Tabellenanhang - Alex-weingarten.de

Einführung inLinux/UNIX – AnhangWulf Alex2008Karlsruhe

Copyright 2000–2008 by Wulf Alex, KarlsruhePermission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this documentunder the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free SoftwareFoundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts,and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in thesection entitled GNU Free Documentation License on page 491.Ausgabedatum: 18. November 2008.Email:alex-weingarten@t-online.deDies ist ein Skriptum. Es ist unvollständig und enthält Fehler.Geschützte Namen wie UNIX oder PostScript sind nicht gekennzeichnet.Geschrieben mit dem Texteditor vi, formatiert mit L A TEX unterDebian GNU/Linux.Die Skripten liegen unter folgenden URLs zum Herunterladenbereit:http://www.alex-weingarten.de/skripten/http://www.abklex.de/skripten/Besuchen Sie auch die Seiten zu meinen Büchern:http://www.alex-weingarten.de/debian/http://www.abklex.de/debian/Von dem Skriptum gibt es neben der Normalausgabe eine Ausgabein kleinerer Schrift (9 Punkte), in großer Schrift (14 Punkte)sowie eine Textausgabe für Leseprogramme (Screenreader).

VorwortThere is an old system called UNIX,suspected by many to do nix,but in fact it does morethan all systems before,and comprises astonishing uniques.Die Skripten richten sich an Leser mit wenigen Vorkenntnissenin der Elektronischen Datenverarbeitung; sie sollen – wieFRITZ REUTERS Urgeschicht von Meckelnborg – ok för Schaulkinnertau bruken sin. Für die wissenschaftliche Welt zitiere ichaus dem Vorwort zu einem Buch des Mathematikers RICHARDCOURANT: Das Buch wendet sich an einen weiten Kreis: an Schülerund Lehrer, an Anfänger und Gelehrte, an Philosophen undIngenieure. Das Lernziel ist eine Vertrautheit mit Betriebssystemender Gattung UNIX einschließlich Linux, der ProgrammierspracheC/C++ und dem weltumspannenden Internet, die so weitreicht, dass der Leser mit der Praxis beginnen und sich selbständigweiterbilden kann. Ausgelernt hat man nie.Zusammen bildeten die Skripten die Grundlage für das BuchUNIX. C und Internet, im Jahr 1999 in zweiter Auflage imSpringer-Verlag erschienen (ISBN 3-540-65429-1). Das Buch istvergriffen und wird auch nicht weiter gepflegt, da ich mich aufDebian GNU/Linux konzentriere. Meine Debian-Bücher (ISBN3-540-43267-1 und 3-540-23786-0) sind ebenfalls bei Springer erschienen,aber nicht im Netz veröffentlicht. Die Skripten dagegenbleiben weiterhin im Netz verfügbar und werden bei Gelegenheitimmer wieder überarbeitet.Warum ein Linux/UNIX? Die Betriebssysteme der GattungUNIX laufen auf einer Vielzahl von Computertypen. Unter denverbreiteten Betriebssystemen sind sie die ältesten und ausgereift.Die UNIXe haben sich lange ohne kommerzielle Einflüsseentwickelt und tun das teilweise heute noch, siehe Linux,FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD und andere. Programmierer, nichtdas Marketing, haben die Ziele gesetzt. Die UNIXe haben vonAnfang an gemischte Hardware und die Zusammenarbeit mehrererBenutzer unterstützt. In Verbindung mit dem X Windowiii

ivSystem, einem netzfähigen Fenstersystem, sind die UNIXe unterden Betriebssystemen mittlerer Größe die leistungsfähigsten.Linux/UNIX-Rechner waren von Anbeginn im Internet dabeiund haben seine Entwicklung bestimmt.Warum C/C++? Die universelle Programmiersprache C mitihrer mächtigen Erweiterung C++ ist – im Vergleich zu BASICetwa – ziemlich einheitlich. Der Anfang ist leicht, an die Grenzenstoßen wenige Benutzer. Das Zusammenspiel zwischen C/C++-Programmen und Linux/UNIX funktioniert reibungslos.Warum das Internet? Das Internet ist das größte Computernetzdieser Erde, ein Zusammenschluss vieler regionaler Netze.Ursprünglich auf Hochschulen und Behörden beschränkt, sindmittlerweile auch Industrie, Handel und Privatpersonen beteiligt.Unser berufliches Leben und zunehmend unser privatesDasein werden vom Internet berührt. Eine Email-Anschrift istso wichtig geworden wie ein Telefonanschluss. Als Informationsquelleist das Netz unentbehrlich.Bei der Stoffauswahl habe ich mich von meiner Arbeit als Benutzer,Verwalter und Programmierer leiten lassen. BesondererWert wird auf die Erläuterung der zahlreichen Fachbegriffe gelegt,die dem Anfänger das Leben erschweren. Die typische Frage,vor der auch ich immer wieder stehe, lautet: Was ist XYZ undwozu kann man es gebrauchen? Hinsichtlich vieler Einzelheitenverweise ich auf die Referenz-Handbücher zu den Rechenanlagenund Programmiersprachen oder auf Monografien, um denText nicht über die Maßen aufzublähen; er ist ein Kompromissaus Breite und Tiefe. Alles über UNIX, C und das Internet istkein Buch, sondern ein Bücherschrank.An einigen Stellen gehe ich außer auf das Wie auch auf dasWarum ein. Von Zeit zu Zeit sollte man den Blick weg von denWellen auf das Meer richten, sonst erwirbt man nur kurzlebigesWissen.Man kann den Gebrauch eines Betriebssystems, einer Programmierspracheoder der Netzdienste nicht allein aus Büchernerlernen – das ist wie beim Klavierspielen oder Kuchenbacken.Die Beispiele und Übungen wurden auf einer Hewlett-Packard9000/712 unter HP-UX 10.20 und einem PC der Marke WeingartenerKatzenberg Auslese unter Debian GNU/Linux entwickelt.Als Shell wurden Bourne-Abkömmlinge bevorzugt, als Compiler

wurde neben dem von Hewlett-Packard der GNU gcc verwendet.Die vollständigen Quellen der Beispiele stehen im Netz.Dem Text liegen eigene Erfahrungen aus fünf Jahrzehntenzugrunde. Seine Wurzeln gehen zurück auf eine Erste Hilfe fürBenutzer der Hewlett-Packard 9000 Modell 550 unter HP-UX, imJahr 1986 aus zwanzig Aktenordnern destilliert, die die Maschinebegleiteten. Gegenwärtig verschiebt sich der Schwerpunkt inRichtung Debian GNU/Linux. Ich habe auch fremde Hilfe beanspruchtund danke Kollegen in den Universitäten Karlsruhe undLyon sowie Mitarbeitern der Firmen IBM und Hewlett-Packardfür schriftliche Unterlagen und mündlichen Rat sowie zahlreichenStudenten für Anregungen und Diskussionen. Darüber hinaushabe ich fleißig das Internet angezapft und viele dort umlaufendeGuides, Primers, HOWTOs, Tutorials und Sammlungenvon Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) verwendet.vWeingarten (Baden), 15. Februar 2006Wulf Alex

InhaltA Zahlensysteme 2B Zeichensätze und Sondertasten 9B.1 EBCDIC, ASCII, Roman8, IBM-PC . . . . . . . . 9B.2 German-ASCII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16B.3 ASCII-Steuerzeichen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16B.4 Latin-1 (ISO 8859-1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17B.5 Latin-2 (ISO 8859-2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24B.6 HTML-Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26B.7 Sondertasten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28C Typografische Maße 31C.1 Papierformate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31C.2 Schriftgrößen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32D Farben 33D.1 RGB-Farbwerte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33D.2 X11-Farben . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33D.3 HTML-Farben . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34E Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) 36F Die wichtigsten UNIX-Kommandos 40G Vergleich UNIX – DOS-Kommandos 46H Besondere UNIX-Kommandos 48H.1 vi(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48H.2 emacs(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49H.3 joe(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49H.4 Drucken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50H.5 ftp(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50I UNIX-Dateisystem 52I.1 Zugriffsrechte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52vi

INHALTviiI.2 Kennungen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54J UNIX-Systemaufrufe 63K UNIX-Signale 66L Videomodi des Linux-Kerns 68M C-Lexikon 70M.1 Schlüsselwörter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70M.2 Operatoren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73M.3 Standardfunktionen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74M.4 printf(3), scanf(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79M.5 Include-Dateien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79M.6 Präprozessor-Anweisungen . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80N Slang im Netz 82O Beispiele LaTeX 90O.1 Textbeispiel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90O.2 Gelatexte Formeln . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95O.3 Formeln im Quelltext . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99P Spezielle Sprachen 106P.1 Hayes-Modem-Kommandos . . . . . . . . . . . . 106Q ISO 3166 Ländercodes 109R Requests For Comment (RFCs) 112R.1 Ausgewählte RFCs, ohne FYIs . . . . . . . . . . . 113R.2 1.-April-RFCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118R.3 Alle FYIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120R.4 Alle BCPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122S Internet-Protokolle 126T Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) 129U Abkürzungen aus Informatik und Telekommunikation131V Karlsruher Test 466

INHALT 1W GNU Lizenzen 482W.1 GNU General Public License . . . . . . . . . . . . 482W.2 GNU Free Documentation License . . . . . . . . 491X Zeittafel 502

... aber die Daten fehlen, um den ganzenNonsens richtig zu überblicken –Benn, Drei alte MännerAZahlensystemeAußer dem Dezimalsystem sind das Dual-, das Oktal- unddas Hexadezimalsystem gebräuchlich. Ferner spielt das Binärcodierte Dezimalsystem (BCD) bei manchen Anwendungeneine Rolle. Bei diesem sind die einzelnen Dezimalstellen für sichdual dargestellt. Die folgende Tabelle enthält die Werte von 0 bisdezimal 255. Bequemlichkeitshalber sind auch die zugeordnetenASCII-Zeichen aufgeführt.dezimal dual oktal hex BCD ASCII0 0 0 0 0 nul1 1 1 1 1 soh2 10 2 2 10 stx3 11 3 3 11 etx4 100 4 4 100 eot5 101 5 5 101 enq6 110 6 6 110 ack7 111 7 7 111 bel8 1000 10 8 1000 bs9 1001 11 9 1001 ht10 1010 12 a 1.0 lf11 101 13 b 1.1 vt12 1100 14 c 1.10 ff13 1101 15 d 1.11 cr14 1110 16 e 1.100 so15 1111 17 f 1.101 si16 10000 20 10 1.110 dle17 10001 21 11 1.111 dc118 10010 22 12 1.1000 dc219 10011 23 13 1.1001 dc320 10100 24 14 10.0 dc421 10101 25 15 10.1 nak22 10110 26 16 10.10 syn2

23 10111 27 17 10.11 etb24 11000 30 18 10.100 can25 11001 31 19 10.101 em26 11010 32 1a 10.110 sub27 11011 33 1b 10.111 esc28 11100 34 1c 10.1000 fs29 11101 35 1d 10.1001 gs30 11110 36 1e 11.0 rs31 11111 37 1f 11.1 us32 100000 40 20 11.10 space33 100001 41 21 11.11 !34 100010 42 22 11.100 ”35 100011 43 23 11.101 #36 100100 44 24 11.110 $37 100101 45 25 11.111 %38 100110 46 26 11.1000 &39 100111 47 27 11.1001 ’40 101000 50 28 100.0 (41 101001 51 29 100.1 )42 101010 52 2a 100.10 *43 101011 53 2b 100.11 +44 101100 54 2c 100.100 ,45 101101 55 2d 100.101 -46 101110 56 2e 100.110 .47 101111 57 2f 100.111 /48 110000 60 30 100.1000 049 110001 61 31 100.1001 150 110010 62 32 101.0 251 110011 63 33 101.1 352 110100 64 34 101.10 453 110101 65 35 101.11 554 110110 66 36 101.100 655 110111 67 37 101.101 756 111000 70 38 101.110 857 111001 71 39 101.111 958 111010 72 3a 101.1000 :59 111011 73 3b 101.1001 ;60 111100 74 3c 110.0 3

4 ANHANG A. ZAHLENSYSTEME63 111111 77 3f 110.11 ?64 1000000 100 40 110.100 @65 1000001 101 41 110.101 A66 1000010 102 42 110.110 B67 1000011 103 43 110.111 C68 1000100 104 44 110.1000 D69 1000101 105 45 110.1001 E70 1000110 106 46 111.0 F71 1000111 107 47 111.1 G72 1001000 110 48 111.10 H73 1001001 111 49 111.11 I74 1001010 112 4a 111.100 J75 1001011 113 4b 111.101 K76 1001100 114 4c 111.110 L77 1001101 115 4d 111.111 M78 1001110 116 4e 111.1000 N79 1001111 117 4f 111.1001 O80 1010000 120 50 1000.0 P81 1010001 121 51 1000.1 Q82 1010010 122 52 1000.10 R83 1010011 123 53 1000.11 S84 1010100 124 54 1000.100 T85 1010101 125 55 1000.101 U86 1010110 126 56 1000.110 V87 1010111 127 57 1000.111 W88 1011000 130 58 1000.1000 X89 1011001 131 59 1000.1001 Y90 1011010 132 5a 1001.0 Z91 1011011 133 5b 1001.1 [92 1011100 134 5c 1001.10 \93 1011101 135 5d 1001.11 ]94 1011110 136 5e 1001.100 ^95 1011111 137 5f 1001.101 _96 1100000 140 60 1001.110 ‘97 1100001 141 61 1001.111 a98 1100010 142 62 1001.1000 b99 1100011 143 63 1001.1001 c100 1100100 144 64 1.0.0 d101 1100101 145 65 1.0.1 e102 1100110 146 66 1.0.10 f

103 1100111 147 67 1.0.11 g104 1101000 150 68 1.0.100 h105 1101001 151 69 1.0.101 i106 1101010 152 6a 1.0.110 j107 1101011 153 6b 1.0.111 k108 1101100 154 6c 1.0.1000 l109 1101101 155 6d 1.0.1001 m110 1101110 156 6e 1.1.0 n111 1101111 157 6f 1.1.1 o112 1110000 160 70 1.1.10 p113 1110001 161 71 1.1.11 q114 1110010 162 72 1.1.100 r115 1110011 163 73 1.1.101 s116 1110100 164 74 1.1.110 t117 1110101 165 75 1.1.111 u118 1110110 166 76 1.1.1000 v119 1110111 167 77 1.1.1001 w120 1111000 170 78 1.10.0 x121 1111001 171 79 1.10.1 y122 1111010 172 7a 1.10.10 z123 1111011 173 7b 1.10.11 {124 1111100 174 7c 1.10.100 |125 1111101 175 7d 1.10.101 }126 1111110 176 7e 1.10.110 ~127 1111111 177 7f 1.10.111 del128 10000000 200 80 1.10.1000129 10000001 201 81 1.10.1001130 10000010 202 82 1.11.0131 10000011 203 83 1.11.1132 10000100 204 84 1.11.10133 10000101 205 85 1.11.11134 10000110 206 86 1.11.100135 10000111 207 87 1.11.101136 10001000 210 88 1.11.110137 10001001 211 89 1.11.111138 10001010 212 8a 1.11.1000139 10001011 213 8b 1.11.1001140 10001100 214 8c 1.100.0141 10001101 215 8d 1.100.1142 10001110 216 8e 1.100.105

6 ANHANG A. ZAHLENSYSTEME143 10001111 217 8f 1.100.11144 10010000 220 90 1.100.100145 10010001 221 91 1.100.101146 10010010 222 92 1.100.110147 10010011 223 93 1.100.111148 10010100 224 94 1.100.1000149 10010101 225 95 1.100.1001150 10010110 226 96 1.101.0151 10010111 227 97 1.101.1152 10011000 230 98 1.101.10153 10011001 231 99 1.101.11154 10011010 232 9a 1.101.100155 10011011 233 9b 1.101.101156 10011100 234 9c 1.101.110157 10011101 235 9d 1.101.111158 10011110 236 9e 1.101.1000159 10011111 237 9f 1.101.1001160 10100000 240 a0 1.110.0161 10100001 241 a1 1.110.1162 10100010 242 a2 1.110.10163 10100011 243 a3 1.110.11164 10100100 244 a4 1.110.100165 10100101 245 a5 1.110.101166 10100110 246 a6 1.110.110167 10100111 247 a7 1.110.111168 10101000 250 a8 1.110.1000169 10101001 251 a9 1.110.1001170 10101010 252 aa 1.111.0171 10101011 253 ab 1.111.1172 10101100 254 ac 1.111.10173 10101101 255 ad 1.111.11174 10101110 256 ae 1.111.100175 10101111 257 af 1.111.101176 10110000 260 b0 1.111.110177 10110001 261 b1 1.111.111178 10110010 262 b2 1.111.1000179 10110011 263 b3 1.111.1001180 10110100 264 b4 1.1000.0181 10110101 265 b5 1.1000.1182 10110110 266 b6 1.1000.10

183 10110111 267 b7 1.1000.11184 10111000 270 b8 1.1000.100185 10111001 271 b9 1.1000.101186 10111010 272 ba 1.1000.110187 10111011 273 bb 1.1000.111188 10111100 274 bc 1.1000.1000189 10111101 275 bd 1.1000.1001190 10111110 276 be 1.1001.0191 10111111 277 bf 1.1001.1192 11000000 300 c0 1.1001.10193 11000001 301 c1 1.1001.11194 11000010 302 c2 1.1001.100195 11000011 303 c3 1.1001.101196 11000100 304 c4 1.1001.110197 11000101 305 c5 1.1001.111198 11000110 306 c6 1.1001.1000199 11000111 307 c7 1.1001.1001200 11001000 310 c8 10.0.0201 11001001 311 c9 10.0.1202 11001010 312 ca 10.0.10203 11001011 313 cb 10.0.11204 11001100 314 cc 10.0.100205 11001101 315 cd 10.0.101206 11001110 316 ce 10.0.110207 11001111 317 cf 10.0.111208 11010000 320 d0 10.0.1000209 11010001 321 d1 10.0.1001210 11010010 322 d2 10.1.0211 11010011 323 d3 10.1.1212 11010100 324 d4 10.1.10213 11010101 325 d5 10.1.11214 11010110 326 d6 10.1.100215 11010111 327 d7 10.1.101216 11011000 330 d8 10.1.110217 11011001 331 d9 10.1.111218 11011010 332 da 10.1.1000219 11011011 333 db 10.1.1001220 11011100 334 dc 10.10.0221 11011101 335 dd 10.10.1222 11011110 336 de 10.10.107

8 ANHANG A. ZAHLENSYSTEME223 11011111 337 df 10.10.11224 11100000 340 e0 10.10.100225 11100001 341 e1 10.10.101226 11100010 342 e2 10.10.110227 11100011 343 e3 10.10.111228 11100100 344 e4 10.10.1000229 11100101 345 e5 10.10.1001230 11100110 346 e6 10.11.0231 11100111 347 e7 10.11.1232 11101000 350 e8 10.11.10233 11101001 351 e9 10.11.11234 11101010 352 ea 10.11.100235 11101011 353 eb 10.11.101236 11101100 354 ec 10.11.110237 11101101 355 ed 10.11.111238 11101110 356 ee 10.11.1000239 11101111 357 ef 10.11.1001240 11110000 360 f0 10.100.0241 11110001 361 f1 10.100.1242 11110010 362 f2 10.100.10243 11110011 363 f3 10.100.11244 11110100 364 f4 10.100.100245 11110101 365 f5 10.100.101246 11110110 366 f6 10.100.110247 11110111 367 f7 10.100.111248 11111000 370 f8 10.100.1000249 11111001 371 f9 10.100.1001250 11111010 372 fa 10.101.0251 11111011 373 fb 10.101.1252 11111100 374 fc 10.101.10253 11111101 375 fd 10.101.11254 11111110 376 fe 10.101.100255 11111111 377 ff 10.101.101

B Zeichensätze undSondertastenB.1 EBCDIC, ASCII, Roman8, IBM-PCDie Zeichensätze sind in den Ein- und Ausgabegeräten (Terminal,Drucker) gespeicherte Tabellen, die die Zeichen in Zahlenund zurück umsetzen.dezimal oktal EBCDIC ASCII-7 Roman8 IBM-PC0 0 nul nul nul nul1 1 soh soh soh Grafik2 2 stx stx stx Grafik3 3 etx etx etx Grafik4 4 pf eot eot Grafik5 5 ht enq enq Grafik6 6 lc ack ack Grafik7 7 del bel bel bel8 10 bs bs Grafik9 11 rlf ht ht ht10 12 smm lf lf lf11 13 vt vt vt home12 14 ff ff ff ff13 15 cr cr cr cr14 16 so so so Grafik15 17 si si si Grafik16 20 dle dle dle Grafik17 21 dc1 dc1 dc1 Grafik18 22 dc2 dc2 dc2 Grafik19 23 dc3 dc3 dc3 Grafik20 24 res dc4 dc4 Grafik21 25 nl nak nak Grafik22 26 bs syn syn Grafik23 27 il etb etb Grafik24 30 can can can Grafik9

10 ANHANG B. ZEICHENSÄTZE UND SONDERTASTEN25 31 em em em Grafik26 32 cc sub sub Grafik27 33 esc esc Grafik28 34 ifs fs fs cur right29 35 igs gs gs cur left30 36 irs rs rs cur up31 37 ius us us cur down32 40 ds space space space33 41 sos ! ! !34 42 fs ” ” ”35 43 # # #36 44 byp $ $ $37 45 lf % % %38 46 etb & & &39 47 esc ’ ’ ’40 50 ( ( (41 51 ) ) )42 52 sm * * *43 53 + + +44 54 , , ,45 55 enq - - -46 56 ack . . .47 57 bel / / /48 60 0 0 049 61 1 1 150 62 syn 2 2 251 63 3 3 352 64 pn 4 4 453 65 rs 5 5 554 66 uc 6 6 655 67 eot 7 7 756 70 8 8 857 71 9 9 958 72 : : :59 73 ; ; ;60 74 dc4 < < > >63 77 sub ? ? ?64 100 space @ @ @

B.1. EBCDIC, ASCII, ROMAN8, IBM-PC 1165 101 A A A66 102 â B B B67 103 ä C C C68 104 à D D D69 105 á E E E70 106 ã F F F71 107 å G G G72 110 ç H H H73 111 ñ I I I74 112 [ J J J75 113 . K K K76 114 < L L L77 115 ( M M M78 116 + N N N79 117 ! O O O80 120 & P P P81 121 é Q Q Q82 122 ê R R R83 123 ë S S S84 124 è T T T85 125 í U U U86 126 î V V V87 127 ï W W W88 130 ì X X X89 131 ß Y Y Y90 132 ] Z Z Z91 133 $ [ [ [92 134 * \ \ \93 135 ) ] ] ]94 136 ; ^ ^ ^95 137 ^ _ _ _96 140 – ‘ ‘ ‘97 141 / a a a98 142 Â b b b99 143 Ä c c c100 144 À d d d101 145 Á e e e102 146 Ã f f f103 147 Å g g g

12 ANHANG B. ZEICHENSÄTZE UND SONDERTASTEN104 150 Ç h h h105 151 Ñ i i i106 152 | j j j107 153 , k k k108 154 % l l l109 155 _ m m m110 156 > n n n111 157 ? o o o112 160 ø p p p113 161 É q q q114 162 Ê r r r115 163 Ë s s s116 164 È t t t117 165 Í u u u118 166 Î v v v119 167 Ï w w w120 170 Ì x x x121 171 ‘ y y y122 172 : z z z123 173 # { { {124 174 @ | | |125 175 ’ } } }126 176 = ~ ~ ~127 177 ” del del Grafik128 200 Ø Ç129 201 a ü130 202 b é131 203 c â132 204 d ä133 205 e à134 206 f å135 207 g ç136 210 h ê137 211 i ë138 212 ≪ è139 213 ≫ ı140 214 î141 215 ý ì142 216 Ä

B.1. EBCDIC, ASCII, ROMAN8, IBM-PC 13143 217 ± Å144 220 É145 221 j œ146 222 k Æ147 223 l ô148 224 m ö149 225 n ò150 226 o û151 227 p ù152 230 q y153 231 r Ö154 232 ā Ü155 233 ō156 234 æ £157 235 – Yen158 236 Æ Pt159 237 f160 240 µ á161 241 ∼ À í162 242 s Â ó163 243 t È ú164 244 u Ê ñ165 245 v Ë Ñ166 246 w Î ā167 247 x Ï ō168 250 y ’ ¿169 251 z ‘ Grafik170 252 ¡ ^ Grafik171 253 ¿ 1/2172 254 ~ 1/4173 255 Ý Ù ¡174 256 Û ≪175 257 ≫176 260 Grafik177 261 £ Grafik178 262 Yen Grafik179 263 ◦ Grafik180 264 f Ç Grafik181 265 § ç Grafik

14 ANHANG B. ZEICHENSÄTZE UND SONDERTASTEN182 266 Ñ Grafik183 267 ñ Grafik184 270 ¡ Grafik185 271 ¿ Grafik186 272 Grafik187 273 | £ Grafik188 274 – Yen Grafik189 275 § Grafik190 276 f Grafik191 277 = Grafik192 300 { â Grafik193 301 A ê Grafik194 302 B ô Grafik195 303 C û Grafik196 304 D á Grafik197 305 E é Grafik198 306 F ó Grafik199 307 G ú Grafik200 310 H à Grafik201 311 I è Grafik202 312 ò Grafik203 313 ô ù Grafik204 314 ö ä Grafik205 315 ò ë Grafik206 316 ó ö Grafik207 317 õ ü Grafik208 320 } Å Grafik209 321 J î Grafik210 322 K Ø Grafik211 323 L Æ Grafik212 324 M å Grafik213 325 N í Grafik214 326 O ø Grafik215 327 P æ Grafik216 330 Q Ä Grafik217 331 R ì Grafik218 332 Ö Grafik219 333 û Ü Grafik220 334 ü É Grafik

B.1. EBCDIC, ASCII, ROMAN8, IBM-PC 15221 335 ù ı Grafik222 336 ú ß Grafik223 337 y Ô Grafik224 340 \ Á α225 341 Ã β226 342 S ã Γ227 343 T π228 344 U Σ229 345 V Í σ230 346 W Ì µ231 347 X Ó τ232 350 Y Ò Φ233 351 Z Õ θ234 352 õ Ω235 353 Ô Š δ236 354 Ö š ∞237 355 Ò Ú Ø238 356 Ó Y ∈239 357 Õ y ∩240 360 0 thorn ≡241 361 1 Thorn ±242 362 2 ≥243 363 3 ≤244 364 4 Haken245 365 5 Haken246 366 6 – ÷247 367 7 1/4 ≈248 370 8 1/2 ◦249 371 9 ā •250 372 ō ·√251 373 Û ≪252 374 Ü ⊔ n253 375 Ù ≫ 2254 376 Ú ± ⊔255 377 (FF)

16 ANHANG B. ZEICHENSÄTZE UND SONDERTASTENB.2 German-ASCIIFalls das Ein- oder Ausgabegerät einen deutschen 7-Bit-ASCII-Zeichensatz enthält, sind folgende Ersetzungen der amerikanischenZeichen durch deutsche Sonderzeichen üblich:Nr. US-Zeichen US-ASCII German ASCII91 linke eckige Klammer [ Ä92 Backslash \ Ö93 rechte eckige Klammer ] Ü123 linke geschweifte Klammer { ä124 senkrechter Strich | ö125 rechte geschweifte Klammer } ü126 Tilde ~ ßAchtung: Der IBM-PC und Ausgabegeräte von Hewlett-Packardverwenden keinen 7-Bit-ASCII-Zeichensatz, sondern eigene 8-Bit-Zeichensätze, die die Sonderzeichen unter Nummern höher127 enthalten, siehe vorhergehende Tabelle.B.3 ASCII-SteuerzeichenDie Steuerzeichen der Zeichensätze dienen der Übermittlungvon Befehlen und Informationen an das empfangende Gerät undnicht der Ausgabe eines sicht- oder druckbaren Zeichens. DieAusgabegeräte kennen in der Regel jedoch einen Modus (transparent,Monitor, Display Functions), in der die Steuerzeichennicht ausgeführt, sondern angezeigt werden. Die meisten Steuerzeichenbelegen keine eigene Taste auf der Tastatur, sondernwerden als Kombination aus der control-Taste und einer Zeichentasteeingegeben. In C/C++ läßt sich jedes Zeichen durchseine oktale Nummer in der Form \123 oder durch seine hexadezimaleNummer in der Form \x53 eingeben (hier das S).dezimal C-Konst. ASCII Bedeutung Tasten0 \x00 nul ASCII-Null control @1 soh Start of heading control a2 stx Start of text control b

B.4. LATIN-1 (ISO 8859-1) 173 etx End of text control c4 eot End of transmission control d5 enq Enquiry control e6 ack Acknowledge control f7 \a bel Bell control g8 \b bs Backspace control h, BS9 \t ht Horizontal tab control i, TAB10 \n lf Line feed control j, LF11 \v vt Vertical tab control k12 \f ff Form feed control l13 \r cr Carriage return control m, RETURN14 so Shift out control n15 si Shift in control o16 dle Data link escape control p17 dc1 Device control 1, xon control q18 dc2 Device control 2, tape control r19 dc3 Device control 3, xoff control s20 dc4 Device control 4, tape control t21 nak Negative acknowledge control u22 syn Synchronous idle control v23 etb End transmission block control w24 can Cancel control x25 em End of medium control y26 sub Substitute control z27 \x1b esc Escape control [, ESC28 fs File separator control \29 gs Group separator control ]30 rs Record separator control ^31 us Unit separator control _127 del Delete DEL, RUBOUTB.4 Latin-1 (ISO 8859-1)Die internationale Norm ISO 8859 beschreibt gegenwärtigzehn Zeichensätze, die jedes Zeichen durch jeweils ein Bytedarstellen. Jeder Zeichensatz umfaßt also maximal 256 druckbareZeichen und Steuerzeichen. Der erste – Latin-1 genannt– ist für west- und mitteleuropäische Sprachen – darunterDeutsch – vorgesehen. Latin-2 deckt Mittel- und Osteuropa

18 ANHANG B. ZEICHENSÄTZE UND SONDERTASTENab, soweit das lateinische Alphabet verwendet wird. Wer einenpolnisch-deutschen Text schreiben will, braucht Latin 2. Diedeutschen Sonderzeichen liegen in Latin 1 bis 6 an denselbenStellen. Weiteres siehe in der ISO-Norm und im RFC 1345Character Mnemonics and Character Sets vom Juni 1992. Auchhttp://wwwwbs.cs.tu-berlin.de/~czyborra/charsets/hilft weiter.Die erste Hälfte (0 – 127) aller Latin-Zeichensätze stimmt mitUS-ASCII überein, die zweite mit keinem der anderen Zeichensätze.Zu jedem Zeichen gehört eine standardisierte verbale Bezeichnung.Einige Zeichen wie das isländische Thorn oder dasCent-Zeichen konnten hier mit LaTeX nicht dargestellt werden.dezimal oktal hex Zeichen Bezeichnung000 000 00 nu Null (nul)001 001 01 sh Start of heading (soh)002 002 02 sx Start of text (stx)003 003 03 ex End of text (etx)004 004 04 et End of transmission (eot)005 005 05 eq Enquiry (enq)006 006 06 ak Acknowledge (ack)007 007 07 bl Bell (bel)008 010 08 bs Backspace (bs)009 011 09 ht Character tabulation (ht)010 012 0a lf Line feed (lf)011 013 0b vt Line tabulation (vt)012 014 0c ff Form feed (ff)013 015 0d cr Carriage return (cr)014 016 0e so Shift out (so)015 017 0f si Shift in (si)016 020 10 dl Datalink escape (dle)017 021 11 d1 Device control one (dc1)018 022 12 d2 Device control two (dc2)019 023 13 d3 Device control three (dc3)020 024 14 d4 Device control four (dc4)021 025 15 nk Negative acknowledge (nak)022 026 16 sy Synchronous idle (syn)023 027 17 eb End of transmission block (etb)024 030 18 cn Cancel (can)

B.4. LATIN-1 (ISO 8859-1) 19025 031 19 em End of medium (em)026 032 1a sb Substitute (sub)027 033 1b ec Escape (esc)028 034 1c fs File separator (is4)029 035 1d gs Group separator (is3)030 036 1e rs Record separator (is2)031 037 1f us Unit separator (is1)032 040 20 sp Space033 041 21 ! Exclamation mark034 042 22 ” Quotation mark035 043 23 # Number sign036 044 24 $ Dollar sign037 045 25 % Percent sign038 046 26 & Ampersand039 047 27 ’ Apostrophe040 050 28 ( Left parenthesis041 051 29 ) Right parenthesis042 052 2a * Asterisk043 053 2b + Plus sign044 054 2c , Comma045 055 2d - Hyphen-Minus046 056 2e . Full stop047 057 2f / Solidus048 060 30 0 Digit zero049 061 31 1 Digit one050 062 32 2 Digit two051 063 33 3 Digit three052 064 34 4 Digit four053 065 35 5 Digit five054 066 36 6 Digit six055 067 37 7 Digit seven056 070 38 8 Digit eight057 071 39 9 Digit nine058 072 3a : Colon059 073 3b ; Semicolon060 074 3c < Less-than sign061 075 3d = Equals sign062 076 3e > Greater-than sign063 077 3f ? Question mark064 100 40 @ Commercial at

20 ANHANG B. ZEICHENSÄTZE UND SONDERTASTEN065 101 41 A Latin capital letter a066 102 42 B Latin capital letter b067 103 43 C Latin capital letter c068 104 44 D Latin capital letter d069 105 45 E Latin capital letter e070 106 46 F Latin capital letter f071 107 47 G Latin capital letter g072 110 48 H Latin capital letter h073 111 49 I Latin capital letter i074 112 4a J Latin capital letter j075 113 4b K Latin capital letter k076 114 4c L Latin capital letter l077 115 4d M Latin capital letter m078 116 4e N Latin capital letter n079 117 4f O Latin capital letter o080 120 50 P Latin capital letter p081 121 51 Q Latin capital letter q082 122 52 R Latin capital letter r083 123 53 S Latin capital letter s084 124 54 T Latin capital letter t085 125 55 U Latin capital letter u086 126 56 V Latin capital letter v087 127 57 W Latin capital letter w088 130 58 X Latin capital letter x089 131 59 Y Latin capital letter y090 132 5a Z Latin capital letter z091 133 5b [ Left square bracket092 134 5c \ Reverse solidus093 135 5d ] Right square bracket094 136 5e ^ Circumflex accent095 137 5f _ Low line096 140 60 ‘ Grave accent097 141 61 a Latin small letter a098 142 62 b Latin small letter b099 143 63 c Latin small letter c100 144 64 d Latin small letter d101 145 65 e Latin small letter e102 146 66 f Latin small letter f103 147 67 g Latin small letter g104 150 68 h Latin small letter h

B.4. LATIN-1 (ISO 8859-1) 21105 151 69 i Latin small letter i106 152 6a j Latin small letter j107 153 6b k Latin small letter k108 154 6c l Latin small letter l109 155 6d m Latin small letter m110 156 6e n Latin small letter n111 157 6f o Latin small letter o112 160 70 p Latin small letter p113 161 71 q Latin small letter q114 162 72 r Latin small letter r115 163 73 s Latin small letter s116 164 74 t Latin small letter t117 165 75 u Latin small letter u118 166 76 v Latin small letter v119 167 77 w Latin small letter w120 170 78 x Latin small letter x121 171 79 y Latin small letter y122 172 7a z Latin small letter z123 173 7b { Left curly bracket124 174 7c | Vertical line125 175 7d } Right curly bracket126 176 7e ~ Tilde127 177 7f dt Delete (del)128 200 80 pa Padding character (pad)129 201 81 ho High octet preset (hop)130 202 82 bh Break permitted here (bph)131 203 83 nh No break here (nbh)132 204 84 in Index (ind)133 205 85 nl Next line (nel)134 206 86 sa Start of selected area (ssa)135 207 87 es End of selected area (esa)136 210 88 hs Character tabulation set (hts)137 211 89 hj Character tabulation with justification (htj)138 212 8a vs Line tabulation set (vts)139 213 8b pd Partial line forward (pld)140 214 8c pu Partial line backward (plu)141 215 8d ri Reverse line feed (ri)142 216 8e s2 Single-shift two (ss2)143 217 8f s3 Single-shift three (ss3)144 220 90 dc Device control string (dcs)

22 ANHANG B. ZEICHENSÄTZE UND SONDERTASTEN145 221 91 p1 Private use one (pu1)146 222 92 p2 Private use two (pu2)147 223 93 ts Set transmit state (sts)148 224 94 cc Cancel character (cch)149 225 95 mw Message waiting (mw)150 226 96 sg Start of guarded area (spa)151 227 97 eg End of guarded area (epa)152 230 98 ss Start of string (sos)153 231 99 gc Single graphic character introducer (sgci)154 232 9a sc Single character introducer (sci)155 233 9b ci Control sequence introducer (csi)156 234 9c st String terminator (st)157 235 9d oc Operating system command (osc)158 236 9e pm Privacy message (pm)159 237 9f ac Application program command (apc)160 240 a0 ns No-break space161 241 a1 ¡ Inverted exclamation mark162 242 a2 Cent sign163 243 a3 £ Pound sign164 244 a4 Currency sign (künftig Euro?)165 245 a5 Yen sign166 246 a6 Broken bar167 247 a7 § Section sign168 250 a8 Diaresis169 251 a9 © Copyright sign170 252 aaaFeminine ordinal indicator171 253 ab ≪ Left-pointing double angle quotation mark172 254 ac ¬ Not sign173 255 ad - Soft hyphen174 256 ae Registered sign175 257 af ¯ Overline176 260 b0◦Degree sign177 261 b1 ± Plus-minus sign178 262 b22Superscript two179 263 b33Superscript three180 264 b4 ’ Acute accent181 265 b5 µ Micro sign182 266 b6 Pilcrow sign183 267 b7 · Middle dot184 270 b8 ¸ Cedilla

B.4. LATIN-1 (ISO 8859-1) 23185 271 b91Superscript one186 272 ba◦Masculine ordinal indicator187 273 bb ≫ Right-pointing double angle quotation mark188 274 bc 1/4 Vulgar fraction one quarter189 275 bd 1/2 Vulgar fraction one half190 276 be 3/4 Vulgar fraction three quarters191 277 bf ¿ Inverted question mark192 300 c0 À Latin capital letter a with grave193 301 c1 Á Latin capital letter a with acute194 302 c2 Â Latin capital letter a with circumflex195 303 c3 Ã Latin capital letter a with tilde196 304 c4 Ä Latin capital letter a with diaresis197 305 c5 Å Latin capital letter a with ring above198 306 c6 Æ Latin capital letter ae199 307 c7 Ç Latin capital letter c with cedilla200 310 c8 È Latin capital letter e with grave201 311 c9 É Latin capital letter e with acute202 312 ca Ê Latin capital letter e with circumflex203 313 cb Ë Latin capital letter e with diaresis204 314 cc Ì Latin capital letter i with grave205 315 cd Í Latin capital letter i with acute206 316 ce Î Latin capital letter i with circumflex207 317 cf Ï Latin capital letter i with diaresis208 320 d0 Latin capital letter eth (Icelandic)209 321 d1 Ñ Latin capital letter n with tilde210 322 d2 Ò Latin capital letter o with grave211 323 d3 Ó Latin capital letter o with acute212 324 d4 Ô Latin capital letter o with circumflex213 325 d5 Õ Latin capital letter o with tilde214 326 d6 Ö Latin capital letter o with diaresis215 327 d7 × Multiplication sign216 330 d8 Ø Latin capital letter o with stroke217 331 d9 Ù Latin capital letter u with grave218 332 da Ú Latin capital letter u with acute219 333 db Û Latin capital letter u with circumflex220 334 dc Ü Latin capital letter u with diaresis221 335 dd Ý Latin capital letter y with acute222 336 de Latin capital letter thorn (Icelandic)

24 ANHANG B. ZEICHENSÄTZE UND SONDERTASTEN223 337 df ß Latin small letter sharp s (German)224 340 e0 à Latin small letter a with grave225 341 e1 á Latin small letter a with acute226 342 e2 â Latin small letter a with circumflex227 343 e3 ã Latin small letter a with tilde228 344 e4 ä Latin small letter a with diaresis229 345 e5 å Latin small letter a with ring above230 346 e6 æ Latin small letter ae231 347 e7 ç Latin small letter c with cedilla232 350 e8 è Latin small letter e with grave233 351 e9 é Latin small letter e with acute234 352 ea ê Latin small letter e with circumflex235 353 eb ë Latin small letter e with diaresis236 354 ec ì Latin small letter i with grave237 355 ed í Latin small letter i with acute238 356 ee î Latin small letter i with circumflex239 357 ef ï Latin small letter i with diaresis240 360 f0 Latin small letter eth (Icelandic)241 361 f1 ñ Latin small letter n with tilde242 362 f2 ò Latin small letter o with grave243 363 f3 ó Latin small letter o with acute244 364 f4 ô Latin small letter o with circumflex245 365 f5 õ Latin small letter o with tilde246 366 f6 ö Latin small letter o with diaresis247 367 f7 ÷ Division sign248 370 f8 ø Latin small letter o with stroke249 371 f9 ù Latin small letter u with grave250 372 fa ú Latin small letter u with acute251 373 fb û Latin small letter u with circumflex252 374 fc ü Latin small letter u with diaresis253 375 fd ý Latin small letter y with acute254 376 fe Latin small letter thorn (Icelandic)255 377 ff ÿ Latin small letter y with diaresisB.5 Latin-2 (ISO 8859-2)Der Zeichensatz Latin-2 deckt folgende Sprachen ab: Albanisch,Bosnisch, Deutsch, Englisch, Finnisch, Irisch, Kroatisch, Polnisch,Rumänisch, Serbisch (in lateinischer Transskription), Ser-

B.5. LATIN-2 (ISO 8859-2) 25bokroatisch, Slowakisch, Slowenisch, Sorbisch, Tschechisch undUngarisch. Samisch wird in Latin-9 berücksichtigt. Auf:http://sizif.mf.uni-lj.si/linux/cee/iso8859-2.htmlfinden sich Einzelheiten und weitere URLs. Hier nur die Zeichen,die von Latin-1 abweichen:dezimal oktal hex Zeichen Bezeichnung161 241 a1 Latin capital letter a with ogonek162 242 a2 Breve163 243 a3 Ł Latin capital letter l with stroke165 245 a5 L’ Latin capital letter l with caron166 246 a6 Ś Latin capital letter s with acute169 251 a9 Š Latin capital letter s with caron170 252 aa Ş Latin capital letter s with cedilla171 253 ab Ť Latin capital letter t with caron172 254 ac Ź Latin capital letter z with acute174 256 ae Ž Latin capital letter z with caron175 257 af Ż Latin capital letter z with dot above177 261 b1 Latin small letter a with ogonek178 262 b2 Ogonek (Schwänzchen)179 263 b3 ł Latin small letter l with stroke181 265 b5 Latin small letter l with caron182 266 b6 Latin small letter s with acute183 267 b7 Caron185 271 b9 Latin small letter s with caron186 272 ba Latin small letter s with cedilla187 273 bb Latin small letter t with caron188 274 bc Latin small letter z with acute189 275 bd Double acute accent190 276 be Latin small letter z with caron191 277 bf Latin small letter z with dot above192 300 c0 Latin capital letter r with acute195 303 c3 Latin capital letter a with breve197 305 c5 Latin capital letter l with acute198 306 c6 Latin capital letter c with acute200 310 c8 Latin capital letter c with caron202 312 ca Latin capital letter e with ogonek204 314 cc Latin capital letter e with caron

26 ANHANG B. ZEICHENSÄTZE UND SONDERTASTEN207 317 cf Latin capital letter d with caron208 320 d0 Latin capital letter d with stroke209 321 d1 Latin capital letter n with acute210 322 d2 Latin capital letter n with caron213 325 d5 Latin capital letter o with double acute216 330 d8 Latin capital letter r with caron217 331 d9 Latin capital letter u with ring above219 333 db Latin capital letter u with double acute222 336 de Latin capital letter t with cedilla224 340 e0 Latin small letter r with acute227 343 e3 Latin small letter a with breve229 345 e5 Latin small letter l with acute230 346 e6 Latin small letter c with acute232 350 e8 Latin small letter c with caron234 352 ea Latin small letter e with ogonek236 354 ec Latin small letter e with caron239 357 ef Latin small letter d with caron240 360 f0 Latin small letter d with stroke241 361 f1 Latin small letter n with acute242 362 f2 Latin small letter n with caron245 365 f5 Latin small letter o with double acute248 370 f8 Latin small letter r with caron249 371 f9 Latin small letter u with ring above251 373 fb Latin small letter u with double acute254 376 fe Latin small letter t with cedilla255 377 ff Dot aboveB.6 HTML-EntitiesHTML-Entities sind eine Ersatzschreibweise für Zeichen, dienicht direkt in HTML-Text eingegeben werden können. Zu diesenZeichen gehören:• Sonderzeichen außerhalb des US-ASCII-Zeichensatzes(Umlaute),• Zeichen, die eine besondere Bedeutung in HTML haben (&,

B.6. HTML-ENTITIES 27• die dezimale oder hexadezimale Nummer des Zeichens imZeichensatz,• eine Umschreibung mit ASCII-Zeichen.Soweit die Zeichen im Latin-1-Zeichensatz enthalten sind, könnendie dort angegebenen Nummern verwendet werden. Dievollständige Tabelle entnimmt man am einfachsten der HTML-Spezifikation. Hier nur die häufigsten Zeichen:dezimal hex char ent Zeichen Bezeichnung& & & & ampersand< L < < less-than sign> N > > greater-than sign non-breaking space¡ ¡ ¡ ¡ inverted exclamation mark£ £ £ £ pound sign© © © © copyright sign« « « ≪ left pointing guillemet soft or dicretionary hyphen® ® ® registered sign° ° &deg;◦degree sign± ± ± ± plus-minus sign² ² ²2superscript two³ ³ ³3superscript threeµ µ µ µ micro sign» » » ≫ right pointing guillemet½ ½ ½ 1/2 fraction one halfÀ À À À latin capital letter A with graveÁ Á Á Á latin capital letter A with acuteÂ Â Â Â latin capital letter A with circumfleÃ Ã &Atilde; Ã latin capital letter A with tildeÄ Ä Ä Ä latin capital letter A with diaresisÅ Å Å Å latin capital letter A with ring abovÆ Æ Æ Æ latin capital ligature AEÇ Ç Ç Ç latin capital letter C with cedillaÑ Ñ &Ntilde; Ñ latin capital letter N with tildeØ Ø Ø Ø latin capital letter O with strokeß ß ß ß latin small letter sharp së ë ë ë latin small letter e with diaresis

28 ANHANG B. ZEICHENSÄTZE UND SONDERTASTENñ ð &ntilde; ñ latin small letter n with tildeB.7 SondertastenComputertastaturen weisen im Vergleich zu den Tastaturen herkömmlicherSchreibmaschinen einige Tasten zusätzlich auf –mit besonderen Bedeutungen. Obwohl die PC-Tastatur (MF-2)weit verbreitet ist, gibt es eine Vielzahl abweichender Tastaturen.Die Wirkung, die von einer Taste ausgelöst wird, hängt inden meisten Fällen von der Software ab, lässt sich daher nichtallgemein angeben und kann von Programm zu Programm variieren.Typische Beispiele sind die Funktionstasten, aber auchfast alle anderen Tasten lassen sich umprogrammieren. In derfolgenden Tabelle werden die wichtigsten Sondertasten aufgeführt:DÜZDatenübertragung zeilenweiseACKAcknowledgeAlphaLockwie Caps LockAlt Alt AlternateAltGr AltGr Alternate graphic(s)BackTabBS, Backspace Rücktaste einen Schritt zurückBEL Glocke, ASCII-Nr. 7Break Untbr Signal SIGINT, Signal Nr. 2CANCancelCaps Lock Feststelltaste Umschaltung feststellenCBTCursor back tabCE, ClearEntryCharDelLösche ZeichenCharInsertFüge Zeichen vor Cursor einClearSpaceCRCarriage return, Wagenrücklauf,ASCII-Nr. 13Ctrl Strg Control, SteuerungCUBCursor backCUDCursor downCUFCursor forwardCUUCursor up

B.7. SONDERTASTEN 29DCHDelete characterDC1 Device control 1, ASCII-Nr. 17DC2 Device control 2, ASCII-Nr. 18DC3 Device control 3, ASCII-Nr. 19DC4 Device control 4, ASCII-Nr. 20Dead Keys Tod-Tasten, T. für diakritische Zeichen,Akzent-Tasten Akzente ohne ZeichenvorschubDEL, Delete Entf Zeichen entfernen, löschenDLDelete lineDLEData link enableDown Pfeil abwärts Cursor abwärtsEMEnd of mediaEnd Ende Cursor zum SeitenendeENQEnquiryEnter Zeilenwechsel Eingabe vollziehenEOTEnd of transmissionEsc Escape Escape, Fluchtsymbol, ASCII-Nr. 27ETBEnd of transaction blockETXEnd of textExtCharF1 F1 Funktionstaste 1 usw.FF Form feed, Blattvorschub, ASCII-Nr. 12Functähnlich wie CtrlHome Pos1 Cursor zum SeitenanfangHTHorizontal tabINS, Insert Einfg Zeichen vor Cursor einfügenIS1 Information separator 1IS2 Information separator 2IS3 Information separator 3IS4 Information separator 4Left Pfeil links Cursor nach linksLF Line feed, ASCII-Nr. 10LineDelLösche ZeileLineEraseLösche Zeile ab CursorLineFeedwie DownLineInsFüge Zeile oberhalb Cursor einLocEscLocal EscapeNAKNot acknowledgeNoScrollHält Bildschirm anNumLock Num Number lock key

30 ANHANG B. ZEICHENSÄTZE UND SONDERTASTENPageNächste Seite des SpeichersPage Down Bild abwärts Nächste Seite des SpeichersPageEraseSeite löschenPage Up Bild aufwärts Vorige Seite des SpeichersPause Pause PausePFKProgram Function KeyPrevWinPrevious windowPrintScreen Druck Hardcopy des BildschirmsResetSetzt Terminal zurückReturn Zeilenwechsel Zeilenwechsel, Eingabe vollziehenRight Pfeil rechts Cursor nach rechtsRuboutZeichen löschen, wie DELScrollLock Rollen Hält Bildschirm anSendSende Seite zum ComputerSetupZeigt Konfiguration anShift Umschaltung Umschaltung groß-kleinSpace Leertaste ASCII-Nr. 32, LeerschrittSOHStart of headerSUB Substitute character, ASCII-Nr. 26SYNSynch idleSysRq S-Abf System request, System-AnfrageTab Tab (Horizontal-)TabulatorUp Pfeil aufwärts Cursor nach obenDaneben finden sich auf den Tastaturen einzelner Herstellernoch Tasten mit angebissenen Äpfeln, fliegenden Fenstern unddergleichen.

CTypografische MaßeC.1 PapierformateIn der EDV sind folgende Papierformate gebräuchlich (Ein Zoll(inch) sind 25,4 mm oder 72 Punkte):• DIN A3 Blattgröße 297 mm x 420 mm entsprechend 842 px 1190 p.• DIN A4 Blattgröße 210 mm x 297 mm entsprechend 595 px 842 p, näherungsweise 8 Zoll x 12 Zoll.• Briefumschlag DIN lang 110 mm x 220 mm• Tabellierpapier schmal Blattgröße einschließlichLochrand 240 mm x 305 mm, ohne Lochrand 210 mmx 305 mm, also annähernd DIN A4. 305 mm sind 12 Zoll.• Tabellierpapier breit Blattgröße einschließlich Lochrand375 mm x 305 mm.Bei 10 Zeichen/Zoll faßt die Zeile 132 Zeichen, bei 12 Zeichen/Zoll158 Zeichen, bei 15 Zeichen/Zoll 198 Zeichen.• Executive amerikanisch, Blattgröße 7.25 Zoll x 10.5 Zoll(184,2 mm x 266,7 mm) entsprechend 540 p x 720 p.• Ledger amerikanisch, Blattgröße 17 Zoll x 11 Zoll(431,8 mm x 279,4 mm) entsprechend 1224 p x 792 p, Querformat.• Legal amerikanisch, Blattgröße 8.5 Zoll x 14 Zoll(215,9 mm x 355,6 mm) entsprechend 612 p x 1008 p.• Letter amerikanisch, Blattgröße 8.5 Zoll x 11 Zoll(215,9 mm x 279,4 mm) entsprechend 612 p x 792 p,Schreibmaschinenpapier.• Tabloid amerikanisch, Blattgröße 11 Zoll x 17 Zoll(279,4 mm x 431,8 mm) entsprechend 792 p x 1224 p.Es ist zwischen der Blattgröße, der Größe des adressierbarenBereichs (logische Seite) und der Größe des beschreibbaren Bereichszu unterscheiden. Näheres beispielsweise im HP PCL 531

32 ANHANG C. TYPOGRAFISCHE MASSEPrinter Language Technical Reference Manual (das leider nichtzum Lieferumfang der HP Laserdrucker gehört, für die System-Manager aber äußerst wichtig ist).C.2 SchriftgrößenBei den Schriftgrößen oder -graden finden sich mehrere Maßsysteme.In Mitteleuropa ist traditionell das aus dem Bleisatzstammende Punktsystem nach FRANÇOIS AMBROISE DIDOT gebräuchlich,das die Höhe der Schrifttype (nicht des Buchstabens)angibt. Es geht auf den französischen Fuß zurück; ein Punkt warfrüher 0,376 mm, heute ist er in Angleichung an das metrischeSystem 0,375 mm. Die wichtigsten Größen werden auch mit eigenenNamen bezeichnet (12 pt = Cicero). Die untere Grenze derLesbarkeit liegt bei 9 pt, optimal sind 12 pt.Auf englische Füße geht das Pica-System zurück, in dem 1Pica gleich 12 Points oder 4,216 mm (1/6 Zoll) ist. Hiervon abgeleitetist das IBM-Pica-System, in dem Pica eine Schrift mit6 Zeilen pro Zoll und 10 Zeichen pro Zoll ist. Elite bedeutet 12Zeichen pro Zoll bei gleichem Zeilenabstand.Auf deutschen Schreibmaschinen war Pica eine Schriftart mit2,6 mm Schrittweite (etwa 10 Zeichen pro Zoll) und Perl eineSchriftart mit 2,3 mm Schrittweite.

DFarbenD.1 RGB-FarbwerteD.2 X11-FarbenEine Auswahl der von X11 verwendeten Farben. Die vollständigeListe ist in /etc/X11/rgb.txt, /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/rgb.txt oder /usr/lib/x11/rgb.txt zu finden. Mittels showrgbwerden die Farben mit ihren Zahlenwerten (RGB-Tripletts) aufgelistet.Das Kommando xcolors stellt in einem großen Fensteralle Farben gleichzeitig samt ihren Bezeichnungen dar, das Kommandoxcolorsel in einem kleinen Fenster einen Ausschnittsamt Hexwerten und Bezeichnungen. Die tatsächliche Farbdarstellunghängt vom Bildschirm bzw. Drucker ab, deshalb sind dieFarbmuster nur als Orientierungshilfe zu verstehen.X11 stellt auch Farben dar, die nicht in dieser Liste genanntsind. Darüber hinaus kann sich ein Benutzer mit einem Farbeditoreigene Farben für X11 mischen. Nach dem RGB-Modell arbeitenxcolmix (Debian) und xcoloredit, zu holen bei http://freebsd.home4u.ch/de/ oder ftp://export.lcs.mit.edu/R5contrib/. Ein durchschnittlicher Benutzer kommt jedochmit den vorgefertigten Farben aus.Farbe Colour RGB-Vektor Hex, 8bittigweiß white 255,255,255 #ffffffgelb yellow 255,255,0 #ffff00fuchsienrot magenta1 255,0,255 #ff00ffcyan cyan1 0,255,255 #00ffffrot red 255,0,0 #ff0000maigrün green 0,255,0 #00ff00blau blue1 0,0,255 #0000ffgrau grey52 133,133,133 #868686olivgrün olive drab 107,142,35 #698e20purpur purple 160,32,240 #9e20ef33

34 ANHANG D. FARBENdunkelgrün green4 0,139,0 #008a00kastanienbraun maroon 176,48,96 #ae3061grün green 0,255,0 #00ff00marineblau navy blue 0,0,128 #000086lachsrot salmon 250,128,114 #f78271dunkelrosa hot pink 255,105,180 #ff69b6dunkelorange dark orange 255,140,0 #ff8e00königsblau royal blue 65,105,225 #4169dfaltweiß antique white 250,235,215 #f7ebd7ocker navajo white 255,222,173 #ffdfaehellgrau light grey 211,211,211 #cfd3cfschwarz black 0,0,0 #000000D.3 HTML-FarbenEine Auswahl von Farben nach dem RGB-Farbmodell, ihrenBezeichnungen und ihren Hex-Codes, wie sie in HTML-Seitenverwendet werden. Die ersten 16 Farben können auf Webseitenüber ihre englische Bezeichnung angesprochen werden; dieHex-Codes sollten immer richtig verstanden werden. Weiteresunter http:\\www.htmlhelp.com/cgi-bin/color.cgi oderhttp://www.seifert-web.de/info/bgclick.htm.Farbe Colour Hex Codeweiß white #ffffffschwarz black #000000gelb yellow #ffff00fuchsienrot magenta, fuchsia #ff00ffcyan cyan, aqua #00ffffrot red #ff0000maigrün lime #00ff00blau blue #0000ffgrau gray #808080olivgrün olive #808000purpur purple #800080dunkelgrün teal #008080kastanienbraun maroon #800000grün green #008000

D.3. HTML-FARBEN 35marineblau navy #000080silbern silver #c0c0c0lachsrot salmon #fa8072dunkelrosa hot pink #ff69b4dunkel orange dark orange #ff8c00königsblau royal blue #4169e1ocker navajo white #ffdead

E Hypertext Markup Language(HTML)An Hand einer einfachen Webseite – verfasst nach der Spezifikationvon HTML 4.0 – wird die Verwendung von HTML erläutert.Die Seite ist von mehreren Programmen getestet und hat keineFehlermeldungen erzeugt.

Telefon +49 721 608 2404 (dienstlich)Email from 37

38 ANHANG E. HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE (HTML)Die erste Zeile nennt die Document Type Declaration. Sie kannvon Testprogrammen wie tidy automatisch hinzugefügt werden.Dann folgt das eigentliche HTML-Dokument von bis . Es gliedert sich in den Kopf von bis und den Rumpf von bis .Im Kopf steht der Titel (keine Sonderzeichen!) von bis , der auf dem Rahmen des Brauser-Fensters angezeigtwird. Dann folgen Meta-Informationen für Brauser undSuchmaschinen. Die Information über den Content-Type ist obligatorisch,der Rest optional.Im Rumpf wird zunächst ein Bild (Logo) im gif-Format eingebunden.Für Fotos empfiehlt sich das jpg-Format. Dann folgt eineÜberschrift (Headline) dritter Stufe, die beiden obersten Stufenwerden hier nicht verwendet. ist eine horizontale Trennlinie(horizontal ruler), ein Zeilenumbruch (line break) zusätzlichzu denen, die der Brauser von sich aus vornimmt.Die Email-Anschrift ist in Form eines anklickbaren Hyperlinkszwischen und angegeben. Der öffnende Tag enthält ein Attribut, nämlich den URL, der beim Anklicken angesprochenwerden soll.Die Arbeitsgebiete sind in Form einer Auflistung (unorderedlist) zwischen und dargestellt. Die einzelnen Elementestehen zwischen und . Es gibt auch Aufzählungen(ordered lists, OL).Der auf die Bibliothek weisende Hyperlink ruft auf demWebserver ein cgi-Programm auf, das etwas tut und das Ergebnisdem Webserver zwecks Übertragung zum Brauser mitteilt.Die Information, die der Leser beim Anklicken dieses Hyperlinkserhält, wird also bei Bedarf zusammengestellt, sie ist dynamisch.Im vorliegenden Fall stammt sie auf Umwegen aus einer Datenbank.Gegen Ende werden der URL der vorliegenden Seite, das Datumder jüngsten Änderung und die Anschrift des zuständigenWebmasters angegeben. Das gehört sich so und fehlt oft.Die letzten drei Zeilen im Rumpf rufen Server Side Includesauf. Das sind wieder dynamische Informationen, die der Servernach Bedarf einfügt, jedoch ohne Hilfe eines anderen Programmes.Nicht unbedingt erforderlich, aber hier und da nützlich.

Dieses Beispiel soll zeigen, dass eine einfache Webseite keinehöheren Programmierkenntnisse erfordert. Wenn Sie sich dannnoch aus dem Netz oder im Buchhandel eine gute Einführung inHTML besorgen, sind Sie für Ihren Auftritt im WWW gerüstet.Später sollten Sie sich noch vom W3C die HTML-Spezifikationholen, zum Nachschlagen.39

F Die wichtigstenUNIX-KommandosEinzelheiten siehe Online-Referenz-Handbuch. Das wichtigsteKommando zuerst, die übrigen nach Sachgebiet und dann alphabetischgeordnet:man man Beschreibung zum Kommando man(1) ausgebenman -k time man-Seiten zum Stichwort time auflistenapropos timeman-Seiten zum Stichwort time auflistenAllgemeinesalias Alias in der Shell einrichtenalias r=’fc -e -’atProgramm zu einem beliebigen Zeitpunkt startenat 0815 Jan 24programEOF (meist control-d)bdf, df, du Plattenbelegung ermittelndfdu .calendar Terminverwaltung (Reminder Service)(Datei $HOME/calendar muß existieren)calendarcrontab Tabelle für cron erzeugencrontab crontabfiledate Datum und Zeit anzeigendateecho, print Argument auf stdout schreibenecho ’Hallo, wie gehts?’exit Shell beendenexitkill Signal an Prozess sendenkill process_idkill -s SIGHUP process_idleave an Feierabend erinnern40

leave 2215lock Terminal sperrenlocknewgrp Benutzergruppe wechselnnewgrp studentnice Priorität eines Programmes herabsetzennice programnohup Programm von Sitzung abkoppelnnohup program &passwd Passwort ändernpasswdyppasswd (in NIS-Clustern)pslaufende Prozesse anzeigenps -efscript Sitzung mitschreibenscript (beenden mit exit)setUmgebung anzeigensetsh, ksh, bashShells (Bourne, Korn, Bash)bashstty Terminal-Schnittstelle anzeigensttysuUsernamen wechseln (substituieren)su bjalex1tset, reset Terminal initialisierentset vt100ttyTerminalnamen (/dev/tty*) anzeigenttywhoeingeloggte Benutzer auflistenwho -Hwhoami, id meinen Namen anzeigenidxargs Argumentliste aufbauen und Kommando ausführenls | xargs -i -t mv {} subdir/{}Dateien, Verzeichnisse41cdArbeitsverzeichnis wechselncdcd /usr/local/bin

42 ANHANG F. DIE WICHTIGSTEN UNIX-KOMMANDOSchgrp Gruppe einer Datei wechselnchgrp students filechmod Zugriffsrechte einel Datei ändernchmod 755 filechown Besitzer einer Datei wechselnchown aralex1 filecmp, diff zwei Dateien vergleichencmp file1 file2compress Datei komprimierencompress fileuncompress file.ZcpDatei kopierencp original kopiefile Dateityp ermittelnfile filefind, whereisDateien suchenfind . -name file -printgzip Datei komprimieren (GNU)gzip filegunzip file.gzlnDatei linkenln file hardlinknameln -s file softlinknamelsVerzeichnisse auflistenls -alls -l /usr/localmkdir Verzeichnis anlegenmkdir newdirmvDatei verschieben oder umbenennenmv oldfilename newfilenameod(oktalen) Dump einer Datei ausgebenod -c filepwdArbeitsverzeichnis anzeigenpwdrm, rmdir Datei oder leeres Verzeichnis löschenrm filerm -r dir (rekursiv)rmdir dirtarDatei-Archiv schreiben oder lesentar -cf /dev/st0 ./dir &

43touchleere Datei erzeugen, Zeitstempel änderntouch fileKommunikation, Netzftphostnameirckermitmail,elm,muttnetscapenewsnslookuppingsshrlogintelnettin, xnuucpwhoisDatei Transferftp ftp.ciw.uni-karlsruhe.deHostnamen anzeigenhostnameNetzgeschwätzirc (beenden mit /quit)Datei übertragen, auch von/zu Nicht-UNIX-Anlagenkermit (beenden mit exit)Mail lesen und versendenmail wulf.alex@mvm.uni-karlsruhe.de < fileelmmuttWWW-Browser (einer unter vielen)netscape &Neuigkeiten anzeigennews -aAuskunft über Hostnslookup mvmpc100.ciw.uni-kalrsuhe.denslookup 129.13.118.100Verbindung prüfenping 129.13.118.100verschlüsselte Verbindung zu Host im Netzssh mvmpc100.ciw.uni-karlsruhe.deDialog mit UNIX-Host im Netz (unverschlüsselt)rlogin mvmpc100Dialog mit Host im Netz (unverschlüsselt)telent mvmpc100NewsreaderrtinProgrammpaket mit UNIX-NetzdienstenAuskunft über Netzknotenwhois -h whois.internic.net gatekeeper.dec.cowrite, talk Dialog mit eingeloggtem Benutzertalk wualex1@mvmpc100

44 ANHANG F. DIE WICHTIGSTEN UNIX-KOMMANDOSProgrammierenarcbcccicolintmakesdb, xdbGruppe von files archivierenar -r archiv.a file1 file2C-Beautifier, Quelle verschönerncb prog.c > prog.bC-Compiler mit Linkercc -o prog prog.ceinchecken in das RCS-Systemci mysource.causchecken aus dem RCS-Systemco -l mysource.cC-Syntax-Prüferlint prog.cCompileraufruf vereinfachenmake (Makefile erforderlich)symbolischer Debuggerxdb (einige Dateien erforderlich)Textverarbeitungadjust Text formatieren (einfachst)adjust -j -m60 textfileawkListengeneratorawk -f awkscript textfile (awk-Script erforderlich)cancel Druckauftrag löschencancel lp-4711catvon stdin lesen, nach stdout schreibencat textfilecat file1 file2 > file.allcat textfilecutSpalten aus Tabellen auswählencut -f1 tablefile > newfileedZeileneditor, mit diff(1) nützliched textfileemacs Editor, alternativ zum vi(1) (GNU)emacs textfileexpand Tabs ins Spaces umwandelnexpand textfile > newfilegrep, fgrep Muster in Dateien suchen

grep -i Unix textfilefgrep UNIX textfilehead, tail Anfang bzw. Ende eines Textfiles anzeigenhead textfilelp, lpr Datei über Spooler ausdruckenlp -dlp2 textfilelpr -Plp2 textfilelpstat, lpq Spoolerstatus anzeigenlpstat -tmore, less Textfile schirmweise anzeigenmore textfilels -l | morenroff Textformatierernroff nrofffile | lprecode Filter zur Umwandlung von Zeichensätzen (GNU)recode --helprecode -lrecode -v ascii-bs:EBCDIC-IBM textfilesedfilternder Editorsed ’s/[A-Z]/[a-z]/g’ textfile > newfilesort Textfile zeilenweise sortierensort liste | uniq > newfilespell Rechtschreibung prüfenspell spelling textfile+teestdout zugleich in eine Datei schreibenwho | tee whofiletrZeichen in Textfile ersetzentr -d "\015" < textfile1 > textfile2uniq sortiertes Textfile nach doppelten Zeilen durchsuchensort liste | uniq > newfileviBildschirm-Editor, alternativ zum emacs(1)vi textfileview vi(1) nur zum Lesen aufrufenview textfilevisDateien mit Steuersequenzen anzeigenvis textfilewcZeichen, Wörter und Zeilen zählenwc textfile45

G Vergleich UNIX –DOS-KommandosDer Vergleich bezieht sich auf Microsoft DOS 5.0 und UNIX V.3.Eine hundertprozentige Übereinstimmung in der Wirkung istselten. Die Syntax der Kommandos ist immer verschieden.Optionen werden in UNIX durch –, in MS-DOS durch / eingeleitet.Die Verzeichnisse eines vollen Pfadnamens werden inUNIX durch /, in MS-DOS durch \ getrennt.In UNIX arbeitet man stets mit einem einzigen File-System;in MS-DOS hat jeder Datenträger (Diskette, Platte) sein eigenesFile-System. Die Kommandos zum Behandeln der File-Systemekönnen daher keine Äquivalente haben.UNIX MS-DOS Wirkungcat, pg type zeigt File auf Bildschirm ancd cd wechselt Arbeitsverzeichnischmod attrib ändert Fileattributeclear cls löscht Bildschirmcmp comp, fc vergleicht zwei Filescp copy, xcopy kopiert Filedate date zeigt Datum andate time zeigt Uhrzeit anexit exit verläßt Kommandointerpretergrep find sucht String in Filelp print schickt File zum Druckerlpr print schickt File zum Druckerls dir listet Verzeichnis aufmkdir mkdir legt Verzeichnis anmore more zeigt File bildschirmweise anmv ren benennt File umpwd cd zeigt Arbeitsverzeichnisrm del löscht Filermdir rmdir löscht leeres Verzeichnissh command ruft Kommandointerpreter aufsort sort sortiert File zeilenweise46

47Wer mit beiden Betriebssystemen arbeitet, möchte vielleichtauf beiden Systemen die häufigsten Kommandos beider Systemezur Verfügung haben, um nicht ständig umdenken zu müssen.Unter UNIX ist das mithilfe des link-Kommandos ln(1) mit geringemAufwand zu erreichen. Man linkt beispielsweise das MS-DOS-Kommando copy auf das UNIX-Kommando cp(1), zweckmäßigim selben Verzeichnis: ln /bin/cp /bin/copy. Ein Aliasleistet für einen einzelnen Benutzer denselben Dienst undläßt sich auch für interne Kommandos einrichten.Diese Möglichkeit gibt es unter MS-DOS nicht. Man kannnur ein Batch-File mit dem Namen des UNIX-Kommandosschreiben, das das MS-DOS-Kommando aufruft, beispielsweisecp.bat:@echo offc:dos\copy %1 %2 /vSeit MS-DOS 5.0 lassen sich mittels doskey auch Aliases einrichten.Es gibt außerdem von vielen UNIX-Kommandos Ausführungen,die unter MS-DOS laufen, siehe Abschnitt ?? MKS-Tools und andere. Insbesondere gibt es den Editor vi(1) unterdem Namen vim und den Archivierer tar(1) auch für DOS.Umlenkungen (>,

H BesondereUNIX-KommandosH.1 vi(1)Kommando Wirkungescschaltet in Kommando-Modus umhCursor nach linksjCursor nach untenkCursor nach obenlCursor nach rechts0 Cursor an Zeilenanfang$ Cursor an ZeilenendenGCursor in Zeile Nr. nGCursor in letzte Zeile des Textesn+ Cursor n Zeilen vorwärtsn- Cursor n Zeilen rückwärtsaschreibe anschließend an Cursorischreibe vor Cursoroöffne neue Zeile unterhalb CursorOöffne neue Zeile oberhalb Cursorrersetze das Zeichen auf CursorRersetze Text ab Cursorxlösche das Zeichen auf Cursorddlösche Cursorzeilenddlösche n Zeilen ab und samt CursorzeilenYübernimm n Zeilen in Zwischenspeicherpschreibe Zwischenpuffer unterhalb CursorzeilePschreibe Zwischenpuffer oberhalb CursorzeileJhänge nächste Zeile an laufende an/abcsuche String abc nach Cursor?abcsuche String abc vor Cursornwiederhole Stringsucheumache letztes Kommando ungültig (undo)% suche Gegenklammer (in Programmen)48

H.2. EMACS(1) 49:read file lies file ein:w schreibe Text zurück (write, save):q verlasse Editor ohne write (quit):wqwrite und quitWeitere vi-Kommandos im Referenz-Handbuch unter vi(1), inverschiedenen Hilfen im Netz oder in dem Buch von MORRIS I.BOLSKY.H.2 emacs(1)Der emacs(1) kennt keine Modi, die Kommandos werden durchbesondere Tastenkombinationen erzeugt. control h, t bedeutet:zuerst die Tastenkombination control h eintippen, loslassen,dann t eintippen. Die Mächtigkeit des Emacs zeigt sich daran,daß nicht ein Hilfefenster angeboten wird, sondern ein ganzesTutorial.Kommandoemacs filenamecontrol h, tcontrol h, icontrol x, control scontrol x, control xWirkungAufruf zum Editieren des Files filenameTutorialManualsText speichernText speichern, Editor verlassenWeitere emacs-Kommandos im Tutorial, im Referenz-Handbuchunter emacs(1), in verschiedenen Hilfen im Netz oder in demBuch von D. CAMERON und B. ROSENBLATT.H.3 joe(1)Der joe(1) kennt keine Modi, die Kommandos werden durchbesondere Tastenkombinationen erzeugt. control k, h bedeutet:zuerst die Tastenkombination control k eintippen, loslassen,dann h eintippen.KommandoWirkung

50 ANHANG H. BESONDERE UNIX-KOMMANDOSjoe filenamecontrol k, hcontrol k, xcontrol cAufruf zum Editieren des Files filenameHilfe anzeigenText speichern, Editor verlassenEditor ohne Speichern verlassenWeitere joe-Kommandos im Hilfefenster, im Referenz-Handbuch unter joe(1) oder in verschiedenen Hilfen imNetz.H.4 DruckenIn der UNIX-Welt gibt es mehrere Systeme aus Druckdämonenund -kommandos. Man muß sich beim System-Manager erkundigen(oder experimentell ermitteln), welches Drucksystem verwendetwird. In ihrer Funktionalität ähneln sich die Systeme, inEinzelheiten und der Kommandosyntax unterscheiden sie sich.Aufgabe System V BSD LPRng HPDPSDruckauftrag geben lp lpr lpr pdprDruckauftrag löschen cancel lprm lprm pdrm, pdcleanStatus abfragen lpstat lpq lpq pdqSpoolerdämon lpsched lp lp (Spooler)H.5 ftp(1)Wenn man eine FTP-Verbindung zu einem Computer im Netz unterhält,stehen nur ftp-Kommandos für die Fileübertragung zurVerfügung, die mit den UNIX-Kommandos nichts zu tun haben.Die wichtigsten von etwa 70 sind:KommandoftpopenuserpwdcdWirkungBeginn der FTP-SitzungVerbinden mit angegebener AdresseEingabe Benutzernamenprint working directory, wie UNIXchange directory, wie UNIX

H.5. FTP(1) 51lcdchange local directorydir, lsVerzeichnis auflistenasciiin ASCII-Modus schalten (für ASCII-Texte)binaryin binären Modus schalten (für alle übrigen Files)getFile vom Host holenget README |more kurzes Textfile README on-line lesenputFile zum Host schickenmgetmulti-get, mehrere Files auf einmal holenmputmulti-put, mehrere Files auf einmal schickenpromptAbfragen bei mget und mput unterdrückenrhelpKommandos der Übertragung anzeigencloseVerbindung (nicht Sitzung) beendenbye, quitSitzung beendenhelplokale Hilfe zu Kommandos anzeigen? cmd Hilfe zum Kommando cmd anzeigen

IUNIX-DateisystemI.1 Zugriffsrechte• d Verzeichnis (directory),• l weicher (symbolischer) Link,• c Character Device File,• b Block Device File,• p Named Pipe (FIFO),• n Network Device File,• s an vorderster Stelle: Socket,• - an vorderster Stelle: reguläre Datei, sonst gleichbedeutendmit nicht gesetztem Recht, Zahlenwert 0,• r lesen (read), kopieren, bei Verzeichnissen: mit ls(1) auflisten,Zahlenwert 4,• w schreiben (write), ändern, bei Verzeichnissen Dateien anlegenoder löschen, Zahlenwert 2,• x ausführen (execute, was nur bei Programmen sinnvollist), bei Verzeichnissen mit cd(1) hinein- oder hindurchgehen(search), Zahlenwert 1,• S bei den Besitzerrechten: Set-User-ID-Bit gesetzt, Zahlenwert4, x nicht gesetzt,• s bei den Besitzerrechten: Set-User-ID-Bit gesetzt, Zahlenwert4, x gesetzt,• S bei den Gruppenrechten: Set-Group-ID-Bit gesetzt, Zahlenwert2, x nicht gesetzt,• s bei den Gruppenrechten: Set-Group-ID-Bit gesetzt, Zahlenwert2, x gesetzt,• T Sticky Bit gesetzt, Zahlenwert 1, x nicht gesetzt,• t Sticky Bit, Zahlenwert 1, und x gesetzt,52

I.1. ZUGRIFFSRECHTE 53Tab. I.1: Zugriffsrechte von Dateien und Verzeichnissen, BeispieleRechte Rechte Besitzer Gruppe Rest der Welt000 - - - - - - - - - Rechte ändern nichts nichts700 r w x - - - - - - alles nichts nichts600 r w - - - - - - - lesen + schreiben nichts nichts500 r - x - - - - - - lesen + ausführen nichts nichts400 r - - - - - - - - lesen nichts nichts300 - w x - - - - - - schreiben + ausführen nichts nichts200 - w - - - - - - - schreiben nichts nichts100 - - x - - - - - - ausführen nichts nichts750 r w x r - x - - - alles lesen + ausführen nichts640 r w - - - - - - - lesen + schreiben lesen nichts755 r w x r - x r - x alles lesen + ausführen lesen + ausführen644 r w - r - - r - - lesen + schreiben lesen lesen664 r w - r w - r - - lesen + schreiben lesen + schreiben lesen775 r w x r w x r - x alles alles lesen + ausführen777 r w x r w x r w x alles alles alles1000 - - - - - - - - T nichts nichts nichts, Sticky Bit2000 - - - - - S - - - nichts nichts, sgid-Bit nichts4000 - - S - - - - - - nichts, suid-Bit nichts nichts4600 r w S - - - - - - lesen + schreiben, suid-Bit nichts nichts4700 r w s - - - - - - alles, suid-Bit nichts nichts6750 r w s r - x - - - alles, suid-Bit lesen + ausführen, sgid-Bit nichts4555 r - s r - x r - x lesen + ausführen, suid-Bit lesen + ausführen lesen + ausführen7555 r - s r - s r - t lesen + ausführen, suid-Bit lesen + ausführen, sgid-Bit lesen + ausführen, Sticky Bit

54 ANHANG I. UNIX-DATEISYSTEMI.2 KennungenUnter UNIX ist es nicht gebräuchlich, den Typ eines Files durchein Anhängsel (Kennung, Erweiterung, Extension) an seinenNamen zu kennzeichnen, aber es ist erlaubt. Die Länge der Kennungist beliebig, es dürfen auch zwei Kennungen angefügt werden,zum Beispiel .ps.gz. Folgende Kennungen (a = ASCII-Text, b = binäres File, ? = wechselnd oder unbekannt) sind verbreitet:$$$ ? Temporäres File10X b Gemini 10X Printer Graphicsa b UNIX-Archiv, mit ar(1) erzeugtacr b ACR-NEMA Medical Imageadf ? Adapter Description (IBM)adi b AutoCAD DXFadn ? Add In Utility (Lotus)afm ? Adobe Font Metrics (Adobe)ai ? Adobe Illustratorani b Atari ST Graphics Formatans b ANSI-Grafikapp ? Application (RBase, NeXT)arc ? Archiv, mit arc oder pkpak komprimiertarj b Archiv, mit ??? komprimiertart b First Publisher Clip Artasc a ASCII-Textfileasm a Assembler-Quelleatk b Andrew Toolkit Raster Objectau b Sound (Sun, NeXT)aux ? TeX Hilfsfile, mit Bezügenavi b Microsoft RIFFavs b Intel DVIbak a Backupbas b BASIC-Quellebat a Batchfile unter MS-DOS, entsprechend Shellscriptbbl a BIBTeX Literaturverzeichnisbck ? Backupbfx b Bitfaxbgi b Borland Graphic Interfacebib ? Bibliographie

I.2. KENNUNGEN 55bif b Binary Imagebin b binäres Filebit b TeX Ausgabe des Druckertreibersbk a Backup (WordPerfect)bld b BASIC Bload Graphicsbm b X11 Bitmapbmp b Microsoft Bitmap Graphics (Windows, OS/2)bnd b Microsoft RIFFbob b BOB Imagebpx b Lumena Paintbsc ? Boyan Scriptbsv b BASIC Bsave Graphicsbtm a Batchfile unter 4DOSbw b SGI Image File Formatbyu b Movie BYUc a C-QuelleC a C++-Quellec64 b Commodore 64 Imagecab ? Microsoft Cabinetcal b CAL Rastercap a Capture-File (Telix)cat a Catalogue, Verzeichniscbl a COBOL-Quellecc a C++-Quellecco b Btx-Grafikcdf ? Comma delimited formatcdi b Philips CD-I IFFcdr b Corel Draw Vektorgrafikcdx ? Compound Index (FoxPro)cel b Lumena CELcfg ? Konfigurations-Filecgm b Computer Graphics Metafile (Harvard Graphics, Lotus)chk ? von chkdsk erzeugtes File (MS-DOS)chm b compilierte HTML-Dateicht b Harvard Graphicsclp ? Clipboard (Windows), Clip Art, GRASPcmd a Command, Skript, Batchfile unter OS/2cmi b Intel DVIcmu b CMU Window Manager Bitmapcnc a CNC-Programme

56 ANHANG I. UNIX-DATEISYSTEMcnf ? Konfigurations-Filecob a COBOL-Quellecod ? Codelistecom b Kommando (MS-DOS), ausführbares Programmcpi ? Code Page Information (MS-DOS)cpp a C++-Quellecpt ? Compact Pro (Kompressor Macintosh)crd ? Cardfilecrf ? Cross Referencecsv a Comma Separated Valuesctx b Signaturfile (PGP)cube b Cubicomp Picturemaker Imagecue ? Cuecard (Volltext-DB, Windows)cur b Microsoft Windows Cursor Imagecut b Dr. Halo Bitmapcvf b Compressed Volumecxx a C++-Quelledat a Datendb b Datenbank (Paradox)dbf ? Datenbank (dBase)dcf ? Driver Configuration filedcs b Quark Desktop Color Separation EPSdct ? Dictionarydcx b Fax-Filedd ? Disk Doublerddif ? DEC DDIFdef ? Definitionen, Defaultwertedem b Demonstrationdes ? Descriptiondhp b Dr. Halo PICdib b Microsoft Windows Bitmap, OS/2 Bitmapdic ? Dictionarydif ? Lotus Data Interchange Formatdir a Directory, Verzeichnisdll b Dynamically Linked Library (OS/2, Windows)doc a Dokument, Text (MS Word)dok a Dokument, Textdpx b Cineon DPXdrs b Driver Resource (WordPerfect)drv b Device Driver

I.2. KENNUNGEN 57drw b Drawingdta a Datendv a Desqview Scriptfiledvi b Metafile von TeX, geräteunabhängigdvr b Device Driverdxb b Drawing Interchange Binary (AutoCAD)dxf b Data Exchange Format (AutoCAD)ega b EGA-Grafikeidi b Electric Image EIDIel a Emacs Lispelc b Emacs Lisp compiledemf ? Enhanced Metafile Formateml a Electronic Mailenc b encodedeps b Adobe Encapsulated Postscriptepsi b Encapsulated Postscript Previewerr a Error, Fehlerprotokolletx ? Setextexe b executable, ausführbares Programm (MS-DOS)f a FORTRAN-Quellefax b G3 Faxfbc b Family Tree Maker Backup for DOSfbk b Family Tree Maker Backup for Windowsfd ? Font Descriptionfif ? Fractal Image Formatfits b Flexible Image Transport Systemfli b EmTeX Fontlibraryfnt b Fontfop b Freedom of Press Graphicsfor a FORTRAN-Quellefpx b Flash Pics Raster Imagefs b Usenix Face Saverftm b Family Tree Maker for DOSftw b Family Tree Maker for Windowsfxs b Fax (Winfax)g3 b G3 Faxgem ? GEM Metagfb b Gifblast compressed GIF imagegif b CompuServe Graphics Interchange Formatglo a TeX Glossar

58 ANHANG I. UNIX-DATEISYSTEMgo b GraphOn Graphicsgoes b NOAA Satellite Datagrib b Gridded Binary (WMO)gz b mit GNU gzip(1) komprimierth a Header-File , include-Filehex b Hexdumphdf ? Hierarchical Data Formathips b Human Information Processing Laboratoryhpp a Header-File C++hqx b Macintosh BinHex encodedhta ? HTML-Anwendunghtm a Hypertext-Markup-Language (DOS-Welt)html a Hypertext-Markup-Language (UNIX-Welt)i a C-Quelle nach Präprozessor-Durchlaufiax b Image Access Executiveicc b Kodak ICC Printerico b Microsoft Windows Icon Imageicr b NCSA Telnet Interactive Color Raster Graphicidx a Indexiff b Sun Interchange File Formatilbm b Amiga Interleaved Bitmapimg b Image, GEM Paint, Rastergrafik/Bitmapinf a Information, Installationsskriptini ? Konfigurationsfile (Initialisierung)jar ? Java Archivjfi b JPEG File Interchange Formatjif b JPEG Interchange Formatjpeg b Joint Photographic Experts Group Compressedjpg b Joint Photographic Experts Group Compressedjs a Javascriptjse b Javascript kodiertl a lex(1)-Quellelan b Erdaslib b Library, Bibliotheklj b HP Laserjet Graphicslof a TeX Bildverzeichnis (list of figures)log a Protokollfile, TeX Meldungen während der Übersetzunglot a TeX Tabellenverzeichnis (list of tables)lst a Listeltm b EOSAT’s Landsat Thematic Mapper Data

I.2. KENNUNGEN 59lzh b Archiv, mit lha komprimiertm4 a m4(1)-Präprozessormac b Macintosh Paintmap b Map-File (Quick C)mak a Makefilemdb ? Microsoft Data Base (Access)mdf ? Menu Definitionmgr b MGR Bitmapmid b Midi Soundmif b Maker Interchange Format (FrameMaker)miff b Magick Image File Formatmod b MODULA-Quelle, Amiga-Modul (Sound)mpeg b Motion Pictures Expert Group (Filme)mpnt b Apple Macintosh MacPaintmsp b Microsoft Windows Paintmtv b MTV Raytracerneo b Atari NeoChrome Imagenff ? Neutral File Formatnitf b National Image Transmissiono b Objekt-Codeobj b Objekt-Codeold ? Kopie eines Files vor Überschreibenomf a Open Source Metadata Frameworkovl b Overlayovr b Overlay, Overviewp a PASCAL-Quellepak b Archiv, mit pkpak komprimiertpax b Portable Archive Exchangepbm b Portable Bitmappcd b Kodak Photo Compact Discpcl a HP Printer Control Languagepct b Macintosh PICTpcx b Paintbrush, Rastergrafikpdf b Adobe Portable Document Formatpds b NASA Planetary Image, PDS/VICARpi1 b Atari Degaspic b Lotus/Pixar/Radiance Picture, Softimage Imagepics b Apple Macintosh PICSpict b Apple Macintosh QuickDrawpif b Program Information

60 ANHANG I. UNIX-DATEISYSTEMpit b PackIt (Kompressor Macintosh)pix b Inset PIX, Lumena Paint, Alias Imagepj b HP PaintJet Graphicspk b Packed Format Fontpng b Portable Network Graphicspnm b PBM Portable Any Mappov b Persistance of Visionpps ? Power Point Slide Showppt ? Power Pointprn a Druckerfileprt b Parallel Ray Traceps b Postscriptpsf b Permanent Swapptr b OS/2 PTR Fileptx b Printronix Graphicsqdv b Random Dot QDVqfx b Fax-File (Quicklink)qrt b QRT Ray Tracerqtm b QuickTimer a Rational-FORTRAN-Quelleras b SUN/CALS Raster Grafikrdi b Microsoft RIFFreg ? MS Windows Registryrff b Dore Raster File Formatrgb b SGI RGB Imageriff b Letraset Imagerix b Softworks Paint Tool Colorixrla b Wavefront Run Length Encoded Version A Raster Imagerlb b Wavefront Run Length Encoded Version B Raster Imagerle b Utah Run Length Encoded Imagerm b Real Mediarpm ? Red Hat Package Managerrtf ? Rich Text Formats a Assembler-Quellescan b Thunderscan Imagescr b Screensaver, SUN/CALS Raster Grafiksdf ? Space Delimited Filesea ? Self Extracting Archive (Macintosh)sgi b SGI Image File Formatsh a Bourne-Shell-Script

I.2. KENNUNGEN 61shar a Bourne-Shell-Archivshr a Shell-Archivshtml a Server Parsed HTML Documentsir b Solitairesit b Macintosh StuffIt Archivesix b DEC LN03+ Sixelsld b AutoCAD Slidespc b Atari Compressed Spectrumspl ? Future Splash Playerspot b SPOT Satellite Imagespu b Atari Compressed Spectrumsrc a Program Source Codestf ? Structured Fileswf ? Shockwave Flashswt ? Shockwave Templatesys b Treiber unter MS-DOStar b tar(1)-Archivtdf ? Trace/Typeface Definitiontdi b TDI Imagetex a TeX- oder LaTeX-Quelltexttfm b TeX-Font-Metricstga b Truevision TARGA Imagetgz b .tar.gz, tar-Archiv, GNUzip komprimierttif b Tag Image File Format (Scanner)tiff b Tag Image File Format (Scanner)tmp ? temporäres Filetoc a Hilfsfile von TeX (table of contents)tpu b Turbo Pascal Unitttf b TrueType Fonttxt a Textfile, lesbartz b tar.Z, tar-Archiv, compress(1)-komprimiertuil b Motif UIL Iconuu a uuencoded File, ASCII, aber nicht lesbaruud a uuencoded File, ASCII, aber nicht lesbaruue a uuencoded File, ASCII, aber nicht lesbarvbe b kodiertes Visual-Basic-Skriptvbs a Visual-Basic-skriptvcf b Visiting Card Filevdi b Digital Research GEM VDIvi b Jovian Logic Video Capture

62 ANHANG I. UNIX-DATEISYSTEMviff b Khoros Visualization Imagevoc b Creative Labs Soundvort b VORT Raytracer Imagewav b Microsoft Windows Sound (RIFF)web a WEB-Quellewfx b Fax-File (Winfax)wma b Windows Media Audiowmf b Windows Metafile Formatwpg a WordPerfect Graphics Metafilewps a Microsoft Works Textfilewri a Windows Textfilewsh ? MS Windows Scripting Host Skriptx b SuperDisk Self-extracting Archivexbm b X11 Bitmapxim b X11 Xim Toolkitxls ? MS-Excel-Dateixos b Xaos Tools Imagexpm b X11 Pixmapxv b Khoros Visualization Imagexwd b X11 Dump Imagey a yacc(1)-Quelleybm b Face Fileyuv b Abekas YUVZ b mit compress(1) (UNIX) komprimiertz b mit GNU gzip komprimiert (veraltet, besser gz)zinc b Zinc Interface Library Iconzip b mit pkzip komprimiertzoo b mit zoo komprimiertWeitere Sammlungen von File-Kennungen finden sich imNetz unter:http://www.extsearch.com/http://www.stack.com/http://filext.com/http://www.namext.net/http://home.t-online.de/home/her-herrmann/Prgkenn.htmlPostscript- oder PDF-Files bestehen zwar aus ASCII-Zeichenund lassen sich auch editieren, sofern man die Sprache kennt,dürfen aber nur im binären Modus von FTP übertragen werden,um keine Zeichen zu verändern.

JUNIX-SystemaufrufeSystemaufrufe werden vom Anwendungsprogramm wie eigeneoder fremde Funktionen angesehen. Ihrem Ursprung nach sindes auch C-Funktionen. Sie sind jedoch nicht Bestandteil einerFunktionsbibliothek, sondern gehören zum Betriebssystem undsind nicht durch andere Funktionen erweiterbar.Die Systemaufrufe – als Bestandteil des Betriebssystems– sind für alle Programmiersprachen dieselben, während dieFunktionsbibliotheken zur jeweiligen Programmiersprache gehören.Folgende Systemaufrufe sind unter UNIX verfügbar:access prüft Zugriff auf Fileacct startet und stoppt Prozess Accountingalarm setzt Weckeruhr für Prozessatexit Funktion für Programmendebrkändert Speicherzuweisungchdir wechselt Arbeitsverzeichnischmod ändert Zugriffsrechte eines Fileschown ändert Besitzer eines Fileschroot ändert Root-Verzeichnisclose schließt einen File-Deskriptorcreat öffnet File, ordnet Deskriptor zudupdupliziert File-Deskriptorerrno Fehlervariable der Systemaufrufeexec führt ein Programm ausexit beendet einen Prozessfcntl Filesteuerungfork erzeugt einen neuen Prozessfsctl liest Information aus File-Systemfsync schreibt File aus Arbeitsspeicher auf Plattegetaccess ermittelt Zugriffsrechtegetacl ermittelt Zugriffsrechtegetcontext ermittelt Kontext eines Prozessesgetdirentries ermittelt Verzeichnis-Einträgegetgroups ermittelt Gruppenrechte eines Prozessesgethostname ermittelt Namen des Systems63

64 ANHANG J. UNIX-SYSTEMAUFRUFEgetitimer setzt oder liest Intervall-Uhrgetpid liest Prozess-IDgettimeofdayermittelt Zeitgetuid liest User-ID des aufrufenden Prozessesioctl I/O-Steuerungkill schickt Signal an einen Prozesslink linkt ein Filelockf setzt Semaphore und Record-Sperrenlseek bewegt Schreiblesezeiger in einem Filemkdir erzeugt Verzeichnismknod erzeugt Filemount hängt File-System in File-Hierarchie einmsgctl Interprozess-Kommunikationnice ändert die Priorität eines Prozessesopen öffnet File zum Lesen oder Schreibenpause suspendiert Prozess bis zum Empfang eines Signalspipe erzeugt eine Pipeprealloc reserviert Arbeitsspeicherprofil ermittelt Zeiten bei der Ausführung eines Programmesread liest aus einem Filereadlink liest symbolisches Linkrename ändert Filenamenrmdir löscht Verzeichnisrtprio ändert Echtzeit-Prioritätsemctl Semaphoresetgrp setzt Gruppen-Zugriffsrechte eines Prozessessetuid setzt User-ID eines Prozessessignal legt fest, was auf ein Signal hin zu tun iststat liest die Inode eines Filesstatfs liest Werte des File-Systemssymlink erzeugt symbolischen Linksync schreibt Puffer auf Platteszsconf ermittelt Systemwertetime ermittelt die Systemzeittimes ermittelt Zeitverbrauch eines Prozessestruncate schneidet File abumask setzt oder ermittelt Filezugriffsmaskeumount entfernt Filesystem aus File-Hierarchieunlink löscht Fileustat liest Werte des File-Systems

65utimewaitwritesetzt Zeitstempel eines Fileswartet auf Ende eines Kindprozessesschreibt in ein FileDie Aufzählung kann durch weitere Systemaufrufe des jeweiligenLieferanten des Betriebssystems (z. B. Hewlett-Packard)ergänzt werden. Diese erleichtern das Programmieren, verschlechternaber die Portabilität. Zu den meisten Systemaufrufenmit get... gibt es ein Gegenstück set..., das in einigenFällen dem Superuser vorbehalten ist.

KUNIX-SignaleDie Default-Reaktion eines Prozesses auf die meisten Signale istseine Beendigung; sie können aber abgefangen und umdefiniertwerden. Die Signale 09, 24 und 26 können nicht abgefangen werden.Die Bezeichnungen sind nicht ganz einheitlich. Weiteres untersignal(2), signal(5) oder signal(7).Name Nr. BedeutungSIGHUP 01 hangupSIGINT 02 interrupt (meist Break-Taste)SIGQUIT 03 quitSIGILL 04 illegal instructionSIGTRAP 05 trace trapSIGABRT 06 software generated abortSIGIOT 06 software generated signalSIGEMT 07 software generated signalSIGFPE 08 floating point exceptionSIGKILL 09 kill (sofortiger Selbstmord)SIGBUS 10 bus errorSIGSEGV 11 segmentation violationSIGSYS 12 bad argument to system callSIGPIPE 13 write on a pipe with no one to read itSIGALRM 14 alarm clockSIGTERM 15 software termination (bitte Schluss machen)SIGUSR1 16 user defined signal 1SIGSTKFLT 16 stack fault on coprocessorSIGUSR2 17 user defined signal 2SIGCHLD 18 death of a childSIGCLD 18 = SIGCHLDSIGPWR 19 power failSIGINFO 19 = SIGPWRSIGVTALRM 20 virtual timer alarmSIGPROF 21 profiling timer alarmSIGIO 22 asynchronous I/O signalSIGPOLL 22 = SIGIOSIGWINDOW 23 window change or mouse signal66

SIGSTOP 24 stopSIGTSTP 25 stop signal generated from keyboardSIGCONT 26 continue after stopSIGTTIN 27 background read attempt from control terminalSIGTTOU 28 background write attempt from control terminalSIGURG 29 urgent data arrived on an I/O channelSIGLOST 30 NFS file lock lostSIGXCPU 30 CPU time limit exceededSIGXFSZ 31 file size limit exceeded67Die Nr. 0 wird nicht für ein Signal verwendet. Wird sie demShell-Kommando trap übergeben, so ist damit das Ende derShell (exit) gemeint.

LVideomodi des Linux-KernsDie dem VGA-Treiber im Linux-Kern bekannten Vidomodi werdendurch Nummern bezeichnet, die sich aus den Nummern derVESA-Videomodi durch Addition von 0x200 (hexadezimal) ergeben.Mit der Angabe vga=791 in der GRUB-Konfigurationsdateiwird beispielsweise erreicht, dass der Kern den VGA-Treiber miteiner Auflösung von 1024 x 768 bei 16 Bit Farbtiefe (65536 Farben)startet.Tab. L.1: Einige Videomodi des Linux-KernsModus, hex. Modus, dez. Auflösung (Pixel) Farbtiefe (Bits)0x0300 768 640 x 400 80x0301 769 640 x 480 80x0303 771 800 x 600 80x0305 773 1024 x 768 80x0307 775 1280 x 1024 80x030E 782 320 x 200 160x030F 783 320 x 200 240x0310 784 640 x 480 150x0311 785 640 x 480 160x0312 786 640 x 480 240x0313 787 800 x 600 150x0314 788 800 x 600 160x0315 789 800 x 600 240x0316 790 1024 x 768 150x0317 791 1024 x 768 160x0318 792 1024 x 768 240x0319 793 1280 x 1024 150x031A 794 1280 x 1024 160x031B 795 1280 x 1024 240x031C 796 1600 x 1200 80x031D 797 1600 x 1200 150x031E 798 1600 x 1200 16Fortsetzung68

69Tab. L.1: (Fortsetzung)Modus, hex. Modus, dez. Auflösung (Pixel) Farbtiefe (Bits)0x031F 799 1600 x 1200 240x0330 816 320 x 200 80x0331 817 320 x 400 80x0332 818 320 x 400 160x0333 819 320 x 400 240x0334 820 320 x 240 80x0335 821 320 x 240 160x0336 822 320 x 240 240x033D 829 640 x 400 160x033E 830 640 x 400 240x0345 837 1600 x 1200 80x0346 838 1600 x 1200 160x0347 839 1400 x 1050 80x0348 840 1400 x 1050 160x0352 850 2048 x 1536 24

MC-LexikonM.1 SchlüsselwörterIn C/C++ dürfen Schlüsselwörter keinesfalls als Namen verwendetwerden. Laut ANSI verwendet C folgende Schlüsselwörter(Wortsymbole, keywords):• Deklaratoren– auto, Default-Speicherklasse (kann weggelassen werden)– char, Zeichentyp– const, Typattribut (neu in ANSI-C)– double, Typ Gleitkommazahl doppelter Genauigkeit– enum, Aufzählungstyp– extern, Speicherklasse– float, Typ Gleitkommazahl einfacher Genauigkeit– int, Typ Ganzzahl einfacher Länge– long, Typ Ganzzahl doppelter Länge– register, Speicherklasse Registervariable– short, Typ Ganzzahl halber Länge– signed, Typzusatz zu Ganzzahl oder Zeichen– static, Speicherklasse– struct, Strukturtyp– typedef, Definition eines benutzereigenen Typs– union, Typ Union– unsigned, Typzusatz zu Ganzzahl oder Zeichen– void, leerer Typ– volatile, Typattribut (neu in ANSI-C)• Schleifen und Bedingungen (Kontrollanweisungen)70

M.1. SCHLÜSSELWÖRTER 71– break, Verlassen einer Schleife– case, Fall einer Auswahl (switch)– continue, Rücksprung vor eine Schleife– default, Default-Fall einer Auswahl (switch)– do, Beginn einer do-Schleife– else, Alternative einer Verzweigung– for, Beginn einer for-Schleife– goto, unbedingter Sprung– if, Bedingung oder Beginn einer Verzweigung– switch, Beginn einer Auswahl– while, Beginn einer while-Schleife• Sonstige– return, Rücksprung in die aufrufende Einheit– sizeof, Bytebedarf eines Typs oder einer VariablenIn C++ kommen laut BJARNE STROUSTRUP hinzu:• catch, Ausnahmebehandlung• class, Klassendeklaration• delete, Löschen eines Objektes• friend, Deklaration einer Funktion• inline, inline-Funktion• new, Erzeugen eines Objektes• operator, Überladen von Operatoren• private, Deklaration von Klassenmitgliedern• protected, Deklaration von Klassenmitgliedern• public, Deklaration von Klassenmitgliedern• template, Deklaration eines Templates (Klasse)• this, Pointer auf Objekt• throw, Ausnahmebehandlung• try, Ausnahmebehandlung• virtual, Deklaration

72 ANHANG M. C-LEXIKONDarüber hinaus verwenden einige Compiler weitere Schlüsselwörter:• asm, Assembler-Aufruf innerhalb einer C- oder C++-Quelle• bool, logischer oder boolescher Typ• cdecl, Aufruf einer Funktion nach C-Konventionen• const_cast, cast-Operator für const-Werte• dynamic_cast, cast-Operator• entry, (war in K&R-C für künftigen Gebrauch vorgesehen)• explicit, Konstruktor-Vereinbarung• export, Vereinbarung bei Klassen-Templates• false, boolesche Konstante• far, Typzusatz unter MS-DOS• fortran, Aufruf einer Funktion nach FORTRAN-Konventionen• huge, Typzusatz unter MS-DOS• mutable, Typattribut• namespace, Vereinbarung des Geltungsbereiches von Namen• near, Typzusatz unter MS-DOS• pascal, Aufruf einer Funktion nach PASCAL-Konventionen• reinterpret_cast, cast-Operator• static_cast, cast-Operator• true, boolesche Konstante• typeid, Operator zum Ermitteln des Typs• typename, Alternative zum Schlüsselwort class• using, Deklaration in Verbindung mit namespace• wchar_t, Typ (wide character literal)

M.2. OPERATOREN 73M.2 OperatorenDie Operatoren von C/C++ sind im folgenden ihrem Vorrangnach geordnet, höchster Rang (Bindungskraft) zuoberst. AlleOperatoren eines Abschnitts haben gleichen Rang. l bzw. r bedeutetvon links bzw. rechts her assoziativ. Ein unärer Operatorverlangt einen Operanden, ein binärer zwei und ein ternärerdrei.Operator A - Bedeutung:: r unär Bezugsrahmen, global:: l binär Bezugsrahmen, Klasse:: l binär Bezugsrahmen, Namensraum( ) l unär Klammerung, Funktion[ ] l unär Index-> l binär Auswahl. l binär Auswahl++ r unär Postfix Inkrement-- r unär Postfix Dekrementtypeid unär Typabfrageconst_cast binär Typumwandlungdynamic_cast binär Typumwandlungreinterpret_cast binär Typumwandlungstatic_cast binär Typumwandlungsizeof r unär Größenabfrage++ r unär Präfix Inkrement-- r unär Präfix Dekrement~ r unär bitweise Negation! r unär logische Negation- r unär negatives Vorzeichen+ r unär positives Vorzeichen* r unär Dereferenzierung& r unär Referenzierung( ) r binär cast-Operatornew r unär dynamische Speicherbelegungdelete r unär dynamische Speicherfreigabe->* l binär Auswahl.* l binär Auswahl* l binär Multiplikation/ l binär Division

74 ANHANG M. C-LEXIKON% l binär Modulus (Divisionsrest)+ l binär Addition- l binär Subtraktion> l binär bitweises Shiften rechts< l binär kleiner als l binär größer als>= l binär größer gleich== l binär Gleichheit!= l binär Ungleichheit& l binär bitweises Und^ l binär bitweises exklusives Oder| l binär bitweises Oder&& l binär logisches Und|| l binär logisches Oder?: l ternär bedingte Bewertung= r binär Zuweisung+=, -=, *=, /= r binär zusammengesetzte%=, >>=,

M.3. STANDARDFUNKTIONEN 75– iscntrl, prüft Zeichen, ob Kontrollzeichen– isdigit, prüft Zeichen, ob Ziffer– isgraph, prüft Zeichen, ob sichtbar– islower, prüft Zeichen, ob Kleinbuchstabe– isprint, prüft Zeichen, ob druckbar– ispunct, prüft Zeichen, ob Satzzeichen– isspace, prüft Zeichen, ob Whitespace– isupper, prüft Zeichen. ob Großbuchstabe– isxdigit, prüft Zeichen, ob hexadezimale Ziffer– tolower, wandelt Großbuchstaben in Kleinbuchstabenum– toupper, wandelt Kleinbuchstaben in Großbuchstabenum• Datenumwandlung– atof, wandelt String in double-Wert um– atoi, wandelt String in int-Wert um– atol, wandelt String in long-Wert um– strtod, wandelt String in double-Wert um– strtol, wandelt String in long-Wert um– strtoul, wandelt String in unsigned long-Wert um• Filebehandlung– remove, löscht File– rename, ändert Namen eines Files• Ein- und Ausgabe– clearerr, löscht Fehlermeldung eines Filepointers– fclose, schließt Filepointer– fflush, leert Puffer eines Filepointers– fgetc, liest Zeichen von Filepointer– fgetpos, ermittelt Stand des Lesezeigers– fgets, liest String von Filepointer

76 ANHANG M. C-LEXIKON– fopen, öffnet Filepointer– fprintf, schreibt formatiert nach Filepointer– fputc, schreibt Zeichen nach Filepointer– fputs, schreibt String nach Filepointer– fread, liest Bytes von Filepointer– freopen, ersetzt geöffneten Filepointer– fscanf, liest formatiert von Filepointer– fseek, setzt Lesezeiger auf bestimmte Stelle– fsetpos, setzt Lesezeiger auf bestimmte Stelle– ftell, ermittelt Stellung des Lesezeigers– fwrite, schreibt Bytes nach Filepointer– getc, liest Zeichen von Filepointer– getchar, liest Zeichen von stdin– gets, liest String von Filepointer– printf, schreibt formatiert nach stdout– putc, schreibt Zeichen nach Filepointer– putchar, schreibt Zeichen nach stdout– puts, schreibt String nach Filepointer– rewind, setzt Lesezeiger auf Fileanfang– scanf, liest formatiert von stdin– setbuf, ordnet einem Filepointer einen Puffer zu– setvbuf, ordnet einem Filepointer einen Puffer zu– sprintf, schreibt formatiert in einen String– sscanf, liest formatiert aus einem String– tempnam, erzeugt einen temporären Filenamen– tmpfile, erzeugt ein temporäres File– ungetc, schreibt letztes gelesenes Zeichen zurück– vfprintf, schreibt formatiert aus einer Argumentenliste– vprintf, schreibt formatiert aus einer Argumentenliste

M.3. STANDARDFUNKTIONEN 77– vsprintf, schreibt formatiert aus einer Argumentenlsite• Mathematik– acos, arcus cosinus– asin, arcus sinus– atan, arcus tangens– atan2, arcus tangens, erweiterter Bereich– ceil, kleinste Ganzzahl– cos, cosinus– cosh, cosinus hyperbolicus– exp, Exponentialfunktion– fabs, Absolutwert, Betrag– floor, größte Ganzzahl– fmod, Divisionsrest– frexp, teilt Gleitkommazahl auf– ldexp, teilt Gleitkommazahl auf– log, Logarithmus naturalis– log10, dekadischer Logarithmus– modf, teilt Gleitkommazahl auf– pow, allgemeine Potenz– sin, sinus– sinh, sinus hyperbolicus– sqrt, positive Quadratwurzel– tan, tangens– tanh, tangens hyperbolicus• Speicherzuweisung– calloc, allokiert Speicher für Array– free, gibt allokierten Speicher frei– malloc, allokiert Speicher– realloc, ändert Größe des allokierten Speichers

78 ANHANG M. C-LEXIKON• Prozesssteuerung– abort, erzeugt SIGABRT-Signal– atexit, Funktionsaufruf bei Programmende– exit, Programmende– raise, sendet Signal– signal, legt Antwort auf Siganl fest– system, übergibt Argument an Kommandointerpreter• Suchen und Sortieren– bsearch, binäre Suche– qsort, Quicksort• Stringbehandlung– strcat, verkettet Strings– strchr, sucht Zeichen in String– strcmp, vergleicht Strings– strcpy, kopiert String– strcspn, sucht Teilstring– strerror, verweist auf Fehlermeldung– strlen, ermittelt Stringlänge– strncat, verkettet n Zeichen von Strings– strncmp, vergleicht n Zeichen von Strings– strncpy, kopiert n Zeichen eines Strings– strpbrk, sucht Zeichen in String– strrchr, sucht Zeichen in String– strspn, ermittelt Länge eines Teilstrings– strstr, sucht Zeichen in StringDies sind alle Funktionen des ANSI-Vorschlags. Die meistenCompiler bieten darüberhinaus eine Vielzahl weiterer Funktionen,die das Programmieren erleichtern, aber die Portabilitätverschlechtern.

M.4. PRINTF(3), SCANF(3) 79M.4 printf(3), scanf(3)printf(3) und scanf(3) sind die beiden Standardfunktionenzum Ein- und Ausgeben von Daten. Wichtiger Unterschied:printf(3) erwartet Variable, scanf(3) Pointer. Die Formatbezeichnerstimmen weitgehend überein:Bezeichner Typ Beispiel Bedeutung%c char a Zeichen%s char * Karlsruhe String%d int -1234 dezimale Ganzzahl mit Vorzeichen%i int -1234 dezimale Ganzzahl mit Vorzeichen%u unsigned 1234 dezimale Ganzzahl ohne Vorzeich%ld long 1234 dezimal Ganzzahl doppelter Läng%f double 12.34 Gleitkommazahl mit Vorzeichen%e double 1.234 E 1 Gleitkommazahl, Exponentialform%g double 12.34 kurze Darstellung von %e oder %f%o unsigned octal 2322 oktale Ganzzahl ohne Vorzeichen%x unsigned hex 4d2 hexadezimale Ganzzahl o. Vorzeic%p void * 68ff32e4 Pointer%% - % ProzentzeichenWeiteres im Referenz-Handbuch unter printf(3) oderscanf(3). Länge, Bündigkeit, Unterdrückung führenderNullen, Vorzeichenangabe können festgelegt werden.M.5 Include-DateienDie Standard-Include-Dateien enthalten in lesbarer Form Definitionenvon Konstanten und Typen, Deklarationen von Funktionenund Makrodefinitionen. Sie werden von Systemaufrufenund Bibliotheksfunktionen benötigt. Bei der Beschreibungjeder Funktion im Referenz-Handbuch ist angegeben, welcheInclude-Dateien jeweils eingebunden werden müssen. GebräuchlicheInclude-Dateien sind:• ctype.h, Definition von Zeichenklassen (conv(3))• curses.h, Bildschirmsteuerung (curses(3))• errno.h, Fehlermeldungen des Systems (errno(2))

80 ANHANG M. C-LEXIKON• fcntl.h, Steuerung des Dateizugriffs(fcntl(2), open(2))• malloc.h, Speicherallokierung (malloc(3))• math.h, mathematische Funktionen(log(3), sqrt(3), floor(3))• memory.h, Speicherfunktionen (memory(3))• search.h, Suchfunktionen (bsearch(3))• signal.h, Signalbehandlung (signal(2))• stdio.h, Ein- und Ausgabe(printf(3), scanf(3), fopen(3))• string.h, Stringbehandlung (string(3))• time.h, Zeitfunktionen (ctime(3))• varargs.h, Argumentenliste variabler Länge(vprintf(3))• sys/ioctl.h, Ein- und Ausgabe (ioctl(2))• sys/stat.h, Zugriffsrechte (chmod(2), mkdir(2), stat(2))• sys/types.h , verschiedene Deklarationen(chmod(2), getut(3))Auch diese Liste ist vom Compiler und damit von der Hardwareabhängig. So findet man die include-Datei dos.h nicht aufUNIX-Anlagen, sondern nur bei Compilern unter MS-DOS fürPCs.M.6 Präprozessor-AnweisungenDer erste Schritt beim Compilieren ist die Bearbeitung desQuelltextes durch den Präprozessor. Dieser entfernt den Kommentarund führt Ersetzungen und Einfügungen gemäß der folgendenAnweisungen (directives) aus:• #define buchstäbliche Ersetzung einer symbolischen Konstantenoder eines Makros. Ist kein Ersatz angegeben, wirdnur der Name als definiert angesehen (für #ifdef). Häufig.• #undefine löscht die Definition eines Namens.• #error führt zu einer Fehlermeldung des Präprozessors.

M.6. PRÄPROZESSOR-ANWEISUNGEN 81• #include zieht die angegebene Datei herein. Häufig.• #if, #else, #elif, #endif falls Bedingung zutrifft,werden die nachfolgenden Präprozessor-Anweisungen ausgeführt.• #ifdef, #ifndef falls der angegebene Name definiertbzw. nicht definiert ist, werden die nachfolgendenPräprozessor-Anweisungen ausgeführt.• #line führt bei Fehlermeldungen zu einem Sprung auf dieangegebenen Zeilennummer.• #pragma veranlaßt den Präprozessor zu einer systemabhängigenHandlung.

NSlang im NetzDiese Sammlung von im Netz vorkommenden Slang-Abkürzungen ist ein Auszug aus der Abklex-Liste:http://www.ciw.uni-karlsruhe.de/abklex.htmlmit rund 9000 Abkürzungen aus Informatik und Telekommunikation.2L8 Too LateAAMOF As A Matter Of FactAFAIAA As Far As I Am AwareAFAIC As Far As I am ConcernedAFAIK As Far As I KnowAFAIKT As Far As I Know TodayAFAIR As Far As I RememberAFJ April Fool’s JokeAFK Away From KeyboardAIMB As I Mentioned BeforeAISI As I See ItAIUI As I Understand ItAKA Also Known AsAMBW All My Best WishesANFSCD And Now For Something Completely DifferentAPOL Alternate Person On LineASAP As Soon As PossibleATFSM Ask The Friendly System ManagerATM At The MomentATST At The Same TimeATT At This TimeAWA A While AgoAWB A While BackAWGTHTGTTA Are We Going To Have To Go Through This Again?AWHFY Are We Having Fun Yet?AYOR At Your Own RiscAYST Are You Still There?B4Before82

83B4NBAKBBLBBRBCNUBFBIBFIBFMIBFNBGBHOFBIONBITDBMBNFBNFSCDBOFBOFSBOTBRBBSFBTABTAIMBTCBTDTBTHOMBTICBTKBTSOOMBTWBYKTCMHCMIIWCUCU2CULCYACYLD+CDAUBye For NowBack At KeyboardBe Back LaterBurnt Beyond RecognitionBe Seeing YouBrute Force and Bloody IgnoranceBrute Force and IgnoranceBrute Force and Massive IgnoranceBye For NowBig GrinBald Headed Old FartBelieve It Or NotBack In The DayByte MeBig Name FanBut Now For Something Completely DifferentBirds Of a FeatherBirds Of a Feather SessionBack On TopicBe Right BackBut Seriously FolksBut Then AgainBe That As It MayBiting The CarpetBeen There Done ThatBeats The Hell Outta MeBut Then, I’am CrazyBack To KeyboardBeats The Shit Out Of MeBy The WayBut You Knew ThatCross My HeartCorrect Me If I’m WrongSee YouSee You, TooSee You LaterCover Your AssSee You LaterDuck + CoverDümmster Anzunehmender User

84 ANHANG N. SLANG IM NETZDHRVVF Ducking, Hiding and Running Very Very FastDILLIGAS Do I Look Like I Give A ShitDIY Do It YourselfDLTM Don’t Lie To MeDSH Desparately Seeking HelpDUCWIC Do You See Waht I SeeDWIM Do What I MeanDWISNWID Do What I Say Not What I DoDYHWIH Do You Hear What I HearE2EG Ear To Ear GrinEG Evil GrinEMFBI Excuse Me For Butting InEOD End Of DiscussionESOSL Endless Snorts Of Stupid LaughterETOL Evil Twin On LineF2F Face to FaceFA For AuctionFAFWOA For A Friend Without AccessFB Fine BusinessFCFS First Come First ServedFHS For Heaven’s SakeFIAWOL Fandom Is A Way Of LifeFISH First In, Still HereFITB Fill In The BlankFITNR Fixed In The Next ReleaseFOAF Friend Of A FriendFTASB Faster Than A Speeding BulletFTL Faster Than LightFUBAR Fouled Up Beyond All Repair/RecognitionFUBB Fouled Up Beyond BeliefFUD (spreading) Fear, Uncertainty, and DisinformationFWIW For What It’s WorthFYA For Your AmusementGA Go AheadGAFIA Get Away From It AllGAL Get A LifeGDR Grinning, Ducking and RunningGDRVVF Grinning, Ducking and Running Very, Very FastGFC Going for CoffeeGIGO Garbage In, Garbage/Gospel Out

85GIWIST Gee I Wish I’d Said ThatGOK God Only KnowsGR+D Grinning, Running + DuckingHAK Hugs And KissesHAND Have A Nice DayHGZH Hoffe Geholfen Zu HabenHHOK Ha Ha Only KiddingHHOS Ha Ha Only SeriousHSIK How Should I KnowHTH Hope This/That HelpsIAC In Any CaseIAE In Any EventIANAL I Am Not A LawyerIBC Inadequate But CuteIBTD I Beg To DifferICI SeeICIn CharactersICOCBW I Could, Of Course, Be WrongICQ I Seek YouIDC I Don’t CareIDST I Didn’t Say ThatIDTS I Don’t Think SoIIRC If I Remember CorrectlyIITYWYBMADIf I Tell You Will You Buy Me Another Drink?IIWM If It Were Me/MineILLAB Ich Liege Lachend Am Boden, vgl. ROTFLIMAO In My Arrogant OpinionIMCO In My Considered OpinionIME In My ExperienceIMHO In My Humble OpinionIMI I Mean ItIMNSCO In My Not So Considered OpinionIMNSHO In My Not So Humble OpinionIMO In My OpinionIMOBO In My Own Biased OpinionINPO In No Particular OrderIOW In Other WordsIRAS I Really Am SorryIRL In Real LifeISBT It’s Strange But True

86 ANHANG N. SLANG IM NETZISTMISTRIUTYIWBNIIYSWIMISWYMJAMJAUAJICJJJSNMKIBOKWIMLLPLLTALMAOLOLLOLLTNSMDAMHOTYMNREMOTASMTFBWYMUSENMYOBNBDNCNCNCNFINFWNIMBYNLANLMBNNNRNNSONTTAWWTOAOOATUSOAUSIt Seems To MeI Seem To RememberIt’s Up To YouIt Would Be Nice IfIf You See What I MeanI See What You MeanJust A MinuteJust Another Useless AnswerJust In CaseJust JokingJust Stark Naked MagicKnowledge In, Bullshit OutKnow What I Mean?Live Long and ProsperLots and Lots of Thundering ApplauseLaughing My Ass OffLaughing Out LoudLots Of LuckLong Time No SeeMerci d’avanceMy Hat’s Off To YouManual Not Read ErrorMember Of The Appropriate SexMay The Force Be With YouMeinem Unmassgeblichen Sprachempfinden NachMind Your Own BusinessNo Big DealNo Coffee, No Chocolate, No ComputerNo Frigging IdeaNo Fucking WayNot In My BackyardNot Long AgoNolifemuddinbastardNightmare NetworkerNo Reply NecessaryNonvirtual Significant OtherNot That There’s Anything Wrong With ThatOver And OutOn A Totally Unrelated SubjectOn An Unrelated Subject

87OBTW Oh, By The WayOBO Or Best OfferOFAB Old Fart At PlayOIC Oh, I SeeONNA Oh No, Not AgainONNTA Oh No, Not This AgainOOC Out Of CharactersOOP Out Of PrintOOTB Out Of The BoxOOTC Obligatory On-Topic CommentOT Off TopicOTL Out To LunchOTOH On The Other HandOTTH On The Third HandPDQ Pretty Darned QuickPEBKAC Problem Exists Between Keyboard And ChairPFM Pure Fantastic MagicPITA Pine In The AssPMETC Pardon Me, etc.PMFJIB Pardon Me For Jumping In ButPOV Point Of ViewPTO Please Turn OverRAEBNC Read And Enjoyed, But No CommentRL Real LifeROFBTC Rolling On the Floor Biting The CarpetROFL Rolling On the Floor LaughingROFLASTC Rolling On the Floor Laughing And Scaring The CatROFLMAO Rolling On The Floor Laughing My Ass OffROTFL Rolling On The Floor LaughingRSN Real Soon NowRTFAQ Read The FAQRTFB Read The Funny BinaryRTFF Read The Fantastic FAQRTFM Read The Fine/Fantastic/Funny ... ManualRTFS Read The Funny SourceRTM Read The ManualRTWFQ Read The Whole Fantastic QuestionRUOK Are You OkRYS Read Your ScreenSCNR Sorry, Could Not Resist

88 ANHANG N. SLANG IM NETZSEP Somebody Else’s ProblemSFMJI Sorry For My Jumping InSIASL Stranger In A Strange LandSIMCA Sitting In My Chair AmusedSITD Still In The DarkSNAFU Situation Normal All Fed/Fucked UpTABYAS Thinking All But You Are StupidTAFN That’s All For NowTANJ There Ain’t No JusticeTANSTAAFLThere Ain’t No Such Things As A Free LunchTARFU Things Are Really Fouled UpTBH To Be HonestTFTT Thanks For The ThoughtTGAL Think Globally, Act LocallyTGIF Thank God It’s FridayTHWLAIAS The Hour Was Late, And I Am SenileTIA Thanks In AdvanceTIC Tongue In CheekTINAR This Is Not A Recommendation/ReviewTINWIS That Is Not What I SaidTMTOWTDI There’s More Than One Way To Do ItTNX ThanksTOJ Tears Of JoyTPTB The Powers That BeTRDMC Tears Running Down My CheeksTSOHF Total Sense Of Humour FailureTTBOMK To The Best Of My KnowledgeTTFN Ta Ta For NowTTT That’s The TruthTTYL Type/Talk To You LaterTWIU That’s What I Understand/UnderstoodTYCLO Turn Your Caps Lock OffTYVM Thank You Very MuchUDP Usenet Death PenaltyUL Urban LegendUTSL Use The Source, LukeVBG Very Big GrinVL Virtual LifeWAB What Another BillWAMKSAM Why Are My Kids Staring At Me?

89WDYMBTWDYSWHAKWIBNIWIMREWMRSWOMBATWRTWTWTBWTHWTTWTTMWTTFWWGWYSYKWISYMMVYTTTWhat Do You Mean By ThatWhat Did You SayWith Hugs And KissesWould It Be Nice IfWenn Ich Mich Recht ErinnereWrite Me Real SoonWaste Of Money, Brains, And TimeWith Regard/Respect ToWithout ThinkingWanted To BuyWhat The Heck/HellWanted To TradeWithout Thinking Too MuchWant To Test FirstWieder Was GelerntWhatever You SayYou Know What I’m SayingYour Mileage May VaryYou Telling The Truth

OBeispiele LaTeXO.1 Textbeispiel% (Kommentar) Erste Hilfe zum Arbeiten mit LaTeX%% Das Prozentzeichen leitet Kommentar ein, gilt% bis Zeilenende. Um ein Prozentzeichen in den Text% einzugeben, muss man folglich einen Backslash% davor setzen. Dasselbe gilt fuer Dollar, Ampersand,% Doppelkreuz, Unterstrich und geschweifte% Klammern. Diese Zeichen kommen in Befehlen vor.%% Format: LaTeX\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}% Die meisten Befehle beginnen mit einem Backslash.%% Es gibt die Klassen Buch, Bericht (Report), Artikel,% Brief, Folien und weitere. Bericht und Artikel% sind die wichtigsten.% Je nach Font und Schriftgroesse Zeilen auskommentieren!%% 12 Punkte, doppelseitig, Times Roman (wie Buch)% \documentclass[12pt,twoside,a4paper]{article}% \usepackage{german}% \unitlength1.0mm%% 12 Punkte, einseitig, New Century Schoolbook\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}\usepackage{german,newcent,verbatim}\unitlength1.0mm% Der Befehl \sloppy weist LaTeX an, mit den% Wortabstaenden nicht zu kleinlich zu sein.90

O.1. TEXTBEISPIEL 91\sloppy% Trennhilfe (Liste von Ausnahmen)\input{hyphen}% Satzspiegel vergroessern:\topmargin-24mm\textwidth180mm\textheight240mm% zusaetzlicher Seitenrand fuer beidseitigen Druck:\oddsidemargin-10mm\evensidemargin-10mm% Jetzt kommt der erste Text: Titel, Autor und Datum\title{Erste Hilfe beim Arbeiten mit LaTeX}\author{W. Alex}\date{\today}% Hier beginnt das eigentliche Dokument\begin{document}% Befehl zum Erzeugen des Titels\maketitle% Nun kommt der erste Abschnitt (section).% Die Ueberschrift steht in geschweiften Klammern.% Es gibt auch Unterabschnitte.\section{Zweck}LATeX ist ein {\em Satzsystem}. Mit seiner Hilfelassen sich Texte zur Ausgabe auf Papier formatieren,

92 ANHANG O. BEISPIELE LATEXvorzugsweise zur Ausgabe mittels eines Laserdruckers.Es gibt Hilfsprogramme zur Anfertigung von Zeichnungen.Ferner ist es m"oglich, beliebige Postscript-Abbildungeneinzubinden, also auch Fotos.LaTeX ist eine Makro-Sammlung von {\sc Leslie Lamport},die auf dem TeX-System von {\sc Donald Knuth} aufbaut.TeX und LaTex sind frei verf"ugbar, in Deutschland zumBeispiel bei der Universit"at Heidelberg (Dante e. V.).\section{Aufbau des Textfiles}Schreiben Sie Ihr Textfile mit einem beliebigen Editor,beispielsweise mit dem \verb+vi+, \verb+emacs+ oder\verb+joe+. Ein Textfile hat folgenden Aufbau:% Hier ein woertlich auszugebender Text\begin{verbatim}% Kommentar (optional)\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}\usepackage{german,verbatim}\begin{document}Text\end{document}\end{verbatim}Schreiben Sie den Text ohne Worttrennungen und ohneNumerierungen. Zeilenwechsel haben keine Bedeutungf"ur LaTeX, bevorzugen Sie kurze Zeilen. Abs"atzewerden durch Leerzeilen markiert.Die deutschen Umlaute werden als G"ansef"u\3chen mitfolgendem Grundlaut geschrieben, das \3 als Backslashmit folgender Ziffer 3. Es gibt weitere M"oglichkeiten,auch f"ur die Sonderzeichen anderer Sprachen.\section{Mathematische Formeln}Eine St"arke von LaTeX ist die Darstellung

O.1. TEXTBEISPIEL 93mathematischer Formeln. Hier drei nicht ganzeinfache Beispiele:\boldmath\begin{equation}c = \sqrt{a^{2} + {b}^2}\end{equation}\begin{equation}\oint \vec E\:d\vec s = - \frac {\,\partial}{\partial t}\int \vec B \:d\vec A\end{equation}\begin{equation}\frac{1}{2 \pi j} \int\limits_{x-j\infty}^{x+j\infty}e^{ts} \:f(s)\:ds =\left\{\begin{array}{r@{\quad \mbox{f"ur} \quad}l}0 & t < 0\\F(t) & t > 0\end{array} \right.\end{equation}\unboldmath\section{Schriftgr"o\3en}Ausgehend von der Grundgr"o\3e lassen sich f"ureinzelne Zeilen oder Abschnitte die Schriftgr"o\3enverkleinern oder vergr"o\3ern:{\tiny Diese Schrift ist winzig (tiny).}{\scriptsize Diese ist sehr klein (scriptsize).}{\footnotesize F"ur Fu\3noten (footnotesize).}{\small Diese Schrift ist klein (small).}{\normalsize Diese Schrift ist normal.}

94 ANHANG O. BEISPIELE LATEX{\large Jetzt wirds gr"o\3er (large).}{\Large Jetzt wirds noch gr"o\3er (Large).}{\LARGE Noch gr"o\3er (LARGE).}{\huge Riesige Schrift (huge).}{\Huge Gigantisch (Huge).} \\\noindentFormeln lassen sich nicht vergr"o\3ern oderverkleinern. Zur"uck zur Normalgr"o\3e. Diesebetr"agt auf DIN A4 am besten 12 Punkte.10 oder 11 Punkte sind auch m"oglich, aber schonetwas unbequem zu lesen. Weiterhin kann man "uberdie Schriftart die Lesbarkeit beeinflussen.Standard ist die Times Roman, eine gut lesbare,platzsparende Schrift. Soll es etwas deutlichersein, so ist die New Century Schoolbook zuempfehlen, die rund 10 \% mehr Platz beansprucht.\section{Arbeitsg"ange}Die Reihenfolge der einzelnen Schritte ist folgende:% Aufzaehlungen sind kein Problem, wie man sieht.\begin{itemize}\item mit einem Editor das File \verb+abc.tex+ schreiben,\item mit \verb+latex abc+ das File formatieren,\item mit \verb+latex abc+ Referenzen einsetzen,\item mit \verb+xdvi abc+ den formatierten Text anschauen,\item mit \verb+dvips -o abc.ps abc+ das Postscript-Fileerzeugen,\item mit \verb+lp -dlp4 abc.ps+ das Postscript-Filezum Drucker schicken.\end{itemize}LaTeX erzeugt dabei einige Zwischen- und Hilfsfiles.

O.2. GELATEXTE FORMELN 95\section{Literatur}\begin{enumerate}\item L. Lamport, LaTeX: A Document Preparation System\\Addison-Wesley, 1986\item H. Kopka, LaTeX - Eine Einf"uhrung\\Addison-Wesley, 1988\item H. Partl, E. Schlegl, I. Hyna:LaTeX-Kurz\-be\-schrei\-bung\\EDV-Zentrum der TU Wien\end{enumerate}% Nun kommt das Ende des Dokuments:\end{document}O.2 Gelatexte Formelnc = √ a 2 + b 2(O.1)3√1 + x ≈ 1 +x3für x ≪ 1 (O.2)a = F 0kr = 3 √34π V(O.3)sin xlimx→0 x = 1 (O.4)√(1 − Ω2ω 2 01) 2 + ( Ω ck )2(O.5)mẍ + cẋ + kx = ∑ kF k cos Ω k t(O.6)Θ d2 ϕdt 2 + k∗dϕ dt + D∗ ϕ = | ⃗ D|Ȳ ≈ f(¯x) + 1 2(O.7)N − 1N f ′′ (¯x) s 2 x (O.8)

96 ANHANG O. BEISPIELE LATEX⃗F Γ = − ΓmMr 2⃗e r = − ΓmMr 3 ⃗r (O.9)Arbeit ==∑lim ⃗Fi ∆⃗r i∆r i →0∫⃗r(t)⃗r 0⃗ F (⃗r ) d⃗r (O.10)∏j≥0( ∑k≥0a jk z k )= ∑ n≥0⃗x =z n ⎛⎜⎝∑h 0 ,k 1 ...≥0k 0 +k 1 +···=0⎛⎝ x − x ⎞sy − y s⎠z − z s⎞⎟a 0ko a 1k1 . . . ⎠(O.11)(O.12)12πj∫x+j∞x−j∞Ψ =⎛⎜⎝dE ω = V∮( ) ab e + fcd g − hRzij∣ ∣⎞⎟⎠(O.13) 1kl¯h · e − ¯hωπ 2 c 3ω3 T · dω (O.14)∫⃗E d⃗s = − ∂∂t{e ts f(s) ds =( ) ( n + 1 n= +k k)⃗B d ⃗ A0 für t < 0F (t) für t > 0( ) nk − 1(O.15)(O.16)(O.17)1 Fette Griechen gibt es nur als Großbuchstaben. Die Erzeugungdieser Fußnote war übrigens nicht einfach.

O.2. GELATEXTE FORMELN 97∀x ∈ R : x 2 ≥ 0 (O.18)∀x, y, z ∈ M : (xRy ∧ xRz) ⇒ y = z (O.19)ρ · ¯v k · ∂¯v j∂x k= − ∂ ¯p∂x j+A · B = Ā + ¯B∂ (µ ∂¯v )j− ρ vk ′ ∂x k ∂x v′ jk(O.20)(O.21)r ′ =v 1 ′ v′ 2√ √ (O.22)¯ ¯ v′2 1 v′2 2τ tur = ρl 2 | ∂ ¯v 1∂x 2| ∂ ¯v 1∂x 2(O.23)¨R = 1 Ψ (V 2r − Ṙ) + R ˙Φ¨Φ = [ 1Ψ (V ϕ − R ˙Φ) − 2Ṙ ˙Φ ] 1R¨Z = 1 Ψ (V Z − Ż)(O.24)ˆχ 2 =n(n − 1)B(n − B)V (r, ϑ, ϕ) =∞∑l=0k∑ (B i − E i ) 2i=14π2l + 1n i> χ 2 k−1;α (O.25)l∑m=−lq l,mY l,m ϑ, ϕ)r l+1(O.26)

98 ANHANG O. BEISPIELE LATEX⎛⃗q =⎜⎝⎞q 0,0q 1,1⎟⎠q 2,−2q 1,0q 1,−1q 2,2q 2,1q 2,0q 2,−1(O.27)q l ′ ′ ,m = ∑ ∞ o∑n ′ o,p q o,p (∇) l′ +o,m ′ −p;o,po=0 p=−oY l′ +o,m ′ −p(ϑ a , ϕ a )a l′ +o+1(O.28)q l,m = −q ′ l,mR 2l+1 l(ɛ i − ɛ a )l(ɛ a + ɛ i ) + ɛ a(O.29)⃗q ′ 1,1 = ⃗q ′ 1,0 + I 2,1⃗q ′ 2,0⃗q ′ 2,1 = ⃗q ′ 2,0 + I 1,2⃗q ′ 1,0(O.30)(O.31)∇ ±1∞∑l=04π2l + 1l∑m=−lq l,mY l,m (ϑ, ϕ)r l+1=∞∑l=04π2l + 1l∑m=−l( ˜ ∇ ±1 ) l,m q l,mY l+1,m±1 (ϑ, ϕ)r l+2(O.32)123{ }} {a + b + · · · + y +z} {{ }αβγLange Formeln muß man selbst in Zeilen auflösen:w + x + y + z =a + b + c + d + e + f +g + h + i + j + k + l(O.33)

O.3. FORMELN IM QUELLTEXT 99⎛N +1 =⎜⎝0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0( ˜∇ + ) 0,0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 ( ˜∇ + ) 1,1 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 ( ˜∇ + ) 1,0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 ( ˜∇ + ) 1,−1 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 ( ˜∇ + ) 2,2 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 ( ˜∇ + ) 2,1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 ( ˜∇ + ) 2,0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 ( ˜∇ + ) 2,−1 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ( ˜∇ + ) 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Wie man an Gleichung (O.24) auf Seite 97 sieht, muß manerforderlichenfalls bei einem Gleichungssystem (eqnarray) mittelsdes Kommandos \nonumber dafür sorgen, daß es nur eineeinzige, gemeinsame Nummer erhält. Zugleich ist dies hier einBeispiel für einen Bezug auf eine Gleichung.O.3 Formeln im Quelltext\begin{equation}c = \sqrt{a^{2} + b^{2}}\end{equation}\begin{equation}\sqrt[3]{1 + x} \approx 1 + \frac{x}{3}\qquad \mbox{f"ur} \quad x \ll 1\end{equation}\begin{equation}r = \root 3 \of {\frac{3}{4\pi} V}

100 ANHANG O. BEISPIELE LATEX\end{equation}\begin{equation}\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin x}{x} = 1\end{equation}\begin{equation}a = \frac{F_0}{k}\:\frac{1}{\sqrt{(1 - \frac{\Omega^2}{\omega_0^2})^2 + (\frac{\Omega_c}{k})^2}}\end{equation}\begin{equation}m\ddot x + c\dot x + kx = \sum_k F_k \cos \Omega_k t\end{equation}\begin{equation}\Theta \frac{d^2 \varphi}{dt^2} + k^\ast \frac{d \varphi}{dt}+ D^\ast \varphi = | \vec D |\end{equation}\begin{equation}\bar{Y} \approx f(\bar x) + \frac{1}{2}\, \frac{N - 1}{N}\,f’’(\bar{x})\,s_x^2\end{equation}\begin{equation}\vec{F_\Gamma} = - \frac{\Gamma m M}{r^2} \vec{e_r} =- \frac{\Gamma m M}{r^3} \vec{r}\end{equation}\begin{eqnarray}\mbox{Arbeit} & = & \lim_{\Delta r_i \to 0} \sum{\vec F_i \Delta \vec r_i}\nonumber \\& = & \int\limits_{\vec r_0}^{\vec r(t)}{\vec F(\vec r\,)\:d\vec r}\end{eqnarray}\begin{equation}\prod_{j\ge0}\left( \sum_{k\ge0} a_{jk}z^k \right) =\sum_{n \ge0} z^n \left(\sum_{h_0,k_1\ldots\ge0

O.3. FORMELN IM QUELLTEXT 101\atop k_0+k_1+\cdots=0}a_{0k_o} a_{1k_1}\ldots \right)\end{equation}\begin{equation}\vec x =\left( \begin{array}{c}x - x_s \\y - y_s \\z - z_s \\\end{array} \right)\end{equation}\begin{minipage}{120mm}\begin{displaymath}{\bf\Psi} = \left( \begin{array}{cc}\displaystyle{ab \choose cd}& \displaystyle \frac{e+f}{g-h} \\\Re z & \displaystyle \left| {ij \atop kl} \right|\end{array} \right)\end{displaymath}\end{minipage}\stepcounter{equation}\hspace*{\fill} (\theequation)\makebox[0pt][l]{\footnotema\footnotetext{Fette Griechen gibt es nur als Gro\3buchstabDie Erzeugung dieser Fu\3note war "ubrigens nicht einfach.\vspace{1mm}\begin{equation}dE_\omega = V \frac{\hbar}{\pi^2 c^3}\omega^3 \cdote ^{-\frac{\hbar \omega} {T}} \cdot d\omega\end{equation}\begin{equation}\oint \vec E\:d\vec s = - \frac {\,\partial}{\partial t}\int \vec B \:d\vec A\end{equation}\begin{equation}\frac{1}{2 \pi j} \int\limits_{x-j\infty}^{x+j\infty}

102 ANHANG O. BEISPIELE LATEXe^{ts} \:f(s)\:ds =\left\{\begin{array}{r@{\quad \mbox{f"ur} \quad}l}0 & t < 0\\F(t) & t > 0\end{array} \right.\end{equation}\begin{equation}{n+1 \choose k} = {n \choose k} + {n \choose k-1}\end{equation}\begin{equation}\mbox{\fbox{\parbox{60mm}{\begin{displaymath}\forall x \in {\rm R}: \qquad x^2 \geq 0\end{displaymath}}}}\end{equation}\vspace{1mm}\begin{equation}\forall x,y,z \in {\rm M}: \qquad (xRy \wedge xRz)\Rightarrow y = z\end{equation}\begin{equation}A \cdot B = \overline{\bar A + \bar B}\end{equation}\begin{equation}\rho \cdot \bar{v}_k \cdot \frac{\partial \bar{v}_j}{\partial{x}_k} = - \frac{\partial \bar{p}}{\partial x_j} + \frac{\partial}{\partial x_k}\left( \mu \frac{\partial \bar{v}_j}{\partial x_k}- \rho\:\overline{v’_k v’_j} \right)\end{equation}\begin{equation}r’ = \frac{\overline{v’_1 v’_2}}{\sqrt{\bar{v’^2_1}}\: \sqrt{\bar{v’^2_2}}}\end{equation}

O.3. FORMELN IM QUELLTEXT 103\begin{equation}\tau_{tur} = \rho l^2 \; | \frac{\partial \bar{v_1}}{\partial x_2} | \; \frac{\partial \bar{v_1}}{\partial x_2\end{equation}\begin{eqnarray}\label{formel}\ddot R & = & \frac{1}{\Psi} ( V_r - \dot R)+ R {\dot \Phi}^2 \nonumber\\\ddot \Phi & = & \big\lbrack \frac{1}{\Psi}(V_\varphi - R \dot \Phi )- 2 \dot R \dot \Phi \big\rbrack \frac{1}{R} \\\ddot Z & = & \frac{1}{\Psi}(V_Z-\dot Z) \nonumber\\\nonumber\end{eqnarray}\begin{equation}{\hat\chi}^2 = \frac{n(n-1)}{B(n-B)} \sum_{i=1}^k\frac{(B_i - E_i)^2}{n_i} > \chi_{k-1;\alpha}^2\end{equation}\begin{equation}V(r,\vartheta,\varphi)=\sum\limits_{l=0}^\infty\frac{4\pi}{2l+1}\sum\limits_{m=-l}^l \, q_{l,m} \frac{Y_{l,m}\vartheta,\varphi)}{r^{l+1}}\end{equation}\begin{eqnarray}\vec{q}= \left(\begin{array}{c}q_{0,0}\\q_{1,1}\\q_{1,0}\\q_{1,-1}\\q_{2,2}\\q_{2,1}\\q_{2,0}\\q_{2,-1}\\q_{2,-2}\\\end{array} \right)\end{eqnarray}\begin{equation}q’_{l’,m’}=\sum\limits_{o=0}^\infty\sum\limits_{p=-o}^on_{o,p} \; q_{o,p} \; (\nabla)_{l’+o,m’-p;o,p} \,

104 ANHANG O. BEISPIELE LATEX\frac{Y_{l’+o,m’-p}(\vartheta_a,\varphi_a)}{a^{l’+o+1}}\end{equation}\begin{equation}q_{l,m}= -q’_{l,m} R^{2l+1} \,\frac{l(\epsilon_i-\epsilon_a)}{l(\epsilon_a+\epsilon_i)+\epsilon_a}\end{equation}\begin{eqnarray}\vec{q’}_{1,1}=\vec{q’}_{1,0}+I_{2,1} \; \vec{q’}_{2,0}\\[0.3\vec{q’}_{2,1}=\vec{q’}_{2,0}+I_{1,2} \; \vec{q’}_{1,0}\end{eqnarray}\begin{eqnarray}\lefteqn{\nabla_{\pm 1} \sum\limits_{l=0}^{\infty}\frac{4\pi}{2l+1} \,\sum\limits_{m=-l}^{l} \: q_{l,m} \: \frac{Y_{l,m}(\vartheta,\varphi)}{r^{l+1}}}\nonumber \\[0.3cm]&&=\sum\limits_{l=0}^{\infty}\frac{4\pi}{2l+1} \,\sum\limits_{m=-l}^{l} \: (\tilde{\nabla_{\pm 1}})_{l,m}\, q_{l,m} \:\frac{Y_{l+1,m \pm 1}(\vartheta,\varphi)}{r^{l+2}}\end{eqnarray}\[ \underbrace{a + \overbrace{b + \cdots + y}^{123}+ z}_{\alpha\beta\gamma} \]Lange Formeln mu\3 man selbst in Zeilen aufl"osen:\begin{eqnarray}\lefteqn{w + x + y + z = } \hspace{1cm} \nonumber\\& & a + b + c + d + e + f + \\& & g + h + i + j + k + l \nonumber\end{eqnarray}\begin{eqnarray*}N_{+1}=\left(\begin{array}{*{8}{c@{\;}}c}0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\(\tilde{\nabla}_{+})_{0,0} & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\

O.3. FORMELN IM QUELLTEXT 1050 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\0 & (\tilde{\nabla}_{+})_{1,1} & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 00 & 0 & (\tilde{\nabla}_{+})_{1,0} & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 00 & 0 & 0 & (\tilde{\nabla}_{+})_{1,-1} & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 &0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & (\tilde{\nabla}_{+})_{2,2} & 0 & 0 & 0 & 00 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & (\tilde{\nabla}_{+})_{2,1} & 0 & 0 & 00 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & (\tilde{\nabla}_{+})_{2,0} & 0 & 00 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & (\tilde{\nabla}_{+})_{2,-1} &0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & (\tilde{\nabla}_{+})_{2,-20 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0\\\end{array}\right)\end{eqnarray*}\vspace{8mm}Wie man an Gleichung (\ref{formel}) auf Seite \pageref{forsieht, mu\3 man erforderlichenfalls bei einem Gleichungssy({\tt eqnarray}) mittels des Kommandos \verb+\nonumber+ dasorgen, da\3 es nur eine einzige, gemeinsame Nummer erh"alZugleich ist dies hier ein Beispiel f"ur einen Bezug auf eGleichung.

PSpezielle SprachenP.1 Hayes-Modem-KommandosDie Firma Hayes stellt Modems her und hat für diese einen Satzvon Kommandos geschaffen, der sich weltweit durchgesetzt hat.Die meisten Modems verstehen eine Übermenge des Standard-Befehlssatzes von Hayes. Da diese Kommandos (mit einer Ausnahme)mit at (= attention please) beginnen, werden sie auchals at-Kommandos bezeichnet. Es dürfen Groß- oder Kleinbuchstabenverwendet werden, jedoch nicht gemischt.ataatb0atb1atcatdateatfathatiatlatmatnatoatpatqatsn=ratsn?attatvatwatxatyatzat&bat&cAnswer CommandSelect CCITT Communication StandardSelect USA/Canada Communication StandardCarrier Control SelectionDial CommandCommand State Character Echo SelectionOn-line State Character Echo SelectionHook Command OptionsInternal Memory TestsSpeaker Volume Level SelectionSpeaker On/Off SelectionNegotiation of Handshake OptionsOn-line CommandSelect Pulse Dialing MethodResult Code Display OptionsWrite to S-Register nRead from S-Register nSelect Tone Dialing MethodResult Code Format OptionsNegotiation Progress Message SelectionCall Progress OptionsLong Space Disconnect OptionsSoft ResetV.32 Auto Retrain OptionsData Carrier Detect Options106

P.1. HAYES-MODEM-KOMMANDOS 107at&dat&fat&gat&jat&kat&lat&oat&qat&rat&sat&tat&uat&vat&wat&xat&yat&zData Terminal Ready OptionsRecall Factory ProfileGuard Tone SelectionJack Type SelectionLocal Flow Control OptionsLine Type SelectionPAD Channel SelectionCommunications Mode OptionsRTS/CTS OptionsData Set Ready OptionsTest OptionsTrellis Coding OptionsView Configuration ProfilesWrite Active Profile to MemorySynchronous Transmit Clock SourceSelect Stored Profile for Hard ResetStore Telephone NumberMehrere Kommandos dürfen zu einer Zeile vereinigt werden, wobeider at-Vorspann nur einmal zu Beginn erforderlich ist. MitRETURN wird das Kommando beendet und die Ausführung veranlaßt.Um im transparenten Modus (das heißt während desÜbertragens) in den Befehlsmodus zu schalten, ohne die Verbindungabzubrechen, ist das Kommando +++ gefolgt von einerPause von mindestens 1 sec zu geben. Eine für Deutschland verwendbareStartsequenz lautet:ATZAT S7=45 S0=0 V1 X3ATDP 0721,38340Die erste Zeile sorgt für ein Reset, dann wird das Register S7auf 45 Sekunden gesetzt. Falls das Modem innerhalb dieser Zeitnach dem Wählvorgang keine Antwort bekommt, legt es wiederauf. Der Wert 0 im Register S0 bewirkt, daß das Modemankommende Anrufe nicht beantwortet, also nur für abgehendeVerbindungen eingerichtet ist. Das Kommando V1 teilt demModem mit, Statusmeldungen (result codes) in Wortform, nichtals Zahlen auszugeben. X3 schließlich legt ein bestimmtes Antwortverhaltendes Modems fest. Die letzte Zeile veranlaßt die

108 ANHANG P. SPEZIELLE SPRACHENWahl der Nummer 0721-Pause-60451 im hierzulande gebräuchlichenPulswählverfahren. Geht alles gut, pfeift ein Modem desRechenzentrums der Universität Karlsruhe zurück.

QISO 3166 LändercodesBei den Namen von Computern im Internet ist es außerhalbder USA üblich, als letzten Teil den Ländercode nachISO 3166 anzugeben. Dies ist nicht zwingend, es gibt Bezeichnungen,die eine Organisation angeben und daher nicht von ISO3166 erfaßt werden. Die vollständige Tabelle findet sich unterftp://ftp.ripe.net/iso3166-countrycodes.Land A 2 A 3 NummerALBANIA AL ALB 008ALGERIA DZ DZA 012ANDORRA AD AND 020ARGENTINA AR ARG 032AUSTRALIA AU AUS 036AUSTRIA AT AUT 040BAVARIA, FREE STATE OF FB FBA 999BAHAMAS BS BHS 044BELARUS BY BLR 112BELGIUM BE BEL 056BOLIVIA BO BOL 068BOSNIA AND HERZEGOWINA BA BIH 070BRAZIL BR BRA 076BULGARIA BG BGR 100CANADA CA CAN 124CHILE CL CHL 152CHINA CN CHN 156CHRISTMAS ISLAND CX CXR 162COCOS ISLANDS CC CCK 166COLOMBIA CO COL 170CROATIA HR HRV 191CYPRUS CY CYP 196CZECH REPUBLIC CZ CZE 203DENMARK DK DNK 208ECUADOR EC ECU 218EGYPT EG EGY 818109

110 ANHANG Q. ISO 3166 LÄNDERCODESESTONIA EE EST 233FAROE ISLANDS FO FRO 234FINLAND FI FIN 246FRANCE FR FRA 250GEORGIA GE GEO 268GERMANY DE DEU 276GIBRALTAR GI GIB 292GREECE GR GRC 300GREENLAND GL GRL 304HONG KONG HK HKG 344HUNGARY HU HUN 348ICELAND IS ISL 352INDIA IN IND 356INDONESIA ID IDN 360IRELAND IE IRL 372ISRAEL IL ISR 376ITALY IT ITA 380JAPAN JP JPN 392KOREA, REPUBLIC OF KR KOR 410LATVIA LV LVA 428LEBANON LB LBN 422LIECHTENSTEIN LI LIE 438LITHUANIA LT LTU 440LUXEMBOURG LU LUX 442MACEDONIA, REPUBLIC OF MK MKD 807MALAYSIA MY MYS 458MALTA MT MLT 470MEXICO MX MEX 484MONACO MC MCO 492MOROCCO MA MAR 504NETHERLANDS NL NLD 528NEW ZEALAND NZ NZL 554NIUE NU NIU 570NORWAY NO NOR 578PAKISTAN PK PAK 586PERU PE PER 604POLAND PL POL 616PORTUGAL PT PRT 620QATAR QA QAT 634ROMANIA RO ROM 642

RUSSIAN FEDERATION RU RUS 643SAN MARINO SM SMR 674SAUDI ARABIA SA SAU 682SINGAPORE SG SGP 702SLOVAKIA SK SVK 703SLOVENIA SI SVN 705SOUTH AFRICA ZA ZAF 710SPAIN ES ESP 724SRI LANKA LK LKA 144SWEDEN SE SWE 752SWITZERLAND CH CHE 756TAIWAN TW TWN 158TONGA TO TON 776TRINIDAD + TOBAGO TT TTO 780TUNISIA TN TUN 788TURKEY TR TUR 792UKRAINE UA UKR 804UNITED KINGDOM GB GBR 826UNITED STATES US USA 840URUGUAY UY URY 858VATICAN VA VAT 336VENEZUELA VE VEN 862YUGOSLAVIA YU YUG 891111

R Requests For Comment(RFCs)Das Internet wird nicht durch Normen, sondern durch RFCs (RequestFor Comments) beschrieben, gegenwärtig etwa 4000 ander Zahl (Okt. 2004). Wird ein RFC durch einen neueren abgelöst,bekommt dieser auch eine neue, höhere Nummer. Es gibt alsokeine Versionen oder Ausgaben wie bei den DIN-Normen. DieBCPs und FYIs behalten ihre Nummer, auch wenn dahinter einneuer RFC steht. Sucht man eine Information, besorgt man sicheinen aktuellen Index der RFCs und startet in den Titeln, beider höchsten Nummer beginnend, eine Stichwortsuche. EinigeRFCs sind zugleich FYIs (For Your Information) mit eigener Zählung.Diese enthalten einführende Informationen. Andere RFCshaben den Rang von offiziellen Internet-Protokoll-Standards mitzusätzlicher, eigener Numerierung, siehe RFC 2900 Internet OfficialProtocol Standards vom August 2001, wobei ein Standardmehrere RFCs umfassen kann. Schließlich sind einige RFCs zugleichBCPs (Best Current Practice), siehe RFC 1818, oder RTRs(RARE Technical Report). Eine vollständige Sammlung findetsich auf ftp.nic.de/pub/rfc/. Die Dateien mit den Übersichtensind:• Request For Comments: rfc-index.txt, 600 kbyte,• For Your Information: fyi-index.txt, 10 kbyte,• Internet Standard: std-index.txt, 10 kbyte,• Best Current Practice: bcp-index.txt, 20 kbyte.Ähnlich auch bei www.rfc-editor.org/. Zusammenfassungen(Abstracts) der Entwürfe (Internet Drafts) zu kommenden RF-Cs finden sich bei www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.Genießen Sie RFCs, die an einem ersten April erschienen sind,mit Vorsicht. Hier folgt eine Auswahl von RFCs, nach der Nummersortiert.112

R.1. AUSGEWÄHLTE RFCS, OHNE FYIS 113R.1 Ausgewählte RFCs, ohne FYIs0001 Host Software (1969)0681 Network Unix (1975)0783 The TFTP Protocol (1981)0814 Name, Addresses, Ports, and Routes (1982)0821 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (1982)0894 A Standard for the Transmission of IP Datagrams over EthernetNetworks (1984)0902 ARPA-Internet Protocol policy (1984)0959 File Transfer Protocol (1985)1000 The Request For Comments Reference Guide (1987)1034 Domain names – concepts and facilities (1987)1036 Standard for Interchange of USENET Messages (1987)1087 Ethics and the Internet (1989)1094 NFS: Network File System Protocol Specification (1989)1118 Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Internet (1989)1122 Requirements for Internet Hosts – Communication Layers (1989)1123 Requirements for Internet Hosts – Application and Support (1989)1173 Responsibilities of Host and Network Managers (1991)1180 TCP/IP Tutorial (1991)1208 Glossary of Networking Terms (1991)1211 Problems with the Maintenance of Large Mailing Lists (1991)1281 Guidelines for the secure operations of the Internet (1991)1295 User bill of rights for entries and listing in the public directory (191296 Internet Growth (1981 – 1991) (1992)1310 Internet standards process (1992)1327 Mapping between X.400(1988)/ISO 10021 and RFC 822 (1992)1331 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) (1992)1336 Who’s who in the Internet (1992)1340 Assigned Numbers (1992)1345 Character Mnemonics and Character Sets (1992)1361 Simple Network Time Protocol (1992)1378 PPP AppleTalk Control Protocol (1992)1432 Recent Internet books (1993)1436 Internet Gopher Protocol (1993)1441 SMTP Introduction to version 2 of the Internet-standardNetwork Management Framework (1993)1459 Internet Relay Chat Protocol (1993)1460 Post Office Protocol - Version 3 (1993)

114 ANHANG R. REQUESTS FOR COMMENT (RFCS)1466 Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space (1993)1475 TP/IX: The Next Internet (1993)1501 OS/2 User Group (1993)1506 A Tutorial on Gatewaying between X.400 and Internet Mail (1993)1510 The Kerberos Network Authentication Service (1993)1511 Common Authentication Technology Overview (1993)1591 Domain Name System Structure and Delegation (1994)1601 Charter of the Internet Architecture Board (IAB) (1994)1602 The Internet Standards Process (1994)1603 IETF Working Group Guidelines and Procedures (1994)1607 A VIEW FROM THE 21ST CENTURY (1994)1610 Internet Official Protocol Standards (1994)1618 PPP over ISDN (1994)1661 The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) (1994)1684 Introduction to White Pages Services based on X.500 (1994)1690 Introducing the Internet Engineering and Planning Group(IEPG) (1994)1700 ASSIGNED NUMBERS (1994)1704 On Internet Authentication (1994)1738 Uniform Resource Locators (URL) (1994)1750 Randomness Recommendations for Security (1994)1752 The Recommendation for the IP Next Generation Protocol (1995)1775 To Be On the Internet (1995)1789 INETPhone: Telephone Services and Servers on Internet (1995)1808 Relative Uniform Resource Locators (1995)1818 Best Current Practices (1995)1825 Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol (1995)1835 Architecture of the WHOIS++ service (1995)1847 Security Multiparts for MIME: Multipart/Signed andMultipart/Encrypted (1995)1871 Addendum to RFC 1602 – Variance Procedure (1995)1881 IPv6 Address Allocation Management (1995)1882 The 12-Days of Technology Before Christmas (1995)1883 Internet Protocol, Version 6 (IPv6), Specification (1995)1898 CyberCash Credit Card Protocol Version 0.8. (1996)1912 Common DNS Operational and Configuration Errors (1996)1913 Architecture of the Whois++ Index Service (1996)1918 Address Allocation for Private Internets (1996)1924 A Compact Representation of IPv6 Addresses (1996)1925 The Twelve Networking Truths (1996)

R.1. AUSGEWÄHLTE RFCS, OHNE FYIS 1151928 SOCKS Protocol Version 5. (1996)1935 What is the Internet, Anyway? (1996)1938 A One-Time Password System (1996)1939 Post Office Protocol - Version 3. (1996)1945 Hypertext Transfer Protocol – HTTP/1.0. (1996)1952 GZIP file format specification version 4.3. (1996)1955 New Scheme for Internet Routing and Addressing (ENCAPS)for IPNG (1996)1957 Some Observations on Implementations of the Post Office Protocol(POP3) (1996)1958 Architectural Principles of the Internet (1996)1963 PPP Serial Data Transport Protocol (SDTP) (1996)1968 The PPP Encryption Control Protocol (ECP) (1996)1972 A Method for the Transmission of IPv6 Packets over EthernetNetworks (1996)1984 IAB and IESG Statement on Cryptographic Technology and theInternet (1996)1991 PGP Message Exchange Formats (1996)2014 IRTF Research Group Guidelines and Procedures (1996)2015 MIME Security with Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) (1996)2026 The Internet Standards Process – Revision 3. (1996)2030 Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) Version 4 for IPv4, IPv6 anOSI (1996)2045 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: FormatInternet Message Bodies (1996)2046 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two: MediaTypes (1996)2047 MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) Part Three: MessaHeader Extensions for Non-ASCII Text (1996)2048 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME) Part Four:Registration Procedures (1996)2049 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Five:Conformance Criteria and Examples (1996)2068 Hypertext Transfer Protocol – HTTP/1.1. (1997)2070 Internationalization of the Hypertext Markup Language (1997)2083 PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Specification (1997)2084 Considerations for Web Transaction Security (1997)2100 The Naming of Hosts (1997)2109 HTTP State Management Mechanism (1997)2110 MIME E-mail Encapsulation of Aggregate Documents, such as HT

116 ANHANG R. REQUESTS FOR COMMENT (RFCS)(MHTML) (1997)2111 Content-ID and Message-ID Uniform Resource Locators (1997)2112 The MIME Multipart/Related Content-type (1997)2133 Basic Socket Interface Extensions for IPv6 (1997)2134 Articles of Incorporation of Internet Society (1997)2135 Internet Society By-Laws (1997)2145 Use and Interpretation of HTTP Version Numbers (1997)2146 U.S. Government Internet Domain Names (1997)2147 TCP and UDP over IPv6 Jumbograms (1997)2153 PPP Vendor Extensions (1997)2167 Referral Whois (RWhois) Protocol V1.5. (1997)2168 Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using the Domain NameSystem (1997)2180 IMAP4 Multi-Accessed Mailbox Practice (1997)2182 Selection and Operation of Secondary DNS Servers (1997)2185 Routing Aspects of IPv6 Transition (1997)2186 Internet Cache Protocol (ICP), version 2 (1997)2187 Application of Internet Cache Protocol (ICP) (1997)2192 IMAP URL Scheme (1997)2202 Test Cases for HMAC-MD5 and HMAC-SHA-1 (1997)2212 Specification of Guaranteed Quality of Service (1997)2222 Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL) (1997)2223 Instructions to RFC Authors (1997)2228 FTP Security Extensions (1997)2231 MIME Parameter Value and Encoded Word Extensions:Character Sets, Languages, and Continuations (1997)2237 Japanese Character Encoding for Internet Messages (1997)2245 Anonymous SASL Mechanism (1997)2323 IETF Identification and Security Guidelines (1998)2418 IETF Working Group Guidelines and Procedures (1998)2437 RSA Cryptography Specification Version 2.0 (1998)2440 OpenPGP Message Format (1998)2444 The One-Time-Password SASL Mechanism (1998)2464 Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Ethernet Networks (1998)2468 I Remember IANA (1998)2482 Language Tagging in Unicode Plain Text (1999)2499 Request for Comments Summary (1999)2500 INTERNET OFFICIAL PROTOCOL STANDARDS (1999)2505 Anti-Spam Recommendations for SMTP MTAs (1999)2518 HTTP Extensions for Distributed Authoring (1999)

R.1. AUSGEWÄHLTE RFCS, OHNE FYIS 1172542 Terminology and Goals for Internet Fax (1999)2555 30 Years of RFCs (1999)2577 FTP Security Considerations (1999)2588 IP Multicast and Firewalls (1999)2611 URN Namespace Definition Mechanisms (1999)2616 Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTP/1.1 (1999)2626 The Internet and the Millenium Problem (1999)2628 Simple Cryptographic Program Interface (1999)2637 Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (1999)2639 Internet Printing Protocol/Implementer’s Guide (1999)2640 Internationalizationof the File Transfer Protocol (1999)2646 The Text/Plain Parameter (1999)2647 Benchmarking Terminology for Firewall Performance (1999)2651 The Architecture of the Common Indexing Protocol (1999)2659 Security Extensions For HTML (1999)2663 IP Network Address Translator (NAT) Terminology and Considera(1999)2675 IPv6 Jumbograms (1999)2683 IMAP4 Implementation Recommendations (1999)2685 Virtual Private Networks Identifier (1999)2691 A Memorandum of Understanding for an ICANN Protocol SupportOrganization (1999)2718 Guidelines for new URL Schemes (1999)2756 Hyper Text Caching Protocol (2000)2761 Terminology for ATM Benchmarking (2000)2766 Network Address Translation – Protocol Translation (2000)2773 Encryption using KEA and SKIPJACK (2000)2775 Internet Transparency (2000)2822 Internet Message Format (2001)2828 Internet Security Glossary (2000)2839 Internet Kermit Service (2000)2860 Memorandum of Understanding Concerning the Technical Workof the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (2000)2874 DNS Extensions to Support IPv6 Address Aggregation andRenumbering (2000)2875 Diffie-Hellman Proof-of-Possession Algorithms (2000)2888 Secure Remote Access with L2TP (2000)2901 Guide to Administrative Procedures of the InternetInfrastructure (2000)2910 Internet Printing Protocol/1.1 (2000)

118 ANHANG R. REQUESTS FOR COMMENT (RFCS)2913 MIME Content Types in Media Feature Expressions (2000)2924 Accounting Attributes and Record Formats (2000)2929 Domain Name System (DNS) IANA Considerations (2000)2938 Identifying Composite Media Features (2000)2960 Stream Control Transmission Protocol (2000)2965 HTTP State Management Mechanism (2000)2969 Wide Area Directory Deployment (2000)2977 Mobile IP Authentication, Authorization and AccountingReqirements (2000)2979 Behavior of and Requirements for Internet Firewalls (2000)2990 Next Steps for the IP QoS Architecture (2000)3001 A URN Namespace of Object Identifiers (2000)3002 Overview of 2000 IAB Wireless Internetworking Workshop (2000)3003 The audio/mpeg Media Type (2000)3010 NFS Version 4 Protocol (2000)3013 Recommended Internet Service Provider Security Servicesand Procedures (2000)3028 Sieve: A Mail Filtering Language (2001)3031 Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture (2001)3036 LDP Specification (2001)3076 Canonical XML Version 1.0 (2001)3072 Structured Data Exchange Format (SDXF) (2001)3093 Firewall Enhancement Protocol (FEP) (2001)3106 ECML v1.1: Field Specifications for E-Commerce (2001)3125 Electronic Signature Policies (2001)3143 Known HTTP Proxy/Caching Problems (2001)3377 LDAP (v3) Technical Specification (2002)3383 IANA Considerations for the LDAP (2002)R.2 1.-April-RFCsOhne Gewähr dafür, ob sie ernst gemeint sind oder nicht.0112 User/Server Site Protocol: Network host questionaire responses (1971)0499 Harvard’s Network RJE (1973)0748 Telnet randomly-lose option (1978)0777 Internet Control Message Protocol (1981)0779 Telnet send-location option (1981)0852 ARPANET short blocking feature (1983)0893 Trailer encapsulations (1984)

R.2. 1.-APRIL-RFCS 1190894 Standard for the transmission of IP datagrams over Ethernet netw(1984)0895 Standard for the transmission of IP datagrams over experimentalEthernet networks (1984)1147 FYI on a Network Management Tool Catalog0898 Gateway special interest group meeting notes (1984)0904 Exterior Gateway Protocol formal specification (1984)0905 ISO Transport Protocol specification ISO DP 8073 (1984)0940 Toward an Internet standard scheme for subnetting (1985)0941 Addendum to the network service definition covering networklayer addressing (1985)0943 Assigned numbers (1985)0944 Official ARPA-Internet protocols (1985)0982 Guidelines for the specification of the structure of theDomain Specific Part (DSP) of the ISO standardNSAP adress (1986)0983 ISO transport arrives on top of the TCP (1986)0995 End System to Intermediate System Routing Exchange Protocolfor use in conjunction with ISO 8473 (1986)0999 Requests For Comments summary notes: 900 - 999 (1987)1004 Distributed=protocol authentication scheme (1987)1050 RPC: Remote Procedure Call Protocol specification (1988)1052 IAB recommendations for the development of Internetnetwork management standards (1988)1053 Telnet X.3 PAD option (1988)1095 Common Management Information Services and Protocolover TCP/IP (1989)1097 Telnet subliminal-message option (1989)1100 IAB official protocol standards (1989)1101 DNS encoding of network names and other types (1989)1147 FYI on a Network Management Tool Catalog: Tools forMonitoring and Debugging TCP/IP Internets andInterconnected Devices (1990)1149 Standard for the transmission of IP datagrams on avian carriers (11151 Version 2 of the Reliable Data Protocol (RDP) (1990)1152 Workshop report: Internet research steering group workshopon very-high-speed networks (1990)1153 Digest message format (1990)1154 Encoding header field for internet messages (1990)1200 IAB official protocol standards (1991)

120 ANHANG R. REQUESTS FOR COMMENT (RFCS)1214 OSI internet management: Management Information Base (1991)1216 Gigabit network economics and paradigm shifts (1991)1217 Memo from the Consortium for Slow Commotion Research (1991)1218 Naming scheme for c=US (1991)1219 On the assignment of subnet numbers (1991)1220 Point-to-Point Protocol extensions for bridging (1991)1221 Host access protocol (HAP) specification: Version 2 (1991)1313 Today’s Programming for KRFC AM 1313 Internet Talk Radio (1992)1437 The Extension of MIME Content-Types to a New Medium (1993)1438 IETF Statements of Boredom (SOBs) (1993)1605 SONET to Sonnet Translation (1994)1606 A Historical Perspective On The Usage Of IP Version 9 (1994)1607 A View from the 21st Century (1994)1776 The Address is the Message (1995)1924 A Compact Representaion of IPv6 Adresses (1996)1925 The Twelve Networking Truths (1996)1926 An Experimental Encapsulation of IP Datagrams on Top of ATM (19961927 Suggested Additional MIME Types for Associating Documents (1996)2100 The Naming of Hosts (1997)2321 RITA – The Reliable Internetwork Troubleshooting Agent (1998)2322 Management of IP numbers by peg-dhcp (1998)2323 IETF Identification and Security Guidelines (1998)2324 Hypertext Coffee Pot Control Protocol HTCPCP/1.0 (1998)2325 Definitons of Managed Objects for Drip-Type Heated BeverageHardware Devices Using SMIv2 (1998)2549 IP Over Avian Carriers with Quality of Service (1999)2550 Y10K and Beyond (1999)2551 The Roman Standards Process – Revision III (1999)2795 The Infinite Monkey Protocol Suite (2000)3091 Pi Digit Generation Protocol (2001)3092 Etymology of Foo (2001)3093 Firewall Enhancement Protocol (FEP) (2001)3251 Electricity over IP (2002)3252 Binary Lexical Octet Ad-hoc Transport (2002)R.3 Alle FYIs0001 FYI on FYI: Introduction to the FYI notes (1990) (RFC1150)0002 FYI on a Network Management Tool Catalog: Tools for monitoring

R.3. ALLE FYIS 121and debugging TCP/IP internets and interconnecteddevices (1993) (RFC1470)0003 FYI on Where to Start: A bibliography of internetworkinginformation (1991) (RFC1175)0004 FYI on Questions and Answers - Answers to Commonly asked NewInternet User Questions (1999) (RFC2664)0005 Choosing a name for your computer (1991) (RFC1178)0006 FYI on the X Window System (1991) (RFC1198)0007 FYI on Questions and Answers: Answers to commonly askedexperienced Internet user questions (1991) (RFC1207)0008 Site Security Handbook (1997) (RFC2196)0009 Who’s Who in the Internet: Biographies of IAB, IESG andIRSG Members (1992) (RFC1336)0010 There is Gold in them thar Networks! or Searching for Treasurein all the Wrong Places (1993) (RFC1402)0011 X.500 Implementations Catalog-96 (1997) (RFC2116)0012 Building a Network Information Services Infrastructure(1992) (RFC1302)0013 Executive Introduction to Directory Services Using theX.500 Protocol (1992) (RFC1308)0014 Technical Overview of Directory Services Using theX.500 Protocol (1992) (RFC1309)0015 Privacy and Accuracy Issues in Network Information CenterDatabases (1992) (RFC1355)0016 Connecting to the Internet – What Connecting InstitutionsShould Anticipate (1992) (RFC1359)0017 The Tao of IETF - A Guide for New Attendees of the InternetEngineering Task Force (2001) (RFC3160)0018 Internet Users’ Glossary (1996) (RFC1983)0019 FYI on Introducing the Internet – A Short Bibliography ofIntroductory Internetworking Readings (1993) (RFC1463)0020 FYI on What is the Internet (1993) (RFC1462)0021 A Survey of Advanced Usages of X.500 (1993) (RFC1491)0022 Frequently Asked Questions for Schools (1996) (RFC1941)0023 Guide to Network Resource Tool (1994) (RFC1580)0024 How to Use Anonymous FTP (1994) (RFC1635)0025 A Status Report on Networked Information Retrieval:Tools and Groups (1994) (RFC1689)0026 K-12 Internetworking Guidelines (1994) (RFC1709)0027 Tools for DNS debugging (1994) (RFC1713)

122 ANHANG R. REQUESTS FOR COMMENT (RFCS)0028 Netiquette Guidelines (1995) (RFC1855)0029 Catalogue of Network Training Materials (1996) (RFC2007)0030 A Primer On Internet and TCP/IP Tools and Utilities (1997) (RFC21510031 Humanities and Arts: Sharing Center Stage on the Internet(1997) (RFC2150)0032 Hobbes’ Internet Timeline (1997) (RFC2235)0033 Some Testing Tools for TCP Implementors (1998) (RFC2398)0034 Users’ Security Handbook (1999) (RFC2504)0035 DON’T SPEW. A Set of Guidelines for Mass Unsolicited Mailings andPostings (spam*) (1999) (RFC2635)0036 Internet Security Glossary (2000) (RFC2828)0037 Guide to Administrative Procedures of the Internet Infrastructure(2000) (RFC2901)0038 How to Advertise Responsibly Using E-Mail and Newsgroups (2001) (RR.4 Alle BCPs0001 Best Current Practices (1995) (RFC1818)0002 Addendum to RFC 1602 – Variance Procedure (1995) (RFC1871)0003 Variance for The PPP Connection Control Protocol and The PPPEncryption Control Protocol (1996) (RFC1915)0004 An Appeal to the Internet Community to Return UnusedIP Networks (Prefixes) to the IANA (1996) (RFC1917)0005 Address Allocation for Private Internets (1996) (RFC1918)0006 Guidelines for creation, selection, and registration of anAutonomous System (AS) (1996) (RFC1930)0007 Implications of Various Address Allocation Policies forInternet Routing (1996) (RFC2008)0008 IRTF Research Group Guidelines and Procedures (1996) (RFC2014)0009 The Internet Standards Process – Revision 3 (1996) (RFC2026)0010 IAB and IESG Selection, Confirmation, and Recall Process:Operation of the Nominating and Recall Committees(2000) (RFC2727)0011 The Organizations Involved in the IETF Standards Process(1996) (RFC2028)0012 Internet Registry IP Allocation Guidelines (1996) (RFC2050)0013 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME) Part Four:Registration Procedures (1996) (RFC2048)0014 Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels

R.4. ALLE BCPS 123(1997) (RFC2119)0015 Deployment of the Internet White Pages Service (1997) (RFC2148)0016 Selection and Operation of Secondary DNS Servers (1997) (RFC210017 Use of DNS Aliases for Network Services (1997) (RFC2219)0018 IETF Policy on Character Sets and Languages (1998) (RFC2277)0019 IANA Charset Registration Procedures (2000) (RFC2978)0020 Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA delegation (1998) (RFC2317)0021 Expectations for Computer Security Incident Response (1998)(RFC2350)0022 Guide for Internet Standards Writers (1998) (RFC2360)0023 Administratively Scoped IP Multicast (1998) (RFC2365)0024 RSVP over ATM Implementation Guidelines (1998) (RFC2379)0025 IETF Working Group Guidelines and Procedures (1998) (RFC24180026 Guidelines for Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs(1998) (RFC2434)0027 Advancement of MIB specifications on the IETF Standards Track(1998) (RFC2438)0028 Enhancing TCP Over Satellite Channels using Standard Mechanis(1999) (RFC2488)0029 Procedure for Defining New DHCP Options (1999) (RFC2489)0030 Anti-Spam Recommendations for SMTP MTAs (1999) (RFC2505)0031 Media Feature Tag Registration Procedure (1999) (RFC2506)0032 Reserved Top Level DNS Names (1999) (RFC2606)0033 URN Namespace Definition Mechanisms (1999) (RFC2611)0034 Changing the Default for Directed Broadcasts in Routers(1999) (RFC2644)0035 Registration Procedures for URL Scheme Names (1999) (RFC27170036 Guidelines for Writers of RTP Payload Format Specifications(1999) (RFC2736)0037 IANA Allocation Guidelines For Values In the Internet Protocoland Related Headers (2000) (RFC2780)0038 Network Ingress Filtering: Defeating Denial of Service Attackswhich employ IP Source Address Spoofing (2000) (RFC2827)0039 Charter of the Internet Architecture Board (IAB) (2000) (RFC28500040 Root Name Server Operational Requirements (2000) (RFC2870)0041 Congestion Control Principles (2000) (RFC2914)0042 Domain Name System (DNS) IANA Considerations (2000) (RFC290043 Procedures and IANA Guidelines for Definition of New DHCP Optand Message Types (2000) (RFC2939)0044 Use of HTTP State Management (2000) (RFC2964)

124 ANHANG R. REQUESTS FOR COMMENT (RFCS)0045 IETF Discussion List Charter (2000) (RFC3005)0046 Recommended Internet Service Provider Security Servicesand Procedures (2000) (RFC3013)0047 Tags for the Identification of Languages (2001) (RFC3066)0048 End-to-end Performance Implications of Slow Links (2001) (RFC3150)0049 Delegation of IP6.ARPA (2001) (RFC3152)0050 End-to-end Performance Implications of Links with Errors(2001) (RFC3155)0051 IANA Guidelines for IPv4 Multicast Address Assignments (2001)(RFC3171)0052 Management Guidelines & Operational Requirements for the Addressand Routing Parameter Area Domain (arpa) (2001) (RFC3172)0053 GLOP Addressing in 233/8 (2001) (RFC3180)0054 IETF Guidelines for Conduct () (RFC3184)0055 Guidelines for Evidence Collection and Archiving () (RFC3227)0056 On the use of HTTP as a Substrate () (RFC3205)0057 IANA Considerations for IPv4 Internet Group ManagementProtocol (IGMP) () (RFC3228)0058 Defining the IETF () (RFC3233)0059 A Transient Prefix for Identifying Profiles underDevelopment () (RFC3349)0060 Inappropriate TCP Resets Considered Harmful () (RFC3360)0061 Strong Security Requirements for Internet EngineeringTask Force Standard Protocols () (RFC3365)0062 Advice to link designers on link Automatic Repeat reQuest(ARQ) () (RFC3366)0063 Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for Telephones (SIP-T):Context and Architectures () (RFC3372)0064 Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) Considerationsfor the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol(LDAP) () (RFC3383)0065 Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDS) Part Five:URLARPA Assignment Procedures (2002) (RFC3405)0066 Uniform Resource Names (URN) Namespace DefinitionMechanisms (2002) (RFC3406)0067 Change Process for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)(2002) (RFC3427)0068 Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) IANA Considerations Update(2002) (RFC3438)0069 TCP Performance Implications of Network Path Asymmetrie

R.4. ALLE BCPS 125(2002) (RFC3449)0070 Guidelines for the Use of XML within IETF Protocols(2003) (RFC3470)0071 TCP over Second (2.5G) and Third (3G) Generation WirelessNetworks (2003) (RFC3481)0072 Guidelines for Writing RFC Text on Security Considerations(2003) (RFC3552)0073 An IETF URN Sub-namespace for Registered Protocol Parameters(2003) (RFC3553)0074 Coexistence between Version 1, Version 2, and Version 3 of theInternet-standard Network Management Framework(2003) (RFC3584)0075 Session Inititation Protocol (SIP). Basic Call Flow Examples(2003) (RFC3665)0076 Session Inittiation Protocol (SIP). Public Switched TelephoneNetwork (PSTN) Call Flows. (2003) (RFC3666)0077 IETF ISOC Boardof Trustee Appointment Procedures(2003) (RFC3677)0078 IETF Rights in Contributions (2004) (RFC3667)0079 Intellectual Property Rights in IETF Technology(2004) (RFC3668)0080 Delegation of E.F.F.3.IP6.ARPA. (2004) (RFC3681)0081 The IETF XML Registry. (2004) (RFC3688)0082 Assigning Experimental and Testing Numbers Considered Useful(2004) (RFC3692)0083 A Practice for Revoking Posting Rights to IETF Mailing Lists(2004) (RFC3683)0084 Ingress Filtering for Multihomed NetworksBest(2004) Current (RFC3704) Practices0085for Third Party Call Control (3pcc)in the Session Inititation Protocol (SIP)(2004) (RFC3725)0086 Determining Strength for Public Keys Used for ExchangingSymmetric Keys. (2004) (RFC3766)0087 Use of Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) Metric as a secondMPLS Traffic Engineering (TE) Metric(2004) (RFC3785)0088 IANA Considerations for the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)(2004) (RFC3818)0089 Advice for Internet Subnetwork Designers(2004) (RFC3819)

SInternet-ProtokolleEin Protokoll ist ein Satz von Regeln zur Verständigung zwischenzwei Computern oder Peripheriegeräten. Hier die wichtigstenim Internet verwendeten Protokolle:3DESE PPP Triple-DES Encryption Protocol (RFC 2420)ACAP Application Configuration Access Protocol (RFC 2244)AgentX Agent Extensibility Protocol (RFC 2257)ARP Address Resolution Protocol (RFC 826)ATMP Ascend Tunnel Management Protocol )RFC 2107)BAP PPP Bandwidth Allocation Protocol (RFC 2125)BACP PPP Bandwidth Allocation Control Protocol (RFC 2125)BGP Border Gateway Protocol (RFC 1771)BOOTP Bootstrap Protocol (RFC 951, 1542)CCP PPP Compression Control Protocol (RFC 1962)CHAP PPP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (RFC 1994)CMOT Common Management Information Protocol over TCP (RFC 1095)DCAP Data Link Switching Client Access Protocol (RFC 2114)DESE-bisPPP DES Encryption Protocol (RFC 2419)DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (RFC 2131)DLSw Data Link Switching Protocol (RFC 1795)DSP A Dictionary Server Protocol (RFC 2229)EAP PPP Extensible Authenication Protocol (RFC 2284)EARP Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol (RFC 826)Echo Echo Protocol (RFC 862)ECP PPP Encryption Control Protocol (RFC 1968)EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol (RFC 827, 904)ESRO Efficient Short Remote Operations Protocol (RFC 2188)FANP Flow Attribute Notification Protocol (RFC 2129)Finger Finger User Information Protocol (RFC 1288)FOOBARFTP Operation Over Big Address Records Protocol (RFC 1639)FTP File Transfer Protocol (RFC 959, 2228)GKMP Group Key Management Protocol Specification (RFC 2093)Gopher Internet gopher Protocol (RFC 1436)HTCPC Hypertext Coffee Pot Control Protocol (RFC 2324)HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol (RFC 2068)126

127IARP Inverse Address Resolution Protocol (RFC 2390)ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol (RFC 792, 950)ICMPv6Internet Control Message Protocol version 6 (RFC 1885)ICP Internet Cache Protocol (RFC 2186)IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol (RFC 2236)IMAP Internet Message Access Protocol (RFC 2060)IMPP Instant Messaging/Presence Protocol (RFC 2779)IOTP Internet Open Trading Protocol (RFC 2935)IP Internet Protocol (RFC 791)IPng Recommendation for the IP next generation Protocol (RFC 1752)IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6 (RFC 1883)IRC Internet Relay Chat Protocol (RFC 1459)LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (RFC 2251)LFAP Lightweight Flow Admission Protocol (RFC 2124)MAPOS Multiple Access Protocol over SONET (RFC 2171)MP PPP Multilink Protocol (RFC 1990)MPPC Microsoft Point-to-Point Compression Protocol (RFC 2118)NBFCP NetBIOS Frames Control Protocol (RFC 2097)NFS Network File System Protocol (RFC 1094 und 1813)NHRP NBMA Next Hop Resolution Protocol (RFC 2332)NNTP Network News Transport Protocol (RFC 977)NTP Network Time Protocol (RFC 1305)OFTP ODETTE File Transfer Protocol (RFC 2204)PIM-SMProtocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (RFC 2362)POP Post Office Protocol (RFC 1939)PPP Point to Point Protocol (RFC 1661, 2153)RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RFC 903)RIP Routing Information Protocol (RFC 1723)RPC Remote Procedure Call Protocol (RFC 1057, 1831 und 2339)RSVP Resource Reservation Protocol (RFC 2205)RTP Transport Protocol for Realtime Applications (RFC 1889)RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol (RFC 2326)RWhois Referral Whois Protocol (RFC 2167)SCSP Server Cache Synchronization Protocol (RFC 2334)SDP Session Description Protocol (RFC 2327)SDTP PPP Serial Data Transport Protocol (RFC 1963)SLP Service Location Protocol (RFC 2165)SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (RFC 821)SNACP PPP SNA Control Protocol (RFC 2043)SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol (RFC 1157)

128 ANHANG S. INTERNET-PROTOKOLLESNQP Simple Nomenclator Query Protocol (RFC 2259)SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol (RFC 2030)SOCKS SOCKS Protocol (RFC 1928)TCP Transmission Control Protocol (RFC 793)Telnet Telnet Protocol (RFC 854)TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol (RFC 783 und 1350)TIP Transaction Internet Protocol (RFC 2371)UDP User Datagram Protocol (RFC 768)VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (RFC 2338)XNSCP PPP XNS IDP Control Protocol (RFC 1764)Siehe auch RFC 2700: Internet Official Protocol Standards vomAugust 2000.

T Frequently Asked Questions(FAQs)In vielen Newsgruppen tauchen immer wieder dieselben Fragenauf. Irgendwann erbarmt sich ein Leser und sammelt sie samtden zugehörigen Antworten unter der Überschrift Frequently AskedQuestions, abgekürzt FAQ. Diese FAQs (man beachte: derPlural eines Plurals) sind eine wertvolle Informationsquelle. DieSpektren der Themen und der Qualität sind so breit wie dasNetz. Innerhalb der Netnews enthalten die FAQs naturgemäßnur Text, manche werden jedoch parallel dazu im WWW angebotenund können dort Grafik verwenden. Sie sind zu finden:• in der jeweiligen Newsgruppe,• in der Newsgruppe news.answers bzw. de.answers,• auf http://www.cs.ruu.nl/cgi-bin/faqwais (UniversitätUtrecht)• auf http://www.faqs.org/,• auf rtfm.mit.edu in den Verzeichnissen/pub/usenet-by-group/ bzw./pub/usenet-by-hierarchie/.Um einen Überblick zu gewinnen, hole man sich per FTPvom MIT die Datei Index-byname.gz. Nachfolgend sind einigeFAQs aufgeführt, aber bei weitem nicht alle:• Unix - Frequently Asked Questions, incomp.unix.questions. Siebenteilig, von TED TIMAR,seit 1989, daher ausgereift.• Unix Programming FAQ, in comp.unix.programmer.• Unix-FAQ/Shell, in comp.unix.shell. Von TED TIMAR.• Linux META-FAQ, in comp.os.linux.announce.• NetBSD, FreeBSD, and OpenBSD FAQ, gemeinsameszehnteiliges FAQ-Dokument in– comp.unix.bsd.netbsd.announce,129

130 ANHANG T. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQS)– comp.unix.bsd.freebsd.announce und– comp.unix.openbsd.announce.• vi Editor FAQ, in comp.editors undcomp.unix.questions. Zweiteilig.• comp.lang.perl* FAQ, in comp.lang.perl.announce.Fünfteilig.• The X Toolkit Intrinsics FAQ, in comp.windows.x.• Catalog of compilers, interpreters, and other languagetools, in comp.compilers und comp.lang.misc. Fünfteilig.• Comp.software.eng FAQ, in comp.software.eng.• FAQ List (zur Sprache C), in comp.lang.c.• C++ FAQ, in comp.lang.c++. Achtteilig.• Available C++ libraries FAQ, in comp.lang.c++. Sechsteilig.• Comp.lang.objective-c FAQ, in comp.lang.objective-c.Dreiteilig.• TCP/IP Resources List, in comp.protocols.tcp-ip.• TCP/IP Applications FAQ, in comp.protocols.tcp-ip.• FAQ: Internet-Zugänge in Deutschland, in de.etc.lists.• Netiquette für de.*. in de.newusers.questions.• Anonymous FTP Sitelist, in comp.archives. Dreiundzwanzigteilig.• World Wide Web FAQ, Introduction, incomp.infosystems.www. Von THOMAS BOUTELL.• comp.graphics.algorithms FAQ, incomp.graphics.algorithms.• comp.text FAQ, in comp.text.• TeX, LaTeX, Dante e. V. FAQ, in de.comp.text.tex. Elfteilig.• alt.comp.virus FAQ, in comp.virus. Dreiteilig.Natürlich gibt es auch FAQs zu Themen außerhalb der Informatik,beispielsweise de.rec.fahrrad FAQ, sechsteilig undmonatlich in der Newsgruppe de.rec.fahrrad zu finden.

U Abkürzungen aus Informatikund TelekommunikationGehen wir von 30 Zeichen aus, aus denen Abkürzungen gebildetwerden, und nehmen wir eine größte Länge von 5 Zeichenan, so lassen sich 25.137.930 verschiedene Abkürzungen bilden(Kombinationen mit Wiederholung und Berücksichtigung derReihenfolge). Es folgt eine Auswahl von rund 13000 Abkürzungenaus den Bereichen Informatik und Telekommunikation. DieAbkürzungen werden hier durchgehend groß geschrieben, Akzente,Bindestriche und dergleichen wurden weggelassen. EinigeAbkürzungen sind geschützte Namen; diese sind nicht gekennzeichnet.Die Liste beschreibt nur den Gebrauch, sie legt nichteine Definition fest.16CIF16QAM1GL1TR62GL2L82MS3GIO3GL3GPP3LH3PCC4CIF4GL4LH5GL64QAM6GL7E18N110GE16 times Common Intermediate Format (Picture Format)16-state Quadrature Amplitude Modulation1st Generation Language (Maschinencode)(ISDN-Protokoll D-Kanal, national)2nd Generation Language (Assembler)Too Late (Slang)Strukturierte Monopolleitung 2 Mbit/s3rd Generation I/O (Bus, Interface)3rd Generation Language (C/C++, Fortran, Cobol)3rd Generation Partnership Program3rd Level Hierarchy3rd Party Call Control4 times Common Intermediate Format (Picture Format)4th Generation Language (SQL, Labview, ABAP)4th Level Hierarchy5th Generation Language64-state Quadrature Amplitude Modulation6th Generation Language(Zeichenformat: 7 Bits/Zeichen, parity even, 1 Stopbit)(Zeichenformat: 8 Bits/Zeichen, no parity bit, 1 Stopbit)10 GBit/s Ethernet131

132ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIAA2DPAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIAABAACAACAACDAACEAACRAACSAACSAACSAACSAADAADPAAEAAEAAFIDAAICAALAALAALAALPDUAAMAAMOFAANAAPAAPAdvanced, American, Amplitude, Application, Architecture, Area, AAdvanced Audio Distribution ProfileAccess AuthorizationAiming AlgorithmAnti-AliasingArbitrary AccessAssistant AdministratorAudits + AssessmentsAuto AnswerAuthentication, Authorization, Accounting (system)Aussuchen – Auspacken – Anpassen – AnwendenAssociation for the Abolition of Abused Abbreviations and AsinineAmerican Association of Artificial IntelligenceAll-to-All BroadcastAdvanced Audio Coder/CodingApple Assistance CenterAcademic Administrative Computing ServicesAssociation for the Advancement of Computing in EducationAnglo-American Cataloging RulesAdvanced/Automated Access Content/Control SystemAnn Arbor Computer SocietyAsynchronous Address Communication SystemAutomated Analog Circuit SynthesisAddress AdderAdministrative Automatic Data ProcessingAllgemeine Anschalt-ErlaubnisAutomatische AnrufeinrichtungAutonomous Agent For Intrusion DetectionAccounting Authority Identification CodeAbsolute Assembly LanguageAsynchronous Transfer Mode Adaption LayerATM Adaptation LayerAAL Protocol Data UnitAutomatic Acoustic ManagementAs A Matter Of Fact (Slang)Associated Account NumberAdvanced Adaptive ProtocolApplications Access Point

133AAPAAPIAARAARPAASAASAASPAATAATISAATPAAUIAAVDABABABAPABBABCABCABCABCABCDABCSABDABENDABFABIABICABIOSABISTABKABLEABLEABMABMABNABNFABNSABRABRABRDAssociation of American PublishersAudio Applications Programming InterfaceAnfangsadressregisterAppleTalk Address Resolution ProtocolAll-to-All ScatterArithmetic Assignment StatementASCII Asynchronous Support PackageAverage Access TimeArbeitskreis Amateurfunk und Telekommunikation in der SchAuthorized Academic Training ProgramApple Attachment Unit InterfaceAutomatic Alternate Voice DataAnrufbeantworterAusser BetriebAdvanced Business Application Programming (SAP)ASEA Brown Boveri (Schweiz)American Broadcasting CompanyApplications of Broadband CommunicationAtanasoff-Berry-ComputerAutomatic Brightness ControlAdd, Browse, Change, DeleteAdvanced Business Communications via SatelliteAutomatic Baudrate DetectionAbnormal EndAdobe Binary Screen FontApplication Binary InterfaceAccess Bus Industry GroupAdvanced Basic Input Output SystemAutomatic Built-In Self TestArbeitskreis BildkommunikationAdaptive Battery Life ExtenderAgent Building and Learning EnvironmentAnything But MicrosoftAsynchronous Balanced ModeAustralian Bibliographic NetworkAugmented Backus-Naur FormApplication Based Network ServicesAutomated Beacon RemovalAvailable Bit RateAutomatic Baud Rate Detection

134ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIABRSABSABSABSABTABTABTDTABTITABTSACACACACACACACACACACACAACAPACAPACASACATSACCACCACCACCACCACCMAILACCUACDACDFACDGACDIACDPACEACEACEACEAutomated Book Request SystemAddress Book SynchronizationAuthorized Bearer Services (Exceptions)Automatic Backup ShutdownAbortATM Block TransferATM Block Transfer Delayed TransmissionATM Block Transfer Immediate TransmissionASCII Block Terminal ServicesAccess/Automatic ControlAccess ConcentratorAccumulatorAdvisory CommitteeAlternating CurrentAnalogue ComputerArc ConsistencyAudio Code/Codec/CodingAuthority CenterAuto CheckApplication Control Architecture (DEC)Application Configuration Access ProtocolAutomated Content Access ProtocolApplication Control Architecture ServicesAdvisory Committee on Advanced Television SystemsAbnormal Condition ControlAccessAccumulatorAdaptive Cruise ControlArea Communication ControllerAccessing the Internet via EmailAssociation of C and C++ UsersAutomated/Automatic Call Director/Distributor/DistributionAccess Control Decision FunctionAutomatic Call Distribution GroupAsynchronous Communication Device InterfaceAustralian Committee on Data ProcessingA Compact Evaluated Nuclear Data FileAccess Control Encryption/EntryAdaptive Communication EnvironmentAdditional Core Enhancements

135ACEACEACEACEACEACELPACFACFACFACFACFCACFMACHACIACIACIACIACIACIACIAACIAACIASACIDACIDACIDACISACKACKACLACLACLACLACLACLACLSACLUACMACMACMEACMSAdobe Certified ExpertAdvanced Computing Environment (SCO)Adverse Channel EnhancementASCII Compatible EncodingAutomatic Calling EquipmentAlgebraic Code Excited Linear PredictionAccess Control FieldAdmission ConfirmationAdvanced Communication FunctionAttribute Configuration FileAddress and Control Field CompressionAlternating Current Frequency ModulationAutomeated Clearing HouseAccess Control InformationAdjacent Channel InterferenceAdvanced Chip InterconnectionAdvanced Computing InitiativeAmerican Computer InnovatorsApplication Communication InterfaceAccess Control Inner AreaAsynchronous Communication Interface AdapterAutomated Calibration Internal Analysis SystemAdd, Change, Inquire, DeleteAnalysis Console for Intrusion DatabasesAtomicity, Consistency, Isolation, DurabilityAmerican Committee for Interoperable SystemsAcknowledge/AcknowledgementAmsterdam Compiler KitAccess Control ListAccount ClassificationAdvanced Computing LaboratoryAgent Communication LanguageApplication Connectivity LinkAsynchronous Connectionless LinkAccounting Class Packet ServicesAmerican Civil Liberties Union, USAAssociation for Computing Machinery, USAAudio Compression ManagerAssembling Configuration Management EnvironmentsApplication Control Management System

136ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIACONETACOPSACOSACPACPACPACPACPACPIACPICAACRACRACRACRGACROSSACSACSACSACSACSACSACSAACSEACSKACSNETACSRACSSACTACTACTAACTIACTLACTLUACTPUACTSACTSACTSACTTACTUACTVAkademisches Computer-Netz, ÖsterrreichAutomatic CPU Overheat Prevention SystemAdditional Call Offering ServiceAnalog Copy ProtectionAncillary Control ProgramAutomatic Channel ProgrammingAuxiliary Control ProcessAverage CPU PowerAdvanced Configuration and Power InterfaceAdvanced Configuration and Power Management Interface CompoAdvanced Communication RiserAllowed Cell RateAttenuation to Crosstalk RatioAccess Code Restriction GroupAutomated Cargo Release and Operations Service SystemAccess Control Server/Set/SystemAccount Control SystemAdvanced Communication/Computer SystemAldus Color FileAnti Curl SystemAsynchronous Communication ServerAccess Control Specific AreaAssociation Control Service Element/EntityAdaptive Code Shift KeyingAustralian Computer Science NetworkAutomatic Customer Station RearrangementAudio Cascading Style SheetAdvanced Communication for TrainingApplied Computerized Telephony (HP)America’s Carriers Telecommunication AssociationAdvanced Computational Technology InitiativeAccess Customer Terminal LocationActive Logical UnitActive Physical UnitAdvanced Communications Technologies and ServicesAdvanced Communications Technology SatelliteAutomated Computer Time Service (NIST)Advanced Communication and Timekeeping TechnologyActive UserAdvanced Compatible Television

137ACUACUACUACVCACWTA/DADADADADAADAADAADABASADAICADAMADAMADATADBADBADCADCADCADCADCADCADCCPADDADDADDADDMDADDXADEADEADEOSADEPAADFADFADFADFADFAccess Control UnitAcknowledgement Signal UnitAutomatic Calling UnitAda Compiler Validation CapacityAnalog Call WaitingAnalog/DigitalActive DirectoryAdministrative DomainAssignment DateAdobe Developers AssociationApplied Decision AnalysisAutomatic Data AcquisitionAdaptable Database SystemAda Information ClearinghouseAutomatischer DatenmessplatzArt, Design, Architecture + Media Information GatewayAlesis Digital Audio TapeApple Desktop BusAuthentication DatabaseAdaptive Data CompressionAdd with CarryAnalogue to Digital ConverterApple Developer ConnectionApple Display ConnectorApplication Development ClassesAdvanced Data Communication Control Procedure/ProtocolAdapter Device DriverArchitecture Design DocumentAutomatic Document DetectionAdministration Directory Management DomainAssoziation Deutschsprachiger DXerAdvanced Document EngineeringApplication Development EnvironmentAdvanced Earth Observation Satellite, JapanAgence Nationale pour le Developpement de la Production AutAdaptor Description FileAddress Distribution FacilityArbeitskreis Digitale FotografieAutomatic Direction Finder/FindingAutomatic Document Feed/Feeder

138ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIADFADFSADIADIADIOSADISSADLADLADLADLATADLCADLCADMADMADMADMADMADMADMACSADMDADOADPADPADPADPCMADRADRADRCADRDADRESADSADSADSADSADSADSADSADSCADSCADSIAutomatically Defined FunctionAcorn/Advanced Disc File/Filing SystemAgence de l’InformatiqueAutodesk Device InterfaceAutomated Download and Installation of Operating SystemsAnalytical Data Interchange + Storage StandardsAbove Detection LimitAddress Data LatchAdventure Definition LanguageAdaptive Lattice FilterAdaptive Lossless Data CompressionAsynchronous Data Link ControlAdd/Drop-MultiplexerAggregate Data ManagerApplication Development ModulArrow Diagram MethodAsynchronous Disconnected ModeAutomatic Drive MaintenanceApple Document Management And Control SystemAdministrative/Administration Management Domain (X.400)ActiveX Data ObjectAdministrative/Automatic Data ProcessingAOLserver Dynamic PagesAutomatic Data ProcessingAdaptive Delta/Differential Pulse Code Modulation/ModulatorAddressAdvanced Digital RecordingAdaptive Dynamic Range CodingAutomatic Data Rate DetectionAutomatic Dynamic Range Expansion SystemActive Directory ServiceAktiver Diagnose-SteckerAlternate Data StreamApplication Development Solutions/SystemAutoCAD Development SystemAutomated Data ServiceAutomatic Distribution SystemAddress Status ChangedAdobe Document Structuring ConventionsActive/Advanced Directory Service Interface

139ADSIADSLADSMADSPADSRADTADTADTADTADTVADUADVISEADXADXVERZAEAEAEBAECAECAECAECGAEDAEECAEGAEHAEIAEIOUSAEMAEMAEMAEMSAENAEPAEPAESAESAETAETAETAFAnalog Display Services InterfaceAsymmetric(al) Digital Subscriber Line/LoopAdstar Distributed Storage Manager (IBM)AppleTalk Data Stream ProtocolAttack, Decay, Sustain, ReleaseAbrechnungsdatenträgerAbstrakter DatentypAdvanced DRAM TechnologyApplication Data TypeAdvanced Definition TelevisionAutomatic Dialing UnitAnalysis, Dissemination, Visualization, Insight, and SemanticAutomatic Data ExchangeAmtliches Verzeichnis der DATEX-TeilnehmerAbove or EqualApplication EntityAnalogue Expansion BusArchitectural and Engineering ConstructionArs Electronica CenterAvailability Environment ClassificationAdvanced Embedded Codes GatewayAbfrageeinrichtung für DatenverkehrAirlines Engineering Electronics CommitteeAllgemeine Electricitäts-GesellschaftAdvanced Encapsulated HypertextAdditional Equipment InterfaceAdvanced Enhanced Interface for Open Universal SystemsAcoustic Emission MonitoringAsynchronous Event MechanismAutomatic Emulation ManagementAutomated Energy Management SystemAcknowledgment Error NotificationAppleTalk Echo ProtocolApplication Environment Profile (Posix)Advanced Encryption StandardApplication Environment Specification/ServicesAbstract Window ToolkitAdvanced Educational TechnologyApplication Entity TitleAlternative/Audio Frequency

140ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIAFAFAFAAFAAFAIAAAFAICAFAIKAFAIKTAFAIRAFBAFCAFCAFCAFCCUAFDAFDMAFDWAFEAFFAFFSAFHAFIAFIIAFINAFIPSAFIRMAFISAFJAFKAFMAFMAFNAFNICAFNORAFODAFPAFPAFPAFRAFRAnzunehmender FehlerAuxiliary Carry FlagAccelerated File AccessAssociation des Fournisseurs d’Acces et de Services InternetAs Far As I Am Aware (Slang)As Far As I am Concerned (Slang)As Far As I Know (Slang)As Far As I Know Today (Slang)As Far As I Remember (Slang)Adobe Font BinaryAntiferro-magnetically Coupled (media)Automatic Font ChangeAutomatic Frequency ControlAdvanced Function Common Control UnitAutomatic File DistributionAdvanced Fluid Dynamics ModelActive Framework for Data WarehousingAnalog Front EndAdaptive Feed ForwardAmiga Fast File SystemAdaptive Frequency HoppingAuthority and Format IdentifierAssociation for Font Information InterchangeAssociation Française des InformaticiensAmerican Federation of Information Processing SocietiesAutomated Fingerprint Image Reporting and MatchAutomated Fingerprint Identification SystemApril Fool’s Joke (Slang)Away From Keyboard (Slang)Adobe Font Manager/MetricsAudio Frequency ModulationAmerican Forces NetworkAssociation Francaise pour le Nommage Internet en CooperationAssociation Française de NormalisationAngebot für Online-DiensteAdvanced Flexible ProcessorAdvanced Function Presentation/PrintingAppleTalk Filing ProtocolAlternate Frame RenderingAnnualized Failure Rate

141AFRAFSAFSAFSKAFTAFTELAFTNAFTPAFUAFUGAFULAFUUAFUUSOAFUVAGAGAAGAFAGCAGCHAGCSAGCWAGDXAGEAGFMBAGFPLAGLAGNESAGPAGPAGPLAGRASAGUAGUIAGVAHAHBAHCAHCIAHDLAHRAArndt-Ford-Roper Two-pole FitAdvanced Freephone ServiceAlex/Andrew/Advanced File SystemAudio Frequency Shift Keyer/Keying (Modulation)Adapter Fault ToleranceAssociation Francaise de la Telematique MultimediaAeronautical Fixed Telecommunication NetworkAnonymous FTP (Internet)alt.folklore.urbanAmateurfunkgesetzAssociation francophone des utilisateurs de Linux et des logiciAssociation Française des Utilisateurs d’UNIXAssociation Française des Utilisateurs d’UNIX et des SystemeAmateurfunkverordnungAlternating GradientAdvanced Graphics Adapter/ArchitectureArbeitsgemeinschaft AmateurfunkfernsehenAutomatic Gain ControlAccess Grant ChannelAdvanced Graphic Chip SetArbeitsgemeinschaft CWArbeitsgemeinschaft DX e. V., ErlangenAutomatische GebührenerfassungArbeitsgemeinschaft Freier MailboxenAladdin Ghostscript Free Public LicenseAdobe Glyph ListAutomatisches GPS-Netz SchweizAccelerated Graphics PortAdvanced Graphics Package (HP)Affero General Public License (GNU)Antiglare Antireflective AntistaticAddress Generation UnitAdvanced Graphical User InterfaceAutomatic Guided VehicleAuthentication HeaderAdvanced High Performance BusAdvanced High Speed CMOSAdvanced Host Controller InterfaceAltera Hardware Description LanguageAudio Home Recording Act

142ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIAHREF Anchor Hypertext ReferenceAI Adobe IllustratorAI Analogue InputAI Artificial IntelligenceAI Active InterfaceAIA Application Integrated Architecture (DEC)AIC AIX Windows Interface ComposerAID Alarm Identification on DemandAIDA Attention, Interest, Desire, ActionAIDS Activity Information Data SystemAIDS Anomaly-based Intrusion Detection SystemAIDS Automatic Installation and Diagnostic ServiceAIFF Adobe/Audio Interchange File FormatAII Active Input InterfaceAII Attachement Individual IdentifierAIIM Association for Information and Image ManagementAIK Angewandte Informatik Karlsruhe e. V.AIM Advanced InformaticsAIM AOL Instant MessengerAIM Automatic Interface Management in MedicineAIM Apple, Intel, MotorolaAIMB As I Mentioned Before (Slang)AIML Artificial Intelligence Markup LanguageAIMM AGP In-line Memory ModuleAIMS Advanced Information Management SystemAIMS Apple Internet Mail ServerAIN Advanced Intelligent NetworkAIN Auto Insert NotificationAIO All In OneAIO Annual Inspection + OverhaulAIOD Automatic Identification of Outward DialingAIP Adaptive Internet ProtocolAIP Application Infrastructure ProviderAIP Archive Information PackageAIPS Astronomical Image Processing SystemAIR Architecture Implementation ReviewAIR Automated Image and RestoreAIS Account Information Security (Program)AIS Administrative/Affiliate Information SystemAIS Alarm Indication Signal/System

143AISAISAISAISAISAISBAISIAISPAITAITAIUIAIWAIXAJAXAJCAKAAKFAKIAKLAKSAKSISALALALALALAALATALBALCALCALDCALEALEALEALEALECALEXALEXALEXALEXApplication Integration ServicesArtificial Immune SystemAudit Information System (SAP)Automated Identification/Information SystemAutonomous Intelligent SystemAssociation of Imaging Service BureausAs I See It (Slang)Association of Information Systems ProfessionalsAdvanced Information TechnologyAdvanced Intelligent TapeAs I Understand It (Slang)APPN Implementor’s WorkshopAdvanced Interactive Executive (IBM)Asynchronous Javascript And XMLAnti-Jitter CircuitAlso Known As (Slang)AutokorrelationsfunktionArbeitskreis InformatikAgent Kernel LanguageArbeitskreis Schule (in der GUUG)Arbeitskreis Schutz von InfrastrukturenApplication LayerArbitrated LoopAssembly LanguageAussagenlogikAmerican Library AssociationAdvanced Load Address TableAdaptive Load BalancingArithmetic and Logic CircuitAutomatic Level ControlAdvanced Lossless Data CompressionAddress Latch EnableAddress Lifetime ExpectancyApplication Link EnablingApplication Linking and EmbeddingAlternative Local Exchange CarrierA Lexical Programming LanguageAdvertising Link ExchangeAltlasten-ExpertensystemAutomatic Login Executor

144ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIALEX Automated/Automatic Labour ExchangeALF Accurate positioning by Low FrequencyALG Application Level GatewayALGOL Algorithmic LanguageALI American Law InstituteALI Automatic Link IntelligenceALIBI Adaptive Location of Internetworked Bases of InforamtionALICE Artificial Linguistic Internet Computer EntityALINK Active LinkALIS Automatic Link SetupALIWEB Archie Like Indexing in the WebALM Application Loadable ModulALN Asynchronous Learning NetworkALOE Apple Library for Object EmbeddingALOS Auto LISP Object SystemALP Assembly Language PreprocessorALP Automatic Language ProcessingALPM Aggressive Link Power ManagementALRU Automatic Line Record UpdateALS Advanced Low Power SchottkyALSA Advanced Linux Sound ArchitectureALT AlternateALT Anti Leech TrackerALU Arithmetic Logic/Logical UnitALWR Arbeitskreis der Leiter Wissenschaftlicher RechenzentrenAM AmplitudenmodulationAM AnschlussmodulAM AnwendungsmodulAM Application Maintainer (Debian)AMA Active Member Addressing (Bluetooth)AMA Automatic Message AccountingAMANDDA Automated Messaging and Directory AssistanceAMASS Archival Management And Storage SystemAMB Advanced Memory BufferAMBA Advanced Microcontroller Bus ArchitectureAMBW All My Best Wishes (Slang)AMC Arbitration and Mediation CenterAMD Active Matrix DisplayAMD Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., USAAMDD Agile Modelling Driven Development

145AMDSAMEAMFAMHAMIAMIAMIAMLAMLAMLCDAMMAAMOAMPAMPAMPAMPLAMPSAMRAMRAMRAMRAMRAAMRISAMRRAMSAMSAMTAMTECAMTORAMVERAMVERANANANACANARCANDFANFANFSCDANIANISAmplitude Modulation Data SystemAdvanced Metal EvaporatedAll Media FloppyAutomated Materials HandlingAlternate/Alternative Mark InversionAmerican Microsystems Inc.Application Messaging InterfaceACPI Machine LanguageAcronym Master ListActive Matrix Liquid Crystal DisplayAdvanced Memory Management ArchitectureAdministration and Maintenance OrderAdvanced Metal PowderAsymmetric/Asynchronous Multi ProcessingAudio MPEG PlayerA Mathematical Programming LanguageAdvanced Mobile Phone Service/SystemAdaptive Mesh RefinementAdaptive Multi Rate (Audio Codec)Anisotropic MagnetoresistanceAudio Modem RiserAnts-based Mobile Routing ArchitectureAdhoc Multicast Routing Protocol Utilizing Increasing ID-NumAdaptive Multi Rate RetryAmerican Mathematical SocietyAndrew Message SystemApple Media ToolkitAusstellung für Amateurfunktechnik, Elektronik, ComputerAmateur Microcomputer Teleprinting Over RadioAtlantic/Automatic Merchant Vessel (Emergency) Reporting SAutomated Mutual Assistance Vessel Rescue SystemAccess NetworkAccession/Associated NumberAutomatic Number Announcement CircuitAssociation of North American Radio ClubsArchitecture Neutral Distribution FormatAdditional Network FeatureAnd Now For Something Completely Different (Slang)Automatic Number Identification (Telefon)Analoger Anschluss an einer ISDN-Vermittlungsstelle

146ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIANLANLANNANRANRSANSANSANSANSAANSIANTCANTIOPEANWAOAOCAOCAOCAOCEAODAODAODBSAODIAODVAOEAOEAOIAOLAOMAOPAORAOSAOSAOSDAOSEAOSSAOTAOTAOTAOWAPArgonne National Laboratory, USAAutomatic Noise LimiterArtificial Neural NetworkAdvanced/Automatic Network RoutingAutomatic Noise Reduction SystemAccess Network SystemAdvanced Networking Services (Intel)American National StandardAdvances Network Systems ArchitectureAmerican National Standards InstituteAdvanced Networking Test CenterAquisition Numerique et Televisualisition d’Images Organisees enInternational Academic Networking WorkshopAnalogue OutputAbnormal Operating ConditionADSL Overhead ControlAdvice Of ChargeApple Open Collaboration EnvironmentAdvanced Optical DiscAudio On DemandAspect Oriented Database SystemAlways On Dynamic ISDNAd hoc On demand Distance VectorApplication Operating Environment (AT&T)ATA over EthernetActive Output InterfaceAmerica Online, Inc.Annual Operating + Maintenance (cost)Aspect Oriented ProgrammingAtlantic Ocean RegionAdd Or SubtractAdvanced Operating SystemAspect Oriented Software DevelopmentAgent Oriented Software EngineeringAirStation One-touch Secure SystemAbsolutely Off Topic (News)Ahead Of Time (compilation)Application Object Template/TreeAsia and Oceania Workshop (OSI)Access Point

147APAPAPAPAAPAAPAAPAAPAAPAAAPARAPARENAPARTAPBAPCAPCAPCAPCAPCAPCUGAPDAPDAAPDUAPEAPEAPEXAPEXAPFAPGAPIAPIAAPICAPIMAPIPAAPLAPLAPMAPNAPNAPNICAPOAdjunct/Application ProcessorApplication/Adjunct Process/Processor/ProgramAutomatic PaginationAll Points AddressableAdaptive Packet AssemblyAll Points AddressableArithmetic Processing AcceleratorAmateur Press AssociationAggressive Packet Adaptive AssemblyAuthorized Program Analysis Report (IBM)Address Parity EnableAutomated Packet Recognition/TranslationAdvanced Peripheral BusApplication ProtocolAssociation for Progressive CommunicationsArbeitsplatzcomputerAirborne Public CorrespondenceAutomated Production ProtocolAssociation of PC Users GroupsAreal Power DensityApple Programmers and Developers AssociationApplication Protocol Data UnitAbgesetzte Periphere EinheitAdaptable Persistence EngineAdvanced Packet ExchangeApplication ExchangeActive Port ForwardingAutomated Password GeneratorApplication Program/Programming InterfaceApplication Program Interface AssociationAdvanced Programmable Interrupt ControllerATM Interface Port ModuleAutomatic Private Internet Protocol AddressingA Programming LanguageApplication Program LibraryAdvanced Power ManagementAccess Point NameActual Private NetworkAsia Pacific Network Information CentreAdvanced Planner and Optimizer (SAP)

148ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIAPOLAPOPAPPAPPAPPCAPPIAPPNAPRAPRAPRAPRILAPRILAPRILAPRILAPRILAPRILAPRPAPRSAPSAPSAPSAPSAPSAPSAPSAPSAPSAPSEAPSLAPSNAPTAPTAPTAPTAPTAPTAPTAPUAQLAQLAlternate Person On Line (Slang)Authenticated Post Office ProtocolApplication Portability ProfileAutomatic Page PositioningAdvanced Program to Program Communication/Converter (IBM)Advanced Peer-to-Peer InternetworkingAdvanced Peer-to-Peer Network/Networking (IBM)Access Point RoamingAcoustic Pulse RecognitionApache Portable Runtime (layer, library)Active/Passive Radio Interference LockAdaptive Photonic Reflection by Inverted LightAdvanced Power Recycling by Integrated LogicAdverse Psychiatric Reactions Information LinkAssociation for Promotion and Research in LinuxAssociation pour la Promotion et la Recherche en Informatique librAdaptive Pattern Recognition ProcessingAutomatic Position Report/Reporting SystemActive Pixel SensorAdvanced Planning and SchedulingAdvanced Printing/Production/Photo SystemArray Processing SystemAsynchronous Protocol SpecificationAutomatic Position SelectAsynchronous Protocol SpecificationAuto Pilot SystemAssembly Programming SystemAda Programming/Project Support EnvironmentApple Public Source LicenseAtlantic Packet Satellite NetworkAddress Pass ThroughAdobe Postscript PointAdvanced Package ToolAdvanced Parallel TechnologyAlmost Plain TextApplication Program TitleAutomatically Programmed ToolsAttached Processing UnitA Query LanguageAcceptable Quality Level

149ARARARARARAARAGARAPARASARBARBARCARCARCARCAARCNETARDARDARDFARESARFARIARINARISARJARLARLARLARLLARMARMARMARMARMARMARMARMAARMMARMSARNEARNSAccess RouterArtificial/Augmented RealityAspect RatioAugmented RealityApple/AppleTalk Remote AccessAntireflective AntiglareApple Remote Access ProtocolAntireflective AntistaticAdaptive Rate BasedArchitectural/Architecture Review BoardAcceptable Risk CalculatorAcoustic Resonance ControlAdvanced RISC ComputingAdvanced RISC Computing ArchitectureAttached Resource Computer/Computing NetworkArbeitsgemeinschaft der Rundfunkanstalten DeutschlandsApple Remote DesktopAmateur Radio Direction FindingAnnuaire Recherche Enseignement SuperieurAbuse Reporting FormatAutofahrer Rundfunk InformationAmerican Registry for Internet NumbersArchitecture of Integrated Information SystemsAdmission RejectAdjusted Ring LengthAssociation of Research Liberaries, USAAuthority Revocation ListAdvanced Run Length LimitedAccount Resource ManagementAcorn/Advanced RISC MachineAdvanced RISC MachineAnnotated Reference ManualApplication Response MeasurmentArpanet Reference ModelAsynchronous Response ModeAssociation of Records Managers and Administrators, USAAutomated Retroactive Minimal ModerationArchitecture for Reliable Managed StorageAutomated Remote Network EvaluationAppleTalk Remote Network Server

150ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIAROMARPARPAARPAARPLARPUARQARQARRARRARRLARSARSARSARSARSARSBARTARTARTARTAARTICARTOBARTSARTTARUASASASASASAS3APASAASAASAASAIASAMASAPASAPASBAssociative Read Only MemoryAddress Resolution Protocol (Internet)Advanced Research Projects Agency, USAAutomatic Radar Plotting AidAdjust Requested Privilege LevelAverage Revenue Per Unit/UserAdmission RequestAutomatic Repeat RequestAnnual Return RateAutomatic Repeat/Retransmission RequestAmerican Radio Relay LeagueActivity Reporting SystemAdaptive Rate SystemAddress Retrieval SystemAtomic Resolution StorageAutomatic Route SelectionAutomated Repair Service BureauAdaptive Reasoning TechnologyAnother Ray TracerAutorite de Regulation des TelecommunicationsApple Real Time ArchitectureA Real-Time Interface Coprocessor (IBM)Amateur Radio Translator on BalloonAsynchronous Remote Takeover ServerAsynchronous Remote Takeover TerminalAudio Response UnitAbstract SyntaxAnschlusssatzApplication System (IBM)Authentication Server/ServiceAutonomous SystemANSI SQL Standard Scalable and PortableAmerican Standards AssociationAdvanced SCSI ArchitectureAdaptive Security AlgorithmAdjunct Switch Application InterfaceArbeitskreis zur Standardisierung von Automatisierungs- und MeAs Soon As Possible (Slang)Automatic Switching And ProcessingAdvanced System Buffering/Bus

151ASBASCASCASCASCCASCIASCIIASCIIZASCOMASDASDASDASDFASDFASDFASEASEASEAASFASFASFASFASIASIASIASICASINASIOASIPASISASISASISASITASKASKASLASLASLASLMASLRAlarm-Signal-BearbeitungAccredited Standards Committee (ANSI)Auditor Security CollectionAuthorized Service/Support CenterAutomatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (IBM)Accelerated/Advanced Strategic Computing InitiativeAmerican Standard Code for Information InterchangeASCII String, Zero TerminatedAsynchronous Communication Control ProgramAdaptive Software DevelopmentApplication Structure DatabaseAutomatic Skip DriverAnother System Definition FacilityAssociation of Synchronous Data FormatsAverage Squared Difference FunctionAdvanced Server EnvironmentAmplified Spontaneous EmissionAllmänna Svenska Electricitets-Aktiebolag, SchwedenActive Movie Streaming FormatActive/Advanced Streaming FormatApache Software FoundationAspect Source FlagAdapter Support Interface (IBM)Alarm-Signal-InitialisierungApplication Specific InstructionApplication Specific Integrated CircuitAmazon Standard Identification NumberAudio Stream Input OutputApplication Specific Instruction Set ProcessorAda Semantic Interface SpecificationAmerican Society for Industrial SecurityAmerican Society for Information ScienceAdvanced Security and Identification TechnologyAkademische Software Kooperation, KarlsruheAmplitude Shift KeyingACPI (Control Method) Source LanguageAdaptive Speed LevellingArchitectural Space Laboratory, ZürichApple Shared Library ManagerAddress Space Layout Randomization

152ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIASMASMASMASMASMPASNASNASNASN.1ASOASOASOASPASPASPASPASPASPASPASPASPASPECASPIASPMASPSASQASRASRASRASRASRASROASSASTASTAASTABASTRAASUASUGASVAbstract State MachineAny Source MulticastApplication Specific MemoryAutomated Storage ManagementAsymmetric Multi ProcessingAbstract Syntax NotationAccess Stack NodeAutonomous System NumberAbstract Syntax Notation One (ISO, CCITT)Active Sideband OptimumAddress Supporting OrganizationAutomated Systems OperationActive Server Page/PagesAdvanced Signal ProcessorAdvanced Simple ProfileAllegiance Site License ProgramAppleTalk Session ProtocolApplication Service ProviderAssociation of Shareware ProfessionalsAttached Support ProcessorAuthorized Service Provider/ProvidingAdaptive Spectral Perceptual Entropy EncodingAdvanced SCSI Programming InterfaceActive State Power ManagementAdvanced Signal Processing SystemAutomated Software QualityAda Software RepositoryAddress Space RegisterAutomatic Send ReceiveAutomatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic System RecoveryAsociata de Standardizare din RomaniaAural Style SheetAnwendungsschnittstelleAnti Spam Technical AllianceAsychronous Status BoardAssociation Tunesienne des Radio AmateursAsynchron/Synchron-UmsetzerAmerica’s SAP Users’ GroupAdvanced Super View

153ATATATATATAATAATAATAPIATBATCATCATCATCATCAATCPATDMATDMAATDPATDTATEATFATFATFSMATHATHATIMATIPATISATISATISATKATKISATLATLATLASATMATMATMATMATMARPAtomic TimeAdvanced/Assistive TechnologyAttention (Hayes)AttenuatorAnalog Telefon/Terminal AdapterAT (Bus) Attachment (Interface)Advanced Technology AttachmentAT Attachment Packet InterfaceAll Trunks BusyAdaptive Transform CodingAddress Translation CacheAdvanced Transfer CacheATM Transfer CapabilityAdvanced Telecom Computing ArchitectureAppleTalk Control ProtocolAsynchronous Time Division MultiplexingAdvanced/Asynchronous Time Division Multiple AccessAttention Dial Pulse (Hayes)Attention Dial Tone (Hayes)Automated/Automatic Test/Testing EquipmentAutomatic Track Finding/FollowingAsynchronous TransferAsk The Friendly System Manager (Slang)Abbreviated Trouble HistoryAttention Hangup (Hayes)Ad-hoc Traffic Indication Map/MessageAbsolute Time In PregrooveA Tools Integration StandardAutomatic Terminal Information ServiceAutomatic Transmitter Identification SystemAndrew ToolkitAmtliches Topographisch-Kartographisches InformationssysteActive Template LibraryAutomatic Tape LibraryAbreviated Test Language for All SystemsAdobe Type/Typeface ManagerAsynchronous Transfer ModeAt The Moment (Slang)Automated/Automatic Teller MachineATM Address Resolution Protocol

154ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIATM-CCATMPATNATOATOMATPATPATPATPSATRATRATRATRACATRCATSATSATSATSATSATSCATSTAT&TATTATTATTCATVATXAUAUAAUCAUDITAUEAUFSAUGAUGEAUIAUIAUISAUPAUTEXATM CrossconnectAscend Tunnel Management ProtocolAeronautical Telecommunications NetworkAssemble/Assembly To OrderAdvanced Terminal for Operation and MaintenanceAcceptance Test ProcedureAppleTalk Transaction ProtocolAdaptive Tolerant ProtocolAppleTalk Printing ServicesAnswer To ResetAttributeAutomatic Terminal RecognitionAdaptive Transform Acoustic CodingAdaptive Technology Resource Center, U. of TorontoAdministrative Terminal SystemAdvanced Training SolutionApple Terminal ServicesAuthor Title SubjectAutomatic Transfer SwitchAdvanced Television Systems CommitteeAt The Same Time (Slang)American Telephone and TelegraphAttenuatorAt This Time (Slang)Advanced Television Test Center, USAAdvanced/Amateur TelevisionAdvanced Technology ExtendedAdministrative/Arithmetic/Access UnitArchitecture Unifiee d’ApplicationsAuthentication/Authority CentreAutomated/Automatic Data Input TerminalAndrew User EnvironmentAnother Union Files SystemApollo/Arcnet User GroupApple User Group EuropeArchiver User InterfaceAttached/Attachment Unit/Universal Interface (Ethernet)Andrew User Interface SystemAcceptable/Appropriate Use Policy (Internet)Automatische Telex- und Teletexauskunft der DBP

155AUX AuxiliaryAUX Apple UNIXAV AntivirusAV audio-visuell, Audio-VideoAV Authenticity VerificationAVA Audio Visual Authoring (IBM)AVA Anruf-VarianteAVA Attribute Value AssertionAVC Access Vector CacheAVC Advanced Video CodingAVC Audio Visual ConnectionAVC Automatic Volume ControlAVC Audio Visual Connection (IBM)AVCD Audio Visual Computer DisplayAVCHD Advanced Video Codec High DefinitionAVD Alternate Voice or DataAVERT Antivirus Emergency Response Team (NAI)AVERZTXTTXAmtliches Telex- und Teletexverzeichnis der DBPAVG AverageAVI Audio Video/Visual Interleave/Interleaved (Microsoft)AVI Audiovisuelle IntegrationAVI Advanced Visual InterfaceAVIA Architecture for Virtual Interfaces for ApplicationsAVK Application Verification KitAVK Audio-Video KernelAVL Adelson-Velskij, Landis (-Baum)AVN Adobe Virtual NetworkAVON Amtliches Verzeichnis der OrtsnetzeAVP Attribute Value PairAVR Automatic Voice RecognitionAVRCP Audio Video Remote Control ProfileAVS Advanced Visual SystemAVS AltersverifikationssystemAVS Application Visualization System (IBM)AVSM Audio-Visual Storage ManagerAVSP Advanced Video Signal ProcessorAVSS Audio-Video Subsystem SoftwareAVVID Architecture for Voice, Video and Integrated Data (Cisco)AWA A While Ago (Slang)AWADO Automatischer Wechselschalter in der Anschlussdose

156ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIAWB A While Back (Slang)AWC Association of Women in ComputingAWCG Add With Carry (random number) GeneratorAWD Automatische Wähleinrichtung für DatenverbindungenAWE Address Windowing ExtensionsAWE Advanced Workstation EnvironmentAWF Ausbildung, Weiterbildung, FortbildungAWG American Wire GaugeAWGN Additive White Gaussian NoiseAWGTHTGTTA Are We Going To Have To Go Through This Again? (Slang)AWHFY Are We Having Fun Yet? (Slang)AWL Anweisungsliste (DIN 19 239)AWL Auswahl-LogikAWL Auto WhitelistAWS Administrative WorkstationAWS Advanced Workstations and Systems (group) (IBM)AWS Amazon Web ServicesAWS Apple Workgroup ServerAWS AnrufweiterschaltungAWS AnwendungssoftwareAWT Abstract/Advanced Window/Windowing ToolkitAWU Auto Wake UpAX Automatic TransmissionAXE Applications Execution EnvironmentAXTLK Alien CrosstalkAXU Application Specific Execution UnitAYOR At Your Own Risc (Slang)AYST Are You Still There? (Slang)AZ AzimutAZB Anzeige-BefehlBBBB2BB2CB2EB2PB4Basic, Binary, Bit, Block, British, Bus, Business, ByteBackwardBandwidthBusiness To BusinessBusiness To ConsumerBusiness To EmployeeBusiness To PrivateBefore (Slang)

157B4NBABACBACBACPBADBAGBAIBAKBAKBAKBAKTBALBALUNBAMBAMBAMBAMBANBAPBAPIBAPIBAPTBARRNETBARTSBASBASBASBASHBASICBASISBASMBATBATBATCBATVBAZBBBBBBBye For Now (Slang)BusankopplerBalanced Asynchronous ClassBasic Access ControlBandwidth Allocation Control ProtocolBroken As DesignedBuchhändlerische AbrechnungsgesellschaftBasic Rate InterfaceBack At Keyboard (Slang)BackupBinary Adaption Kit (Microsoft)BasisanschlusskonzentratorBasic Assembly LanguageBalanced Unbalanced (transformator)Berkeley Abstract MachineBlock Availability MapBoyan Action ModuleBundesanstalt für Materialprüfung, BerlinBody Area NetworkBandwidth Allocation ProtocolBiometric Application Program InterfaceBusiness Application Programming InterfaceBundesamt Post und Telekommunikation, MainzBay Area Regional Research NetworkBell Atlantic Regional TimesharingBild-Austast-Synchron(-Signal)Bitrate Allocation SignalBtx AnwendungsschnittstelleBourne Again ShellBeginner’s All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction CodeBattelle Automated Search Information SystemBuilt-In AssemblerBaby AT BoardBlock Address TranslationBlock Address Translation CacheBounce Address Tag ValidationBelegauswertung von ZahlungsvorgängenBandwidth BrokerBase Bandbeschränkt balanciert (Baum)

158ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIBBAEBBANBBCBBCIBBKBBKBBKBBKBBKBBKBBKBBKBBLBBNBBNSBBRBBRBBRABBSBBSBBSBCBCBCABCAMBCCBCCBCCHBCDBCDBCEBCFBCFSKBCHBCIBCIBCLBCLBCLBCMBreitband-Anschluss-Einheit (DSL-Splitter)Basic Bank Account NumberBritish Broadcasting CorporationBerlin Brain/Bregen Computer InterfaceBasic/Business BookkeepingBe Back Ok? (Slang)Berkom Berliner KommunikationssystemBerliner Bibliothekswissenschaftliches KolloquiumBirkbeck University of LondonBreitbandkabel (auch BK)Broadcast BlockBuchführung, Bilanzierung, KostenrechnungBe Back Later (Slang)Bolt, Beranek and Newman, Inc., Cambridge, Mass. (Internet)Broadband Network ServicesBackbone RingBurnt Beyond Recognition (Slang)Bad Block Relocation AreaBand-BetriebssystemBIOS Boot Select/SpecificationBulletin Board SystemBegin ChainBusiness ClassBurst Cutting AreaBasic Communication Access MethodBlind Carbon CopyBlock Check/Checking CharacterBroadcast Control ChannelBarcode DecalBinary Coded DecimalBell Canada EnterprisesBandwidth Change ConfirmationBinary Coded Frequency Shift KeyingBose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (-Code)Batibus Club InternationalBroadcast InterferenceBase Class LibrariesBatch Command LanguageBroadcast ListenerBachelor of Computer and Mathematical Sciences

159BCMBCMBCMBCMBCMBCMBCMBCMBCMBCMBCMBCNBCNFBCNUBCPBCPBCPBCPBCPLBCRBCSBCSBCSBCSBCSBCTSBDBDABDABDCBDDBDEBDEBDEBDFBDFBDFBDKBDLCBDLSBack Channel MessageBasic Call/Connection Management/ManagerBasic Computing ModuleBasic Control MonitorBattery/Bound Control ModuleBinary Coded MatrixBit Clock ModelBit Compression MultiplexerBlock Coded ModualtionBroadcast Manager (IBM)Bus Converter ModuleBeaconBoyce Codd Normal FormBe Seeing You (Slang)Best Current PracticeBinary/Byte/Bridging Control ProtocolBridging Control ProtocolBulk Copy ProgramBasic Computer/Combined Programming LanguageByte Count RegisterBar Code SorterBASF Computer ServicesBlack Check SequenceBoeing Computer ServicesBritish Computer SocietyBackup Courier Time ServerBlu-ray DiscBIOS Data AreaBroadcast Driver ArchitectureBackup Domain ControllerBusiness Desktop DeploymentBetriebsdatenerfassungBitLocker Drive EncryptionBorland Database EngineBinary Distribution FormatBitmap Description/Display FormatBitmap Distribution Format (Adobe)Beans Development KitBurroughs Data Link ControlBidirectional Loop Switching

160ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIBDO Bidrectional OverwriteBDOS Basic Disk Operating SystemBDP Bandwidth Delay ProductBDPP Biometric Device Protection ProfileBDR Beowulf Design RulesBDR Bus Device RequestBDSC Britisch Document Supply CenterBDSG BundesdatenschutzgesetzBDSL Broadband Digital Subscriber LineBDU Brain Dead User (Slang)BE Below or EqualBE BeschaltungseinheitBE Burst ErrorBEB Binary Exponential BackoffBECN Backward Explicit Congestion NotificationBEDO Burst Extended Data Out (DRAM)BEE Bertelsmann Electronic EditionBEEP Blocks Extensible Exchange ProtocolBEER Binary Error Exchange RateBEL Bell (ASCII-Zeichen Nr. 7)BELLCORE Bell Communications Research, Inc.BELUG Bellevue Linux Users GroupBEM Boundary Element MethodBEN BestätigungsnummerBEP Bertelsmann Electronic PublishingBER Basic Encoding RulesBER Bit/Block Error RateBERKOM Berliner KommunikationssystemBERT Bit Error Rate Test/TesterBESYS Bell Operating SystemBETC Between ChainBEV Boot Entry VectorBF Bad FlagBF Boundary FunctionB/F Background/ForegroundBFBI Brute Force and Bloody Ignorance (Slang)BFDI Bundesbeauftragter für Datenschutz und InformationsfreiheitBFF Binary File FormatBFI Brute Force and Ignorance (Slang)BFMI Brute Force and Massive Ignorance (Slang)

161BFNBFNBFOBFSBFSBFSBFSBFSBFTBFTPBFUBFUBFVBGBGBGBGABGEBGIBGMBGMPBGPBGTBHBHBHCABHIBHISBHLIBHMDBHOBHOFBHPBHTBIBIBIBIBIABIBBritish Forces NetworkBye For Now (Slang)Beat Frequency OscillatorBe File System (BeOS)Big File ScannerBitfile Server(Unixware) Boot File SystemBreadth First SearchBinary File TransferBatch/Background File Transfer ProtocolBetriebsführungsumsetzerBrain Free User (Slang)Betriebs-Führungs-VorfeldrechnerBackgroundBig Grin (Slang)Black GenerationBall Grid ArrayBranch if Greater or EqualBorland’s Graphics InterfaceBackground MenuBorder Gateway Multicast ProtocolBorder Gateway Protocol (Internet)Branch if Greater ThanBottom HalfBranch and HangBusy Hour Call AttemptsBranch if HigherBranch if Higher or SameBroadband High Level InformationBinocular Helmet Mounted DisplayBrowser Helper ObjectBald Headed Old Fart (Slang)Bayerische Hacker-PostBranch History TableBinary InputBreidbart IndexBroadcast InviteBusiness IntelligenceBump In the APIBus Interface Board

162ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIBIBOPBICBICIBICSBICSBIDIBIDSBIFETBIFFBIFSBIGFONBILLIBIMBIMOSBINBINACBINDBINHEXBIONBIOSBIPBIPBIPMBIPMBIPSBISBISBISDNBISTBISYNCBITBITBITBITBITBITBITBITBITBITBig Bag Of PagesBank Identifier CodeBroadband Inter Carrier InterfaceBeratungsstelle für informationstechnische Bildung und ComputeBinnenvaart Informatie en Communicatie SysteemBidirectionalBroadband Internet Delivery SystemBipolar Field Effect TransistorBinary Interchange File FormatBinary Format For ScenesBreitbandiges Integriertes Glasfaser-Fernmelde-OrtsnetzBuried Implanted Layer for Lateral IsolationBegin of Information MarkerBipolar Metal Oxide SemiconductorBachelor of Information NetworkingBinary Automatic ComputerBerkeley Internet Name DomainBinary HexadecimalBelieve It Or Not (Slang)Basic Input Output SystemBasic Imaging ProfileBit-Interleaved ParityBipartite Matching CodeBureau International des Poids et MesuresBillions Instructions Per SecondBibliotheks- und InformationssystemBusiness Information SystemBroadband/Breitband-ISDNBuilt-In Self TestBinary Synchronous Communication Protocol (IBM)Base Item TypeBasic Interconnection TestBasic Interface TelephoneBecause It’s Time (network)Binary DigitBipolar Integrated TechnologyBoard of Information TechnologyBroadband Information TechnologyBroadband Internet TerminalBuilt-In Testing

163BITBITBITBITDBITKOMBITNETBITNICBITSBITVBIUBIUBIWBIXBJBJCBJOERNBKBKBKBKHBKLBKSBKZBLBLBLBLACSBLADEBLAMBLASBLASTBLASTBLCBLEBLERBLERABLERBBLERTBLIBLKBusiness and Information TechnologyBusiness Internet TrendsBytecode Instrumenting ToolBack In The Day (Slang)Bundesverband Informationswirtschaft, Telekommunikation uBecause It’s Time Network (ein NJE-Netz)Bitnet Network Information CenterBackground Intelligent Transfer ServiceVerordnung zur Schaffung barrierefreier InformationstechnikBasic Information UnitBus Interface UnitBusiness Intelligence WarehouseByte Information Exchange (ein BBS)BackjumpingBubblejet ColorBalanced Job Execution on Remote NetworkBreak InBreitbandkabel (auch BBK)BürokommunikationBekennender Konsolen-/Kommandozeilen-Heini (Slang)Big Kernel LockBundesverband Kabel + SatellitBereichskennzahl (Datex, Btx)BacklitBetriebslenkungBit LineBasic Linear Algebra Communication RoutinesBasic Linear Algebra for Distributed EnvironmentsBinary Logarithmic Arbitration MethodBasic Linear Algebra SubroutinesBell Labs Layered Space TimeBlocked Asynchronous Transmission (Protocol)Beam Landing CorrectionBranch if Less or EqualBlock Error RateBlock Error Rate After RecordingBlock Error Rate Before RecordingBlock Error Rate TestBusiness Logic IntegrationBetriebs-Lenkungs-Konzentrator

164ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIBLKBLLIBLMBLMCBLOBBLOCBLOGBLOSBLRBMBMBMBMBMCBMIBMICBMJBMPBMPBMPBMPBMPPBMPTBMSBMUGBNABNCBNCBNCBNCBNEBNEPBNFBNFBNFSCDBNIBNKBNPFBNSBNSBlockBroadband Low Level InformationBayerische Landeszentrale für Neue Medien, MünchenBuried Logic MacrocellBinary Large ObjectBrutto Lines Of Code(short for:) Weblog, World Wide Web LogbookBranch if Lower or SameBeacon-Less RoutingBackmarkingBitonic Merge (Graph, Netz)Burst ModeByte Me (Slang)Block Multiplex ChannelBranch if MinusBus Master Interface Controller (Intel)Backmarking with BackjumpingBasic Mapping SupportBasic Multilingual Plane (Unicode)Batch Message Processing (Program)BitmapBulk Mail Preferences ProtocolBundesministerium für Post- und TelekommunikationBroadcast Message ServerBerkeley MacIntosh Users GroupBundesnetzagenturBaby N ConnectorBayonet Neill ConcelmanBayonet Nut CouplingBrain Not Connected (Slang)Branch if Not EqualBluetooth Network Encapsulation ProtocolBackus-Naur FormBig Name Fan (Slang)But Now For Something Completely Different (Slang)Before Next InteractionBetriebsführungs-NetzknotenBegin Negative Positive FinishBackbone Network ServiceBroadband Network Services

165BNUBOBOBOBOABOARTBOBBOBBOCBOCBODBOFBOFBOFBOFHBOFSBOGBOIBOINCBOMBOMBOMBOMBOMBONBONDBONTBOOMBOOTPBOPBOPBOPSBORBOREBORQUBOSBOSBOSBOSBOSSBasic Network/Networking Utilities (uucp)Back OrificeBinary OutputBit Oxide (Garbage)Basic Object AdapterBus Oriented Asynchronous Receiver TransmitterBox Of BitsBreak-Out BoxBasic Operator ConsoleBell Operating CompanyBandwidth/Book On DemandBegin Of FileBirds Of a Feather (Slang)Board of FellowsBastard Operator From HellBirds Of a Feather Session (Slang)BIND Operations GuideBalkan/Baltic Olympiad in InformaticsBerkeley Open Infrastructure for Network ComputingBasic Online MemoryBegin Of Message/MediaBill Of MaterialsBusiness Object ModelByte Order MarkBusiness Object NotationBandwidth On DemandBroadband Optical Network TerminationBinocular Omni-Oriented/Orientation MonitorBootstrap Protocol (Internet)Begin Of Page/PartitionBit Oriented ProtocolBillion Operations Per SecondBasic Output ReportBroken Once Running EverywhereBorland QuattroBasic Operating SystemBasic OverSeer (Server)Behörden und Organisationen mit SicherheitsaufgabenBottom Of StackBharat Operating System Solutions

166ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIBOSSBOTBOTBPBPBPBPBBPDBPDBPDUBPELBPFBPFBPFBPHBPIBPJMBPLBPLBPLBPLBPMBPMBPMBPOBPPBPPBPPBPPBPRBPSBPSKBPUBQPBQSBRBRBRAMBRASBRBBusiness Office Servicing SystemBack On Topic (Slang)Begin Of Tape/Table/TransactionBandpassBase PointerBreakpointBIOS Parameter BlockBank-Parameter-DateiBorder Protection DeviceBridge Protocol Data UnitBusiness Process Execution LanguageBand Pass FilterBerkeley Packet FilterBreakpoint FunctionBreak Permitted Herebits per inchBundesprüfstelle für jugendgefährdende MedienBedienplatzBranch if PlusBroadband Over PowerlineBugs Per LineBundespostministeriumBusiness Performance ManagementBusiness Process Management/ModellingBusiness Process OutsourcingBasic Printing ProfileBinary Packing ProblemBits Per PixelBounded error, Probabilistic, Polynomial timeBusiness Process Reengineeringbits/bytes per secondBinary Phase Shift KeyingBranch Prediction UnitBounded error, Quantum, Polynomial timeBerkeley Quality SoftwareBad RegisterBit RateBroadcast Recognizing Access MethodBroadband Remote Access ServerBe Right Back (Slang)

167BRDBREBREADBREPBRGCBRIBRIBRIMBRJBRLBRQBRSBRSBRSBRSBSBSBSBSBSBSABSABSAMBSBBSCBSCBSCBSCBSCWBSDBSDBSDLBSFBSFBSIBSIBSMBSMBSMTPBSODBlu-ray DiscBasic Regular ExpressionBrowse, Read, Edit, Add, DeleteBoundary RepresentationBinary Reflected Gray CodeBasic Rate Interface (ISDN)Brain Response InterfaceBridge Router Interface ModuleBandwidth Change RejectBallistics Research LaboratoryBandwidth Change RequestBibliographic Retrieval SystemBig Red Switch (IBM PC)Break Request SignalBusiness Recovery Services (IBM)BackspaceBase StationBetriebssystemBitonic Sort (Graph)Broadcast SatelliteBitstrom-AnschlussBusiness Software AllianceBasic Sequential Access MethodBlockate State BlockBase Station ControllerBinary Synchronous CommunicationsBisynchronous/Binary Synchronous Communication (IBM)Boyan ScriptBasic Support for Cooperative WorkBasic Standard DefinitonBerkeley Software/Source/System Design/DistributionBoundary Scan Description LanguageBit Scan ForwardBut Seriously Folks (Slang)British Standards InstituteBundesamt für Sicherheit in der InformationstechnikBasic Storage ModuleBracket State ManagerBatch Simple Message Transfer ProtocolBlue Screen Of Death

168ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIBSPBSPBSPBSPBSRBSRBSRBSRAMBSSBSSBSSBSSBSSBSSBSSBSSBSSIDBSTBSUBSVBSYBSYNCBTBTBTBTBTABTACBTAIMBTAMBTBBTCBTCBTCBTDTBTHOMBTIBTIBTICBTKBinary Space Partition/PartitioningBug Squashing PartyBulk Synchronous Parallel (Processing)Byte Stream ProtocolBetriebssystem für Reelle SpeicherBit Scan ReverseBoard of Standards Review (ANSI)Burst Static Random Access MemoryBase Station SubsystemBasic Service Set (WLAN)Blank Storage SpaceBlind Source SeparationBlock Started by SymbolBlock Storage SegmentBroadband Switching SystemBusiness Support SystemBasic Service Set IdentifierBinary Search TreeBasic Striping UnitBetriebssystem für Virtuelle AdressierungBusyBinary Synchronous Communications (Protocol)Bit TestBluetoothBritish Telecom/TelecommunicationsBurst ToleranceBut Then Again (Slang)Branch Target Address CacheBe That As It May (Slang)Basic Telecommunication Access Method (IBM)Branch Target BufferBit Test and ComplementBiting The Carpet (Slang)Broadband Transfer CapabilityBeen There Done That (Slang)Beats The Hell Outta Me (Slang)British Telecom InternationalBusiness Type IdentifierBut Then, I’am Crazy (Slang)Back To Keyboard (Slang)

169BTLBTLBBTMABTOBTOABTPBTPBTPBTRBTRFSBTSBTSBTSBTSOOMBTUBTWBTXBTXBUBUAFBUAGBUBLBUCSBUFBUMSBUPBUPBUSBUSBUSBUUGBVBBVDBVDMBVDWBVHBVITBVSEBVSIBVVBell Telephone LaboratoriesBlock TLBBusy Tone Multiple AccessBuilt To OrderBinary To ASCIIBanana Tree ProtocolBatch Transfer ProgramBusiness Transaction ProtocolBit Test and ResetB-Tree File SystemBase Transceiver Station/SystemBit Test and SetBug Tracking SystemBeats The Shit Out Of Me (Slang)Basic Transmission UnitBy The Way (Slang)Balanced Technology ExtendedBildschirmtextBranch UnitBig Ugly ASCII FontBig Ugly ASCII GraphicBulletin Board for LibrariesBudgeting and Computing SystemBufferBroadband Unified Messaging SystemBackup (file)Buffer Underrun ProtectionBild und SchriftBinary Utility SystemBroadcast and Unknown ServerBelgian UNIX Users GroupBundesverband Informations- und KommunikationssystemeBoot Volume DescriptorBundesverband Druck und MedienBundesverband Digitale WirtschaftBase Video HandlerBundesverband Informationstechnologien, BonnBundesverband für Sekundärrohstoffe und EntsorgungBundesverband der Selbständigen in der InformatikBundesverband Audiovisuelle Medien

170ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIBWBWABWFBWINBWMBWQBWSNBWTBWTBYKTBYPBZBZRBZTBZVBZVBZVDBandwidthBroadband Wireless AccessBroadcast Wave FormatBreitband Wissenschafts-NetzBlock Write ModeBuzz Word QuotientBaden-Württembergisches SchulnetzBroadband Wireless TechnologyBurrows Wheeler TransformationBut You Knew That (Slang)BypassBetriebszentraleBefehlzählregisterBundesamt für Zulassungen in der TelekommunikationBargeldloser/Belegorientierter ZahlungsverkehrBefristeter ZählervergleichBeratungszentrum für Videokonferenzdienste, DresdenCC2CC2CCC2DC3IC4CACACACACACACACACACAACAADCABCABCABCACCable, Communication, Computer, Conference, ControlConsumer To ConsumerCar To Car CommunicationCharacter To DecimalCommand, Control, Communication, IntelligenceCommand, Control, Communication + ComputersCableCall AgentCellular AutomatonCertification AuthorityCollision AvoidanceCommon ApplicationsComputer AnimationComputer AssociatesConditional AccessComputer Aided Assembling/Anthropometrics/AnimationComputer Aided Architectural DesignCabinet (Microsoft)Compressed Application BinaryComputer Aided BreakfastCarrier/Channel Access Code

171CACCACCACLSCACMCADCADCADCADAMCADAPSOCADDCADDCADECADECADEPCADICCADISCADMATCADMOSCADOSCAECAECAECAECAENCAEXCAFCAFCAFECAFMCAGCAGCAHCAHNCAICAICAICAICAINCAIRCAIRNComputer Aided Consulting/Computing/Creativity/Christmas/Connection Admission ControlChange Line Access Control ListsCommunications of the ACMClass Association DiagramComputer Aided Design/DetectionComputer Aided DinnerComputer Aided Design And ManufacturingCanadian Assosciation of Data Processing OrganizationsComputer Aided Design and DraftingComputer Aided Drug DesignClient/Server Application Development EnvironmentComputer Aided Data EntryComputer Aided Design of Electronic ProductsComputer Aided Design of Integrated CircuitsComputer Aided Design Interactive System (Siemens)Computer Aided Design, Manufacturing and TestingComputerorientiertes Administrations- und OrganisationssystComputer Aided Design of SystemsClient Application EnablerCommon Applications EnvironmentComputer Aided/Assisted EducationComputer Aided EngineeringChemically Assembled Electronic NanocomputerComputer Aided ExplorationComputer Aided FishingComputer and Academic FreedomConditional Access For EuropeComputer Aided Facilities ManagementChassis Air GuideColumn Adress GeneratorComputer Aided Holidays/Homework/HausaufgabenCellular Assisted Heterogeneous NetworkingCommon Air InterfaceComputer Aided IndustryComputer Aided InspirationComputer Aided/Assisted InstructionControlled Access by Individual NumberComprehensive Assessment Information RuleCollaborative Advanced Interagency Research Network

172ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICAIRSCAISCAITCAKCALCALCALCALCALCALASCALCCALEACALIESCALLCALLECALMCALSCALTECHCAMCAMCAMCAMCAMCAMCAMACCAMDCAMELCAMLCAMPCAMPCANCANCANCANCANCANCANCANCANALCANSComputerized Accident/Incident Reporting SystemCommon APSE Interface SetComputer Aided Inspection and TestingComputer-Anwendungen KarlsruheClient Access LicenseCommon Assembly LanguageComputer Aided Life/Learning/LunchComputer Animation LanguageConversational Algebraic LanguageComputer Aided Laboratory Automation SystemCustomer Access Line ChargeCommunications Assistance for/to Law Enforcement ActComputer Aided Locomotion by Implanted Electrical StimulationComputer Aided/Assisted Language LearningControl Application Link Layer EngineeringCollected Algorithms for Learning MachinesContinuous Acquisition and Lifecycle SupportCalifornia Institute of TechnologyCentral Address MemoryCommon/Communication Access MethodComputer Aided Machining/ManufacturingConcentrator/Conditional Access ModuleConditional Access ModuleContent Addressable/Addressed MemoryComputer Automated Measurement And ControlComputer Aided Molecular DesignComputer Assisted Education LanguageCategorial Abstract Machine LanguageCompiler for Automatic Machine ProgrammingComputer Assisted Movie ProductionCampus/Communications/Complete Area NetworkCancelCancel LineCar Area NetworkCommunity Alert NetworkContent Addressable NetworkController Area NetworkCustomer Access NetworkCatalog with Natural Language AccessComputer Assisted Network System

173CANUNET Canadian University Computer NetworkCAO Computer Aided Administration and OrganizationCAO Computer Aided OptimizationCAP Calendar Access ProtocolCAP Carrierless Amplitude Modulation/Phase ModulationCAP Central Arbitration PointCAP Columbia AppleTalk PackageCAP Common Alerting ProtocolCAP Communication Application PlatformCAP Competitive Access ProviderCAP Computer Aided Planning/Production/PublishingCAP Computer Application ProfileCAP Computing for Analysis ProjectCAP Content Access PointCAP Continuous Audit ProgramCAP CTM Access ProfileCAPD Computer To Assist Persons with DisabilitiesCAPE Computer Aided Pattern EngineeringCAPE Concurrent Art-to-Product EnvironmentCAPI Common ISDN Application Programming InterfaceCAPI Communication Application Program InterfaceCAPP Carrierless Amplitude PhaseCAPP Computer Aided Printing and PublishingCAPP Computer Aided Process/Production PlanningCAPP Computer Applications ProgramCAPP Computer Assisted Payment ProcessingCAPPC Computer Aided Production Planning and ControlCAPPP Computer Aided Process and Production PlanningCAPS Capitals (Großbuchstaben)CAPS Cassette Programming SystemCAPS Computer Assisted Problem SolvingCAPSC Computer Aided Production Scheduling and ControlCAPTAIN Character and Pattern Telephon Access Information NetworkCAPTCHA Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers anCAQ Computer Aided Quality Assurance/ControlCAR Committed Access RateCAR Computer Assisted RadiologyCAR Channel Address RegisterCAR Compressed Audio RecordingCAR Computer Aided Retrieval

174ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICARACARAMCARDCARDISCARECARECARLCARLCARLOSCAROCARPCARPCARSCARSCARSCARTCASCASCASCASCASCASCASCCASDCASECASECASECASLCASLCASSCASSCASSISCASTCASTCASTCASTCATCATCATCATComputer Aided Radio AmateurContent Addressable Random Access MemoryCluster Aware Remote DiskCargo Data Interchange SystemComputer Aided Reliability EstimationComputer Aided Reverse EngineeringChemisches Aufweiten von Resist-Linien (Siemens)Colorado Alliance of Research LibrariesCancer Registry Lower SaxonyComputer Anti-Virus Research OrganizationCaching RSS ParserCommon Address Redundancy ProtocolComputer Aided Risc SimulationComputer Aided Routing SystemComputer Assisted Radiology and SurgeryComputer Assisted Radar TomographyCollision Avoidance SystemColumn Address Select/StrobeCommunicating Applications SpecificationComputer Aided Selling/Service/StylingComputer Algebra SystemConditional/Control/Communication Access SystemCoalition for Academic Supercomputer CentersComputer Aided System DesignCommon Applications Service ElementComputer Aided Software EngineeringComputer Aided System EvaluationCommon Algebraic Specification LanguageCrosstalk Application Scripting LanguageComputer Assisted Search ServiceComputer Assisted Surveillance SystemClassified And Search Support Information SystemCenter for Applied Security Technology, DarmstadtCenter for Applied Special TechnologyCompetence Center for Applied Security TechnologyComputer Aided Software TestingCategoryCharacter Assignment TableChordal Axis TransformationCommon Allocation Table

175CATCATCATCATCATCATCATIACATNIPCATPCATSCATSCATSCATTCATVCATVCAUCAUCAUCECAVCAVCAVECAVECAWCBCBCBCBACBACBACBACBACBACCBCCBCCBCRCBDSCBDTPACBECBEFFCBEMACommon Authentication TechnologyComputer Adaptive TestComputer Aided Teaching/Testing/Telecommunication/TranslaComputerized Axial TomographyConcatenateConditionally Accepted TagComputer Graphic Aided Three Dimensional Interactive AppliCommon Architecture for Next Generation Internet ProtocolComputer Aided Technical PublishingComputer Aided/Assisted Teaching/Tracking/Training SystemComputer Aided Telephony ServicesComputer Automated Test SystemChina Academy of Telecommunication TechnologyCable TelevisionCommon/Community Antenna TelevisionCommand and Arithmetic UnitControl/Controlled/Concentrator Access UnitCoalition Against Unsolicited Commercial EmailComputer Aided VerificationConstant Angular VelocityCave/Computer Automatic Virtual EnvironmentComputer Aided Vision EngineeringChannel Address WordCall BackCell BroadcastCitizens’ BandCompare and Branch AnywayComputational Biology ActivityComputer Based Assessment/AutomationComputer Battery AnalyzerCurrent Buffer/Byte AddressContext Based Access ControlCanadian Broadcasting CorporationCipher Block ChainingChannel Byte Count RegisterConnectionless Broadband Data ServiceConsumer Broadband and Digital Television Promotion ActCell Broadband EngineCommon Biometric Exchange Format FrameworkComputer and Business Equipment Manufacturers’ Associatio

176ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICBGACBICBICBICBIPCBIPCBIRCBIRSCBJCBLCBLCBMSCBNCBOCBQCBRCBRCBRCBSCBTCBTCBWCBXCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCACeramic Ball Grid ArrayCharles Babbage InsituteComputer Based Instruction/InstrumentationCrossbar InterfaceCompressed Binaries IBM PCCurrent Book In ProgressContent Based Image RetrievalContent Based Image Retrieval SystemConflict-directed BackjumpingCommunication By LightComputer Based LearningComputer Based Mail SystemCommunity Based NetworkCoupling Between Object ClassesClass Based QueuingCAS before RASConstant/Continuous Bit RateContent Based RetrievalCrossbar SwitchComputer Based TrainingCore Based TreeConvert Byte to WordComputer-controlled/Computerized Branch ExchangeCable ConnectorCall/Communication CenterCarbon CopyChain/Channel CommandClassification CodeCluster/Communications ControllerCommon Criteria (for IT Security Evaluation)Condition Command/CodeCongestion ControlConnected ClientCountry CodeCoupled ChannelCreative CommonsCrossconnectCursor ControlCyclic CheckClear Channel Assessment

177CCACCBCCBCCBCCBSCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCBCCCHCCDCCDCCECCFCCFCCFCCFCCCCFLCCFTCCICCICCIACCIDCCIDCCIDCCIECCIRCCIRNCCISCCISCCITTCCKCCKCCKCCKCCLCCLCopy Control AssociationChange Control BoardChannel Command/Control BlockCyclic Check ByteCompletion of Call to Busy SubscriberCeramic Chip CarrierChange and Configuration ControlChaos Computer Club, HamburgComputer Chess CompetitionConference Control ChannelCredit Card CallingCommand, Control, Communications in BuildingsCommon Control ChannelCharge Coupled DeviceClass Communication DiagramConfiguration Control ElementCentral Computing FacilityChain Command FlagCommon Channel FrameworkComputer Coordinated Family Communcation and CooperatioCold Cathode Fluorescent LampCold Cathode Fluorescent TubeCommon Client InterfaceCopy Control InformationComputer + Communications Industry AssociationCall Correlation IdentifierComputers, Communications, Information DisseminationCorporate Customer Inforamtion DatabaseCisco Certified Internetwork ExpertComite Consultatif International des RadiocommunicationsCommittee for Intercontinental Research NetworksCommand and Control Information SystemCommon Channel Interoffice SignalingComite Consultatif International de Telegraphie et de TelephoCentre de Calcul El Khawarizmi, TunisCommunication Commission of KenyaComplementary Code KeyingComputerclub KamenClosed Conference LoopCommerce Control List

178ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICCLCCLCCLCCLCCLCCCLFCCMCCMCCMCCMCCNCCNCCNACCNGCCNPCCNRCCNUMACCPCCPCCPCCPCCPCCPPCCRCCRCCRCCRCCRNCCSCCSCCSCCSCCSCCSCCSCCSCCSCCSACCSACCSBCommon Command LanguageConnection/Cursor Control LanguageCorel Contractual LicensingCreative Commons LicenseCarrier Common Line ChargeCold Cathode Fluorescence LightColor Management SystemComputer Controlled ManufacturingCORBA Component Mode/ModelCounter with CBC-MacCluster ControllerCordless Communication NetworkCisco Certified Network AssociateComputer Communications Networks GroupCisco Certified Network ProfessionalCompletion of Call on No ReplyCache Coherent NUMACAN Calibration ProtocolCertified Computing ProfessionalCompression Control ProtocolConcurrent Constraint ProgrammingConsole/Communications Command/Control Processor/ProgramComposite Capability Preference ProfileCenter for Communications ResearchCommand and Control ResearchCommitment, Concurrency, Recovery (OSI)Current Cell RateCoordinating Council on Research NetworksCAPI Connection ServiceClosely Coupled SystemColour Calibration SystemCommon Channel SignallingCommon Command Set (SCSI)Common Communication Services/SupportComputing Classification SystemContinuos Composite ServoCryptographic ChecksumCheckpoint Certified Security AdministratorCommon Control Switching ArrangementThe Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies, Karlsruhe

179CCSD Cellular Circuit-Switched DataCCSE Checkpoint Certified Security EngineerCCSID Coded Character Set Identifier (IBM)CCSIS Community College Student Information SystemCCSP Contextually Communicating Sequential ProcessCCSS7 Common Channel Signalling System No. 7CCSY Cooperative Computing System ProgramCCT Computerized Communication TerminalCCTLD Country Code Top Level DomainCCTV Closed Circuit TelevisionCCU Central Communication/Control UnitCCU Communications Control UnitCCU Customer Control UnitCCUT Computer Center at the University of TokyoCCVP Cisco Certified Voice ProfessionalCCVR Centre de Calcul Vectoriel pour la RechercheCCW Channel Command WordCCW Coherent Continuous WaveCCW Continuous Composite Write (Once Disc)CCX Cisco Compatible ExtensionCD Call DeflectionCD Carrier DetectCD Chained DataCD Change Direction/DirectoryCD Collision DetectionCD Colour DisplayCD Committee Document (ISO)CD Compact DiskCD Control DataCD-R Compact Disk RecordableCD-RW Compact Disk Re-WritableCDA Clinical Document ArchitectureCDA Communications Decency ActCDA Compact Disk Audio (track)CDA Compound Document Architecture (DEC)CDAS Control and Data Acquisition SystemCDATA Character DataCDB Consolidated DatabaseCDBT Compact Disk Based TrainingCDC Certificate Distribution Center

180ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICDCCDCCDCCDDCDDACDDBCDDICDDLCDECDECDECDECDEVCDFCDFCDFCDFCDFCDFCDFSCDGCDICDICDIACDIFCDISCCDLCDMCDMCDMACDMFCDNCDNCCDOCDOSCDPCDPCDPCDPDCDRConnected Device ConfigurationControl Data Corporation (USA)Cult of the Dead CowCustom Debian DistributionCompact Disc Digital AudioCompact Disc Data BaseCopper Distributed Data InterfaceCommon Development and Distribution License (Sun)Common Desktop EnvironmentCompact Disc ErasableComplex Data EntryCooperative Development EnvironmentControl Panel DeviceChannel Definition File/FormatComma Delimited FormatCommon Data File/FormatCompound Document FrameworkContext Dependent FileCyberspace Description FormatCompact Disc File SystemCompact Disc GraphicalCompact Disc InteractiveContext Dependent InterchangeabilityCertified Document Imaging ArchitectCase Data Interchange FormatClinical Data Interchange Standards ConsortiumComputer Design LanguageCode Division MultiplexCompressed Data ModeCode Division Multiple AccessCommercial Data Masking FacilityContent Delivery NetworkChinese Domain Name ConsortiumCollaboration Data ObjectConcurrent Disk Operating SystemCertificate in Data ProcessingCisco Discovery ProtocolConditional Diphase (Encoding)Cellular Digital Packet DataCall Detail Record/Recording

181CDR Common Data RepresentationCDR Compact Disk RecordableCDR Corel Draw FormatCDRA Character Data Representation ArchitectureCDRAM Cached Dynamic Random Access MemoryCDRDX Compact Disk Read Only Memory Data Exchange StandardCDRFS Compact Disc Recordable File SystemCDRL Contract Data Requirements ListCDROM Compact Disk Read Only MemoryCDROMXA CD-ROM Extended ArchitectureCDS Cactus Data ShieldCDS Cell Directory Service (OSF, DCE)CDS Class Data SharingCDS Cross Domain SolutionCDS Current Directory StructureCDSA Common Data Security Architecture (Initiative)CDSL Consumer Digital Subscriber LineCDSL Context Dependent Symbolic LinkCDT Center for Democracy and Technology (USA)CDTV Commodore Dynamic Total VisionCDTV Compact Disk TelevisionCDU Central Data UnitCDU Classification Decimale UniverselleCDU Code Distribution UnitCDU Computers Down UnderCDU Configuration Data UnitCDU Connectix Desktop UtilitiesCDU Control Data UnitCDV Compact Disk VideoCDV Cell Delay VariationCDVT Cell Delay Variation ToleranceCDWO Compact Disk Write OnceCE Cache/Chip/Convert EnableCE Clear EntryCE Collision EliminationCE Conformite Europeenne (Konformitätskennzeichen)CE Consumer ElectronicsCE Customer Edge (device)CEASA Cellular Emergency Alert Service AssociationCEATA Consumer Electronics Advanced Technology Attachment

182ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICEBCEBCEBITCEBUSCECCECCCECMGCECPCEDEXCEFICCEGCEICEIPCEKCELPCELPCELTCEMCEMCEMECCEMMCEMSCENCENELECCENTRCEOCEOICEOPCEPCEPECCEPISCEPTCERCERCERACERFCERNCERTCESCESComite Electrotechnique BelgeConditional End BracketCentrum für Büro, Information und TelekommunikationConsumer Electronics BusCertified E-Commerce ConsultantElectronic Components CommitteeCentral Europe Computer Measurement GroupCountry Extended Code PageCourrier d’entreprise distribution exceptionelleEDIFACT-Subset Chemical IndustryContinuous Edge GraphicsConducted Electromagnetic InterferenceCustomer Experience Improvement ProgramContent Encryption KeyCard Edge Low ProfileCode Excited Linear PredictionCorpus of Electronic TextsCommon Evaluation MethodologyComputational ElectromagneticsCommittee of European Associations of Manufacturers of ElectronCompaq Expanded Memory ManagerConstituent Electronic Mail SystemComite Europeen de NormalisationComite Europeen de Normalisation ElectrotechniqueCouncil of European National Top level domain RegistriesChief Executive OfficerCentral European Olympiad in InformaticsConditional End Of PageConnection End PointCommittee of European Associations of Manufacturers of Passive ECouncil of European Professional Informatics SocietiesConference Europeenne des Administrations des Postes et des TeleCanonical Encoding RulesCell Error RatioClimate and Environmental Data Retrieval and ArchiveCalifornia Education and Research Federation (network)Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche NucleaireComputer Emergency Response TeamCircuit Emulation ServiceCoast Earth Station

183CESCESCCESGCESHCESTCESUCETCEVCFCFCFCFBCFBCFBCFDCFDCFDPCFDPCLNCFDPTKTCFECFECFGCFHCFICFLCFMCFMCFMCFMCFMLCFNRCFORCFPCFPCFPCFRCFRCFRICFSCFSConsumer Electronics ShowComponent Encoding Stream ConstructionCommunications Electronics Security Group (UK)Competence Center Electronic ShoppingCentral European Summer TimeCompatibility Encoding Scheme for UTF (Unicode)Central European TimeCommission on Electronic VotingCall ForwardingCompact Flash (Card)Compact FrameworkCall Forwarding BusyCipher FeedbackConfigurable Function BlockCall For Discussion (Usenet)Computational Fluid DynamicsCoherent File Distribution Protocol (Internet)Coherent File Distribution Protocol ClientCoherent File Distribution Protocol TicketCommon Firmware EnvironmentConnected Family EnvironmentConfigurationCOBOL File HandlerCanonical Format IndicatorContext Free LanguageClock From MasterCode Fragment ManagerCommon Functional ModelConfiguration ManagementCold Fusion Markup LanguageCall Forward/Forwarding on No Reply/ResponseConversational FORTRANCall For ProposalComputer, Freedom and PrivacyContent/Contention Free PeriodComputerized Facial RecognitionControlled Ferro Resonant (-USV)California Federation of Research InternetsCaching/Central/Common/Cryptographic File SystemCompletely Fair Scheduler

184ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICFTCFTCFTTCFUCFVCGCGCGCGCGACGALCGATSCGECGECGECGICGICGICGLCGMCGMIFCGMSCGPPCGSCGSCGSCGSCGUCGWCHCHAOSCHAPCHARMCHATCHCKCHCPCHDDCHDDCHECHIChirp Fourier TransformCray Fortran CompilerComputer Forensics Tool TestingCall Forwarding UnconditionalCall For Votes (Usenet)Computer GraphicsControl GateCore GatewayCyclic GroupColor Graphics Adapter (PC)Computational Geometry Algorithm LibraryCommittee for Graphic Arts Technologies Standards(Linux) Carrier Grade EditionCommon Graphics EnvironmentCompagnie General d’ElectriciteCommon Gateway InterfaceCommon/Composite/Computer Graphics InterfaceComputer Generated Image/ImageryCarrier Grade LinuxComputer Graphics MetafileComputer Graphics Metafile Interchange FormatCopy Generation Management SystemComputer Grahics: Principles and Practise (by Fowley)Common Graphics SystemComputer Graphics SocietyContinuous Grain SiliconInternational Computer Graphics SocietyComputer Graphics UnitCustomer/Campus GatewayCyclic HeaderCheap Array of Obsolete SystemsCryptographic/Challenge Handshake Authentication ProtocolCharacter ModeConversational Hypertext Access TechnologyChannel CheckChange Code PageCertified Help Desk DirectorCockpit Head Down DisplayChannel Hot ElectronComputer Human Interaction/Interface

185CHICCHILCHILCHILDCHILLCHIPSCHKPTCHLCHMCHOPCHPCCHRCHRCHRPCHSCHTMLCHVCICICICICICICICICICICIACIACIACIACCIAMCIAOCIBCICCICCICCICCICCICConstraint Handling in Industry and CommerceComputers in the Human Interaction LoopCurrent Hogging Injection LogicComputer Having Intelligent Learning and DevelopmentCCITT High Level LanguageClearinghouse Interbank Payments SystemCheckpointCurrent Hogging LogicCooperative HypermediaChannel OperatorCenter for High Performance ComputingCharacterConstraint Handling RulesCommon Hardware Reference PlatformCylinders, Heads, SectorsCompact/Compressed Hypertext Markup LanguageCard Holder ValueCall IntrusionCoded InformationCommand InterpreterCommon/Component/Computer InterfaceCommunications IntegratorComputational IntelligenceComputer Interconnect/InterfaceCongestion IndicatorContinuous IntegrationControl and IndicationComputer Interface AdapterCAN In AutomationCurrent Instruction AddressComputer Incident Advisory CapabilityComputerized Integrated and Automatic ManufacturingComponent-Integrated ACE ORBComputer Integrated Building/BureaucracyCarrier Identification CodeCertified IT ConsultantCommittee on Institutional CooperationCoordination and Information Center (CSNet)Computing Information CenterComputing, Information + Communications

186ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICICACICSCIDCIDCIDCIDCIDASCIDIFCIDPCIDRCIECIELABCIEXYZCIEDSCIFCIFCIFCIFCIFSCIFSCIINCIIRCIKCILCILCILCIMCIMCIMCIMCIMCINTCIOCIOCIOCSCIOSCIPCIPCIPCIPCenter of Innovative Computer ApplicationsCustomer Information Control System (IBM)Charge Injection DeviceConference IdentifierConfiguration, Installation, DistributionCustomer IdentifierConversational Interactive Digital Analog SimulatorCentre International pour le Developpement de l’Inforoute en FranComputer Industry Development PotentialClassless Inter/Internet Domain RoutingCommission Internationale de l’Eclairage (Farbmodell)Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage LAB (Farbmodell)Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage XYZ (Farbmodell)Computer Integrated Electron Design SeriesCell in FramesComputer Integrated FacilitiesCommon Intermediate FormatCustomer Information FeedCommon Insecurity Fail ScrutinyCommon Internet File System (Protocol)Corporate Integrated Information NetworkCenter for Intelligent Information Retrieval, Mass.Crypto-Ignition KeyCommon Intermediate LanguageComputer Inoperative LimitsComputerintegrierte LogistikCommon Information ModelCompuServe Information ManagerComputer Input MicrofilmComputer Integrated ManufacturingCustom Install ManagerCall InterceptionCentral Imagery OfficeChief Information OfficerCommunication Input/Output Control System (IBM)Communication Institute for Online ScholarshipCatalogue Interoperability ProtocolCatalogue/Cataloguing In Publication/PublishingClassical IPCommand Interface Port

187CIPCIPCIPCIPCIPCIPCIPCIPACIPECIPPCIPRCIPSCIPSOCIRCIRCIRCCIRCCIRSCCISCISCISCISCISCISCISCISCISCISCISCISCISCISACCISAMCISCCISECISKACISPRCITCITCITCommon Indexing ProtocolCommon ISDN Access ProfileCompatible Independent PeripheralsComputer Aided Intuition Guided ProgrammingComputer-Investitionsprogramm des Bundes und der LänderConcert Internet PlusConstraint Imperative ProgrammingChildren’s Internet Protection ActCryptographic Internet Protocol EncapsulationContexts, Input, Processes + ProductsCommission on Intellectual Property RightsCanadian Information Processing SocietyCommercial/Common Internet Protocol Security OptionClassless Interdomain RoutingCommitted Information/Interface RateCircular ReferenceCross Interleaved Reed Solomon CodeCross Interleave Solomon CodeCALEA Implementation SectionCard Information StructureCascade Inline ScriptingCASE Integration ServicesCenter for Internet SecurityClient Information Server/SystemCompact Image SensorComputer Information SystemCompuServe Information ServiceComputational and Information SciencesContact Image SensorComputerized Information ServiceCustomer Information SystemConfederation Internationale des Societes d’Auteurs et CompoC-Index Sequential Access MethodComplex Instruction Set Computer/CodeComputer and Information Science and Engineering DirectoraCampus Informationssystem der Universität KarlsruheComite International Special des Perturbations RadioelectriquCalifornia Institute of TechnologyCommunications Improvement TeamCompany Integrated Telephony

188ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICITCITABCITEDCITISCITSFCIVRCIWCIXCIXCIXCJKVCJLICKCKDCKECKSMCLCLCLCLCLCLCLAACLAGCLAMSCLARCLASPCLASSCLASSCLBCLCCLCCLCCLCCCLCSCLDCLDATACLDCCLDRCLEComputer Integrated Telephone/TelephonyComputer Instruction and Training Assistance for the BlindCopyright In Transmitted Electronic DocumentsContractor Integrated Technical Information ServiceCommission Internationale de Telegraphie Sans FilComputer and Interactive Voice ResponseCertified Internet WebmasterCentral/Commercial Internet ExchangeCompulink Information ExchangeCommercial Internet Exchange (Association)Chinese - Japanese - Korean - VietnameseCommand Job Language InterpreterClockCount Key DataClock EnableChecksumClosed LoopComputational LinguisticsConnectionless ServiceControl LanguageCurrent LicenseCycle LengthCarry Look Ahead AdderCarry Look Ahead GeneratorCommon Los Alamos Mathematical SoftwareChannel Local Address RegisterComputer Language for Aeronautics and Space ProgrammingClient Access to Systems and ServicesCustom Local Area Signalling ServiceComponent Load BalancingCapacity Limiting ConstituentsClear Carry FlagComputing Learning CenterClosed Loop Congestion ControlCurrent Logic Current SwitchingClear Direction FlagCutter Location DataConnected Limited Device ConfigurationCommon Locale Data RepositoryCertified Linux Engineer/Expert

189CLECCLEFCLEOCLFCLHCLICLICLICLICLICLICLIBCLICCLICSCLIDCLIPCLIRCLISTCLKCLLCLLMCLMPCLNPCLNSCLOCLOBCLOECLOOCLOSCLOWNCLPCLPCLPCLPPCRECLRCLRCLRCLRCLRTCCLSCompetitive Local Exchange CarrierEuropean Commercial Licensed Evaluation FacilitiesClassified Energy Online (database)Common Log (File) FormatCommand Line HistoryCall Level InterfaceCalling Line IdentificationClear Interrupt (flag)Client Library InterfaceCommand Line Interface/InterpreterCommon Language Infrastructure/Interface/InterpreterC LibraryChemnitzer Linux ClusterComputer Linked Information for Container ShippingCalling Line IdentificationCalling Line Identification PresentationCalling/Connected Line Identification RestrictionCommand ListClockCorel License for LearningConsolidated Link Layer ManagementConnectionless-Mode Network ProtocolConnectionless Network Protocol (OSI)Connectionless Mode Network ServiceClass Option (LaTeX)Character Large ObjectCommon LISP Operating EnvironmentReverse Object Oriented Logical ChannelCommon LISP Object SystemCluster Of Working NodesCell Loss Payload/PriorityClipboardConstraint Logic ProgrammingCommon Lisp Portable Perl Compatible Regular ExpressionsCell Loss RatioClearCommon Language RuntimeComputer Language ResearchClear Real Time ClockClear Screen

190ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICLSCLSCLSIDCLTCLTCLTDCLTPCLTSCLTSCLTVCLUCLUFCLUICLUTCLVCLVCLWCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMACMAKCMANCMARCMBCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMDCMDCMDFCMDSCMECMECommon Language SupportConnectionless ServerClass IdentifierCommuncations Line TerminalComputer Language TranslatorClock and Tones DistributionConnectionless Transport Protocol (OSI)Clear Task Switch FlagConnectionless Transport ServiceConstant Linear Time VelocityCentral Logic UnitContrat de Licence Utilisateur FinalCommand Line User InterfaceColour Look-up TableCeiling Limit ValueConstant Linear VelocityCertified Linux WizardCentral MemoryCommunications Manager (IBM)Compilation ManagerConfiguration ManagementConnection MachineControl MarkCorrective MaintenanceConcert Multi-thread ArchitectureConnection Manager Administration KitCluster ManagerControl Memory Address RegisterCommon Management BusCommon Mail/Messaging CallCommunication Management ConfigurationComplement Carry FlagComputer Mediated CommunicationConstruction Maintenance CenterCircuit Mode DataCommandC Memo Distribution FacilityComputer Misuse Detection SystemCenter for Media EducationCommon Malware Enumeration

191CMECMFCMFCMGRCMHCMIIWCMIPCMISCMLCMLCMLCMLCMLCMLCMMCMMCMMCMMICMMLCMMSCMMUCMOLCMOSCMOSCMOTCMOVCMPCMPCMPSCMPTCMRCMRCMSCMSCMSCMSCMSCMSCMTCMTCore Managed EnvironmentCommand FileCreative Music FormatCampus/Connection ManagerCross My Heart (Slang)Correct Me If I’m Wrong (Slang)Common Management Information Protocol (OSI)Common Management Information Services/SystemChemical/Commodore Markup LanguageConceptual Modelling LanguageConcurrent MetalanguageConfiguration Menu LanguageContext Modelling LanguageCurrent Mode LogicCapability Maturity ModelColor Management ModuleComputerized Measurement MachineCapability Maturity Model IntegratedContinuous Media Markup LanguageComputerized Maintenance Management SoftwareCache Memory Management UnitCMIP Over LLCCoats-Mellon Operational SpecificationComplementary Metal Oxide SemiconductorCommon Management Information Protocol over TCP/IPConditional Move (and Compare Instructions)Cellular/Chip-integrated Multi-ProcessingConfiguration Management PlanCompare Word StringCAPI Message Control ProtocolCell Misinsertion RateCorporate Message RecoveryCall Management ServerCode/Color/Connection/Content Management SystemCompiler Monitor SystemContent Management SystemConversational Monitor System (IBM)Cryptographic Message SyntaxCellular Mobile TelephoneChip Multi Threading

192ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICMTCMTCMTPCMTSCMUCMVCCMWCMXCMYCMYKCNCNCNACNACNAMECNAPSCNASICNBCNCCNCCNDCNDCNECNETCNFCNFCNGCNGCNGCNICNICNICNICNIDCNIDRCNILCNIPCNIRCNLCNMConfiguration Management ToolConnection ManagementCAPI Message Transport ProtocolCable Modem Termination SystemCarnegie-Mellon-University, Pittsburgh, USAConfiguration Management and Version Control (IBM)Compartment Mode WorkstationCommunication Method SINIX (Siemens)cyan, magenta, yellow (Farbmodell)cyan, magenta, yellow, key/black (Farbmodell)Comfort NoiseCorporate NetworkCertified NetWare/Network AdministratorCustomer Name and AddressCanonical Name (Record)Co-Processing Node Architecture for Parallel SystemsCentre for Networked Access to Scholarly Information (AustralienCollective NotebookComplete Network CentreComputerized Numerical ControlCalling Number DeliveryCaldera Network DesktopCertified NetWare Engineer/Expert (Novell)Centre National d’Etudes des Telecommunications, ParisChomsky Normal FormConfigurationCalling (tone)Comfort Noise GenerationComplete No-GoodCentre National d’InformatiqueCertified NetWare Instructor (Novell)Coalition for Networked InformationCommunications Network InternationalCalling Number IdentificationClearinghouse for Networked Information Discovery and RetrievalCommission Nationale de l’Informatique et des LibertesCalling Name Identification PresentationCalling/Connected Name Identification RestrictionC Numerical LibraryCustomer Network Management

193CNMACNNCNNCNNICCNPCNRCNRCNRCNRICNRPCNRSCNSCNSCNSSCNTCNTCNXCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOACOACOACOAMCOARACOASTCOASTCOBCOBOLCOCCOCOTCODCODCODASYLCODECODECCommunications Network for Manufacturing ApplicationCable News NetworkComposite Network NodeChina Network Imformation CenterCorporate Network ProviderCarrier to Noise RatioCommunications and Networking RiserComposite Noise RatioCorporation for National Research InitiativesCommon Name Resolution ProtocolCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Frankreich)Color Naming SystemCommunications Network SystemCore Nodal Switching Subsystem (Internet)Carbon Nano TubeCentral Networking TestbedCertified NetWare/Network ExpertCall OfferCentral OfficeChief OperatorCommand OutputCommunication OutletConvert OutCrystal OscillatorCare Of AddressCertificate Of AuthenticityCompound Online Analytical Processing ArchitectureCustomer Owned And MaintainedCommunication of Oita Amateur Research AssociationCard On A StickComputer Operations, Audit and Security TechnologyChip On BoardCommon Business Oriented LanguageCoded Optical CharacterCustomer Owned Coin Operated TelephoneCapacity On DemandCode (list)Committee/Conference on Data System LanguagesClient Server Open Development EnvironmentCoder/Decoder

194ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICODEC Compression/DecompressionCODINE Computing in Distributed Networked EnvironmentsCODIT Code Division TestbedCOE Central Office EquipmentCOE Common Operating EnvironmentCOEDS Common Event Database SystemCOEM Commercial Original Equipment ManufacturerCOFDM Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division MultiplexCOFF Common Object File FormatCOGO Coordinate Geometry (Language)COIN Console Interrupt RequestCOINS Computer Output Information SystemCOL Caldera Open LinuxCOL CollisionCOL Computer Oriented LanguageCOLA comp.os.linux.announce (Newsgroup)COLD Computer Output to Laser DiscCOLL CollisionCOLP Connected Line Identification PresentationCOLR Connected Line Identification RestrictionCOLT Communications Line TerminatorCOLT Computer Oriented Language TranslatorCOLT Control Language TranslatorCOM CommandCOM commercial; Internet-Domain: Firmen in USACOM Common/Component Object ModelCOM CommunicationCOM Component Object ModelCOM Computer Output MicrofilmCOM Continuation Of MessageCOMAL Common Algorithmic LanguageCOMDEX Computer Dealers’ ExpositionCOMET Cornell Macintosh Terminal EmulatorCOMHED Common HeaderCOMINT Communications IntelligenceCOMM CommunicationsCOMMS Customer Oriented Manaufacturing Management SystemCOMP CompareCOMPACT Computer Planning and Control TechniqueCOMPSAC International Computer Software and Applications Conference

COMSOAL Computer Method of Sequencing Operations for Assembly Lin195COMSAT Communications Satellite CorporationCOMSEC Communications SecurityCOMSL Communications System Simulation LanguageCOMTRAN Commercial Translator (IBM)CON ConsoleCOND ConditionCONF Conference, ConfigurationCONP Connected Name Identification PresentationCONP Connection Oriented Network ProtocolCONS Connection Oriented Network ServiceCONTU Commission On New Technological Uses of Copyrighted WorkCOO Chief Operating OfficerCOOL Control Oriented LanguageCOP Constrained Optimization ProblemCOP CPU Overheating ProtectionCOPA Child Online Protection ActCOPE Communications Opportunity, Promotion and Enhancement (ACOPE Computer Performance EvaluationCOPICS Communications Oriented Production Information and ControCOPS Common Open Policy ServiceCOPS Computer Oracle and Password SystemCOR Common Object RuntimeCORAL Computer Online Real-Time Applications LanguageCORBA Common Object Request Broker ArchitectureCORE Common Runtime EnvironmentCORE Council of Registrars (Internet)CORNET Corporate ISDN Network ProtocolCOS Card/Cray Operating SystemCOS Class of ServiceCOS Compatible Operation SystemCOS Complementary SwitchingCOS Corporation for Open Systems (OSI)COS Custom Order SpecificationCOSE Combined Office Standard EnvironmentCOSE Common Open Software/Systems EnvironmentCOSINE Cooperation for OSI Networking in EuropeCOSMIC Computer Software Management and Information Center (NACOSMOS Complementary Symmetric Metal Oxide SemiconductorCOSMOS Computer Oriented System for Management Order Synthesis

196ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICOSMOSCOSNCOSOCOSPASCOSSCOSYCOTCOTKCOTSCOTSCOTSCOTSCOVECOWCOWCPCPCPCPCPCPCPCPCPCPCPCPCPCPCPCPACPACPACPACPACPANCPBXCPCCPCCPCComputer System for Mainframe OperationsConsortium for School NetworkingCharge One Site OnlyCosmicheskaya Sistyema Poiska Avariynich SudovCommon Object Services SpecificationConferencing SystemCustomer Owned ToolingControl TrackCoin Operated Telephone SystemCommercial Off The Shelf (software)Commodity Off The Shelf (Cluster)Connection Oriented Transport ServiceCode VerificationCopy On WriteCluster Of WorkstationsCall PayCard PunchCentral/Communications/Customized ProcessorCheck/Control PointChoke PacketCircuit PackageCode PageComplete PartitioningComputer ProfessionalConducting PolymerContention ProcedureContinuous PathConstraint ProgrammingControl ProgramCopy ProtectedCertified Public AccountantClosest Point of ApproachCode Parasite AutopropageableCost Per ActionCritical Path AnalysisComprehensive Perl Archive NetworkComputerized Private Branch ExchangeCard Programmable Calculator (IBM)Computer Process ControlConstant Point Calculation

197CPCCPCSCPCSCPDCPECPECPECPFRCPFSKCPGCPGCPGCPICPICPICPICPICPICPICCPIMCPLCPLCPLCPLCPLCPLCPLCPLDCPLDCP/MCPMCPMCPMCPMCPMCPMCPNCPNCPOCPOCost Per ClickCheck Processing Control SystemCommon Part Convergence SublayerConstructive Page DescriptionCentral Processing ElementComputer Performance EvaluationCustomer Provided/Premises EquipmentCollaborative Planning, Forecasting, and ReplenishmentContinuous Phase Frequency Shift KeyingCentral Pattern GeneratorClock Pulse GeneratorCOSINE Policy Groupcharacters per inchClocks Per InstructionCode Page InformationCommon Part IndicationCommon Programming Interface (IBM)Cost Performamce IndexCommon Programming Interface for Communications (IBM)Common Presence and Instant MessagingCall Processing Language (Telecom)Characters Per Line (cpl)Combined Programming LanguageCommon Public LicenseControl Panel Library (Microsoft)Current Privilege LevelCyberathlete Professional LeagueCMOS Programmable Logic DeviceComplex Programmable Logic DeviceControl Programm for Microcomputers (DEC)Control Programm for Microcomputers (DEC)Colliding Pulse ModeComputer Program Protection ManagerCorporate Performance ManagementCritical Path MethodCryptography Provider ManagerConditional PathnameCustomer Premises NetworkCertified Project OfficerChief Privacy Officer

198ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICPPCPPMCPPMCPPSCPRMCPSCPSCPSCPSCPSCPSACPSCCPSICPSRCPSTCPTCPTCPTCPTCPTWGCPUCPVCPWCQLCQMCQPCRCRCRCRC/RCRAMCRAMCRAMCRCCRCCRCGCRCWCRDCRDCorporate Preview ProgramComputer Protection Program ManagerContent Protection for Prerecorded MediaCritical Path Planning and SchedulingContent Protection for Recordable MediaCertification Practice StatementConstraint Parameter SetContinuation Passing StyleCritical Path Schedulingcycles/characters per secondConsumer Product Safety ActConsumer Product Safety CommissionConfigurable Post Script InterpreterComputer Professionals for Social ResponsibilityControl Point Spanning TreeCommand Pass ThruCommon Point of TrustCOSINE Project Management TeamCritical Path TechniqueCopyright Protection Technical Working GroupCentral Processing UnitCold Process VerificationCommercial Processing WorkloadChannel Queue LimitClass Queue ManagementCorpus Query ProcessorCambridge RingCarriage ReturnCore (Network) RouterCray Research, Inc.Command ResponseCard Random Access MemoryChallenge Response Authentication MechanismCyberspatial Reality Advancement MovementClass, Responsibility, Collaboration/CollaboratorsCyclic Redundancy CheckFraunhofer Center for Research in Computer GraphicsConcurrent Read, Concurrent Write (PRAM)Color Rendering DictionaryCreation Revision Deletion (request)

199CRENCREWCREWCRFCRFCRICRIMCRIMMCRISPCRLCRLCR/LFCRMCRMCROMCRPCCRRCRSCRSCRSABCRTCRTCRTCCRTCCRTMCRUCRUCRUCRUDCRVCSCSCSCSCSCSCSCSCSCSCorporation/Computer Research Education/Educational NetwCompact for Responsive Electronic WritingConcurrent Read, Exclusive Write (PRAM)Cable Retransmission FacilityCross Reference FileColour Reproduction IndicesCentre de Recherche Informatique de MontrealContinuity RIMMComplex Reduced Instruction Set ProcessorCertificate Revocation ListCompile-time Reconfigurable LogicCarriage Return/Line FeedCommunications + Records ManagementCustomer Relationship ManagementControl Read Only MemoryCenter for Research on Parallel ComputationChange Request ReplyCell Relay ServiceComputer Reservation SystemCentralized Repair Service Answering BureauCathode Ray TubeChinese Remainder TheoremCanadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications CommissCathode Ray Tube ControllerCore Root of Trusted ModuleComite Reseau des UniversitesComputer Resource UnitCustomer Replaceable UnitCreate, Read, Update, and DeleteCode Rule ViolationCable/Card/Chip SelectCall SignCard ServiceChip SelectCircuit SwitchingClear ScreenClear to SendClient/ServerCode SegmentCoding Scheme

200ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICS Communications Satellite/SystemCS Computer ScienceCS Continuous ServoCS Convergence SublayerCS Correspondence SystemCS-ACELP Conjugate Structure Algebraic Code Excited Linear PredictionCS1 Capability Set 1CS80 Command Set 80 (Hewlett-Packard)CSA Calendaring and Scheduling APICSA Call Path Service ArchitectureCSA Communications Streaming ArchitectureCSA Comprehensive System AccountingCSA Conseil Superieur de l’AudiovisuelCSA Cyber Security Agency, EUCSAR Channel System Address RegisterCSB Channel Status ByteCSC Center for Scientific ComputingCSC COSPAS-SARSAT-CouncilCSCR Consortium for Slow Commotion ResearchCSCW Computer Supported Cooperative/Collaborative WorkCSD Circuit Switched DataCSD Cold ShutdownCSD Computer Services DepartmentCSD Corrective Service Disk/Diskette (IBM)CSDC Code Segment Descriptor CacheCSDGM Content Standard for Digital Geospatial MetadataCSDN Circuit Switched Data/Digital NetworkCSDS Circuit Switched Data ServiceCSE Certified System EngineerCSE Customer Support EngineerCSE Common Subexpression EliminationCSEA Cyber Security Enhancement ActCSF Compagnie Sans FilCSF Content Sealed FormatCSFI Communication Subsystem For InterconnectionCSG Constructive Solid GeometryCSG Consulting Services GroupCSI Code Sequence IdentificationCSI Command Sequence IntroducerCSI Common Synchronous/System Interface

201CSICSICCSICCSIDCSIDCSIPCSIPCSIRTCSLCSLCSLIPCSMCSMA/CACSMA/CDCSMA/CECSMPCSMSCSNCSNCSNCSNETCSOCSPCSPCSPCSPCSPCSPCSPCSPCSPCSPDNCSPDUCSPLACSPPCSPWGCSRCSRCSRCSRAMComputer Security Institute, San Francisco, USAComputer System Interface CircuitCustomer Specific Integrated CircuitCalled Subscriber Identifier/IdentificationCalling Station IdentifierCompressed Sources IBM PCCorporate Stable Image PlatformComputer Security Incident Response TeamComputation Structures LanguageComputer/Context Sensitive LanguageCompressed Serial Line Interface ProtocolCompatibility Support ModuleCarrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision AvoidanceCarrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision DetectionCarrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision EliminationContinuous System Modelling ProgramCustomer Support Management SystemCard Select NumberCircuit Switched NetworkCustomer Service NumberComputer and Science Network, USACentral Services OrganizationCertified Systems ProfessionalChip Scale/Size PackagingCommercial Service ProviderCommercial Subroutine PackageCommunicating Sequential Process/ProcessesCompuCom Speed ProtocolConstraint Satisfaction ProblemCross System ProductCryptographic Service ProviderCircuit Switched Public Data NetworkConvergence Sublayer Protocol Data UnitConseil superieur de la Propriete Litteraire et ArtistiqueComputer Systems Policy ProjectComputer Security Policy Working GroupCell Switch RouterControl and Status Register ManagementCustomer Service RecordCustom Static Random Access Memory

202ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICSRCCSRFCSRGCSRGCSSCSSCSSCSSCSSCSSCSSCSSCSSCSSCSSCSSCSSCSSDCSSLCSSMCSSMCSSOCSSPCSSSPCSTACSTACCSTBCSTRCSTSCSUCSUCSVCSVCSVCSVCSWCSZCTCTCTComputer Security Resource CenterCross Site Request Forgery(Austin) Common Standards Revision GroupComputer Systems Research Group (Berkeley)Cascaded/Cascading Style SheetCentralized Structure StoreChirp Spread SpectrumClient-Server-SystemCode Storage SegmentCoded Switch SetComputer Scheduling SystemComputer SubsystemContent Scrambling SystemContinuous System SimulatorCore System SoftwareCritical Systems SupportCross Site ScriptingCloneproof Schwartz Sequential DroppingContinuous System Simulation LanguageClient Server Systems ManagementComputer Security Site ManagerComputer System Security OfficerCascading Style Sheet PositioningCommon Sparse Spectral Spatial PatternComputer Supported Telephony ApplicationComputer Systems Technical Advisory CommitteeComputer Science + Technology BoardComputing Science Technical ReportComputer Supported Telecommunication/Telephony StandardChannel Service/Switching UnitControl and Service UnitCertified Server ValidationCircuit Switched VoiceClient SMTP VerificationComma Separated Values/VariablesChannel Status WordClark, Shenker, Zhang (algorithm)Call TransferChipcard TerminalClock Time

203CTCTCTCTCTANCTBCTBCTBCTCCTCCTCCTCPCTCPECCTCSSCTDCTDBCTDBCTEACTESCTFCTFCTICTICTIACTLCTLCTLCTLCTMCTMCTNCTOCTOSCTOSCTPCTPCTPCTPCTPACTRComputer Technik/Telephony/TomographyControllerCordless TelephoneCut ThroughComprehensive TeX Archive NetworkCipher Type ByteCommunication Toolbox (Apple)Computer Based TrainingChannel To ChannelCornell Theory CenterCounter Timer ChipClient To Client ProtocolCanadian Trusted Computer Product Evaluation CriteriaContinuous Tone Coded/Controlled Squelch SystemCell Transfer DelayClustered Trivial Data BaseCompact Terrain Data BaseCopyright Term Extension ActCell Technology Evaluation SystemCommon Trace FacilityContrast Transfer FunctionComputational Testbed for IndustryComputer Telephony IntegrationCellular Telecommunications Industry AssociationComplementary Transistor LogicComplex Text LayoutCorel Transactional LicensingCTSS Command Language ControllerClock and Tone ModuleCordless Terminal MobilityCorporate Telecommunication NetworkChief Technical/Technology Officer/OfficesCassette Tape Operating SystemCorporate Telecommunications and Office SystemsCommunity Technology PreviewComposite Theoretical PerformanceComputer To PlateCordless Telephony ProfileCoax to Twisted Pair AdapterCable Throw Replacement

204ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICTR Center for Telecommunications Research, Columbia U.CTR Common Technical RegulationsCTR Computing Tabulating Recording (Corporation)CTR CounterCTR Current Transfer RatioCTRCO Calculating Tabulating Recording CorporationCTRL ControlCTS Clear To SendCTS Common Transport SemanticsCTS Common Type SystemCTS Computer Telephony SolutionCTS (EC) Conformance Testing ServicesCTS Courier Time ServerCTS Customer Telephone SystemCTSS Compatible/Cray Time-Sharing SystemCTY Console TeletypeCU Control UnitCU Customer UseCU See You (Slang)CU2 See You, Too (Slang)CUA Common User Access (IBM)CUA Commonly Used AcronymCUA Computer Users AssociationCUB Cursor BackwardCUCN Communication Controller NodeCUD Cursor DownCUDA Compute Unified Device ArchitectureCUE Custom Updates and ExtrasCUF Cursor ForwardCUG Closed/Closet User GroupCUI Captive/Common/Consistent User InterfaceCUI Character/Character-oriented User InterfaceCUL See You Later (Slang)CUNY City University of New YorkCUOD Central Unit on DemandCUP Communications User ProgramCUP Competitive UpgradeCUP Cursor PositionCUPID Completely Universal Processor Input/Output DesignCUPS Common UNIX Printing System

205CURLCUSICUSIPCUSPCUSSNETCUTCUTECUUCUUCVDCVDCVECVECVFCVFCVGACVIACVNCVPCVSCVSCVSDCVTCVTCVWCVWCWCWCWCWACWICWISCWPCWSCXFSCXICXMLCYACYKCYLCambridge University Robot LanguageConfigurable Unified Search IndexCommittee for Uniform Security Identification Procedures, USCustomer Programming LanguageComputer Use in Social Sciences NetworkControl Unit TerminalClarkston University Terminal EmulatorComputerunterstützter UnterrichtCursor UpClamAV Virus DatabaseCompact Video DiskCollaborative Virtual EnvironmentCommon Vulnerabilities and ExposuresCompressed VFATCompressed Volume FileColor Video Graphics ArrayComputer Virus Industry AssociationCredit Card Validation NumberCollaborative Virtual PrototypingComputer Vision SyndromeConcurrent Versions SystemContinuous Variable Slope Delta (Modulation)ConvertCoordinated Video Timings (VESA)CodeView for Windows (Microsoft)Collaborative Virtual Workspace (License)Call WaitingContinuous WaveControl WordCompetitive Web AnalysisCentrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica, AmsterdamCampus/Community Wide Information Service/System (InternCommunication Word ProcessorCongestion Window SettingSGI Clustered Extended File SystemCommon X InterfaceCommerce Extensible Markup LanguageCover Your Ass (Slang)Cocke-Younger-Kasami (-Algorithmus)Cylinder

206ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNICYLCYMKSee You Later (Slang)Cyan Yellow Magenta Key/Black (Farbmodell)DDD2CD2PCD2T2D64SDADADADADAADAADAADAADAADABDABDABDACDACDACDACDACDACDACDACDACDACDDACKDACLDACSDACSDACSDACTDACTLUDADDaemon, Data, Deutsch, Digital, Direct, Document, DoubleDatenleitungDigital To CharacterDynamic Two Phase CommitmentDye Diffusion Thermal Transfer (Drucker)ISDN-Festverbindung 64 kbit/sDestination AddressDigital/Analog, D/ADirect AccessDestination AddressData Access ArrangementDecimal Adjust for AdditionDetect and Avoid AlgorithmDigest Access AuthenticationDynamic Adaptive AcknowledgmentDaten-AutobahnDigital Audio Broadcast/BroadcastingDirect Access BufferData Acquisition and ControlDaily Administrative CheckDesign Automation ConferenceDevice Access CodeDigital-Analog-ConverterDigital Audio CopyDiscretionary Access ControlDistributed Academic ComputingDual Attached/Attachment Component/ConcentratorDirectory Access Control DomainDMA AcknowledgeDiscretionary Access Control List (Microsoft)Data Acquisition Control SystemData and Analysis Center for Software, DoD, USADigital Access and Cross-connect SystemData Compression TechnologyDeactivate Logical UnitDesktop Application Director

207DAD Duplicate Address DetectionDAE DatenaufnahmeeinheitDAE Differential-algebraic EquationDAE Digital Audio ExtractionDAF Destination Address FieldDAF Deutsche-Arbeitsfront-EmpfängerDAG Directed Acyclic GraphDAG DirektrufnetzabschlussgerätDAGM Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft für MustererkennungDAI Distributed Artificial IntelligenceDAK Diagnose-KanalDAKfCBNF Deutscher Arbeitskreis für CB- und NotfunkDAKS DateikatalogsystemDAL Data Access Language/LayerDAL Dedicated Access LineDAL Disk Access LockoutDAM Data Acquisition and MonitoringDAM Debian Account ManagerDAM Digital Asset ManagementDAM Digital Audio MonitorDAM Direct Access MethodDAMA Demand Assigned Multiple AccessDAML DARPA/Distributed Agent Markup LanguageDAML Digital Archives Markup LanguageDAMPS Digital Advanced Mobile Phone ServiceDAN Domestic/Desk Area NetworkDANCC Domestic Area Network Coordination CentreDANTE Delivery of Advanced Network Technology to EuropeDANZKO DatennetzkoordinatorDAO Data Access ObjectDAO Disk At OnceDAP Data Access Protocol (DEC)DAP Data Archiving ProcessDAP Developer Assistance ProgramDAP Directory Access ProtocolDAP Division Advisory Panel (NSF)DAP Document Application ProfileDAP Dynamic Application PartitioningDAPC Data Acquisition and Process ControlDAPI Desktop Application Programming Interface

208ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDAPIE Developers’ Application Programming Interface ExtensionsDAR Datenausgabe-RegisterDAR Digital Audio RadioDAR Display Aspect RatioDAR Dynamic Adaptive RoutingDARC Data Radio ChannelDARC Deutscher Amateur-Radio ClubDARI Database Application Remote Interface (IBM)DARMS Digital Alternate Realization of Musical SymbolsDARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, USADART Dexterous Anthropomorphic Robotic TestbedDART Digital Audio Reconstruction TechnologyDAS Data Acquisition Subsystem/SystemDAS Datenausgabe-SteuerungDAS Decimal Adjust for SubtractionDAS Digital Analysis SystemDAS Direct Attached StorageDAS Dual Attached/Attachment Station (FDDI)DASAT Datenübertragung via SatellitDASD Direct Access Storage DeviceDASH Digital Audio Stationary HeadDASL DAV Search and LocateDASP Data Administration Strategic PlanDASP Data Analysis Statistics and ProbabilityDASP Deliver Automated Solutions ProcessDASP Drive active – Slave presentDASP Dynamic Adaptive Speculative PreprocessorDASS Direct Access Secondary StorageDASS Ditributed Authentication Security ServiceDAST Datenaustausch-SteuerungDAT Digital Audio TapeDAT Disk Array TechnologyDATACOM Data CommunicationsDATC Drake Authorized Testing Center (Novell)DATEL Data TelecommunicationDATEV Datenverarbeitungsorganisation der steuerberatenden BerufeDATEX-J Data Exchange for JedermannDATEX-L Data Exchange by Lines (leitungsvermittelt)DATEX-M Data Exchange Multi-MegabitDATEX-P Data Exchange in Packages (paketvermittelt)

209DATVDAUDAUDAUDAUDAVDAVDAVDAVACSDAVICDAVIDDAWGDBDBDBDBADBBDBBSDBBSDBCDBCDBCESDBCSDBCSDBEDBFSDBHDBIDBICDBLPDBMDBMDBMLDBMSDBPDBPSKDBQDBQDBRDBRDigital Amateur TelevisionDigitaler AlarmumsetzerDigital Announcement UnitDümmster Anzunehmender User (Slang)Dynamische Adress-UmsetzungData AvailableDigital Audio VideoDistributed Authoring and VersioningDoE Automated Visitor Access Control SystemDigital Audio Video CouncilDigital Audio Video Interactive DecoderDirected Acyclic Word GraphData Base/BufferDevice BayDynamic BacktrackingDatabase Access/Agent/AdministratorDetect Before BreakDatabase Baby Sitter (DBA)Dynamic Bass Boost SystemData Bus ControllerDevice Bay ControllerDynamic Bandwidth Utilization in 64 kBit/s Time Slot TrunkiDelivery Bar Code SorterDouble-Byte Character SetData Base EngineData Base File SystemData Base HandlerData Base Interface (Class)Dezibel Isometric CircularDigital Bibliography + Library ProjectData Base ManagerDezibel per MilliwattData Base Markup LanguageData Base Management SystemDeutsche BundespostDifferential Binary Phase Shift KeyingData Base QueryData/Document Based QuestionDeterministic Bit RateDOS Boot Record

210ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDBSDBSDBSDBSDBSDBTDBVDBVDBWRDBXDCDCDCDCDCDCDCDCDCDCDCADCADCADCADCADCAFDCAMDCAMDCAMDCBDCBDCCDCCDCCDCCDCCDCCDCCDCCDCCData Base Server/SystemDebian Build SystemDemand Based SwitchingDeutscher BildungsserverDirect Broadcast/Broadcasting Satellite/SystemDynamic BacktrackingDeutsches BücherverzeichnisDigital Broadcast VideoDatabase WriterDebugger for UNIXData Collection/Communication/Compression/ControlDesign ChangeDevice Context (Microsoft)Device/Domain ControlDirect Connect/CurrentDistributed ComputingDistribution CenterDomain ControllerDublin Core (Metadata Element Set)Duck + Cover (Slang)Data Center AdministrationDefense Communications Agency, USADigital Computer AssociationDistributed Communications ArchitectureDocument Content ArchitectureDistributed Console Access Facility (IBM)Data Communication Access MethodDigital CameraDirect Chip Attach ModuleData/Device Control BlockDisk Coprocessor Board (Novell)Data Communication ChannelData Country CodeDebian Core ConsortiumDCC Common Core (Alliance)Department Computer CoordinatorDifferential Chain CodeDigital Command ControlDigital Compact CassetteDigital Content Creation

211DCCDCCDCCDCCDCCADCCHDCCPDCCPDCCPDCCPDCCPDCCPDCCSDCDDCEDCEDCEDCEDCEDCFDCFDCFDCFDCFDCFDCFDCFDCFLDCFLDCIDCIDCLDCLDCLDCLDCLDCLDCLDCLZDCMDirect Cable/Client ConnectionDirect Client to ClientDisplay Combination CodeDistributed Checksum ClearinghouseDistributed Component Computing ArchitectureDedicated Control ChannelData Communications Control ProcedureDatagram Congestion Control ProtocolDigital Computer Control PanelDisplay Control Computer ProgramDublin Core Community ProfileDynamic Content Caching ProtocolDistributed Capability Computing SystemData Carrier DetectData Circuit/Communication EquipmentData Circuit-Termination EquipmentData Collection EngineDigital Communications ExperimentDistributed Computing Environment (OSF)Data Communication Facility (IBM)Data Compression FacilityData Count FieldDesign rule for Camera File systemsDisengage ConfirmationDistributed Coordination FunctionDocument Composition FacilityDriver Configuration FileDeterministic Context Free LanguageDirect Coupled FET LogicDigital Cinema InitiativesDisplay Control InterfaceData Center LinuxData Control Language (SQL)DEC Command LanguageDeclarationDevice ClearDigital Command Language (DEC)Disc Change LineData Compression Lempel ZivData Communication Method/Multiplexer

212ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDCMDCMDCMDCMEDCMIDCMLDCNADCOMDCOMDCOPDCPDCPDCPDCSDCSDCSDCSDCSDCSDCSDCSPDCTDCTDCTDCTDCTLDCTPDCUDCVDDDDDDDDDDADDADDADDADDADDADDADigital Content ManagementDistributed Computing ModelDual chip ModuleDigital Circuit Multiplication EquipmentDublin Core Metadata InitiativeDynamic Configuration Markup LanguageData Communications Network ArchitectureData Communication processorDistributed Component Object ModelDesktop Communications Protocol (KDE)Data Collecting PlatformDevice Control ProtocolDigital Cinema PackageData Collection/Control SystemDefined Context SetDesktop Colour SeparationDiagnostic Communication SystemDigital Cellular (Telecommunication) SystemDistributed Computing/Control SystemDynamic Channel SelectionDynamic Constraint Satisfaction ProblemDatabase Configuration ToolDigital Cellular TelephoneDigital Core TechnologyDiscrete Cosine Transform/TransformationDirect Coupled Transistor LogicDevelopmental Certification Test PlanData Cache UnitDestination Coded VehicleData Definition/DeliverableDebian DeveloperDigital Data/DisplayDouble DensityDeutsche Daten-AutobahnDigital Differential AnalyzerDistributed Data AccessDistributed Database ArchitectureDocument Description ArchitectureDomain Defined AttributeDRAM Development Alliance

213DDBDDBDDBDDBACDDBMSDDCDDCDDCDDCDDCDDCDDC1DDCMPDDCSDDDDDDBDDEDDEDDEDDEMLDDESDDFDDFADDHDDIDDIDDIDDIFDDKDDKDDLDDLDDMDDNDDNSDDOSDDPDDPDDPDDRDevice Dependent BitmapDevice Descriptor BlockDynamic Delayed BroadcastingData Design HBCI Banking Apllication ComponentsDistributed Data Base Management SystemDewey Decimal ClassificationDigital/Display Data ChannelDirect Digital ControlDistributed Data CouplingDual Die ChipDynamic Data CenterDisplay Data Channel OneDigital Data Communication Message Protocol (DEC)Distributed Database Connection Services (IBM)Direct Distance DialingDisplay Device Data BlockDirect Data EntryDistributed Debugging EnvironmentDynamic Data ExchangeDynamic Data Exchange Manager Library (Microsoft)Double Data Encryption StandardDynamic Data FormattingData Communications and Terminal Controller Device File AcDistributed Document HandlingDevice Driver InterfaceDigital Document InterchangeDirect Dial/Dialling InDigital Document Interchange FormatDevice Driver Kit (Microsoft)Driver Development KitData Definition/Description LanguageDisplay/Document Description LanguageDistributed Data Manager/ManagementDefense Data Network, USADynamic Domain Name SystemDistributed Denial Of ServiceDatagram Delivery ProtocolDebian Documentation ProjectDistributed Data ProcessingDouble Data Rate

214ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDDRDDSDDSDDSDDSDDSDDSDDSDDSDDSDDSDDSDDSDDTDDTADDVDDVDDVDDVTDDXDDXPDEDEDEDEDEDEDEADEADEADEARNDEBIDECDECDECDECNETDECTDECUSDEDDEEDynamic Document ReviewData Description SpecificationData Distribution ServiceDataphone Digital Service (AT&T)Delegation Discovery SystemDesign Data SheetDFN Directory ServicesDigital/Distributed Data Service/StorageDigital Direct SynthesisDirect Digital Service/SynthesisDirekte digitale (Frequenz-)SyntheseDisk Definition StructureDistributed Database ServicesDynamic Debugging ToolDigital Distributed Transaction ArchitectureDatendirektverbindungDES DES VerfahrenDialog Data ValidationDynamic Dispatch Virtual TablesDigital Data ExchangeDigital Data Exchange, Packet-switching NetworkDatenentstörungDebugging ExtensionsDevice EndDiscard EligibleDocument EngineeringDouble EndedData Encryption AlgorithmDeterministischer Endlicher AutomatDisposable Email AddressDeutsches EARNDirect Memory Access Extended Bus InterfaceDecrementDevice ClearDigital Equipment CorporationDigital Equipment Corporation Networking (protocol)Digital European Cordless TelecommunicationDEC Users SocietyDarkness Emitting DiodeDatenendeinheit/-einrichtung (= DTE)

215DEFDEFDEFDEFDEFOMADEGDEISADEKDEKDELDELDELTADELUGDEMDEMADEMADEMTSDENDENICDEOSDEPDEPPDERDERDESDESDESDESDESYDETDEVDEVDEVDEVODFDFDFDFADFBDFBIData Exchange FormatDefaultDestination Element FieldDesktop Functional EquivalentDebian Font ManagerDatenendgerätDistributed European Infrastructure for Supercomputing AppData Encryption KeyDateneingabekanalDecode Encode LanguageDeleteDeveloping European Learning Through Technology AdvanceDeutsche LINUX User GroupDigital Elevation ModelDecoupled Multiuser AcquisitionDifferential Electromagnetic AnalysisDigital and Electronic Maps Transfer StandardDirectory/Document Enabled Networking/NetworksDeutsches Network Information CenterDistributed External Object StoreData Execution Prevention/ProtectionDistributed Enhanced Programming PolicyDateneingaberegisterDistinguished Encoding RulesData Encryption StandardData Entry SheetDateneingabesteuerungDynamic Energy SaverDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, HamburgDevice Execute TriggerDevelopmentDeviceDevice Exclusion VectorDatenerfassungsverordnungData/Destination Field/FormDefaultDevice/Double FlagDeterministic Finite AutomatonDistributed Feedback (-Laser)Depth First Begin Index

216ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDFC Data Flow ControlDFCE Defense Control ElementDFD Datenanwendung für DritteDFD Datenflussdiagramm, Data Flow DiagramDFD Deutsches Fernerkundungs-DatenzentrumDFDR Digital Flight Data RecorderDFEI Depth First End IndexDFG Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftDFKI Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelligenz, KaisersDFM Design For ManufacturabilityDFN Deutsches Forschungsnetz e. V.DFP Decimal Floating PointDFP Digital Flat Panel (Port)DFR Double Frequency RecordingDFS Deniable File SystemDFS Depth First SearchDFS Distributed File Service/SystemDFS Dynamic Frequency SelectionDFSA Direct File System AccessDFSG Debian Free Software GuidelinesDFSMS Data Facility Storage Management SubsystemDFT Design For TestabilityDFT Diagnostic Function TestDFT Discrete Fourier Transform/TransformationDFT Distributed Function TerminalDFT Drive Fitness TestDFU Data File UtilityDFU Device Firmware UpdateDFUE DatenfernübertragungDFV DatenfernverarbeitungDFZ Default-free ZoneDG Data GroupDG DatagramDGA Direct Graphics Access/ArchitectureDGC Distributed Garbage CollectionDGI Deutsche Grid-InititativeDGIF Delta GIFDGIS Direct Graphics Interface StandardDGL Device-independent Graphics Library (HP)DGN Deutsche Gesellschaft für Netzdienste

217DGPSDGSDGTDHDHDHCPDHDTVDHISDHLDHRVVFDHSDHSDDHTDHTMLDIDIDIDIADIADIADIADIACDIADDIASDIBDIBDIBDIBDIBOLDICOMDICOMDIDDIDDIDDIDACDIDLDIDSDIDSDIFDIFSDifferential Global Positioning SystemDynamische Geometrie-SoftwareDirection Generale des TelecommunicationsDiffie-Hellman (Key Exchange)Digital HomeDynamic Host Configuration Protocol (Internet)Digital High Definition TelevisionDynamic Host Information SystemDynamic Head LoadingDucking, Hiding and Running Very Very Fast (Slang)Department of Homeland/Hopeless Security, USADuplex High Speed DataDistributed Hash TableDynamic Hypertext Markup LanguageData InDecoder IdentificationDestination IndexDefence Intelligence AgencyDeutsche Informatik AkademieDisplay Industry AssociationDocument Interchange Architecture (IBM)Dedicated Inquiry Access CodeDelivery Information Acquisition DeviceDigital Information Archiving SystemData Information BaseDevice Independent BitmapDirectory Information BaseDual Independent BusDEC Business Oriented LanguageDigital Image/Imagery/Imaging (and) Communication/CommuDigital Imaging and Communications in MedicineDigital Image DesignDigital Information DisplayDirect Inward DiallingDigital Data Acquisition + ControlDigital Item Declaration LanguageDefense Integrated Data SystemDistributed Intrusion Detection SystemData/Directory Interchange FormatDistributed/DCF Inter Frame Space

218ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDIG Digital Imposition GeometryDIGI Deutsche Interessengemeinschaft Internet e. V.DII Dynamic Invocation InterfaceDIIP Direct Interrupt Identification PortDIL Dual In LineDILA Direct-Drive Image Light Amplifier (D-ILA)DILLIGAS Do I Look Like I Give A Shit (Slang)DIM Data Interpretation ModuleDIMDI Deutsches Institut für Medizinische Information und DokumentatDIME Direct Internet Message EncapsulationDIMM Dual Inline Memory ModuleDIN Deutsche Initiative für NetzwerkinformationDIN Deutsches Institut für Normung, BerlinDIN Do It Now (Slang)DINI Deutsche Inititative für NetzwerkinformationDIO Data Input and OutputDIP Dialup Internet ProtocolDIP Digital/Document Image ProcessingDIP Dissemination Information PackageDIP Dual Inline Package/PinDIPS Dual Domain In Plane SwitchingDIR DirectoryDIRC Digital Inter Relay CommunicationDIS Data Item SpecificationDIS Digital Immune System (Symantec)DIS Directory/Distributed Information SystemDIS Distributed Interactive SimulationDIS Draft International Standard (ISO)DIS Dynamic Impedance StabilizationDISA Data Interchange Standards AssociationDISA Defense Information Systems Agency, USADISA Direct Inward System AccessDISC Disconnect (frame)DISCO Digital Secure Communication (Bosch/Ascom)DISCSI Differential SCSIDISEQC Digital Satellite Equipment ControlDISN Defense Information Systems NetworkDISOSS Distributed Office Support System (IBM)DISP Directory Information Shadow ProtocolDISP Displacement

219DISTDITDITDITODITODITRDIUDIVDIVDIVDIVADIVEDIVODIVXDIWDIWSCSIDIXDIYDJDEDJMDKEDKEDKGDKIDKIMDKMSDKOMDKRZDKUUGDKZDLDL/1DLBDLCDLCDLCDLCDLCDLCIDLCXDigital Image Scaling TechnologyDepth of Inheritance TreeDirectory Information TreeDit Is Totale Onzin (Slang)DoD IPv6 Transition OfficeDeutsches Informationszentrum für Technische RegelnData Interface UnitData In Virtual (Facility)Digitale VermittlungsstelleDivideDigitales Videoarchiv, KarlsruheDirect Interface Video ExtensionDigitale Vermittlungsstelle OrtsnetzDigital Video ExpressD-Inside WireDifferential Wide SCSI (16 Bit)Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel, Xerox (Ethernet)Do It Yourself (Slang)Dynamic Job Descriptor EntryDistributed Job ManagerDeutsche Kommission Elektrotechnik Elektronik InformationDeutscher Kleinempfänger (Goebbelsharfe)Digitales KartengerätDevice Kernel InterfaceDomain Keys Identified MailDynamic Kernel Module Support (Linux)Direct Kernel Object ManipulationDeutsches Klima-Rechenzentrum, HamburgDanish UNIX Users’ GroupDatenkonzentratorDownloadData Manipulation Language 1 (IBM)Dynamic Load BalancingData Link Control (IBM)Digital Learning Center (Kodak)Digital Loop CarrierDistributed Loop CarrierDown Line ControlData Link Connection IdentifierData Link Control Exchange

220ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDLDDLEDLFDLGIDLHPDLIDLLDLLDLLDLLPDLMDLMDLMDLNADLODLOCDLPDLPDLPIDLRDLRDLRDLSDLSDLSDLSDLSGDLSWDLTDLTMDMDMDMDMDMDMDMDMDMADMADetailed Level DesignData Link EscapeDeutschlandfunkDienstleistungsgesellschaft für InformatikDeutsches Linux HowTo ProjektDigital Libraries InitiativeData Link LayerDelay/Digitally Locked LoopDynamic Link LibraryData Link Layer ProtocolDistributed LAN MonitoringDistributed Lock ManagerDynamic Link ModuleDigital Living Network AllianceDocument-Like ObjectDelta Lines Of CodeData Load PartitionDigital Light ProcessingData Link Provider InterfaceDependent LU RequesterDesign Layout RecordDOS LAN RequesterData Link SwitchingDependent LU ServerDistributed Load SharingDownloadable SoundsDeutsche Lehrsoftware GemeinschaftData Link SwitchingDigital Linear TapeDon’t Lie To Me (Slang)Data Mark/Mining/ModeDelta ModulationDense ModeDevice Management/MapperDialogue Management (System)Direct Manipulation (of text)Disconnect/Disconnected ModeDistributed Memory/MonitorDirect Memory Access/AddressingDocument Management Alliance

221DMACDMANDMAPIDMBDMBDMCDMCDMCDMCADMDDMDDMDDMDDMEDMEDMEDMEDMFDMFDMGDMIDMIDMIDMIDMIDMIDMIDMIDMIDMIDMIDMIDMIDMIDMIDMIDMLDMLDMLDMLTDirect Memory Access ControllerDifferential Manchester (Coding)Data Management Application Program InterfaceDigital Multimedia Broadcast/BroadcastingDomain Master BrowserDigital Media CenterDirect Memory ControllerDistributed Management ChainDigital Millenium Copyright ActDevice Manager DriverDigital Micromirror DeviceDirect Manipulation DeviceDirectory Management DomainDigitaler MeldeempfängerDirect Memory ExecutionDistance Measuring EquipmentDistributed Management Environment (OSF)Direct Manual FocusDistribution Media FormatDistress Message GeneratorData Management and InteroperabilityData Memory InterfaceDatabase Management InterfaceDefinition of Management InformationDesign Manufacturing InterfaceDesktop Management InterfaceDeutsche MittelstandsinformatikDigital Media InfrastructureDigital Multiplexed InterfaceDigital Music InitiativeDiploma in Medical InformaticsDipole Mode IndexDirect Manipulation InterfaceDistributed Management InterfaceDistributed Medical IntelligenceDynamic Method InvocationData Manipulation LanguageDialog Markup LanguageDistributed Mode LoudspeakerDistributed Multi Link Trunking

222ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDMMDMMPDMMSDMMVDMODMOSDMOZDMPDMPDMPCDMPMDMPPDMQSDMRDMSDMSDMSDMSDDMSDKDMSPDMSSDMSVDMTDMTDMTFDMUDMUPDMUXDMYDMZDNDNDNADNADNADNADNBDNCDNCPDNCRIDigital MultimeterDistributed Memory, Message ProcessingDynamic Memory Management SystemDeutscher Multimedia VerbandDirectory Management OrganizationDouble-diffused Metal-Oxide SemiconductorDirectory MozillaDesignated Mailers ProtocolDot Matrix PrinterDistributed Memory Parallel ComputerDigital Monitor Power ManagementDistributed Memory Parallel ProcessorDisplay Mode Query and Set (IBM)Dual Modular RedundancyData/Design/Desktop/Document Management Software/SystemDeadline Monotonic SchedulingDigital Management SolutionsDigital Multi-Standard DecodingDigital Media Software Development KitDistributed Mail System ProtocolDistributed Mass Storage SystemDistributed Memory, Shared VariablesDiscrete Monitor Timing (VESA)Discrete Multitone (Modulation)Desktop/Distributed Management Task ForceDigital Mock-upDebian Machine Use PoliciesDemultiplexerDay Month Year (Datumsangabe)De-Militarised Zone (Firewall)Distinguished NameDownDigital Network Architecture (DEC)Direct Note AccessDistributed Network ArchitectureDocument Enabled NetworkDeutsche NationalbibliographieDirect/Distributed Numerical ControlDecnet Phase IV Control ProtocolDivision of Networking and Communications Research and Infrast

223DNDDNDODNEDNFDNGDNGDNHRDNIDNIDNICDNIEDNISDNKZDNLDNLCDNMDNMSDNPGDNRCDNSDNSDNSBDNSBLDNSODNSSECDNUGDODOADOAGDOAJDOARDOCDOCPDOCSDOCSISDOCSVDOCTDODDODDODDo Not DisturbDo Not Disturb OverrideDeterministic Network Enhancer (VPN)Disjunktive NormalformDatennetzabschlussgerätDigital NegativeDynamic Non-Hierarchical RoutingDesktop Network InterfaceDirect Neural InterfaceData Network Identification CodeDigital Natural Image EngineDialed Number Identification ServiceDatennetz-Kontrollzentrum (DBP)Dynamic Noise LimiterDirectory Name Lookup CacheDatennetzabschlussmodulDatennetz-Management-SoftwareDigital Networks Product GroupDomain Name Rights CoalitionDirect Numerical SimulationDomain Name Server/Service/Scheme/System (Internet)Daten-Netz-Signalisierung Typ BDNS Based BlacklistDomain Name Supporting OrganizationDomain Name System with Security ExtensionsDeutsche Notes User GroupData Out, Distributed ObjectDead On ArrivalDeutsche Oracle-Anwender-GruppeDirectory of Open Access JournalsDirectory of Open Access RepositoriesDistributed Object ComputingDAE Optimal Control ProblemDesignation of Other Coding SystemData Over Cable Service Interface SpecificationData Over Circuit Switched VoiceDistributed Object Computation TestbedDepartment of Defence (Defense), USADigital Optical DiscDollars On Demand

224ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDODDODDODCIDOEDOEDOIDOIDOIPDOKDOLDOLAPDOMDOMDOMFDOORSDOPDOQDORDOSDOSDOSDOSEMDOSSDOTDOTDOVDOVEDOWDOWDPDPDPDPDPDPDPADPADPADPAMDPARDrink Or DieDrop On DemandDepartment Of Defense Computer InstituteDepartment Of Energy, USADistributed Objects Environment/EverywhereDigital Object IdentifierDomain Of InterpretationDial Other Internet ProvidersDistrikts- und Ortsverbands-Kenner (des DARC)Direct Object LinkingDesktop OLAPDocument Object Model/ModulDocument Output ManagementDistributed Object Management Facility (Sun)Distributed Object Oriented Reliable ServiceDirectory Operational Binding Management ProtocolDigital Orthophoto QuadrangleDigital Optical RecordingDenial Of ServiceDisk Operating SystemDistributed Operating SystemDOS Emulator/EmulationDedicated Office Systems and ServicesDocument TemplateDocuments to Think with (GMD)Data Over VoiceDigital Orbiting Voice EncoderDay Of WeekDirect OverwriteData ProcessingDial PulseDigital Person/Persona/PhotographyDistributed Printing/ProcessorDot PitchDraft Proposed Standard (ISO)Demand Protocol ArchitectureDifferential Power AnalysisDocument Printing Application/ArchitectureDemand Priority Access MethodData Parallel Abstraction

225DPARENDPBDPBODPCDPCDPCDPCMDPCTDPDDPDDPDADPDSDPFDPGDPIDPIDPIDPLDPLDPLDPMDPMDPMADPMADPMIDPMSDPMSDPMSDPODPODPOFDPPDPRDPRDPSDPSDPSDPSIDPSIDPSIData Parity Enable (IBM)Drive Parameter BlockDownstream Power Back OffDeferred Procedure CallDirect Program ControlDisplay ControllerDifferential Puls Code ModulationData Processing Control Transmittal CardDead Peer DetectionDeep Power Down (modus)Deterministic Push Down AutomatonData Processing Distributed SystemsDiscrete Packet FormatDedicated Packet GroupDeep Packet InspectionDistributed Protocol Interfacedots per inchDebian Project LeaderDescriptor Privilege LevelDistributed Program LinkDigital Panel MeterDisplay Power ManagementData Processing Management Association, USADeutsches Patent- und Markenamt, MünchenDOS Protected Mode Interface (Microsoft)Digital/Display Power Management Signaling/Software/SuppoDisplay Power Management Signaling (Standard) (VESA)DOS Protected Mode ServiceDial Pulse OriginatingData Phase OptimizationDigital/Direct Print Order FormatDemand Priority ProtocolDistributed Pasword RecoveryDynamic Physical RenderingDigital Print SystemDisplay PostscriptDocument Processing SystemDirection, Planification et Strategie InformatiqueDots Per Square InchDual Power Servo Interface

226ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDPSKDPTDPTDPUDQCBDQDBDQFDQLDQLDQLDQLDQODQPSKDRDRDRDRDRDRDRDRADRAMDRAWDRBDRBDDRCDRCMFDRCSDRDADRDADRDRAMDRDWDREDREDRIDRIDRIDRIDRIDRLDifferential Phase Shift KeyingData Processing TerminalDrive Parameter TableData Parallel UnitDistributed Queue Control BusDistributed Queue Double/Dual BusDriver Qualification FileData/Database/DataEase Query LanguageDAML Query LanguageDICOM Query LabelDomain Qualifier List/ListsData Quality ObjectiveDifferential Quadrature Phase Shift KeyingData ReceivedDesignated RouterDigital ResearchDirect or ReverseDisaster RecoveryDocument RequestDynamic ReconfigurationDeutsches Rundfunk-ArchivDynamic Random Access MemoryDirect Read After WriteDRAM Row BoundaryDistributed Replicated Block DeviceDynamic Range CompressionDigital Reality Creation Multi Function (Sony)Dynamically Redefinable Character SetDistributed Relational Database Architecture (IBM)Distributed Remote Database AccessDirect Rambus Dynamic RAMDirect Read During WriteDirect Recording Electronic (Device)Distributed Real-time and Embedded (systems)Declarative Referential IntegrityDefense Research InternetDigital Research IncorporatedDirect Rendering InfrastructureDynamic Range IncreaseDynamically Reconfigurable Logic

227DRM Digital Radio Mondiale (Modulation)DRM Digital Restrictions/Rights ManagementDRM Direct Rendering ManagerDRM Distributed Resource ManagementDRM Dual Retention MechanismDRMS Data Record Management SystemDRO Data Request OutputDRO Destructive Read OutDRP DEC’s Routing ProtocolDRP Disaster Recovery PlanDRP Distributed Reservation ProtocolDRQ Disengage RequestDRQ DMA RequestDRR Dynamic Rate RepartitioningDRS Data Relay SatelliteDRS Document Registration SystemDRS Domino Runtime ServicesDRS Driver ResourceDRS DruckstationDRTS Data Relay + Tracking SystemDRTS Distributed Revision Tracking SystemDRV Drive (Laufwerk)DRY Don’t Repeat YourselfDS Data Segment/Send/Server/StrobeDS Differentiated ServiceDS Digit SelectDS Directory ServicesDS Distributed Services (OSF)DS Distribution Service (Cable TV)DS Distribution System (WLAN)DS Double SidedDS Drive SelectDS02 ISDN-Festverbindung 128 kbit/sDS3 Digital Signal Level 3DSA Data Service AdapterDSA Data/Digital Signature/Standard/Storage Architecture/AlgoritDSA Debian Security AdvisoryDSA Digital Signature AlgorithmDSA Directory System Agent (X.500)DSAB Distributed Systems Architecture Board

228ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDSAFDSAPDSAPDSASDSBDSBDSCDSCDSCDSCDSCHDSCPDSCSDSDDSDCDSDCDSDDDSDTDSDTDSEDSEDSEDSEDSEADSECTDSEEDSGDSHDSHDSHDDSIDSIDSIDSIGDSIMMDSISDSKDSLDSLDSLDestination Subarea Address FieldData Self Auditing ProgramDestination Service Access PointData Sharing Architecture SystemDatenschutzbeauftragterDouble Side BandDigital Selective Call/CallingDirect Satellite CommunicationsDirect Space ControlDocument Structuring Comments/Conventions (Postscript)Downlink Shared ChannelDifferentiated Services Code PointDefense Satellite Communications System, USADirect Stream DigitalData Segment Descriptor CacheDual Socket Direct ConnectDouble Sided Double Density (Floppy)Data Set Definition TableDifferentiated System Description TableData Storage EquipmentData Switching ExchangeDistributed System EnvironmentDSA Specific EntryDisplay Station Emulation AdapterData/Dummy Control SectionDomain Software Engineering Environment (HP)Digital Signal GeneratorDesparately Seeking Help (Slang)Dotnet Scripting HostDouble Sided High Density (Floppy)Detailed Spectrum InvestigationDigital Sspeech InterpolationDynamic Systems Initiative (Microsoft)Digital SignatureDual RAS SIMMDistributed Support Information StandardDatenschutzkommissionDamn Small LinuxDialogue Scripting Language (OSF)Digital Subscriber Line

229DSLDSLACDSLAMDSLBDSMDSMDSMDSMDSMADSMITDSMLDSMLTDSMXDSNDSNDSNDSNDSNDSNDSODSODSOMDSOMDSPDSPDSPDSPDSPDSPLDSPTDSPUDSQDSQDSQDDSRDSRDSRDSRDSRDSRCDynamic Simulation LanguageDSL Access ConcentratorDigital Subscriber Line Access MultiplexerDigital Subscriber Line BoardDaten-Signal-MultiplexsystemDemand Side ManagementDistributed Shared MemoryDomain Specific ModellingDigital Sense Multiple AccessDistributed SMIT (IBM)Directory Services Markup LanguageDistributed Split Multi Link TrunkingDigitaler SignalmultiplexerData Source NameDeep Space NetworkDefense Switched NetworkDelivery Status NotificationDigital Switching NetworkDistributed Sensor NetworksDigital Sampling OscilloscopeDynamic Shared ObjectDistributed System Object ModelDistributed Systems Operations and ManagementDelivery Service PartnerDigital Signal/Sound Processing/ProcessorDirectory Synchronization/System ProtocolDisplay Support/Systems ProtocolDomain Specific PartDatensichtplatzDisplay Station Pass ThruDownstream Physical UnitDigital SquelchDouble Square (Coding)Double Sided Quad Density (Floppy)Data Set ReadyDevice Status Register/ReportDigitales Satelliten-RadioDocument Search and RetrievalDynamic Source RoutingDedicated Short Range Communication

230ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDSRI Deutsche Stiftung für Recht und InformatikDSS Data Security StandardDSS Data Storage Segment/ServerDSS Decision Support SystemDSS Digital Satellite SystemDSS Digital Signature Standard/SystemDSS Digital Spread SpectrumDSS Digital Subscriber SignallingDSS Digitized Sky SurveyDSS Direct Station SelectorDSS Directory and Security ServicesDSS Distributed Security ServiceDSS1 Digital Signalling System No. 1DSSA Domain Specific Software ArchitectureDSSI Digital Standard Systems Interconnect (DEC)DSSI Digital Storage Systems InterconnectDSSS Direct Sequence/Sequencing Spread SpectrumDSSSL Document Style Semantics and Specification LanguageDST DatenstationDST Daylight Saving TimeDST Depleted Substrate TransistorDST Direct Stream TransferDST Dispersive Signal TechnologyDSTN Double Super Twisted Nematic Field Effective MaterialDSU Data/Digital Service/Switching UnitDSUWG Data Systems Users’ Working GroupDSVD Digital Simultaneous Voice and DataDSW Data/Device Status WordDSX Digital Signals Cross-ConnectDT Data Track/Translation/Transmission/Transmit/TypeDT Date + TimeDT Deep Trench (bipolar junction transistor)DT Definition TermDT Delay TimeDT DesktopDT Deutsche TelekomDT Diagnostic TestDT Dial ToneDT Digital/Direct TelevisionDT Digital Termination

231DTDTDTDTDTDTADTADTADTADTABDTAGDTCDTCDTCDTCDTCPDTDDTDSDTEDTEDTFDTFDTFSDTIMDTKDTKDTKDTLDTLDTLDTLADTLBDTLSDTLSDTLSDTMDTMDTMFDTMFDTMLDirectional TransmissionDisplay TerminalDistributed (graphical user interface) ToolkitDouble TaggingDowntimeDatenträger-AustauschDiagnosetestablaufDirect Tape AccessDisk Tranfer AreaDemountable Tape Automated BondingDeutsche Telekom AGData Communications and Terminal ControllerDesktop Communication/ConferencingDistributed TCP CachingDistributed Transaction CoordinatorDigital Transmission Content/Copy ProtectionDocument Type DefinitionDisaster Tolerant Disk SystemData Terminal/Terminating EquipmentDumb Terminal EmulatorDigital Tape Format (Sony)Distributed Test FacilityDesktop File SystemDelivery Traffic Indication Map/MessageDeception ToolkitDesired TrackDeveloper Transition KitDesignated Transit ListDialogue Tag LanguageDiode Transistor LogicDynamic Transmit Level AdjustmentDual Translation Lookaside BufferDatagram Transport Layer SecurityDescriptive Top Level SpecificationDistributed Teaching, Learning, and ServicesDeterministic Turing MachineDigital Terrain MappingData/Dual Tone Multiple FrequencyDesktop Management Task ForceDocument Template Markup Language

232ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDTNDTNDTNDTNDTNDTOSDTPDTPDTPSDTRDTRDTRDTRDTSDTSDTSDTSDTSDTSDTSSDTSSDTTBDTVDTVDTVCDTXDUDUADUATDUCWICDUeDUeEDUGDUKATHDULDUNDUNCEDUNDIDUNDISDUSData Transmission NetworkDelay/Disruption Tolerant Network/NetworkingDigital Telephone NetworkDuplex, Tray, Network (printer)Dutch Telecom NetherlandsDistributed Trusted Operating SystemDesktop PublishingDistributed Transaction Process/ProcessingDialer Token PairsData Terminal ReadyData Transfer RateDedicated Token RingDigital TrunkDecode Time StampDigital Termination/Transceiving SystemDigital Theatre Sound/SystemDirect To SOMDistributed Time Server/ServiceDistributed Traffic Shaping (Cisco)Dartmouth Time Sharing SystemDigital Time Synchronization ServiceDigital Terrestrial TV BroadcastingDesktop VideoDigital TelevisionDesktop Video ConferencingDiscontinuous TransmissionDisk UsageDirectory User Agent (X.500)Direct User Access TerminalDo You See What I See (Slang)DatenübertragungDatenübertragungseinheit/-einrichtungDiscretionary User GroupDrahtlose Universität Karlsruhe (TH)Dial-up User ListDial-up Networking (Profile)Dial-up Network Connection EnhancementDistributed Universal Number DiscoveryDirection of United Nations Databases and Information SystemsDatenübertragungssystem

233DUSTDUSTDUTDUVDVDVDVDVDVADVADVBDVBHDVBTDVCDVCDVCDVCRDVCSDVDDVDDVDDVD-RDVD-RWDVD-RAMDVED-VHSDVIDVIDVIDVLDVMDVMRPDVODVOFDVRDVSTDVVDWDWDWDMDatenübertragungssteuerungDatenumsetzerstelleDevice Under TestData Under VoiceDatenverarbeitungDelivery Verification (certificate)Digital VideoDistance VectorDatenverarbeitungsanlageDistance Vector AlgorithmDigital Video Broadcast/BroadcastingDigital Video Broadcast/Broadcasting HandheldDigital Video Broadcast/Broadcasting TerrestrialDesktop Video ConferencingDigital Vibrance ControlDigital Video Camera/CassetteDigital Video Cassette RecordingDistributed Version Control SystemDackel Vom DienstDeutsche Vereinigung für DatenschutzDigital Versatile/Video DiscDigital Versatile Disk Read Only MemoryDigital Versatile Disk Re-WritableDigital Versatile Disk Random Access MemoryDigital Video EffectsData VHSDeutsches Video InstitutDevice IndependentDigital Video/Visual Interactive/Interface/InterleavedDigital Video LinkDigital VoltmeterDistance Vector Multicast Routing ProtocolDynamic Variable Ordering (Heuristic)Digital Video Over FibreDigital Video/Voice RecorderDatenvermittlungsstelleDatenverarbeitungsverantwortlicherData Warehouse/WarehousingDual WatchDense Wavelength Division Multiplexer/Multiplexing

234ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIDWF Drawing Web FormatDWG Drawing (AutoCAD)DWIM Do What I Mean (Slang)DWISNWID Do What I Say Not What I Do (Slang)DWM Diskless Workstation ManagementDWMT Discrete Wavelet Multi ToneDWN Debian Weekly NewsDWS Digitaler WahlstiftDWT Directory WatchDWT Discrete Wavelet Transform/TransformationDWTT Distribution Wide Tracker ToolDX Directory ExchangeDX Weitverkehr, Distance (Funk)DXA Directory Exchange AgentDXB Digital Extended BroadcastingDXB Drawing Exchange BinaryDXC Data Exchange ControlDXC Digital Cross ConnectDXF Data/Drawing Exchange/Interchange File/FormatDXF Data Transfer FileDXG DatexnetzabschlussgerätDXI Data Exchange InterfaceDYHWIH Do You Hear What I Hear (Slang)DYMO Dynamic MANET On-Demand (Routing)DYNSLT Dynamic SelectDYNSRC Dynamic SourceDZUG Deutsche Zope Users GroupEE2EGE2UEAEAEAEAEAEACEACEACElectronic, End, Enhanced, European, ExtendedEar To Ear Grin (Slang)E.164 To URIEffective AddressEingabe/Ausgabe, E/AEmulsion AggregationExtended Address/AttributeExternal AddressElection Assistance Commission, USAEuropean Activities CommitteeExact Audio Copy

235EACEACEMEADEADEAIEAIMEALEAMEANEANEANEANCOMEANTCEAPEAPOEEAPOLEAPSEAREAREAREAREARBAEARNEAROMEARSEARSEARSEASEASEASEASAEASCEASKTEATAEAWREAXEAZEBASICEBCEBCExtended Access ControlEuropean Association of Consumer Electronics ManufacturersEncoded Archival Description (Format)Ethernet-AnschlussdoseEnterprise Application IntegrationEuropean Alliance for Information ManagementEvaluation Assurance LevelElectronic Accounting MachineryEuropean Advanced Networking (Protocol)European Article NumberExtragalactic Area NetworkEDIFACT-Subset KonsumwirtschaftEuropean Advanced Networking Test CenterExtensible Authentication ProtocolExtensible Authentication Protocol Over EthernetExtensible Authentication Protocol Over LANEthernet Automatic Protection SwitchingEavesdrop And RegisterElektro-Altgeräte RegisterEnterprise ArchiveExternal Access RegisterEnhanced Adaptive Rate Based AlgorithmEuropean Academic Research NetworkElectrically Alterable Read Only MemoryElectronic Access to Reference ServicesElectronic Authoring and Routing SystemExplicit Archive and Retrieval SystemElectronic Authorization SystemEnterprise Agreement SubscriptionExtended Area ServiceEuropean Academic Software AwardEuro-Asian Council for Standardization, Metrology and CertifiEinzelanschluss-KonzentratorEnhanced AT Bus AttachmentEingabeauswahlknotenregisterEnvironmental Audio ExtensionsEndgeräteauswahlziffer (ISDN)Extended BASICEFI Byte CodeEISA Bus Controller

236ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIEBCDICEBCOTEBCTEBDEBIEBLEBMEBNFEBONEEBPEBPEBPEBPNNEBPPEBREBREBSEBTEBTFEBUEBVEBXEBXMECECECECECECECECECECAECADECALECASECATECBECBECBSExtended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (IBM)Embedded Block Coding with Optimized TruncationElectron Beam Computed TomographyEmergency Boot DiskEquivalent/Extended Background Input/InvestigationElectronic Bearing LineElectronic Bearing MarkerErweiterte (Extended) Backus-Naur-FormEuropean BackboneElectronic Bill PresentmetElektronisches BriefpapierExtended Base PointerError Back Propagation Neural NetworkElectric Bill Presentment and PaymentExcessive Burst RateExtended Boot RecordEvent Based SamplingElectronic Benefits TransferEuropean Banking Technology FairEuropean Broadcasting UnionElektronische BildverarbeitungElectronic Book ExchangeElectronic Business XMLEcho CancellationEducational ComputerElectronic Cash/CommerceEnd ChainError ControlEuropean CommunityEvolutionary ComputingExchange CarrierExecutive CommiteeEvent, Condition, ActionElectronic Computer Aided DesignEnjoy Computing And LearnExchange Card Architecture SpecificationElectronic Card Assembly and TestElectronic Code BookEvent Control BlockEuropean Committee for Banking Standards

237ECCECCECCECCECCCECCNECCOSECDECDECDHECDLECDLPECDSAECDTECEFECFECGECHOECIECIECINECISECLECLECLFECMECMECMECMECMECMAECNECNECNEECOECODUECOMECOMECOMECOMAElliptic Curve Cryptosystem/CryptographyEnter Cable ChangeError Check/Correction Circuit/CodeError Checking and CorrectingElectronic Colloquium on Computational ComplexityExport Control Classification NumberElectronic Card Catalog + Ordering SystemEnhanced Colour DisplayEnhanced Compact DiscElliptic Curve Diffie HellmanEuropean Computer Driving LicenseElliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm ProblemElliptic Curve Digital Signature AlgorithmEmbedded Controller Boot Resources (Description) TableEarth-centered Earth-fixedEnhanced Connectivity FacilityElectronic Content GuideEuropean Community Host OrganisationEuropäisches Computer Informationszentrum, BonnExternal Call InterfaceElectronic Commerce Info NetEuropean Committee for Interoperable SystemsEmitter Coupled LogicExecution Control ListExtended Log File FormatElectronic Control ModuleEnhanced Coprocessor MountEnterprise Content ManagementEntity Connection/Coordination ManagementError Correcting/Correction ModeEuropean Computer Manufacturers AssociationElectronic Communications NetworkExplicit Congestion NotificationEnterprise Certified NetWare Engineer (Novell)Electron Coupled Oscillator, Electronic Commerce ForumEuropean Control Data Users GroupElectronic CommerceElectronic Computer Originated MailEmergency/Exterior CommunicationsEuropean Computer Measurement Association

238ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIECOOPECPECPECPAECRECRCECRITECSECSECSECSECSECSDECSIECSSECTFECTLECUEDEDEDED2KEDAEDAEDAEDAEDABEDACEDAPEDBEDCEDCEDCEDCEDCAEDCFEDDEDDCEDEEDFEuropean Conference on Object Oriented ProgrammingEnhanced/Extended Capabilities Port (Microsoft)Excessive Cross-PostingElectronic Communications Privacy ActEfficient Consumer ResponseEuropean Computer Industry Research CentreEmergency Context Resolution with Internet TechnologiesEmbedded Computing SystemEncryption Control SignalEnhanced Chip SetEuropean Common StandardEuropean Communications SatelliteEnhanced Circuit Switched DataEuropean Custom Systems IntegrationExalted Carrier Single SidebandEnterprise Computer Telephony ForumElectronic Communal Temporal LobeEISA Configuration UtilityEdge DeviceEnd DelimiterErase DisplayEDonkey2000Electronic Design AutomationEmbedded Document ArchitectureEvent Driven ArchitectureExplorative DatenanalyseExtended Digital Audio BroadcastingError Detection And CorrectionExtraordinary Data Availability and ProtectionEmbedded Data BaseElectronic Digital ComputerEnhanced Data CorrectionError Detection and CorrectionError Detection CodeEnhanced Distributed Channel AccessEnhanced Distributed Coordination FunctionEnhanced Disk DriveExtended Distance Data CableEncrypt Decrypt EncryptEarliest Deadline First

239EDFA Erbium Doped Fiber AmplifierEDG Electronic/Email Discussion GroupsEDG Environmental Data GatheringEDG Environmental Database GatewayEDG EOS Data GatewayEDG European Data GridEDGAR Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and RetrievalEDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM EvolutionEDGE Explicit Data Graph ExecutionEDI Electronic Data/Document InterchangeEDIBDB EDIFACT-Subset BaumärkteEDID Extended Display Identification DataEDIFACT Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce anEDIFICE EDIFACT-Subset ElektroindustrieEDIFURN EDIFACT-Subset MöbelindustrieEDIOFFICEEDIFACT-Subset BürobedarfEDITEX EDIFACT-Subset TextilindustrieEDL Edit Decision ListEDL Encapsulator/Enterprise Definition/Description LanguageEDLC Ethernet Data Link ControlEDM Engineering Data ManagementEDMS Electronic Document Management SystemEDMS Enterprise Desktop Management ServicesEDO Enhanced/Extended Data Out/Output (DRAM)EDOC Electronic DocumentEDOC Enterprise Distributed Object ComputingEDP Electronic Data ProcessingEDP Enhanced Dot PitchEDPM Electronic Data Processing MachineEDPS Electronic/Enhanced Data Processing SystemEDR Enhanced Data RateEDR External Developer RelaeaseEDRAM Enhanced Dynamic Random Access MemoryEDS Electronic DIP SwitchEDS Elektronisches DatenvermittlungssystemEDS Experimental Distributed SystemEDSAC Electronic Delay Storage Automatic CalculatorEDSI Enhanced Small Device InterfaceEDSL Ethernet Digital Subscriber LineEDSRA Earth Data System Reference Application

240ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIEEEPROM Emulated Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only MemoryEDSS European Digital Subscriber SystemEDTV Enhanced/Extended Definition TelevisionEDU educational; Internet-Domain: Universitäten in USAEDV Elektronische/Experimentelle Daten-VerarbeitungEDVA Erbium doped Fiber AmplifierEDVAC Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic ComputerEE Electronic/Extended EditionEE EndeinrichtungEEC Extended Error CorrectionEEDID Enhanced Extended Display Identification DataEEE Energy Efficient EthernetEEFL External Electrode Fluorescent LampEEHLLAPI Entry Emulator HLLAPIEEHO Either End Hop OffEEL Epsilon Extension LanguageEEM Extended Memory ManagementEEMA European Electronic Messaging AssociationEEMAC Electrical + Electronic Manufacturers of CanadaEEMS Enhanced Expanded Memory Specification/SupportEEP Equal Error ProtectionEEPAL Electrically Erasable Programmable Array LogicEEPI Electronic Entertainment Policy InititativeEEPLD Electrically Erasable Programmable Logic DeviceEEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only MemoryEES Escrowed Encryption StandardEESA Enterprise Extensions SMART AccessedEF Externer FehlerEFA Extended File AttributeEFAC Extended File Access ControlEFCI Explicit Forward Congestion IdentificationEFF Electronic Frontier FoundationEFI Electromechanical Frequency InterferenceEFI Electronics For ImagingEFI Extensible Firmware InterfaceEFIP European Federation of Interconnection and PackagingEFISC Enhanced Fast Instruction Set ComputerEFL Emitter Follower LogicEFLA Extended Four Letter AcronymEFM Eight-by/to-Fourteen Modulation

241EFREFRCEFSEFSEFSEFTEFTEFTPEFTSEFUeEGEGEGAEGCEGDEGEEEGGEGKEGLEGLEGNEGNOSEGPEGPCSEGPEEGPRSEGWEHCIEHFEHKPEHLLAPIEHREHSEHSAEIAEIAJEIBEIBAEIBIEMEICAREnhanced Full RateEnhanced Full Rate CODECElectronic Filing SystemEnhanced/Encrypted/Encrypting/Enterprise/Episode/Extent FExtended File (Name) ServerElectronic Funds TransferEuro File TransferEasy File Transfer ProtocolElectronic Funds Transfer SystemEmissionsdaten-FernübertragungEvil Grin (Slang)Exterior GatewayEnhanced Graphics Adaptor/Array(Inmarsat) Enhanced Group CallEntropy Gathering DaemonEnabling Grids for E-Science in EuropeGesetz zum Elektronischen GeschäftsverkehrElektronische Gesundheitskarte (eGK)Embedded-Systems Graphics LibraryEnterprise Generation LanguageEinzelgebührennachweisEuropean Geostationary Navigation Overlay SystemExterior Gateway Protocol (Internet)Environment, GET, POST, Cookies, ServerExtended Generalized Programming EnvironmentEnhanced General Packet Radio ServiceEdge GatewayEnhanced Host Controller InterfaceExtremely High FrequencyEinheitliches höheres KommunikationsprotokollEmulator High Level Language Application Programming IntElectronic Health RecordEuropean Home SystemEuropean Home Systems AssociationElectronic Industries Alliance, USAElectronics Industry Association of JapanEuropean Installation BusEuropean Installation Bus AssociationEnhanced Interactive Business Integrating Environment ManEuropean Institute for Computer Anti-Virus Research

242ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIEICTAEIDEIDEIDEEIDPEIESEIESEIFSEIGRPEIMEIMSEINEIPEIPEIPEIREIRPEISEISEISAEISSEISTEITEITIEITOEIUFEIVEJBEJOEKEKEKTEKTSELELELELELANELANELANCEuropean Information, Communications + Consumer Electronics IElectronic IdentityElectronic Information DisplayEnhanced Integrated Drive ElectronicsElectronic Information Developers ProgramElectronic Information Interchange SystemEuropean Information Exchange Service for the Communication bExtended Inter Frame SpaceEnhanced Interior Gateway Routing ProtocolElectronic Image ManagementEudora Internet Mail ServerEuropean Informatics NetworkEnterprise Informational PortalExtended Instruction PointerExtended IP (Internet)Equipment Identity RegisterEffective/Equivalent Isotropically Radiated PowerElectronic/Employee/Emergency Information Services/SystemEnterprise/Executive/Expert Information SystemExtended Industry Standard ArchitectureEuropäisches Institut für SystemsicherheitEnhanced Intel Speedstep TechnologyEvent Information TableEuropean Interconnect Technology InitiativeEuropean Information Technology ObservatoryEuropean ISDN User ForumEncryption Initialization VectorEnterprise Java BeansElectronic Journal OnlineEditor KitEvent KernelEnvelope-Kanal-TeilerElectronic Key Telephone Service/SetsElectroluminiscent (Display)ElevationEmbedded LinuxErase LineEducational/Elementary LanguageEmulated Local Area NetworkEnhanced Local Area Network Controller

243ELCELCELDELDELECELECELENAELFELFELFEXTELFFELGAELKSELMELODELOSELOSELPELSELSAELSPAELSTERELTELVELVELWISEMEMEMEMEMAEMAEMACEMACSEMACSEMAILEMASEMBEMBEMCEmbedded Linking and ControlEmbedded Linux ConsortiumElectroluminescent DisplayElectronic License DistributionEmbedded Linux Expo + ConferenceEnterprise Local Exchange CarrierElektronischer EinkommensnachweisExecutable and Linkable/Linking FormatExtremely Low FrequencyEqual Level Far End CrosstalkExtended Log File FormatElektronische lebenslange GesundheitsakteEmbeddable Linux Kernel SubsetElectronic Mail (system)Erasable Laser Optical DiskElectro Optical SynergyEmbedded Lightweight Operating SystemEducation License ProgramEntry Level SystemEnhanced Linux System AccountingEuropean Leisure Software Publishers AssosciationElektronische Steuer-ErklärungEmergency Locator TransmitterElectronic/Extra Low VoltageElektronisches LastschriftvefahrenElektronisches Wasserstrassen-Informationssystem für die BiElectronic MailEnd of MediumEnd-host MulticastExpanded MemoryElectronic Mail AssociationEnterprise Management Architecture (DEC)European Market Awareness and Education CommitteeEditing Macros (GNU)Escape-Meta-Alt-Control-Shift (Slang)Electronic MailEdinburgh Multi-Access SystemEnhanced Master BurstExtended Memory BlockElectromagnetic Compatibility

244ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIEMCEMCEMCCEMEEMEEMEAEMEAEMFEMFEMFBIEMFISEMHSEMIEMIEMIEMLEMMEMMEMPEMPEMPAEMREMREMREMSEMSEMSEMSEMSEMSAPIEMSECEMSECEMTEMUGEMVEMVGEMVUEMXENENElectronic Mail ConnectionExtended Math CoprocessorEckert-Mauchly Computer CompanyEarth - Moon - Earth (Connection)Electromagnetic EnvironmentEurope, Middle East, and AfricaEuropean Medicinal Evaluation Agency, LondonElectromagnetic Field/ForceEnhanced Meta FileExcuse Me For Butting In (Slang)Emerging Markets Financial ServicesElectronic Message Handling SystemsElectric & Musical IndustriesElectromagnetic InterferenceExternal Memory InterfaceEuropean Media Lab, HeidelbergEnterprise Mail ManagerExpanded Memory ManagerElectromagnetic PulseExcessive Multi-Posting/Multiple PostingEidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und ForschungsanstaltElectromagnetic RadiationElectronic Mail RegistrationEnhanced Metafile RecordElectronic Mail SystemElectronic/Enhanced Message ServiceEnergy Management SystemEnhanced Messaging ServiceExpanded Memory SpecificationExtended Messaging Services Application Programming InterfaceEmanations SecurityEmbedded Security (group), UCLAEmbedded Management ToolEuropean MAP Users GroupElektromagnetische VerträglichkeitGesetz über die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit von GerätenElektromagnetische Veträglichkeit zur UmweltEnterprise Mail ExchangeEnd NodeEuropean Norm

245ENAENCMMENDECENDFENDSENFIAENIACENISAENITHENLENPENQENSENSSENSSENUMEOEOEOAEOBEOCEOCEODEODEOFEOFEOFEOIEOIEOJEOLEOLEOMEOMEONEOPEOREOREOSEOSElectronic Networking AssociationEthernet Network Control + Management ModuleEncoder/DecoderEvaluated Nuclear Data FileEnds SegmentExchange Network Facilities For Interstate AccessElectronic Numerical Integrator And ComputerEuropean Network and Information Security AgencyEuropean Network for Information Technology in Human ServEuropean Network LaboratoriesEthernet Node ProcessorEnquiryEnterprise Network System/Services/SwitchEuropean Navigation Satellite SystemExterior Nodal Switching Subsystem (Internet)(T)Elephone Number MappingElectro OpticalEurope OnlineEnd Of AddressEnd Of BlockEmbedded Operations ChannelEnd Of Character/Conversion/CycleEnd Of DataEnd Of Discussion (Slang)ECC On the FlyEnd Of Field/File/FlameEnterprise Objects FrameworkEnd Of Image/InterruptEnd Or IdentifyEnd Of JobEnd Of Life/Line/ListEuropa OnlineEnd Of Message/MeckereiErasable Optical MemoryEnhanced (Information Concerning) Other NetworksEnd Of Page/PartitionEnd Of RecordExclusive Or (auch: XOR)Educational Online SourcesElectro Optical System (Canon)

246ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIEOSEOSEOSATEOSDISEOTEOTEOTCEOUEOUEOUGEPAEPAEPAEPACEPCEPEATEPGEPIEPIEPIEPICEPICEPIRBEPLEPLEPLDEPMEPMAPEPOEPOEPOEEPPEPPEPPTEPRCAEPRMLEPROMEPSEPSEPSEnd Of StringError Correction Code On SIMMEarth Observation SatelliteEarth Observing System Data and Information System (NASA)Embedded Open TypeEnd of Tape/Transaction/Transmission/Table/TextEuropean Organization for Testing and CertificationEase Of UseEnd Of UserEuropean Oracle Users GroupEnvironmental Protection Agency, USAEuropäisches Patentamt, MünchenExecution Path AnalysisEnhanced Perceptual Audio CodingElectronic Product CodeElectronics Product Environmental Assessment ToolElectronic Program GuideEnhanced Parallel InterfaceExecute Programmer Immediately (Slang)External Presentation InterfaceElectronic Privacy Information Center, USAExplicitly Parallel Instruction (Set) ComputingEmergency Position Indicating Radio BeaconEffective Prvilege LevelEthernet PowerlinkElectronic/Erasable Programmable Logic DeviceEnterprise Process ManagementElectronic Publishing Mapping ProjectEmergency Power OffEntry Point ObscuringEnhanced Power Over EthernetEnhanced Parallel PortEthernet Packet ProcessorEuropean Printer Performance TestEnhanced Proportional Rate Control AlgorithmEnhanced Partial Response Maximum LikelihoodErasable Programmable Read Only MemoryElectronic Publishing SystemEncapsulated PostscriptEnterprise Parallel Server (HP)

247EPSCSEPSFEPSIEPSMAEPSREPSSEPUEQERERERERAERAERASERBISERCERCERCERCERCIMERDERDEREERESCEREWERGERIERICERLERLLERMERMERMAERMESERMESERNEROEROMERPERPEnhanced Private Switched Communications ServiceEncapsulated Postscript File FormatEncapsulated Postscript Interchange FormatEuropean Power Supply Manufacturers AssociationEthernet Protection Switching RingExperimental Packet Switching ServiceEnergy Processing UnitEqualizerEntity RelationshipExplicit RateExterner RechnerElementarer/Eingeschränkter Regulärer AusdruckExtended Registry AttributeElectronic Routing and Approval SystemEinheitliches Rechnerunterstütztes BetriebsführungssystemEuropean Radiocommunication CommitteeEuropean Research CouncilExplicit Route ControlExternal Relations CommitteeEuropean Research Consortium for Informatics and Applied MEmergency Repair DiscEntity Relationship DiagramExtended Regular ExpressionEuropean Register of Stolen ComputersExclusive Read, Exclusive Write (PRAM)European Regulators GroupEmergency Recovery InformationEducational Resources Information Center, USAEcho Return LossEnhanced Run Length LimitedEMC and Radio MattersEntity/Enterprise Relationship ModelElectronic Recording Method, Accounting (General Electric)European Messaging SystemEuropean Radio Message Service/SystemExplicit Route NumberEuropean Radiocommunications OfficeErasable Read Only MemoryEffective Radiated PowerEndpoint Routing Protocol

248ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIERPERRERSERUESESESESESESESAESAESATAESBESBESCESCESCESCDESC/IESC/PESCMESCONESDESDESDESDESDESDESDAESDCESDIESDPESDRAMESEESEESEESFESFESGEnterprise Resource PlanningErrorEvidence Record SyntaxEmergency Recovery Unit/UtilityElektronische SignaturElementary StreamEndsystem, End SystemEnhanced SecurityExpanded StoreExtra SegmentEnterprise System ArchitectureEuropean Space AgencyExternal Serial ATAEinseitenband, Single Side BandEnterprise Service BusElectronic Support Center/CentreEscapeEuropean Support Center (Novell)Extended Setup/System Configuration DataEpson Standard Code for Image ReadersEpson Printer LanguageExtended Services Communications ManagerEnterprise Systems Connection (Architecture) (IBM)Electronic Software DistributionElectronic System DesignElectrostatic DischargeEmergency Shutdown DeviceEmergency Startup DiskEntry Systems DivisionElectronic System Design AutomationExtra Segment Descriptor CacheEnhanced Small/System Device InterfaceEnhanced Service Discovery ProfileEnhanced Synchronous Dynamic RAMEthernet Switching EngineExpert System EnvironmentExtensible Storage EngineEureka Software FactoryExtended Superframe FormatEarth System Grid

249ESHESHGESIESIESIESIESIESIGESISESMESMESMRESMSESMTPESNESOCESOSLESPESPESPESPESPESPESPESPESPRITESRESRESROESSESSESSESSESSIDESTSCESUESUESUGESVETAEnd System Hello PDUElektrische Systemtechnik für Heim und GebäudeElectrostatic InterferenceEnd System IdentifierEnhanced Serial InterfaceEuropean Software InstituteExternal Systems InterfaceEuropean SMDS Interest GroupEnd System to Intermediate System Protocol (OSI)Enterprise Security ManagerEthernet Switching ModuleEnhanced Specialized Mobile RadioEuropean Satellite Multimedia ServicesExtended Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (Internet)Electronic Serial NumberEuropean Space Operation CentreEndless Snorts Of Stupid Laughter (Slang)Early Support ProgramElectronic Shock/Skip ProtectionEncapsulating Security PayloadEnhanced Serial PortEnhanced Service ProviderEnterprise System PlatformEudora Sharing ProtocolExtended Stack PointerEuropean Strategic Programme for Research in Information TEquivalent Series ResistanceEvent Service RoutineEfficient Short Remote OperationsElectronic Switching SystemEnterprise Storage Server (IBM)Environmental Stress ScreeningExtended Service SetExtended Service Set IdentifierEnergy Science + Technology Software CenterElectrostatic UnitEuropäische Standardüberweisung (eBanking)European Smalltalk Users GroupElektronikschrottverordnungEstimated Time of Arrival

250ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIETACSETANNETBETCETCETDETDDETDMETEETFETFTPETIETINETLETMETNETNSETOLETOMETOXETRETRNETSETSETSETSAETSIETXEUEUEUCEUCEUCIPEUDEUDCEUIEUIEULAEUNETEURIDExtended Total Access Communication SystemElectrically Trainable Analog Neural Network (Intel)End of Transmission BlockElectronic Toll CollectionEnhanced Throughput Cellular (modem protocol)Estimated Time of DepartureElectrical Time Division Demultiplexer/DemultiplexingElectrical Time Division Multiplexer/MultiplexingEntry to ExitEnriched Text FormatEnhanced Trivial File Transfer ProtocolExtended Terminal InterfaceElektronische Transfer-Identifikations-NummerExtract, Transform, LoadExchange Telephone ManagerElectronic Tandem NetworkEuropean Telephony Numbering SpaceEvil Twin On Line (Slang)Electron Trapping Optical MemoryEPROM Tunnel OxideEarly Token ReleaseExtended Turn (command)EIB Tool SoftwareElectronic Tracking SystemEuropean Telecommunication StandardEuropean Telecommunication Services AssociationEuropean Telecommunications Standards InstituteEnd of TextElektronische UnterschriftExecution UnitEnd User ComputingEnhanced/Extended UNIX CodeEuropean Certification of IT ProfessionalsExtended U-shape Cell DeviceEnd User Defined CharacterEnd User InterfaceExtended Unique IdentifierEnd User License AgreementEuropean UNIX NetworkEuropean Reguistry of Internet Domain Names

251EUROPEN Dachverband europäischer UNIX-AnwendervereinigungenEUSES End Users Shaping Effective SoftwareEUUG Extragalactic/European Unix User GroupEUV Extreme Ultra Violet (Lithography)EV EtagenverteilerEV European VideotelephonyEV Extended ValidationEVA Eingabe, Verarbeitung, AusgabeEVA Elektronische Fahrplan- und VerkehrsauskunftEVA Elektronischer Verkehrslotse für AutofahrerEVA Elektronisches Volltext-Archiv, KarlsruheEVA Empfangs- und VerteilanlageEVA Enhanced Video AdapterEVAS EDV-gestütztes Vereins-Administrations-SystemEVD Enhanced Versatile DiscEVE European Video TelephonyEVE Exklusiver Verzeichnis-Eintrag (Datex-J)EVGA Extended Video Graphics Array/AdapterEVL Electronic Visualization Laboratory, ChicagoEVM Embedded Virtual MachineEVMS Enterprise Volume Management SystemEVN EinzelverbindungsnachweisEVO Elektro-Schrott-VerordnungEVP Enhanced Virus ProtectionEVR Enhanced Video RendererEVS Event Service (OSF)EVU Elektrizitäts-/EnergieversorgungsunternehmenEWOS European Workshop on Open Systems (OSI)EWS Employee Written Software (IBM)EWSD Elektronisches Wählsystem, digitalEWSM Elektronisches Wählsystem für MANsEWSP Elektronisches Wählsystem für PaketvermittlungEWTS Enterprise Web Training SystemEXAPT Extended Subset of APTEXCA Exchangeable Card ArchitectureEXCH ExchangeEXFCB Extended File Control BlockEXIF Exchangeable Image File FormatEXM Enterprise Messaging ExchangeEXP Exponent

252ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIEXTEXTRNEXUGEZVExternalExternal ReferenceEuropean X User GroupElektronischer ZahlungsverkehrFF!FFF2FFAFAFAFAFABFABSFACFACFACFACCHFACLFACSFACSFACTFADAFADCFADTFAEFAFFAFWOAFAGFAIFAIFAIDFALFAMFAMOSFANFAPFAPIFAPLFederation, Fernmelde-, Field, File, Francais, FunkForum Informatiker für Frieden und gesellschaftliche VerantwortuFace to Face (Slang)FernmeldeamtFor Auction (Slang)Front End ApplicationFull Adder, Fermeldeamt, Fernamt(Chip) Fabrication PlantFast Access Btree StructureFast Access ChannelFile Access CodeFinal Assembly CodeFast Associated Control ChannelFull Access Control ListFibronics Advanced Cabling SystemFirmware ACPI Control StructureFederation Automatic Coding TechnologiesFile Access Data UnitFast/Flash Analog to Digital ConverterFixed ACPI Description TableField Apllications EngineerFile Attribute FileFor A Friend Without Access (Slang)FernmeldeanlagengesetzFournisseurs d’Acces InternetFully Automatic InstallationFlash Authority Identification DataFile Access ListenerFile Alteration MonitorFloating Gate Avalanche MOSFamily Area NetworkFile Access ProtocolFamily Application Program InterfaceFormat and Protocol Language

253FAQFAQFAQFAQLFARFAREFARNETFASFASFASCFASICFASTFATFAXTFAXTAMFBFBFBFBASFBDFBEFBISFBLINUFBOFBPPFBRMFBSFCFCFCFCFCFCFCFCAFC-ALFCBFCBFCCFCCFrequently Asked Questions (Netnews)Fragen, Antworten, Quellen der Erleuchtung (Netnews)Foire Aux Questions (Netnews)FAQ ListFalse Acceptance RateFilm Automatic Retouching and EnhancementFederation of American Research NetworksFahrassistenzsystemFrame Alignment SignalFuture of the Amateur Service CommitteeFunction- and Algorithm-Specific Integrated CircuitFast Access Stationary Tape Guide TransportFile Allocation TableFar End CrosstalkFax and Telephone Answering MachineFiber BackboneFine Business (Slang)Fully BufferedFarb-Bild-Austast-Synchronsignal (RGB-Signal)Fully Buffered DIMMFree Buffer Enquiry (Arcnet)Foreign Broadcast Information ServiceForum für blinde und sehbehinderte InternetnutzerFrame Buffer ObjectFederal Biometric Protection ProfileFractional Bit Rate ModulationFernbedienungs- und SteuerungssystemFederal CriteriaFibre ChannelFile CatalogueFlip ChipFlow ControlForward CheckingFrame ControlFibre Channel AssociationFiber Channel Arbitrated LoopFile Control BlockFuture Communications BusFederal Communications Commission, USAFile Carbon Copy

254ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIFCCH Frequency Correction ChannelFCCSET Federal Coordination Committee on Science, Engineering and TechFCD Final Committee DraftFCD Floating Car DataFCD Foundation for Communication for the DisabledFCFS First Come First ServedFCI flux changes per inchFCIA Fibre Channel Industry AssociationFCIF Full Common Intermediate FormatFCL FORTRAN Command LanguageFCLC Fibre Channel Loop CommunityFCP Fibre Channel ProtocolFCPGA Flip Chip Pin Grid ArrayFCRAM Fast Cycle (Dynamic) Random Access MemoryFCS Fibre Channel StandardFCS First Customer ShipmentFCS Frame Check SequenceFCSI Fiber Channel Systems InitiativeFCT Fast CMOS TechnologyFCT Firewall Configuration ToolFCVC Flow Controlled Virtual ChannelFD Finite DomainFD Floppy DiskFD Full DuplexFDB Fluid Dynamic BearingFDC Final Committee DraftFDC Floppy Disk ControllerFDCC Formal Definitions of Cultural ConventionsFDD Feature Driven DevelopmentFDD Floppy Disk DriveFDDI Fiber Digital/Distributed Data InterfaceFDDI TP-PMDFDDI Twisted Pair Physical Layer Medium DependentFDDI/UTP FDDI Unshielded Twisted PairFDDT FDDI Full Duplex TechnologyFDE Full Disc EncryptionFDE Full Duplex EthernetFDES Full Duplex EtherSwitchFDF Forms Data FormatFDFDDI Full Duplex FDDIFDFS File Descriptor File System

255FDI Flash Data IntegratorFDISK Fixed DiskFDL Factory Data LinkFDL File Definition LanguageFDL (GNU) Free Documentation LicenseFDM Flight Dynamic ModelFDM Frequency Division Multiplexer/MultiplexingFDMA Frequency Division Multiple/Multiplex AccessFDOCA Formatted Data Object Content ArchitectureFDP Form Description ProgramFDR Frame Drop RateFDSE Full Duplex Switched EthernetFDSL Fixed Directory Subscriber ListFDSL Flexible Digital Subscriber LineFDT Formal Description TechniqueFDX Full Duplex (transmission)FE Finite ElementeFE Focus ErrorFE Format EffektorFE Frame/Framing ErrorFEA Fast Ethernet AllianceFEA Fractal Element AntennaFEAL Fast Data Encipherment AlgorithmFEBE Far End Block ErrorFEC Fast EtherChannel (Cisco)FEC Floating Electrode Capacitor CellFEC Forward Equivalence ClassFEC Forward Error CorrectionFEC Front End ClippingFECN Forward Explicit Congestion NotificationFED Fachverband Elektronik Design e. V.FED Field Emission Device/DisplayFEDIS Finite Element Data Interchange SpecificationFEM Finite-Elemente-MethodeFEP Firewall Enhancement ProtocolFEP Front End ProcessorFEPIM Fast Ethernet Port Interface ModuleFER Frame Erasure RateFERAM Ferroelectric Random Access MemoryFERF Far End Receive Failure

256ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIFESTFESTFETFEXTFFFFFFFFFFAFFAPIFFDTFFGFFFIFFIIFFMFFOLFFRFFSFFSFFSFFSNFFTFFTFFTPFGFGFGFGAFGBFGCFGDFGDCFGFFGSFGVFHFHSFHSFHSSFIFinite Element Simulation TechniqueFramework for European TelemedicineFeldeffekt-TransistorFar End CrosstalkFieldbus FoundationFirst Fail (Principle)FlipflopForm FeedFree For AllFile Format APIFDDI Full Duplex Technology (DEC)File Framework Generator and FormatterForeign Function InterfaceFörderverein für eine Freie Informationelle InfrastrukturFile-on-File Mounting File SystemFDDI Follow-On LANFor Future ReleaseFast/Flash File SystemFlexibles FertigungssystemFor Free ServerFast Flux Service NetworkFast Fourier Transform/TransformationFull Frame TransferFast Food Transfer Protocol (Mampfnet)Feature GroupForegroundFrame GroundFeature Group AFeature Group BFirst Global CommerceFeature Group DFederal Geographic Data CommitteeForschungsgemeinschaft FunkFair Group SchedulingFernmeldegebührenvorschriftenFrame HandlerFilesystem Hierarchy StandardFor Heaven’s Sake (Slang)Frequency Hopping Spread SpectrumFeature Interaction

257FI Form InterpreterFI Full InterchangeabilityFIAWOL Fandom Is A Way Of Life (Slang)FICON Fiber ConnectivityFID File/Format/Frequency Identifier/IdentificationFIF Fachinformation in FachhochschulenFIF Fractal Image FormatFIFF Forum InformatikerInnen für den Frieden e. V.FIFO First In, First Out (Speicher)FILO First In, Last Out (Speicher)FIMS Forms Integration Management StandardFINCEN Financial Crimes Enforcement NetworkFINTS Financial Transaction ServicesFIP File Processor BufferingFIPR Foundation of Information Policy Research, UKFIPS Federal Information Processing Standard, USAFIQ Fast Interrupt RequestFIR Fast Infrared CommunicationFIR Finite Impulse ResponseFIR Full Intra RequestFIRP Federal Internetworking Requirements Panel (NIST)FIRST Fraunhofer-Institut für Rechnerarchitektur und SoftwaretechFIRST Forum of Incident Response and Security TeamsFIS Financial Information SystemFISA Foreign Intelligence Surveillance ActFISH First In, Still Here (Slang)FISMA Federal Information Security Management Act, USAFIT Fachauschuss für Information und TelekommunikationFIT Failures In TimeFIT Fingerprint Identification TechnologyFIT Fraunhofer-Institut für Angewandte Informationstechnik, SanFITB Fill In The Blank (Slang)FITL Fiber In The LoopFITNR Fixed In The Next Release (Slang)FITS Flexible Image Transport SystemFITUG Förderverein Informatik und Gesellschaft e. V.FIX Federal Information/Internet ExchangeFIZ FachinformationszentrumFK Family KeyFKTG Fernseh- und Kinotechnische Gesellschaft

258ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIFLFLAFLACFLAIMFLAMEFLASKFLBGAFLCFLCFLIFLICFLITFLLFLNFLNFLOFFLOPFLOPSFLOSSFLPFLTFLUVISFMFMFMAFMAFMACFMCFMCFMCFMCWFMDFMDFMEFMEAFMHFMIFMLFMPFMPFiber LinkFull Look AheadFree Lossless Audio CodecFlexible and Adaptable Information ManagerFlexible Application Program Interface for Module-based EnvironmFlux Advanced Security KernelFine Line Ball Grid ArrayFerro-electric Liquid CrystalFirst Level CacheFont LibraryFORTRAN Language for Industrial ControlFlexowriter Interrogation TapeFrequency Locked LoopFamily Life NetworkFuzzy Lattice NeurocomputingFull Level One FeatureFloating Point OperationFloating Point Operations per SecondFree/Libre Open Source SoftwareFast Link PulseFertigungsleittechnikFluid Dynamics Visualization in a Virtual WindtunnelFacility/Fault/Function ManagementFrequenzmodulation, Frequency ModulationFault ManagementFused Multiply-AddFloating Point Multiply AccumulateFan Monitor ConnectorFlexible Manufacturing CellFlight Management ComputerFrequency Modulated Continuous WaveFluorescence Multilayer DiskFunkmessdienstFunkmeldeempfängerFailure Mode and Effects AnalysisFunction Management HeaderFixed Mobile IntegrationForms Markup LanguageFlow Management ProtocolFunctional Multiprocessor/-processing

FORTWIHR Forschungsverbund für technisch-wissenschaftliches Hochleis259FMS Facility/File/Forms Management SystemFMS FernmeldesystemFMS Fieldbus Message SpecificationFMS Flexible Manufacturing SystemFMS FunkmeldesystemFMV Full Motion VideoFN Fiber NodeFNA File Name/Attribute Augmentation FacilityFNA Formerly Known As (Slang)FNA Functional Needs AnalysisFNA Functional Network ArchitectureFNC Federal Networking Council, USAFNL Fortran Numerical LibraryFO FernmeldeordnungFO Fiber OpticsFOAF Friend Of A Friend (Slang)FOC Fiber Optic CableFOC Free Of ChargeFOC Full Operational CapabilityFOD Fax On DemandFOD Foreign Object DamageFOF Factor Out FailureFOIA Freedom Of Information Act, USAFOIP Fax Over Internet ProtocolFOIRL Fiber Optic Inter Repeater LinkFOL First-Order LogicFOLDOC Free On-Line Dictionary Of ComputingFOLED Flexible Organic Light Emitting DisplayFOMA Freedom Of Multimedia AccessFOMAU Fiber Optic Medium Attachment UnitFOOBAR FTP Operation Over Big Address RecordsFORTRAN Formula TranslatorFOSDEM Free and Open Source Developers’ European MeetingFOSI Formatting Output Specification InstanceFOSS Free and Open Source SoftwareFOSSIL Fido-Opus-Seadog Standard Interface LayerFOV Field Of ViewFP Fabri-Perrot (-Laser)FP False Positive

260ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIFPFPFPFPADFPALFPDFPDPFPGAFPICFPKFPLAFPLDFPLMTSFPLSFPMFPMFPMLFPOFPODAFPPFPPFPPFPPFPPFPSFPSFPSFPSFPTFPUFPUFPXFQDNFQHNFRFRADFRADFRAMFRAPFRCFiber PassiveFixed PartFloating PointField Programmable Address DecoderField Programmable Array LogicFlat Panel DisplayFront Panel Data PortField Programmable Gate ArrayField Programmable Interconnect CircuitFast Packet KeyingField Programmable Logic ArrayField Programmable Logic DeviceFuture Public Land Mobile Telecommunications SystemField Programmable Logic SequencerFast Packet MultiplexingFast Page Mode (DRAM)Field Programmable Macro LogicFor Placement Only (image)Fixed Assignment PODAFast Parallel PortFixed Path ControlFloating Point ProcessorFraud Prevention PoolFull Packaged ProductFast Packet SwitchingFirst Person ShooterFor Pay ServerFrames per SecondForce/Forced Perfect TerminationFile Preparation UnitFloating Point UnitFlash Pix (Format)Fully Qualified Domain Name (Internet)Fully Qualified Host Name (Internet)Frame RelayFrame Relay Access DeviceFrame Relay Assembler/DisassemblerFerroelectric/Ferromagnetic Random Access MemoryFrame Relay Access ProtocolFull Rate Channel

261FRC Functional Redundancy CheckingFRCA Fast Response Cache AcceleratorFRDS Failure Resistant Disk SystemFRE Full Regular ExpressionFREQNPAV FrequenznutzungsplanaufstellungsverordnungFREQNPAVBV FrequenznutzungsplanaufstellungsverordnungsbeauftragtenvFRF Frame Relay ForumFRICC Federal Research Internet Coordinating CommitteeFRISK Fri Programvare I Skolen (Norway)FRMR Frame Reject (frame)FRPI flux reversals per inchFRR False Rejection RateFRS Family Radio ServiceFRS Frame Relay ServiceFRTS Future Request To SendFRU Field Replaceable UnitFS Field/File SeparatorFS File SystemFS Finite StateFS Font ServerFS Frame StatusFS Full ScreenFSA Finite State AutomatonFSAA Full-Scene Anti-AliasingFSAG Free Software Association Germany, Frankfurt (M)FSAN Full Services Access NetworkFSB Front Side BusFSB Functional System BlockFSC Fujitsu Siemens ComputersFSCSI Fast SCSIFSD File System DriverFSE FreisprecheinrichtungFSF Free Software FoundationFSFE Free Software Foundation EuropeFSFO Failsave FailoverFSG Free Standards GroupFSK Frequency Shift Keying (Modulation)FSL Full Shallow LearningFSM Finite State MachineFSM Free Space Map

262ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIFSMFSMOFSNFSNFSPFSSFSTFSTPFSUFTFTFTFTFTAFTAMFTASBFTBFTBSFTCFTCFTDSFTEGFTLFTLSFTPFTPFTPIFTPSFTRFTRFTRFTRFTRFTRFTRFTRFTRFTRTFTSFTSFreiwillige Selbstkontrolle Multimedia (Diensteanbieter)Flexible Single Master OperationFile System NavigatorFull Service NetworkFile Service Protocol (Internet)Fixed Satellite ServicesFreiwillige Selbstkontrolle TelefonmehrwertdiensteFast Spanning Tree ProtocolFree Software UnionFast TrackFault TolerantFree TermFunkentelegraphieFinal Type ApprovalFile Transfer, Access and Management (OSI)Faster Than A Speeding Bullet (Slang)Front To Back AlgorithmFailed To Build from SourceFax Transfer CentreFederal Trade Commission, USAFailure Tolerant Disk SystemGesetz über Funkanlagen und TelekommunikationsendeinrichtunFaster Than Light (Slang)Formal Top Level SpecificationFile Transfer Protocol (Internet)Foiled Twisted PairFlux Transitions Per InchFile Transfer Protocol over TLS/SSL (Internet)Failed To ReturnFast Token RingFast Transient ResponseFeature Test ReleaseFile Typing RulesFor This Reason (Slang)Forget The Rest (Slang)Frame Transfer RepringFull Test/Text RetrievalFaster Than Real Time (Slang)Fahrerlose TransportsystemeFidonet Transport Standard

263FTS File Transfer ServiceFTTB Fiber To The Basement/BuildingFTTC Fiber To The CurbFTTG Fiber To The GalaxyFTTH Fiber To The HomeFTTL Fiber To The LoopFTTN Fiber To The NeighbourhoodFTZ Fernmeldetechnisches ZentralamtFTZ Forschungs- und Technologie-Zentrum der DBP TelekomFU Functional UnitFUA Flow Update AcknowledgeFUA Follow Up AmplifierFUBAHR Fouled Up Beyond All Hope of Recognition (Slang)FUBAR Fouled Up Beyond All Repair/Recognition (Slang)FUBB Fouled Up Beyond Belief (Slang)FUBS Fido Used Book SquadFUD Fear, Uncertainty, and Disinformation/Doubt (Slang)FUD Flussdiagramm (DIN 66 001)FUE Forschung und EntwicklungFUG Functional Unification GrammarFUI Fake User InterfaceFUI File Update InformationFUL Forschung und LehreFUNET Finnish University and Research NetworkFUNI Frame based/Relay User Network InterfaceFUP Funktionsplan (DIN 40 719)FURA Föreningen Umeå RadioamatörerFUSE Filesystem in User SpaceFUSSP Final Ultimate Solution of the Spam ProblemFUST FunkstelleFÜV Fernmeldeverkehrs-Überwachungs-VerordnungFV FestverbindungFVD Finalized Versatile DiscFVF Flexible Vertex FormatFVIT Fachverband Informationstechnik im ZVEIFVT Full Video TranslationFVV Feste virtuelle VerbindungFW FirewallFWA Fixed Wireless AccessFWEE Fernwirkendeinrichtung

264ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIFWEG FernwirkendgerätFWH Firmware HubFWI Frequently Wanted InformationFWIW For What It’s Worth (Slang)FWLST FernwirkleitstelleFWT Fast Wavelet TransformFX File ExpressFX Foreign Exchange (Service)FXO Foreign Exchange OfficeFXP File Exchange Protocol (RFC 959)FXS Foreign Exchange StationFXSR Fast FP/MMX Streaming SIMD Extensions Save/RestoreFXU Fixed Point UnitFYA For Your Amusement (Slang)FYEO For Your Eyes Only (Slang)FYI For Your Information (Internet)FZI Forschungszentrum Informatik, KarlsruheGG2BG2CG2GGAGAGAASGABGABELNGABIGABICOGACGACGACPGAEGAFIAGAGGAINGAKGALGALGeneral, German, Global, Graphic, Ground, GroupGovernment To BusinessGovernment To CitizenGovernment To GovernmentGlobus AllianceGo Ahead (Slang)Galliumarsenid (GaAs)Group Audio BridgingGroup Area Brett Echo Liste NetzGeneral Application Binary InterfaceGanz billiger ComputerGlobal Assembly CacheGovernment Advisory CommitteeGateway Access Control ProtocolGerman Application EnvironmentGet Away From It All (Slang)Generic Algorithms for GIMPGerman Advanced Integrated Network (IBM)Government Access to KeysGate/Generic Array LogicGet A Life (Slang)

265GALAGAMMGAMSGANGAPGAPGARPGARPGARPGARTGARTGASGASGATGATGAUDIGAVDPGBBGBGGBICGBIFGBJGBNGCGCGCGCGCAGCADGCCGCCGCCGCFGCFAGCIGCLGCNGCRGCRGCSGeschwindigkeitsabhängige LautstärkeanhebungGesellschaft für Angewandte Mathematik und MechanikGeneralized Algebraic Modelling SystemGlobal/Galactic Area NetworkGeneral/Generic Access ProfileGerman Academic PublishersGeneric Attribute Registration ProtocolGenetic Algorithm of Rule-Set ProductionGroup Address Resolution ProtocolGraphics Address Remapping TableGraphics Aperture Relocation TableGateway Access ServerGNU AssemblerGeek of All Trades (Slang)Generic Application TemplateGuideline Authoring and DisseminationGeneric Audio Video Distribution ProfileGeneric Blackboard SystemGeschlossene Benutzergruppe (Btx, Datex-J)Gigabit Interface ConverterGlobal Biodiversity Information FacilityGraph Based BackjumpingGlobal Business NetworkGame ComputerGarbage CollectionGlobal CatalogueGrid ComputingGraphic Communications Association, USAGeographical Computer Aided Design SystemGeneric Conference ControlGNU C Compiler (gcc)GNU Compiler CollectionGatekeeper ConfirmationGIAC Certified Forensics AnalystGeneral Circuit InterfaceGolden Common LISPGlobal Challenge NetworkGray Component ReplacementGroup Coded RecordingGauss Centre for Supercomputing

266ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIGCSGCSGCTGDAGDAGDAGDBGDDMGDEGDFGDIGDLMGDMOGDNGDOIGDOSGDPGDPDUGDPSGDRGDRGDRVVFGDSGDTGDTGDTRCGEGEGEGEGEAGEBGECGECOSGEDAGEDIGGEGLGEHRGEISGEMGauss Centre for SupercomputingGeek of Computer Science (Slang)Gate Controlled ThyristorGesellschaft für Digitale ArchivierungstechnikGlobal Data AreaGlobal Directory AgentGenome DatabaseGraphics Data Display ManagerGeneric Decryption EngineGeographic Data FormatGraphic Device InterfaceGFS Distributed Lock ManagerGuidelines for the Definition of Managed Objects (OSI)Government Data Network (UK)Group Domain Of InterpretationGraphics Device Operating SystemGeneralized Drawing PrimitiveGrundsätze zum Datenzugriff und zur Prüfbarkeit digitaler UnterGeographically Dispersed Parallel Sysplex (IBM)Global Data RouterGrinning, Ducking and Running (Slang)Grinning, Ducking and Running Very, Very Fast (Slang)Global Directory ServiceGlobal Descriptor TableGrand Dictionaire TerminologiqueGlobal Descriptor Table Register CacheGeek of Engineering (Slang)General Electric CompanyGigabit EthernetGraphic EscapeGigabit Ethernet AllianceGödel, Escher, BachGreen Electronics CouncilGeneral Electric Comprehensive Operating SystemGNU Electronic Design AutomationGerman EDIF Interest GroupGeneric Graphics LibraryGood European Health RecordGeneral Electric Information ServicesGlobal Enterprise Management

267GEM Globally Executable MHPGEM Graphics Environment ManagerGEMA Gesellschaft für musikalische AufführungsrechteGEMS Global Enterprise Management of StorageGEN Global European NetworkGENA General Event Notification ArchitectureGEO Geostationary Earth OrbitGEOSAR Geostationary Search And RescueGEP Good Engineering PracticeGET Ground Elapsed TimeGEZ GebühreneinzugszentraleGFC General/Generic Flow ControlGFC Going For Coffee (Slang)GFDL GNU Free Documentation LicenseGFG Ganz Freches Grinsen (Slang)GFG Gift From God (Slang)GFR Guaranteed Frame RateGFS Global/Google File SystemGFSK Gaussian Frequency Shift KeyingGFY Good For You (Slang)GFY Go Find Yourself (Slang)GG Gadu-GaduGGF Global Grid ForumGGI General/Generic Graphical/Graphics InterfaceGGP Gateway to Gateway ProtocolGGS Gütegemeinschaft Software e. V., KölnGGSN Gateway GPRS Support NodeGHC Glasgow Haskell CompilerGHF Grosshandels-FlatrateGHN Get Hold NextGHT Geographic Hash TableGHU Get Hold UniqueGI Gesellschaft für Informatik e. V.GIAC Global Information Assurance CertificationGIBN Global Interoperability for Broadband NetworksGID Group Identifier/IdentificationGIF Graphics Interchange FormatGIFT GNU Image Finding ToolGIGO Garbage In, Garbage/Gospel Out (Slang)GII Global Information Infrastructure

268ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIGIISGILCGILSGILTGIMPGIMPSGIOPGIPGIPGIPSGISGISCGITGIWISTGIXGKGKMPGKSGKVGLGLASSGLDVGLINGLLGLONASSGLPGLTGLUGLUEGLVGLXGMGMCGMDGMDSGMDSSGMEGMHSGMIIGMLGrid Index Information ServiceGlobal Internet Liberty CampaignGovernment Information Locator ServiceGlobalization, Internationalization, Localization, TranslationGNU Image Manipulation ProgramGreat Internet Mersenne Prime SearchGeneral Inter-ORB ProtocolGlobal Internet ProjectGPS/GSM Interworking ProfileGiga-Instructions Per SecondGeographic Information SystemGeneric Intelligent System ControllerGNU Interactive ToolsGee I Wish I’d Said That (Slang)Global Internet ExchangeGatekeeperGroup Key Management ProtocolGraphical Kernel SystemGeschäftskundenvertrieb (Telekom)Graphics LanguageGlobally Accessible ServicesGesellschaft für Linguistische DatenverarbeitungGlobal Legal Information NetworkGeographic Position - Latidtude/Longitude (message)Global Navigation Satellite SystemGovernment License ProgramGebäudeleittechnikGeneral Logic UnitGlobal User EnvironmentGlobal Line VectorizationOpenGL Extension for the X Window SystemGeneral MIDIGlobal Motion CompensationGesellschaft für Mathematik und DatenverarbeitungGlobal Managed Data ServicesGlobal Maritime Distress and Safety SystemGesellschaft Mikroelektronik im VDEGlobal Message Handling SystemGigabit Media Independent InterfaceGeneralized/Geographic Markup Language

269GMMGMMPGMPGMPLSGMRGMRPGMSGMSCGMSKGMSVGMTGMTGMXGNGNAGNATSGNDGNFGNIGNIGNKSAGNNGNOMEGNSGNSGNSGNSGNSGNSGNSSGNUGOGOBGOBSGOCGOCCGODGOEPGOESGOKGamut Map ModelGlobal Memory, Message PassingGNU Multiple Precision Arithmetic LibraryGeneralized Multi-Protocol Label SwitchingGiant Magneto Resistance/Resistive (Head)GARP Multicast Registration ProtocolGlobal Messaging Service (Novell)Gateway Mobile Switching CentreGaussian Minimum Shift Keying (Modulation)Global Memory, Shared VariablesGeneric Mapping ToolsGreenwich Mean/Meridian TimeGlobal Message ExchangeGroup Ad-hoc Network PointGlobewide Network AcademyGNATS’s A Tracking SystemGroundGreibach Normal FormGesellschaft für Angewandte NeuroinformatikGrenoble Network InitiativeGood Net-Keeping Seal of ApprovalGlobal Network NavigatorGNU Network Object Model EnvironmentGlobal Name ServiceGlobal Name SpaceGlobal Navigation Satellite/SystemGlobal Network Security/Services/Simulation/SolutionsGPS Navigation SystemsGrid Network ServiceGlobal Navigation Satellite SystemGNU’s Not UNIXGeek of OtherGroup Of BlocksGrundsätze ordnungsgemässer DV-gestützter BuchführungssyGeneral Operators CertificateGovernment Open Code CollaborativeGlobal Out DialGeneric Object Exchange ProfileGeostationary/Geosynchronous Operational/Orbiting EnvironmGod Only Knows (Slang)

270ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIGOLGOMSGOPGOSGOSGOSIPGOSPLGOSTGOTGOUVGOVGPGPGPGPGPAGPAGPCGPFGPFSGPGPUGPIGPIGPIBGPIMGPLGPLGPNVGPONGPPGPRGPRSGPSGPSGPSGPSGPSGPSRGPSSGPTGame Of LifeGoal, Operators, Methods, SelectionGroup Of PicturesGlobal Overseas ServiceGrundsätze ordnungsgemässer SpeicherbuchführungGovernment OSI ProfileGeneralized Open Source Programmable LogicGosudarstvennyy Standart (EASC)Global Offset TableGrizzled Old Unix Veteran (Slang)Government; Internet-Domain: Behörden in USAGame PortGas PlasmaGeneral PurposeGreen PagesGNU Privacy AssistantGround Plane AntennaGeneral Purpose ComputerGeneral Protection Fault/FailureGeneral Parallel File System (IBM)General Purpose Computation on Graphics Processing UnitGeneral Purpose InterfaceGraphics Programming InterfaceGeneral Purpose Interface BusGigabit Interface ModuleGeneral Public License (GNU)Graphics Programming LanguageGeneral Purpose Non-Volatile (Area)Gigabit Passive Optical NetworkGeneric Packetized ProtocolGlobal Position ReceiverGeneral Packet Radio ServiceGeneral Problem SolverGeneralized Processor SharingGlobal Pizza ServiceGlobal Positioning Satellite/SystemGraphical Process StatisticsGreedy Perimeter Stateless RoutingGeneral Purpose Simulation SystemGUID Partition Table

271GPUGQLGQMGQOSGRAGRACCEGRAMGRASPGRDGREGREGREATGREPGRIBGRIDGRIOGRISGRJGRLGRPGRQGRSGRUBGSGSGSGSGSAGSAGSEGSFGSFDLGSIGSIGSIDGSLGSLGSLBGSMGSMGraphic/Graphical Processing/Processor UnitGraphical Query LanguageGoal, Question, MetricGuaranteed Quality Of ServiceGroup Random AccessGrand Challenge Computational EnvironmentGlobus Resource Allocation ManagerGeneral Robotics, Automation, Sensing and PerceptionGrinning, Running + Ducking (Slang)Generic Router/Routing Encapsulation (CISCO)Graphics EngineGraphical Environment And DesktopGlobal Regular Expression and PrintGridded Binary (code, data format)Global Resource IdentifierGuaranteed Input Output BandwidthGrid Resource Information ServiceGatekeeper RejectGlobal Revocation ListGeneral Registration ProtocolGatekeeper RequestGeneric Record SyntaxGrand Unified BootloaderGeek of ScienceGeprüfte Sicherheit (TÜV)Global StoreGroup SeparatorGlobal Mobile Suppliers AssociationGlobal Security ArchitectureGraphical Setup EnvironmentGhostscript FontGNU Simpler Free Documentation LicenseGeneric Software InterfaceGrid Security InfrastructureGlobal Server IdentifierGNU Scientific LibraryGraphics Subroutine LibraryGlobal Server Load BalancingGlobal Shared MemoryGlobal System for Mobile Communications

272ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIGSMGSMAGSMPGSNWGSOGSOGSOCGSRGSSGSSGSSAPIGSTGSTGSTGSTNGSUGGSXGTGTGTGTEGTFGTLGTLDGTOGTPGTRGTSGTSGTTGTUBEGUGUGUDGUIGUIDGULGULMGULMGULPGroup Speciale MobileGlobal Scheduling Multiple AccessGeneral/Generic/Global Switch Management ProtocolGateway Services for NetwareGeneric Segmentation OffloadGeosynchronous OrbitGerman Space Operations CenterGigabit Switching RouterGeneric Security ServicesGroup Support SystemGeneric Security Service Application Program InterfaceGebäudesystemtechnikGreedy String Tiling (Algorithm)Greenwich Sidereal TimeGeneral/Global Switched Telephone NetworkGerman Smalltalk Users GroupGraphics System ExtensionGlobal TeachGlobus ToolkitGroup TechnologyGeometry Transfer EngineGeneral Timing Formula (VESA)Gunning Transceiver LogicGeneric Top Level DomainGate Turn OffGo Text ProtocolGrafikfähiger TaschenrechnerGlobal Telecommunication SystemGlobal Time Server/ServiceGlobal Title TranslationGeneric Test for Unsolicited Bulk EmailGabelumschalterGeek UndecidedGrand Unified DebuggerGraphical User InterfaceGlobally Unique IdentifierGroupe d’Utilisateurs de LinuxGlobal Universal Lock ManagerGrand Unified Lock ManagerGraph Unification Logic Programming

273GUMMGUNGUPGURNGUSGUSGUUGGVGVGVBDGVHGVIFGVMGVNGVPNGVRPGVTGVUGVUGVVGWGWGWGWDGGWENGWIAGWINGWLGWMGYMGZSGurus of UNIX Meeting of MindsGemeinschaft der UNIX-Anwender NiederrheinGeneric Ultimate ProtocolGNSS Upper Rhine Graben NetworkGround Uplink SystemGuide to the Use of Standards (OSI)German/Galactic Unix User GroupGebäudeverteilerGestattungsvertragGötz-von-Berlichingen-Dämon (Internet)Gesamtverzeichnis deutschsprachiger HochschulschriftenGigabit Video InterfaceGrafik, Visualisierung, MediadiensteGlobal Value NumberingGlobal Virtual Private NetworkGARP VLAN Registration ProtocolGlobal Virtual TimeGesellschaft zur Verfolgung von UrheberrechtsverletzungenGraphics Visualization and UsabilityGewählte virtuelle VerbindungGatewayGleichwelleGrenzwelleGesellschaft für Wissenschaftliche Datenverarbeitung GöttingGround Wave Emergency NetworkGroupwise Internet AgentGigabyte Wissenschafts-Netz, G-WINGateway LinkGeneric Window ManagerGoogle, Yahoo, MicrosoftGesellschaft für ZahlungssystemeHH4PHAHAHAHAHAAPIHardware, High, HomeHigh-Performance Parallel Processor ProjectHalbaddiererHalf AdderHigh Availability/ApertureHome Agent/AppliancesHuman Authentication Application Program Interface

274ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIHAARPHABHACHACHACMPHACMPHACSHADAHAKHALHALHALHALHAMHANDHANFSHAPHARECHASHASPHBHBAHBCHBCDCHBCIHBESHBOHBSHCAHCAHCCSMHCDHCFHCFHCIHCIHCLPHCMOSHCNHCPHigh Frequency Active Auroral Research Program/ProjectHost Adapter BoardHierarchical Arc ConsistencyHigh Availability ClusterHigh Availability Cluster Management ProtocolHigh Availability Cluster Multi-Processing (IBM)Hazard Assessment Computer SystemHigh Availability Disk ArrayHugs And Kisses (Slang)Hard Array LogicHardware Abstraction LayerHeuristically programmed Algorithmic ComputerHouse Programmed Array LogicHypertext Abstract MachineHave A Nice Day (Slang)Highly Available Network File SystemHost Access ProtocolHarmonized Amateur Radio Examination CertificateHauptanschlussHouston Automatic Spooling Package/PriorityHome BankingHost Bus AdapterHome Banking ComputerHigh Bandwidth Cellular Data ChannelHome Banking Computer InterfaceHome and Building Electronic SystemsHost Byte OrderHome Bus SystemHeartbeat Collision AvoidanceHost Channel AdapterHigh Performance Common Channel Signalling ModulHost Controller Device/DriverHalt and Catch Fire (Slang)Hybrid Distribution FunctionHost Controller Interface (USB, Firewire, Bluetooth etc.)Human Computer Interaction/InterfaceHierarchical Constraint Logic ProgrammingHigh Speed CMOSHierarchical Cache NetworkHardware Control Protocol

275HCP Host Configuration ProtocolHCRP Hardcopy Replacement ProfileHCS Header Check SequenceHCT Hardware Compatibility TestHCT Home Communication TerminalHCVQ Hierarchical Classified Vector QuantizationHD Hard DiskHD Heavy DutyHD High Definition/DensityHD Hilfskanal DatenleitungHDA Head and Disk AssemblyHDA High Definition AudioHDAP High Definition Audio PerformanceHDAP Home Digital Audio PlatformHDB High Density Bipolar (code)HDB HoneyDanBer (P. Honeyman, D. A. Nowitz, B. E. Redman) (uuHDB3 High Density Bipolar Code of Order 3HDC Hard Disk ControllerHDC Hash Distributed CachingHDCD High Definition Compatible DigitalHDCD High Density Compact DiskHDCP High Bandwidth Digital Content ProtectionHDCP High Definition Content ProtectionHDD Hard Disk Drive, High Definition DisplayHDDVD High Density Digital Versatile DiscHDF HDSL Dual FramerHDF Hierarchical Data FormatHDI Head to Disk InterferenceHDL Hierarchical Design LanguageHDLC High Level Data Link Control (Protocol)HDM Hardware Device ModuleHDMI High Definition Multimedia InterfaceHDML Handheld Device Markup LanguageHDN Hochgeschwindigkeits-DatennetzHDOP Horizontal Dilution Of PrecisonHDPLD High Density Programmable Logic DeviceHDR HDSL Dual RegeneratorHDR HeaderHDR High Dynamic RangeHDRI High Dynamic Range Imaging

276ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIHDRRHDSHDSCHDSLHDTHDTVHDWHDXHEHEHEHEAHEAACHEATHECHECTORHEHOHELHEMHEMPHEMSHEMTHENHENSAHEOHEPHEPNETHERFHERTHESHESSLAHEXHFHFHFCHFDHFDHFEPHFMHFPHigh Dynamic Range RenderingHigh Definition SystemHigh Density Signal CarrierHigh Bit/Data Rate/Speed Digital Subscriber Line/Link/LoopHigh Definition TelephonyHigh Definition TelevisionHardwareHalf DuplexHead EndHigh EfficiencyHöheneinheit (in Racks)Health/Higher Education AuthorityHigh Efficiency Advanced Audio Coder/CodingHelpdesk Expert Automation ToolHeader Error Check/ControlHeterogeneous Computer TogetherHead End Hop OffHardware Emulation LayerHome, Entertainment, MultimediaHigh-level Entity Management Protocol (Internet)High-level Entity Management System (Internet)High Electron Mobility TransistorHome Entertainment NetworkHigher Education National Software ArchiveHighly Elliptical OrbitHeterogenous Element/multi ProcessorHigh Energy Physics NetworkHigh Energy Radio FrequencyHERT/Hackers’ Emergency Response TeamHome Electronic System (Siemens)Hacktivismo Enhanced-Source Software License AgreementhexadezimalHigh Frequency/FunctionalityHochfrequenzHybrid Fiber Coax (Network)Hauptanschluss für Direktwahl/DirektrufHot Fix DeviceHost Front End ProtocolHigh Frequency ModeHands Free Profile

277HFRGHFSHFTHFTHGAHGAHGAHGCHGMLHGZHHHIHHOKHHOSHIHIDHIDSHIFDHIFIHILHILHILIHINFOHIPAAHIPERHIPPIHIPSHISHISAHISAHKHKSCSHLHLHLCOHLDSHLLHLLAPIHLMHLQHLRGesetz über den Betrieb von HochfrequenzgerätenHierarchical File SystemHigh Function TerminalHochschule für Technik, StuttgartHead Gimbal AssemblyHercules Graphics AdapterHigh Gain AntennaHercules Graphics Card/ControllerHyper Graphics Markup LanguageHoffe Geholfen Zu Haben (Slang)Heinrich-Hertz-Institut, BerlinHa Ha Only Kidding (Slang)Ha Ha Only Serious (Slang)Handover InterfaceHuman Interface Device (Profile)Host-based/Hybrid Intrusion Detection SystemHigh Density Floppy DiskHypertext Interface For InformationHardware In the LoopHuman Interface Link (HP)High Level InterfaceHost Information (Record)Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, USAHigh Performance European RadioHigh Performance Parallel InterfaceHost Intrusion Prevention SystemHouse Information SystemHealth Informatics Service ArchitectureHealthcare Information System ArchitectureHost KeyHong Kong Supplementary Character SetHalbleiterHop Level (Flow Control)High Low Close OpenHitachi LG Data StorageHigh Level LanguageHLL Application Program InterfaceHeterogeneous LAN ManagementHigh Level QualifierHome Location Register

278ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIHLRNHLRNHLRSHLRZHLSHLTHMHMAHMAHMACHMCHMCHMDHMIHMIHMMPHMMSHMOSHMOSHMPHMPHMUXHOBHOBHOHHOLHONHOPHOPTEHOSHOWHPHPHPHPAHPBHPCHPCHPCHPCAHöchstleistungsrechenzentrum NordNorddeutscher Verbund für Hoch- und HöchstleistungsrechnenHöchstleistungsrechenzentrum StuttgartHochleistungsrechenzentrumHue, Lightness/Luminance, Saturation (Farbmodell)HaltHilfskanal MeldeleitungHigh Memory AreaHub Management Architecture(keyed) Hash Message Authentication CodeHardware Management ConsoleHer/His Majesty’s Computer (Fun)Head/Helmet Mounted DisplayHorizontal Motion IndexHuman Machine InterfaceHypermedia Management ProtocolHypermedia Management SchemeHigh Density Metal Oxide SemiconductorHigh Speed Metal Oxide SemiconductorHeterogeneous Multi-ProcessingHost Monitoring ProtocolHybrid MultiplexerHead Of BusHierarchical Operational BindingHDSL Overhead Bit HandlingHigher Order LogicHealth On the NetHomecast Open ProtocolHigh Order Path Terminating EquipmentHealth Online ServiceHand Over WordHewlett-PackardHochpassHome PageHost Protected AreaHalf Power BandwidthHandheld Personal ComputerHealth Professional CardHigh Performance Cluster/ComputingHigh Performance Computing Act

279HPCCHPCCHPCIHPCRCHPCSHPDPSHPDSHPETHPFHPFLHPFSHPGLHPIHPIBHPLHPLIPHPMHPMHPOFSHPPAHPPIHPPSHPQHPRHPSBHPSCHPSLHPSNHPSSHPTC3HQHRHRHRCHRCHRGHRISHRMHRMSHRNHigh Performance Computing ChallengeHigh Performance Computing and CommunicationsHigh Performance Computing InitiativeHigh Performance Computing Research CenterHigh Performance Communication ServerHewlett-Packard Distributed Print SystemHigh Performance Data SystemHigh Precision Event TimerHigh Performance FORTRANHewlett-Packard Fiber Optic LinkHigh Performance File System (OS/2)Hewlett-Packard Graphics LanguageHost Port InterfaceHewlett-Packard Interface BusHome Product LinkHewlett-Packard Linux Imaging and PrintingHardware Performance MonitorHyper Page ModeHigh Performance Optical File SystemHewlett-Packard Precision ArchitectureHigh Performance Parallel InterfaceHewlett-Packard Payment SchemeHewlett-Packard CompaqHigh Performance RoutingHigh Performance Serial Bus (FireWire)High Performance Scientific ComputingHewlett-Packard Support LineHigh Performance Scalable NetworkingHigh Performance Storage SystemHigh Prformance Technical Computing Competence CenterHigh QualityHigh Reflection (Display)High ResolutionHalf Rate ChannelHybrid Ring ControlHigh Resolution GraphicsHuman Resource Information SystemHopwise Reliable MulticastHuman Resource Management SystemHeterogenes Rechnernetz

280ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIHRNG Hardware Random Number GeneratorHRRN Highest Response Ratio NextHRS Hotel Reservation ServiceHRT High Resolution TelemetryHRTF Head Related Transfer FunctionHRZ Hochschul-RechenzentrumHS High SpeedHS Hilfskanal SteuerleitungHSB Hue, Saturation, BrightnessHSC High Speed Channel/ConnectHSCC Home-based Server-less Cooperative CachingHSCSD High Speed Circuit Switched DataHSD High Speed DataHSDN High Speed Data NetworkHSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet AccessHSDT High Speed Data TransportHSI Hardware-Software-InterfaceHSI Hayes Synchronous InterfaceHSI Hue, Saturation, IntensityHSIK How Should I Know (Slang)HSIM High Speed Interface ModuleHSL Hierarchical Specific LanguageHSLAN High Speed Local Area NetworkHSLFX Hierarchical Specification Language - Function ExtensionHSM HerzschrittmacherHSM Hierarchical Storage Management/ManagerHSMD High Speed Mobile DataHSO Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe für Online-Süchtige e. V.HSP Headset ProfileHSP High Speed PeeringHSP High Speed Printer/ProcessorHSP High Speed PublishingHSPA High Speed Packet AccessHSPI High Speed Parallel InterfaceHSPS High Speed Peripheral ShelfHSRP Hot Standby Router Protocol (Cisco)HSSDC High Speed Serial Data Connection/ConnectorHSSG High Speed Study GroupHSSI High Speed Serial InterfaceHST High Speed Technology/Telegraphy

281HSTR High Speed Token RingHSUPA High Speed Uplink Packet AccessHSV Hue, Saturation, Value (Farbmodell)HSYNC Horizontal Synchronization (signal)HT High TensionHT Horizontal TabulatorHT Hyper ThreadingHTA High Temperature AlarmHTB Hierarchical Token BucketHTC High Throughput ClusterHTCC High Temperature Cofired CeramicHTCP Hyper Text Caching ProtocolHTFS High Throughput File SystemHTH Hope This/That Helps (Slang)HTML Hypertext Markup LanguageHTMPL Hypertext Markup with Perl LanguageHTPC Home Theatre Personal ComputerHTSI Host Transport Service InterfaceHTT Hyper-Threading TechnologyHTTP Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol (Internet)HTTPS Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol Secure/Security/over TLS/SSL (IHTX HTML ExtensionsHUC Handheld and Ubiquitous ComputingHUD Heads Up DisplayHUGO Holland Users Group for OS/2HV High VoltageHVC Hue (Farbton), Value (Helligkeit), Chroma (Buntheit)HVD High Voltage Differential (SCSI)HVD Holographic Versatile DiscHVM Hardware Virtual MachineHVP Horizontal + Vertical PositionHVT HauptverteilerHVV Hyperlink Vector VotingHW HardwareHWANS HinweisansageHWCP Hardware Code PageHWID Hardware IdentifierHWMP Hybrid Wireless Mesh ProtocolHWS Ham/Haskell Web ServerHWS Hybrid Wireless Satellite

282ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIHYTEAHypertext Authoring EnvironmentII18NI2OI3I4DLIAIAIAIAIAIAAIAASIABIABIABIABIACIACIACIACKIACRIADIADIAEIAEIAELIAFAIAGIAHCIAIIALIALIAMIAMCEIAMTIANIANAIdent, Indicator, Information, Integrated, International, InternetInternationalizationIntelligent Input/OutputIMA Interoperability InitiativeInterface, Inheritance, Implementation, Installation Definition LanIdentification & Authentication, I&AInformation ApplianceIntelligent ApplicationsInternational AlphabetInterworking Implementation AgreementIntel Application AcceleratorInstitut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, BerlinIndividual Address BlockInternational Academy of BroadcastingInternet Activities/Architecture BoardInternet Advertising Bureau, UKIn Any Case (Slang)Inquiry Access CodeInterapplication Communication (Apple)Information AcknowledgementInternational Association for Cryptologic ResearchIntegrated Access DeviceInternet Addiction DisorderIn Any Event (Slang)ISDN Anschalteinheit/AnschlusseinheitInternational Association of Entertainment LawyersInternet Anonymous FTP ArchiveIndustry Advisory Group (Novell)Internet International Ad Hoc CommitteeInternet Applications IntegrationIntel Architecture LabsInternational Algebraic Language (ALGOL)Institute of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, BernISDN Access Module Control ElementIntel Advanced Management TechnologyIntegrated Access NodeInternet Assigned Numbers Authority

283IANAL I Am Not A Lawyer (Slang)IAOG International Administrative Management Domains OperatorIAP Internet Access Policy/ProviderIAP ISDN Access Internetworking ProfileIAR Institut für Automation und RobotikIARP International Amateur Radio PermissionIARP Inverse Address Resolution ProtocolIARU International Amateur Radio UnionIAS Information Access SystemIASG Internet Addiction Support GroupIASNET Institute for Automated Systems NetworkIASS Internet Alphaserver System SoftwareIAT Import Address TableIATE Inter Active Terminology for EuropeIAUG International AIX Users GroupIAX Inter-Asterisk Exchange ProtocolIB In BetriebIB Intelligent BacktrackingIBA Independent Broadcasting AuthorityIBA Intel Boot AgentIBAC In Band Adjacent ChannelIBAN International Bank Account NumberIBC Illinois Benedictine College (Gutenberg-Projekt)IBC Inadequate But Cute (Slang)IBC Inter Base ComponentIBC International Broadcasting ConventionIBCN Integrated Broadband Communication NetworkIBCS1 Intel Binary Compatibility Specification Edition 1IBDWT Irrational Based Discrete Weighted TransformIBFD Interessengemeinschaft Blinder Funkamateure DeutschlandsIBIA International Biometric Industry AssociationIBL Input Buffer LimitIBM International Business Machines (Big Blue)IBN International Booking NetworkIBO Inter Base ObjectIBOC In Band On ChannelIBOND Intelligent Business On DemandIBP Institut Blaise Pascal, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, FrancIBS Integriertes Banken-SystemIBS Intelsat Business Services

284ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIIBSSTSFIBTIBTDIBUIBXICICICICICICICICICAICAICAICAICAICAICALPICAMICANICANNICAOICAPICAREICASICASICBICBMICCICCICCICCICCBICCCICCCMICCEICCHPIndependent Basic Service SetTiming Synchronization FunctionInternet Based TrainingI Beg To Differ (Slang)Informationsverbund BuchhandelIndividualized Blackbox Component (Microsoft)I See (Slang)In Characters (Slang)Incoming CallInformation CentreInput/Integrated CircuitInstruction CacheInterexchange CarrierInterrupt ControllerImage Component AttributeIndependent Component AnalysisIndependent Computing ArchitectureIntelligent Channels/Console ArchitectureIntelligent Communication AdapterInterface Connector AssemblyInternational Colloquium on Automata, Languages and ProgrammIntegrated Computer Aided ManufacturingIndividual Customer Access NetworkInternet Corporation for Assigned Names and NumbersInternational Civil Aviation OrganizationIntegrated Computer Aided ProductionInternational Council for Amateur Radio in EducationInformation Communication Assistance SystemIntel Communicating Applications SpecificationsInterface Control BoardInter-continental Ballistic MessengerIntegrated Circuit CardIntelligent Channel ControllerInternational Color ConsortiumInternational Conference on CommunicationsInternet Control and Configuration BoardInternational Conference on Computer CommunicationsInterclient Communications Conventions ManualInternational Conference on Consumer ElectronicsInternational Conference on Computers for Handicapped Persons

285ICCSICDICDEICEICEICEICEICEICFICEICEICFICGICGICHICIICIICIAICIPICLICMICMPICNICNICOICOICOCBWICPICPICPICPICPICPCICQICRICRICRICRAICSICSIntegrated Communications Cabling System (Siemens)International Code DesignatorInternational Conference on Data EngineeringImage Correction and EnhancementIn-Circuit Emulator/EmulationInformation Content ExchangeIntegrated Communication EnvironmentInter Client Exchange (Protocol)Interact Communication FacilityInternal Compiler ErrorInternet Communications EngineInternet Connection FirewallInversive Congruential (random number) GeneratorInterface Coordination GroupI/O Contoller HubInter/Interexchange Carrier InterfaceInformation Science InstituteInternational Communications Industries AssociationICI ProtocolInterface ClearImage Color Management/MatchingInternet Control Message ProtocolInformation and Communication NetworkIntegrated Computing NetworkInformation Commissioner’s OfficeIntermediate Circular OrbitI Could, Of Course, Be Wrong (Slang)Input Control ProcedureIntegrated Channel ProcessorInterconnection PartnerInternet Cache ProtocolInternet Content Provider(ACM) International Collegiate Programming ContestI Seek You (Slang)Information Collection RequestInitial Cell RateIntelligent Character RecognitionInternet Content Rating AssociationIBM Cabling SystemIntegrated Communication Services

286ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIICSICSICSICSAICSTISICTICTFICUICUICUICVICXIDIDIDIDIDAIDAIDAPIIDBIDCIDCIDCIDCIDCTIDDIDEIDEIDEIDEIDEAIDFIDFIDFIDIIDIIDKIDLIDLIDMInternet Chess ServerInternet Connecting/Connection Sharing (Microsoft)Intuitive Command StructureInternational Customer Service AssociationIndependent Committee for the Supervision of Standards of TelephInformation and Communication TechnologyInternet Content Task ForceISA Configuration UtilityInstruction Cache UnitInternational Components for UnicodeIntegrity Check ValueInter Cartridge ExchangeIdentification, IdentifierInstruction DecodeInternet DraftIntrusion DetectionIndependent/Intelligent Disk/Drive ArrayInteractive Debugging AidIntegrated Database Application Programming InterfaceIntegrated DatabaseI Don’t Care (Slang)International Data CorporationInternet Database ConnectorItem Description CodeInverse Discrete Cosine Tranform/TransformationInternational Direct/Distance DiallingIntegrated Development EnvironmentIntegrated Device/Drive ElectronicsInteractive Design and EngineeringInterface Design EnhancementInternational Data Encryption AlgorithmIntel Developer ForumIntermediate Distribution FrameInverse Document FrequencyInitial Domain IdentifierISDN Driver InterfaceInteressengemeinschaft DatenkommunikationInteractive Data LanguageInterface/Internet Definition LanguageIdentity Management

287IDMIDMIDMIDMSIDMSIDNIDNIDNIDPIDPIDPIDRIDRIDRPIDSIDSIDSLIDSTIDTIDTIDTRCIDTSIDTVIDUIDXPIEIEBIECIECIECIECCIECQIEDIEEEIEEE/CSIEFIEMMCIEMPIENIENImproved/Integrated Data ModemIntelligent Device ManagementInternet Download ManagerImaging and Document Management SystemIntegrated Database Management SystemIdentification NumberIntegriertes Datennetz, Integrated Digital NetworkInternationalized Domain NameInitial Domain PartIntegrated Data ProcessingInternet Datagram ProtocolIntergalactic Digital ResearchIntermediate Data Rate ServiceInterdomain Routing ProtocolIntegrated Data SystemIntrusion Detection SystemISDN Digital Subscriber LineI Didn’t Say That (Slang)Improved Definition TelevisionInterrupt Descriptor TableInterrupt Descriptor Table Register CacheI Don’t Think So (Slang)Improved Definition TelevisionInterface Data UnitIntrusion Detection Exchange ProtocolInformation ElementInstitute of Electronic Business, BerlinInterexchange CarrierInternational Electrotechnical CommissionInternational Engineering ConsortiumIntercultural E-mail Classroom ConnectionsIEC Quality Assessment System for Electrical ComponentsIntelligent Electronic DeviceInstitute of Electrical and Electronics EngineersIEEE Computer SocietyInformation Engineering FacilityInternet Electronic Mail Marketing CouncilInternal Electromagnetic PulseImage Enabled NetwareInternet Engineering/Experiment/Experimental Note

288ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIIEPRCIESIESIESGIETIETFIETMIEXIFIFAIFCIFCIFDIFDIFFIFFIFFIFFTIFGIFGIFGIFIPIFLIFLIFMPIFPIIFRBIFSIFSIFSIFSIFUIFUIFVIFVVIFWIFWFWIGIGIGInternational Electronic Publishing Research CentreInformation Exchange SystemIntegrated Election SystemInternet Engineering Steering GroupImage Enhancement TechnologyInternet Engineering Task ForceInteractive Electronic Technical ManualImaging Extensions for XWSIntermediate Frequency, ZwischenfrequenzInternationale Funkausstellung, BerlinIntegrated Factory ControlIndustry/Internet Foundation ClassesImage File DirectoryInterface DeviceInteressengruppe Funkamateure im FernverkehrInterchange File Format (Amiga)Internet Fast ForwardInverse Fast Fourier TransformationIncoming Fax GatewayInformationsfreiheitsgesetzInter Frame GapInternational Federation for Information ProcessingIntegrated Facility for LinuxInternet For LearningIpsilon Flow Management ProtocolInternational Federation of the Phonographic IndustryInternational Frequency Registration BoardInter Frame SpaceInstallable File System (OS/2)Interchange File SeparatorInternal Field SeparatorInstruction Fetch UnitInternationale FernmeldeunionInternationaler FernmeldevertragInternationale feste virtuelle VerbindungenISDN for Workgroups (Microsoft)ISDN for Windows for Workgroups (Microsoft)Interactive GraphicsInteressengemeinschaft, Interest GroupInterior Gateway

289IGAIGBTIGCIGCIGDIGEIGESIGFIGISIGITTIGMPIGNIGPIGRFIGRPIGSIGSIGTFIHIHEMIHLIHSIICIIDIIFIIIIIJIILIIMIIMIIOPIIPIIPSIIRIIRCIISIISIISPIITAIITFIntegrated Graphics Adaptor/ArrayInsulated/Insulator Gate Bipolar TransistorInstitute for Global/Galactic CommunicationsIntegrated Graphics Controller(Fraunhofer-)Institut für Grafische Datenverarbeitung, Darms(Eidgenössisches) Institut für geistiges Eigentum, BernInitial Graphics Exchange SpecificationInternet Governance ForumInteractive Graphics Information SystemInteractive Graphics Information Troubleshooting TechnologyInternet Group Management ProtocolIBM Global NetInterior Gateway Protocol (Internet)International Geomagnetic Reference FieldInternet/Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (Cisco)Interchange Group SeparatorInternet Go ServerInternet Governance Task ForceIn HouseIn-House Energy ManagementInternet Header LengthIntegrated Heat SpreaderInter Integrated Circuit (Bus)Interface IdentifierImage Interchange FacilityInstitute for Information Industry, TaiwanInternet Initiative JapanIntegrated Injection LogicIdentified Internet MailInformation Interchange ModelInternet Inter-ORB ProtocolISDN Intermediate Interworking ProfileIrrevocably Interruptible Power SupplyImmediate Impulse ResponseIf I Remember Correctly (Slang)Internet Information Server (Microsoft)Internet Integrated ServicesInterim Inter Signalling/Switch ProtocolInformation Infrastructure Technology and ApplicationsInformation Infrastructure Task Force, USA

290ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIIITYWYBMAD If I Tell You Will You Buy Me Another Drink? (Slang)IIWM If It Were Me/Mine (Slang)IJCAI International Joint Conference on Artificial IntelligenceIJS Inkjet Server (HP)IK-CAPE Industriekooperation Computer Aided Process EngineeringIKE Internet Key Exchange (Protocol)IKMP Internet Key Management ProtocolIKOE Institut für Kommunikationsökologie, HamburgIKT Informations- und Kommunikations-TechnologieIL IdleIL Idle ListeningIL Intermediate LanguageILA Internet Learning AgentILEC Incumbent Local Exchange CarrierILETS International Law Enforcement Telecommunications SeminarILG Initiated Linux GuruILLAB Ich Liege Lachend Am Boden (Slang), vgl. ROTFLILLIAC Illinois Institute for Advanced ComputingILLIAC Illinois Integrator + Automatic ComputerILM Industrial Light + Magic, Inc. (G. Lucas)ILMI Interim Local Management InterfaceILP Inductive Logic ProgrammingILP Integer Linear ProgrammingILP Integer, Long, PointerILS Integrated Logistic SupportILT Item Level TaggingILVU Interleaved Video UnitIM Information Management/ModelingIM Instant Message/Messaging/MessengerIM IntermodulationIM IPv4 MulticastIMA Interactive Multimedia AssociationIMA Internationale Multimedia Akademie (Karlsruhe)IMA Inverse Multiplexer for ATMIMAC Isochronous MAC (FDDI)IMACS International Association for Mathematics and Computers in SimuIMAO In My Arrogant Opinion (Slang)IMAP Internet Message Access ProtocolIMBE Improved Multi-Band ExcitationIMC Internet Mail Consortium

291IMCO In My Considered Opinion (Slang)IMDS Image Data Stream (IBM)IME In My Experience (Slang)IMEI International Mobile Equipment Identifier/IdentityIMG ImageIMG Information Management GroupIMHO In My Humble Opinion (Slang)IMI I Mean It (Slang)IMI Internet MSS InterfaceIMIMG ISDN Memorandum of Understanding Implementation ManagIMNSCO In My Not So Considered Opinion (Slang)IMNSHO In My Not So Humble Opinion (Slang)IMO In My Opinion (Slang)IMO International Maritime OrganizationIMOBO In My Own Biased Opinion (Slang)IMP Information/Interface Message ProcessorIMP Instant Messaging ProtocolIMP Internet Messaging ProgramIMPA Intelligent Multi-Port AdaptorIMPP Instant Messaging and Presence ProtocolIMPS Infinite Monkey Protocol SuiteIMQ Intermediate Queuing (device)IMR Internet Monthly ReportIMS Information Management SystemIMS Integrated Media ServiceIMS Internet Mail ServiceIMS Intermediate Maintenance StandardsIMS IP Multimedia SubsystemIMSI International Mobile Subscriber IdentityIMSL International Mathematical Subroutine Library (VNI)IMSP Independent Manufacturers Support ProgramIMSP Internet Message Support ProtocolIMT Information Managment TeamIMT Inter-Machine TrunkIMT International Mobile TelecommunicationsIMTC International Multimedia Teleconferencing ConsortiumIN Individual Network e. V.IN InputIN Intelligentes Netz (Telekom)INA Institut National de l’Audiovisuel

292ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIINAK Information Negative AcknowledgementINAP Intelligent Network Application PartINARP Inverse Address Resolution ProtocolINC In ChainINC IncrementINC Internet ComputerINCA Interleaved Native Compiled ArchitectureINET International Networking ConferenceINFN Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, ItalyINH Intelligent Networking HubINIS International Nuclear Information SystemINKA Individual Network Region KarlsruheINM Integrated Network ManagementINMARSAT International Maritime Satellite OrganizationINMS Integrated Network Management ServicesINN International Network NewsINOC Internet Network Operations CenterINPO In No Particular Order (Slang)INRIA Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en AutomatiqueINS Input StringINS Instance ObjectINSB Internet Services for the BlindINT Interrupt, Internal, Integer, InterrogativeINTA International Trademark AssociationINTA Interrupt AcknowledgeINTAP Interoperability Technology Association for Information ProcessingINTELSAT International Telecommunications Satellite OrganizationINWG International/Internet Working GroupIO Input/Output, I/OIOAPIC Input Output Advanced Programmable Interrupt ControllerIOAT Input Output Acceleration TechnologyIOC Initial Operational CapabilityIOC Input Output ControllerIOCS Input/Output Control SystemIOCTL Input/Output ControlIOD Information Object DefinitionIOD Intelligence On DemandIODE Issue Of Data EphemerisIOE Input Output EngineIOFEXT Input Output Far End Crosstalk

293IOIIOIIOIIOMMUIONLIOPIOPIOPLIORIOSIOSIOSIOSGAIOTIOTAIOTPIOWIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPIPAIPAIPAEIPARSIPAVSIPCIPCIPCIPCIPCAIPCIIPCPIPDSIPESInput Output Interconnect/Interface/InterruptIntegrated Operator InterfaceInternational Olympiad in InformaticsInput Output Memory Management UnitInternal Organization of the Network Layer (OSI)Input Output ProcessorInternal OperationInput/Output Priviledge LevelIndian Ocean RegionInput Output SubsystemInternational Organization for StandardizationInternetwork Operating System (CISCO)Input/Output Support Gate ArrayInter-Office TrunkIslands On The AirInternet Open Trading ProtocolIn Other Words (Slang)Image ProcessingInformation ProviderInstruction PointerInteger ProgrammingIntellectual PropertyIntelligent PeripheralInteractive ProofInternet Protocol (TCP/IP)Interrupt ProcessFraunhofer-Institut für Produktionstechnik und AutomatisierInternational Phonetic AlphabetIP Address EncapsulationInternational Passenger Airline Reservation SystemIP-Adressen-Verwaltungs-SystemInstructions Per ClockIntegrated Passive ComponentInter Personal ComputerInterprocess CommunicationInternet Parallel Computing ArchiveIndustrial PCIInternet Protocol Control ProtocolIBM/Intelligent Printer Data StreamImproved Proposed Encryption Standard

294ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIIPF Information Presentation FacilityIPG In Plane Gate TransistorIPG Inter Packet GapIPI Image Processing and InterchangeIPI Intelligent Peripheral InterfaceIPI International Payment InstructionIPIP Internet Protocol within Internet ProtocolIPL Information Processing LanguageIPL Initial Program LoaderIPL Interrupt Priority LevelIPLS IP-Only LAN-Like ServiceIPM Intelligent Power Mode/Module/MOS, Interpersonal MessageIPMI Intelligent Platform Management InterfaceIPMP Intellectual Property Management and ProtectionIPMV95 Integrated Packet Trunk Module V.95 InterfaceIPNG Internet Protocol Next Generation (IPv6)IPNS ISDN PBX Networking SpecificationIPOC Interim Policy Oversight CommitteeIPON Intelligent Passive Optical NetworkIPP Intel Primitive Performance (Library)IPP Internet Presence ProviderIPP Internet Printing ProtocolIPPV Impulse/Instant Pay Per ViewIPR Intellectual Property RightsIPRB Intellectual Property Review BoardIPS Image Packaging SystemIPS In Plane Switching (panel)IPS inch per secondIPS Internet Privacy StandardIPS Intrusion Prevention SystemIPSE Integrated Project Support EnvironmentIPSEC Internet Protocol Security ProtocolIPSI (Fraunhofer-Institut für) Integrierte Publikations- und InformatioIPT Immersive Projection TechnologyIPTC International Press Telecommunications CouncilIPTO Information Processing Techniques/Technology OfficeIPTV Internet Protocol TelevisionIPU Imposition Processing UnitIPV4 Internet Protocol Version 4IPV6 Internet Protocol Version 6 (= IPng)

295IPVRIPWIPXIPXCPIQLIQMSIRIRIRIRIRACIRAFIRASIRAWIRBIRBIRCIRCIRCIRDIRDIRDAIRDSIRGIRICEIRIGIRISIRISIRISIRLIRLIRLEDIRMIRQIRRIRRIRSIRSIRSIRSInst. für parallele und verteilte Höchstleistungsrechner, StuttgIncremental Packet WritingInternetwork Packet Exchange (Novell)Internetwork Packet Exchange Control ProtocolInteractive Query LanguageIntegrated Quality Management SystemInformation Request/RetrievalInfrared, InfrarotIntermediate RepresentationInternet RegistryIndpendent Review Advisory CommitteeImage Reduction and Analysis FacilityI Really Am Sorry (Slang)Idle Read After WriteInstruction Recoder BufferInstrumentation Request BrokerInternational Record CarrierInternational Reply CouponInternet Relay ChatIntegrated Receiver Decoder (TV)Internet Resource DirectoryInfrared Data AssociationInformation Resources Dictionary SystemImplicit RegenerationIntegrated Remote Interface Control ElementInterrange Instrumentation GroupInfrastructure for Resilient Internet SystemsIntelligent Reference Information SystemInterregional Information Society InitiativeIn Real Life (Slang)Inter Repeater LinkInfrared Light Emitting DiodeInformation Rights/Resource ManagementInformation/Interrupt RequestInformation Request ResponseInternet Routing RegistryInformation Retrieval SystemInterchange Record SeparatorInternal Revenue ServiceIntrusion Response System

296ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIIRSGIRTIRTFIRVISISISISISISISISISAISAISAISAISAISAISAKMPISAMISAPIISBDISBNISBTISCISCISCAISCBISCSIISDISDISDISDNISDNISDNISFETISFTISHISIISIInternet Research Steering GroupInstitut für Rundfunktechnik, MünchenInternet Research Task ForceInternational Reference VersionIn ServiceInformation Separator/Sevices/SystemIntegrated ServiceIntensity StereoInteractive Service (Telecommunication)Intermediate SystemInternational Standard (ISO)Interrupt StatusIndustry Standard ArchitectureInformationssystem Studienwahl und Arbeitsmarkt, Duisburg/EssInstruction Set ArchitectureIntegrated Services ArchitectureInteractive Services AssociationInternet Security and Acceleration (Server)Internet Security Association Key Management ProtocolIndex/Indexed Sequential Access MethodInternet Server APIInternational Standard Bibliographic DescriptionInternational Standard Book NumberIt’s Strange But True (Slang)Instruction Set ComputerInternet Service CenterInternational Symposium on Computer ArchitectureInteressengemeinschaft sehgeschädigter ComputerbenutzerInternet SCSIImage Section DescriptorInstructional System DesignInternational Standard Data NetworkIntegrated Services Digital NetworkIsosorbitdinitratIst sowas denn nötig? (Slang)Ionensensitiver FeldeffekttransitorIndustrial Siemens Flatpanel TechnologyInformation SuperhighwayInformation Sciences Institute of the University of Southern CalifoInformation Society Index

297ISIISIISIISINISISISISISLISLISLISLISMISMAISMPISMSISNISNSISOISOCISODEISPISPISPISPISPISPBXISPFISPIISPLSIISPOISQITISRISRISRISRCISRNISSAISSCCISSEISSEISSIInstitute for Scientific Information, USAInter Symbol InterferenceInternally Specified IndexInternational Securities Identification NumberIntermediate System to Intermediate System Protocol (OSI)Industrial Signature Interoperability SpecificationImperceptible Structured LightInitial System LoaderInteractive System LanguageIntersatellite LinkIndustrial, Scientific, Medical (Applications)Internet Streaming Media AllianceInternet Message Support ProtocolInformation Security Management SystemInternet School/Shopping NetworkingInternet Storage Naming ServiceInternational Standardization OrganizationInternet SocietyISO Development Environment (OSI)Image Synthesis ProcessorInternational Standardized ProfileInternet Service ProviderInterrupt Stack PointerInterrupt Status PortISDN Private Branche ExchangeInteractive Structured Programming Facility (IBM)Institut für Integrierte Publikationssysteme, Darmstadtin-system-programmable LSIInformation Society Project OfficeInformation Systems Quality Improvement TeamInformation Storage and RetrievalIntermediate Session RoutingInterrupt Service RoutineInternational Standard Recording CodeInternational Standard Recording NumberInformation Systems Security AssociationInternational Solid State Circuits ConferenceInformation Security Solutions EuropeInternet Streaming SIMD ExtensionIndividual Short Subscriber Identity

298ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIISSNISSOISSPISSPISSSISSTISTISTISTFISTFISTMISTOISTPAISTRISUISUGISUPISUSISVISVRISWIMISWLISWYMITITAITAITAITAITAAITACITBITBITCITCITCITEITEITFITGITGInternational Standard Serial NumberInformation System Security OfficerInter-Switch Signalling ProtocolInternet Satellite Service ProviderIBM Speech Server Services(Fraunhofer-)Institut für Software- und SystemtechnikInformation Society Technologies (Programme)Internet Transaction ServerInternet Science and Technology FairInternet Societal Task ForceIt Seems To Me (Slang)Information Science and Technology OfficeInternational Security, Trust + Privacy AllianceI Seem To Remember (Slang)Industry Solution Unit (IBM)International SGML/XML Users’ GroupISDN User PartInformation Services and User Support (DFN)Independent Software VendorIntel Smart Video RecorderIf you See What I MeanInternational Short Wave LeagueI See What You Mean (Slang)Information Technology, InformationstechnikIntend To Adopt (Debian)Interface Test AdapterInterim Type ApprovalInternational Telegraphy AlphabetInformation Technology Association of AmericaISDN Terminal Adapter CircuitInformation Technology BranchIntermediate Text BlockIndependent Television CommissionIntelliCAD Technology ConsortiumInternational Telegraph CodeInformationstechnische EinrichtungInternal Terminal EmulatorIsochronous TransferInformationstechnische Gesellschaft im VDEInformationstechnische Grundausbildung

299ITHEITIITIFITKITLBITMITOITOITOTITPITRITRSITSITSITSITSITSITSITSECITSEMITSKITSOITSPITSTCITTITTITUITUITUGITVITWITXIUIUGIUKIUKDGIUMAIUPAPIURIUSInternational Travel Host ExchangeInteractive Terminal InterfaceInformation Technology and Innovation FoundationInformationstechnik und TelekommunikationInstruction TLBInternet Transaction MixIndium Tin OxideIntend To Orphan (Debian)ISO Transport Service on top of TCPIntent To Package (Debian)Internet Talk RadioInternational Roadmap for SemiconductorsIncompatible Time-Sharing SystemInstitute for Telecommunication Sciences, USAIntelligent Transport SystemInternational Telecommunications SocietyInternationalization Tag Set(NIST) Internet Time ServiceInformation Technology Security Evaluation Criteria/CertificaInformation Technology Security Evaluation ManualIT Sicherheitskriterien (Grünbuch)Information Technology Security Office, Indiana UniversityInternet Telephony Service ProviderInformation Technology Steering CommitteeInternet, Television, TelephoneInvitation To Transmit (Arcnet)Intelligent Thermal UpdateInternational Telecommunication UnionInternational Telecommunications Users’ GroupInteractive TelevisionIn The WildIntermediate Text BlockInteger UnitInformix User GroupInformation und KommunikationInformations- und Kommunikationsdienste-GesetzInternet Underground Music ArchiveInternational Union of Pure and Applied PhysicsInternational User RequirementsInterchange Unit Separator

300ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIIUTYIVIVIVBIVBBIVCIVCAIVDLANIVHSIVISIVNIVNMIVODIVPIVRIVSIVSIVTIVVIVWIWIWBNIIWFIWUIWVIXIXAIXCIXFIXIIXPIYBIYSWIMIZTIt’s Up To You (Slang)Initialisation VectorInteressenverbundIndividuelle VerkehrsbeeinflussungInformationsverbund Bonn-BerlinInter-Vehicle CommunicationInternational Visual Communication AssociationIntegrated Voice and Data Local Area NetworkIntelligent Vehicle Highway SystemInteractive Video Information SystemIntervening NetworkInteressenverband Neue MedienInteractive Video On DemandInstallation Verification ImageInteractive Voice Recognition/ResponseIBM VerkabelungssystemInteractive Visualization SystemInterrupt Vector TableIndependent Verification and ValidationInformationsgemeinschaft zur Feststellung der Verbreitung von WInformation WarfareIt Would Be Nice If (Slang)Impulswahlverfahren (Telefon)Interworking UnitImpulswahlverfahrenInternet ExchangeInternet Exchange ArchitectureInterexchange CarrierIntegrated Exchange FormatInternational X.25 InterconnectInternet Exchange PointIn Your Basket (Slang)If You See What I Mean (Slang)Institut für Zukunftsstudien und TechnologiebewertungJJ2EEJ2SEJAJava, Japan, JobJava 2 Enterprise EditionJava 2 Standard EditionJump Address

301JAASJADJAEJAMJAMJANETJAPJARJASONJAUAJAXPJBCEJBCEJBDJBIGJBODJCAJCALSJCBJCCJCEJCLJCPJCSJCTJDJDBJDBCJDCJDKJECCJEDECJEIDAJESJESAJESSIJFCJFETJFFSJFIFJava Authentication and Authorization ServiceJoint Application DesignJava Application EnvironmentJust A Minute (Slang)Jyacc Application ManagerJoint Academic Network, EnglandJava Anon ProxyJava ArchiveJournal Articles Sent On DemandJust Another Useless Answer (Slang)Java API for XML ProcessingJapan Business Council in EuropeJavaBean Calculation EngineJournaling Block DeviceJoint Bilevel Image GroupJust a Bunch Of DiscsJava Connection ArchitectureJoint Computer Aided Acquisition and Logistic Support SystemJob Conrol BlockJava Competence CenterJava Cryptography ExtensionJob Control Language (IBM)Java Community ProcessJob Control Statement/SystemJob Control TableJulian Date/DayJava DebuggerJava Data Base ConnectivityJapanese Digital CellularJava Developers/Development KitJapan Electronic Computer CenterJoint Electronic Devices Engineering CouncilJapan/Japanese Electronics Industry Development AssociationJob Entry SubsystemJapan Engineering Standard AssociationJoint European Submicron Silicon InitiativeJava Foundation ClassJohnson/Junction Field Effect TransistorJournalling Flash File SystemJPEG File Interchange Format

302ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIJFSJFSJGFETJIBJICJICSTJIDJIFJITJJJJJMMDJMPJMSJMSJNDIJNDSPIJNIJOLJOSSJOTAJPDAJPEGJPLJPLJPLJREJRTSJSDKJSJSJSCJSFJSGFJSHJSMJSMLJSNMJSPJSPJournal/Journaled/Journalling/Java File SystemJumbo Frame SupportJunction Gate Field Effect TransistorJob Information BlockJust In Case (Slang)Japan Information Center of Science and TechnologyJabber IdentifierJournal Impact FactorJust In Time (Compiler)Josephson JunctionJust Joking (Slang)Jokes Make My Day (Slang)Job Monitor ProtocolJava Messaging ServiceJob Management SystemJava Naming and Directory InterfaceJava Naming and Directory Service Provider InterfaceJava Native InterfaceJob Orientation LanguageJoint Object Services SubmissionJamboree On The AirJava Platform Debugging ArchitectureJoint Photographic Experts GroupJava Perl LingoJet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, USAJyacc Procedural LanguageJava Runtime EnvironmentJava Real Time SystemJava Servlet Development KitJavaScriptJumper SettingJob Status codeJabber Software FoundationJava Speech Grammar FormatJob control ShellJob Stream ManagerJava Speech Markup LanguageJust Stark Naked Magic (Slang)Jackson Structured ProgrammingJava Server Page/Pages

303JSQLJSSJSSEJTJTAGJTAMJTAPJTAPIJTCJTMJTRSJTSJUBLJUDJUGJUGDJUGFETJUMPJUNETJUSTJVJVMJVNCJVTJWSJXTAJava SQLJavaScript Style SheetJava Secure Socket ExtensionJob TableJoint Test Action GroupJob and Transfer ManipulationJTC1 TAG Application Portability Study GroupJava Telephony Application Programming InterfaceJoint Technical Committee (ISO/IEC)Job Transfer and Management/ManipulationJoint Tactical Radio System, USAJava Transaction ServiceJülicher BlueGene/L (Supercomputer)Jabber User DirectoryJava User GroupJava User Group DeutschlandJunction Gate Field Effect TransistorJava User Migration PathJapan/Japanese UNIX NetworkJoint Users of Siemens TelecommunicationsJob VariableJava Virtual MachineJohn-von-Neumann (Super-Computer-) CenterJoint Video TeamJava WorkshopJuxtapose (Sun)KKey, Kilo, KommunikationK12 Kindergarten through 12th grade, K-12KA Kamikaze (packet)KA Keine Ahnung (no idea)KA Key AccountKA Knowledge Access/Acquisition/ArchitectureKA KommunikationsausrüstungKAD Knowledge Aided DesignKAD KontoauszugsdruckerKADB Kernel Assembly DebuggerKADM Kerberos Administration (server)KADS Knowledge Analysis and Design System

304ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIKAIKALUGKAMKAOSKAPKAPSEKASKBKBKBKBEKBPSKBSKCKCCKCDKCLKCPKCSKDKDCKDDKDEKDFKDSKDSKDTKEKEAKEDKESKEWLKFKGIKHMKIKIBOKIKKISKISKurzweil Applied IntelligenceKarlsruhe Linux User GroupKnowledge Aided ManufacturingKent Applicative Operating SystemKernel Andorra PrologKernel Ada Program Support EnvironmentKerberos Authentication ServerKeyboardKilobyteKnowledge BaseKnowledge Based EngineeringKilobit/byte per secondKnowledge Based SystemKids’ ComputerKeyboard Communications ConcentratorKernel Cousin DebianKyoto Common LispKernel Control PathKansas City StandardKnowledge DiscoveryKey Distribution CenterKnowledge Discovery in DatabasesKDE Desktop EnvironmentKnowledge Discovery FrameworkKnowledge Discovery SystemKommunikationsdatensatzKey Definition TableKnowledge EconomyKey Exchange AlgorithmKundenenddokumentationKey Escrow SystemKnowledge Environment for Web-based LearningKnopflerfishKernel Graphics InterfaceKunsthochschule für Medien, KölnKünstliche IntelligenzKnowledge In, Bullshit Out (Slang)Kommunaler Info-KanalKernel Information/Intrusion SystemKnowbot Information Service

305KISS Keep It Simple/Small and Stupid/SimpleKIT Kernel Software for Intelligent TerminalsKJM Kommission für JugendmedienschutzKK Konnektivitäts-KoordinationKLNG Knowledge-supported Line Network Global (Vectorization)KLO Knowledge Level ObjectKLOC Kilo Lines Of CodeKM Knowledge Management/MismanagementKMMT Kompetenzzentrum Multimedia und Telematik, TübingenKMS Key Management ServerKMS Knowledge Management SystemKMU Kleine und Mittlere UnternehmenKNAS Kerberos Network Authentication ServiceKNF Konjunktive NormalformKNI Katmai New InstructionsKOALA Konstanzer Ausleih- und AnfragesystemKOP Kontaktplan (DIN 19 239)KPA Key Process AreaKPI Key Performance IndicatorKQML Knowledge Query and Manipulation LanguageKOS Keep On Smiling (Slang)KOS Kernel/Kohler Operating SystemKOS Key Object SelectionKR Knowledge RepresentationK&R Kernighan + RitchieKRC Kent Recursive CalculatorKRITIS (Arbeitsgruppe) Kritische InfrastrukturenKRS Knowledge Retrieval System, Kernighan + Ritchie StandardKS Session KeyKSAM Keyed Sequential Access MethodKSK Key Signing KeyKSR Keyboard Send ReceiveKT KommunikationstechnikKTA Korean Telecommunication AuthorityKTK Kommission für den Ausbau des technischen KommunikationKU Unit KeyKÜFUST KüstenfunkstelleKUUG Karlsruher UNIX User GroupKV Kabelverzweiger, Karnaugh Veitch (Diagramm)KVM Kernel-based Virtual Machine

306ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIKVMKVNOKVPKVZKWKWIMKWIPSKZKKZUKeyboard, Video, MouseKey Version NumberKontinuierlicher VerbesserungsprozessKabelverzweigerKurzwelle, KurzwahlKnow What I Mean? (Slang)Kilo Whetstones Per SecondKlasse - Zuständigkeit - KooperationKennzeichenumsetzerLL2CAPL2FL2TPLALALALALALAALABLABNETLACLACCLACPLADLADDRLADELADSPALADTLAESLAFLAGLAILAILAICSLALLLALRLALRLine, Link, Linux, Local, Logic, LowLogical Link and Control Adaptation ProtocolLayer 2 ForwardingLayer 2 Tunneling ProtocolLAN AnalyzerLicense ApplicationLicense/Licensing Administration/AdministratorLocation AreaLogical AddressLocally Administered AddressLogic Array BlockLaboratory Broadband NetworkL2TP Access ControllerLos Alamos Computer CodeLink Aggregation Control ProtocolLeistungsanschlusseinheit, digitalLayered Device Driver ArchitectureLanguage Definition EnvironmentLinux Audio Developer’s Simple Plug-in APILocal Area Data TransportLawfully Authorized Electronic SurveillanceLook And Feel (L&F)Link Aggregate GroupLAN Automatic InventoryLocation Area IdentityLos Alamos Integrated Communications SystemLongest Allowed Lobe LengthLexically Assign, Logically RefineLook Ahead Left Right

307LAMLAMLAMPSLANLANANALANCLANCLANDSATLANELANLLANUGLAPLAPLAPBLAPDLAPFLAPFLAPICLAPMLAPSLARLARCLARPLARSLARTLASLASERLASICLASTLATLATALATMLAULAVCLAVMSLAWNLBALBALBBLBCLobe Attachment UnitLocal Area MulticomputerLinux, Apache, MySQL, PHP, SSLLocal Area NetworkLinux Assigned Names And Numbers AuthorityLocal Application Control Bus SystemLocal Area Network Control (Sony)Land-use SatelliteLocal Area Network Emulation/EmulatorLos Alamos National Laboratory, USALos Alamos NeXT Users GroupLink Access Profile/Protocol/ProcedureLower Address Part (Bluetooth)Link Access Procedure for Balanced ModeLink Access Procedure for the D-ChannelLink Access Procedure Framed ModeLink Access Protocol for Frame Mode Bearer ServicesLocal Advanced Programmable Interrupt ControllerLink Access Protocol for ModemsLocal Area Network Adapter and Protocol Support (IBM)Load Access RightLivermore Automatic Research ComputerLive Action Role PlayingLinux Accessibility Resource SiteLoser/Luser Attitude Readjustment ToolLibrary Access SystemLight Amplification by Stimulated Emission of RadiationLaser Application Specific Integrated CircuitLocal Area Storage Transport (DEC)Local Area Transport (DEC)Local Access and Transmit/Transport AreaLPI Approved Training MaterialsLobe Access UnitLocal Area VAX ClusterLos Alamos Voice Messaging SystemLocal Area Wireless NetworkLinear Beschränkter AutomatLogical Block AddressingLogic Building BlockLocal Bus Controller

308ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNILBMLBRVLBSLBTLBTLBVLBXLCLCLCLCLCLCLCLCALCALCCLCCMLCDLCFLCFLCFLCFLCFLCGLCGLCHULCILCILCIMLCLLCMLCMLCNLCNLCOMLCOSLCPLCRLCRDLocal Bus MasterLow Bit Rate VoiceLocation Based ServicesListen Before TalkLocal Bus TargetLeistungsbedarfsvorhersageLow Bandwidth XLate CounterLibrary of Congress, USALiquid CrystalLive CameraLocal Changes/ControlLow ComplexityLower CaseLogic Cell ArrayLosely Coupled ArchitectureLinux Core ConsortiumLAN Client Control ManagerLiquid Crystal Device/DisplayLAN Configuration FacilityLightweight Client FrameworkLocation ConfirmationLogic for Computable FunctionsLow Cost FiberLarge Hadron Collider Computing Grid, CERN, GenfLinear Congruential (random number) GeneratorLow Cost Home UserLife Cycle IntegrationLogical Channel IndentifierLife Cycle Information ManagementLocal ClockLEAF Creation MethodLife Cycle ManagementLocal Control NetworkLogical Channel NumberLack of Cohesion in MethodsLiquid Crystal On SiliconLink Control Protocol (Internet)Least/Low Cost Router/RoutingLow Cost Removable Drive

309LCSLCSLCSLCSCLCSHLCULDLDLDALDALDAPLDCMLDFLDGLDIFLDIPLDLNLDMLDNLDPLDPLDPLDRLDRLDRILDSLDSLDSLDSGLDSLLDSSLDTLDTLDTRLDTRCLDTVLDUPLELELELinux Compatibility StandardLiquid Cooling SystemLiquid Crystal ShutterLocal Carrier Service CenterLibrary of Congress Subject HeadingsLast Cluster UsedLong DistanceLow DelayLocal Delivery AgentLogical Device AddressLightweight Directory Access ProtocolLAN Desk Client Manager (Intel)Linear Display FileLos Alamos DebuggerLDAP Data Interchange FormatLaboratory Data Integrity ProgramLong Distance Learning NetworkLong Distance ModemLinux Standard Base Developer NetworkLabel Distribution Protocol(The) Linux Documentation ProjectLoader Debugger ProtocolLight Dependent ResistorLong Distance RelationshipLow Dynamic Range ImageLandesamt für Datenverarbeitung und StatistikLogical Data StructureLotus Discovery ServerLandesdatenschutzgesetzLow Speed ISDN Digital Subscriber LineLow-dimensional Semiconductor StructureLightning Data TransportLocal Descriptor TableLoad Descriptor Table RegisterLoad Descriptor Table Register CacheLimited Definition TelevisionLDAP Duplication and Update (Protocol)Light/Limited EditionLink EncapsulationLogical Element/Extent

310ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNILEALEAFLEAFLEAPLEARPLECLECLECSLEDLEFLELLEMLEMLEMFLEMPLENLEOLEOLEOSARLEPLEPSLERLESLESLESCLFLFLFLFLFALFAPLFFLFILFKLFMLFNLFNLFOLFPLFSLaw Enforcement AgencyLarge Effective Area FiberLaw Enforcement Access FieldLightweight Extensible Authentication ProtocolLAN Emulation Address Resolution ProtocolLAN Emulation ClientLocal Exchange CarrierLAN Emulation Client/Configuration Server/ServiceLight Emitting DiodeLibrary Exchange FormatLink Embedded and Launch-to-editLanguage Extension ModuleLink Error MonitorLaw Enforcement Monitoring FacilityLightning Electromagnetic PulseLow Entry Networking/NodeLink Everything OnlineLow Earth Orbit/OrbitingLow Earth Orbit Search And RescueLight Emitting PolymerLancom Enhanced Passphrase SecurityLight Emitting ResistorLAN Emulation Server/ServiceLand-ErdfunkstelleLondon E-Science CenterLifetime FailureLine FeedLogin FacilityLow FrequencyLog File AnalysisLightweight Flow Admission ProtocolLarge Form FactorLast File IndicatorLandesanstalt für KommunikationLow Frequency ModeLogical File NameLong File NamesLow Frequency OscillatorLarge Format PrintingLarge File Support

311LFSLFSLFSLFSLFSALFSRLFULGALGFTLGMRLGNLGPLLHLHSLILILICLICSLIDLIDARLIDSLIEPLIFLIFELIFOLIILILOLIMLIMLIMLIMBLIMDOWLIMSLINLINFOLINQLINXLIPLIPLIPLinux From ScratchLinux Log File SystemLocal File SystemLog-structured File SystemList of Frequently Seen AcronymsLinear Feedback Shift RegisterLeast Frequently UsedLow Gain AntennaLie Group Fourier TransformLaser Guided Magnetical RecordingLogical Group NodeLibrary/Lesser General Public License (GNU)Link HeaderLeft Hand SideLawful InterceptionLength IndicationLogical Link ControlLotus International Character SetLogical Input DeviceLight Detection And RangingLinux Intrusion Detection SystemLarge Internet Exchange Packet (Novell)Low Insertion ForceLaboratory of International Fuzzy EngineeringLast In, First Out (Speicher)Linux Internationalisation InititativeLast In, Last Out (Speicher)Light Intensity ModulationLoad Information ManagerLotus, Intel, MicrosoftListing of Molecular Biology DatabasesLaser Intensity Modulation Direct OverwriteLaboratory/Library Information Management SystemLocal Interconnect NetworkThe Linux Information ProjectLanguage Integrated QueryLondon Internet ExchangeLarge Internet PacketLine Interconnection PointLoop Initialization Protocol

312ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNILIPS Lightweight Internet Person SchemaLIPS Logical Inferences/Instructions Per SecondLIPX Large Internet Packet ExchangeLIR Library of International RelationsLIR Line ReferenceLIR Local Internet RegistryLIRA Learning Information Retrieval AgentLIRC Linux Infrared Remote ControlLIS Logical IP SubnetworkLISA Localization Industry Standards AssociationLISP List Processing (Language/Program)LISP Lots of Irritating Superfluous ParenthesesLITA Library and Information Technology Association, USALIVE Linux Verband e. V., FrickenhausenLK LinienkopplerLKCD Linux Kernel Crash DumpLKM Loadable Kernel ModuleLKML Linux Kernel Mailing ListLKP Local Knowledge PoolLKS Loadable Kernel ServerLL Leased LineLL Local LoopbackLLA Latitude, Longitude, AltitudeLLA Link Level AccessLLC Logical Link ControlLLC Low Layer CompatibilityLLC2 Logical Link Control Class 2LLF Least Laxity FirstLLF Low Level FormatLLG Lesser Linux GodLLH Logical Link HeaderLLNL Lawrence Livermoore National Laboratory, USALLOC Lines Of CodeLLP Link Layer ProtocolLLP Live Long and Prosper (Slang)LLR Least-Loaded RouteLLS Linear Least SquaresLLTA Lots and Lots of Thundering Applause (Slang)LLU Link Local UseLMAO Laughing My Ass Off (Slang)

313LMBLMBLMBCSLMDOLMDSLMELMFLMFLMILMKLMOSLMPLMPLMRLMSLMSLMSLMSCLMTPLMULNLNALNAILNBLNCLNCSLNGLNILNOVLNPLNSLOLOALOAFLOBLOCLOCLOCLOCISLODLine Mode BrowserLocal Master BrowserLotus Multibyte Character SetLaughing My Diaper Off (Slang)Local Multipoint Distribution ServiceLayer Management EntityLocal Media FormatLogical MainframeLocal Management InterfaceLangwelle, Mittelwelle, KurzwelleLoop Maintenace Operations SystemLayer Management ProtocolLink Manager/Management ProtocolLand Mobile RadioLaser Magnetic StorageLearning Management SystemLicense Management Service (OSF)LAN/MAN Standards Committee (IEEE)Local Mail Transfer ProtocolLogical Network Management UnitLogical NetworkLow Noise AmplifierLecture Notes in Artificial IntelligenceLow Noise Block ConverterLow Noise ConverterLecture Notes in Computer ScienceLine Network Global (Vectorization)Lecture Notes of InformaticsLine Network Orientied VectorizationLocal Network ProtocolL2TP Network ServerLocal OscillatorLetter Of AssuranceLinux On A FloppyLarge ObjectLibrary Of Congress, USALine(s) Of CodeLoop On-Line ControlLibrary Of Congress Information System, USALevel Of Detail

314ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNILOF List Of FiguresLOF Loss of FrameLOI Letter Of IntentLOL Laughing Out Loud (Slang)LOL List Of ListsLOL Lots Of Luck (Slang)LOM LAN On Mainboard/MotherboardLOM Learning Object MetadataLON Local Operating NetworkLOOPS LISP Object Oriented Programming SystemLOP Logikplan (DIN 19 239/40 719)LOP Loss of Pointer/PowerLORAN Long Range Aid to NavigatorsLORE Line Oriented EditorLOS Line Of SightLOS Loss Of SignalLOT List Of TablesLOWFER Low Frequency Experimental RadioLP Line PrinterLP Linear/Logic ProgrammingLP Logical PartitionLP Long PlayLP Low Power/ProfileLPA Logarithmic Periodical AntennaLPAC Lossless Predictive Audio CompressionLPB Local Peripheral BusLPC Linear Predictive CodingLPC Local Procedure CallLPC Low Pin Count (Interface)LPD LandespostdirektionLPD Line Printer Daemon (UNIX)LPD Low Power DeviceLPI lines per inchLPI Linux Professional InstituteLPI Lower Prediction IntervalLPIC Linux Professional Institute CertificationLPL Lotus Programming LanguageLPM lines per minuteLPM Low Power ModeLPN Logical Page Number

315LPOLPPLPPBLPPLLPQLPRSLPSLPSLPTLPTFLPTSLQLQMLQRLRCLRCLRELRELRELRILRJLRPLRPCLRQLRULRULRZLSLSALSALSALSALSBLSBLSBLSCLSCLSCDLSDLSDVLogical Post OfficeLicensed Program ProductLand Pre Pit Level before RecordingLaTeX Project Public LicenseLine Printer QueueLow Power Radio Servicelines per secondLow Power Schottky (Semiconductor)Line PrinterLaboratoire Primaire du Temps et des FrequencesLow Power Time SourceLetter QualityLink Quality MonitoringLink Quality ReportLocal Register CacheLongitudinal Redundancy CheckLeft to Right EmbeddingLimited Regular ExpressionLong Reach EthernetLeast Recently LoadedLocation RejectLinux Router ProjectLightweight Remote Procedure CallLocation RequestLeast Recently UsedLowest Replaceable UnitLeibniz-Rechenzentrum MünchenLocation ServicesLine Sharing AdapterLocal Security AuthorityLink State Algorithm/Advertisementlötfrei – schraubfrei – abisolierfreiLeast Significant BitLinux Standard BaseLower Side BandLeast Significant CharacterLive Sequence ChartLicensed Status Confirmation DocumentLeast Significant DigitLink Segment Delay Value

316ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNILSFLSFLSILSIDLSLLSMLSMLSMLSOLSPLSPLSPLSRLSRLSRLSRLSRLSRLSRLSRLSRLSTLSVLSXLSZLSZHLTLTLTLTALTCCLTDCLTELTILTILTMLTNSLTOLTPLTPLoad Sharing FacilityLog Structured File (Array)Large Scale IntegrationLocal Session IdentifierLink Support LayerLinux Security ModuleLinux Software MapLogical Storage ManagerLinux Standards OrganizationLink State Packet/PDULinux Support PackageLocal Support ProviderLabel/Load Switch/Switched/Switching RouterLeast Squares RegressionLink State Request/RoutingLinux Software Resources/ReviewLoad Shifting ResistorLocal Service RequestLogical Shift RightLogical Storage ResourceLoose Source RouteLinux Support TeamLow Speed VariantLotus Script ExtensionsLeitungschlüsselzahlLow Smoke Zero Halogen (Kabel)LaGrande TechnologyLease TimeLink TrailerLaptop AccessLow Temperature Cofired CeramicLong Term Data CollectionLong Term EvolutionLaser Thermal ImagingLinear Time Invariant (system)Long Term MemoryLong Time No See (Slang)Linear Tape OpenLinux Test ProjectLong Term Plan/Prediction/Program

317LTPSLTSLTSLTSCLTSPLTVLULUALUBLUFLUFSLUGLUILUKSLUMLUNLUNILUPLUTLUTLUUGLVLVLVDLVDSLVMLVNLVSLWLWLWAPPLWCLWDMOLWDRMLWELWIRLWLLWLLWNLWPLow Temperature PolysiliconLocal Time Server/ServiceLong Term SupportLearning Technology Standards CommitteeLinux Terminal Server ProjectLight To VoltageLogical UnitLimited User AccountLeast Upper BoundLowest Usable FrequencyLinux Userland File SystemLinux/Local User GroupLive User InterfaceLinux Unified Key SetupLinux User ManagementLogical Unit NumberLAN Emulation User Network InterfaceLanguage UpgradeLocal User TerminalLook Up TableLunar UNIX Users GroupLogical VolumeLow VoltageLow Voltage Differential (SCSI)Low Voltage Differential Sensing/Signal/Signalling/SCSI/SwinLogical Volume ManagerLandesverwaltungsnetz Baden-WürttembergLinux Virtual ServerLangwelle, Long WaveLong Wire AntennaLightweight Access Point ProtocolLift Window ControlLead Writing Device - Manual Option (vulgo Bleistift)Light Weight Digital Rights ManagementLinux World Conference + ExpoLong Wave InfraredLichtwellenleiterLong Wave LaserLinux Weekly NewsLightweight Process

318ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNILWXLZLZHLZMALZSSLZWLAN WAN ExchangeLeerzeichen (space)Lempel, Ziv, Huffman (Algorithm)Lempel, Ziv, Markow AlgorithmLempel, Ziv, Storer, Szymanski (Algorithm)Lempel, Ziv, Welch (Algorithm)MMM2FMM2MMAMAMABMABIMACMACMACMACMACMACMACMACMACMACEMACFMACPMACSMACSMACULMADCAPMADSLMAEMAEMAFMAGRAMMANMANMANETManage, Memory, Message, Mobile, Mode, MultiMeldeleitungModified Double Frequency ModulationMachine To MachineManagement AgentMasterMaschinelles Austauschformat für BibliothekenMacintosh Application Binary InterfaceMachine Aided CognitionMainframe Attachment ControllerMaintaining Arc ConsistencyMandatory/Medium/Media/Memory Access Control/ControllerMembership Advisory CommitteeMessage Authentication Check/CodeMulti Access ComputerMultiplexed Analogue ComponentsMultiply Accumulate/Accumulator (Command, Unit)Middleware Architectural Committee for EducationMandatory Access Control FrameworkMotion Adaptive Color PlusMixed Aloha Carrier SenseModem Access Control SystemMichigan Association of Computer Users in LearningMulticast Address Dynamic Client Allocation ProtocolMargin Adaptive Digital Subscriber LineMacintosh Application EnvironmentMetropolitan Area ExchangeMozilla Archive FormatMagnetic Random Access MemoryManchester (Coding)Metropolitan Area NetworkMobile Adhoc Network

319MANIACMAPMAPMAPMAPMAPMAPMAPIMAPICSMAPSMAPTOPMARMARBIMARCMARIDMARPMARPAMARSMARSMARSMASMASMASCMASERMASIMASMMASSMASSMATIPMATRIXMAUMAUMAVTMAZMBMBMBAMBAMBCMBCSMathematical Analyzer, Numerical Integrator, and ComputerMaintenance Analysis ProcedureManufacturing Automation ProtocolManufacturing PackageMesh Access PointMessage Access ProtocolMobile Application PartMail/Message/Messaging Application Programmer/ProgrammiManufacturing, Accounting and Production Information ContrMail Abuse Prevention SystemMAP Technical Office ProtocolMemory Address RegisterMachine-Readable Bibliographic Information (Committee)Machine-Readable Cataloging/CodeMTA Authorization Records In DNSMulti LAN Address Resolution ProtocolMini Automatic Radar Plotting AidMessage Archiving and Retrieval ServiceMilitary Affiliate Radio SystemMulticast Address Resolution ServerMicrosoft Anti-SpywareMulti Agent SystemMulticast Address-Set Claim (Protocol)Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation(Laboratoire de) Modelisation et d’Architecture des Systemes IMacro Assembler (Microsoft)Mass Storage SystemMessage Authentication Signature StandardMapping of Airline Traffic over Internet ProtocolMultistate Anti-Terrorism Information ExchangeMedium Attachment Unit (Ethernet)Multi Station Access UnitMobile Audio Visual TerminalMagnetbildaufzeichnungMacro BlockMegabyte/Multi ByteMacroblock AddressManaged (PC) Boot AgentMulti Bit CellMultibyte Character Set (encoding)

320ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIMBFTMBMSMBONEMBPSMBRMBSMBSMBSAMBXMCMCMCMCMCMCMCAMCAMCAMCAMCAMCADMCASTMCATMCBMCBSPMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCMCCIMCCIMCCOIMCCSMCDMCDMCDAMCDSMCDUMultipoint Binary File TransferMultimedia Broadcast and Multicast ServiceMulticast/Multimedia BackboneMegabits/bytes per secondMaster Boot RecordMaximum Burst SizeMobile Broadband SystemMicrosoft Baseline Security AnalyzerMailboxMaster ControlMiniature CardMobile Commerce/CommunicationMoving CoilMulti Carrier/CastMultipoint ControllerMachine Check ArchitectureMicro Channel Architecture (IBM)Mission Critical ApplicationMotion Capture and AnalysisMultiprocessor Communication AdapterMechanical Computer Aided DesignMotif Cluster Alignment and Search ToolMetadata CatalogMemory Control BlockMulti Channel Buffered Serial PortMamas Computer ClubManchester Computing CentreMedia Changer CommandsMemory Cache ControllerMicroelectronics and Computer Technology CorporationMission Control CenterMulti-Channel Communications InterfaceMultimedia Copyright Clearance IrelandMultimedia Communications Community of InterestMonitor Command and Control Set (VESA)Mad Computer DiseaseMini Client DriverMicro Channel Developers AssociationMail Channel Directory SystemMultipurpose Control and Display Unit

321MCEMCEMCEMCFMCFMCFTMCGAMCGAMMCHMCIMCIRMCISMCMMCMMCMMCNMCNMCNCMCNSMCOPMCOPMCOPMCPMCPMCPMCPMCPMCPPMCRMCSMCSMCSMCSMCSMCSMCSEMCSGMCTMCTMCTMachine Check ExceptionManagement Communication EngineMedia Center Edition (Microsoft)Meta Content FormatMOM Connector Framework (Microsoft)Multi Cash File Transfer (eBanking)Multi Colour Graphics Adaptor/ArrayMIXER Conformant Global Address MappingMemory Controller HubMedia Control InterfaceMachine Controlled Interactive RetrievalMicrosoft Commercial Internet SystemMedia and Communication ManagementMulti Carrier ModulationMulti Chip ModuleMedia Catalogue NumberMultiple Crossbar NetworkMicroelectronics Center of North CarolinaMultimedia Cable Network SystemManagement CoprocessorMobile Connect One-time PasswordMultimedia Communication Protocol (KDE)Macintosh Coprocessor PlatformMaster Control ProgrammMedia and Communications ProcessorMicrosoft Certified ProfessionalMultichip PackageMicrosoft Communications Protocol ProgramMinimal/Minimum Cell RateMaster Control StationMission Critical ServerModulation and Coding SchemeMulticast ServerMultinational Character SetMultipoint Communication Services/SystemMicrosoft Certified Systems EngineerMathematical and Computational Sciences GroupMemory ControllerMind Control TechnologyMOS Controlled Thyristor

322ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIMCU Master Control UnitMCU Memory/Micro/Multipoint/Module Control/Controller UnitMCU Minimum Coded UnitMCU Multi Chip UnitMCU Multicast UnitMCU Multipoint Conferencing/Control UnitMCX Media Center ExtenderMD Mail DropMD Mediation DeviceMD Message DigestMD Mini DiskMD5 Message Digest 5MDA Mail Delivery AgentMDA Media Dependent/Device AdapterMDA Mediated Digest AuthenticationMDA Mesh Deterministic AccessMDA Mobile Digital AssistantMDA Model Driven ArchitectureMDA Merci d’avance (Slang)MDA Monochrome Display AdapterMDAC Master Data Acquisition and Control SystemMDAC Microsoft Data Access ComponentMDBMS Multidimensional DBMSMDBS Mobile Data Base StationMDDI Mobile Digital Display Interface (VESA)MDE MaschinendatenerfassungMDEC Motion (JPEG) DecoderMDF Main Distribution FrameMDG Message Design GuidelinesMDG Minimum Delay GeneratorMDG Mobile Data Gateway/GroupMDG Module Dependency GraphMDG Multiple Default GatewayMDG Multiuser Dungeon GameMDH Multimedia Data HandlingMDI Media Dependent InterfaceMDI Multiple Document InterfaceMDIS Mobile Data Intermediate SystemMDIX Media/Medium Dependent Interface CrossedMDK Multimedia Development Kit (Microsoft)

323MDNMDNIMDNIMDNSMDRMDSMDSMDSMDSMDSMDSLMDSTVMDTMDTMDYMEMEMEBMECMECNMEDARSMEDLINEMELANIMEMSMEOMERITMERLINMERSMESMESFETMESIMETMETMETMETALMEXEMEZMFMFMFCMessage Disposition NotificationManagement Director (!) Network InterfaceMulticast Device Network InterfaceManaged Data Network ServiceMinimum Design RequirementMeta Data ServerMicrosoft Deployment SolutionMonitoring and Discovery ServiceMulit-Dimensional ScalingMultiple Data StreamMedium Bit Rate/Multirate Digital Subscriber LineMediendienstestaatsvertragMittlere DatentechnikMobile Data TerminalMonth Day Year (Datumsangabe)Micro EditionMutation EngineMemory Expansion BoardMemory Expansion CardMobile Extended Corporate NetworkMedical Access and Retrieval SystemMedical Literature Analysis and Retrieval SystemMelde- und Analysestelle Informationssicherung, SchweizMicro Electro-Mechanical SystemMedium Earth OrbitMichigan Education Research Insruction TriadMessage Handling and Radio Link ManagementMost Economical Route SelectionMobile End SystemMetal Semiconductor Field Effect TransistorModified Exclusive Shared Invalid (Cache)Memory Enhancement TechnologyMiddle European TimeMission Elapsed TimeMacro Expansion Template Attribute LanguageMobil Station Execution EnvironmentMitteleuropäische ZeitMarinefunkerMultifunktionMainframe Computer

324ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIMFCMFCMFFSMFIMFIAMFJMFLOPMFMMFOMFPMFPAMFQMFRMFSMFSMFSMFSMFTMFTMFTLMFTPMFVMGMGMGAMGAMGCMGCPMGFTMGPFMGRMHMHDMHEGMHFMHNMHOTYMHPMHSMHTMLMicrosoft Foundation ClassesMultifunktionale ChipkarteMicrosoft Flash File SystemMetafile InputMagtape Formatter Interface AdapterModified Final JudgementMillion Floating Point OperationsModified Frequency ModulationMetafile OutputMultifunction PeripheralMulti Function Peripheral AssociationMultilevel Feedback QueueMulti Frequency ReceiverMacintosh File SystemMaximum Frame SizeMemory File SystemMitteilungen für SeefunkstellenMaster File TableMulti-Programming with a Fixed number of TasksMy Favorite Toy LanguageMulticast File Transfer ProtocolMehrfrequenz-Wahlverfahren (Telefon)Master GroupMedia GatewayMehrgeäteanschlussMonochrome/Multimode Graphic AdapterMedia Gateway ControllerMedia Gateway Control ProtocolMotion Group Fourier TransformMultiprogram General Purpose FacilitiesMulti Gigabit RouterModified Huffman (Compression)Moving Head DiskMultimedia and Hypermedia Expert GroupMessage Handling FacilityMünchener Hochschul-NetzMy Hat’s Off To You (Slang)Multimedia Home PlatformMessage/Mail Handling Service/SystemMIME encoded Hypertext Markup Language

325MIMIMIMIAMIASMIBMIBMICMICMICMICMICMICMICAMICEMICKMICRMICSMIDMIDMIDMIDIMIDPMIDSMIEFMIFMIHMAMIIMIIMILMILMILMILNETMIMMIMDMIMEMIMOMINCMINTMIOMode IndicateModul InterfaceMultiple Instruction (Stream Computer)Missing In Action (Debian)MehrwertsteuerinformationsaustauschsystemManagement Information BaseMelde- und Informationssystem BinnenschifffahrtMacro Interpretative CommandMedia Interface ConnectorMemory In CassetteMessage Integrity Check/CodeMode Indicate CommonMultimedia Interactive ControlModem ISDN Channel AggregationMultimedia Integrated Conferencing for EuropeMultimedia-Informations-Centrum KarlsruheMagnetic Ink Character RecognitionMobile Information and Communication SystemsMaritime Identification DigitMessage IdentifierMobile Internet DeviceMusical Instrument Digital InterfaceMobile Information Device ProfileMatrix Internet Data SurveyManagement Information Error FacilityManagement Information File/FormatModel-based Integration Heterogeneous Multimedia ArchivesMedia Independent InterfaceMicrosoft, IBM, Intelmilitary; Internet-Domain: Militär in den USA(amerikanische Militärnorm)Machine Interface LayerMilitary Network, USAMetall-Isolator-Metall (Bildschirm)Multiple Instructions Multiple DataMultipurpose Internet Mail ExtensionsMultiple Input Multiple OutputMultilingual Internet Names ConsortiumMathematik, Informatik, Naturwissenschaften, TechnikModular Input Output

326ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIMIPMIPAMIPSMIPSMIPSMIPTELMISMISMISDMITMITMITIMITMMITMAMITSMIXMIXERMJMJMJDMJPEGMKBMKLMKTMLMLAMLAMLCMLDMLDMLEMLIMLIDMLISMLMMLMMLPMLPMLPPPMLRMaximum Integration PhoneMutual Internet Practices AssociationMillion Instructions Per SecondMost Irrelevant Product SpecificationMultimedia Interactive Protocols and SystemsMobile IP TelephonyManagement Information SystemMetal Insulator SemiconductorMultiple Instructions Single DataManagement Information TreeMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyMinistry of Trade and Industry, JapanMan In The Middle (attack)Man In The Middle AttackModel Instrumentation Telemetry SystemMember Information ExchangeMIME Internet X.400 Enhanced RelayMajor DescriptorModular Jack (Steckersystem)Modified Julian DateMotion-JPEGMedia Key BlockMathematical Kernel Library (Intel)Multifunktionales KartenterminalMachine/Markup/Meta LanguageMicro Lense ArrayMy Local AddressMulti Level CellMaster Logic DiagramMulticast Listener DiscoveryMillenium Language ExtensionMultiple Link InterfaceMultiple Link Interface DriverMultilingual Information SocietyMailing List ManagerMulti-Level MarketingMessage/Multilayer Link ProtocolMobile Location ProtocolMulti Link PPPMulti-Channel Linear Recording

327MLSMLSMLTMLTMLTMLVMMMMMMMMMMMMAMMAMMACMMAPMMCMMCMMCMMCMMCMMCAMMCDMMDFMMDSMMEMMFMMFMMIMMICMMISMMJMMKMMLMMLMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMORPGMulti Level SecurityMultiple Link SupportMechanized Loop TestingMulti-Level Transition/TransmissionMulti Link TrunkingMulti Language VendorMaschinenlesbares MerkmalMaterial/Mobility ManagementMetadata ManagerMoving MagnetMultiple MasterMillion Message AttackMulti-Megabit-AnpassungMulti Media Access CenterMulti Media Access ProfileMan Machine CommunicationMatched Memory CycleMicrosoft Management ConsoleMIDI Machine ControlMulti Media Card/CommandsMulti Media Card AssociationMultimedia Compact DiscMultichannel Memorandum Distribution FacilityMultichannel Multipoint Distribution SystemMulti Media ExtensionsMake Money FastMulti-Mode FiberMan Machine InterfaceMonolithic Microwave Integrated CircuitMaterials Manager Information SystemModified Modular Jack (Steckersystem)Multimediale KommunikationMan Machine LanguageMathematical Markup LanguageMemory Mapper ModulMicro Macro MagicianMicrosoft Multimedia MovieMobile Media ModeMulti Media MediocrityMassive Multiplayer Online Role Playing Game

328ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIMMPMMPCMMPMMMRMMRMMSMMSMMSMMSMMSIMMTMMTCAMMUMMXMNMNGMNITMNPMNPMNREMNSMOMOMOMOAPMOBBMOCAMODMODMODCAMODEMMODFETMOESIMOFMOHMOHLLMOKBMOLAPMOLIMOLPMassive Multi ProcessingMulti Message Package ChaffingMulti Media Presentation ManagerModified Modified Read (Compression)Multi Hop RelayManufacturing Message SpecificationModule Management SystemMultimedia Messaging ServiceMultimedia SurveyMaritime Mobile Service IdentityMultimedia TimerMultimedia Toolbox for Cooperative ApplicationsMemory Management UnitMulti Media ExtensionsMinor DescriptorMinimal No-GoodMobile Networks Integration TechnologyMicrocom Networking ProtocolMultiple Networking ProgramManual Not Read Error (Slang)Managed Network ServicesMagneto-Optical (Disk)Managed ObjectMobile Originated (Message)Multihop Over the Air ProgrammingMonth Of Browser BugsMusic Online Competition ActMagneto-Optical DiskMovie/Music On DemandMixed Object Document Content ArchitectureModulator-DemodulatorModulation Doped Field Effect TransistorModified, Owner, Exclusive, Shared, InvalidMeta Object FacilityMusic On HoldMachine Oriented High Level LanguageMonth Of Kernel BugsMultidimensional Online Analytical ProcessingMicrosoft Online InstituteMicrosoft Open License Pak

329MOM Map Oriented MachineMOM Message Oriented MiddlewareMOM Microsoft Operations ManagerMOO MUD/Multiuser Object OrientedMOON Management Of Optical NetworksMOP Maintenance Operations Protocol (DEC)MOP Multiple Original PrintsMOPL Map oriented Programming LanguageMOPS Million Operations Per SecondMOS Mean Opinion ScoreMOS Metal Oxide SemiconductorMOSC Modified Original Smart CardMOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect TransistorMOSIX Multicomputer Operating System for UNIXMOSPF Multicast Extensions to OSPFMOSPF Multicast Open Shortest Path FirstMOSS Microsoft Office Sharepoint ServerMOSS MIME Object Security ServicesMOST Media Oriented Systems TransportMOST Mobile Open Systems TechnologyMOT Multimedia Object TransferMOTAS Member Of The Appropriate Sex (Slang)MOTIS Message Oriented Text Interchange SystemMOU Memorandum Of UnderstandingMOV Metal Oxide VaristorMP Magic PacketMP Massively ParallelMP Mesh PointMP Multilink ProtocolMP Multiple ProcessorsMP Multipoint ProcessorMP MultiprocessingMP3 MPEG Layer 3MPA Minimum Perceptable ActionMPA Motion Picture AssociationMPAA Motion Picture Association of AmericaMPC Media Port ControllerMPC Microsoft Certified ProfessionalMPC Multimedia PCMPCS Manufacturing Planning and Control System

330ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIMPEMPEMPEGMPFMPGMPIMPIMPICHMPLMPLSMPMMPMLQMPOAMPPMPPMPPPMPQSMPRMPRMPRMPRMPRMPRMMPTMPTMPTFMPTNMPTPMPTSMPUMPUMPWMPXMPXMQMQEMQIMRMRMRMaximum Permissible ExpositionMultiprogramming ExecutiveMoving Picture Experts GroupMapping FieldMedizinprodukte-GesetzMessage Passing InterfaceMulti-Protocol InterchangeMessage Passing Interface ChameleonMozilla Public LicenseMulti-Protocol Label SwitchingMessage/Multi Processing ModuleMultipulse Maximum Likelihood QuantizationMulti Protocol Over ATMMassively Parallel Processing/ProcessorMessage Posting/Processing Program/ProtocolMultilink Point-to-Point ProtocolMultiple Polynomial Quadratic SieveMassenparallelrechnerMät- och Provningsrådet (Schweden)Multi-Protocol RouterMultipart RepeaterMultipoint RelayMobile Payment Reference ModelMemory Protocol TranslatorMinistry of Post and Telecommunications, UK + JapanMultiple Protocol Transport FeatureMulti-/Multiple Protocol Transport Network (IBM)Micro Payment Transfer ProtocolMultiprotocol Transport Services (IBM)Microprocessor UnitMIDI Processing UnitMacintosh Programmers/Programming WorkbenchMulti Pointer X (Server)MultiplexMessage QueuingManaged Query EnvironmentMessaging and Queuing Interfacemagneto-resistivModem ReadyModified Read (Compression)

331MRAMMRBMRCMRCCMRCFMRCIMRMMRMMRMLMRMLMROMRPMRPMRPLMRSMRSMRSMRSMRSMRTMRTDMRUMRUMRZMSMSMSMSMSMSMSMSAMSAMSAAMSAISMSAMMSAMMSAPMSASMSAUMagnetoresistive/Ferromagnetic Random Access MemoryMethod Request BrokerMagneto-Resistive ClusterMaritime Rescue Coordination CenterMicrosoft Realtime Compression FormatMicrosoft Realtime Compression InterfaceMotif Resource ManagerMulti Resolution MeshMind Reading Markup LanguageMultimedia Retrieval Markup LanguageMulti-Region OperationMaterial Requirements PlanningManufacturing Resource PlanningMain Ring Path LengthMedia Recognition SystemMicrocontroller Readable SectorMode Register SetModerator Recovery SystemMonitored Retrievable StorageMean Repair TimeMachine Readable Travel DocumentMaximum Receive UnitMost Recently UsedMachine Readable ZoneManagement ServicesMemory Stick/SystemMessage StoreMicrosoft CorporationMobile StationMultiplexer SectionMusic/SpeechMicrosoft Systems ArchitectureMobile Service ArchitectureMicrosoft Active AccessibilityMultiplexer Section Alarm Indication SignalMicrosoft Screen Access ModelMultikeyed Indexed Sequential File Access MethodMinislotted Alternating PrioritiesMultimedia-Stream Adaptation ServicesMulti-Station Access Unit

332ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIMSBMSCMSCMSCMSCDEXMSCHAPMSCPMSCSMSDMSDMSDLMSDNMSDOSMSDPMSDRMSDSMSDSMSFDCMSGMSIMSIMSIMSIMSIEMSILMSISDNMSISDNNMSKMSLMSLMSLMSLMSLRMSLRMSMMSNMSNMSOMSOHMSOPFMost Significant Bit/ByteMain Service ChannelMid Speech ClippingMobile (Services) Switching CentreMicrosoft Compact Disk ExtensionsMicrosoft Challenge/Reply Handshake ProtocolMass Storage Control ProtocolMicrosoft Cluster Server/ServicesMass Storage DeviceMost Significant DigitMotion Special Description LanguageMicrosoft Developer NetworkMicrosoft Disk Operating SystemMulticast Source Discovery ProtocolMultiplexed Streaming Data RequestMicrosoft Developer SupportMIDI Sample Dump StandardMicrosoft + First Data CorporationMessageMaritime Safety InformationMedium Scale IntegrationMessage Signaled InterruptMicrosoft InstallerMicrosoft Internet ExplorerMicrosoft Intermediate LanguageMobile Subscriber Integrated Services Digital NetworkMobile Subscriber Integrated Services Digital Network NumberMinimum Shift KeyingMaster Symbol ListMap Specification LibraryMean Sea LevelMirrored Server LinkMax Scan Line RegisterMorphological and Syntactic LR ParserMainstream MediaMicrosoft NetworkMultiple Subscriber NumberMultiple System OperatorMultiplexer Section OverheadMulticast Open Shortest Path First

333MSPMSPMSRMSRMSRMSRMSRMSRNMSSMSSMSSMSSGMSTEMSTPMSUMSVMSWMTMTMTAMTAMTAMTBBMTBDLMTBFMTBJMTCMTDMTDAMTFMTFMTFMTFBWYMTHMTJMTNMTOPSMTPMTPMTPMessage Security ProtocolMultiplexer Section ProtectionMachine Specific RegisterMessage Service RoutineMessen, Steuern, RegelnModel Specific RegistersMultiplicity Shift RegisterMobile Station Roaming NumberMAN Switching SystemMaximum Segment SizeMobile Satellite ServiceMPEG Software Simulation GroupMultiplexer Section Terminating EquipmentMultiple Spanning Tree ProtocolMulti Service UnitMedium Speed VariantMachine Status WordMobile Terminated (Messaging)Movable TypeMacintosh Telephony ArchitectureMail/Message Transfer AgentMultiple Terminal AccessMean Time Between BreakdownsMean Time Between Data LossMean Time Between FailuresMean Time Between JamsMulti Threaded CalculationMemory Technology DeviceMean Time Data AvailabilityMean Time to FailureMicrosoft Tape FormatModulation Transfer FunctionMay The Force Be With You (Slang)Memory Translation/Translator HubMagnetic Tunnel JunctionMini Typing NotifyMillions Theoretical Operations Per SecondMail Transfer Protocol (Internet)Message Transfer PartMeteo Time Protocol

334ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIMTQPMTRRMTSMTSMTSMTSMTSMTTFMTTHMTTRMTUMTUFMUMÜMUAMUCKMUDMUEWMUFMUFFMULMULMULTICSMUMPSMUNDIMUSEMUSENMUSHMUSICMUSICAMMUTEXMUXMVAMVBMVCMVCMVCMVCMVCCMVDMessage Tracking Query ProtocolMemory Type Range RegisterMessage Transfer/Telephone Services/SystemMichigan Terminal SystemMicrosoft Transaction ServerMultichannel Television SoundMultimedia Teleschool (Berlitz)Mean Time To FailureMean Time To Half BrightnessMean Time To Recovery/RepairMaximum Transfer/Transmission UnitMagnetic Tape Unit FormatterMessage UnitMaschinelle ÜbersetzungMail User AgentMulti User Chat KingdomMulti/Multiple-User Dialogue/Dimension/Dungeon (Spiele)MonopolübertragungswegMaximal Usable FrequencyMaus- und Fenster-FirlefanzMemory Upper LowMobile User LinkMultiplexed Information and Computing ServiceMassachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming SysteMultiplexed Network for Distributive and Interactive ServicesMultiple Sub-Nyqyist-Sampling EncodingMeinem Unmassgeblichen Sprachempfinden Nach (Slang)Multi-User Shared HallucinationsMultiple Signal Characterization/ClassificationMasking Universal Subband Integrated Coding and MultiplexMutual ExclusionMultiplexerMulti-domain Vertical Alignment (panel)Multimedia Viewer BookManual Volume ControlModel View Controller (design pattern)Multimedia Viewer CompilerMicro-Bit-Virus-Centrum, KarlsruheMulti Version Concurrency ControlMulti Valued Dependency

335MVDMMVFSMVGAMVIPMVLMVMMVPMVQMVSMVTMVTMWMWCMWCGMWCMMWDMWIMWMMWMRMWNMXMXFMXSMXSMXSMXTMYOBMZAPMultiple Virtual DOS MachinesMulti Version File SystemMonochrome Video Graphics ArrayMulti Vendor Integration/Interaction ProtocolMultiple Virtual LineMatrix Vector MultiplierMultimedia Video ProcessorMotion Vector QuantizationMultiple Virtual Storage/Systems (IBM)Multiprogramming with a Variable number of TasksMulti Vendor TeamingMittelwelle, Medium WaveMirror Write CacheMultiply With Carry (random number) GeneratorMolecular Wire Crossbar MemoryMehrwertdienstMessage Waiting IndicationMotif Window ManagerMultiple Write, Multiple ReadManaged WAN NetworksMail Exchange/Exchanger (DNS-Record)Material Exchange FormatMail Exchangers (plural of MX)Message Exchange ServicesMicrosoft Exchange ServerMemory Expansion Technology (IBM)Mind Your Own Business (Slang)Multicast-Scope Zone Announcement ProtocolNNANANABNABNACNACNACNACNACANational, Network, No/NonNetwork AccessNot Applicable/AvailableNational Address BaseNational Association of Broadcasters (USA)Network Access/Admission ControlNetwork Analysis CorporationNetwork Applications Consortium (USA)Null Attachment ConcentratorNational Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (USA)

336ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNINACD National Association of Computer DealersNACK Negative AcknowledgeNACS National Advisory Committee on SemiconductorsNACS NetWare Asynchronous Communication ServerNADIR Network Anomaly Detection + Intrusion ReporterNAEC Novell Authorized Education CenterNAF National Arbitration ForumNAFOD No Apparent Fear Of Death (Slang)NAG Numerical Algorithms Group, OxfordNAIF Navigation Ancillary Information FacilityNAK Negative Acknowledge/AcknowledgementNAL Network Abstraction LayerNAL Novell Application LauncherNAM Name and Address ModuleNAM Narrow Amplitude ModulationNAM National Account ManagerNAM Netware Application ManagerNAM Network Analysis ModuleNAM Number Assignment ModuleNAMP NetWare Asynchronous Messaging ProtocolNAN Not a NumberNAND not andNANOG North American Network Operators GroupNAP Network Access Point/Protection/ProtocolNAP Non-significant Address Part (Bluetooth)NAPAW North American Process Algebra WorkshopNAPLPS North American Presentation Layer/Level Protocol SyntaxNAPT Network Address Port Translation (RFC 3022)NAPTR Naming Authority PointerNAQ Never Answered QuestionsNARR NarrativeNAS Network Access ServerNAS Network Administration SystemNAS Network Application ServicesNAS Network Application Support (DEC)NAS Network Attached StorageNASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration, USANASA .net Application and Strategic AlternativesNASI NetWare Asynchronous Services Interface (Novell)NASIG Numerical Analysis Special Interest Group

337NASKNASSNATNAUNAUNNAVNAVINAVTEXNAXNBNBNBCNBDNBDNBFNBFCPNBGNBMANBNNBNSNBONBPNBPNBPNBSNBTNCNCNCNCNCNCNCANCANCAMNCARNCBNCCNCCNCCNaukowa i Akademicka Siec Komputerowa (Polen)Numerical Aerodynamics Simulation SystemNetwork Address TranslationNetwork Access/Addressable UnitNearest Active Upstream NeighbourNetwork Allocation VectorNew Analog Video InterfaceNavigational Warnings by TelexNachrichten auf FaxNoise BlankerNorthbridgeNational Broadcasting Compnay, USANetwork Block DeviceNo Big Deal (Slang)Netbios Frame (Transport Protocol)NetBIOS Frames Control ProtocolNetworking Business GroupNon-Broadcast Multiple AccessNixdorf BreitbandnetzNetBIOS Name Server/ServiceNetwork Byte OrderName Binding ProtocolNetbios ProtocolNetwork Bootstrap ProgramNational Bureau of Standards, USA (jetzt NIST)NetBIOS on TCP/IPNetwork Computer/ControlNewcastle ConnectionNo ConnectionNode ConsistencyNumber Cruncher/CrusherNumerical ControlNetwork Communications AdapterNetwork Computer/Computing ArchitectureNational Center for Accessible Media, USANational Center for Atmospheric Research, USANetBIOS Control BlockNational Computing CentreNetwork Computer ClientNetwork Control Center

338ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNINCCNCCUSLNCDNCDNCENCEGNCFNCGANCINCMNCMTNCNNCNCNCNCONCPNCPNCPNCQNCRNCSNCSNCSNCSNCSANCSANCSANCSCNCSCNCSDNCSINCSLNCSTRLNDNDNDANDANDACNDASNDBNDCNetwork Coordination Centre (RIPE)National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State LawsNetwork Computing DeviceNetwork Copy DetectionNomadic Computing EnvironmentNumerical C Extensions GroupNetwork Computing FacilityNational Computer Graphics AssociationNetwork Control InformationNetwork Configuration ManagementNumerical Control for Machine ToolsNew Century NetworkNo Coffee, No Chocolate, No Computer (Slang)Numerically Controlled OscillatorNetWare Core ProtocolNetwork Control Processor/Protocol/ProgramNot Copy ProtectedNative Command QueuingNational Cash Register Corporation, USANatural Colour SystemNetwork Computer ServerNetwork Computing SystemNASI Connection ServiceNational Center for Supercomputing Applications, USANational Computer Security AssociationNational Customer Service AssociationNational Computer Security CenterNorth Carolina Supercomputing CenterNational Cyber Security Division, USANetwork Communication Services InterfaceNational Computer System LaboratoryNetworked Computer Science Technical Reports LibraryNatürliche Dummheit (Gegensatz zu KI)Network DiagramNon Disclosure AgreementNorddeutsche DatenautobahnNot Data AcceptedNetwork Direct Attached StorageNon-Directional BeaconNational Destination Code

339NDC Normalized Device CoordinateNDI Network Distribution InfrastructureNDIS Network Device/Driver Interface SpecificationNDL Network Database LanguageNDLTD Networked Digital Library of Theses and DissertationsNDM Netzwerk-DatenmodellNDM Normal Disconnected ModeNDMP Network Data Management ProtocolNDMS NetWare Distributed Management ServicesNDP Numeric Data ProcessorNDPS Netware Distributed Printing ServicesNDPS Non-Disruptive Path SwitchingNDR Non Delivery ReportNDR Norddeutscher RundfunkNDS Netware/Novell Directory ServicesNDS Noise Detected as SpeechNDST Network Dedicated Systems TimeNDT Net Data ThroughputNDT Network Design ToolNDTP Network Dictionary Transfer ProtocolNE Name ErrorNE Network/Node ElementNE4 Netzebene 4NEA Nichtdeterministischer Endlicher Automat (NFA)NEARNET New England Academic and Research NetworkNEC National Electric Code (Kabel)NEC Nippon Electric Company, JapanNEC Numerical Electromagnetics CodeNECC National Education Computing Conference, USANECTAR Network Computer ArchitectureNEDD New Electrostatic Drop DetectorNEES Network for Earthquake Engineering and SimulationNEMA National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationNEMS Nano Electromechanical StorageNEOS Networked Educational On-line SystemNERD Network Event Recording DeviceNEST Novell Embedded Systems TechnologyNET network; Internet-Domain: NetzverwaltungNET Network Entity TitleNET Norme Europeenne de Telecommunication

340ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNINETBEUI NetBIOS Extended User Interface (IBM)NETBIOS Network Basic Input and Output System (IBM)NETBLT Network Block Transfer (Protocol)NETCDF Network Common Data FormNETSC Netscape (Browser)NETSC Network Security ConsortiumNEWS Network Extensible Window SystemNEXT Near End Cross TalkNF NiederfrequenzNF Noise FactorNF Normalform (Datenbank)NFA Nondeterministic Finite AutomatonNFAR Network File Access RoutineNFC Near Field CommunicationsNFF No Fault FoundNFGM Nano Floating Gate MemoryNFI No Frigging Idea (Slang)NFM Narrow Frequency ModulationNFM Network File ManagerNFS Nachrichten für SeefunkstellenNFS Network/Nightmare File Server/SystemNFS Number Field SieveNFSS New Font Selection SchemeNFW No Fucking Way (Slang)NG Next/New GenerationNG No GoodNGG Network Group GermanyNGI Next Generation InternetNGIO Next Generation Input OutputNGM Netware Global MessagingNGMHS NetWare Global Message Handling SystemNGMN Next Generation Mobile NetworkNGN Next Generation NetworkNGO Non Governmental OrganizationNGS Non Government StandardNGSCB Next Generation Secure Computing BaseNGSCBFW Next Generation Secure Computing Base for WindowsNGWS Next Generation Windows ServicesNGZ Network Game ZoneNHC Notebook Hardware Control

341NHOBNHRPNININIANICNICNICNICNICANICADNICAMNICENICKNIDNIDNIDLNIDSNIFNIFNIGNIHNIHNIHCLNIINIITNIKNILNILFSNIMNIMNIMANIMBYNIMHNIMPNIPNIPNIPCNIPSNIRNon-specific Hierarchical Operational BindingNext Hop Routing/Resolution ProtocolNeighbourhood InterchangeabilityNetwork InterconnectNetwork Interoperability AllianceNational ISDN CouncilNetwork Information CenterNetwork Interface CardJohn-von-Neumann-Institut für Computing, JülichNovell Integrated Computing ArchitectureNickel Cadmium (Akkumulator)Near Instantaneous Companded Audio MultiplexNetwork Information and Control Exchange (Protocol)Netzweites Informationssystem im Campus der Universität KNamespace IdentifierNext IDNetwork Interface Definition LanguageNetwork Intrusion Detection SystemNautischer InformationsfunkNetwork Information File/FrameNon Isolated GateNational Institute of Health, USANot Invented HereNIH Class LibraryNational Information Infrastructure, USANational Information Infrastructure TestbedNachhaltigkeit in der Informations- und KommunikationstechNetwork Interchange LanguageNew Implementation of a Log-structured File SystemNetwork Installation ManagerNetwork Interface MachineNational Imaging and Mapping AgencyNot In My Backyard (Slang)Nickel Metal Hydride (Akkumulator)NetWare Internetwork Messaging ProtocolNetwork Inquiry ProtocolNon-Impact Printer/PrintingNational Infrastructure Protection CenterNetwork I/O Per SecondNetwork Information Retrieval

342ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNINISNISNISNISNISANISDNNISONISSNISSNISTNITNITNITCNIUNIUFNJENLNLNLANLANLANRNLBNLENLLSNLMNLMBNLOCNLPNLPNLPIDNLQNLSNLSPNLUUGNMNMNMANMASNMCNMCPNachbarschafts-InformationssystemNATO Identification SystemNetwork Information/Interpreting ServiceNorddeutsches InformationssystemNew Information Services ArchitectureNarrow Band ISDNNational Information Standards OrganizationNational Information Services and Systems, USANational Information on Software and Services, USANational Institute of Standards and Technology, USANetwork Information TableNetwork Interface TapNational Information Technology CenterNetwork Interface UnitNational ISDN Users ForumNetwork Job Entry (IBM)Network LayerNew LineNext Level AggregatorNot Long Ago (Slang)National Laboratory for Applied Networking Research, USANetwork Load BalancingNonlinear EditingNonlinear Least SquaresNetware Loadable Modul (Novell)Nolifemuddinbastard (Slang)Netto Lines Of CodeNatural Language ProcessingNon Linear ProgrammingNetwork Layer/Level Protocol IdentifierNear Letter QualityNational/Native Language SupportNetware Link Service/State ProtocolNiederländische UNIX User GroupNetwork ManagementNew Maintainer (Debian)Network Management ArchitectureNovell Modular Authentication ServicesNetwork Management/Measurement CenterNetwork Management Control Protocol

343NMEANMINMLNMMNMMNMONMOSNMOSNMPNMPRNMRNMRNMSNMTNMUNMVTNMXNNNNNNNNGSNNINNINNRNNSCNNSPNNSPNNTPNNXNOANOAANOAHNOCNOCNOEBLNOEMLNOMANOPNORNORCNational Marine Electronics AssociationNon Maskable InterruptNormalNetWare Management Map (Novell)Network Management ModulNetwork Management Option (OSF)N-Channel MOS (Transistor)Network Management Operating SystemNetwork Management ProcessorNetworked Media Product RequirementsNetwork Management Responder (Novell)Noise to Mask RationNetwork/NetWare Management Station/SystemNordic Mobile TelephoneNon-Maintainer Upload (Debian)Network Management Vector CommandNetwork Magement ExtensionsNetwork NodeNewbie Note (Slang)Nightmare Networker (Slang)No Name Go ServerNetwork Node/Network InterfaceNext Node IndicatorNovell Network RegistryNSFnet Network Service CenterNational Network of State Polls, USANeural Networks for Signal ProcessingNetwork News Transfer Protocol (Internet)Nerwork Numbering ExchangeNerds on AirNational Oceanic and Atmosphere AdministrationNetwork Oriented Application HarmonizationNetwork Operation CenterNumber of ChildrenNichtöffentlicher beweglicher LandfunkNichtöffentlicher mobiler LandfunkNational Online Media AssociationNo Operationnot orNaval Ordnance Research Calculator

344ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNINORSARNOSNOWNPNPNPANPANPANPACINPAPNPAPINPCNPCIDNPHNPINPINPLNPLNPPNPRNPSNPTLNPTNNPVNQENQSNRNRCNRCSNRENNRFNRLNRMNRNNRNNRNNRONRPCNRRTNRTNorwegian Seismic ArrayNetwork Operating SystemNetwork Of WorkstationsNo Problem (Slang)Nondeterministic Polynomial timeNetwork Performance AnalyzerNetwork Printer/Printing AllianceNumbering Plan AreaNational Partnership for Advanced Computational InfrastructureNetwork Printing Alliance ProtocolNetscape Plug-in Application Program InterfaceNetwork Personal ComputerNetwork Provides Caller IdentifierNon Processed HeaderNeighbourhood Partial InterchangeabilityNetwork Printer InterfaceNational Physical Laboratory, EnglandNonprocedural LanguageNetwork Printing ProtocolNon Persistent ReferenceNetwork Print ServerNative POSIX Thread LibraryNational Public Telecomputing Network, USANon Patient VicinityNetwork Queuing EnvironmentNetwork Queuing SystemNo-Good RecordingNational Research Council, USANational Replacement Character SetNational Research and Education/Educational NetworkNerds’ Revolutionary FrontNamespace Routing LanguageNormal Response ModeNational Research NetworkNetware Remote NodeNo Reply Necessary (Slang)Numbering Resource Organisation(Lotus) Notes Remote Procedure CallNon-reroutable TrafficNon Real Time

345NRTLNRTMNRVNRZNRZINSNSNSNSNSNSANSANSAPNSAPANSAPINSCNSCNSCNSCACENSCDNSDINSDINSENSFNSFNSFNSFNSFNETNSINSINSICNSIDNSLNSMNSMNSMNSONSONSPNSPNationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (USA)Near Real Time MirroringNiedersächsicher Rechner-VerbundNon Return to ZeroNon Return to Zero, Invert on onesName Server (Record)Natural StupidnessNetscapeNetwork SupervisorNew SignalNational Security Agency, USANichtschlüsselattributNetwork Service Access PointNetwork Service Access Point AddressNetscape Server APINational Support CenterNetwork Security ControllerNetwork Signon CoordinatorNSC Auxiliary Control ElementName Service Cache DaemonNational Spatial Data InfrastructureNetworked Systems Design and ImplementationNetwork Software EnvironmentNational Science Foundation, USANon Standard FormatNorges Standardiseringsforbund(Lotus) Notes Storage Facility/FileNational Science Foundation Network (Internet)Network Solutions, Inc.Norsk Sentrum for Informatikk, NorwegenNational Storage Industry Consortium, USA(DNS) Name Server IdentifierNetwork Service LayerNetwork Storage ManagerNetz-Service-ModulNetz- und SystemmanagementNetwork Security OfficerNonvirtual Significant Other (Slang)Native Signal ProcessingNetwork Services Protocol/Provider

346ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNINSR NiederspannungsrichtlinieNSRA Nordvästra Skånes RadioamatörerNSRMP Network Security Risk Management ProtocolNSS Namespace Specific StringNSS Name Service SwitchNSS National Search and Rescue Secretariat, CanadaNSS Network Specific StringNSS Nodal Switching SystemNSS Novell Storage ServicesNSSDC National Space Science Data Center, USANSSN National Standards System Network, USANSSR Non-Specific Subordinate ReferenceNSTL National Software Testing Labs, USANSTVA Nebenstellen-VermittlungsanlageNSTX Name Server Tunnel Exchange (Protocol)NSUB Neighbourhood SubstitutabilityNSUE Netzsteuerungs- und -überwachungssystemNSW National Software Works, USANSW Network Setup WizardNSW Norton SystemWorks (Symantec),USANSW Novell Script for NetWareNT Network Termination/Terminator (ISDN)NT New Technology/TroubleNTAS Windows NT Advanced ServerNTBA Network Terminator Basicrate Access (ISDN-Netzbasisanschluss)NTC National Telecommunications ConferenceNTC Negative Temperature CoefficientNTDLM Neue TelefondienstleistungsmerkmaleNTF Neutral Transfer FormatNTF No Trouble FoundNTFS New Technology File System (Microsoft)NTG Nachrichtentechnische Gesellschaft e. V.NTIA National Telecommunications and Information Administration, USNTIC Nouvelles Technologies de l’Information et de la CommunicationNTL Network Tracing and LoggingNTM Nondeterministic Turing MachineNTN Network Terminal/Termination NumberNTP Network Termination PointNTP Network Time ProtocolNTR Nationale Teilnehmer-Rufnummer

347NTS Network Transport Services (IBM)NTS New Typesetting SystemNTSA Networking Technical Support AllianceNTSC National Television Standards/System Committee, USANTSC Never The Same Color (Slang)NTT Nippon Telegraph + Telephone Corporation, JapanNTTAWWT Not That There’s Anything Wrong With That (Slang)NTTF Networking and Telecommunications Task ForceNTV Network TelevisionNUA Network User AddressNUI Network User Identification/InterfaceNUL NullNUMA Non Uniform Memory Access/Address/ArchitectureNURBS Non Uniform Rational B-SplineNV Net View/Vision/VolumeNV Network Variable/VideoNV New VersionNV No OverflowNV Nominal VoltageNV Non-volatileNVE Nummer der VersandeinheitNVM Non Volatile MemoryNVN National Videotext NetworkNVO Non-Visual User ObjectNVOD Near Video On DemandNVP Network Voice Protocol (Internet)NVP Nominal Velocity of PropagationNVQ National Vocational QualificationNVR Non Volatile Random Access MemoryNVRAM Non Volatile Random Access MemoryNVT Network Virtual TerminalNWFS Netware File System (Novell)NWG Network Working GroupNWNET North West NetNWS National Warning System, USANWS Network Weather ServiceNX No ExecuteNYPSC New York Public Service CommissionNYSERNet New York State Educational and Research Network

348ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIOObject, Open, Operate, OpticalOA Open AccessOAA Open Agent ArchitectureOAEP Optimal Asymmetric Encryption PaddingOAF Origin Address FieldOAG Open Application GroupOAI Offene Anwendungs- und InterkommunikationssystemeOAI Open Applications InterfaceOAI Open Archive InitiativeOAI Oracle Academic InitiativeOAIS Open Archival Information SystemOAM Object Attribute MemoryOAM Operation, Administration, MaintenanceOAO Over And Out (Slang)OASIS Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information StanOATUS On A Totally Unrelated Subject (Slang)OAUS On An Unrelated Subject (Slang)OAW Optically Assisted WinchesterOB Orange BookOBC Onboard ComputerOBE Overcome By Events (Slang)OBEX Object Exchange (Protocol)OBI Online Book InititativeOBO Or Best Offer (Slang)OBS ObjektbanksystemOBS Optical Burst SwitchingOBST Object Management System of STONEOBTW Oh, By The Way (Slang)OBU On Board UnitOC Open ControlOC Optical CarrierOC3 Optical Carrier Level 3OCA Object/Open Component ArchitectureOCALA Open Common Annotation LanguageOCB Optically Compensated BendOCC Omas/Opas Computer-ClubOCC Operations Control CenterOCC Other Common CarrierOCCC Obfuscated C Code ContestOCE Open Collaborative Environment (Apple)

349OCFSOCIOCIOCIOCLOCLCOCPOCROCROCSOCSOCSPOCTOCTDOCXODAODAODACODAMODAPIODBODBCODBMSODCODCSODDODEODEODEODEODETTEODFODFODFODFAODIODIFODIMSODINSUPODLOracle Cluster File SystemObject Code InsertionOperational Cryptography and InterceptionOracle Call InterfaceOperator/Operation Control LanguageOnline Cataloging/Computer Library Catalog/CenterOptical Storage ProcessorOptical Character/Curve RecognitionOracle Cluster RegistryObject Compatibility StandardOpen Cabling SystemOnline Certificate Status ProtocolObject Code TranslatorObservation, Conclusion, Temporary DataOLE Control ExtensionsOpen Data ApplicationsOpen/Office Document ArchitectureOpen Document Architecture ConsortiumOpen Distributed Application ModelOpen Database Application Programming InterfaceObject Oriented Data BaseOpen Data Base Connectivity (Microsoft)Object Oriented Database Management SystemOverdrive CircuitOpen Distributed Computing StructureOpen Data DesktopObject Data and EnvironmentOpen Dynamics EngineOrdinary Differential EquationOSF Development EnvironmentOrganisation for Data Exchange by Tele-Transmission in EuroOn Disk FormatOpen Document FormatOpenDoc Development FrameworkOpen Document Format AllianceOpen Data-Link Interface (Novell)Open/Office Document Interchange FormatOpen Distributed Information Management SystemODI-NDIS Supplementary DriverObject Definition Language, Optical Disc Library

350ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIODMODMAODMGODMRODNODPODPODRODSODSODSODSODSIODTODTMODVAOEOEOEBOEBLOECDOEFOEMOEMOESOESOFOFAOFAPOFBOFDOFDMOFEOFETOFFISOFHCOFMOFSOFSOFSObject Data ManagerOpen Document Management APIObject Database Management GroupOn Demand Mail RelayOptical Data NetworkOpen Directory ProjectOpen Distributed ProcessingOptical Digital ReferenceOffene DatenschnittstelleOffenes Deutsches SchulnetzOn Disc Structure (File System)Open Data ServicesOpen Directory Service InterfaceOn-Die TerminationOptical Time Division MultiplexingOpen Device-Net Vendor AssociationOpportunistic EncryptionOutput EnableOpen Electronic BookÖffentlicher beweglicher LandfunkOrganisation for Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentOrigin Element FieldOdd Even Merge (Graph, Netz)Original Equipment ManufacturerOdd Even Sort (Graph, Netz)Open Enterprise Server (Novell)Overflow FlagOptimal Flexible ArchitectureOld Fart At Play (Slang)Output FeedbackOptical Frequency Division Demultiplexer/DemultiplexingOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex/MultiplexingOpen Financial ExchangeOrganic Field Effect TransistorOldenburger Forschungs- und Entwicklungsinstitut für InformatikOxygen Free High Conductivity (Copper)Optical Frequency Division Multiplexer/MultiplexingObject File SystemOld File System (Amiga)Output Field Separator

351OFTCOFTPOFWOFXOGISOGMOGSAOGSIOHOHAOHCIOHROICOICOIDOIDCOIDLOIIOIMOIMOIMOIMOIMOIMOIMOIMOIMOINOIOOIRTOISOITOIUOIVOIWOKOKKSAOLALAOLAPOLCOpen and Free Technology CommunityOdette File Transfer ProtocolOberflächenwelleOpen Financial ExchangeOpen Geodata Interoperability SpecificationOgg MediaOpen Grid Services ArchitectureOpen Grid Services InfrastructureOff HookOpen Handset AllianceOpen Host Controller InterfaceOver Horizon RADAROh, I See (Slang)Operator Interface ConsoleObject Identifier (IANA)Object Identifier ComponentObject Interface Definition Language(European Commission’s) Open Information Interchange (ServObject Interaction ModelOffice of Information ManagementOffline Instant MessageOpen Information ModelOperating Instruction ManualOperations/Operator Interface ModuleOptical Interface ModuleOracle Identity ManagementOSI Internet ManagementOpen Invention NetworkOpen Infrastructure for OutcomesOrganisation International de Radio et TelevisionOffice/Online Information SystemObject Identifier TreeOperator Interface UnitObject Identifier ValueOSI Implementors’ WorkshopOberer KanalOffener Katalog für Kommunale SoftwareanforderungenOpen Local Area Linux ApplicationsOnline Analytical ProcessingOnline Computer

352ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIOLCOLEOLEOLEDOLIOLIOLITOLIXOLMOLPOLPCOLSROLTOLTCOLTPOLWMOMOMOMO&MOMAOMAOMACOMAPOMAPOMCOMCROMCSOMEOMFOMFOMFOMFOMFSOMGOMIOMIOMLOMROMSOptical Link CardObject Linking and EmbeddingOpen License for EducationOrganic Light Emitting Device/Diode/DisplayOpen Link Interface (Novell)Optical Phone Line InterfaceOpen Look Intrinsic ToolkitOn-Line Informationssystem UNIXOptical Link ModulOpen License Plan/ProgramOne Laptop Per ChildOptimized Link State Routing (Protocol)Optical Line TerminationOn Line Trace CompressionOn Line Transaction ProcessingOpen Look Window ManagerObject ManagerOld Man (Radioamateur)Optimal MismatchOperation and MaintenanceObject/Open Management ArchitectureOpen Mobile Alliance/Architecture (Cabrio?)One-key Message Authentication CodeOpen Multimedia Applications ProtocolOperation and Maintenance PartOperation and Maintenance CenterOperation and Maintenance Center RadioOperation and Maintenance Center SwitchOn-board Modul ExtensionObject Management Facility/FrameworkObject Module FormatOpen Media FrameworkOpen Source Metadata FrameworkOpen Mosix File SystemObject Management GroupOpen Messaging/Modelling InterfaceOpen Microprocessor Systems InitiativeObject Manipulation LanguageOptical Mark RecognitionObject management System

353OMTOMUPONALONCONCSONEONIONMONMSONNONNAONNTAONPONPONPONSONUOOOOAOOCOOCOODOODBMSOOEOOFOOIOOIOOISOOKOOLOONOOPOOPOOPLOOPSOOPSOOPSOOPSLAOOSAOOTObject Modelling TechniqueOperating and Maintenance User PartOff-Network Access LineOpen Network Computing (Sun)Open Network Compute ServerOpen Net/Network Environment (Sun)Operator Number IdentificationOpen Network ManagementOpen Network Management SystemOpen Network NodeOh No, Not Again (Slang)Oh No, Not This Again (Slang)Open Network ProvisionOpen Network ProvisionOpen Networking PlatformObject Naming/Numbering SystemOptical Network UnitOwner OverrideObject Oriented (System) AnalysisObject Oriented ConceptsOut Of Characters (Slang)Object Oriented DesignObject Oriented Database Management SystemObjektorientierter EntwurfOut Of FrameObject Of Interest (Slang)Object Oriented ImplementationObject Oriented Information SystemOn Off KeyingObject Oriented LanguageObject Oriented NonsensObject Oriented Pleasure/ProgrammingOut Of Print (Slang)Object Oriented Programming LanguageObject Oriented Programming SystemObjext Oriented Proxy ServerOut Of Phase StereoObject Orientied Programming Systems, Languages and AppliObject-Oriented Software ArchitectureObject Oriented Technology

354ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIOOTBOOTCOOXMLOPAOPAOPAOPACOPALOPBOPCOPCOPCOPCOPCATOPDOPDOPDOPENOPIOPIOPICOPIEOPLOPMOPMOPMOPMLOPNOPPOPSOPSOPSECOPTOPTAOPUSOPUSOPUSOPXOQLOQPSKOut Of The Box (Slang)Obligatory On-Topic Comment (Slang)Office OpenXML (Microsoft)Old Programmers AssociationOpen Protocol ArchitectureOverview Pac AttributeOnline Public Access CatalogueOptische AnschlussleitungOn-Chip Peripheral BusOLE for Process ControlOptical Photo ConductorOptical Proximity CorrectionOutput ControlObject Process CASE ToolOberpostdirektionOriginal Point of DistributionOutput DriverOptical Pan-European NetworkOpen Prepress InterfaceOperator InterfaceOpen Programmable Interrupt ControllerOpen Palmtop Integrated EnvironmentOpen Publication LicenseObject Process MethodologyOperations Per MinuteOutput Protection ManagementOutline Processor Markup LanguageOpen Projects NetworkOpen Publication PolicyOnline Programming and SimulationOpen Profiling StandardOpen Platform for SecurityOpen Protocol TechnologyOnafhankelijke Post en Telecommunicatie Autoriteit (NL)Octal Program Updating SystemOnline Publikationsverbund der Universität StuttgartOverlay Peer Utility ServiceOff Premises ExtensionObject Query LanguageOffset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

355ORORACLEORBORBLORDBORGORNLOROMORPORSORSORSNOSOSOSAOSAOSAOSACAOSADLOSAFOSBFOSCOSCOSCOSCAROSCAROSCIOSDOSDOSDOSDOSDLOSEOSFOSGOSGIOSIOSIOSIEOSINLCPOperations ResearchOptional Reception of Announcement by Coded Line ElectroniObject Request BrokerOpen Relay Black ListOpen Relay Data Baseorganizational; Internet-Domain: Organisationen in den USAOak Ridge National LaboratoryOptical Read Only MemoryOpen Router ProjectOpen Relay ServerOutput Record Separator(European) Open Root Server NetworkOperating SystemOutput SpecificationOpen Scripting/Services/Solutions/Storage/Systems ArchitectuOpen System AuthenticationOptical Society of AmericaOpen System Architecture for Controls within Automation SysOpen Source Automation Development LaboratoryOrigin Subarea Address FieldOpen Source Business FoundationOn Scene CommanderOpen System Center (IBM)Operating System CommandOpen System for Communication in RealtimeOrbiting Satellite Carrying Amateur RadioOnline Services Computer InterfaceObject-based Storage DeviceOn Screen DisplayOpen Software Description (Format)Open Source DefinitionOpen Source Development Lab/Labs, OregonOpen Systems/Software EnvironmentOpen Software FoundationOpen Science GridOpen Services Gateway InitiativeOpen Source InitiativeOpen Systems Interconnect/Interconnection (ISO)Open Systems Interconnection EnvironmentOSI Network Layer Control Protocol

356ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIOSITOPOSLOSLOSMOSMOSNROSNROSOOSPFOSPIOSPMOSQLOSSOSSOSSOSSOSSOOSTOSTAOSTGOSTMOSTPOSUOSUOSUOSUOSVSOTOTOTOTOTAOTAOTDOTDMOTDROTFOTFOTGOTIOpen Systems Interconnection Technical and Office ProtocolsObject Script LanguageOpen Subscription LicenseOn Screen MenueOperating System Specific/Service ModuleOptical Signal to Noise RatioOptical Signal to Noise RatioOverscan OperationOpen Shortest Path First (Internet)Operating System Programming InterfaceOperating System Power ManagementObject Structured Query LanguageObject Storage ServerOpen Sound SystemOpen Source Software/SolutionOperational/Operator Support SystemOpen Source Solutions Operation (HP)Object Storage TargetOptical Storage Technology AssociationOpen Source Technology GroupOpen System Transaction ManagementOffice of Science and Technology PolicyOfficially Sanctionized UserOhio/Oklahoma/Oregon/Oswego State UniversityOn-orbit Serviceable UnitOptical Scanning UnitOperating System Virtual StorageObject TechnologyOff Topic (Slang)Open TransportOrdering TableOver The AirUS Congress Office of Technology AssessmentOptical Time DivisionOptical Time Division Multiplexer/MultiplexingOptical Time Domain ReflectometerOpen Token FoundationOpen Type Font(USB) On The GoOriginal Transmitter Identification

357OTISTOTLOTMOTOHOTPOTPOTROTRSOTTHOUIOUMOURSOVOVCOVLOVLOVPOVSTOVTOWAOWAMPOWFSOWGOWLOWLOWLOWLOWLOWLOWLOne Touch Intelligent Secutity TechnologyOut To Lunch (Slang)On Time MarkerOn The Other Hand (Slang)One-Time Pad/Password/ProgrammableOpen Trading ProtocolOne Touch Record/RecordingOpen Ticket Request SystemOn The Third Hand (Slang)Organizationally Unique IdentifierOvonic Unified MemoryOpen Users Recommended SolutionsOverflowOver-Current ProtectionOver-Load ProtectionOverlayOver-Voltage ProtectionOrtsvermittlungsstelleOver-Temperature ProtextionOutlook Web AccessOne Way Active Measurement ProtocolOptical WORM File SystemOptical WaveguideObject/Open Windows LibraryOne World LanguageOnline Web LibraryOpen Wire LineOperational Web LinkOracle Web ListenerWeb Ontology Language (sic!)PPP2PP2PP3PPAPAPAPacket, Personal, Power, Project, Protocol, PublicPolynomial timePeer To PeerPrivate To PrivatePlatform for Privacy/Private PreferencesPercentage of Allowable Aliasing EnergyPower AmplifierPreamble

358ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIPAPAPAPABPABXPACPACPACPACPACPACEPACEPACIPACSPACSPACTPACTORPACXPADPADPADPADIPADIPADIPADLPADOPADOPADRPADRPADRPADSPADSPADSPADSPADSPADTPAEPAGSIPAIDPAISYProgram/Project AdministratorProvider AggregatedPublic Address (System)Policy Advisory Body (Internet)Private Access/Automatic Branch ExchangePCI AGP ControlerPerceptual Audio CodingPlayer Access ControlPPTP Access ConcentratorPrivilege Attribute CertificatePartnership for Advanced Computing in Europe (PRACE)Priority Access Control EnabledPartnerships for Advanced Comptutational InfrastructurePersonal Access Communication SystemPicture Archiving and Communications SystemPBX and Computer TeamingPacket Radio AMTORPrivate Automatic Computer ExchangePacket Assembler and DissassemblerPersonal Aroma DiffusorPersonenauskunftsdateiPacket Assembly DissassemblyPPPoE Active Discovery InititationProtocol for Application Database InterfacePattern Development LanguagePADI Active DiscoveryPPPoE Active Discovery OfferPADO Active DiscoveryPort A Data RegisterPPPoE Active Discovery RequestParallel And Distributed SystemsPPPoE Active Discovery Session(-confirmation)Processing Arbitratry Data StreamsProcessing of Analog and Digital SignalsPublic Area Display SystemPPPoE Active Discovery TerminatePage/Physical Address ExtensionProgramme d’Action Gouvernemental pour la Societe de l’InformatPurchasing, Accepting, Invoicing, and Disbursing SystemPayroll And Information System

359PAISYPAKPAKPALPALPALPALPALPALPALCPAMPAMPAMPAMPAMRPANPANUPAPPAPPAPPAPPAPPAPRPARPARPARCPARISCPARKPARLEPASPASSPATPATPATPATPATPATAPATCPAXPAXPersonalabrechnungs- und InformationssystemPacket (Arcnet)Product Authorization KeyParadox/Programming Application LanguagePhase Alternating Line/Loop (TV)Privileged Architecture Library (DEC)Programmable Array LogicProtocol Adaptation LayerPrototype Access LanguagePlasma Addressed Liquid Crystal (Display)Personal Application ManagerPhysical Access MethodPluggable Authentication Module/ModulesPuls Amplitude ModulationPublic Access Mobile RadioPersonal Area Network/Networking (Profile)Personal Area Network UnitPassword Authentication ProtocolPoint Authorization ProtocolPrinter Access ProtocolProgrammablaufplanPublic Access ProfilePower Architecture Platform ReferencePositive Acknowledgement with RetransmissionProject Authorization Request (IEEE)Palo Alto Research Center (Xerox)Precision Architecture Reduced Instruction Set ComputerPublic Access Rights KeyParallel Architectures and Languages EuropePublicly Available SpecificationsPicture Archiving and Sharing StandardPage Attribute TablePerformance Acceleration Technique (Intel)Port Address TranslationProgram Association TablePublic Access TerminalParallel ATAPage Address Translation CacheParallel Architecture ExtendedPixel Addressing Extension

360ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIPAXPAXPBPBPBPBPBPBPBPBPBPBAPBCPBCPBCPBCPBCPBCPBDBMPBDUPBEPBGAPBMPBMPBMPBMPBNPBNACPBNSCPBOPBOPBOPBOPBOPBOPBOPBOSPBOSPBPPBUPortable Archive ExchangePublic Access XanaduPacket BusPage Break/Buffer/BuilderPipeline/Pipelined Burst (cache)PowerBook (Macintosh)Printed BoardProgram BlockPrograms BranchPublic BroadcastingPush ButtonPrinted Board AssemblyPeripheral Board ControllerPeripheral Bus ComputerPipeline Burst CachePlain-text Block ChainingProcessor Bus ControllerPush-Button ConfigurationPeripheral Backup Detailed Billing Control ElementProtocol Bridge Data UnitPrompt By ExamplePlastic Ball Grid ArrayPipelined Burst ModePort Bypass ModulePortable BitmapPosition Based MulticastPacket Based NetworkPort Based Network Access ControlPeripheral Backup NSC Control ElementPaperless Business OfficePixel Buffer ObjectPort Based ObjectPower Back OffProcess Before OutputProfiler Binary OutputPseudo Boolean OptimizationProcessed Book Open SourceProcessed Book Operating SystemPeer Binding ProtocolPage Buffer Unit

361PBXPCPCPCPCPCPCPCAPCAPCAPCAPCBPCBPCBCPCCPCCPCCPCCHPCDPCDPCDPCDPCDATAPCEPCFPCFPCFPCFPCHPCIPCIPCIPCIPCIPCIDSSPCIEPCIOSPCIPIOPCLPCLPrivate Branch ExchangePath Consistency/ControlPersonal ComputerPervasive ComputingPrimary ChannelProgram CounterProgrammable ControllerParallel Channel AdapterPersonal Client ArchitecturePolicy Certification AuthorityPrincipal Component AnalysisPrinted Circuit BoardProgram Control BlockPropagating Cipher Block ChainingPapas Computer-ClubPeoples’ Computer CompanyPortable C CompilerPhysical Control ChannelPhoto Compact DiscPlasma Coupled DevicePOSIX Conformance DocumentProtein Coated DiscParsed Character DataPhase Change ErasablePackaged Collaboration FileParallel Computing ForumPoint Coordination FunctionPortable Compiled FontPaging ChannelPayment Card IndustryPeripheral Component/Controller InterfacePeripheral Component Interconnect (Bus)Programmable Communication InterfaceProtocol Control InformationPayment Card Industry Data Security StandardPeripheral Component Interconnect Express (Bus)Processor Common Input Output SystemPCI Programmable Input/OutputPrimary Copy LockingPrinter/Procedure/Process Control Language

362ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIPCLANPCMPCMPCMPCMCIAPCNPCNFSPCPPCPPCRPCRPCRAMPCREPCSPCSPCSPCSPCSPCSPCSPCSPCSPCSPCSAPCSCPCSCPCSCPCSCPCSCPCSPPCTPCTEPCTSPCTTPCWGPDPDPDPDPDPersonal Computer Local Area NetworkPhysical Connection ManagementPlug Compatible MachinePuls-Code-ModulationPC Memory Card International AssociationPersonal Communication NetworkPersonal Computer Network File SystemPost’s Correspondence ProblemProbabistically Checkable ProofPeak Cell RatePhase Change RecordingPhase Change Random Access MemoryPerl Compatible Regular ExpressionPC Service (OSF)Personal Communication Services/SystemPersonal Conferencing SpecificationPhysical Coding Signalling/SublayerPinball Construction SetPort Concentrator ShelfPrint Contrast SignalProbabilistic Clock SynchronizationProgram Control SystemProject Control SystemPersonal Computing Systems Architecture (DEC)Personal Computer Site CoordinatorPersonal Computer Smart/Sound CardPersonal Computer/Computing Support CenterPersonal Communications Switching CenterPitch Corrected Speed ControlPartial Constraint Satisfaction ProblemPrivate Communication TechnologyPortable Common Tool EnvironmentPOSIX Conformance Test SuitePhysical Church Turing ThesisPersonal Conferencing Work GroupPage DirectoryPhase Change DualPlug + Display, P+D (Interface)Protocol DriverPublic Domain

363PDAPDAPDAPPDBPDBPDBPDCPDCPDCPDCPDCHPDDPDDPDDPDEPDESPDFPDFPDFPDFPDFPDHPDIPDIPDIALPDIFPDLPDLPDLPDLPDLCPDMPDMPDMPDMPDNPDOPDOPDOPDPPersonal Digital Assistant (Apple)Push Down AutomatonProspero Data Access ProtocolProcess Data BaseProfessional Disc for BroadcastingProtection DatabasePower Disc CartridgePrimary Domain ControllerProfessional Developer ConferenceProgram Development Computer/CouncilPhysical Data ChannelPhysical Device DriverPortable Digital DocumentProfessional Disc for DataPartial Differential EquationProduct Data Exchange StandardPOP Directional FormattingPortable Document Format (Adobe)Printer/Product Description FileProcessor Defined FunctionProgram Development FacilityPlesiochronous Digital HierarchyPacket Driver InterfacePersonal/Product Data InterchangePublic Dialup Internet Access ListProduct Definition Interchange FormatPage Description LanguagePrimary Defect ListProgram Design/Description LanguagePush Down ListPolymer Dispersed Liquid CrystalProduct and Document ManagementProduct Data ManagementProjekt- und DatenmanagementPulsdauer-ModulationPublic Data NetworkPacket Data OptimizedPortable Distributed ObjectProzessdatenobjektPacket Data Protocol

364ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIPDPPDPPDPPDPPDPPDQPDRPDRPDSPDSPDSPDSPDSPDSPDSLPDSSPDTPDTPDTPDTPDTEPDUPDVPEPEPEPEPEPEPEPEPEPEAPEAPPEARLPEBPEBPEBKACPECPECLParallel Distributed ProcessingPeer Dicovery ProtocolPlasma Display PanelPolicy Decision PointProgrammed Data Processor (DEC)Pretty Darned Quick (Slang)Packet Drop RateProgram Data RequirementPacket Driver SpecificationPartitioned Data SetProcessor Direct Slot (Apple)Professional Development SystemProgram Design SpecificationPublic Domain SoftwarePower Line Digital Subscriber LineProgram/Post Development Support SystemPortables Daten-TerminalProgrammable Drive TableProduktionsdatentechnikPropagation Delay TimePacket-mode DTEPacket/Protocol Data Unit (OSI)Path Delay ValueParity ErrorPeriphere EinrichtungPhase Encoded/EncodingPhysical ExtentProcessing ElementProduct/Professional/Project EngineerProtected EnvironmentProtective EarthProvider Edge (device)Pocket Ethernet AdapterProtected Extensible Authentication ProtocolProcess and Experiment Automation Realtime LanguagePeripheral Extension BusProcess Environment BlockProblem Exists Between Keyboard And Chair (Slang)Packet Error CheckingPHP Extension Code Libary

365PEGPELPEMPEMPENPEPPEPPEPPEPPEPPEPPEPPERPERLPERMPERTPESPESPESPESPETPETPEXPFPFPFPFAPFAPFBPFCPFDPFFPFIRPFMPFMPFNPFOSPFRPFRPFSPCI Express for GraphicsPicture ElementPrivacy Enhanced MailPrivacy Enhancement for Electronic MailPrivate Enterprise NumberPacket Exchange ProtocolPacketized Ensemble ProtocolPan European PagingPeak Envelope PowerPoint d’Echange de ProximitePolicy Enforcement PointProtocol Extension ProtocolPacket Error RatePractical Extraction and Report LanguageProgrammgesteuerte Elektronische Rechenanlage TH MüncheProgram Evaluation and Review TechniquePacketized Elementary StreamPosition/Positioning Error SignalProcessor Enhancement SocketProposed Encryption StandardPersonal Electronic Transactor (Commodore)Print Enhancement TechnologyPHIGS Extension to XPacket FilterProcess Flow (Analysis, Diagram)Punch OffPower FORTRAN AcceleratorPredictive Failure AnalysisPostscript Font BinaryPower Factor Compensation/CorrectionProgramming Facility for Display UsersPacket Filtering FirewallPeople For Internet ResponsibilityPostscript Font MetricPure Fantastic Magic (Slang)Physical File NamePassive Fiber Optic SegmentPortable Font ResourcePower Fail RestartPerfect Forward Secrecy

366ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIPFSPFSPFTPPFTPPFWPFYPGPGPGAPGAPGAPGCPGEPGIPGLPGLPGMPGMPGMLPGOPGNPGPPHPHPHBPHCBPHIGSPHOTONPHPPHPPHSPHYPHYPIPIPIPIPIPIPIAPortable File SystemProfessional File system (Amiga)Passive FTPPort File Transfer ProgramPersonal FirewallPimply-Faced Youth (BOFH’s assistant)Program/ProgrammeProject GutenbergPin Grid ArrayProfessional Graphics AdapterProgram Global AreaProgram ChainPTE Global FlagParameter Group IdentifierPeer Group LeaderProfessional Games LeaguePortable Gray MapPragmatic General Multicast (protocol)Precision Graphics Markup LanguageProfile Guided OptimizationPortable Game NotationPretty Good Privacy/Piracy/ProtectionPacket HandlerPolynomial HierarchyPer Hop BehaviourPage Header Control BitProgrammers Hierarchical Interactive Graphics SystemPaneuropean Photonic Transport Overlay NetworkPersonal Home Page (Tools)PHP Hypertext PreprocessorPersonal Handy-Phone SystemPhysical AccessPhysical Layer ProtocolPage ImpressionParameter IdentifierPartial InterchangeabilityProfibus InternationalProgram Identification/InterruptionProtection IndexPeripheral Interface Adapter

367PIAPICPICPICPICPICPICPICPICPICAPICMGPICSPICSPICSPIDPIDPIDPIEPIEPIFPIFPIFPIFSPIGPIIPIKPILPIMPIMPIMPIMPIMFPIMSPINPINPINPINETPINGPINTPINTPrivacy Impact AssessmentPicture FilePlatform for Internet ContentPosition Independent CodePrimary Interexchange CarrierPriority/Programmable Interrupt ControllerProgrammable Integrated CircuitProgrammable InterconnectionProgrammable Interrupt ControllerPersonal Internet Client ArchitecturePCI Industrial Computers Manufacturers GroupPlatform for Internet Content SelectionProtocol Implementation Conformance StatementProtocol Interoperability Conformance StatmentPersistant/Personal/Protocol IdentifierPrivater InformationsdienstProcess/Protocol Identifier (Identification Number)Persistent Identification ElementPosition Independent ExecutableParity Inner Fails/FailuresPostscript Interchange FormatProgram Information File (Microsoft)Point Coordination/PCF Inter Frame SpacePathologischer Internet-GebrauchPersonally Identifiable InformationProgrammer’s Imaging KernelPython Imaging LibraryPersonal Information Manager/ManagementPort Interface ModuleProcessor In MemoryProtocol Independent MulticastingPair In Metal Foil (cable)Project Information Management SystemPersönliche Identifikations-NummerProcessor Independent NetWareProgram Item NumberPhysics Information NetworkPacket Internet GroperPhone IP Internetworking (Services)PSTN and Internet Internetworking

368ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIPINXPIOPIOFSPIPPIPPIPPIPPIPPIPPIPPIPIPIPOPIRPIRPISPISPISSPITPITAPITACPITRPIUPIUPIWPIXELPIXITPJLPKPKCPKCSPKIPKIPKVPKZPLPLPLPLPLPLAPrivate Integrated Services Network ExchangeParallel/Programmable/Programmed Input/Output (Chip)Parallel I/O File SystemP-Internet-ProtocolPath Independent ProtocolPeer Information ProtocolPeriodical Informational PostingPeripheral Interchange ProgramPicture in PictureProcess Improvement ProposalPacket Interchange Protocol InstructionParallel In, Parallel OutPrivate Information RetrievalPublic Internet RegistryPersonal-Informations-SystemPremium Information ServicePublic Information System SpecialistProgrammable Interval TimerPine In The Ass (Slang)President’s Information Technology Advisory CommitteePoint-In-Time RecoveryPath Information UnitPathological Internet UsePhoto Imaging WorkstationPicture ElementProtocol Implementation Extra Informations for TestingPrinter Job LanguagePrimary KeyPublic Key CryptographyPublic Key Cryptography Standards (Group)Philips Kommunikationsindustrie AGPersonal/Public Key InfrastructurePrivatkundenvertrieb (Telekom)PersonenkennzifferPayload LengthPhysical LayerPresentation LayerPrivate LineProgramming LanguagePartial Look Ahead

369PLAPLATOPLBPLBPLCPLCPLCPLCPLCCPLCEPLCPPLDPLEPLEDMPLICPLIDPLIPPLLPLLPLMPLMPLMNPLPPLPPLPPLPPLPPLRPLSPLSPLSIPLTPLTPLUMPSPLVPLZPMPMPMPMProgrammable Logic ArrayProgrammed Logic for Automatic Teaching OperationsPersonal Locator BeaconProcessor Local BusPacket Loss ConcealmentPower Line Communication/ConverterProduct Lifecycle (Management)Programmable Logic ControllerPlastic Leadless Chip CarrierPeripheral and Loading Control ElementPhysical Layer Convergence ProtocolProgrammable Logic DeviceProgrammable Logic ElementPhase-state Low Electron Drive MemoryProgrammable Logic Integrated CircuitPlugin IdentifierParallel Line Internet ProtocolPermanent Logical LinkPhase Locked LoopProduct Lifecycle ManagementProgramming Language for MicrocomputersPublic Land Mobile NetworkPacket Layer ProtocolPerl PagePersonal License PasswordPortable Line Printer (spooler system)Presentation Level ProtocolPacket Lost RatioPhysical Layer SignalingProgrammable Logic SequencerProgrammable Large Scale IntegrationPower Line TelecommunicationProcedure Linkage TablePublic Long-distance Unified Mail Provider Service/SystemPresentation/Production Level VideoPostleitzahlPerformance ManagementPhasenmodulationPhysical ModelingPower Management

370ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIPMPMPMPMPMPMAPMAPMAPMAPMACPMACPMAPPMCPMCPMDPMDPMDPMEPMEPMETCPMFJIBPMIPMKPMLPMMUPMOSPMPPMPPMPPMPOPMRPMRPMSPMSPMSPMTPMTMRPMTUPMWPMXPresentation Manager (IBM)Preventive MaintenancePrivate MailProblem/Process/Project ManagementProtected ModeParked Member Addressing (Bluetooth)Performance Management and AccountingPhysical Medium AttachmentProgram AreaParallelizable Message Authentication CodeProgrammable Multi Axis ControllerPort MapperPhysical Media Components SublayerProgrammable Machine ControllerPacket Mode DataPhysical Medium Dependence/Dependent (Layer)Polarization Mode DispersionPattern Matching EnginePower Management EventPardon Me, etc. (Slang)Pardon Me For Jumping In But (Slang)Product Manufacturing InformationPairwise Master KeyProgrammable Macro LogicPaged Memory Management Unitp-Channel MOS (Transistor)Point to Multi PointProcess Management PortalProtected Media PathPeak Music Power OutputPerpendicular Magnetic RecordingPrivate Mobile RadioPantone Matching System (Colours)Password Management SystemPrinter Management SoftwareProgram Map TablePower Management TimerPath Maximum Transfer UnitProject Manager WorkbenchPresentation Manager for X

371PMXASPNPNPNPNAPNAPNCPNCPPNDPNDPNGPNNIPNOPNOPNPPNPPNRPNSPNSPNWPOPOAPOBPOCPOCPOCPOCPOCPOCPOCPOCPOCPOCPOCPOCEPOCSAGPODPODPODPODPrimär-Multiplex-Anschluss (ISDN)Part/Path NumberPhase NoisePunch OnParallel Network ArchitecturePersonal Navigation AssistantPaging Network ControllerPeripheral Network Control PointPersonennamendateiPortable Navigation DevicePortable Network GraphicPrivate Network/Node to Network InterfaceProfibus-Nutzer OrganisationPublic Network OperatorPositive Negative Positive (Transistor)Plug and Play/PrayPassenger Name RecordPost’s Normal SystemPPTP Network ServerPersonal NetWare (Novell)Paper Out, Parity OddPost Office AgentPost Office BoxPhase-only CorrelationPlanned Organizational ChangePoint Of Call/Communication/Consistency/ContactPolicy Oversight Committee (Internet)Portable Object CompilerPost Operative ConstipationPower ConverterProcessor Outage ControlProof Of ConceptPurchase Order ChangePush-to-Talk Over Cellular (Phone)Pantone Open Color EnvironmentPost Office Standardisation Advisory GroupPiece Of DataPing Of DeathPlain Old Data/DocumentationPoint Of Demarcation/Deployment/Distribution

372ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIPODPODPODPODPODPODAPOEPOEPOEMPOETPOETPOFPOFPOHPOHPOIPOIPOLPOLPOMPOMPONPOPPOPPOPPOPOPOPSPORPORPOSPOSPOSPOSPOSEPOSIPOSIXPOSTPOTPOTSPOVPop-up DirectoryPrint/Printing/Publishing On DemandProcessing Of DataProject Overview DocumentProtocol Object DevicePriority-Oriented Demand AssignmentPower Open Environment (IBM)Power Over EthernetPortable Object-oriented Entity ManagerPersistent Objects and Extended Database TechnologyPartially Overlapped Echo Cancelled TransmissionParity Outer Fails/FailuresPlastic/Polymer Optical FiberPath Section OverheadPower-on HoursPath Overhead IndicatorPoint Of Information/Interaction/Interconnection/InterestPoint of LearningProblem Oriented LanguagePersistant Object ManagerProject Object ModelPassive Optical NetworkPoint of Presence/PurchasePost Office Protocol (Internet)Probability Of PlagiarismPost Office Protocol Object/OperatorPerformance Optimized Page SizePacific Ocean RegionPower-on ResetPersistant Object Service/SimplePersonal Operating SpacePivoting Optical ServoPoint of SalePortable Operating System ExtensionPromotion Conference for OSI, JapanPortable Operating System Interface for Computer Systems/UNIXPower-on Self TestPortable Object Template/TranslationPlain Old Telephone Service/SystemPersistence Of Vision

373POV Point Of View (Slang)POWER Performance Optimization/Optimized With Enhanced RISC (IPP Peering PointPP Physical PartitionPP Portable PartPP Predictive PipeliningPP Protection ProfilePPA Print Performance Architecture (HP)PPB Paced Packet BatchPPC Pay Per ClickPPC Personal Productivity CenterPPC Physical Presence CommandPPC Power PCPPC Production Planning and ControlPPCS Phoenix Page Control SystemPPD Postscript Printer Description (Adobe)PPDS Personal Printer Data StreamPPF Plain Paper FaxPPF Print Production FormatPPGA Platic Pin Grid ArrayPPH Pages per HourPPI pixels per inchPPI Programmable Peripheral InterfacePPID Parent Process Identification NumberPPL Point-to-Point/Process-to-Process LinkPPM Parts per MillePPM Pages per MinutePPM Perl Package ManagerPPM Portable PixmapPPM Post Programmable MemoryPPM Prediction by Partial MatchingPPM Process Performance ManagerPPM Pulse Position ModulationPPN Private Packet NetworkPPP Point-to-Point Protocol (Internet)PPPOE Point-to-Point Protocol Over EthernetPPRC Peer-to-Peer Remote CopyPPS Point of Presence ServerPPS Precise Positioning Service/SystemPPS Production Planning System

374ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIPPSPPSPPTPPPUPPUCPQETPQNPRPRPRPRPRPRPRPRAPRAPRACEPRAMPRCSPRDPRDMDPREPREPPRFPRIPRIGPRISMPRISMPRMDPRMLPRMSPRNPRNPRNPRNPRNETPRNGPROPROFSPROLOGProgramming Procedures and StandardsPulse Per SecondPoint to Point Tunneling ProtocolPhysics Processing UnitProbably Permanently Under Construction (Web, Slang)Print Quality Enhancement TechnologyPrefix Query NotationPacing ResponsePacket RadioPage RankPath ReplacementPerpendicular RecordingPrimitive Recursive (function)Public RelationsPrimary Rate AccessPurported Responsible AddressPartnership for Advanced Computing in Europe (PACE)Parallel/Perimeter/Phase Change Random Access MemoryProject Revision Control SystemProgram Requirements DocumentPrivate Directory Management DomainPartial Redundancy EliminationPowerPC Reference PlatformPulse Repetition FrequencyPrimary Rate Interface (ISDN)Packet Radio Interest GroupParallel Reduced Instruction Set MultiprocessorPublishing Requirements for Industry Standard MetadataPrivate Management Domain (X.400)Partial Response Maximum LikelihoodProblem Report Management SystemPacket Radio NetworkPermanent/Pseudo Random NumberPrinterPseudo Random Noise (GPS)Packet Radio NetworkPseudo Random Number GeneratorPrecision RISC OrganizationProfessional Office System (IBM)Programming in Logic

375PROMPRPPRQPRSPRTIPSPSPSPSPSPSPSPSPSAPSABIPSAPPSBPSCPSCPSCPSCPSCNPSCTPSDPSDPSDPSDPSDSPSDNPSEPSEPSEPSEPSEPSEPSFPSFPSFQPSIPSIProgrammable Read Only MemoryPeer Resolver ProtocolPreisrequestPrint Management Service (OSF)Professional Realtime InterfacePacket SwitchPersonal System (IBM)(Adobe) PostScriptPower SupplyPrivilege ServiceProgram Service NameProgram StreamProportional SpacingPhysical Sector AddressProcessor Specific Application Binary InterfacePublic Safety Answering PointPath State BlockPhysical Signaling Components SublayerPittsburgh Supercomputer CenterPrint Scan CopyProduct Service CenterProgram Support Communications NetworkPolymer Stabilized Cholesteric Texture (Display)Page Setup DialoguePlatform Specific DriverPower Saving DrivePower Spectral/Spectrum DensityPower Spectral/Spectrum Density ShapingPacket/Public Switched/Switching Data/Digital NetworkPacket Switching ExchangePage Size ExtensionPath Switching ElementPersonal Security EnvironmentPersonen-Such-EinrichtungPort Switched EthernetPC Screen FontPermanent Swap FilePump Slowly, Fetch QuicklyPacketnet System InterfacePostscript Interpreter

376ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIPSKPSKPSLPSNPSNPSNRPSOPSPPSPPSPPSPPSPPSPPSPDNPSRPSRPSRPSRPSRPSRPSRPSRPSRPSRAMPSSPSSCPSTPSTNPSUPSUPSWPSYCPTPTPTPTALPTBPTBRPTBTPTBTPhase Shift KeyingPre-Shared KeyProblem Statement LanguagePacket Switch NodeProcessor Serial NumberPeak Signal to Noise RatioProtocol Supporting Organization(Corel) Paint Shop ProPascal/Python Server PagesPersonal Software ProcessProgram Segment PrefixProgrammable Signal ProcessorProjektstrukturplanPacket Switched Public Data NetworkParallel/Processor/Project SoftwarePhase Shift ResistivityPhysical Storage ResourcePower/Processor/Program State/Status RegisterPrescaler Select RegisterPriority Service RequestProgram Support RequirementsProgrammable ScannerProject Status ReportPseudo Static Random Access MemoryPrivate Signalling SystemPreliminary System Security ConceptPre-Structured TechnologyPublic Switched/Switching Telephone NetworkPage Storage UnitPower Supply UnitProgram Status WordProtocol for Synchronous ConferencingPacket/Payload TypePage TablePayload TypePayment Transaction Application LayerPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, BraunschweigPage Table Base RegisterPrime Times, Bad TimesProbabilistic Timed Behaviour Tree

377PTDPTEPTFPTFPTIPTMPPTMSCPTNPTOPTOPTOPTPPTRPTSPTSPTSPTSEPTTPTTPTYPTZPUPUCPUIPUKPULPUMAPUOPUPPUPPUPAPUPMPUPSPURLPUSPUSPVPVPVAPVCParallel Transfer Disk DrivePage Table EntryProgram Temporary FixPthread FrameworkPayload Type Identifier/IndicatorPoint To Multi Point (Connection)Point To Multipoint Service CentrePlant Test NumberPatent and Trademark Office, USAPlease Turn Over (Slang)Public Telecommunication Network OperatorPoint To Point (Connection)Pointer Record (DNS)Post- och TelestyrelsenPresentation Time StampProblem Tracking SystemPNNI Topology State ElementPost, Telephon, TelegraphPush To Talk (key)Program TypePosttechnisches Zentralamt, DarmstadtPhysical/Processing UnitPublic Utility CommissionPicoscopic User InterfacePersonal Unblocking KeyPacket Underway LimitProtected User-Mode AudioProhibited User OperationPARC Universal Packet (Protocol)Product UpgradePreliminary Universal Programming Architexture (for GRUB)Price per User Per MonthPDP UNIX Preservation SocietyPersistent Uniform Resource LocatorPotenziell unerwünschte (unwanted) SoftwareProcessor Upgrade SocketpaketvermitteltPhysical VolumePatterned Vertical Alignment (panel)Permanent Virtual Channel/Circuit/Connection

378ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIPVFSPVMPVNPVPPVRPVRPVRPVRAPVSPVSPVTPVVPWPWBPWBPWIPWLPWMPWPPWRPWSPWSCSPXEPXIPXISAPZFPZMPZPParallel Virtual File SystemParallel/Passthru Virtual Machine (IBM)Private/Programmable Virtual NetworkProtected Video PathPermanent Virtual RoutePersonal Video RecorderPhysical Volume RepositoryPhysical Volume Reserved AreaPotentially Visible SetProfessional Vision ServicesPosition, Velocity, Time (GPS)Path Variability ValuePseudo WirePrinted Wire BoardProgrammer’s WorkbenchPublic Windows Initiative/InterfacePassword ListPulse Width Modulation, PulsweitenmodulationPhase Wobble PrepitPower (Saft)Personal WorkstationProgrammable Workstation Communication ServicesPreboot Execution EnvironmentPCI Extension for InstrumentationPXI Systems AlliancePseudozufallsfolgePunkt-zu-Mehrpunkt (-Verbindung, ISDN)Punkt-zu-Punkt (-Verbindung, ISDN)QQAQAQAQAMQAREQAWNQBEQBFQBICQuality, Query, QueueQuality Assurance/AuditQuery AnalyserQuestions and Answers, Q&AQuadraturamplitudenmodulationQuick Agent Runtime EnvironmentQoS in Ad hoc Wireless NetworksQuery By ExampleQuery By FormsQuery by Image Content

379QBMQCAQCBQCIFQDQDLQDRQESQFAQFDQFPQFPQFTQIAMQICQICQIDQISAMQLQLLCQLPQMQMFQMRQMSQMTPQNNQOSQPIQPLQPLQPSKQRIQRSSQSQSAQSAMQSDPCMQSIGQSIGQuad Band MemoryQuantum-dot Cellular AutomatonQueue Control BlockQuarter Common Intermediate FormatQuad Density, Quick DisconnectionQuadri Data LayerQuad Data RateQualifizierte elektronische SignaturQuick File AccessQuality Function DeploymentQuadratic FlatpackQuestions Frequent/Frequemment PoseesQueued File TransportQueued Indexed Access MethodQuality Insurance ChainQuarter Inch Cartridge/CommitteeQuanteninformationsdynamikQueued Index Sequential Access MethodQuery LanguageQualified Logical Link ControlQuery Language ProcessorQuality ManagementQuery Management FacilityQuarterly Maintenance ReleaseQuality Management SystemQuick Mail Transfer ProtocolQuantum Neural NetworkQuality of ServiceQuickPath Interconnect/InterfaceQ Public License (Trolltech)Quantum/Questionaire Programming LanguageQuadrature/Quaternary Phase Shift KeyingQueue Response IndicatorQuasi Random Signal SourceQualitätssicherungQt Script for ApplicationsQueued Sequential Access MethodQuadtree-strukturierte Differenz-Puls-Code-ModulationQuersignalisierungUnified International Corporate Network Signalling Standard

380ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIQSMTPQSNDQSTQSTQSTQSTQSTQTAMQTDQTMLQUEDQUIPQUISAMQWERTYQWERTZQXMLQueued SMTPQueue Send (command)Calling All Stations (not an acronym)Qualified Software TesterQualitäts- und SicherheitstechnikQuick Start TutorialQuiet System Technology (Intel)Queued Teleprocessing Access MethodQuote of The DayQuicktime Media LayerQuick EditorQuery Interactive ProcessorQueued Index Sequential Access Method(US Typewriter Layout)(German Typewriter Layout)QuarkXPress Markup LanguageRRARARARARARARARABRACRACRACRACERACERACFRACHRACKSRACONRADRADARRADBRADIUSRadio, Real, Receive, Reference, RemoteRadiocommunications AgencyRandom AvailabilityReceiver AddressRegulärer AusdruckRepository AccessReturn AuthorizationRouter AdvertisementRAID Advisory BoardRadio Amateurs of/du CanadaReal Application Cluster (Oracle)Remote Access ConcentratorResearch And Development in Advanced Communication TechnoloRow-based ASCII Compatible EncodingResource Access Control Facility (IBM)Random Access ChannelReusable Application Interface for Communicating Real-Time KerRadar BeaconRapid Application DevelopmentRadio Detecting and RangingRouting Arbiter Data BaseRemote Access/Authentication Dial-In User Service

381RADSLRAEBNCRAGRAIRAIDRAKRALRALURAMRAMRAMRAMDACRAMPRAMPSRANDRAORAOLSRRAPRAPRAPRAPRAPRARRARERARPRASRASRASRASRASRASMEDRASTRASUMRATPRATSRATSRAVERAWRBACRBAMRate Adaptive Digital Subscriber LineRead And Enjoyed, But No Comment (Slang)Row Address GeneratorRemote Alarm IndicationRedundant Array of Inexpensive/Independent DiscsRegeln für die alphabetische KatalogisierungRutherford Appleton Laboratory, UKRegister Arithmetic Logic UnitRandom Access Machine/MemoryRate Adaptive ModeRechargeable Alcali Mangan (battery)Random Access Memory Digital Analog ConverterRemote Access Maintenance ProtocolReliability, Availability, Manageability, Performance, ServiceabReasonable and Non-Discriminatory (License)Remote Access OutsourcingRadio Aware Optimized Link State RoutingRadio Local Loop Access ProfileRapid Application PrototypingRogue Access PointRoute Access ProtocolRoving Analysis PortRoshal ArchiverReseaux Associes pour la Recherche EuropeenneReverse Address Resolution Protocol (Internet)Random Access StorageRegistration, Admission, and StatusReliability, Availability and ServiceabilityRemote Access Server/ServiceRow Address Select/StrobeRedundant Array of Slightly More Expensive DisksReceive and Send TerminalReliability, Availability, Serviceability, Usability, ManageabilitReliable Asychronous Transfer Protocol (Internet)Radio Amateur Telecommunications SocietyRough Auditing Tool for SecurityRenderer Acceleration Virtual MachineRead After WriteRole Based Access ControlRemote Batch Access Method

382ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIRBBSRBERRBLRBMRBOCRBSRBWRBWRBWRCRCRCRCRCRCRCRCRCARCARCBRCCRCCRCCRCCRCCRCDRCDATARCERCERCEVHRCFRCLKRCPRCPRCPRCSRCSRCSRCSRCURemote Bulletin Board SystemResidual Bit Error RateRealtime/Remote Black/Blackhole ListRule Base MemoryRegional Bell Operating CompanyReference Broadcast SynchronizationResolution BandwidthReverse Band WorkingRoll Back VersionReaction ControllerReceive CommonReceiver ClockReconfigurable ComputingRelease Candidate/CriticalReplica CatalogRivest CipherRun CommandRadio Corporation of Amerika, USARipple Carry AdderRelease Critical BugRadio Common CarrierReduced Complexity ComputerRemote Cluster ControllerRescue Coordination CentreRouting Control Center/ChannelRecordable Compact DiscReplaceable Character DataRegion Code EnhancementRevision Control EngineResearch Centre for the Education of the Visually HandicappedRegistration ConfirmationRack ClockRadio Control ProtocolReality Immersion CoprocessorRetransmission Control ProcedureRecord Communication Switching SystemResource Construction SetRevision Control SystemRights Control SystemRead, Copy, Update

383RCVRDRDRDRDRDR&DRDARDATRDBRDBRDBMSRDCRDCCGRDDRDERDFRDHRDLRDMARDNRDORDOSRDPRDPRDRRDRAMRDRNRDSRDSRDSRDSRDSLRDSRRDSSRDSTRDTSCREREREReceiveReceive DataRecursive DesignRequest DisconnectResource DiscoveryRoute DistinguisherResearch and DevelopmentRemote Data/Database AccessRotary Digital Audio TapeReceive Data BufferRelational DatabaseRelationales Datenbank-Management-SystemRemote Dual CopyRegional Data and Computing Center Germany, KarlsruheReplaceable Database DriverRuby Development EnvironmentResource Definition/Description Format/FrameworkRSA DES HybridRegister Description LanguageRemote Direct Memory AccessRelative Distinguished NameRemote Data ObjectReal-time Disk Operating SystemReliable Datagram Protocol (Internet)Remote Desktop ProtocolRijksdienst voor RadiocommunicatieRambus Dynamic Random Access MemoryRapidly Deployable Radio NetworkRadio Data SystemRapid Development SystemRemote Data ServicesResolver Discovery ServiceRate-adaptive/Residential/Reverse Digital Subscriber LineReceiver Data Service RequestRadio Determination Satellite ServicesRotating Head Digital Storage TapeRead Time Stamp CounterRecallRegular ExpressionReport Engine

384ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIREREREACHREADSL2REDREGREGTPREJREKORELREMREMREMREMREOREPREPREQRESRESRESRESRESTRESVRETREXXRFRFRFRFRFARFARFBRFCRFCRFCRFDRFERFERFHRecursively EnumerableReverse EngineeringRegistration, Evaluation, and Authorization of ChemicalsReach Enhanced ADSL2Random Early DetectionRegular LanguagesRegulierungsbehörde für Telekommunikation und PostRejectReparatur-Konzept (Swisscom)Rights Expression LanguageRemarkRemoteReseau d’Enseignement MultimediaRing Error MonitorRemovable Erasable Optical DiskReply to Message NumberRobots Exclusion ProtocolRequestRadio Equipment and SystemsRemote Execution Server/ServiceReset, RestoreRotation Error SignalRepresentational State TransferRSVP Reservation RequestResolution Enhancement Technology (HP)Restructured Extended Executor (IBM)Radio FrequencyRelevance FeedbackRemote FileRoyalty Free (License)Remote File AccessRequest For Adoption (Debian)Remote Frame BufferRemote Function CallRequest For Comments (Internet)Response For a ClassRequest For Discussion (Usenet)Radio Free EthernetRequest For EnhancementRemote Frame Handler

385RFIRFIRFIDRFLARFNMRFPRFPRFPRFQRFSRFSRFTRFTRFURGRGBRGBARGDIRGPRG/URHRHRHADRHCRHCERHCSRHELRHNRHNTRHOBRHSRHSARIRIRIARIARIARIAARIASRIBRadio Frequency InterferenceRequest For InformationRadio Frequency IdentificationReal Full Look AheadReady/Request For Next MessageRadio Fixed PartsRequest For Packaging (Debian)Request For ProposalRequest For Quotation/QuoteRemote File Sharing/SystemRemote Forensic SoftwareRequest For Technology (OSF)Revisable Format TextReserved for Future UseRadio Guide (coax cables)Rot (Red), Grün (Green), Blau (Blue) (Farbmodell)Rot (Red), Grün (Green), Blau (Blue), Alpha (Farbmodell)Renaissance Graphics Device InterfaceRaster Graphics ProcessorRadio Guide/Utility (Kabel)Request/Response HeaderRegistration HierarchyRed Hat Advanced Development (Laboratories)Regional (Bell) Holding CompanyRed Hat Certified EngineerRed Hat Cluster SuiteRed Hat Enterprise LinuxRed Hat NetworkRegistration Hierarchical Name TreeRelevant Hierarchical Operational BindingRight Hand SideRed Hat Security AdvisoryReferential IntegrityRing In/IndicatorRed Ink AwardRich Internet Application(s)Robot Institute of AmericaRecording Industry Association of AmericaRundfunk Im Amerikanischen Sektor, BerlinRenderMan Interface Bytestream

386ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIRIBRICRIDRIDRIFRIFRIFRIFRIFRIFRIFRIFFRIIRIMRIMRIMRIMMRIMSRIPRIPRIPRIPRIPERIPLRIPNGRIPSORIRRISRISCRITARITARJRJERJSRKERKORLRLRLRLCRouting Information BaseRadio Identify CodeRelative IdentifierRetinal Imaging DisplayRadio/Renderman InterfaceRecord IdentifierRegional/Resource InformationResource Interchange FileRouting Information Field/FrameRule InformationRule Interchange FormatResource Interchange File FormatRing/Routing Information IndicatorRecords and Information ManagementRemote Installation and MaintenaceRequest Initialization ModeRambus In-line Memory ModuleRanging Integrity Monitoring StationRaster Image ProcessorRequest In ProgressRouting Information ProtocolRemote Image/Imaging Protocol/ProcessingReseaux IP EuropeenneRemote Initial Program LoadingRouting Information Protocol Next GenerationRevised Internet Protocol Security OptionRegional Internet RegistryRemote Installation ServicesReduced Instruction Set Code/ComputerReduced Interim Type ApprovalReliable Internetwork Troubleshooting AgentRegistered JackRemote Job Entry (IBM)Remote Job ServiceRemote Keyless EntryRoot Key OperatorReal Life (Slang)Reconfigurable LogicRemote LoopbackRadio Link Control

387RLCRLERLERLFRLGRLINRLLRLLRLLRLMRLMRLMRLMTRLNRLPRLPRLSRLSDRLVRMRMRMRMARMARMCRMCRMCRMFRMIRMIIRMOARMONRMPRMPRMPRMPRMPRMSRMSRMSRun Length CodingResearch Laboratory of ElectronicsRun Length Encoded/EncodingReverse Line FeedResearch Libraries GroupResearch Libraries Information Network (RLG)Radio in the Local LoopRow Level LockingRun Length LimitedReceiver-driven Layered MulticastRobotic Library ManagerRobust Linear ModelRedundant Link Management TechnologyRemote LAN NodeRadio Link ProtocolResource Location ProtocolRemote Learning SystemReceived Line Signal DetectedRingleitungsverteilerReference ModelResource ManagementRetention ModuleRate Monotonic AnalysisRemote Memory AccessRadio Monte CarloRambus Memory ControllerResource Monitoring and ControlRemote Management FacilityRemote Method InvocationReduced Media Independent InterfaceRealtime Multimedia Over ATMRemote (Network) MonitoringRadio Management PanelRandom Match ProbabilityReliable Multicast ProtocolRemote Maintenance Panel/ProcessorResource Management Plan/Program/ProjectRAID Management SoftwareRate Monotonic SchedulingReason Maintenance System

388ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIRMS Record/Resource Management Services/SystemRMS Replica Management SystemRMS Richard Matthew StallmanRMS Root Mean SquareRMT Reliable Multicast TransportRMT Ring ManagementRNA Remote Network AccessRNA RufnummernanzeigeRNARS Royal Navy Amateur Radio SocietyRNC Radio Network ControllerRNG Random Number GeneratorRNI Reseau National d’Interconnexion de RenaterRNIS Reseau Numerique a Integration de ServicesRNR Receive Not Ready (frame)RNRT Reseau National de Recherche en TelecommunicationsRNSI Remote Node Service for ISDNRO Read OnlyRO Ring OutROADS Resource Organization And Discovery in Subject-based servicesROADS Running Out of Address SpaceROBO Remote Office Branch OfficeROC Restricted Operators CertificateRODPO Reading on Demand - Paper Option (vulgo Buch)ROFBTC Rolling On the Floor Biting The Carpet (Slang)ROFL Rolling On the Floor Laughing (Slang)ROFLASTC Rolling On the Floor Laughing And Scaring The Cat (Slang)ROFLMAO Rolling On The Floor Laughing My Ass Off (Slang)ROHC Robust Header CompressionROHS Restriction Of the use of certain Hazardous Substances in ElectricROI Rectangle/Region Of InterestROI Return Of InvestmentROKSO Register Of Known Spam OperationsROLAP Relational Online Analytical ProcessingROLZ Reduced Offset Lempel Ziv (Algorithmus)ROM RAID On the MotherboardROM Read Only MemoryRONJA Reasonable Optical Near Joint AccessROP RISC OperationROPES Rapid Object Oriented Process for Embedded SystemsROPS Remote Operations Service

389ROSROSROSROSAROSEROSEROSEROTDROTFLROWRPRPRPRPARPBRPBRPCRPCRPCRPCRPDRPDBRPDFPRPELPCRPELTPRPFRPGRPLRPLRPMRPMRPMRPMRPNRPPROMRPSRPSRPSLRPSURPURecord On SiliconRemote Operation ServiceResident Operating SystemReceive Only Satellite AntennaRATS Open System EnvironmentResearch Open Systems for EuropeRemote Operations Service Element/EntityRelease Of The DayRolling On The Floor Laughing (Slang)Rest Of the WorldRadio PagingRandomized Polynomial timeRendezvous PointRemote Passphrase AuthenticationRadio-Praktiker-BüchereiReverse Path BroadcastingRadio Paging CallRegional Playback ControlRemote Procedure CallRoot Path CostRapid Prototyping DevelopmentRouting Policy DatabaseRemote Physical Device Finger PrintingRegular Pulse Excited Linear Predictive CoderRegular Pulse Excitation with Long-Term Prediction LoopReverse Path ForwardingRecord Program Generator (IBM)Requested Privilege LevelResident Programming LanguageRadio Packet ModemRapid Prototyping ModuleRed Hat Package ManagerRevolutions per minuteReverse Polish NotationReprogrammable PROMRedundant Power SupplyRemote Procedure ServicesRouting Policy Specification LanguageRedundant Power Supply UnitRay Processing Unit

390ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIRQBERQSTRRRRRRRRRRRRARRASRRCRRDRRGRRIRRIPRRJRRLPRRORRPRRQRRTRRTRRTRRTRRTRRTRRTRRTRRTRRZNRSRSRSRSRSRSRSRSRS232RSARSACRelational Query By ExampleRequestRadio RegulationsReal RealityReceive/Receiver ReadyResource Record (DNS)Round RobinRemote Record AccessRouting and Remote Access ServiceRadio Resource ControlRound Robin DatabaseReichsrundfunkgesellschaftResource Recovery InterfaceRock Ridge Interchange ProtocolRegistration RejectRadio Resource LCS ProtocolRadial Run OutRegistry Registrar ProtocolRegistration RequestRadar Range TrackingRadio Receiver TransmitterRadio Relay TerminalRandom/Randomized Response TechniqueRange Router TableRapid Reprogramming TerminalRecommended Replacement TimeRequest Response TraceRouting Request TimerRegionales Rechenzentrum Niedersachsen, HannoverReader StopRecommended StandardRecord SeparatorReed Solomon (Code)Registry ServiceRequest to SendRoute ServerRouter SolicitationRecommended Standard 232 (Norm für serielle Schnittstelle)Rivest, Shamir, AdlemanRecreational Software Advisory Council

391RSBRSBRSBACRSCSRSCVRSDPRSDTRSERSETRSFQRSIRSIPRSISRSLRSLRSLRSLRSLRSLRSLRSMLTRSNRSNRSOHRSPRSPCRSPCWSRSRBRSSRSSRSSRSSRSSRSSACRSSIRSTRSTRSTRSTERSTPRepair Service BureauReservation State BlockRule Set Based Access ControlRemote Spooling and Communications SubsystemRoute Selection Control VectorRoot System Description PointerRoot System Description TableRegister Stack EngineResetRapid Single Flux Quantum (Logic)Repetitive Strain InjuryRealm Specific Internet Protocol (parameter)Relocateable Screen Interface SpecificationRadio Signaling LinkReceived Signal LevelRegistry Size LimitRequest and Status LinkReserve Static LineResilient Server LinkResource Specification LanguageRouted Split Multi Link TrunkingReal Soon Now (Slang)Russian Security NewslineRegenerator Section OverheadRequired Space CharacterReed Solomon Product CodeRoyal Society for the Prevention of Cruelties to Web SurfersRemote Source Route BridgingRadio SubsystemRDF Site SummaryReally Simple SyndicationResident Set SizeRich Site SummaryRoot Server System Advisory CommitteeReceived Signal Strength IndicationReadability, Signal Strength, and ToneReceive Start ThresholdReset and RestartRegenerator Section Terminating EquipmentRapid Spanning Tree Protocol

392ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIRSTSRSTVRSVDRSVPRSXRTRTRTRTRTARTAIRTAMRTASRTBRTCRTCRTCRTCARTCMRTCPRTDLRTERTERTEIDRTELRTEMSRTEMSRTFRTFAQRTFBRTFFRTFMRTFSRTKRTKRTLRTLRTLRTLSRTMResource Sharing and Time SharingRundfunkstaatsvertragReservedResource Reservation Setup ProtocolReal Time Resource Sharing ExecutiveRadio TextReal/Run TimeReceive TimingRISC TechnologyRunder Tisch AmateurfunkReal Time Application InterfaceRemote Terminal Access MethodRun-Time Abstraction ServicesRegional TestbedReal Time ClockReturn To ControlReseaux Telphoniques CommutesRadio Technical Commission for AeronauticsRadio Technical Commission for Maritime ServicesRealtime Transport Control ProtocolReal-Time Data LinkReal-Time EnterpriseRight to Left EmbeddingReal Time Executive Interface DefinitionReverse TelnetReal Time Executive for Military/Multiprocessor SystemsReal Time Energy Management SolutionsRich Text FormatRead The FAQ (Slang)Read The Funny Binary (Slang)Read The Fantastic FAQ (Slang)Read The Fine/Fantastic/Funny ... Manual (Slang)Read The Funny Source (Slang)Real Time KernelReal-Time Kinematic PositioningRegister Transfer LevelResistor Transistor LogicRun Time LibraryReal Time Locating SystemRead The Manual (Slang)

393RTMRTMRTMRTMPRTNRRTORTOSRTPRTPRTPRTPRTPRTRRTSRTSRTSRTSRTSRTSERTSPRTSPRTSPSRTSPURTTRTTRTTIRTTYRTVRTWFQRURUARUCRULLRUMRUOKRUPRUSRUSHRVRVReal Time ModelingRelease To ManufacturingResponse Time MonitorRouting Table Maintenance ProtocolReal-Time Network RoutingRetransmission TimeoutReal Time Operating SystemRapid Transport ProtocolRealtime Transport ProtocolRegulierungsbehörde für Telekommunikation und PostRendezvous and Termination ProtocolRealtime Transport Protocol (Internet)RARE Technical ReportReady/Request To SendReal Time SystemReliable Transfer ServiceRemote Telnet ServiceRequest To SendReliable Transfer Service Element (OSI)Realtime Signal ProcessorRealtime Streaming ProtocolRealtime Streaming Protocol Secure/Server/Service/SpecificatiRealtime Streaming Protocol UnreliableResonant Tunneling TransistorRound-Trip TimeRun Time Type Information/IdentificationRadio Teletype (Funkfernschreiben)Real Time VideoRead The Whole Fantastic Question (Slang)Request/Response UnitRemote User AgentReservation Upon Collision (Scheme)Rechnerunterstütztes Lehren und LernenRechenzentrum Universität MannheimAre You Ok (Slang)Rational Unified ProcessRechenzentrum der Universität StuttgartRemote Use of Shared HardwareReal VirtualityRotational Vibration

394ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIRVIRVLRVMLRVPRVSRVSARWRWBRWIRWIRWMRWPRWSRWTRWTHRXRXRXCRXDRYSRZRZRZGRZMReverse InterruptRingverteilungsleiterRich Vector Markup LanguageRendezvous ProtocolRotational Vibration SafeguardRemote Variant Selection AlgorithmRewritableResponsive WorkbenchReset Window IndicatorReversed Word IndexRead Write MemoryRIP While PrintingRufweiterschaltungRandom Walk TheoryRheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule, AachenReceive DataReceiverReceive ClockReceived DataRead Your Screen (Slang)RechenzentrumReturn to ZeroRechenzentrum Garching (MPG)Root Zone MaintainerSSSS2MSASASASASASASASASAASAAService, Signal, Standard, Synchron, SystemSignal TimingSteuerleitungISDN Wählverbindung 2 Mbit/sSecurity AssociationSelective Availability (GPS)Soft AffinitySoftware AssuranceSource AddressSpamAssassinStructured AnalysisSystem AdministratorSilly And Awkward (Slang)Single Assignment Approach

395SAA System/Systems Application ArchitectureSAAL Signalling AALSAAS Software As A ServiceSAB Standards Activities Board (IEEE/CS)SABM Set Asynchronous Balanced ModeSABME Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode ExtendedSAC Seismic Analysis CodeSAC Service Access ControllerSAC Single Attached/Attachment Component/ConcentratorSAC Special Area CodeSAC Syntax-based Arithmetic CodingSACCH Slow Associated Control ChannelSACD Super Audio Compact DiskSACEADM System Auxiliary Control Element AdministrationSACECP System Auxiliary Control Element Common PairSACEM Societe des Auteurs Compositeurs Editeurs de MusiqueSACK Selective AcknowledgementSACL System Access Control ListSACNET Secure Automated Communications NetworkSACT SPARC Application Conformance ToolkitSAD Security Association DatabaseSADT Structured Analysis and Design TechniqueSAE Self Addressed EnvelopeSAF Service Access FacilitySAFI Subsequence Address Family IdentifierSAFIR Service ATM Federateur et d’Interconnexion de RenaterSAFT Simple Asynchronous File Transfer (Protocol)SAGA Standards und Architekturen für eGovernment-AnwendungenSAGE (UNIX) System Administrators’ GuildSAIC Single Antenna Interference CancellationSAIL Stanford AI LaboratorySAINT Symbolic Automatic IntegratorSAK Secure Attention KeySAL Self Addressed EnvelopeSAL Structured Assembly LanguageSALT Speech Application Language TagSALT SuSE Advanced Linux TechnologySAM SCSI Architecture ModelSAM Security Access/Account ManagerSAM Sequential Access Method

396ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISAM Serial Access MemorySAM Smart ATM ModulSAM Storage and Archive ManagerSAM Synchronous Address MultiplexerSAM System Administration Manager (tool)SAMI Synchronized Accessible Media InterchangeSAN Satellite Access NetworkSAN Schulen ans Netz e. V.SAN Standard Address NumberSAN Storage Area NetworkSAN System Area NetworkSANE Scanner Access Now EasySANE Standard Apple Numeric EnvironmentSANS SysAdmin, Audit, Network, Security (Institute)SAO Session At OnceSAP Secure Audio PathSAP Send And PraySAP Service Access Point (OSI)SAP Service Advertising Protocol (Novell)SAP Session Announcement ProtocolSAP SIM Access ProfileSAP Symbolic Assembler ProgramSAP Systeme, Anwendungen, Produkte (AG), WalldorfSAPI Service Access Point IdentifierSAPI Speech APISAPI Streams Application Programming InterfaceSAR Search And RescueSAR Segmentation And Reassembling/ReassemblySAR Smurf Amplifier RegistrySAR Specific Absorption RateSAR Synthetic Aperture RadarSARC Symantec Antivirus Research CenterSARCOM Search And Rescue CommunicationSARE SpamAssassin Rules EmporiumSARM Set Asynchronous Response ModeSARME Set Asynchronous Response Mode ExtendedSARP Search And Rescue ProcessorSARPA Security Advanced Research Projects Agency, USASARSAT Search And Rescue Satellite Aided TrackingSART Search And Rescue (Radar) Transponder

397SARTG Scandinavian Amateur Radio Teleprinter GroupSAS Security AssociationSAS Serial Attached SCSISAS Short Authentication StringSAS Signature Authority SystemSAS Single Attached/Attachment Station (FDDI)SAS Speicher- und AnforderungssteuerungSAS Statistical Analysis SystemSASDB Security Association Data BaseSASE Self Addressed and Stamped EnvelopeSASI Shugart Associates System InterfaceSASL St. Andrews Static LanguageSASL Simple Authentication and Security LayerSASL Single Assignment LanguageSAT Satisfiability ProblemSATA Serial AT Bus AttachmentSATAN Security Analysis/Administrator’s Tool for Analyzing/AuditingSATL SCSI ATA Translation LayerSAV Sender Address VerificationSAW Surface Acoustic Wave (Filter)SAX Simple API for XMLSB SouthbridgeSB Standby IndicatorSB System BuilderSBA Small Business AdministrationSBAS Satellite Based Augmentation SystemSBC SCSI Block CommandsSBC Server Based ComputingSBC Single Board ComputerSBC Smart Bitrate ControlSBC Subband CodecSBCS Single Byte Character/Command SetSBE Single Byte ExtensionSBE Society of Broadcast Engineers (USA)SBOD Switched Bunch Of DiscsSBP Serial Bus ProtocolSBP Structured Buffer PoolSBR Spectral Band ReplicationSBR1 Statistical Bit Rate Configuration 1SBS Secure Boot System

398ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISBSSBSTSBTSBUPSBVSCSCSCSCSCSCSCSCASCASCASCADASCADDSSCAMSCARTSCBSCCSCCSCCSCCSCCSCCSCCSCCSCCPSCCSSCCSSCDSCDSCESCFSCFSCISCISCISCISmall Business ServerSmart Battery Status TableSix Bit TranscodeSystem Backup PartitionSkeletonization Based VectorizationSecondary ChannelSend CommonSequential ConsistencySmart CardStorage CompatibilitySubcommitteeSubscriber Channel (Sonnector)Security Control and AuditSingle Connector AttachmentSoftware Communications ArchitectureSupervisory Control And Data AcquisitionScalable Coordination Architectures for Deeply Distributed SystemSCSI Configured AutomagicallySyndicat des Constructeurs d’Appareils Radio Recepteurs et TeleviSubsystem Control BlockSatellite Control CenterSCSI Controller CommandsSerial Communication ControllerSmall Card ClearingSpecialized Common CarrierSpontaneous Computer CombustionStandards Coordinating Committee (IEEE/CS)Synchronous Channel CheckSignal/Signalling Connection Control PortSource Code Control SystemSouthern California Computer SocietyStandard Color DisplayStructured Charts DiagramService Creation EnvironmentService Control FunctionSystem Control FacilityScalable Coherent InterconnectSpecial Circumstance InstructionsStrategic Computing InititativeSystem Control Interrupt

399SCIMSCLMSCMSCMSCMSCMSCMLSCMSSCNSCNSCNRSCOSCOSCOSCOSSCPSCPSCPSCPSCPSCPCSCPISCRSCRSCRSCSSCSSCSSCSASCSISCSLSCSPSCSSISCSUSCTPSCTPSCTPSCTPSCTSSCTTSmart Commom Input MethodSoftware Configuration Library Manager (IBM)Selected Communication ModeSoftware Configuration ManagementSupply Chain ManagementSwitch Control ModuleSpectrum Cataloging Markup LanguageSerial Copy Management SystemSwitched Circuit NetworkSystem Change/Commit NumberSorry, Could Not Resist (Slang)(The) Santa Cruz Operation, Inc.Structured Complex ObjectSynchronous Connection OrientedSingle Copy Object StoreSecure CopyService Control PointSession Control ProtocolShort Circuit ProtectionSubsystem Control PortSingle CHannel Per CarrierStandard Commands for Programmable InstrumentsSilicon Controlled RectifierStandard Context RoutingSustainable/Sustained Cell RateSecondary Clear to SendSNA Communication ServiceSystem Communication ServicesSignal Computing System ArchitectureSmall Computer Systems InterfaceSun Community Source LicensingServer Cache Synchronization ProtocolService Central de la Securite des Systemes d’InformationStandard Compression Scheme for UnicodeScreened Twisted Pair (cable)Shape-Controlled Traffic PatternSimple Control Transport ProtocolStream Control Transmission ProtocolSecondary Clear To SendStrong Church Turing Thesis

400ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISCUSDSDSDSDSDSDSDSDSDSDASDASDASDASDBSDBMSDCSDCSDCSDCCHSDCDSDDSDDCSDDISDDISDDSSDESDFSDFSDFSDFSDHSDHCSDHTSDISDISDISDIFSDIGNSDIOSystem Control UnitSales + DistributionSecure Digital (Card)Send DataShutdownSingle DensityStaircase Deadline (scheduler)Starting DelimiterStructured DesignSuper Density (Compact Disk)Scalable Disk ArrayStart of/Secure Domain AuthoritySwappable Data AreaSystem Design AutomationSecurity Policy DatabaseSelective Directed Broadcast ModeSecondary Domain ControllerSecure Digital CardService Description ChannelStand Alone Dedicated Control ChannelSecondary Data Carrier DetectSuper Density DiskSingle Device Data CorrectionSerial Digital Data InterfaceShielded Twisted Pair Distributed Data InterfaceSony Dynamic Digital SoundSoftware Development EnvironmentSignal Delay FormatSpace Delimited File/FormatStandard/System Data FormatStructured Display FileSynchronous Digital HierarchySecure Digital High Capacity (Card)Selectively Doped Hetero TransistorSelective Dissemination of InformationSerial Device/Digital InterfaceSingle Document InterfaceStandard Document Interchange FormatVorschriftensammlung für digitale NetzeSecure Digital Input/Output

401SDKSDLSDLSDLSDLCSDLCSDLPSDLTSDMSDMSDMSDMSDMASDMISDMSSDNSDNSSDOSDPSDPSDPSDPSDPSDPSSDPSSDPSSDRSDRSDRSDRSDRAMSDSSDSSDSSDSCSDSESDSLSDSSSDTSSDTVSoftware Development/Developer’s KitScene Description LanguageSecurity Development LifecycleSimple Direct Media LayerSoftware Development Life CycleSynchronous Data Link Control (IBM)Standard Device Level ProtocolSuper Digital Linear TapeSecure Digital Mini (card)Security Device ManagerShort Data MessageSub-rate Data MultiplexerSpace Division Multiple AccessSecure Digital Music InititativeSCSI Device Management SystemSoftware Defined NetworkSecure Data Network Service/SystemServicedatenobjektService Discovery ProtocolSession Description ProtocolShared Development ProcessSoftware Delivery PlatformStandard Directory Package (Apple)Science/Service/Shared/Spatial/Standard/Surveillance Data PrSecure Digital Paper SealStandard Dial-up POP3 ServiceSession DirectorSingle Data RateSoftware Defined RadioStreaming Data RequestSynchronous Dynamic Random Access MemorySample Dump StandardSoftware Distribution Service (OSF)Subdivision SurfaceSan Diego Supercomputer Center, USAShadowed DSA-Specific EntrySingle Line/Single Pair/Symmetrical Digital Subscriber LineSloan Digital Sky SurveySpatial Data Transfer StandardStandard Definition Television

402ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISDUSDXSDXCSDXFSESESESE-SCSISEASEASEASEALSEBDSECSECSECAMSECBRSECCSEDSEDSEDASSEESEEFUSTSEEKSEEMSELSELSELSELSEMSEMSEMASEMPERSEOSEOSEPSEPSEPISEPPSEPPService/Signalling Data UnitStorage Data AccelerationSynchronous Digital Cross ConnectStructured Data Exchange FormatSecond Editon (Windows)Shared EverythingSingle EndedSingle Ended SCSISchoof, Elkes, AtkinSelf Extracting ArchiveSociety for Electronic AccessScreening External Access LinkSoftware Engineering Bibliographic Database (DACS)Single Error CorrectionStandard Ethernet ControllerSequentiel Couleur Avec MemoireSeverely Errored Cell Block RatioSingle Edge Contact CartridgeSmoke Emitting DiodeSurface-conduction Electron-emitter DisplayStandardregelungen einheitlicher DatenaustauschSoftware Engineering EnvironmentSeefunkstelleSecure Electronic Exchange of KeysSimple Efficient Extensible MeshSecurity Enhanced LinuxSelectorStandard Elektrik Lorenz AGSystem Event LoggerSearch Engine MarketingServer Enhancement ModuleSimple Electromagnetic AnalysisSecure Electronic Marketplace for EuropeSearch Engine Optimization/OptimizerSequences NumberSeparationSomebody Else’s Problem (Slang)School Educational Provision ImprovementSecure Electronic Payment ProtocolSingle Edge Processor Package

403SER Soft Error RateSES SCSI Enclosure ServicesSES Secure Easy SetupSES Ship Earth StationSES Societe Europeenne des SatellitesSESAME Secure European System for Applications in a Multi-Vendor ESESK Session KeySET Secure Electronic TransactionSET SetkeySET Shortest Elapsed TimeSET Single Electron TransistorSET Standard d’Exchange et de TransfertSETI Search for Extraterrestrial IntelligenceSEU Serial Encryption UnitSEU Smallest Executable UnitSEUL Simple End User LinuxSEX Software ExchangeSF Select/Send FrequencySF Sign FlagSF Single FrequencySF Store and ForwardSFA Sales Force AutomationSFAUSL Vorschriftensammlung Fernmeldeverkehr AuslandSFC System File CheckerSFD Start Frame DelimiterSFF Small Form FactorSFINX Service for French Internet ExchangeSFLAAE/BS Star Fleet Ladies Auxiliary and Embroidery/Baking SocietySFLC Software Freedom Law CenterSFMJI Sorry For My Jumping In (Slang)SFP Single Function PeripheralSFP Super Fine PositioningSFP System File ProtectionSFPS Secure Fast Packet SwitchingSFQ Stochastic Fairness QueuingSFQL Structured Full-text Query LanguageSFR Split Frame RenderingSFS Scalable/Secure File Share/SystemSFS Security Feature SetSFS Smart File System (Amiga)

404ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISFSSFTSFTSFTMSFTPSFUSFURDSFVSGSGSGASGCSGCPSGDBSGFSGISGMLSGMPSGPSSGRAMSGSNSHSHASHASHAFTSHARSHARLSHDSLSHFSHIASHIFTSHITSHMSHMSHOESHRSSHTTPSHVSHYSIStorage Attached Network File SystemSystem Fault ToleranceSystem File TableSwitched Frame Transfer ModeSimple File Transfer ProtocolServices For UnixStadtfunkrufdienstStandard-FestverbindungSignal GroundSupergroupShared/System Global AreaSCSI Graphic CommandsSimple Gateway Control ProtocolService de Genomique du Departement de Biologie, ENS ParisSmart Go FormatSilicon Graphics, Inc.Standard Generalized Markup LanguageSimple Gateway Management/Monitoring Protocol (Internet)Simple Global Positioning System (protocol)Synchronous Graphical Random Access MemoryServing GPRS Support NodeSample and Hold, S/HSecure Hash AlgorithmSuper High AvailabilitySociety to Help Abolish FORTRAN TeachingShell ArchiveSpecified Home Appliance Recycling Law, JapanSingle-pair High Speed Digital Subscriber LineSuper High FrequencyStrongly Hedonistic Internet AreaScalable, Heterogeneous, Integrated FacilitySecure Home Internet TelephonySemantical Hierarchy ModelShort Hold ModeSimple HTML Ontology ExtensionsSehen, Hören, Riechen, Schmecken (Multimedia)Secure HTTPStandard High VolumeSoft/Syllable HyphenService Interaction

405SISISISISISISISIASIASIAMSIASLSIBSICSICASSIDSIDSIDSIDSIDSIDSIDSIESIFSIFSSIFTSIGSIGSIGCATSIGGSIGIRSIGPLANSIHSIHFTSIISIITSILSILCSILKSIMSIMShift InSignalling Rate IndicatorSimple Interface (Cray to UNIX)Source IndexStill Image (Exchange)System InformationSysteme International d’UnitesSemiconductor Industries AssociationSerial Interface AdapterSupraleitendes Intelligentes Antennen-ModulStranger In A Strange Land (Slang)Scaled Index BasedStandard Industry CodeSemiconductor International Capacity StatisticsSecurity Identification/IdentifierSession IdentifierSilence DescriptorSociety for Information DisplayStation IdentificationSudden Ionospheric DisturbanceSymbolic Interactive DebuggerSerial Interface EngineStateful Inspection FirewallShort Inter Frame SpaceStanford Information Filtering ToolSelective Integral GroundSoftware/Special Interest GroupSpecial Interest Group on CD-ROM Applications and TechnoloSignaturgesetzSpecial Interest Group on Information RetrievalSpecial Interest Group on Programming LanguagesSuper Information HighwaySoftware Implemented Hardware Fault ToleranceStatic Invocation InterfaceStateless IP/ICMP Translation (Algorithm)Solid Immersion LensSecure Internet Live ConferencingSpeech, Image, Language, KnowledgeSet Initialization ModeSubscriber Identification/Identity Module

406ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISIMASIMCASIMDSIMMSIMPSIMPLESIMPLESINSINSINASINASINPOSIOSIOSIPSIPSIPSIPSIPSIPSIPCSIPOSIPPSIPPSIPPSIPPSIPPSIPSSIRSIRDSSIRFSISSISSISSISDSISOSISSLSISYSITSITSupport Initiative for Multimedia ApplicationsSitting In My Chair Amused (Slang)Single Instruction Multiple Data (stream)Single Inline Memory ModuleSimple Intermachine ProtocolSheer Idiots Monopurpose Programming Language EnvironmentSIP for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging ExtensionsSerial Data InService Indicator (ISDN)Sichere Internet-Anbindung/Architektur (BSI)SISY Integriertes FTP-Server Archiv, KarlsruheSignal strength, Interference, Noise, Propagation disturbance, OveSerial Input OutputSimultaneous Interface OperationSCSI Interlocl ProtocolSecond/Simple Internet ProtocolSecure Internet Programming (Princeton U.)Session Initiation ProtocolSMDS Interface ProtocolSubmission Information PackageSimple Integrated/Interactive Personal ComputerSerial In Serial OutSimple Internet Protocol PlusSimple Polygon ProcessorSingle In-Line Pin PackageStable Image PC PlatformStable Image Platform ProgramSIP over SSLSerial Infrared Communication (Hewlett-Packard)Single Image Random Dot Stereogram(SiRF Technology Inc., USA)Schengen Information SystemSilicon Isotope Superlattice (Technology)Stateful Inspection SystemSingle Instruction Single Data(stream)Serial In, Serial OutSun Industry Standards Source LicenseSoftware Informations-System, KarlsruheSatellite Interactive Terminal(Fraunhofer-Institut für) Sichere Telekooperation

407SITSITSITDSITORSITPSITPSIWGSJCCSJFSJFSKSKSKSKASKASSKIPSKUSLSLSLSLSLASLASLASLACSLAPSLAPISLCSLCSLCSLDSLDRAMSLEDSLEDSLEDSLESSLISLISLISLIAASimple Internet TransitionSpecial Information ToneStill In The Dark (Slang)Simple Telex Over RadioStrategic Information Technology Plan, DoC, USASystem Integration Test PlanSpecial Interest Working GroupSpring Joint Computer ConferenceShortest Job FirstSuper Jumbo Frame (Ethernet)Schneider & Koch, EttlingenServer KeySynchronknotenShared Key AuthenticationSeparate Kernel Address SpaceSimple Key Management for Internet ProtocolsStock Keeping Unit (Artikelnummer)Second LifeSession LayerShading/Specification LanguageSlaveSealed Lead Acid (Battery)Service Level AgreementSite Level Aggregation/AggregatorStanford Linear Accelerator CenterSounds Like A Plan (Slang)Salutation Application Programming InterfaceSecond Level CacheSingle Level CellSynchronous Link ControlSecond/Sub Level DomainSynchronous Link Dynamic RAMSingle Large Expensive DiskSoftware Life Cycle Experience Database (DACS)Suse Linux Enterprise DesktopSuse Linux Enterprise ServerScalable Link Interface/InterleaveScanline InterleaveSystem Level IntegrationScalable Link Interface Anti-Aliasing

408ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISLIPSLIPSLITSLMSLOCSLOSSLPSLPSLPSLPSLRSLSSLSISLTSLUSLVSLURMSMSMSMSMSMSMASMASMASMACSMACKSMACSSMACSSMACSSMAESMAPSMAPSMARTSMARTSMASESMBSMBSMBSMCSerial Line Interface Protocol (Internet)Symmetric List ProcessorSystem Locality Distance Information TableSalutation ManagerSource Lines Of CodeSuSE Linux Office ServerSchool License ProgramService Location ProtocolSingle Link ProtocolSystem Load PartitionScalable Linear RecordingService Level SpecificationSuper Large Scale IntegrationSpeech and Language TechnologySite Local UseSingle Language VendorSimple Linux Utility for Resource ManagementSecurity ManagementSet ModeShadow MapSparse ModeSystem Management/ManagerShared Memory ArchitectureSharing with Minimum AllocationSub Miniature Assembly (Connector)Sensor Media/Medium Access ControlSimplified Mandatory Access Control KernelSchema Mapping Application Compiler SystemSmart Multi-Access Communication ServiceStochastic Modelling and Analysis of Communication SystemsSystems Management Application EntitySimple Mail Access ProtocolSystem Management Application ProcessSelf Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting TechnologySoftware Metering and Resource TrackingSystem Management Application Service ElementServer/Session Message BlockSmall and Medium BusinessSystem Management BusSecure Messaging Card

409SMCSMCCSMDSMDSMDSMDCSMDRSMDSSMDSUSMESMFSMFSMFSMFSMFSMFASMGSMISMISMISMISMILSMIMESMISSMISSMISSMITSMKSMLSMLSMLSMLSMLSMLTSMMSMMSMOSMONSMOPSMPStandard Microsystems, Inc.Sun Microsystems Computer Corp.SchiffsmeldedienstStorage Modul DeviceSurface Mounted DeviceServer Management Daughter CardStation Message Detail RecordingSwitched Multi-Megabit Data Service, USASwitched Multi-Megabit Data Service UnitSubject Matter ExpertService Management FacilitySimple Message FormatSingle Mode FiberStandard Midi FileSystem Manager FacilitySystem Management Functional AreaSupermastergroupSecure Monitor InterruptSerial Management InterfaceStructure of Management InformationSystem Management (mode) InterruptSynchronized Multimedia Integration LanguageSecure MIMESafety/Supply/System Management Information SystemService Marketing Information SystemStorage Management Initiative SpecificationSystem Management Interface Tool (IBM)Software Migration KitSimple Macro LanguageSimple Mailing ListSimplified Markup LanguageStandard Math LibraryStandard MetalanguageSplit Multi Link TrunkingStart of Manual MessageSystem Management ModeSocial Memory OrganizerSwitched Monitoring NetworkSmall/Simple Matter Of ProgrammingSimple Management Protocol (Internet)

410ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISMPSMPSMPSMPSMPSSMPTESMRSMSSMSSMSSMSSMSSMSSMSSMSCSMSCBSMSISMSMOSMSMTSMSPSMTSMTSMTSMTSMTISMTPSMTPESMUSMUXSMXQSNSNSNSNASNACPSNADSSNAFUSNAPSNAPSNAPIStandard Message Package (Apple)Standby Monitor PresenceSymmetrical/Synchronous Multi-ProcessingSONET Physical Layer MappingSwitching Mode Power Supply (Schaltnetzteil)Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, USASignal to Mask RationSatellite Multi-Service SystemService/Security Management Station/SystemShort Message ServiceSoftware Management SystemStorage Management ServicesSubsystem Management Service (OSF)System Management ServerShort Message Service CenterShort Message Service Cell BroadcastSommet Mondial de la Societe de l’InformationSMS Mobile Station OriginatedSMS Mobile Station TerminatedStorage Management Services ProtocolSimultaneous Multi TexturingSimultaneous/Symmetrical Multithreading (Technology)Station ManagementSurface Mounted TechnologySystems Management Tools InitiativeSimple Mail Transfer Protocol (Internet)Society of Motion Picture and Television EngineersSystem Management UtilitySNMP Multiplexing ProtocolSharing with Maximum QueuesSequence NumberSignal/Noise, S/N (ratio)Subscriber NumberSystems Network Architecture (IBM)SNA Control ProtocolSNA Distribution ServicesSituation Normal All Fed/Fucked Up (Slang)Streamlined Network Accelerated ProtocolSubnetwork Access/Attachement Point/ProtocolSoft Switch Network Application Programming Interface

411SNCPSNCPSNCSSNFSNFSNISNISNIASNMPSNMPV2SNOBOLSNPSNPPSNRSNRSNRSNRMSNRMESNSSNVTSOSOSOSOASOASOASOAPSOBSOBSOCSODIMMSOESOFLSOGSOGTSOHSOHSOHOSOISOIFSingle Node Control PointSystem Services Control PointSecure Network Computer ServerServer Natural/Normal FormatSession Sequence Number FieldSiemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG, PaderbornSubscriber Network Identifier/InterfaceStorage Networking Industry AssociationSimple Network Management Protocol (Internet)Simple Network Management Protocol Version 2 (Internet)String Oriented Symbolic LanguageSequence Number ProtectionSimple Network Paging ProtocolSaved Number RedialSerial NumberSignal to Noise RatioSet Normal Response ModeSet Normal Response Mode ExtendedSession Network ServicesStandard Network Variable TypeShift OutSmall OutlineSupporting OrganizationService Order ActivationService Oriented ArchitectureStart Of (zone of) Authority (DNS)Simple Object Access ProtocolStart Of BlockStatement Of BoredomSystem On a ChipSmall Outline Dual Inline Memory ModuleStandard Operating EnvironmentStructured Object-Oriented Formal LanguageSync On GreenSenior Officials Group on TelecommunicationsSection OverheadStart of Header/HeadingSmall Office, Home OfficeSilicon On InsulatorSummary Object Interchange Format

412ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISOIPSOLSOLSOLSOLSOLASSOMSOMSONETSONETTSOPSOPSOPSORBSSOSSOSSOSSOSISOSIGSOTISSOUPSOUTSOXSPSPSPSPSPSPSPASPASPASPASPADASPAGSPAMSPANSPANSPAPSPARCStorage Over IPSeniors/Senioren On LineSiemens Optical LinkSimulation Oriented LanguageSpecial Object Library(International Convention for the) Safety Of Life At SeaStart Of MessageSystem Object Model (IBM)Synchronous Optical NetworkSoziales Netz TelecommunikationSame Origin PolicyService Object PairStandard Operating ProcedureSpam and Open Relay Blocking SystemSilicon On SapphireSophisticated Operating SystemStart Of SignificanceShift Out Shift InSocial Science Information GatewaySelf-Organizing Traffic Information SystemSimple Offline Usenet PacketSerial Data OutSound Exchange (File)Segment PriorityService ProviderSpace (Leertaste)Stack PointerStrict PrioritySystem ProgramSecure Password AuthenticationService Point ApplicationSimple Power AnalysisSoftware Publishers’ AssociationSprache und DatenStandards Promotion and Application Group (OSI)Send Phenomenal Amounts of Mail, Shit Posing As Mail (Slang)Services and Protocols for Advanced NetworksSwitched Port AnalyzerShiva Password Authentication ProtocolScalable Processor Architecture

SPDEEPROMSerial Presence Detect Electrically Erasable Programmable Re413SPB Synchronous Pipelined BusSPC SCSI Primary CommandsSPC Small Peripheral ControllerSPC Statistical Process ControlSPC Stored Program ControlSPC Sub-Process ControlSPD Scalable Performance DataSPD Secondary Pool DescriptorSPD Secure Payload DatabaseSPD Security Policy DatabaseSPD Selective Packet DelaySPD Senior Program DeveloperSPD Serial Poll DisableSPD Serial Port DataSPD Serial Presence DetectSPD Sharable Private DiskSPD Silicon Photo DiodeSPD Silicon Pixel DetectorSPD Simple Pattern DetectionSPD Simplified Printer DescriptionSPD Single Programming DocumentSPD Software/System Preliminary DesignSPD Software Product DescriptionSPD Software Products DivisionSPD Spectral Power Density/DistributionSPD SpeedSPD Sponsored Program DevelopmentSPD Spool Positioning DeviceSPD Storage Pool DeficiencySPD Structured Program DevelopmenrSPD Summary Program DescriptionSPD Surge Protection/Protector DeviceSPDA Supplier Data ProgramSPDIF Sony and Philips Digital Interconnect/Interface FormatSPDL Standard Page Description LanguageSPDN Shared Private Data NetworkSPDT Single-Pole Double-Throw (Relay)SPDU Session Protocol Data UnitSPE Superparamagnetic Effect

414ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISPESPESPESPECSPFSPFSPFSPFSPGSPISPISPISPISPISPISPISPISPICESPICESPIFFSPIMSPINESPITSPKSPKMSPLSPLDSPMSPMSPMDSPMLSPMPSPMSSPNSPNRSPOCSPOFSPOOLSPOTSPOTSymbolic Programming EnvironmentSynchronous Payload EnvelopeSynergistic Processor/Processing ElementStandard Performance Evaluation CorporationSecurity/Sender Policy FrameworkSender Permitted From (obsolet)Shortest Path FirstSystem Programming FacilityService Protocol GatewaySCSI-3 Parallel InterfaceSecurity Parameter IndexSerial Peripheral InterfaceServer Programming InterfaceService Provider InterfaceSoftware in the Public Interest, Inc.Stateful Packet InspectionSymbolic Probabilistic InferenceSimulation Program with Integrated Circuit EmphasisSpacecraft, Planet, Instruments, C Matrix, EventsStill Picture Interchange File FormatSpam over Instant MessagingShared Program Information NetworkSpam over Internet TelephonySoftware Porting KitSimple Public Key GSS-API MechanismSpooler/SpoolingSimple Programmable Logic DeviceSession Protocol MachineSystem Performance Monitor (IBM)Single Program Multiple DataService Provisioning Markup LanguageSoftware Project Management PlanSoftware Project Management SystemService Principal NameSpecial People Numbers RegistrySearch And Rescue Point Of ContactSingle Point Of FailureSimultaneous Peripherals Operation On LineSingle Point Of TruthSysteme Pour l’Observation de la Terre

415SPPSPPSPPSPPSPPISPRSPSSPSSPSSPSSPSSPSISPTSPTSPUSPUSPUSPVSPVSPVSPWGSPXSQSQSQASQCIFSQESQIDSQLSQLSQUIDSRSRSRSRSRSRAMSRATSRBSRBScalable Parallel ProcessingSequenced/Sequential Packet ProtocolSerial Port ProfileStandard Parallel PortStructure of Policy Provisioning InformationSoftware Performance ReportSecure Packet ShieldSession Presentation ServicesSpeicherprogrammierte SteuerungStandard Positioning Service/SystemStandby Power SystemSpots Per Square InchSectors Per TrackShortest Processing TimeShader Processing UnitSound Processing UnitSynergistic Processor UnitSemipermanente VerbindungSound, Pictures, VideoSparsed Pixel VectorizationStandard Panels Working Group (VESA)Secured/Sequenced/Sequential Packet/Protocol ExchangeSignal QualitySignal-QuantisierungsgeräuschSafety/Software Quality AssuranceSub Quarter Common Intermediate FormatSignal Quality Error (SQE Test, heartbeat, Ethernet)Superconducting Quantum Interference DeviceSquelchStandard/Structured Query LanguageSource Quench Introduced DelaySampling/Send RateSession ReliabilitySignalling Rate SelectorShift RegisterSource RoutingShadow/Static Random Access MemorySystem Resource Affinity TableSource Route Bridging (IBM)Storage Resource Broker

416ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISRC Sampling Rate ConverterSRC SourceSRC System Resource ControllerSRD Screen Reader SystemSRD Secondary Received DataSRD Short Range DeviceSREJ Selective RejectSRES Signed ResultSRF Streaming Register FileSRI Stanford Research Institute, USASRL Structural Return LossSRL Subject Restriction ListSRM Send Routing MessageSRM Shared Resource ManagerSRMA Split-Channel Reservation Multiple AccessSRMP Spider Remote Monitoring ProtocolSRO Sharable and Read Only (memory)SRP Security Rollup Package (Microsoft)SRPI Server-Requester Programming InterfaceSRQ Service RequestSRR Search and Rescue RegionSRR Secondary Receiver ReadySRS Secondary Request to SendSRS Sender Rewriting SchemeSRS Shared Registry SystemSRS Sound Retrieval SystemSRT Secure Request TechnologySRT Shortest Remaining TimeSRT Shuttle Radar Topography (Mission)SRT Source Route/Routing TransparentSRTP Secure Realtime Transport ProtocolSRTS Secondary Request To SendSRUC Split Reservation Upon CollisionSRV ServerSS Sampled ServoSS Seed/Stack SegmentSS Select StandbySS Single Shift/SidedSS Storage ServerSS7 Signalling System No. 7

417SSASSASSASSASSBSSBSSBASSCSSCSSCCSSCFSSCOPSSCPSSCSSSDSSDSSDSSDASSDCSSDPSSDTSSESSECSSEMSSFSSFSSFDCSSGASSHSSISSISSISSISSIDSSIDSSIMMSSLSSLSSLSSLScreened Subnet ArchitectureSerial Storage Architecture (IBM)Static Single AssignmentSveriges SändareamatörerSchwäbischer Standard-BenchmarkSingle SidebandSuite Synthetique des Benchmarks de l’AFFUSCSI Stream CommandsSymantec System CenterSerial Shipping Container CodeService Specific Coordination FunctionService Specific Connection Oriented ProtocolSystem Services Control Point/ProgramService Specific Convergence SublayerSchwartz Sequential DroppingSecondary Send DataSolid State DiskSynchronous Serial Data AdapterStack Segment Descriptor CacheSimple Service Discovery ProtocolSystem Service Descriptor TableStreaming SIMD ExtensionsSelective Sequence Electronic Calculator (IBM)System Security Engineering ManagementService Switching FunctionStructured Fax FileSolid State Floppy Disc CardSystem Support Gate ArraySecure ShellSCSI Serial InterfaceServer Side IncludeSingle System ImageSmall Scale IntegrationSecondary Station IdentifierService Set IdentifierSingle RAS SIMMSchüler, Studenten, LehrerSecondary System LoaderSecure Server LineSecure Sockets Layer

418ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISSMSSMSSMASSNSSOSSOSSPSSPSSPSSPSSPSSRSSRSSRSSRSSRSSRCSSSSSTSSTSSTPSSTVSSUSSWSTSTSTSTSTSTASTASTASTASTACKSTARSTARSTARSTARSTARSTARSource Specific MulticastStorage System ManagerSpread Spectrum Multiple AccessSecure Server NetworkSingle Sign OnSystem Security OfficerSender Signing PracticesSerial Storage ProtocolService Switching PointSwitch-to-Switch ProtocolSystem Service/Support ProcessorScalable Sampling RateSecondary Surveillance RadarSmall Screen Rendering (Opera)Sum of Squared ResidualsSuper Self RefreshSynchronization Source IdentifierSwitching SubsystemSelf Service TerminalSimple SIPP TransitionScreened Shielded Twisted PairSlow Scan TelevisionSession Support Utility (DEC)SchnittstellenwandlerSegment TypeSend TimingService TicketStraight Tip (Connector)Stream ProtocolSCSI Trade AssociationSecure Ticket AuthoritySpanning Tree AlgorithmStationStart AcknowledgementSelf Defining Text ArchivalSelf Test And RepairSelf Tuning ArchitectureSimultaneous Transmit And ReceiveStateful Assured RoutingStop Talking And Read (Slang)

419STARSTAXSTBSTCSTCSTDSTDSTDSTDSTDSTDASTDMSTESTEPSTFSTGOSTIDSTKSTLSTMSTMSTMSTMSTMFSTNSTNSTOSTOASTOESTOMPSTOMPSTONESTPSTPSTPSTPSTRSTRSTRIDESTRIPStorage And RetrievalStreaming API for XMLSet Top BoxSet Top ComputerSubtechnical Committee (ETSI)Secondary Transmitted DataStandardState Transition DiagramSubscriber Trunk DialingSuspend To DiscStreetTalk Directory Assistance (Banyan)Statistical/Synchronous Time Division MultiplexingSignalling TerminalStandard for the Exchange of Product Model DataSpecialist Task ForceStart Tag OpenSecure Table IdentifierSoftware Translation KitStandard Template LibraryScience, Technology, MedicineStation/Storage ManagementStreams ManagerSynchronous Transfer/Transport Mode/ModulState Management FunctionScientific & Technical Information Network, KarlsruheSuper Twisted Nematic Field Effective MaterialStrategic Technology OfficeScience/Scientific and Technology/Technological Options AssesStörungStreaming Text Oriented Messaging ProtocolSystematic Test Of Multiplatform ProductStructured and Open EnvironmentShielded Twisted PairSignal Transfer PointSpanning Tree ProtocolStraight Through ProcessingSuspend To RAMSynchronous Transmitter ReceiverSpoofing, Tampering, Repudiation, Information disclosure, DenStarmode Radio IP

420ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISTRTSTSSTSSTSSTTSTTSTUSTUNSTUSSSTXSUSUBSUBSUBSUDSSUGSUITSUMSUMRSUNSUPLSURANETSURESUSSUSSUSPSUTPSUUGSVSVAPISVCSVCSVCCSVCDSVDSVDSVFSVGSVGASVHSStart InitializationSemi-Thue-SystemStation to Station ProtocolSynchronous Transfer/Transport SignalSecure Transaction TechnologySpin Torque Transfer (RAM)Schere-Tippex-Uhu (-Verfahren)Simple Traversal of UDP through NATSimply Time-consuming Unsolicited Superfluous Speaking (Slang)Start of TextSwitching UnitSubaddressingSubstitute/SubstitutabilitySystemunabhängige BetriebsführungstechnikSoftware Update and Distribution SystemSun User GroupSimple User Interface ToolkitSimple User ModelSatellite User Mapping RegisterStanford University NetworkSecure User PlaneSoutheastern Universities Research Association NetworkScalability, Usability, Reliability, EconomySingle UNIX SpecificationSoftware Update Services (Microsoft)System Use Sharing ProtocolScreened Unshielded Twisted PairSoviet UNIX User GroupStandortverteilerScan View APISupervisor CallSwitched Virtual Call/Channel/Circuit/ConnectionSwitched Virtual Channel ConnectionSuper Video Compact DiscSimultaneous Voice and DataSingle Value DecompositionSimple Vector FormatScalable Vector GraphicsSuper Video Graphics ArraySuper Video Home System

421SVID Unix System V Interface DefinitionSVM Support Vector MachineSVN Subversion (a Version Control System)SVP Scan-line Video ProcessorSVPN Secure Virtual Private NetworkSVR Session-based Virtual RouteSVR4 UNIX System V Release 4SVV Segment Variability ValueSVVS UNIX System V Validation SuiteSW schwarz-weissSW Short WaveSW SoftwareSW Status WordSWAN Secure Wide Area NetworkSWAP Shared Wireless Application ProtocolSWAT Samba Web Administration ToolSWB Software BusSWBG Subtract With Borrow (random number) GeneratorSWERC South Western Europe Regional (ACM Programming) ContestSWF Scheduled WorkflowSWF Shockwave Flash (File Format)SWF Short Wave FadingSWF Small Web File/FormatSWF Staff Working FileSWF Surface Wave FieldSWIB Suchdienst Wissenschaftliche BibliothekenSWIFT Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial TelecommunicationSWIFT Software Implemented Fault ToleranceSWIFT System for Wireless Information Forwarding and TeledistributSWIM Super Wozniak Integrated MachineSWING Subscriber Wireless Network GatewaySWISH Simple Web Indexing System for HumansSWIW So Weit Ich Weiss (AFAIK) (Slang)SWL Short Wave Laser/ListenerSWP Semantic Web PublishingSWP Semi-orthogonal Wavelet PacketSWP Shortest Widest PathSWP Simple Web PrintingSWP Single-Wafer ProcessingSWP Software Package/Program

422ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNISWPSWPSWPSWRSWSSWSSWTSWTSWTSXSXESXGASXXMSYLKSYNSYNSYSOPSurface Wave PropagationSwap (file, partition)Swisscom WorkplaceStanding Wave RatioScientific WorkstationSilly Window SyndromShockwave TemplateSoftwaretechnikStandard Widget ToolkitSimplexSafe Execution EnvironmentSuper Extended Graphics ArrayUnextended Numbering Set ModeSymbolic Link Format (Microsoft)Synchonizing SegmentSynchronous IdleSystem OperatorTTTTATATATABTABTABDTABYASTACTACTACTACACSTACCTACSTADTADSTAETAFNTAGTelecomm, Telephone, Terminal, Text, TimeTaktleitungTransmit DataTerminaladapter, Informationstechnische AnschlussdoseTraffic AnnouncementTransmitter AddressTabulatorTechnical Advisory BoardTransatlantic Business DialogueThinking All But You Are Stupid (Slang)Terminal Access Control/ControllerTransparent Audio CodingType Approval CodeTerminal Access Controller Access Control SystemTexas Advanced Computing Center, USATotal Access CommunicationsTelephone Answering DeviceText Adventure Development SystemTelekommunikations-Anschluss-EinheitThat’s All For Now (Slang)Technology Advisors Group

423TAG Text And GraphicsTAG Tiny AggregationTAGC Tag Close DelimiterTAI Temps Atomique InternationalTAL TeilnehmeranschlussleitungTAL Template Attribute LanguageTALES Template Attribute Language Expression SyntaxTAM Telefon, Anrufbeantworter, ModemTAM Telephone Answering MachineTAN Total Area NetworkTAN Transaction NumberTANJ There Ain’t No Justice (Slang)TANSTAAFLThere Ain’t No Such Things As A Free Lunch (Slang)TAO Telephony Application ObjectTAO The ACE ORBTAO Track At OnceTAO Traduction Assistee par OrdinateurTAOCP The Art Of Computer Programming (D. Knuth)TAP Telcom Advantage PackagingTAP Telecator Alphanumeric ProtocolTAP Terminal Access PointTAP Test Access PortTAPI Telephony Application Programming Interface (Intel, MicrosofTAPR Tucson Amateur Packet Radio GroupTAR Tape Archive (Format)TARFU Things Are Really Fouled Up (Slang)TAS Telephone Answering ServiceTASI Time-Assignment Speech InterpolationTAU Test Access UnitTAV Test, Analyse, Verifikation (von Software)TAXI Transparent Asynchronous Transceiver InterfaceTBB Threading Building Blocks (Intel)TBC Time Base CorrectorTBETSI Technischer Beirat für Normungsfragen des ETSITBF Technisch betriebliche FunktionsbedingungenTBH To Be Honest (Slang)TBL Technik für BetriebslenkungTBL Tim Berners-LeeTBO Total Benefits of OwnershipTBRPF Topology dissemination Based on Reverse Path Forwarding

424ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNITBTTCTCTCTCTCTCTCATCATCATCAPTCBTCBTCCCTCETCFTCFSTCGTCHTCITCIFTCLTCMTCMTCMTCMPTCNGTCNSTCOTCOTCOSTCPTCPTCPTCP/IPTCPATCPATCQTCRTCSTruncated Binary TreeTechnical Committee/CorrigendumTelecineTransform CodingTransmission Control/ConvergenceTreatment CodeTrust CenterTelecommunications Carrier AssociationTightly Coupled ArchitectureTraffic Conditioning AgreementTransaction Capability Application PartTrouble Came BackTrusted Computer/Computing BaseIEEE Technical Committee on Computer CommunicationsTransmission Control ElementTransparent Computing FacilityTransparent Cryptographic File SystemTrusted Computing GroupTraffic ChannelTag Control InformationTelecommunications Industry Forum, USATool Command LanguageTerminal Controller ModuleTime Compression MultiplexingTrellis Code ModulationTightly Coupled Multiprocessor SystemTraffic Control Next GenerationThomas Conrad Networking SystemTjänstemännens Centralorganisation (Schweden)Total Cost of OwnershipIEEE Technical Committee on Operating SystemsTape Carrier PackageTeX Code PageTransmission Control Protocol/Program (Internet)Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, TCP/IP (InternetTime of Closest Point of ApproachTrusted Computing Platform Alliance/ArchitectureTagged Command QueuingTelephone Conversation RecordTelephony Control Specification

425TCS Terminating Call ScreeningTCSB Traffic Control State BlockTCSEC Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria (Orange Book)TCT The Coroner’s ToolkitTCU Transmission Control UnitTCW Tagged Control WordTD Transmit DataTDA Tactile Digital AssaistantTDA Telediffusion d’AlgerieTDA Temporal Data AuthorityTDA Terminal Data AdapterTDA To Do ArchiveTDA Tracking and Data AcquisitionTDA Traffic Data AcquisitionTDA Transition Data AnalysisTDA Transmitted/Transported DataTDA Tunnel Diode AmplifierTDAB Terrestrial Digital Audio Broadcasting, T-DABTDAC Time Domain Aliasing CancellationTDB Trivial Data BaseTDC Transparent/Tranportation Data ChannelTDCC Transportation Data Coordinating CommitteeTDD Telecommunication Device for the DeafTDD Time Division DuplexTDDSG TeledienstedatenschutzgesetzTDDSGDVOTeledienstedatenschutzgesetzdurchführungsverordnungTDE Telescript Development EnvironmentTDES Triple Data Encryption StandardTDF Telediffusion de FranceTDF Telemetry/Tracking Data FormatterTDF Time Division/Domain FilteringTDF Title/Trace/Typeface Definition File/FormatTDF Transaction Data FileTDF Transborder/Transnational Data FlowTDF Transformada De FourierTDG Telekommunikations-Dienst-Gesetz, TeledienstegesetzTDHS Time Domain Harmonic ScalingTDI Transport Driver InterfaceTDL Trusted Devices ListTDM Time Division Multiplexer/Multiplexing

426ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNITDMATDMFTDPTDPTDRTDRSTDSTDSRTDSVTDTTDUTDXTETETETEATEBTECOTEDTEGFETTEHOTEITEITEITEITELTELEXTELNETTEMEXTEMPETENTEPTERTETTETRATFTFTFTFATFBTime Division Multiple/Multiplex AccessTransparent Data Migration FacilityTag Distribution ProtocolThermal/Typical Design PowerTime Domain Reflectometer/ReflectometryTracking and Data Relay SatelliteTeX Directory StructureTransmitter Data Service RequestTelekommmunikations-Datenschutz-VerordnungTerrestrial Dynamic TimeTopology Database UpdateTime Domain CrosstalkTerminal EquipmentTraffic EngineeringType EnforcementTiny Encryption AlgorithmThread Environment BlockTape/Text Editor and CorrectorTelefonischer ErmittlungsdienstTwo-dimensional Electron Gas Field Effect TransistorTail End Hop OffTerminal Endpoint IdentifierText Encoding and InterchangeText Encoding InitiativeTransport Error IndicatorTrans Europe LineTelegraph Exchange (Fernschreiben)Telecommunications NetworkTelemetry ExchangeTelecommunications and Enterprise Multimedia Platform EnvironTrans European NetworkTransequatorial PropagationTerminal InterfaceTest Environment ToolkitTrans European/Terrestrial Trunked Radio (System)Task ForceTerm FrequencyTrägerfrequenzTransparent File AccessTerminal Framing Bit/Bits

427TFB Thin Film BatteryTFB Time Frequency BusTFC Thermal Fly-height ControlTFC Traffic ChannelTFD Thin Film DiodeTFDD Text File Device DriverTFE TürfreisprecheinrichtungTFEL Thin Film ElectroluminescentTFH Text File/Files from Hell (Slang)TFH Thanks For Helping (Slang)TFH Thin Film HeadTFM TeX Font MetricTFN Tribe Flood NetworkTFS Translucent File System (Sun)TFT Thin Film Transistor (Display)TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol (Internet)TFTS Terrestrial Flight Telephone SystemTFTT Thanks For The Thought (Slang)TG TargetTG Transmission GroupTGAL Think Globally, Act Locally (Slang)TGB Tres Grande BibliothequeTGIF Thank God It’s Friday (Slang)TGM Timetable Generation ModuleTGN Thesaurus of Geographic NamesTGN Transmission Group NumberTGS Ticket Granting Server/ServiceTGT Ticket Granting TicketTH Transmission HeaderTH Trouble HistoryTHD Technische Hochschule Darmstadt (jetzt TUD), DeutschlandTHP Tomlinson Harashima PrecoderTHT Through Hole TechnologyTHT Token Hold/Holding Time/TimerTHWLAIAS The Hour Was Late, And I Am Senile (Slang)THX Thanks (Slang)THX Tomlinson Holman’s ExperimentTI Tele ImmersionTI Texas Instruments Inc.TI Transaction Identifier

428ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNITIATIATIATIAMTIBTIBTICTICTICFTIDTIDSVTIETIESTIESTIFTIFFTIGTIGATILTIMTIMTINARTINCTINSTINWISTIPTIPTIPTIPTIPTIPCTIPCTIPCTIPCTIPHONTIRPCTISETKTKGTKIPTelecommunications Industries AssociationThanks In Advance (Slang)Totally Integrated AutomationTerminal Interactive Access MethodTag Information BaseTechnische Informationsbibliothek, HannoverToken Ring Interface CouplerTongue In Cheek (Slang)Transport Independent Convergence for FNATarget IdentifierTelekommunikations- und Informationsdienstunternehmen-DatenTime Interval ErrorTelecom Information Exchange Services, GenfTime-Independent Escape SequenceTag Image FormatTag/Tagged Image File FormatTerminal Internet GatewayTexas Instruments Graphics ArchitectureTechnical Information LibraryThermal Interface MaterialTraffic Indication Map/MessageThis Is Not A Recommendation/Review (Slang)There Is No Cabal (Slang)This Is No Shit (Slang)That Is Not What I Said (Slang)Technology Integration ProgramTerminal IMPTerminal Interface ProcessorTerminal Internet ProtocolTransputer Image ProcessingTelecommunications Information Privacy CodeTotal Information ProcessingTransparent Inter Process CommunicationTransputer Image ProcessingTelecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonization over NeTransport Independent Remote Procedure CallTake It Somewhere Else (Slang)TelekommunikationTelekommunikationsgesetzTemporal Key Integrity Protocol

429TKOTKÜVTKVTKZULVTLTLATLATLATLABTLAPTLBTLCTLDTLDPTLERTLGETLHTLITLKTLMTLNTLNTLNTLNTLNTLNTLNKGTLQTLSTLSTLTTLTTLUTLVTMTMTMTMTMTMTelekommunikationsordnungTelekommunikations-ÜberwachungsverordnungTelekommunikations-KundenschutzverordnungTelekommunikationszulassungsverordnungTransport LayerTemporal Logic of ActionsThree Letter AcronymTop Level AggregatorTranslation Look Aside BufferToken Talk Link Access ProtocolTranslation Look Aside BufferTarget Language CompilerTop Level DomainThe Linux Documentation ProjectTime Limited Error RecoveryThe Little Golem EditorTop Level HierarchyTransport/Transfer Layer/Library InterfaceTrusted Linux KernelTelemetry (word)Telephone/Transfer Line NumberTerminal Location NumberThe Learning/Library/Local NetworkToo Late Now (Slang)Transnational Learning NetworkTrunk Line NetworkTeilnehmerkennung (NUI)Top Letter QualityTransport Layer SecurityThree Level SchedulingTeaching, Learning, and TechnologyTemporal Logic of TransitionsTable LookupTag, Length, ValueTape/Trade MarkTerminal MultiplexerTest ModeTraffic ManagementTransaction MonitorTuring Machine

430ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNITMA Telecom ManagementTMA Telecommunication Managers’ AssociationTMA Telekom MalaysiaTMA Thinfilm Micromirror ArrayTMA Timeseries Moving AverageTMA Tivoli Management AgentTMA Trusted Mail AgentTMAC Telex Multimedia Audio CommunicationTMAC Tool Monitor Adaptive ControlTMC Traffic Message ChannelTMD Time Division MultiplexingTMDS Transition Minimized Differential SignalTME Tetra MeldeempfängerTME Tivoli Management EnvironmentTMG TelemediengesetzTMM Testing Maturity ModelTMN Telecom Managed NetworkTMN Telecommunications Management NetworkTMO Thermal Magnetic OpticalTMP TemporaryTMR Triple Modular RedundancyTMR Tunnel/Tunneling MagnetoresistanceTMRC Tech Model Railroad ClubTMS Truth Maintenance SystemTMSI Temporary Mobile Subscriber IdentityTMSL Test and Measurement Systems LanguageTMTO Time Memory Trade OffTMTOWTDIThere’s More Than One Way To Do It (Slang)TN TelNetTN Twisted Nematic (panel)TNA Temex-NetzabschlussTNB TeilnehmernetzbetreiberTNB Telekommunikationsnetz-BetreiberTNC Terminal Node ControllerTND (Directie) Toezicht Netwerken en Diensten (NL)TNFEM Twisted Nematic Field Effective MaterialTNHD The New Hackers’s DictionaryTNN Transport Network NodeTNPC Taiwan New PC ConsortiumTNPP Telocator Network Paging Protocol

431TNSTNSTNVTNXTOTOATOCTODTODOTOETOEICTOFTOFTOFUTOITOJTOLTOMTOPTOPTOPFETTORTORTOSTOSTOSTOSTOURTPTPTPTPTPTPTP0TP4TPATPCTPCTPDDITemporal Noise ShapingTransparent Network SubstrateTotal Network VisibilityThanks (Slang)TimeoutType Of AddressTable Of Content/ContentsTime Of Day(kein Akronym, to do = noch zu erledigen)TCP/IP Offload EngineTest of English for International CommunicationTask Oriented FormsTop of FormText Oben, Fullquote Unten (Slang)T-Online International AGTears Of Joy (Slang)T-OnlineT-Online MessengerTable Of PagesTechnical and Office ProtocolTemperature and Overload Protected FETTelex Over RadioThe Onion RouterTape Operating SystemThe/Tramiel’s Operating SystemTop Of StackType Of ServiceTransport Optional Upgrade ReleaseTechnology PreviewTiefpassTraffic ProgramTransaction ProcessingTransport ProtocolTurbo PASCALTransport Protocol Class 0 (OSI)Transport Protocol Class 4 (OSI)Transient Program AreaTransaction Processing/Performance CouncilTransmit Power ControlTwisted Pair Distributed Data Interface

432ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNITPDUTPEPTPFTPFTPHTPITPITPMTPMTPMTPMTPSTPSTPSTPSETPSNTPTBTPUTPUTPUTQFPTQMTRTRTRTRTRTRTRTRATRATRACTRAUTRCTRCVRTRDMCTRETREATTRECTRILTransport Protocol Data UnitTrusted Product Evaluation ProgramThe Perl FoundationTransmission Priority FieldTransport Packet HeaderTag Protocol Identifiertracks per inchTerrible/Trusted Platform ModuleThird Party MaintenanceTransactions Per MinuteTrusted Platform ModuleThird Person ShooterTransaction Processing SystemTransactions Per SecondTransaction Processing Service ElementTiming-Sync Protocol for Sensor NetworksThe Powers That Be (Slang)Text Processing UtilityTransparency UnitTurbo PASCAL UnitThin Quad Flat PackageTotal Quality ManagementTask RegisterTechnische RichtlinieTerminal ReadyToken RingTravan CartridgeTravel ReportTrunk ReservationTechnology Related AnxietyTelecommunications Research AssociatesTelecommunications Recommendations Application CommitteeTranscoder and Rate Adaption UnitTone Reproduction CurveTransmitter-Receiver, TransceiverTears Running Down My Cheeks (Slang)Telecommunications Research Establishment, Malvern, EnglandTrouble Report Evaluation and Analysis ToolText Retrieval ConferenceToken Ring Interoperability Lab

433TRIPTRIPSTRIPSTRIZTRMPWRTRNGTROLITRONTRTTRTTRXTSTSTSATSATSAPTSAPITSBTSCTSCTSCCTSCCTSCCTSCCTSCCTSETSFTSMTSMTSOTSOTSOHFTSOPTSPTSPTSPTSPITSPSTSRTSSTelephony Routing over IPTera-op, Reliable, Intelligently adaptive Processing SystemTrade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property RightsTeorija Reschenija Isobretatelskich ZadatschTerminator Power (Leitung, SCSI)True Random Number GeneratorToken Ring Optimized Link InterfaceThe Realtime Operating System NucleusToken Ring TerminalToken Ring/Rotation Time/TimerTransmitter-Receiver, TransceiverTelesyncTransport Station, Telekom ServiceTarget Service AgentTechnical Support Alliance, Test Signal AnalyserTransport Service Access Point (OSI)Telephony Server/Service Application Programming InterfaceTechnical Service BulletinTime Stamp CounterTransport Scrambling ControlTechnical Standards and Common CriteriaTechnical Support Call/Contact CenterTechsmith Screen Capture CodecTerminal Server Connection ConfigurationTime Slot Control ChannelText Setup EnvironmentTiming Synchronization FunctionTerminal Server Manager (DEC)Tivoli Storage ManagerTCP Segmentation OffloadTime Sharing Option (IBM)Total Sense Of Humour Failure (Slang)Thin Small Outline PackageTexture and Shading ProcessorTime-Stamp ProtocolTravelling Salesman ProblemTelephony Service Provider InterfaceTraffic Service Position SystemTerminate and Stay ResidentTask State Segment

434ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNITSSTSSTSSTSSTSSDCTSTTSTNTSWTSWTCMTTTTTTTTAPTTBOMKTTCANTTCNTTFTTFFTTFNTTITTLTTLTTLSTTMLTTOTTPTTPTTPTTRTTTSTTSTTTTTTTTTNTTUTTULTTWTTXTTXTTXAUTCP Support for Sensor NetworksTelecommunications Standardisation/Standards Sector (ITU)Temex-SchnittstelleTime Sharing SystemTask State Segment Descriptor CacheTransmit Start ThresholdTriple Supertwisted NematicTele-SoftwareTime Sliding Window Three Colour MarkerTerminal TimingTracing ThreadTrunk TypeTrust Technology Assessment ProgramTo The Best Of My Knowledge (Slang)Time Triggered Communications Area NetworkTesting and Test Control NotationTruetype Font, Timetable FileTime To First Fix (GPS)Ta Ta For Now (Slang)Teaching, Training, and InformationTime To LiveTransistor-Transistor-LogikTunneled Transport Layer SecurityTagged Text Markup LanguageTactical Technology OfficeTime Triggered ProtocolTimed Token ProtocolTrusted Third PartyTarget Token Rotation Time/TimerText To SpeechTransaction Tracking SystemTeleteaching and TrainingThat’s The Truth (Slang)Tandem Tie Trunk NetworkTeletex-Telex-UmsetzerTalk To You Later (Slang)Through The WebTeletexVideotextTeletex Access Unit

435TTYTTYLTUTUBATUDTUEBTUGTUGTUHSTUITULIPTUPTUSTEPTVTVCTVITVOLTVRTVSTVSTTVXTWAINTWINKLETWIRPTWIUTWSCTWXTWXTXTXTXCTXDTXDTYCLOTYVMTeletype (Fernschreiber)Type/Talk To You Later (Slang)Tributary UnitTCP and UDP with Big/Bigger AddressesTechnische Universität Darmstadt (ehemals THD), DeutschlaTemex-UebertragungsbaugruppeTeX User GroupTributary Unit GroupThe UNIX Heritage SocietyText/Touch User InterfaceTCP and UDP over Lightweight IPTelephone User PortTübinger System von TextverarbeitungsprogrammenTelevisionTransient Virtual ChannelTelevision InterferenceTV Online Cable ServiceTemex-VermittlungsrechnerTransient Voltage SuppressorTeilnehmer-VermittlungsstelleValid Transmission Time/TimerTechnology Without An Interesting NameThe Weizman Institute Key Locating EngineTwo Way Infrared ProtocolThat’s What I Understand/Understood (Slang)Team World Service CenterTeletypewriter Exchange ServiceTwinax (Cable)Telex (Fernschreiben)transmit, TransmitterTransmit ClockTranmitted DataTransmitter DelayTurn Your Caps Lock Off (Slang)Thank You Very Much (Slang)UUAUAUltra-, Uniform, Universal, Unix, UserUnnumbered Acknowledgement (frame)User Area/Agent (OSI)

436ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIUAUAAUAACUACUACUAEUAEUAFUAMUAPUARTUAWGUBBUBCUBCUBEUBHUBHUBHUBHUBHRUBKUBRUCUCUCUCAIDUCARUCBUCDUCDUCEUCFUCFSUCIUCIRUCITAUCLUCLUCLAUpgrade AdvantageUniversally Administered AddressUniversity Academic Advising Center, USAUnbalanced Asynchronous ClassUser Account ControlUniverselle AnschlusseinrichtungUnrecoverable Application ErrorUser Authorization FileUser Authentication Method/ModuleUpper Address Part (Bluetooth)Universal Asynchronous Receiver TransmitterUniversal ADSL Working GroupUnified Back BufferUnified Buffer CacheUniversity of British ColumbiaUnsolicited Bulk Electronic MailUnion de Bloggers HispanosUniversität der Bundeswehr HamburgUniversitätsbibliothek HeidelbergUsenet Binary HarvesterUser Block Handling RoutineUniversitätsbibliothek KarlsruheUnspecified/Undefined Bit RateUbiquitous ComputingUniversal CodeUpper CaseUniversity Corporation for Advanced Internet DevelopmentUniversity Corporation for Atmospheric ResearchUniversity of California at Berkeley, USAUniform Call DistributorUnivention Corporate DesktopUnsolicited Commercial Electronic MailUnregister ConfirmationUnix Connectivity File ServiceUniversal Chess InterfaceUser Controlled Interactive RetrievalUniform Computer Information Transaction ActUniversal Communications LanguageUniversity College LondonUniversity of California at Los Angeles, USA

437UCO Unstructured Complex ObjectUCR Undercolor RemovalUCS Uniform Chromaticity ScaleUCS Univention Corporate ServerUCS Universal Card SlotUCS Universal Character Set (ISO 10646)UCSB University of California at Santa Barbara, USAUCSC University of California at Santa Cruz, USAUCSD University of California at San Diego, USAUCSF University of California at San Francisco, USAUDB Universal DatabaseUDC User Defined CommandUDDI Universal Description, Discovery and IntegrationUDF Uniqueness Database FileUDF Universal Disk FormatUDF User Defined FunctionUDI Unified Display/Driver InterfaceUDI Universal Document IdentifierUDI Unrestricted Digital InformationUDK Universale DezimalklassifikationUDLC Universal Data Link ControlUDLI Unified Design Language for Integrated Circuits, UDL/IUDM UnternehmensdatenmodellUDMA Ultra Direct Memory AccessUDO Ultra Density Optical (storage, disc)UDP Usenet Death Penalty (Slang)UDP User Datagram Protocol (Internet)UDP User Defined ProtocolUDRP Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (ICANN)UDSL Unidirectional/Universal Digital Subscriber LineUDSV Teledienst-Unternehmen-Datenschutz-VerordnungUDT User Defined DatatypeUE Unterhaltungs-ElektronikUEB Übertragungseinheit mit BasisbandverfahrenUEC User Environment ComponentUED Unreal Tournament EditorUED URL Encoded DataUED User Environment DesignUED User Experience Database/DirectoryUEFI Unified Extensible Firmware Interface

438ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIUEG Übertragungseinheit nach ITU G.703UEI Übertragungseinheit nach ITU I.430UEM Übertragungseinheit mit ModemverfahrenUEM Universal Energy ManagementUEP ÜbergabepunktUEP Unequal Error ProtectionUERE User Equivalent Range Error (GPS)UEV User End of VolumeUFC Ubiquitous Fashionable ComputerUFC Unified File CacheUFC URL Filter ClientUFC User Filtered ContentUFS Ultra Fast SwitchingUFS Universal/UNIX File SystemUFS Universal Flash StorageUG Underrun GoalUG User GroupUGL Universal Glyph ListUGS Univention Groupware ServerUHC Unified Hangul CodeUHCI Universal Host Controller InterfaceUHD User Help DeskUHF Ultrahigh Frequency (300 MHz – 3 GHz)UHG Ultrahigh Gain (Antenna)UHL User Header LabelUHN Unique Home NodeUI UNIX InternationalUI Unnumbered Information (frame)UI User InterfaceUIAP UNIX International Asia/PacificUIC User Identification CodeUIC User Interface ClassesUID Unique/Unix/User IdentifierUIDL Unique Identifier ListingUIFRAME Unnumbered Information FrameUIL User Interface LanguageUIM User Interface ManagementUIML User Interface Markup LanguageUIMS User Interface Management SystemUIO Userspace Input Output

439UIPIUISUITUKWULULULULAULAULDULCPCUINUINUINULNULPULPULSIULSNULVUMUMAUMAUMAUMAUMACUMBUMDUMIUMITUMITUMLUMLUMMUMMUMPCUMSUMTSUNUNUser Interface Privilege IsolationUser Interface SpecificationUnion Internationale des TelecommunicationsUltrakurzwelleUnderwriters’ Laboratory, Inc.UploadUrban Legend (Slang)Uncommitted Logic ArrayUnique Local AddressUnabhängiges Landeszentrum für Datenschutz, KielUltra Low Cost Personal ComputerUnbreakable Linux NetworkUnique Identification NumberUniversal Internet NumberUniversal Link NegotiationUnit in the Last PlaceUpper Layer ProtocolUltra Large Scale IntegrationUltra Low Speed NetworkingUltra Low VoltageUnified MessagingUnified/Uniform Memory Access/ArchitectureUniversal Management ArchitectureUnlicensed Mobile AccessUpper Memory AreaUniversal Hashing Message Authentication CodeUpper Memory BlockUniversal Media Disc (Sony)User MAN InterfaceUniversity of Manchester Institute of Technology, UKUtilities, Municipalities, and Independent TelcosUnified Modeling LanguageUser Mode LinuxUnidirectional Multipoint to MultipointUnix Macro MagicianUltra Mobile Personal ComputerUnified Messaging SystemUniversal Mobile Telecommunications SystemUnbalanced NormalUnited Nations

440ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIUNAUNCUNCUNCUNCUNDIUNGTDIUNIUNICOMUNICOREUNICOSUNIIUNIVACUNIXUNMAUNOUNSWUPUPUPUPAUPAUPCUPCUPCUPEUPGSUPIUPIUPIUPLUPMUPMUPNUPNPUPPUPPSUPSUPTURAUpstream Neighbour AddressUnbalanced Normal ClassUncorrectable (error)Unique/Universal Naming ConventionUniversity of North Carolina, USAUniversal Network Device InterfaceUN Guidelines for Trade Data InterchangeUser Network InterfaceUniversal Integrated Communication SystemUniform Interface to Computing ResourcesUNIX-based Cray Operating SystemUnlicensed National Information InfrastructureUniversal Automatic Computer(kein Akronym, not an acronym)Unified Network Management ArchitectureUniversal Network ObjectsUniversity of New South Wales, AustraliaUnambiguous nondeterministic Polynomial timeUnnumbered PollUser PlaneUltra Port Architecture (Sun)Usability Professionals AssociationUniversal Printer ControllerUniversal Product CodeUsage/User Parameter ControlUser Portability ExtensionUnfinished Project Guilt SyndromeUnited Press InternationalUniversal Peripheral InterfaceUpper Prediction IntervalUser Program LanguageUnidirectional Point to MultipointUser Profile Management (IBM)Umgekehrte Polnische Notation, RPNUniversal Plug and PlayUnidirectional Point to PointUniversal Portable Protocol StackUninterruptable Power Supply, USVUniversal Personal Telecommunication (service)Uniform Resource Agent

441URCURDURGCURIURJURLURMURMURNURQURSIUSUSANUSARTUSBUSBUSCUSDCUSFUSFFUSGUSIAUSIMUSKUSKAUSLUSLEUSMUSNUSOUSOCUSRPUSRTUSSAUSSDUSTAUSVUSWUTUTCUniform Resource Characterictics/CitationURL Rendezvous DirectoryUniform Reliable Group Communication ProtocolUniform/Universal Resource IdentifierUnregister RejectUniversal/Uniform Resource Locator (Internet)Unbegrenzte RegistermaschineUniversal Retention ModuleUniform Resource Name/NumberUnregister RequestUnion Radio-Scientifique InternationaleUnit SeparatorUniversity Satellite NetworkUniversal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver TransmitterUniversal Serial BusUpper Side BandUniversity of Southern CaliforniaUS Display ConsortiumUplink State FlagUltra Slim Form FactorUNIX Support/System Group (Novell)US Information AgencyUniversal Subscriber Identification/Identity ModuleUnterhaltungssoftwareselbstkontrolleUnion Schweizer KurzwellenamateureUNIX System Laboratories (AT&T, Novell)UNIX System Laboratories EuropeUser-based Security ModelUpdate Sequence NumberUNIX Software OperationUniform Service Order CodeUniversal Software Radio PeripheralUniversal Synchronous Receiver TransmitterUniversal Storage System ArchitectureUnstructured Supplementary Service DataUS Telephone AssociationUnterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgung, UPSUltra Short WaveUniversal Terminal/TimeUnicode Technical Committee

442ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIUTCUTDOAUTFUTIUTLUTLBUTMAUTNETUTPUTPUTRAUTRANUTSLUUCPUUIDUUIDUULPUUSUUUUVUVCUVDUVLUVPUWBUWGUWMUXUXGAUniversal Time CoordinatedUplink Time Difference Of ArrivalUnicode Transformation Format (UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-32)Universal Text InterchangeUser Trailer LabelUnified TLBUltra Thin Client Multiple AccessUniversity of Texas NetworkUniversal Personal Telephone ServiceUnshielded Twisted PairUMTS Terrestrial Radio AccessUMTS Radio Access NetworkUse The Source, Luke (Slang)UNIX to UNIX Copy Program/ProtokollUnique Universal Identifier (DCE)Universally Unique IdentifierUnified User Level ProtocolUser to User SignallingUnknown UNIX User (J. Random Hacker?)UltraviolettUSB Video ClassUnified Video DecoderUser Volume LabelUnder-Voltage ProtectionUltra Wide BandGesetz gegen den unlauteren WettbewerbUniversal Window ManagerUnix (all kinds, BSD + Linux incl.)Ultra Extended Graphics ArrayVV24V4FSLVAVAVAVAVABVACMValue, Video, VirtualV.24(CCITT-Norm für eine serielle Schnittstelle)System V Release 4 File System LayoutVertical Alignment (panel)Virtual AddressVolladdiererVulnerability AssessmentValue Added BusinessView-based Access Control Model

443VADVADVADVADCGVADDVADEVADERVADSVADSLVAFCVALVAMVAMVANVANSVAPVAPVARVASVASCOMVASTVATVATMVATPVAXVBVBVBVBVBAVBEVBFSVBGVBLVBNVBNSVBRVBR-NRTVBR-RTVBSValue Added Driver/Disaster/DealerValue Assignment DelayVoice Activity Detection/DetectorVancouver Amateur Digital Communications GroupValue Added Disk DriverView, Add, Delete, EditView, Add, Delete, Edit, RestoreValue Added Data ServiceVery High Rate Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber LineVESA Advanced Feature ConnectorVoice Application LanguageVerband der Anbieter von Mobilfunkdiensten, BonnVirtual Access MethodValue Added NetworkValue Added Network ServicesValue Added ProcessVirtual Access PointValue Added Reseller/RetailerValue Added ServiceValue Added Services Network CommunicationVector and Array Syntax TranslatorVideo/Visual Audio ToolVerband der Anbieter von Telekommunikations- und MehrwerVelazquez Application Transfer ProtocolVirtual Address Extension (DEC)Variable BlockVESA BusVirtual BeerVisual BasicVisual BASIC for Applications (Microsoft)VESA BIOS ExtensionsVery Big File SystemVery Big Grin (Slang)Vertical BlankingVermittelndes/Vermitteltes/Vorläufer Breitbandnetz (TelekomVery High Performance/Speed Backbone/Broadband NetworkVariable Bit Rate (Encoding)Variable Bit Rate - No Real TimeVariable Bit Rate - Real TimeVerteiltes Betriebssystem

444ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIVBSVCVCAVCCVCCIVCDVCDVCEGVCFVCIVCKVCLVCLVCLVCLFVCMVCOVCPIVCRVCSVCSVCSCVCSELVCSIPVCUVCXVDVDVDCVDCWVDDVDDMVDOPVDEVDEVDEVDEVDEWVDFVDGVisual Basic ScriptVirtual Call/Circuit/Channel/Connection/ContainerVoltage Controlled AmplifierVirtual Channel ConnectionVoluntary Control Council for InterferencesVideo Compact DiscVirtual Communications DriverVideo Coding Experts GroupVoltage Controlled FilterVirtual Channel Identifier/IndicatorVirtueller Campus KarlsruheVideo Coding LayerVirtual Channel LinkVisual Computing LibraryVirtual (host) Common Logfile FormatVirtual Channel MemoryVoltage Controlled OscillatorVirtual Control Programm InterfaceVideo Cassette/Conference RecorderVirtueller Campus SchweizVersion/Virus Control SystemVirtual Campus Supercomputing CenterVertical Cavity Surface Emitting LaserVideotex Communication System for Information ProvidersVoice Communication UnitVirtual Component ExchangeVoice + Data, V+DVolume DescriptorVirtual Device CoordinatesVerband der Deutschen Content WirtschaftVirtual Device/Display DriverVirtual Device Driver ManagerVertical Dilution Of PrecisionVerallgemeinertes DarstellungselementVerband Deutscher ElektrotechnikerVideo Display EditorVirtual Distributed EthernetVereinigung Deutscher ElektrizitätswerkeVariable Data FileVideo Display Generator

445VDIVDIVDIVDMVDMVDMSLVDNVDPVDPVDPIVDRVDRVDSVDSLVDSOVDTVDUVDVVEVEVEVEVECLFVEMMVERIVERIFVERPVESAVEXVFVFATVFDVFHVFIPVFIRVFNVFOVFPIVFSVFSVideo Display InterfaceVirtual Desktop InfrastructureVirtual Device InterfaceVienna Development MethodVirtual DOS MachineVienna Development Method – Semantic LanguageVirtual Data NetworkVideo Datagram ProtocolVideo Distribution ProfileVerein der Post-IngenieureVideo Disc RecorderVoltage Dependent ResistorVirtual Direct Memory Access ServiceVery High Bitrate/Data Rate Digital Subscriber LineVirtual Dynamically linked Shared ObjectVideo/Visual Display TerminalVideo/Visual Display UnitVorbestellte DauerwählverbindungVerbraucher-ElektronikVermittlungseinrichtungVirtual EnvironmentVolksempfängerVirtual (host) Extended Logfile FormatVirtual Expanded Memory ManagerVirtual Environments Research Institute, HoustonVerificationVariable Envelope Return PathVideo Electronics Standards AssociationVideo Extensions to XWSVoice FrequencyVirtual File Allocation TableVacuum Fluorescent DisplayVirtuelle FachhochschuleVoice File Interchange Protocol (Internet)Very Fast InfraredVendor Feature NoteVariable Frequency OscillatorVerein zur Förderung der Pädagogik der InformationstechnoloVersioning File SystemVirtual File System

446ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIVFSDXVFWVGVGAVGAVGCVGDAVGFVGNVVGRAVGUVHCIVHDVHDVHDCIVHDLVHDSLVHEVHFVHLLVHSVHSVHSVHSICVHSIMVHTVIAVIAVIADVIBVIBVIBTSVICVIDVIDVEILVIKARVIMVINCEVINESVerordnung für den Fernschreib- und DatexdienstVideo For Windows (Microsoft)Volume GroupVertical Grid ArrayVideo Graphics ArrayVideo Graphics ControllerVolume Group Descriptor AreaVoice Grade FacilityVerkehrsgebührennachverarbeitungVolume Group Reserved AreaVirtual Global UniversityVirtual Host Controller InterconnectVery/Video High DensityVirtual Hard Disk/Help DeskVery High Density Cable InterconnectVHSIC Hardware Description LanguageVery High Bit Rate/Speed Digital Subscriber LineVirtual Home EnvironmentVery High Frequency (30 – 300 MHz)Very High Level LanguageVery High SpeedVideo Home SystemVirtual Host StorageVery High Speed Integrated CircuitVery High Speed Interface ModuleVerteilte Hash-TabelleVendors ISDN AssociationVirtual Interface ArchitectureVideo Image Area DefinitionVideo Interface BusVirtualisierung im BildungsbereichVTAM Integrated Bulk Data Transfer SystemVideo/Voice Interface Card/ControllerVLAN IdentifierVoltage IdentificationVideo Encoded Invisible LightVirtueller Hochschulverbund KarlsruheVendor Independent MessagingVendor Independent Network Control EntityVirtual Network/Networking System/Software (Banyan)

447VIOVIOLAVIOLDVIPVIPVIPVIPVIRIMVIRORVISVISCVISDPVITAVITALVJVJHCVKVKVKVKLVLVLVLAVLAVLANVLBVLBVLBAVLBIVLCVLDBVLDBVLDWVLFVLFVLIVLISVLIWVLMVLMVideo/Virtual/Voltage Input OutputVertically Integrated Optical Testbed for Large ApplicationsVision Impaired On-line Documentation (DEC)Variable Information ProcessingVideo Input ProcessorVideo Interface PortVirtual IP (address, network)Virtual Reality in MedicineVirtuelle Universität OberrheinVoice Information System, Virtual Instruction SetVideo Instruction Set Computingverantwortlich im Sinne des PressegestzesVMEbus International Trade AssociationVirtually Integrated Technical Architecture Lifecycle (Apple)Van Jacobsen (Compression)Van Jacobsen Header CompressionVideokonferenzVisitenkarteVisuelle KommunikationVerkehrseinschränkungsklasseVirtual Life (Slang)Volume LocationVery Large ArrayVolume License AgreementVery/Virtual Local Area NetworkVerzeichnis lieferbarer BücherVESA Local BusVery Long Baseline ArrayVery Long Baseline InterferometryVariable (word) Length CodeVery Large Data BaseVolume Location DatabaseVery Long Data WordVery Low FrequencyVirtual Lookaside FacilityVariable Length IntegerVerkehrs-Leit und Informations-SystemVery Long Instruction WordVery Large MemoryVirtual Loadable Module

448ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIVLPVLRVLSIVLSICVLSMVMVMVMAVMBVMCVMDVMEVMEVMEVMGVMIVMIVMIVMIVMLVMLVMMVMRVMRPVMSVMSVMSCVMTVMTVMTPVMXVMZVNAVNCVNETVNLVNSVOVOVOBVery Low ProfileVisitor Location RegisterVery Large Scale IntegrationVery Large Scale Integration CircuitVariable Length Subnet Mask/MaskingVideo ModeVirtual Machine/MemoryVirtual Memory Access/AreaVideo Memory BufferVESA Media ChannelVersatile Multilayer DiscVersacard Modified for Eurocard (Bus)Virtual Memory ExecutiveVirtual (8086) Mode EnhancementsVideo ManagerVertical Motion IndexVideo Module InterfaceVirtual Machine InterfaceVMware Machine InterfaceVector Markup LanguageVector Mathematical LibraryVirtual Machine/Memory Manager/MonitorVideo Mixing RendererVLAN Membership Resolution ProtocolVirtual Memory System (DEC)Voice Mail/Messaging Server/SystemVisited Mobile Switching CentreVirtual Memory TechniqueVirtual Method TableVersatile Message Transaction Protocol (Internet)Vector Multimedia ExtensionVerkehrsmanagement-Zentrum/ZentraleVirtual Network ArchitectureVirtual Network ComputingVirtual NetworkVia Net LossVirtual Notebook SystemVirtual Object/OrganizationVollzugsordnung (Funkdienst)Video Object

449VOBSVOBUVOCVOCVODVODSVOFVOFDMVOFRVOIVOIPVOLVONVORVOSVOTSVOXVPVPAVPCVPCVPCVPDVPDVPDVPDVPDVPDVPDVPDVPDVPDVPDVPDVPDNVPDSVPEVPIVPLVPLVideo Object SetVideo Object UnitVoice (File)Volatile Organic CompoundVideo On DemandVideo Operators Distress SyndromVollzugsordnung für den FunkdienstVector Orthogonal Frequency Division MultiplexingVoice over Frame RelayVerband der Optischen InformationssystemeVoice over IPVolume LabelVideo/Voice Over NetVHF Omnidirectional Radio RangeVirtual Operating SystemVAX OSI Transport ServiceVoice Operated TransmissionVirtual PathVirtual Proxy AgentVery Personal ComputerVirtual Path ConnectionVirtual Personal ComputerVacuum Photo DiodeVerified Pateint DataVersion Planning DocumentVertical Polar DiagramVertically Polarized DipoleVirtual Predictive DialingVirtual Printer DeviceVirtual Private DatabaseVirtual Product DevelopmentVital Product Data (IBM)Voice Packet DriverVolunteer Project DirectoryVirtual Private Data/Dialup NetworkVirtual Private Data ServiceVirtual Processing ElementVirtual Path Identifier/IndicatorVirtual Path LinkVirtual/Visual Programming Language

450ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIVPLSVPMVPNVPNSVPOVPPVPPVPPVPPVPRTVPSVPSVPSVPTVPUVPVVPWSVQVQEGVQFVRVRVRAVRAMVRCVRCVRCVRCAVRCBVRDVRFVRFVRIDVRMVRMVRMLVRNVROOMMVRPVRPRQVirtual Private LAN/Line ServiceVirtual Protocol MachineVirtual Private NetworkVirtual Private Network ServiceVirtual Projection OriginValue Predictability PatternVirtual Presence ProtocolVolts Peak to PeakVXI Plug + PlayVerband Privater Rundfunk und TelekommunikationVerbindungsprogrammierte SteuerungVideo Program/Programm/Programmier-Service/SystemVirtual Private ServerVirtual Printing TechnologyVideo/Virtual/Visual/Vector/Voice Processing/Processor UnitVideotex programmiert Video-RecorderVirtual Private Wire ServiceVector QuantizationVideo Quality Experts GroupVector Quantization FormatVirtual Reality/RouteVoltage RegulatorVollständiger Regulärer AusdruckVideo Random Access MemoryVertical Redundancy CheckViewing Reference CoordinateVirtual Route ControlVirtual Reality Center AachenVirtual Route Control BlockVirtual Retinal DisplayVector Register FileVideo Recording FormatVirtual Route IdentifierVariable Range MarkerVoltage Regulator ModuleVirtual Reality Modeling LanguageVirtual Route NumberVirtual Realtime Object-Oriented Memory ManagementViewing Reference PointVirtual Route Pacing Request

451VRPRS Virtual Route Pacing ResponseVRRP Virtual Router Redundancy ProtocolVRU Voice Response UnitVRV Vorwärts-Rückwärts-VerhältnisVS Virtual StorageVSA Virtual Server ArchitectureVSA Virtual Storage AccessVSAM Virtual Storage Access MethodVSAT Very Small Aperture TerminalVSC Voice Security CardVSD Variable Speed DriveVSE Verification Support EnvironmentVSE Virtual Storage ExtendedVSF Vertical Scanning FrequencyVSI Verband der Software-Industrie Deutschlands e. V.VSI Virtual Socket Interface (Alliance)VSIS Video Signal Standard (VESA)VSK Video-Sender-KennungVSL Vienna Symphonic LibraryVSL Virtual Socket LibraryVSM Virtual Shared MemoryVSM Virtual Storage ManagementVSMO Virtual Social Memory OrganizerVSMSC Virtual Short Message CenterVSN Virtual Switched NetworkVSO Variable Speed OperationVSO Vertical Synchronization OffsetVSO VITA Standards OrganizationVSOP Very Special Old Programmer (like me)VSOS Virtual Storage Operating SystemVSPW Vertical Synchronization Pulse WidthVST VermittlungsstelleVST Voltage Settling TimeVSWR Voltage Standing Wave RatioVSX Verification Suite for X/OpenVSYNC Vertical Synchronization (signal)VT Vanderpool Technology (Intel)VT Vertical TabulatorVT Video/Virtual TerminalVT Visualization Tool

452ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIVZFDPBDK Verein zur Förderung der privat betriebenen Daten-KommunikatioVTAM Virtual Terminal/Telecommunications Access MethodVTB Video Timing BlockVTC Vertical Transistor CellVTC Video Teleconference CenterVTCO Virtual Terminal Control ObjectVTM Verband der Telekommunikationsnetz- und MehrwertdiensteanbieVTOA Voice and Telephony Over ATMVTOC Volume Table Of ContentsVTOS Virtual Time Operating SystemVTP Virtual Terminal ProtocolVTS Video Title SetVTS Virtual Tape/Terminal Server/Service/SupportVTS Voucher Trading SystemVTSU Virtual Terminal SupportVU Volume Unit (Lautstärke)VUD Verband der Unterhaltungssoftware DeutschlandVUE Visual User EnvironmentVUEN Virtual University Education NetworkVUI Video User InterfaceVUIT Visual User Interface Tool (DEC)VUP VAX Unit of PerformanceVUP Version UpgradeVV VersorgungsvereinbarungVV Virtual VirtualityVVL Verbund Virtuelles LaborVVPAT Voter Verified Paper Audit TrailVWM Virtual Warehouse ManagerVXD Virtual Device Driver (Microsoft)VXE VESA XGA ExtensionsVXFS VERITAS File SystemVXI VME Extensions for InstrumentationWW3W3CWAAWAAWAAWide, Window, Wireless, WorldWWW, World Wide Web (Internet)World Wide Web ConsortiumWavelet Analysis and its ApplicationsWeb Analytics AssociationWeb Application Adaptor

453WAA Wireless Advertising AssociationWAAS Wide Area Augmentation SystemWAB What Another Bill (Slang)WABI Windows Application Binary InterfaceWACK Wait AcknowledgementWACS Wireless Access Communications SystemWAD Wählautomat für DatenverbindungenWADFS Wide Area Distributed File SystemWAE Worked All EuropeWAENA Wide Area Educational NetworkWAF Web Application FirewallWAF Womens’ Acceptance FactorWAFL Write Anywhere File LayoutWAI Web Accessibility InitiativeWAIK Windows Automated Installation ToolkitWAIS Wide Area Information Servers/ServiceWAITS Wide Area Information Transfer SystemWAL Write Ahead LoggingWAM Warren Abstract MachineWAM Wide Amplitude ModulationWAMKSAM Why Are My Kids Staring At Me? (Slang)WAMP Windows, Apache, MySQL, PHPWAMPUM Ward’s Automated Menu Package Using MicrocomputersWAN Wide Area NetworkWAO Warteschlange der ablaufbereiten ObjekteWAP Wireless Application ProtocolWAP Wissenschaftlicher ArbeitsplatzWAPECS Wireless Access Policy for Electronic Communication ServicesWAPI Wireless Authentication and Privacy InfrastructureWARC World Administrative Radio ConferenceWASP Web Standards ProjectWATS Wide Area Telephone/Telecommunications ServiceWATTC World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone ConferenceWAWA Work Anywhere With AnybodyWB Welcome Back (Slang)WB Write BackWBA Wireless Broadband AccessWBC Web Based CommunicationWBC Wide Band ChannelWBEM Web Based Enterprise Management

454ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIWBMWBRCWBTWBTWCWCWCWCAGWCFWCFWCFWCFWCFWCCPWCDMAWCEWCMSWCPWCPNWCSWCSWCTWDWDAWDDMWDMWDMWDSWDSLWDYMBTWDYSWDTWEWEBWEBWEBWEBDAVWEEBWEEEWEFTWeb Based ManagementWürttembergisch-Badischer RadioclubWeb Based TrainingWindows Based TerminalWorkgroup ComputingWorld CoordinateWorst CaseWeb Content Accessibility GuidelinesWaveguide Cavity FilterWeather/Wireless Communications FacilityWeb Component FrameworkWindows Communication FoundationWord Class FunctionWeb Cache Coordination ProtocolWideband Code Division Multiple AccessWrite Cache EnableWeb Content Management SystemWorst Current PracticeWireless Customer Premises NetworkWireless Control SystemWritable Control StoreWIPO Copyright TreatyWestern DigitalWahldiensteanbieterWindows Display Driver ModelWavelength Division Multiplexer/MultiplexingWindows Driver ModelWireless Distribution SystemWireless Digital Subscriber LineWhat Do You Mean By That (Slang)What Did You Say (Slang)Watchdog TimerWrite EnableWorkshop on E-BusinessWorld Entertainment Broadcasting(short for:) World Wide Web, WWWWeb Document Authoring And VersioningWestern European EDIFACT BoardWaste of Electrical and Electronic EquipmentWeb Embedding Fonts Tool (Microsoft)

455WELLWEPWFWFAWFGWFMWFMWFMWFMCWFMSWFPWFPWFPWFQWFSWFWWGWGAWGDTBWGIGWGSWGSWHAKWHNFWHQLWIAWIBNIWICWILDWIMAXWIMPWIMPSWIMREWINWINWINSWINSWIPWIPOWISWhole Earth ’Lectronic LinkWired/Wireless Equipment/Equivalent Privacy/ProtocolWorkflowWi-Fi AllianceWait For GraphWide Frequency ModulationWired for ManagementWorks For Me (and no one else)Workflow Management CoalitionWorkflow Management SystemWait for First PacketWell Formed PathWindows File ProtectionWeighted Fair QueuingWoodstock File ServerWindows For Workgroups (Microsoft)Working Group (ISO)Windows Genuine AdvantageWorking Group on Digital Television BroadcastingWorking Group on Internet Governance (ITU)Work Group SystemWorld Geodetic System (WGS84)With Hugs And Kisses (Slang)Weak Head Normal FormWindows Hardware Quality LabWindows Image AcquisitionWould It Be Nice If (Slang)Wireless Indoor CommunicationWireless Interactive Learning DeviceWorldwide Interoperability for Microwave AccessWindows, Icons, Menus/Mice, Pointing (s. a. MUFF)Windows, Icons, Menus/Mice, Pointing, Scroll barsWenn Ich Mich Recht Erinnere (Slang)Wireless Inhouse NetworkWissenschaftsnetz des DFN (X.25)Windows Internet Name Service (Microsoft)Wireless Integrated Network SensorWork In Progress (Slang)World Intellectual Property OrganizationWindows Installer Service

456ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIWISOAWISPWKSWLWLANWLANAWLBSWLLWLMWMWMAWMANWMDWMDWMDWMDWMDRMWMEWMFWMIWMLWMMWMNWMRWMRSWMSWMTWMVWNICWNIMWNPWNPPWOAWOCNRAWODWOKWOLWOLWOLFWOMWIMAX Spectrum Owners AllianceWireless Internet Service ProviderWell Known Service/Socket (Internet)Wear LevelingWireless Local Area NetworkWireless LAN AssociationWindows Load Balancing ServiceWireless Local LoopWorkload ManagerWindow ManagerWindows Media AudioWireless Metropolitan Area NetworkWeb Media DevelopersWindows Media Device/DownloadWorld Mail DirectoryWYSIWYM Markdown (language, editor)Windows Media Digital Rights ManagementWindows Media EncoderWindows Media/Metafile FormatWindows Management Interface/InstrumentationWireless Markup LanguageWi-Fi MultimediaWireless Mesh NetworkWireless Meshing RouterWrite Me Real Soon (Slang)Wide Area Master StationWindows Media TechnologiesWindows Media VideoWAN Interface CoprocessorWAN Interface ModuleWeissbier Networking Protocol (Microhopf)Work-Needing and Prospective Package (Debian)Web Object ApplicationWobble Signal to Noise Ration after RecordingWeb Object DefinitionWake On KeyboardWake On LANWindow Object LibraryWeak Signal Operation for Low FrequencyWake On Modem

457WOMWOMBATWOPWORMWOSWOSWOSWOSWOSWOSWOSWOSAWOTWOTAWPWPWPWPWPAWPANWPCWPDWPFWPHDWPIMWPMWPPTWPSWPSWPSWRAMWRBWRELWRLWRPWRRWRSWRTWRTHWSWrite-Only-MemoryWaste Of Money, Brains, And Time (Slang)Werkstattorientierte ProgrammierungWrite Once, Read Many/MultipleWeb Object ScriptWeb/Workplace/Workstation Operating SystemWebserver On StickWindows Open ServicesWireless Office Services/Solutions/SystemWizards of OS (Operating Systems)Workshop for Open SystemsWindows Open Systems Architecture (Microsoft)Web Of TrustWho’s On The Air (database)White PagesWikipediaWord ProcessorWrite ProtectedWi-Fi Protected AccessWireless Personal Area NetworkWearable Personal ComputerWindows Printer DescriptionWindows Presentation FoundationWrite Protected Hard DiskWAN Interface Port Modulewords per minuteWIPO Performances and Phonograms TreatyWi-Fi Protected SetupWindows Printing SystemWorkplace Shell (IBM)Window Random Access MemoryWeb Request BrokerWireless Resonant Energy Link(DEC) Western Research LaboratoryWinsock Redirection ProtocolWeighted Round RobinWide Area Ground Reference StationWith Regard/Respect To (Slang)World Radio and Television HandbookWide Screen

458ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIWSWSWSADWSDLWSGIWSHWSISWSNWSPWSQWSRFWSSWSSWSSWSTWSTSWSUSWTWTWTBWTHWTKWTLWTLSWTOSWTSWTSWTSWTSWTSWTSWTSWTTWTTFWTTMWULFWUSWUSBWUXGAWVQWindow SizeWorkstationWebsphere Studio Application DeveloperWeb Services Description Language(Python) Web Server Gateway InterfaceWindows Scripting HostWorld Summit on the Information SocietyWireless Sensor NetworkWeb Standards ProjectWavelet Scalar QuantizationWeb Services Resource FrameworkWeb Services SecurityWindows Sharepoint Services (Microsoft)Windows Sound System (Microsoft)World System TeletextWorld Semiconductor Trade StatisticsWindows Server Update ServicesWithout Thinking (Slang)Write ThroughWanted To Buy (Slang)What The Heck/Hell (Slang)Wechselstrom-Telegrafie auf KurzwelleWechselstrom-Telegrafie auf LangwelleWireless Transport Layer SecurityWyse Thin Operating SystemWeb/Wireless Tracking SystemWeb Transaction Security/ServicesWeb Transcoding ServerWiMAX Test SystemWindows Terminal Server (Microsoft)Wireless Telephone SystemWorld Telecommunication StandardizationWanted To Trade (Slang)Want To Test First (Slang)Without Thinking Too Much (Slang)Wake Up on Line/Liquid FeedWindows Update Services (Microsoft)Wireless Universal Serial BusWide Ultra Extended Graphics ArrayWavelet Vector Quantization

459WW WahlwiederholungWWC World Wide ComputingWWDM Wide Wavelength Division MultiplexWWG Wieder Was Gelernt (Slang)WWOZ Wahre Weingartener OrtszeitWWRF Wireless World Research ForumWWW W3, World Wide Web, World Wide Waiting, Weltweites WartenWWW Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows MEWWW Works With and WithoutWWWW World Wide Web Wizard/WormWWWWW World Wide Web Worm WarningWXGA Wide Extended Graphics ArrayWYS Whatever You Say (Slang)WYSIWYG What You See Is What You GetWYSIWYM What You See Is What You MeanWYSIWIS What You See Is What I SeeWZC Wireless Zero ConfigurationXExchange, Execute, Extended, X Window SystemX11 X Window System Version 11X11R7 X Window System Version 11 Release 7XA Extended Architecture/AttributeXAA XFree86 Acceleration ArchitectureXAFS X-ray Absorption Fine StructureXAML Extensible Application Markup LanguageXAPIA X.400-API AssociationXAUI 10 Gigabit Attachment Unit InterfaceXBAC Experience Based Admission ControlXBAP XAML Browser ApplicationXBM X Window System Black-and-white Bitmap (file)XBRL Extensible Business Reporting LanguageXCBP XML Common Biometric FormatXCD Extended Compact DiscXCHG ExchangeXCHS Extended Cylinders, Heads, SectorsXCMD Extended Mode Command (Apple)XCMD External CommandXCP Extended Copy Protection (Sony)XD Execute Disable

460ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIXDXDCSXDFXDLEXDMCPXDPXDRXDSXEDXETBXETXXEWAXFAXFAXFCNXFDFXFDLXFNXFSXFSXFSXFSXGXGAXHCIXHTMLXIDXIEXIE-DISXIMXIOXITBXKBXLATEXLFDXLINKXLLXLLXLMXMIExtreme Digital (Card)X/Open Distributed Computing ServicesExtended Density Format (IBM)Transparent Data Link EscapeX11 Display Manager Control ProtocolXML Data PackageExternal/Extended Data RepresentationX/Open Directory ServiceXML Enabled DirectoryTransparent End of Transmission BlockTransparent End of TextXML-Enabled Wide Area Search in BioinformaticsExtended File AttributeXML Forms ArchitectureExternal FunctionXML Forms Data FormatExtensible Forms Description LanguageX/Open Federated Naming ServiceExtensions for Financial ServicesSGI Extended File SystemX11 Extended File SystemX11 Font ServerExtended General MIDIExtended Graphics Array (IBM)Extended Host Controller InterfaceExtensible Hypertext Markup LanguageExchange Identifier/IdentificationX11 Image/Imaging Extension (Standard)XIE Document Imaging SubsetX11 Input MethodExtended Input OutputTransparent Intermediate BlockX11 Keyboard ExtensionTranslateX11 Logical Font Description/DescriptorExtended Local Informatik Netz KarlsruheExtensible Linking LanguageXLink and XPointer LanguagesExcel Macro Language (Microsoft)XTendbus Multibus Interface

461XMITXMLXMMXMPXMPXMPPXMSXMSNXMTXMTRXNSXOFFXOMXONXORXORPXOSXOTXPXPXPCXPELXPFEXPGXPLAXPMXPSXPTXPVMXRXRCXREFXSCXSDTXSIXSLXSLFOXSLTXSMDXSMPTransmitExtensible Markup LanguageExtended Memory ManagerX/Open Management ProtocolExtensible Metadata Platform (Adobe)Extensible Messaging and Presence ProtocolExtended Memory SpecificationTransmissionTransmitTransmitterXerox Network Services/Standard/SystemExchange/Transmitter OffX/Open ManagementExchange/Transmitter OnExclusive Or (auch: EOR)Extensible Open Router PlatformExperimental Operating SystemX.25 Over TCP/IPCross PointExtreme ProgrammingX11 Performance Characterization GroupX11 Protocol Engine LibraryCross Platform Front EndX/Open Portability GuideExtended Programmable Logic ArrayX Window System Pixelmap (file)XML Paper SpecificationExternal Page TableExecutable Parallel Virtual MachineIndex RegisterExtended Remote CopyCross Reference ListExtended Scientific CalculationExtended System Description TableX/Open Systenm Interface SpecificationExtensible Style(sheet) LanguageExtensible Style(sheet) Language Formatting ObjectExtensible Style(sheet) Language TransformationExtended Storage Module DriveX11 Session Manager Protocol

462ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIXSSXSSIXSSOXSTXXSYNXTXTXTALXTCLKXTIXTPXTTDXUIXULXUMAXVEXVIXVSXVTXWDXWSCross-Site ScriptingExtended Server Side IncludesX/Open Single Sign-On (Service)Transparent Start of TextTransparent Synchronous IdleCrosstalkExtended TechnologyCrystalExternal Transmit ClockX/Open Transport (Layer) InterfaceXPress Transfer ProtocolTransparent Temporary Text DelayX11 User InterfaceExtensible/XML-Based User Interface LanguageExpertensystem Umweltgefährlichkeit von AltlastenX11 Visual ExtensionsXTendbus VMEbus InterfaceX/Open System V SpecificationExtensible Virtual ToolkitX11 Window DumpX Window System, X11Y2K Year 2000 A.D.YABA Yet Another Bloody Acronym (Slang)YAFIYGI You Asked For It, You Got It (Slang)YAFFS Yet Another Flash File SystemYALE Yet Another Learning EnvironmentYAODL Yet Another Object Description LanguageYAPC Yet Another Perl ConferenceYAPL Yet Another Programming LanguageYAS Yet Another SocietyYCAGWYW You cannot always get what you want (Slang)YDL Yellow Dog LinuxYKWIS You Know What I’m Saying (Slang)YMD Year Month Day (ISO 8601)YMMD You Made My Day (Slang)YMMD Your Mileage May Differ/Diminish (Slang)YMMV Your Mileage May Vary (Slang)YODL Yet one Other Document Language

463YOU YAST Online Update (SuSE)YOYOW You Own Your Own Words (Slang)YP Yellow Pages (NIS)YTTT You Telling The Truth (Slang)YUV (Farbmodell: Luminanz Y, Chrominanzwerte U, V)ZZAZAZAZACZAIZAIKZAKZAMZBRZBTZBTSIZCZCAVZCCZCLVZCMLZCRZCTZDFZDLZDRZDRZDVAZEZECZENZEOZFZFMZFSZFSZGDVZahl, Zeichen, Zeit, Zentral-, Zentrum, Zero, ZoneZero Adjusted/AdjusterZero Administration (networking)Zone AlarmZero Administration ClientZero Administration InitiativeZentrum für Angewandte Informatik, Universität KölnZero Administration Kit (Microsoft)Zentralinstitut für Angewandte Mathematik, JülichZone Bit RecordingZero Bus TurnaroundZero-Byte Time Slot InterchangeZone CoordinatorZone/Zoned Constant Angular VelocityZone Coordinator CouncilZone/Zoned Constant Linear VelocityZope Configuration Markup LanguageZero Channel RAIDZero Count TableZweites Deutsches Fernsehen, MainzZero Delay LockoutZeilendruckerZone Density RecordingZentrale DatenverarbeitungsanlageZentraleinheitZone Echomail CoordinatorZero Effort Network (Novell)Zope Enterprise ObjectZwischenfrequenzZentralamt Für Mobilfunk, MünsterZettabyte File SystemZone Field SelectionZentrum für Graphische Datenverarbeitung

464ANHANG U. ABKÜRZUNGEN AUS INFORMATIK UND TELEKOMMUNIZGSZHRZIZIAZIBZIFZIMSZIPZIPZISZISCZKAZKDZKDSGZKMZLZMHZMIZNBZODBZOFFZOOZOPEZPPZPTZPUeZRTPZSZSIZSKZSLZSPZSSZTZBZVZVZVZVDFUEZVEZVEHZeichengabesystemZero Hop RoutingZentrale InstandhaltungZentrale Inteliigenz-AgenturKonrad-Zuse-Zentrum für Informationstechnik, BerlinZero Insertion ForceZope Inventory Management SystemZone Improvement PlanZone Information ProtocolZertifikationsinfrastrukturZero Instruction Set ComputerZentraler KreditausschussZentrum für Kommunikationstechnik und Datenverarbeitung, StuZugangskontrolldiensteschutzgesetzZentrum für Kunst und Medientechnologie, KarlsruheZeileZone Mailing HourZone Management InterfaceZNYX NetBlasterZope Object Data BaseZeichenorientierte Fenster-FunktionenZone Operation OrganisationZ Object Publishing EnvironmentZero-error Probabilistic Polynomial timeZope Page TemplateZentralstelle für Private ÜberspielungsrechteZimmermann’s Real-time Transport ProtocolZeitschlitzZentralstelle für Sicherheit in der InformationstechnikZone Signing KeyZero Slot LANZwischenspeicherZentraler Service SwitchZentrale Technik Zentraler BetriebslenkungZahlungsverkehrZeilenvorschubZoomed Video (Port)Zahlungsverkehr-DatenfernübertragungZählervergleichseinrichtungZentralverband der Deutschen Elektrohandwerke

465ZVEIZWZWRZWSZZFZZKZentralverband der Elektrotechnik- und ElektronikindustrieZielwahlZwischenraum (space)Zero Wait StateZentralamt für Zulassungen im FernmeldewesenZentraler Zeichenkanal (ISDN)

VKarlsruher TestNicht jedermann eignet sich für so schwierige Dinge wie die elektronischeDatenverarbeitung. Um Ihnen die Entscheidung zu erleichtern,ob Sie in die EDV einsteigen oder sich angenehmerenDingen widmen sollten, haben wir ganz besonders für Sie einenTest entwickelt. Woran denken Sie bei:BitWas zum Trinken, aus der Eifel (1 Punkt)Schraubendrehereinsatz (1)kleinste Dateneinheit (2 Punkte)Festplatte Was zum Essen, vom Partyservice (1)Schallplatte (0)Massenspeicher (2)Menü Was zum Essen (1)Dialogtechnik (2)mittelalterlicher Tanz (0)CPU politische Partei (0)Zentralprozessor (2)Carnevalsverein (0)Linker Linkshänder (0)Anhänger einer Linkspartei (1)Programm zum Binden von Modulen (2)IBM Ich Bin Müde (1)International Business Machines (2)International Brotherhood of Magicians (1)Schnittstelle Verletzung (1)Verbindungsstelle zweier EDV-Geräte (2)Werkstatt eines Bartscherers (0)Slot Steckerleiste im Computer (2)466

einarmiger Bandit (1)niederdeutsch für Kamin (0)467

468 ANHANG V. KARLSRUHER TESTFortran starker Lebertran (0)Formal Trash Notation (0)Programmiersprache (2)Mainframe Frachtkahn auf dem Main (0)Damit wollte FRIDTJOF NANSEN zum Nordpol (0)großer Computer (2)PC Plumpsklo (Gravitationstoilette) (1)Personal Computer (2)Power Computing Language (0)Puffer Was zum Essen, aus Kartoffeln (1)Was am Eisenbahnwagen (1)Zwischenspeicher (2)Software Rohstoff für Softice (0)Programme, Daten und so Zeugs (2)was zum Trinken (0)Port was zum Trinken (1)Hafen (1)Steckdose für Peripheriegeräte (2)Strichcode maschinell lesbarer Code (2)Geheimsprache im Rotlichtviertel (0)Urliste in der Statistik (0)Chip was zum Essen (1)was zum Spielen (1)Halbleiterbaustein (2)Pointer Hund (1)starker Whisky (0)Zeiger auf Daten, Adresse (2)Page Hotelboy (1)englisch, Seite in einem Buch (1)Untergliederung eines Speichers (2)

Character was manchen Politikern fehlt (1)Schriftzeichen (2)Wasserfall (0)469

470 ANHANG V. KARLSRUHER TESTBetriebssystemKonzern (0)betriebsinternes Telefonsystem (0)wichtigstes Programm im Computer (2)Traktor Papiereinzugsvorrichtung (2)landwirtschaftliches Fahrzeug (1)Zahl beim Multiplizieren (0)Treiber Hilfsperson bei der Jagd (1)Programm zum Ansprechen der Peripherie (2)Vorarbeiter (0)Animator was zum Trinken (1)Unterhalter (1)Programm für bewegte Grafik (2)Hackbrett Musikinstrument (1)Werkzeug im Hackbau (0)Tastatur (2)emulieren nachahmen (2)Öl in Wasser verteilen (0)entpflichten (0)Font Menge von Schriftzeichen (2)Soßengrundlage (1)Hintergrund, Geldmenge (0)Server Brettsegler (0)Kellner (0)Computer für Dienstleistungen (2)Yabbawhap Datenkompressionsprogramm (2)Kriegsruf der Südstadt-Indianer (0)was zum Essen (0)Terminal Schnittstelle Mensch - Computer (2)Bahnhof oder Hafen (1)Zubehör zu Drahttauwerk (1)

Ampersand Sand aus der Amper (1)et-Zeichen, Kaufmanns-Und (2)Untiefe im Wattenmeer (0)471

472 ANHANG V. KARLSRUHER TESTAlias altgriechisches Epos (0)alttestamentarischer Prophet (0)Zweitname (2)Buscontroller Busfahrer (0)Busschaffner (0)Programm zur Steuerung eines Datenbusses (2)Algol was zum Trinken (0)Doppelstern (1)Programmiersprache (2)Rom Stadt in Italien (1)schwedisch für Rum (1)Read only memory (2)Dram Dynamic random access memory (2)dänisch für Schnaps (1)Straßenbahn (0)Diskette Mädchen, das oft in Discos geht (0)weiblicher Diskjockey (0)Massenspeicher (2)Directory oberste Etage einer Firma (0)Inhaltsverzeichnis (2)Kunststil zur Zeit der Franz. Revolution (0)Dekrement was die Verdauung übrig läßt (0)Anordnung von oben (0)Wert, um den ein Zähler verringert wird (2)Sprungbefehl Vorkommnis während Ihres Wehrdienstes (0)Kommando im Pferdesport (0)Anweisung in einem Programm (2)Oktalzahl Maß für die Klopffestigkeit (0)Zahl zur Basis 8 (2)Anzahl der Oktaven einer Orgel (0)

Subroutine Kleidungsstück eines Priesters (0)was im Unterbewußten (0)Unterprogramm (2)473

474 ANHANG V. KARLSRUHER TESTSpoiler Was zum Essen (0)Posting in den Netnews (2)Was am Auto (1)virtuell tugendhaft (0)die Augen betreffend (0)nicht wirklich vorhanden, scheinbar (2)Klammeraffe ASCII-Zeichen (2)Bürogerät (1)Affenart in Südamerika (0)ESC Eisenbahner-Spar- und Creditverein (0)Eishockeyclub (0)escape, Fluchtsymbol (2)Monitor Karlsruher Brauerei (0)Fernsehsendung (1)Bildschirmgerät, Überwachungsprogramm (2)Unix Tütensuppe (0)Freund von Asterix und Obelix (0)hervorragendes Betriebssystem (2)Joystick Computerzubehör (2)männlicher Körperteil (0)Hebel am Spielautomat (0)Maus kleines Säugetier (1)Computerzubehör (2)junge Dame (1)Icon russisches Heiligenbild (0)Sinnbild (2)Kamerafabrik (0)Pascal französischer Mathematiker (1)Maßeinheit für Druck (1)Programmiersprache (2)

Wysiwyg englisch für Wolpertinger (0)französisch für Elmentritschen (0)what you see is what you get (2)475

476 ANHANG V. KARLSRUHER TESTRegister was in Flensburg (1)was an der Orgel (1)Speicher (2)Record was im Sport (1)englisch für Blockflöte (0)Datensatz (2)HP High Price (0)Hewlett-Packard (2)Horse Power (1)Kermit Dichtungspaste (0)Frosch aus der Muppet-Show (1)Dateiübertragungs-Protokoll (2)Ethernet Baustoff (Asbestzement) (0)Local Area Network (2)Student der ETH Zürich (0)Algorithmus Übermäßiger Genuß geistiger Getränke (0)Krankheit (0)Rechenvorschrift (2)File Was zum Essen, vom Metzger (0)Menge von Daten (2)Durchtriebener Kerl (0)Bug Vorderteil eines Schiffes (1)Fehler im Programm (2)englisch für Wanze (1)Router jemand mit Routine (0)französischer LKW-Fahrer (0)Verbindungsglied zweier Netze (2)Zylinder Kopfbedeckung (1)Teil einer Kolbenmaschine (1)Unterteilung eines Plattenspeichers (2)

FTP kleine, aber liberale Partei (0)File Transfer Protocol (2)Floating Point Processor (0)477

478 ANHANG V. KARLSRUHER TESTDomäneGeist(0)Bereich (2)Blume (0)Bridge Kartenspiel (1)internationales Computernetz (0)Verbindung zweier Computernetze (2)Email Glasur (1)elektronische Post (2)Sultanspalast (0)Baum was im Wald (Wurzel unten) (1)was auf einem Schiff (keine Wurzel) (1)was aus der Informatik (Wurzel oben) (2)Internet Schule mit Schlafgelegenheit (0)Zwischenraum (0)Weltweites Computernetz (2)Split UNIX-Kommando (2)kantige Steinchen (0)Stadt in Dalmatien (1)Mini Damenoberbekleidung (1)kleiner Computer (2)Frau von Mickey Mouse (0)Cut Herrenoberbekleidung (1)Colonia Ulpia Traiana (1)UNIX-Kommando (2)2B|!2B Parallelprozessor (0)Assembler-Befehl (0)ein Wort Hamlets (2)Shell Filmschauspielerin (Maria S.) (0)Kommando-Interpreter (2)Mineralöl-Gesellschaft (1)

Slip Unterbekleidung (1)Schlupfschuh (0)Internet-Protokoll (2)479

480 ANHANG V. KARLSRUHER TESTDiäresis Durchfall (0)Diakritisches Zeichen (Umlaute) (2)Ernährungslehre (0)Space Bar Kneipe im Weltraum (www.spacebar.com) (0)Maßeinheit für den Druck im Weltraum (0)Größte Taste auf der Tastatur (2)Popper Popcorn-Röster (0)Mail-Programm (2)Philosoph aus Wien (1)Rohling Wüster Kerl (1)Noch zu beschreibende CD/DVD (2)Rohkost-Liebhaber (0)Schleife Kleidungsstück (1)Schlitterbahn (1)Kontrollanweisung eines Programmes (2)Alex Altlasten-Expertensystem (1)Automatic Login Executor (1)Globales Dateisystem (1)Altair Stern (Alpha Aquilae) (1)Gebirge in Zentralasien (0)früher Personal Computer (2)Halbbitter Was zum Essen (Schokolade) (1)Strom- und bitsparender Prozessor (0)Was zum Trinken (0)Eure Priorität Anrede des Priors in einem Kloster (0)Anrede des Ersten Sekretärs im Vatikan (0)Anrede des Systemverwalters (6)Zählen Sie Ihre Punkte zusammen. Die Auswertung ergibt Folgendes:• über 170 Punkte: Überlassen Sie das Rechnen künftig demComputer.

481• 85 bis 170 Punkte: Mit etwas Fleiß wird aus Ihnen ein EDV-Experte.• 18 bis 84 Punkte: Machen Sie eine möglichst steile Karriereaußerhalb der EDV und suchen Sie sich fähige Mitarbeiter.• unter 18 Punkten: Vielleicht hatten Sie schlechte Lehrer?

WGNU LizenzenW.1 GNU General Public LicenseKopiert von http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.Version 2, June 1991Copyright © 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USAEveryone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies ofthis license document, but changing it is not allowed.PREAMBLEThe licenses for most software are designed to take away yourfreedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU GeneralPublic License is intended to guarantee your freedom to shareand change free software—to make sure the software is free forall its users. This General Public License applies to most of theFree Software Foundation’s software and to any other programwhose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free SoftwareFoundation software is covered by the GNU Library General PublicLicense instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too.When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom,not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make surethat you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software(and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive sourcecode or can get it if you want it, that you can change the softwareor use pieces of it in new free programs; and that you know youcan do these things.To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbidanyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrenderthe rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilitiesfor you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modifyit.482

W.1. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 483For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whethergratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rightsthat you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or canget the source code. And you must show them these terms so theyknow their rights.We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software,and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permissionto copy, distribute and/or modify the software.Also, for each author’s protection and ours, we want to makecertain that everyone understands that there is no warranty forthis free software. If the software is modified by someone else andpassed on, we want its recipients to know that what they have isnot the original, so that any problems introduced by others willnot reflect on the original authors’ reputations.Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by softwarepatents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors ofa free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effectmaking the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have madeit clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone’s free useor not licensed at all.The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution andmodification follow.GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSETERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING,DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION0. This License applies to any program or other work whichcontains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying itmay be distributed under the terms of this General PublicLicense. The “Program”, below, refers to any such programor work, and a “work based on the Program” means eitherthe Program or any derivative work under copyright law:that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portionof it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translatedinto another language. (Hereinafter, translation is includedwithout limitation in the term “modification”.) Eachlicensee is addressed as “you”.Activities other than copying, distribution and modificationare not covered by this License; they are outside its scope.

484 ANHANG W. GNU LIZENZENThe act of running the Program is not restricted, and theoutput from the Program is covered only if its contents constitutea work based on the Program (independent of havingbeen made by running the Program). Whether that istrue depends on what the Program does.1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program’ssource code as you receive it, in any medium, providedthat you conspicuously and appropriately publish oneach copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimerof warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to thisLicense and to the absence of any warranty; and give anyother recipients of the Program a copy of this License alongwith the Program.You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring acopy, and you may at your option offer warranty protectionin exchange for a fee.2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or anyportion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program,and copy and distribute such modifications or work underthe terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meetall of these conditions:(a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominentnotices stating that you changed the files and the dateof any change.(b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish,that in whole or in part contains or is derivedfrom the Program or any part thereof, to be licensedas a whole at no charge to all third parties under theterms of this License.(c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactivelywhen run, you must cause it, when startedrunning for such interactive use in the most ordinaryway, to print or display an announcement including anappropriate copyright notice and a notice that there isno warranty (or else, saying that you provide a warranty)and that users may redistribute the program underthese conditions, and telling the user how to view acopy of this License. (Exception: if the Program itself

W.1. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 485is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement,your work based on the Program is notrequired to print an announcement.)These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.If identifiable sections of that work are not derived fromthe Program, and can be reasonably considered independentand separate works in themselves, then this License,and its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distributethem as separate works. But when you distributethe same sections as part of a whole which is a work basedon the Program, the distribution of the whole must beon the terms of this License, whose permissions for otherlicensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each andevery part regardless of who wrote it.Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights orcontest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather,the intent is to exercise the right to control the distributionof derivative or collective works based on the Program.In addition, mere aggregation of another work not basedon the Program with the Program (or with a work basedon the Program) on a volume of a storage or distributionmedium does not bring the other work under the scope ofthis License.3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work basedon it, under Section 2) in object code or executable formunder the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided thatyou also do one of the following:(a) Accompany it with the complete correspondingmachine-readable source code, which must be distributedunder the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on amedium customarily used for software interchange; or,(b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at leastthree years, to give any third party, for a charge nomore than your cost of physically performing sourcedistribution, a complete machine-readable copy of thecorresponding source code, to be distributed under theterms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarilyused for software interchange; or,

486 ANHANG W. GNU LIZENZEN(c) Accompany it with the information you received as tothe offer to distribute corresponding source code. (Thisalternative is allowed only for noncommercial distributionand only if you received the program in objectcode or executable form with such an offer, in accordwith Subsection b above.)The source code for a work means the preferred form ofthe work for making modifications to it. For an executablework, complete source code means all the source codefor all modules it contains, plus any associated interfacedefinition files, plus the scripts used to control compilationand installation of the executable. However, as a specialexception, the source code distributed need not include anythingthat is normally distributed (in either source or binaryform) with the major components (compiler, kernel, andso on) of the operating system on which the executable runs,unless that component itself accompanies the executable.If distribution of executable or object code is made by offeringaccess to copy from a designated place, then offeringequivalent access to copy the source code from the sameplace counts as distribution of the source code, even thoughthird parties are not compelled to copy the source alongwith the object code.4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Programexcept as expressly provided under this License. Anyattempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distributethe Program is void, and will automatically terminate yourrights under this License. However, parties who have receivedcopies, or rights, from you under this License willnot have their licenses terminated so long as such partiesremain in full compliance.5. You are not required to accept this License, since you havenot signed it. However, nothing else grants you permissionto modify or distribute the Program or its derivativeworks. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not acceptthis License. Therefore, by modifying or distributingthe Program (or any work based on the Program), you indicateyour acceptance of this License to do so, and all its

W.1. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 487terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifyingthe Program or works based on it.6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work basedon the Program), the recipient automatically receives a licensefrom the original licensor to copy, distribute or modifythe Program subject to these terms and conditions. You maynot impose any further restrictions on the recipients’ exerciseof the rights granted herein. You are not responsiblefor enforcing compliance by third parties to this License.7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation ofpatent infringement or for any other reason (not limitedto patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whetherby court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict theconditions of this License, they do not excuse you from theconditions of this License. If you cannot distribute so as tosatisfy simultaneously your obligations under this Licenseand any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequenceyou may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if apatent license would not permit royalty-free redistributionof the Program by all those who receive copies directly orindirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfyboth it and this License would be to refrain entirely fromdistribution of the Program.If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceableunder any particular circumstance, the balance of thesection is intended to apply and the section as a whole isintended to apply in other circumstances.It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringeany patents or other property right claims or to contest validityof any such claims; this section has the sole purposeof protecting the integrity of the free software distributionsystem, which is implemented by public license practices.Many people have made generous contributions to the widerange of software distributed through that system in relianceon consistent application of that system; it is up to theauthor/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distributesoftware through any other system and a licensee cannotimpose that choice.

488 ANHANG W. GNU LIZENZENThis section is intended to make thoroughly clear what isbelieved to be a consequence of the rest of this License.8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted incertain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces,the original copyright holder who places the Programunder this License may add an explicit geographical distributionlimitation excluding those countries, so that distributionis permitted only in or among countries not thusexcluded. In such case, this License incorporates the limitationas if written in the body of this License.9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/ornew versions of the General Public License from time totime. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the presentversion, but may differ in detail to address new problemsor concerns.Each version is given a distinguishing version number. Ifthe Program specifies a version number of this Licensewhich applies to it and “any later version”, you have theoption of following the terms and conditions either of thatversion or of any later version published by the Free SoftwareFoundation. If the Program does not specify a versionnumber of this License, you may choose any version everpublished by the Free Software Foundation.10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into otherfree programs whose distribution conditions are different,write to the author to ask for permission. For softwarewhich is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation, writeto the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes makeexceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the twogoals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of ourfree software and of promoting the sharing and reuse ofsoftware generally.NO WARRANTY11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE,THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EX-TENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHENOTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOL-DERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM

W.1. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE 489“AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EX-PRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY ANDFITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISKAS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAMIS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE,YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,REPAIR OR CORRECTION.12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW ORAGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER,OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDIS-TRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLETO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECI-AL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISINGOUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM(INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DA-TA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINEDBY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PRO-GRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVENIF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OFTHE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONSAppendix: How to Apply These Terms toYour New ProgramsIf you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatestpossible use to the public, the best way to achieve this isto make it free software which everyone can redistribute andchange under these terms.To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It issafest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectivelyconvey the exclusion of warranty; and each file shouldhave at least the “copyright” line and a pointer to where the fullnotice is found.

490 ANHANG W. GNU LIZENZENCopyright (C) This program is free software; you can redistribute itand/or modify it under the terms of the GNU GeneralPublic License as published by the Free SoftwareFoundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at youroption) any later version.This program is distributed in the hope that it willbe useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; withouteven the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITYor FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Seethe GNU General Public License for more details.You should have received a copy of the GNU GeneralPublic License along with this program; if not, write tothe Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place -Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.Also add information on how to contact you by electronic andpaper mail.If the program is interactive, make it output a short noticelike this when it starts in an interactive mode:Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WAR-RANTY; for details type ‘show w’.This is free software, and you are welcome to redistributeit under certain conditions; type ‘show c’ fordetails.The hypothetical commands show w and show c shouldshow the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Ofcourse, the commands you use may be called something otherthan show w and show c; they could even be mouse-clicks ormenu items—whatever suits your program.You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer)or your school, if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” forthe program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interestin the program

W.2. GNU FREE DOCUMENTATION LICENSE 491‘Gnomovision’ (which makes passes at compilers)written by James Hacker., 1 April 1989Ty Coon, President of ViceThis General Public License does not permit incorporatingyour program into proprietary programs. If your program is asubroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linkingproprietary applications with the library. If this is what youwant to do, use the GNU Library General Public License insteadof this License.W.2 GNU Free Documentation LicenseKopiert von http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.Version 1.2, November 2002Copyright ©2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USAEveryone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies ofthis license document, but changing it is not allowed.PreambleThe purpose of this license is to make a manual, textbook, orother functional and useful document free in the sense of freedom:to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistributeit, with or without modifying it, either commercially ornoncommercially. Secondarily, this license preserves for the authorand publisher a way to get credit for their work, while notbeing considered responsible for modifications made by others.This license is a kind of copyleft, which means that derivativeworks of the document must themselves be free in the same sense.It complements the GNU General Public License, which is acopyleft license designed for free software.We have designed this license in order to use it for manualsfor free software, because free software needs free documentation:a free program should come with manuals providing the

492 ANHANG W. GNU LIZENZENsame freedoms that the software does. But this license is not limitedto software manuals; it can be used for any textual work,regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printedbook. We recommend this license principally for works whosepurpose is instruction or reference.1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONSThis license applies to any manual or other work, in any medium,that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder sayingit can be distributed under the terms of this license. Sucha notice grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited induration, to use that work under the conditions stated herein.The Document, below, refers to any such manual or work. Anymember of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as you. Youaccept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in away requiring permission under copyright law.A Modified Version of the Document means any work containingthe Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim,or with modifications and/or translated into another language.A Secondary Section is a named appendix or a front-mattersection of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationshipof the publishers or authors of the Document to theDocument’s overall subject (or to related matters) and containsnothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus,if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a SecondarySection may not explain any mathematics.) The relationshipcould be a matter of historical connection with the subject or withrelated matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical orpolitical position regarding them.The Invariant Sections are certain Secondary Sectionswhose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections,in the notice that says that the Document is released underthis license. If a section does not fit the above definition of Secondarythen it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. TheDocument may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Documentdoes not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.The Cover Texts are certain short passages of text that arelisted, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the noticethat says that the Document is released under this license. A

W.2. GNU FREE DOCUMENTATION LICENSE 493Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Textmay be at most 25 words.A Transparent copy of the Document means a machinereadablecopy, represented in a format whose specification isavailable to the general public, that is suitable for revising theDocument straightforwardly with generic text editors or (forimages composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings)some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitablefor input to text formatters or for automatic translation toa variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copymade in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup,or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart or discouragesubsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantialamount of text. A copy that is not Transparent is called Opaque.Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies includeplain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX inputformat, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, andstandard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designedfor human modification. Examples of transparent image formatsinclude PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietaryformats that can be read and edited only by proprietary wordprocessors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processingtools are not generally available, and the machine-generatedHTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors foroutput purposes only.The Title Page means, for a printed book, the title page itself,plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the materialthis license requires to appear in the title page. For worksin formats which do not have any title page as such, TTitle Pagemmeansthe text near the most prominent appearance of thework’s title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.A section Entitled XYZ means a named subunit of the Documentwhose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ inparentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language.(Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentionedbelow, such as Acknowledgements, Dedications, Endorsements,or History.) To Preserve the Title of such a sectionwhen you modify the Document means that it remains a sectionEntitled XYZ according to this definition.

494 ANHANG W. GNU LIZENZENThe Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to thenotice which states that this license applies to the Document.These Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by referencein this license, but only as regards disclaiming warranties:any other implication that these Warranty Disclaimers mayhave is void and has no effect on the meaning of this license.2. VERBATIM COPYINGYou may copy and distribute the Document in any medium,either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this license,the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this licenseapplies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and thatyou add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this license.You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control thereading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute.However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies.If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must alsofollow the conditions in section 3.You may also lend copies, under the same conditions statedabove, and you may publicly display copies.3. COPYING IN QUANTITYIf you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonlyhave printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than100, and the Document’s license notice requires Cover Texts, youmust enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly,all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover,and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must alsoclearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies.The front cover must present the full title with all words of thetitle equally prominent and visible. You may add other materialon the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to thecovers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document andsatisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying inother respects.If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fitlegibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably)on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacentpages.

W.2. GNU FREE DOCUMENTATION LICENSE 495If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Documentnumbering more than 100, you must either include a machinereadableTransparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or statein or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location fromwhich the general network-using public has access to downloadusing public-standard network protocols a complete Transparentcopy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the latteroption, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when youbegin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure thatthis Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the statedlocation until at least one year after the last time you distributean Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) ofthat edition to the public.It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authorsof the Document well before redistributing any large number ofcopies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updatedversion of the Document.4. MODIFICATIONSYou may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Documentunder the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, providedthat you release the Modified Version under precisely this license,with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document,thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Versionto whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must dothese things in the Modified Version:A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinctfrom that of the Document, and from those of previousversions (which should, if there were any, be listed in theHistory section of the Document). You may use the sametitle as a previous version if the original publisher of thatversion gives permission.B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons orentities responsible for authorship of the modifications inthe Modified Version, together with at least five of the principalauthors of the Document (all of its principal authors,if it has fewer than five), unless they release you from thisrequirement.

496 ANHANG W. GNU LIZENZENC. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of theModified Version, as the publisher.D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modificationsadjacent to the other copyright notices.F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a licensenotice giving the public permission to use the Modified Versionunder the terms of this license, in the form shown inthe Addendum below.G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sectionsand required Cover Texts given in the Document’s licensenotice.H. Include an unaltered copy of this license.I. Preserve the section entitled History, Preserve its title, andadd to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors,and publisher of the Modified Version as given onthe Title Page. If there is no section entitled History in theDocument, create one stating the title, year, authors, andpublisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, thenadd an item describing the Modified Version as stated inthe previous sentence.J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Documentfor public access to a Transparent copy of the Document,and likewise the network locations given in the Documentfor previous versions it was based on. These maybe placed in the History section. You may omit a networklocation for a work that was published at least four yearsbefore the Document itself, or if the original publisher ofthe version it refers to gives permission.K. For any section entitled Acknowledgements or Dedications,Preserve the title of the section, and preserve in the sectionall the substance and tone of each of the contributoracknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unalteredin their text and in their titles. Section numbers orthe equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.

W.2. GNU FREE DOCUMENTATION LICENSE 497M. Delete any section entitled Endorsements. Such a sectionmay not be included in the Modified Version.N. Do not retitle any existing section to be entitled Endorsementsor to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections orappendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain nomaterial copied from the Document, you may at your option designatesome or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, addtheir titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version’slicense notice. These titles must be distinct from any othersection titles.You may add a section entitled Endorsements, provided it containsnothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by variousparties – for example, statements of peer review or that thetext has been approved by an organization as the authoritativedefinition of a standard.You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-CoverText, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, tothe end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Onlyone passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text maybe added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity.If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover,previously added by you or by arrangement made by the sameentity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; butyou may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previouspublisher that added the old one.The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by thislicense give permission to use their names for publicity for or toassert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.5. COMBINING DOCUMENTSYou may combine the Document with other documents releasedunder this license, under the terms defined in section 4 abovefor modified versions, provided that you include in the combinationall of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents,unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combinedwork in its license notice, and that you preserve all theirWarranty Disclaimers.

498 ANHANG W. GNU LIZENZENThe combined work need only contain one copy of this license,and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced witha single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with thesame name but different contents, make the title of each suchsection unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the nameof the original author or publisher of that section if known, orelse a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the sectiontitles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of thecombined work.In the combination, you must combine any sections entitledHistory in the various original documents, forming one sectionentitled History; likewise combine any sections entitled Acknowledgements,and any sections entitled Dedications. You must deleteall sections entitled Endorsements.6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTSYou may make a collection consisting of the Document andother documents released under this license, and replace the individualcopies of this license in the various documents with asingle copy that is included in the collection, provided that youfollow the rules of this license for verbatim copying of each of thedocuments in all other respects.You may extract a single document from such a collection, anddistribute it individually under this license, provided you inserta copy of this license into the extracted document, and follow thislicense in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of thatdocument.7. AGGREGATION WITHINDEPENDENT WORKSA compilation of the Document or its derivatives with otherseparate and independent documents or works, in or on a volumeof a storage or distribution medium, is called an aggregate if thecopyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit thelegal rights of the compilation’s users beyond what the individualworks permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate,this license does not apply to the other works in the aggregatewhich are not themselves derivative works of the Document.

W.2. GNU FREE DOCUMENTATION LICENSE 499If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to thesecopies of the Document, then if the Document is less than onehalf of the entire aggregate, the Document’s Cover Texts may beplaced on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate,or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is inelectronic form. Otherwise they must appear on printed coversthat bracket the whole aggregate.8. TRANSLATIONTranslation is considered a kind of modification, so you maydistribute translations of the Document under the terms of section4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requiresspecial permission from their copyright holders, but you may includetranslations of some or all Invariant Sections in additionto the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may includea translation of this license, and all the license notices inthe Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that youalso include the original English version of this license and theoriginal versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of adisagreement between the translation and the original versionof this license or a notice or disclaimer, the original version willprevail.If a section in the Document is entitled Acknowledgements,Dedications, or History, the requirement (section 4) to Preserveits title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual title.9. TERMINATIONYou may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Documentexcept as expressly provided for under this license. Anyother attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Documentis void, and will automatically terminate your rights underthis license. However, parties who have received copies, or rights,from you under this license will not have their licenses terminatedso long as such parties remain in full compliance.10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THISLICENSE

500 ANHANG W. GNU LIZENZENThe Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versionsof the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time.Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version,but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. Seehttp://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.Each version of the license is given a distinguishing versionnumber. If the Document specifies that a particular numberedversion of this license or any later version applies to it, you havethe option of following the terms and conditions either of thatspecified version or of any later version that has been published(not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Documentdoes not specify a version number of this license, you maychoose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the FreeSoftware Foundation.ADDENDUM: How to use this licensefor your documentsTo use this license in a document you have written, include acopy of the license in the Document and put the following copyrightand license notices just after the title page:Copyright ©YEAR YOUR NAME. Permission is grantedto copy, distribute and/or modify this documentunder the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,Version 1.2 or any later version published bythe Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections,no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.A copy of the license is included in the section entitledGNU Free Documentation License.If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, replace the with...Texts. line with this:with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TIT-LES, with the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and withthe Back-Cover Texts being LIST.

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XZeittafelDie meisten Errungenschaften entwickelten sich über manchmallange Zeitspannen, so dass vor einige Jahreszahlen um etwazu setzen ist. Auch sind an der Entwicklung oft mehrere Personenin unterschiedlichem Maß beteiligt, was sich in der folgendenÜbersicht nicht immer berücksichtigen lässt.-10E8 Der beliebte Tyrannosaurus hatte zwei Finger an jeder Handund rechnete vermutlich im Dualsystem, wenn überhaupt.-2000 Die Babylonier verwenden für besondere Aufgaben eingemischtes Stellenwertsystem zur Basis 60.Griechen und Perser arbeiten mit Rechenbrettern.-400 In China werden Zählstäbchen zum Rechnen verwendet.20 In der Bergpredigt wird das Binärsystem erwähnt (Matth. 5, 37).Die Römer schieben Rechensteinchen (calculi) auf dem Abakus herum600 Die Inder entwickeln das heute übliche reine Stellenwertsystem,die Null ist jedoch älter. Etwa gleichzeitig entwickeln die Mayasin Mittelamerika ein Stellenwertsystem zur Basis 20.1200 LEONARDO VON PISA, genannt FIBONACCI, setzt sich für dieEinführung des indisch-arabischen Zahlensystems im Abendland ein1550 Die europäischen Rechenmeister verwenden sowohl die römischeals auch die indisch-arabische Schreibweise.1617 JOHN NAPIER erfindet die Rechenknochen (Napier’s Bones).1623 Erste mechanische Rechenmaschine mit Zehnerübertragungund Multiplikation, von WILHELM SCHICKARD, Tübingen.1642 Rechenmaschine von BLAISE PASCAL, Paris für kaufmännischeRechnungen seines Vaters.1674 GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEIBNIZ baut eine mechanischeRechenmaschine für die vier Grundrechenarten und befasst sichmit der dualen Darstellung von Zahlen. In der Folgezeittechnische Verbesserungen an vielen Stellen in Europa.1714 HENRY MILL erhält ein Patent auf eine Schreibmaschine.1778 Rechenmaschine des schwäbischen Pfarrers PHILIPP MATTHÄUS HAHN1801 JOSEPH MARIE JACQUARD erfindet die Lochkarte aus Holz undsteuert Webstühle damit.1821 CHARLES BABBAGE stellt der Royal Astronomical Society502

503eine programmierbare mechanische Rechenmaschine vor, diejedoch keinen wirtschaftlichen Erfolg hat. Er denkt auch andas Spielen von Schach oder Tic-tac-toe auf Maschinen.1840 SAMUEL FINLEY BREEZE MORSE entwickelt einen aus zweiZeichen plus Pausen bestehenden Telegrafencode, der dieBuchstaben entsprechend ihrer Häufigkeit codiert.1847 GEORGE BOOLE entwickelt die symbolische Logik.1852 ADA LOVELACE stirbt, eine frühe Informatikerin1861 JOHANN PHILIPP REIS erfindet das Telephon.1873 ELIPHALET REMINGTON and Sons, NY, stellen außer Gewehrenund Nähmaschinen auch Schreibmaschinen her. 1886 trennen sivom Schreibmaschinenbereich, der später den Namen Remingtound noch später den Namen Sperry Rand trägt.1876 ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL erhält ein Patent auf sein Telefon.1877 Gründung der Bell Telephone Company, heute AT&T.1890 HERMAN HOLLERITH erfindet die Lochkartenmaschine undsetzt sie bei einer Volkszählung in den USA ein. Das ist derAnfang von IBM.1894 OTTO LUEGERs Lexikon der gesamten Technik führtunter dem Stichwort Elektrizität als Halbleiter Äther,Alkohol, Holz und Papier auf.1895 Erste Übertragungen mittels Radio (ALEXANDER POPOW,GUGLIELMO MARCONI).1896 Gründung der Tabulating Machine Company, der späteren IBM.1898 VALDEMAR POULSEN erfindet die magnetische Aufzeichnungvon Tönen (Telegraphon).1900 01. Januar 1900 00:00:00 GMT Nullpunkt der gegenwärtigenNTP-Ära (eine NTP-Ära umfasst 136 Jahre).1910 Gründung der Deutschen Hollerith Maschinen GmbH, Berlin,der Vorläuferin der IBM Deutschland.1918 Das Enigma-Verschlüsselungsverfahren entwickelt.1924 Aus der Tabulating Machine Company von HERMAN HOLLERITH,später in Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company umbenannwird die International Business Machines (IBM).1930 EDWIN LINK baut – anstatt Pianos und Orgeln wie sein Vater –einen mechanischen Flugsimulator für Übungs- und Vergnügunund erhält ein Patent darauf. Der Link-Trainer erlangt Verbreit1932 Die Firma AEG baut das erste Tonbandgerät mit dem NamenMagnetophon. Die Bänder dazu liefert die BASF.1936 Erste Direktübertragung im deutschen Fernsehen anlässlich der

504 ANHANG X. ZEITTAFELOlympischen Spiele in Berlin.1937 ALAN TURING veröffentlicht sein Computermodell.1938 KONRAD ZUSE stellt den programmgesteuerten Rechner Z 1 fertig.Ein späterer Nachbau schafft 1 Rechenoperation pro Sekunde.Elektronische binäre Addiermaschine von JOHN VINCENT ATANASOund CLIFFORD BERRY, Iowa State University, zur Lösung linearerGleichungssysteme.1939 KONRAD ZUSE stellt die Z 2 fertig.Gründung der Firma Hewlett-Packard, Palo Alto, Kaliforniendurch WILLIAM HEWLETT und DAVID PACKARD. Ihr erstesProdukt ist ein Oszillator für Tonfrequenzen (Messtechnik).1941 KONRAD ZUSE stellt die Z 3 fertig.1942 Die Purdue University beginnt mit der Halbleiterforschung unduntersucht Germaniumkristalle.1943 Der Computer Colossus, Bletchley Park/Buckinghamshire UK,entschlüsselt deutsche Militärnachrichten (Enigma).IBM-Chef THOMAS WATSON schätzt den weltweiten Bedarf anComputern auf 5 (fünf) Stück.1944 Die Zuse Z 4 wird fertig (2200 Relais, mechanischer Speicher).Sie arbeitet von 1950 bis 1960 in der Schweiz.An der Harvard University bauen HOWARD AIKEN und GRACE HOPdie Mark I in Relaistechnik. Die Maschine läuft bis 1959.1945 KONRAD ZUSE entwickelt den Plankalkül, die erste höhereProgrammiersprache.WILLIAM BRADFORD SHOCKLEY startet ein Forschungsprojekt zurHalbleiterphysik in den Bell-Labs.VANNEVAR BUSH entwickelt ein System zur Informationsspeicherunund -suche, das auf Mikrofilmen beruht.1946 JOHN VON NEUMANN veröffentlicht sein Computerkonzept.JOHN PRESPER ECKERT und JOHN WILLIAM MAUCHLY bauen inden USA die ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator andComputer). Die ENIAC rechnet dezimal, enthält 18000 Vakuumröhrwiegt 30 t, ist 5,5 m hoch und 24 m lang, braucht für eine Addition0,2 ms, ist an der Entwicklung der Wasserstoffbombe beteiligt undarbeitet bis 1955. Sie ist der Urahne der UNIVAC.1948 CLAUDE ELWOOD SHANNON begründet die Informationstheorie.JOHN BARDEEN, WALTER HOUSER BRATTAIN undWILLIAM BRADFORD SHOCKLEY entwickeln in den Bell-Labsden Transistor, der 10 Jahre später die Vakuumröhre ablöst.1949 Erster Schachcomputer: Manchester MADM. Das Wort Bit kreiert.

5051950 An der ETH Zürich geht die Zuse Z 4 in Betrieb.1952 IBM bringt ihre erste elektronische Datenverarbeitungsanlage,die IBM 701, heraus.1953 IBM baut die erste Magnetbandmaschine zur Datenspeicherung (721954 Remington-Rand bringt die erste UNIVAC heraus, IBM die 650.Silizium beginnt Germanium zu verdrängen.1955 IBM entwickelt die erste höhere Programmiersprache, dieVerbreitung erlangt: FORTRAN (Formula Translator) und verweTransistoren in ihren Computern.1956 KONRAD ZUSE baut die Z 22, die mit Röhren arbeitet.Sie kommt 1958 auf den Markt. Bis 1961 werden 50 Stück verkaBARDEEN, BRATTAIN und SHOCKLEY erhalten den Nobelpreisfür Physik.IBM stellt die erste Festplatte vor (IBM 350 Disk File für denComputer RAMAC 305), Kapazität 5 MByte, groß wie ein SchranGewicht 1 to, bestehend aus 50 Scheiben zu 24 Zoll, 50.000 US-$1957 Die IBM 709 braucht für eine Multiplikation 0,12 ms.Weltweit arbeiten rund 1300 Computer.Seminar von Prof. JOHANNES WEISSINGER über ProgrammgesteuerteRechenmaschinen im SS 1957 der TH Karlsruhe.KARL STEINBUCH (Firma SEL, später TH Karlsruhe) prägt denBegriff Informatik.Erster Satellit (Sputnik, Sowjetunion) kreist um die Erde.1958 Als eine Reaktion auf den Sputnik gründet das us-amerikanischeVerteidigungsministerium (DoD) die Denkfabrik Advanced ReseProjects Agency (ARPA), die später das ARPANET aufbaut.MARVIN LEE MINSKY prägt den Begriff Artificial Intelligence.Die TH Karlsruhe erhält ihren ersten Computer, eine ZUSE Z 22finanziert vom Land Baden-Württemberg.Die Maschine verwendet 400 Vakuumröhren und wiegt 1 t. DerArbeitsspeicher fasst 16 Wörter zu 38 Bits, d. h. 76 Byte. DerMassenspeicher, eine Magnettrommel, fasst rund 40 KByte. EinGleitkommaoperation dauert 70 ms. Das System versteht nurMaschinensprache (Freiburger Code) und läuft bis 1972.Im SS 1958 hält Priv.-Doz. KARL NICKEL (Institut für Angew.Mathematik) eine Vorlesung Programmieren mathematischer untechnischer Probleme für die elektronische Rechenmaschine Z 22.Die Programmiersprache ALGOL 58 kommt heraus.Bei Texas Instruments baut JACK ST. CLAIR KILBY den ersten Iim Jahr 2000 erhält er dafür den Nobelpreis für Physik.

506 ANHANG X. ZEITTAFEL1959 Im SS 1959 hält Priv.-Doz. KARL NICKEL erstmals dieVorlesung Programmieren I, im WS 1959/60 die VorlesungProgrammieren II. Erstes Werk von Hewlett-Packard inDeutschland. Siemens baut die Siemens 2002.1960 Programmieren steht noch in keinem Studienplan, sondernist freiwillig. Die Karlsruher Z 22 arbeitet Tag und Nacht.Die Programmiersprache COBOL wird veröffentlicht.Ein Computerspiel namens Spacewar läuft auf einerDigital Equipment Corporation (DEC) PDP-1 im MIT eingsetzt.ALAN SHUGART entwickelt ein Verfahren zur Aufzeichnung vonDaten auf einer magnetisch beschichteten Scheibe.1961 Die TH Karlsruhe erhält im Zuge der Berufungsverhandlungen vonProf. Nickel eine Zuse Z 23, die mit 2400 Transistoren arbeitet.Ihr Hauptspeicher fasst 240 Wörter zu 40 Bits.Eine Gleitkommaoperation dauert 15 ms. Außer Maschinenspracheversteht sie ALGOL.Weltweit arbeiten etwa 7300 Computer.1962 Die TH Karlsruhe erhält einen SEL ER 56, der bis 1968 läuft.An der Purdue University wird die erste Fakultät für Informatik(Department of Computer Science) gegründet.Texas Instruments und Fairchild nehmen die Serienproduktion von I(Chips) auf.JOSEPH CARL ROBNETT LICKLIDER (1912–1990) hat zwei Visionen:Computer und das galaktische Netz (wenn schon, denn schon). Er wiDirektor in der ARPA und geht an die Verwirklichung seiner VisioneIVAN SUTHERLAND entwickelt ein Grafiksystem namens Sketchball.MORTON HEILIG meldet sein Sensorama zum Patent an, einenmultimedialen Simulator mit Bild, Ton und Geruch.1963 Weltweit arbeiten etwa 16.500 Computer.Erster geostationärer Satellit (Syncom).IVAN E. SUTHERLAND entwickelt in seiner Doktorarbeit am MITdas Sketchpad, einen grafischen Bildschirm mit Lichtgriffel, undwird damit zum Vater der Computergrafik.Der ASCII-Standard wird verabschiedet.1964 JOHN KEMENY und THOMAS KURTZ veröffentlichen die ProgrammierspPAUL BARAN entwickelt bei der RAND Corporation die Idee paketveDOUGLAS CARL ENGELBART erfindet am Stanford Research Institutdie Maus und die Fenstertechnik und hat zukunbftsweisende VisioneIBM legt das Byte zu 8 Bits fest (IBM 360).Ein Chip enthält auf 0,5 cm 2 10 Transistoren.

5071965 Beginn des Betriebssystems MULTICS bei MIT, Bell undGeneral Electric. Aus dessen Misserfolg erwächst später UNIX.GORDON EARLE MOORE veröffentlicht das nach ihm benannte GTHEODOR HOLM (TED) NELSON prägt den Begriff Hypertext.1966 Die TH Karlsruhe erhält eine Electrologica X 8, die bis1973 betrieben wird. Gründung des Karlsruher RechenzentrumsDigital Equipment Corporation (DEC) PDP-9 auf dem Markt.Hewlett-Packard steigt in die Computerei ein (HP 2116 A).1967 Erster elektronischer Taschenrechner (Texas Instruments) entwickeBeim Bundesministerium für wissenschaftliche Forschung wirdein Fachbeirat für Datenverarbeitung gebildet.Die Sekunde wird von ihrer astronomischen Definition auf eineatomphysikalische umgestellt.IVAN E. SUTHERLAND entwickelt an der Harvard University einHelm mit binokularem Display und bringt damit die Virtual Reaein gutes Stück voran.NIKLAUS WIRTH beginnt an der ETH Zürich mit der Arbeit an PIBM stellt die ersten Disketten her, Durchmesser 8 Zoll, Kapazit1968 Am 26. Februar entscheiden sich maßgebende Vertreter derComputerwissenschaft im deutschsprachigen Raum im Anschlusein internationales Kolloquium in Dresden für die BezeichnungInformatik nach französischem Beispiel.Die Programmiersprache PASCAL kommt heraus. GORDON EARROBERT NORTON NOYCE gründen die Firma Integrated Electrogegründet. Hewlett-Packard baut den ersten wissenschaftlichenprogrammierbaren Tischrechner (HP 9100 A).1969 In Karlsruhe wird am 1. Januar das Institut für Informatikgegründet, Direktor KARL NICKEL. Im WS 1969/70 beginnt inKarlsruhe die Informatik als Vollstudium mit 91 Erstsemestern.Gründung der Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI) in Bonn.In den Bell Labs UNIX in Assembler auf einer DEC PDP 7(K. L. THOMPSON).Beginn des ARPANET-Projektes, erste Teilnehmer U. of CalifornLos Angeles, Stanford Research Institute, U. of California atSanta Barbara und U. of Utah. Maßgeblich beteiligt sind STEVEDAVID H. CROCKER, JON POSTEL, VINTON CERF, ROBERT KAHRFC 0001: Host Software, von STEVE CROCKER, Mitarbeiter der1970 Die Universität Karlsruhe erhält eine UNIVAC 1108,die bis 1987 läuft und damit den hiesigen Rekord an Betriebsjahhält. Preis 23 MDM, 3 Zentraleinheiten, 256 Kilo-Wörter zu

508 ANHANG X. ZEITTAFELje 36 Bits Arbeitsspeicher, 20 Bildschirme.Die Karlsruher Fakultät für Informatik wird gegründet.Am 01. Januar 1970 00:00:00 GMT beginnt die UNIX-Uhr zu laufen.1971 UNIX auf C umgeschrieben, erster Mikroprozessor (Intel 4004).ALAN SHUGART entwickelt bei IBM die Floppy Disk.Die Internet-Protokolle FTP (RFC 114) und Telnet (RFC 137) werdenvorgeschlagen und diskutiert.Project Gutenberg von MICHAEL STERN HART an der U. of Illinois g1972 IBM entwickelt das Konzept des virtuellen Speichers undstellt die 8-Zoll-Floppy-Disk vor. Xerox (ROBERT METCALFE),DEC und Intel entwickeln den Ethernet-Standard.Das ARPANET wird der Öffentlichkeit vorgestellt.Ein Student namens STEPHAN G. WOZNIAK lötet sich einenComputer zusammen, der den Smoke-Test nicht übersteht.In der Bundesrepublik arbeiten rund 8.200 Computer.Erster wissenschaftlicher Taschenrechner (Hewlett-Packard 35).1973 Erste internationale Teilnehmer am ARPANET: NORSAR(Norwegian Seismic Array), Norwegen und U. College of London.ROBERT MELANCTON METCALFE veröffentlicht Gedanken, die1975 beim Xerox PARC zur Entwicklung von Ethernet führen.1974 Der erste programmierbare Taschenrechner kommt auf denMarkt (Hewlett-Packard 65), Preis 2500 DM.1975 UNIX wird veröffentlicht (Version 6), Beginn der BSD-Entwicklung.Die Zeitschrift Byte wird gegründet.Erste, mäßig erfolgreiche Personal Computer (Xerox, Altair).Die Firma Microsoft Corporation von WILLIAM HENRY GATES III.und PAUL ALLEN gegründet.Das Xerox PARC meldet Ethernet zum Patent an.Die Computer-Tomografie dringt in die Medizin und andere Gebiete1976 STEVEN P. JOBS und STEPHAN G. WOZNIAK gründendie Firma Apple und bauen den Apple I. Er kostet 666,66 Dollar.ALAN SHUGART stellt die 5,25-Zoll-Diskette vor.Die nichtprozedurale Datenbanksprache SQL – entwickelt vonEDGAR F. CODD bei IBM – wird veröffentlicht.WHITFIELD DIFFIE und MARTIN E. HELLMANN veröffentlichendie erste Arbeit über unsymmetrische Verschlüsselung.1977 ROBERT E. KAHN und VINTON GRAY CERF veröffentlichendas Konzept von TCP/IP, anfangs Kahn-Cerf-Protokolle (1974) genan1978 In der Bundesrepublik arbeiten rund 170.000 Computer.Der Commodore PET 2001 – ein Vorläufer des C64 – kommt heraus,

5094 bis 32 kbyte Arbeitsspeicher, Bildschirm 25 Zeilen zu 40 ZeicheErste Tabellenkalkulation Visicalc, für den Apple II,von DAN BRICKLIN und BOB FRANKSTON, Harvard University.Erste Fassung von TEX (DONALD ERVIN KNUTH) veröffentlicht.Das Network Time Protocol (NTP) wird in Gebrauch genommen.1979 Faxdienst in Deutschland eingeführt.Beginn des Usenet in der Duke University und der University ofNorth Carolina auf der Basis von uucp-Verbindungen (STEVE MDie Zusammenarbeit von Apple mit Rank Xerox führt zur AppleLisa, ein Mißerfolg, aber der Wegbereiter für den Macintosh.Plattenherstellerfirma Seagate gegründet.Gründung der Satelliten-Kommunikations-Firma Inmarsat.BJARNE STROUSTRUP beginnt mit der Entwicklung von C++.Programmiersprache Ada veröffentlicht.Betriebssystem DOS für Intel 8086/8088 von Fa. Seattle ComputProducts entwickelt, später von Microsoft erworben.1980 Erster Jugendprogrammier-Wettbewerb der GI.Erster Home-Computer: Sinclair ZX-80, für rund 500 DM.Sony führt die 3,5-Zoll-Diskette ein. In den Folgejahren entwickeandere Firmen auch Disketten mit Durchmessern von 3 bis 4 ZoMicrosoft bringt Xenix, ein UNIX für PCs, heraus.1981 Die Universität Karlsruhe erhält eine Siemens 7881 alszentralen Rechner.IBM bringt in den USA den IBM-PC heraus mit PC-DOS 1.0(MS DOS) als wichtigstem Betriebssystem.In Berlin wird der Chaos Computer Club gegründet.Xanadu-Projekt von TED NELSON, ein Vorläufer des Web.1982 Die Firma Sun Microsystems wird gegründet, entscheidet sich fürUNIX und baut die ersten Workstations.JIM CLARK gründet Silicon Graphics, Inc. (SGI)SCOTT E. FAHLMAN, damals Student an der CMU, veröffentlichGrinsling (Smiley, Emoticon) :-).Beginn des EuNETs, einer der ersten deutschen Internet-Providan der Universität Dortmund.WILLIAM GIBSON prägt das Wort Cyberspace.MORTON HEILIG präsentiert einen Spielautomaten für Motorraund Auto-Simulationen mit Stereotonfilm, Gebläse, Gerüchen unvibrierenden Sitzen, echt multimedial, aber erfolglos, da zu teue1983 Die Universität Karlsruhe erhält einen Vektorrechner Cyber 205und eine Siemens 7865. Die Cyber leistet 400 Mio. Flops.

510 ANHANG X. ZEITTAFELBeginn des Lokalen Informatiknetzes Karlsruhe (LINK), ab 1984Xlink, in der Fakultät für Informatik der Universität Karlsruhe.IBM bringt den PC auf den deutschen Markt.UNIX kommt als System V von AT&T in den Handel,die erste Ausgabe der Zeitschrift Computertechnik (c’t) erscheint(Nr. 12/83 vom Oktober 1983).Gründung der X/Open-Gruppe.MS-DOS 2.0 (PC-DOS 2.0) und Novell Netware kommen heraus.Microsoft Windows wird angekündigt.Das ARPAnet wechselt von NCP auf TCP/IP.PAUL V. MOCKAPETRIS veröffentlicht in RFC 882 und 883 das Konz1984 Der erste Apple Macintosh (128K) und der Hewlett-Packard Thinkjet,der erste Tintenstrahldrucker, kommen auf den Markt.GNU-Projekt von RICHARD MATTHEW STALLMAN gegründet.Der IBM PC/AT mit Prozessor Intel 80 286 und MS-DOS 3.0kommen heraus.Siemens steigt in UNIX (Sinix) ein.Die Universität Karlsruhe wird Email-Relay für Deutschlandzum Computer Science Net (CSNet) in den USA. Als erste Mailerhält Prof. ZORN, U. Karlsruhe, einen Gruß vom CSNet.Entwicklung des X Window Systems am MIT.1985 MS-Windows 1.0, IBM 3090 und IBM Token Ring Netz.XLink an der Universität Karlsruhe stellt als erstes deutschesNetz eine Verbindung zum nordamerikanischen ARPANET her.Hewlett-Packard bringt den ersten Laserjet-Drucker heraus.1986 Weltweit etwa eine halbe Million UNIX-Systeme und3000 öffentliche Datenbanken.In den USA nimmt das zivile NFSNET die Arbeit auf.Mit dem Computer-Investitionsprogramm des Bundes und derLänder (CIP) kommen mehrere HP 9000/550 unter UNIX andie Universität Karlsruhe.1987 Microsoft XENIX (ein UNIX) für den IBM PC/ATIBM bringt die PS/2-Reihe unter MS-OS/2 heraus.Weltweit mehr als 5 Millionen Apple Computer und etwa100 Millionen PCs nach Vorbild von IBM.Das MIT veröffentlicht das X Window System Version 11 (X11).In Berkeley wird die RAID-Technologie entwickelt.Beginn des baden-württembergischen Landeshochschulnetzes BelWu1988 JARKKO OIKARINEN, Finnland, entwickelt den IRC.Das Karlsruher Campusnetz KARLA wird durch das Glasfasernetz

511KLICK ersetzt. VBN-Strecke Karlsruhe - Stuttgart im BelWue-NFrankreich geht ans Internet (INRIA, Rocquencourt bei Paris).Gründung der Open Software Foundation (OSF) und der UNIXInternational Inc. MS-DOS 4.0 für PCs.Ein Internet-Wurm namens Morris geht auf die Reise, daraufhin Gründung des Computer Emergency Response Teams (CERTErster Hoax (2400-baud-Modem-Hoax) im Internet, siehe CIAC.Erstes landmobiles Satellitensystem für Datenfunk (Inmarsat-C1989 Das NFSNET löst das ARPANET als Backbone des Internet ab.UNIX System V Release 4 vereinheitlicht System V, BSD und XeIm Rechenzentrum Karlsruhe löst die IBM 3090 dieSiemens 7881 ab. ISDN in Deutschland eingeführt.Erster deutscher Internet-Direktanschluss via Xlink, Karlsruhe.1990 Zunehmende Vernetzung, Anschluss an weltweite Netze.Die Internet Society (ISOC) schätzt das Internet auf 500.000 KnDas ARPAnet stellt seinen Betrieb ein.Computer-Kommunikation mittels E-Mail, Btx und Fax vomArbeitsplatz aus. Optische Speichermedien (CD-ROM, WORM).Das Web (URL, HTTP, HTML) von TIMOTHY BERNERS-LEE undROBERT CAILLIAU am CERN in Genf entwickelt.UNIX System V Version 4.Die Hardware eines selbstmontierten PCs mit 386/20 kostet 10.0Die mittlere Computerdichte in technisch orientierten InstitutenFamilien erreicht 1 pro Mitglied.1991 Das UNIX-System OSF/1 mit dem Mach-Kernel der Carnegie-Mellon-Universität kommt heraus.17. Sep.: Anfang von LINUX (LINUS BENEDICT TORVALDS).Erster Web-Server in den USA: Stanford Linear Accelerator CenMS-DOS 5.0 für PCs. Anfänge von Microsoft Windows NT.Das DE-NIC an der Universität Dortmund gegründet.IBM, Apple und Motorola kooperieren mit dem Ziel, einenPower PC zu entwickeln.1992 Am Neujahrstag stirbt GRACE MURRAY HOPPER, Konteradmiral deUS Navy, wesentlich an der Entwicklung von COBOL beteiligt uEntdeckerin des ersten Bugs, einer Motte im Mark II der HarvaDie Universität Karlsruhe nimmt den massiv parallelenComputer MasPar 1216A mit 16000 Prozessoren in Betrieb.Novell übernimmt von AT&T die UNIX-Aktivitäten (USL).FORTRAN 90 verabschiedet.Eine Million Knoten im Internet. Weltweit etwa 50 Web-Server.

512 ANHANG X. ZEITTAFELErster deutscher Web-Server, am DESY in Hamburg.1993 MS-DOS Version 6.0. Microsoft kündigt Windows-NT an.DEC stellt PC mit Alpha-Prozessor vor, 150 MHz, 14.000 DM.Novell tritt das Warenzeichen UNIX an die X/Open-Gruppe ab.MARC ANDREESSEN, NCSA, schreibt einen Web-Browser für dasX Window System mit der Möglichkeit, farbige Grafiken darzustellenPATRICK VOLKERDING stellt die Linux-Distribution Slackwarezusammen, die erste Distribution von einiger Verbreitung.IAN MURDOCK, Student an der Purdue University, stellt am 16. Augdas Debian-Projekt vor. Gegen Jahresende Debian GNU/Linux VersiDas Xlink-Projekt wird aus der Universität Karlsruhe ausgegliedertDas CERN gibt die WWW-Technologie allgemein frei.Weltweit etwa 250 Web-Server.Das DE-NIC zieht ans Rechenzentrum der Universität Karlsruhe.1994 Linux 1.0 veröffentlicht.MATTHIAS ETTRICH startet das KDE-Projekt.Das Internet umfasst etwa 4 Mio. Knoten und 20 Mio. Benutzer.Erste Spam-Mail (Canter + Siegel). Erste Banner-Werbung (Wired).MARC ANDREESSEN und JIM CLARK gründen die Firma Netscape.1995 Kommerzielle Netze lösen in den USA das NFSNET als Backbone ab.Die X/Open-Gruppe führt die Bezeichnung UNIX 95 für Systemeein, die der Single UNIX Specification genügen.Die Universität Karlsruhe ermöglicht in Zusammenarbeitmit dem Oberschulamt nordbadischen Schulen den Zugang zumInternet. Ähnliche Projekte werden auch an einigen anderenHoch- und Fachhochschulen durchgeführt.Die Programmiersprache JAVA wird von Sun veröffentlicht.Online-Auktionshaus Ebay als Sammlerbörse in den USA gegründetDer Webserver Apache Release 1.0 veröffentlicht.Weltweit etwa 50000 Web-Server.1996 Die Massen und Medien entdecken das Internet.Debian GNU/Linux Version 1.1 (buzz) wird veröffentlicht, zumJahresende folgt Version 1.2 (rex).FORTRAN 95, eine revidierte Fassung von FORTRAN 90, fertig.Intel bringt den Universal Serial Bus (USB) auf den Markt.Die Open Software Foundation (OSF) und X/Open schließen sich zurOpen Group zusammen.1997 Fast Ethernet ist erschwinglich geworden, über das Gigabit-Ethernetwird geredet. In Deutschland gibt es rund 20 Mio. PCs und1 Mio. Internetanschlüsse (Quelle: Fachverband Informationstechnik

513Debian GNU/Linux Version 1.3 (bo) freigegeben, rund 1000 PakeSingle UNIX Specification Version 2 im Web veröffentlicht.HTML 4.0 vom W3C freigegeben.Die Xlink Internet Service Gmbh wird eine hundertprozentige Tdes niederländisch-amerikanischen Telekommunikationskonzernder 2002 insolvent und aufgelöst wird.Der Buchversender Amazon meldet ein Patent an dergestalt, damit einem Mausklick im Internet eine Ware bestellt.1998 Compaq übernimmt die Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC).IBM bringt DOS 2000 heraus, Microsoft kündigt Windows 2000Die Suchmaschine Google Inc. gegründet.Debian GNU/Linux Version 2.0 (hamm) freigegeben, 1500 PaketKDE 1.0 veröffentlicht. 9-GB-Festplatten kosten 500 DM.Gigabit-Ethernet-Standard IEEE 802.3z verabschiedet.Gründung der Bluetooth Special Interest Group durch Ericsson,Intel, IBM, Nokia und Toshiba.JONATHAN B. POSTEL, einer der Apostel des Internet und Autorvieler RFCs, gestorben. Siehe RFC 2441: Working with Jon undRFC 2468: I Remember IANA.1999 Das Y2K-Problem – die Jahrtausendwende – beschäftigt die Gemüteweil die Programmierer früherer Jahrzehnte mit den Bits knausDer RFC 2550 löst auch gleich das Y10K-Problem.Debian GNU/Linux Version 2.1 (slink) kommt heraus.Betreiber großer Suchmaschinen schätzen die Anzahl derWeb-Seiten weltweit auf 1 Milliarde.LINUS B. TORVALDS wird Ehrendoktor der Universität Stockho2000 Das Y2K-Problem hat sich praktisch nicht ausgewirkt.Den 29. Februar 2000 haben wir auch gut überstanden, einen Scnach einer Regel, die nur alle 400 Jahre angewendet wird.Debian GNU/Linux Version 2.2 (potato) kommt heraus, 6500 PakMicrosoft Windows 2000 ist erhältlich. Ein Macro-Virus namensLove Letter sorgt für Aufregung – außerhalb der Linux/UNIX-WeDer Intel Pentium kommt bei einer Taktfrequenz von 1,5 GHz anZum Jahresende 2 Mio. Internet-Hosts in Deutschland (Quelle: R2001 CLAUDE ELWOOD SHANNON gestorben, gilt als Erfinder des Bitsund Begründer der Informationstheorie.JIMMY DONAL WALES und LAWRENCE MARK SANGER startenin den USA die Wikipedia, eine internationale Online-Enzyklopäder Grundlage eines Wikis.Die SCO (Santa Cruz Operation) verkauft ihre UNIX-Rechte an

514 ANHANG X. ZEITTAFELdie sich daraufhin The SCO Group nennt und durch einige Prozesse2002 Die Einführung der Euro-Währung führt zu einem neuen Zeichenin internationalen Zeichensätzen.Im Herbst befällt der Wurm Slapper zahlreiche Webserver unter LinDebian GNU/Linux Version 3.0 (woody) wird als stabil freigegeben.Die Distribution umfasst 8700 Pakete.2004 PCs werden zunehmend ohne Floppy-Laufwerk ausgeliefert.Ubuntu Linux, ein Debian-Derivat, erscheint erstmals.Politische Überlegungen, die Patentierung von Software zuzulassen,bedrohen die Open Source Welt.2005 Anfang Juni wird Debian GNU/Linux Version 3.1 (sarge) nach reiflicherÜberlegung als stabil freigegeben und löst 3.0r6 (woody) ab;die Distribution umfasst rund 15.000 Pakete. Woody wird damitzur Old-stable-Version, etch rückt zur Testing-Version auf.In Frankfurt (M) findet die Wikimania 2005 statt, die erste internatiWikimedia-Konferenz.Die deutsche Wikipedia nähert sich der Marke von 300.000 EinträgeInternet-Telefonie (Voice over IP) ist stark im Kommen.Prof. KARL STEINBUCH gestorben.Ende des Jahres kommt X11R7 heraus.Der weltweit leistungsfähigste Rechner – ein IBM Blue Gene – läuftunter einem Linux (Quelle: http://www.top500.org/).2006 Die englische Wikipedia überschreitet die Marke von 1,5 Mio. Einträgendie deutsche 500.000, die französische 400.000, die japanische unddie polnische 300.000, die schwedische, italienische, niederländischeund portugiesische 200.000.Laut http://www.netcraft.com/ sind die am häufigstenbesuchten Websites Google, Yahoo, Microsoft, BBC, CNN, Ebay,Fox News, Amazon und Wikipedia.Das Deutsche Forschungsnetz nimmt das X-Win in Betrieb, eineNetzinfrastruktur mit Anschlüssen bis zu 10 Gigabit/s und43 Kernstandorten.Mitte des Jahres gibt es 10 Mio. Einträge unter der Top Level Domai.de, sie ist damit weltweit nach .com die zweitumfangreichste.2007 Debian stellt den Sicherheitssupport für woody ein underklärt zu Ostern die Version 4.0 (etch) mit Kern 2.6.18als stabil.Apple Inc. erwirbt CUPS von Easy Software Products.Im Sommer überschreitet die deutschsprachige Wikipedia die Marke600.000 Einträgen, der RFC 5001 wird veröffentlicht.

515Die FSF veröffentlicht die Version 3 der GNU GPL und der GNUThe SCO Group (siehe 2001) beantragt Insolvenz nach ChapterNach der Statistik von www.top500.org vom November setzen 42schnellsten Rechner weltweit ein Linux-Betriebssystem ein. BeiHerstellern führt IBM vor Hewlett-Packard und Dell, bei den Lädie USA vor dem UK und Deutschland.2008 Im Januar überschreitet die deutschsprachige Wikipedia die Marke700.000 Einträgen und ist nach der englischen die zweitgrößte.AOL stellt Entwicklung und Vertrieb des Web-Browsers NetscapIm Februar weiht das Forschungszentrum Jülich einen SupercomIBM Blue Gene ein, der der schnellste zivil genutzte Rechner deDie Kiste ist nicht nur schnell, sondern geht auch sparsam mit d

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