This world map showing all sovereign countries of the World, the 206 listed countries or states can be divided into 3 categories based on membership within the United Nations System: 193 member countries, 2 observer countries and 11 other countries. According to the sovereignty dispute, 190 countries have undisputed sovereignty and countries have disputed sovereignty (16 countries, of which there are 6 member countries, 1 observer country and 9 other countries).
Explore the above World Map with all the sovereign countries labeled on it. It can only be used for free for education purposes only.
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An Overview on World Map
A world map is a representation of Earth which shows the maximum or entire surface of the earth. World maps face the issue of projection due to their scale. World maps carried out in 2D (two dimension) by requirement disfigure the presentation of the 3D (three dimensional) image of earth’s surface. Although this is true for all maps, these disfigures become highly noticeable in a map of the world. Various approaches have been created and used to show world maps that deal with artistic and distinct technical goals.
Plotting a world map needs comprehensive knowledge of Earth, its continents, and its oceans. From early history to the Middle ages, charting a correct map of the world would have been impractical because fewer than half of the coastlines of earth and only a tiny portion of its global interiors were recognized to any civilization. Awareness of the surface of the earth increased speedily with exploration that started at the time of the European Renaissance and many of the coastlines of the world had been diagramed, slightly roughly, by the time of the mid 1700s and the global interiors by the 20th century.
World Maps commonly show either physical features or political features. Political world maps highlight territorial borders and human town-centre or settlement. Physical world maps show geographical aspects like soil type, mountains, land use, rivers, landforms, plateau, peaks, lakes, etc. Geological world maps display not only the Earth’s surface, but features of the underlying rock, subsurface structures, and fault lines. Choropleth world maps use colour complexion and depth to highlight differences among regions like economic and demographic figures.
World map shows the continents, countries, oceans, seas, rivers, mountains, and other geographical features. The most commonly used world map projection is the Mercator projection, which distorts the size of land masses at the poles, making them appear larger than they actually are. Other projections, such as the Robinson projection or the Winkel Tripel projection, attempt to minimize these distortions and provide a more accurate representation of the Earth's surface.
The world map is divided into five major oceans, which are the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Southern, and Arctic. The seven continents are Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America.
The world map is used for a variety of purposes, including education, navigation, tourism, and research. It can help people understand the world's physical and political geography, as well as the relationships between different countries and regions.
World Map Projections
All maps of the world are developed on one of various world map projections, or mechanisms of depicting an earth on a plane. All world map projections disfigure geographical or physical features, directions, and distances in some manner. The many world map projections that have been created and used add distinct ways of adjusting accuracy and the inescapable misrepresentation implicit in developing world maps.
Reasonably the most famous map projection is the Mercator, formerly crafted as a nautical chart.
Thematic World Maps
A thematic world map displays geographical statistics related to one or a many focused topics. These world maps can describe social, physical, political, economic, cultural, agricultural, sociological, or several other statistics of a region, city, region, state, nation, and continent.
Historical World Maps
Prehistoric world maps show illustrations of the earth from the Iron Age to the Discovery Age and the evolution of contemporary geography at the time of the initial modern era. Old world maps show data about regions that were recognized in the past, along with the cultural and philosophical basis of the world map, which were generally much distinct from present-day cartography. World maps are one medium by which scientists circulate their intelligence and spread them to coming generations.
World Physical Features
The planet Earth is a masterpiece of natural diversity, with a variety of physical features that shape its landscapes and environments. From towering mountains to vast oceans, each element plays a pivotal role in the ecosystem and offers unique experiences for those who explore them.
Mountains stand as some of the most majestic physical features on Earth. They are formed through tectonic forces or volcanism. These natural skyscrapers are not only breathtaking to behold but also influence climate, weather patterns, and the distribution of flora and fauna. The Himalayas, for example, are home to Mount Everest, the world's highest peak, reaching a staggering height of 29,032 feet above sea level.
Rivers are the lifelines of civilizations. These flowing bodies of water originate from mountains, lakes, or springs, traveling long distances to merge with oceans or seas. Rivers like the Amazon, Nile, and Yangtze have supported human civilizations for thousands of years by providing fresh water, transportation routes, and fertile land for agriculture.
Oceans, covering over 70% of the Earth's surface, are vast bodies of saltwater that play a crucial role in the global climate system by distributing heat around the planet. The Pacific Ocean is the world's largest ocean, stretching over an area of approximately 63 million square miles. Oceans are also rich in biodiversity, housing millions of species, some of which are yet to be discovered.
Deserts are regions where evaporation exceeds precipitation, resulting in sparse vegetation. Despite their harsh conditions, deserts such as the Sahara, the largest hot desert, and the Antarctic, the largest cold desert, are home to a variety of life adapted to survive with minimal water.
Forests come in different types, including tropical rainforests, temperate, and boreal forests, each hosting diverse ecosystems. The Amazon Rainforest, often referred to as the "lungs of the Earth," spans over 2.1 million square miles and is vital for carbon dioxide absorption, significantly impacting global climate regulation.
Sovereign Countries in the World
The world is home to 195 sovereign countries, each with its unique governance, culture, and geography. These nations range from vast, populous lands like China and India to small, serene island nations such as Tuvalu and Nauru. Sovereign countries are defined as states with their own territories and governments, capable of engaging with other nations across various platforms such as trade, diplomacy, and international agreements.
Geographically, these countries are distributed across continents: Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania, including the challenging terrains of Antarctica under specific territorial claims. Africa, with 54 countries, stands as the continent with the most nations, offering a rich tapestry of cultures, languages, and ecosystems. Conversely, Europe, known for its historical ties and diverse cultures within compact geographies, consists of 44 countries.
Population data from the United Nations reveals that as of 2023, China and India dominate as the most populous countries, each with populations surpassing 1 billion. These nations significantly influence global economic trends, technology, and cultural exchanges. On the other end of the spectrum are countries like Vatican City and Nauru, with populations less than a small town in larger countries, highlighting the vast diversity in how humanity organizes itself across the globe.
Economically, countries range from high-income economies like the United States and Germany, known for their technological innovations and financial systems, to nations grappling with poverty and economic challenges such as Malawi and Afghanistan. The economic diversity among these sovereign states underscores the global challenges and opportunities in addressing issues like poverty, education, and sustainable development.
In the realm of governance, systems vary from democracies, where governance is elected by the populace, to monarchies and dictatorships where power may be concentrated in individuals or small groups. This diversity in governance affects everything from human rights and freedoms to economic policies and international relations.
Environmental conservation and sustainability have also become critical issues for these nations, with climate change impacts not recognizing political borders. Countries like Denmark and Costa Rica are leading the way in sustainable practices, aiming for carbon neutrality and promoting renewable energy.
Countries with limited recognition, often referred to as de facto states or unrecognized nations, exist in a unique geopolitical limbo. These entities control their territory and govern their citizens but lack wide international recognition as sovereign states. This situation can result from various complex political, historical, and cultural factors. A notable example includes Taiwan (Republic of China), which governs its own territory and maintains its own economy and democratic government system. However, due to the One-China Policy advocated by the People's Republic of China (PRC), Taiwan's statehood is recognized by a small number of UN member states.
Similarly, entities such as Kosovo, which declared independence from Serbia in 2008, exist in a contentious space of international politics. While over 100 UN member states recognize Kosovo's sovereignty, it faces opposition from Serbia and its allies, preventing full UN membership. The case of Northern Cyprus, only recognized by Turkey, underscores the regional disputes and historical complexities that can lead to limited recognition. These regions operate their governmental structures and interact on the international stage through informal channels or under alternative statuses.
The impact of limited recognition on these entities extends beyond diplomatic representation; it affects trade, security, and citizens' rights. For instance, limited access to international organizations can hinder economic development and aid during crises. Despite these challenges, these entities continue to assert their identity and seek greater acceptance on the world stage.
Efforts to resolve the status of countries with limited recognition vary greatly and often involve protracted diplomatic negotiations. The international community's role, including organizations like the United Nations, remains pivotal in addressing these unresolved statuses through peaceful means.
Understanding the plight and position of countries with limited recognition is essential for fostering dialogue and potentially resolving the disputes that have placed them in this unique international standing.
List of Countries with Limited Recognition
S.N.
Non-United Nations Member Sovereign Countries
Status
Capital
Currency
Dialing Code
Population
Area (km2)
Area (sq mi))
1
Abkhazia
Claimed as an autonomous republic of Georgia. Recognized or acclaimed by 4 UN countries.
Sukhumi / Sukhum
Abkhazian apsar, Russian ruble
+7 840, +7 940, +995 44
250,000
8,660
3,344
2
Cook Islands
Self-governing in free association with New Zealand
Avarua
New Zealand dollar, Cook Islands dollar
+682
20,811
236
91
3
Kosovo
Recognized or acclaimed by 108 UN member countries.
Pristina
Euro
+381
1,836,529
10,887
4,203
4
Nagorno-Karabakh
Claimed as part ofAzerbaijan. De facto independent state, Recognized or acclaimed by 3 non-UN states.
Stepanakert
Armenian dram, Nagorno-Karabakh dram
+374 47 / 97
141,400
7,000
2,703
5
Niue
Self-governing in free association with New Zealand
Alofi
New Zealand dollar
+683
2,134
260
100
6
Northern Cyprus
Recognized by Turkey. Claimed as part of the Cyprus.
Nicosia
Turkish lira
+90 392
294,906
3,355
1,295
7
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Claimed as the southernmost provinces of Morocco. Recognized by the African Union and 84 UN members as the representative government of Western Sahara.
El Aaiún(proclaimed)
Algerian dinar, Sahrawi peseta
+212
266,000
267,405
103,246
8
Somaliland
State within the Federal regions of Somalia.Recognized by no UN member.
Hargeisa
Somaliland shilling
+252
4,000,000
137,600
53,128
9
South Ossetia
Claimed as part of Georgia. Recognized or acclaimed by 4 UN countries.
Claimed as a administrative division of Moldova. De facto independent state, Recognized or acclaimed by three non-UN countries.
Tiraspol
Transnistrian ruble
+373
530,000
3,500
1,351
Non-Sovereign Territories
Across the globe, numerous territories lack full sovereignty, existing under the jurisdiction of other countries despite having their own distinct identities, governments, and in some cases, international representation. These non-sovereign territories range from widely recognized entities with significant degrees of autonomy to areas with more limited self-governance. Understanding these territories entails exploring their political status, historical backgrounds, and current governance models.
The concept of sovereignty refers to the full right and power of a governing body to govern itself without any interference from outside sources or bodies. However, non-sovereign territories do not possess this complete autonomy, often due to historical circumstances such as colonialism, strategic agreements, or specific international rulings.
Examples of these territories include Puerto Rico (United States), Greenland (Denmark), and Hong Kong (China). Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States, has its own constitution and government but lacks voting representation in the U.S. Congress, showcasing a complex relationship with the mainland. Greenland, while possessing self-rule, remains part of the Kingdom of Denmark, highlighting a model where foreign affairs and defense are managed by the sovereign state. Hong Kong, designated as a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China following the 1997 handover from Britain, maintains a separate legal and economic system under the principle of "one country, two systems", though recent developments have raised questions about this autonomy.
The status of non-sovereign territories raises important questions about identity, governance, and international law. Residents of these territories often experience a unique blend of cultural influences, reflecting their distinct history and relationship with the governing country. Economically, these areas may benefit from the association, gaining access to broader markets and financial resources, yet they also face challenges such as limited representation in policy decisions that affect them.
In discussing non-sovereign territories, it's crucial to recognize the diversity of arrangements and the ongoing debates concerning their future. While some advocate for greater autonomy or even full independence, others prefer maintaining the current status quo, valuing stability and the benefits of their relationship with the sovereign state.
List of Non-Sovereign Dependent Territories in the World
S.N.
Dependent Territories
Status
Capital
Currency
Dialing Code
Population
Area (km2)
Area (sq mi))
1
Akrotiri and Dhekelia
British overseas territory
Episkopi Cantonment
Euro
+357
7,700 Cypriots, 8,000 British military personnel and their families
254
98
2
American Samoa
Insular area of the United States
Pago Pago
United States dollar
+1 684
57,345
199
76.8
3
Anguilla
British Overseas Territory
The Valley
East Caribbean dollar
+1 264
13,037
91
35
4
Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Territory of Australia
Uninhabited
Local currency (ABC)
Uninhabited
5
2
5
Bajo Nuevo Bank
Unincorporated Unorganized Territory of the United States of America, uninhabited, disputed by 3 other nations.
Part of the UK, devolved government decided by the Good Friday Agreement.
Belfast
Pound Sterling
+44
1,810,863
14,130
5,456
15
Pelagie Islands
Italian territory
Lampedusa e Linosa
Euro
+39
6,304
21.4
8
16
Plazas de soberanía
Spanish overseas territory
N/A
Euro
+34
74
17
Réunion
French overseas region
Saint-Denis
Euro
+262
793,000
2,512
970
18
Saba
Special municipality of the Netherlands
The Bottom
United States dollar
+599 4
13
5
19
Saint Barthélemy
French Overseas Collectivity
Gustavia
Euro
+590
10,000
25
9.5
20
Saint Martin
French Overseas Collectivity
Marigot
Euro
+590
36,000
87
34
21
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
French Overseas Collectivity
Saint-Pierre
Euro
+508
6,000
242
93
22
San Andrés and Providencia
Department of Colombia
San Andrés
Colombian peso
+57
52.5
20.3
23
Sint Eustatius
Special municipality of the Netherlands
Oranjestad
United States dollar
+599 3
21
8
24
Sint Maarten
Constituent Country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Philipsburg
Netherlands Antillean guilder
+1 721
39,000
34
13.1
25
Svalbard
Special territory of Norway, decided by the Svalbard Treaty.
Longyearbyen
Norwegian krone
+47
2,019
62,045
23,956
Territorial Claims in Antarctica
Antarctica, the southernmost continent, is a land of extreme conditions and unparalleled beauty. Unlike any other place on Earth, it is covered almost entirely by ice and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. This continent, governed by the Antarctic Treaty System since 1959, is unique because it is not owned by any single country. Instead, it is dedicated to peaceful research and the preservation of the natural environment. However, territorial claims have been a complex issue, with several countries asserting rights to various portions of this icy territory.
The Antarctic Treaty, signed by 12 countries, set a groundbreaking precedent for international cooperation. It reserved the continent for scientific research and banned military activity, nuclear tests, and the disposal of radioactive waste. Today, with 54 signatories, the treaty emphasizes that Antarctica shall not become the scene or object of international discord. Despite this, seven countries — Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom — have made territorial claims, some of which overlap.
Australia holds the largest claim, covering nearly 42% of Antarctica. This claim, known as the Australian Antarctic Territory, was first made in 1933 and stretches from West to East Antarctica. France's claim, Adélie Land, is the second oldest, dating back to 1924, and represents about 8.5% of the continent. The United Kingdom, New Zealand, Norway, Chile, and Argentina have also made claims, with the latter three countries having overlapping territories that have led to diplomatic discussions but remain unresolved due to the Antarctic Treaty's Article IV. This article freezes existing claims and prohibits new ones, ensuring that no acts or activities taking place while the Treaty is in force will constitute a basis for asserting, supporting, or denying a claim to territorial sovereignty in Antarctica.
The United States and Russia maintain a basis for a claim under the Antarctic Treaty but have not pursued any claims. This position allows them to exert significant influence over Antarctic governance without the constraints of territorial sovereignty.
Scientific research remains the primary activity in Antarctica, with countries establishing and operating research stations across the continent. Research topics range from marine biology and glaciology to climate change and astronomy, underlining the continent's importance as a natural laboratory for crucial scientific inquiry.
Environmental protection is also a central focus of the Antarctic Treaty System. The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, signed in 1991, designates Antarctica as a natural reserve, devoted to peace and science. This agreement places strict controls on human activity, aiming to preserve the continent's ecosystems and has fostered international cooperation in scientific research, setting a precedent for environmental protection worldwide.
Official Claims of Territories in Antarctica
S.N.
Territory in Antarctica
Status
Claimant
Date
Capital
Currency
Dialing Code
Population
Claim limits
Area (km2)
Area (sq mi))
1
Adélie Land
District of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
