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Interface: A Journal for and About Social Movements, Vol 2, No 1, pp.1-21.
Editorial: Crises, Social Movements and Revolutionary Transformations2010 •
2012 •
ABSTRACT Analyzing both historical contexts and geographical locations, this volume explores the continuous reformation of state power and its potential in situations of violent conflict. The state, otherwise understood as an abstract and transcendent concept in many works on globalization in political philosophy, is instead located and analyzed here as an embedded part of lived reality. This relationship to the state is exposed as an integral factor to the formation of the social – whether in Africa, the Middle East, South America or the United States. Through the examination of these particular empirical settings of war or war-like situations, the book further argues for the continued importance of the state in shifting social and political circumstances. In doing so, the authors provide an critical contribution to debates within a broad spectrum of fields that are concerned with the future of the state, the nature of sovereignty, and globalization. CONTENTS Introduction: The Crisis of Power and Reformations of the State in Globalizing Realities Bruce Kapferer and Bjørn Enge Bertelsen Section I. Transformations of Sovereignty, Empire, State 1. The Military-Industrial Complex and the Crisis of U.S. Capital June Nash 2. Post-Soviet Formation of the Russian State and the War in Chechnya: Exploring the Chaotic Form of Sovereignty Jakob Rigi 3. Market Forces, Political Violence, and War: The End of Nation-States, the Rise of Ethnic and Global Sovereignties? Caroline Ifeka Section II. War Zone 4. Rebel Ravages in Bundibugyo, Uganda’s Forgotten District Kirsten Alnaes 5. Fear of the Midnight Knock: State Sovereignty and Internal Enemies in Uganda Sverker Finnström 6. The Shepherd’s Staff and the AK-47: Pastoralism and Handguns in Karamoja, Uganda Frode Storaas Section III. Sovereign Logics 7. The Sovereign as Savage: The Pathos of Ethno-Nationalist Passion Christopher Taylor 8. The Paramilitary Function of Transparency: Guatemala and Colombia Staffan Löfving 9. Sorcery and Death Squads: Transformations of State, Sovereignty, and Violence in Postcolonial Mozambique Bjørn Enge Bertelsen 10. Collective Violence and Counter-State Building: Algeria 1954-62 Rasmus Alenius Boserup 11. Malignant Organisms: Continuities of State-Run Violence in Rural Liberia Mats Utas 12. Israel’s Wall and the Logic of Encystation: Sovereign Exception or Wild Sovereignty? Glenn Bowman
Hungarian Geographical Bulletin
Hadjimichalis, C.: Crisis Spaces: Structures, Struggles and Solidarity in Southern Europe2018 •
Conference Papers Nicos Poulantzas Institute Crisis, State and Democracy. Working with Nicos Poulantzas' theory to confront authoritarian capitalism Athens, Greece 12-13 December 2014 Nicos Poulantzas has been one of the most important scholars in the field of theory development in the areas of the state and its development. His contribution linked in a creative way different strands from the Marxist discourse. Being a passionate activist, his contribution is especially meaningful as he aimed on making theoretical reflections relevant for the further development for emancipatory politics. Nevertheless, his work has been underexposed in the context of debates on European (dis-)integration. In the light of the crisis and the process of increasingly authoritarian politics it is even more important to utilise this pool of knowledge, in order to better understand the contradictory character of the process and to elaborate alternatives that opens perspectives towards a radical socialist transformation to a democratic society.
This article analyzes the current crisis in terms of a conflict of temporalities, arguing that the pace of the economic temporality and its speed in decision making clashes with the temporality of the state and the slowness of the democratic process of decision making. The synchronization of these different tempos configures the present crisis of democracy and its different reactions, such as the recent Occupy and anti-austerity movements, which have expressed their disenchantment with formal democracy. The article examines these disjointed temporalities of capital, state, and popular insurgencies, to explore the possibilities of radical change.
Social Justice
Editors' introduction: conflicts within the crisis2012 •
THIS THEMATIC SPECIAL ISSUE OF SOCIAL JUSTICE INVESTIGATES SOME OF THE most significant cycles of protest that have occurred across the globe since the current financial, economic, and political crisis started in 2007. It covers four European countries, Greece, Italy, Spain, and the UK, and one country involved in the Arab Spring, Egypt. The financial crisis that erupted in 2007 with the defaults in the subprime mortgage market in the United States is still ongoing and has extended to other countries across the globe as a consequence of a domino effect at both the geographical and systemic levels. On the one hand, the crisis from Europe has spread to countries and continents including the so-called BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India, and China), which have all experienced declining economic growth and problems with the export of their goods. On the other hand, the current crisis has become systemic, and the resulting economic shocks and fallouts have spread further across the financial se...
This introductory chapter provides a number of definitions of different kinds and forms of revolutionary events as well as a preliminary description of all the revolutionary waves of the twenty-first century, with their main characteristics and causes, although we also pay attention to revolutions that stand outside these waves. The authors identify three waves of twenty-first century revolutions. The first wave of (color) revolutions happened in 2000–2009. The reasons for this wave at the World System level were the following: (1) the world economy was on the rise, especially actively in the countries of the former second and third worlds; (2) rapid development contributed to the growth of both rising expectations and an increase in inequality; (3) the growth of democratization following upon the fall of communism brought increased influence of Western countries and organizations seeking to assist and/or promote democratization in many formerly authoritarian countries. The second wave is the Arab Spring and its echo, in 2010/2011–2013. The reasons at the World System level for this wave were (1) the world economy was in crisis due to the global Great Recession; (2) development had been rapid but highly uneven in such middle-income countries as Egypt, or Tunisia; (3) agflation (inflation in the prices of agricultural commodities) formed a specific precursor of the revolutionary crisis; and (4) the success of the first wave led to the diffusion of skills and models of non-violent revolution as a way to combat state corruption and displace authoritarian rule. The third wave started in 2018 and continues into the 2020s. At the World System level, this wave had the following reasons: (1) a new deterioration of the situation in the world economy with the lowest annual growth rates since the 1990s, and generally greater concentration of wealth and greater inequality; (2) this resulted in many cases in declining standards of living for the lower and middle income portions of populations, and a rise in prices for some countries; (3) destabilization in the World System in reaction to heightened tensions among the major powers: Europe, the United States, Russia and China; and (4) the continued diffusion of demand for democracy, e.g. in Armenia, Hong Kong, Belarus, etc.; (5) in 2020, COVID is added, which significantly worsens the economic and social situation. In this introductory chapter, we also offer a preliminary analysis of how revolutions change their types and forms over the course of history. The chapter ends with a description of how the present volume is organized.
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