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Fascio di parabole
Esercizio numero 291 di pagina 504
Amina Moussa
Consegna dell’esercizio
Considera il fascio di parabole di equazione π’š = π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“
Determina :
β€’ I punti base e le caratteristiche del fascio;
β€’ La parabola del fascio passante per l’origine ;
β€’ La parabola del fascio che ha come asse la retta di equazione 𝒙 =
πŸπŸ“
𝟐
;
β€’ Le parabole del fascio che hanno il fuoco sull’asse 𝒙 ;
β€’ Le parabole del fascio che individuano sull’asse 𝒙 un segmento di misura πŸ’πŸ.
Prima richiesta:
I punti base e le caratteristiche del
fascio
Procedimento:
β€’ Per trovare i punti base del fascio dobbiamo
riscrivere l’equazione in modo da ricavare le
generatrici:
𝑦 = π‘˜π‘₯2
+ 5π‘₯ + π‘˜ + 5
π’š = πŸ“π’™ + πŸ“ + π’Œ(π’™πŸ + 𝟏)
Le generatrici : 𝑦 = 5π‘₯ + 5
π‘₯2 + 1 = 0
Prima richiesta
β€’ I punti base sono i punti in cui si intersecano le
parabole dello stesso fascio perciΓ² mettiamo a
sistema le 2 generatrici:
𝑦 = 5π‘₯ + 5
π‘₯2 + 1 = 0
β€’ Il fascio Γ¨ privo di punti base questo perchΓ© la
seconda equazione non ammette soluzioni reali.
Seconda richiesta: la parabola del
fascio passante per l’origine
β€’ Una parabola passante per l’origine ha coordinate (0,0)
Sostituiamo quindi le coordinate all’equazione del fascio:
𝑦 = π‘˜π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ + π‘˜ + 5
0=k +5
k = βˆ’πŸ“
β€’ Sostituiamo ora il valore di k trovato all’equazione del fascio,
trovando cosΓ¬ la parabola passante per l’origine:
π’š = βˆ’πŸ“π’™πŸ
+ πŸ“π’™
Terza richiesta: La parabola del fascio che ha come asse la retta di
equazione π‘₯ =
15
2
Procedimento:
β€’ Sappiamo che l’asse di simmetria Γ¨ 𝒙 =
βˆ’π’ƒ
πŸπ’‚
perciΓ² possiamo scrivere che
π‘₯ =
βˆ’5
2π‘˜
dall’equazione del fascio di parabole: π’š = π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“
β€’ Ora avendo i dati necessari possiamo scrivere l’equazione:
15
2
=
βˆ’5
2π‘˜
β€’ Eseguendo i calcoli troviamo che:
π‘˜ = βˆ’
1
3
Terza richiesta
β€’ Ora per trovare la parabola sostituiamo il valore
di K trovato all’equazione del fascio:
π’š = π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“
𝑦 = βˆ’
1
3
π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ +
14
3
Quarta richiesta: Le parabole del fascio che hanno il fuoco
sull’asse π‘₯
Procedimento:
β€’ Le parabole che hanno il fuoco sull’asse x hanno ordinata nulla :
1βˆ’Ξ”
4π‘Ž
= 0
Che puΓ² essere riscritta come:
1βˆ’π‘2+4π‘Žπ‘
4π‘Ž
= 0
β€’ Dall’equazione del fascio di parabole : π’š = π’Œπ’™πŸ
+ πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“
riscriviamo l’equazione come:
βˆ’πŸ+ βˆ’πŸ“ 𝟐+πŸ’π’Œ π’Œ+πŸ“
πŸ’π’Œ
= 𝟎
Quarta richiesta
Risolviamo l’equazione:
Abbiamo trovato che:
π’ŒπŸ = βˆ’πŸ”
π’ŒπŸ = 𝟏
β€’ Ora per trovare le parabole sostituiamo i valori
di K trovati all’equazione del fascio:
π’š = π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“
β€’ La prima parabola: π’š = βˆ’πŸ”π’™πŸ
+ πŸ“π’™ βˆ’ 𝟏
β€’ La seconda parabola: π’š = π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + πŸ”
Quarta richiesta: i grafici
β€’ La prima parabola:
π’š = βˆ’πŸ”π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ βˆ’ 𝟏
β€’ La seconda parabola:
π’š = π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + πŸ”
Quinta richiesta: le parabole del fascio che individuano
sull’asse π‘₯ un segmento di misura 41.
β€’ Dobbiamo trovare i punti di intersezione del fascio con l'asse x:
𝑦 = 0
𝑦 = π‘˜π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ + π‘˜ + 5
π’Œπ’™πŸ
+ πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“ = 0
β€’ Troviamo il delta:
Ξ” = 25 - 4k(k + 5) = 25 - 4π‘˜2- 20k
Quinta richiesta
Trattando l’equazione π’Œπ’™πŸ
+ πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“ = 0 come una normale equazione di
secondo grado troviamo π‘₯1 𝑒 π‘₯2
π‘₯1=
βˆ’5+ 25βˆ’4π‘˜2βˆ’20π‘˜
2π‘˜
π‘₯2=
βˆ’5βˆ’ 25βˆ’4π‘˜2βˆ’20π‘˜
2π‘˜
Il punto A(
βˆ’5+ 25βˆ’4π‘˜2βˆ’20π‘˜
2π‘˜
, 0)
Il punto B (
βˆ’5βˆ’ 25βˆ’4π‘˜2βˆ’20π‘˜
2π‘˜
, 0)
Quinta richiesta
A-B= 41
Riscriviamo questa equazione come:
(
βˆ’5+ 25βˆ’4π‘˜2βˆ’20π‘˜
2π‘˜
)-(
βˆ’5βˆ’ 25βˆ’4π‘˜2βˆ’20π‘˜
2π‘˜
)= 41
Risolviamo l’equazione:
Quinta richiesta: i grafici
Prima parabola:
π’š = βˆ’π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + πŸ’
Seconda parabola:
π’š =
πŸ“
πŸ—
π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ +
πŸ“πŸŽ
πŸ—
Quinta richiesta
β€’ Per completare la richiesta sostituiamo i valori di k trovati all’equazione del
fascio: π’š = π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“
Prima parabola avente k= -1
π’š = βˆ’π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + πŸ’
Seconda parabola avente k=
5
9
π’š =
πŸ“
πŸ—
π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ +
πŸ“πŸŽ
πŸ—

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Fascio di parabole

  • 1. Fascio di parabole Esercizio numero 291 di pagina 504 Amina Moussa
  • 2. Consegna dell’esercizio Considera il fascio di parabole di equazione π’š = π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“ Determina : β€’ I punti base e le caratteristiche del fascio; β€’ La parabola del fascio passante per l’origine ; β€’ La parabola del fascio che ha come asse la retta di equazione 𝒙 = πŸπŸ“ 𝟐 ; β€’ Le parabole del fascio che hanno il fuoco sull’asse 𝒙 ; β€’ Le parabole del fascio che individuano sull’asse 𝒙 un segmento di misura πŸ’πŸ.
  • 3. Prima richiesta: I punti base e le caratteristiche del fascio Procedimento: β€’ Per trovare i punti base del fascio dobbiamo riscrivere l’equazione in modo da ricavare le generatrici: 𝑦 = π‘˜π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ + π‘˜ + 5 π’š = πŸ“π’™ + πŸ“ + π’Œ(π’™πŸ + 𝟏) Le generatrici : 𝑦 = 5π‘₯ + 5 π‘₯2 + 1 = 0
  • 4. Prima richiesta β€’ I punti base sono i punti in cui si intersecano le parabole dello stesso fascio perciΓ² mettiamo a sistema le 2 generatrici: 𝑦 = 5π‘₯ + 5 π‘₯2 + 1 = 0 β€’ Il fascio Γ¨ privo di punti base questo perchΓ© la seconda equazione non ammette soluzioni reali.
  • 5. Seconda richiesta: la parabola del fascio passante per l’origine β€’ Una parabola passante per l’origine ha coordinate (0,0) Sostituiamo quindi le coordinate all’equazione del fascio: 𝑦 = π‘˜π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ + π‘˜ + 5 0=k +5 k = βˆ’πŸ“ β€’ Sostituiamo ora il valore di k trovato all’equazione del fascio, trovando cosΓ¬ la parabola passante per l’origine: π’š = βˆ’πŸ“π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™
  • 6. Terza richiesta: La parabola del fascio che ha come asse la retta di equazione π‘₯ = 15 2 Procedimento: β€’ Sappiamo che l’asse di simmetria Γ¨ 𝒙 = βˆ’π’ƒ πŸπ’‚ perciΓ² possiamo scrivere che π‘₯ = βˆ’5 2π‘˜ dall’equazione del fascio di parabole: π’š = π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“ β€’ Ora avendo i dati necessari possiamo scrivere l’equazione: 15 2 = βˆ’5 2π‘˜ β€’ Eseguendo i calcoli troviamo che: π‘˜ = βˆ’ 1 3
  • 7. Terza richiesta β€’ Ora per trovare la parabola sostituiamo il valore di K trovato all’equazione del fascio: π’š = π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“ 𝑦 = βˆ’ 1 3 π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ + 14 3
  • 8. Quarta richiesta: Le parabole del fascio che hanno il fuoco sull’asse π‘₯ Procedimento: β€’ Le parabole che hanno il fuoco sull’asse x hanno ordinata nulla : 1βˆ’Ξ” 4π‘Ž = 0 Che puΓ² essere riscritta come: 1βˆ’π‘2+4π‘Žπ‘ 4π‘Ž = 0 β€’ Dall’equazione del fascio di parabole : π’š = π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“ riscriviamo l’equazione come: βˆ’πŸ+ βˆ’πŸ“ 𝟐+πŸ’π’Œ π’Œ+πŸ“ πŸ’π’Œ = 𝟎
  • 9. Quarta richiesta Risolviamo l’equazione: Abbiamo trovato che: π’ŒπŸ = βˆ’πŸ” π’ŒπŸ = 𝟏 β€’ Ora per trovare le parabole sostituiamo i valori di K trovati all’equazione del fascio: π’š = π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“ β€’ La prima parabola: π’š = βˆ’πŸ”π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ βˆ’ 𝟏 β€’ La seconda parabola: π’š = π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + πŸ”
  • 10. Quarta richiesta: i grafici β€’ La prima parabola: π’š = βˆ’πŸ”π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ βˆ’ 𝟏 β€’ La seconda parabola: π’š = π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + πŸ”
  • 11. Quinta richiesta: le parabole del fascio che individuano sull’asse π‘₯ un segmento di misura 41. β€’ Dobbiamo trovare i punti di intersezione del fascio con l'asse x: 𝑦 = 0 𝑦 = π‘˜π‘₯2 + 5π‘₯ + π‘˜ + 5 π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“ = 0 β€’ Troviamo il delta: Ξ” = 25 - 4k(k + 5) = 25 - 4π‘˜2- 20k
  • 12. Quinta richiesta Trattando l’equazione π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“ = 0 come una normale equazione di secondo grado troviamo π‘₯1 𝑒 π‘₯2 π‘₯1= βˆ’5+ 25βˆ’4π‘˜2βˆ’20π‘˜ 2π‘˜ π‘₯2= βˆ’5βˆ’ 25βˆ’4π‘˜2βˆ’20π‘˜ 2π‘˜ Il punto A( βˆ’5+ 25βˆ’4π‘˜2βˆ’20π‘˜ 2π‘˜ , 0) Il punto B ( βˆ’5βˆ’ 25βˆ’4π‘˜2βˆ’20π‘˜ 2π‘˜ , 0)
  • 13. Quinta richiesta A-B= 41 Riscriviamo questa equazione come: ( βˆ’5+ 25βˆ’4π‘˜2βˆ’20π‘˜ 2π‘˜ )-( βˆ’5βˆ’ 25βˆ’4π‘˜2βˆ’20π‘˜ 2π‘˜ )= 41 Risolviamo l’equazione:
  • 14. Quinta richiesta: i grafici Prima parabola: π’š = βˆ’π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + πŸ’ Seconda parabola: π’š = πŸ“ πŸ— π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + πŸ“πŸŽ πŸ—
  • 15. Quinta richiesta β€’ Per completare la richiesta sostituiamo i valori di k trovati all’equazione del fascio: π’š = π’Œπ’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + π’Œ + πŸ“ Prima parabola avente k= -1 π’š = βˆ’π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + πŸ’ Seconda parabola avente k= 5 9 π’š = πŸ“ πŸ— π’™πŸ + πŸ“π’™ + πŸ“πŸŽ πŸ—