The Rainbow Vol. 09 No. 01 - August 1989 - TRS-80 Color ...
The Rainbow Vol. 09 No. 01 - August 1989 - TRS-80 Color ...
The Rainbow Vol. 09 No. 01 - August 1989 - TRS-80 Color ...
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<strong>Color</strong> Computer 3<br />
w/128K Ext. Basic $129*<br />
<strong>Color</strong> Computer Disk Drive<br />
Drive 0 $179* Drive 1 $149 TandyFax $1029<br />
BIG SAVINGS ON A FULL COMPLEMENT OF RADIO SHACK COMPUTER PRODUCTS<br />
COMPUTERS<br />
Tandy 1000 HX 1 Drive 256K<br />
Tandy 1000 TX 1 Drive 640K<br />
Tandy 3000 NL 1 Drive 512K<br />
Tandy 4000 1 Drive 1 Meg.Ram<br />
Tandy 5000 MC 2 Meg. Ram<br />
539.00<br />
799.00*<br />
1279.00<br />
1959.00<br />
3799.00<br />
PRINTERS<br />
Radio Shack DMP-106 <strong>80</strong> CPS 169.00<br />
Radio Shack DMP-132 120 CPS 199.00*<br />
Radio Shack DMP-440 300 CPS 549.00<br />
Radio Shack DWP-230 Daisy Wheel269.oo•<br />
Tandy LP-1000 Laser Printer 1899.00<br />
Star Micronlcs NX-1000 144 CPS 199.00<br />
Star Micronics NX-1000 <strong>Rainbow</strong> 269.00<br />
Panasonic KXP 11<strong>80</strong> 192 CPS 249.00<br />
Panasonic KXP 1191 240 CPS 299.00<br />
Panasonic KXP 1124 192 CPS<br />
Okldata 320 300 CPS<br />
399.00<br />
369.00<br />
Okldata 390 270 CPS 24 Wire Hd 515.00<br />
NEC Pinwriter P-2200 170 CPS 399.00<br />
MODEMS<br />
Radio Shack DCM-6<br />
Radio Shack DCM-7<br />
Practical Peripheral2400 Baud<br />
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52.00<br />
85.00<br />
229.00<br />
149.00<br />
CALL TOLL FREE<br />
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--<br />
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<strong>TRS</strong>-<strong>80</strong> is o registered trademark of Tandy Corp.<br />
COLOR COMPUTER MISC.<br />
Radio Shack Drive Controller 99.00<br />
Extended Basic Rom Kit (28 pin) 14.95<br />
64K Ram Upgrade Kit (2 or 8 chip) 39.00<br />
Radio Shack Deluxe Keyboard Kit 24.95<br />
HI-RES Joystick Interface 8.95<br />
<strong>Color</strong> Computer Deluxe Mouse 44.00<br />
Multi Pak Pal Chip for COCO 3 14.95<br />
PBH Converter with 64K Buffer 119.00<br />
Serial to Parallel Converter 59.95<br />
Radio Shack Deluxe Joystick 26.95<br />
Magnavox 8515 RGB Monitor 299.00<br />
Magnavox Green or Amber Monitor99.00<br />
Radio Shack CM-8 RGB Monitor 249.00<br />
Radio Shack VM-4 Green Monitor 99.00<br />
PBJ OK COCO 3 Upgrade Board 19.95<br />
PBJ 512K COCO 3 Upgrade CALL<br />
Tandy OK COCO 3 Upgrade Board 24.95<br />
Tandy 512K COCO 3 Upgrade 149.00<br />
COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE<br />
<strong>The</strong> Wild West (CoCo3)<br />
Worlds Of Flight<br />
Mustang P-51 Flight Slmul.<br />
Flight16 Flight Simul.<br />
TAPE DISK<br />
25.95<br />
34.9534.95<br />
34.95 34.95<br />
34.9534.95<br />
COCO Uti I II by Mark Data 39.95<br />
COCO Max Ill by <strong>Color</strong>ware 79.95<br />
Max 10 by Coiorware 79.95<br />
Auto Term by PXE Computing 29.95 39.95<br />
TW-<strong>80</strong> by Spectrum (CoCo3) 39.95<br />
TeleWrlter 64 49.95 59.95<br />
TeleWriter 128 79.95<br />
Elite Word <strong>80</strong> 79.95<br />
Elite Calc 3.0 69.95<br />
CoCo 3 512K Super Ram Disk 19.95<br />
Home Publisher by Tandy (CoCo3) 35.95<br />
Sub BoHle Slm. by Epyx (CoCo3) 26.95<br />
<strong>The</strong>xder by Sierra (CoCo3) 22.45<br />
Kings Quest Ill by Sierra (CoCo3) 31 .45<br />
Flight Sim.ll by Sublogic (CoCo3) 31 .45<br />
OS-9 Level II by Tandy 71 .95<br />
OS-9 Development System 89.95<br />
Multi-View by Tandy 44.95<br />
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IN MASSACHUSETTS CALL 1508) 486-3193
A Worthy Trip<br />
Editor:<br />
I've used my <strong>Color</strong> Computer for quite<br />
some years now. It started with my eldest<br />
son on an old gray CoCo with 4K seven<br />
years ago.<br />
I live in Holland, but recently had the<br />
opportunity to visit the United States at<br />
RAINBOWfest, Chicago.<br />
RAINBOWfest started on Friday evening<br />
and before the opening there were<br />
large queues waiting in front of a large hall<br />
of the hotel, which contained some 20<br />
stands, all from firms familiar to readers of<br />
THE RAINBOW.<br />
<strong>The</strong> first thing everyone wanted to visit<br />
was the Tandy booth, to check out any<br />
bargains. <strong>The</strong>re were several to be found as<br />
well as ample supplies of CoCo 3s, monitors,<br />
mouses, modems, Orchestra90, printers,<br />
etc.<br />
It was interesting to come face to face<br />
with people I've done business with. Some<br />
even remembered my name from my order<br />
forms. I also met people who design the<br />
hardware and software, as well as some<br />
contributors to THE RAINBOW.<br />
<strong>The</strong> lectures were very well attended,<br />
and after a while became full of familiar<br />
faces. <strong>The</strong> trip was well worth it.<br />
Exploiting the Power<br />
M. Van Warne/en<br />
Oedelum, Belgium<br />
Editor:<br />
With the CoCo 3, Tandy introduced<br />
Microware's OS-9 Level II and a windowing<br />
environment, Multi-Vue. Last Fall,<br />
Tandy introduced the THOR technology<br />
(Tandy High-density Optical Recorder) as<br />
their gateway to a low-cost optical disk<br />
drive. Microware has recently released Rave,<br />
a graphics application generator for<br />
generating Multi-Vue-like programs that<br />
fully exploit the power of an optical disk.<br />
Put all of these together, add an objective<br />
C compiler, and they become the home<br />
equivalent of Steve Job's NEXT computer<br />
($7000 at last price). If Tandy's smart with<br />
pricing, they could blow it out of the water.<br />
Too bad they can't make it portable- it<br />
would be great for students.<br />
John Tyler<br />
Pittstown, New Jersey<br />
6 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
HINTS AND TIPS<br />
Editor:<br />
In addition to Albert Schriefer's suggestion<br />
on ways to configure a DeskMate-3<br />
disk, ("Letters to THE RAINBOW," May '89,<br />
Page 6), here is another way of making it a<br />
40-track single-sided or double-sided disk.<br />
First format a 40-track disk with your<br />
OS-9 system disk. Load the following<br />
modules in memory: OS9Gen, Copy, Ma kd i r<br />
and Dsave. Replace the OS-9 disk with the<br />
original DeskMate 35-track <strong>No</strong>. 1 disk.<br />
With the 40-track disk in Drive 1 and the<br />
35-track DeskMate disk in Drive 0, enter<br />
the following commands:<br />
OS9Gen / d1<br />
then press ENTER<br />
/d0/os9boot<br />
then press ENTER and CTRL-BREAK<br />
Dsave -s48 / dO / d1 ! shell<br />
With the OS-9 disk back in Drive 1, build<br />
the following patches:<br />
For single-sided 40-track disks:<br />
dO<br />
c 18 23 28<br />
v<br />
for double-sided 40-track disks:<br />
dO<br />
c 18 23 28<br />
c 19 <strong>01</strong> 02<br />
v<br />
Repeat the procedure for d 1.<br />
Build a startup file that includes those<br />
patches for your new 40-track DeskMate<br />
disk. Don't forget to copy the module MOD<br />
PATCH on this new DeskMate's CMOS.<br />
You may as well include in your startup<br />
file a patch to change the disk step rate by<br />
changing byte 14 from Value 00 to 03 ... .<br />
Editor:<br />
Andre Beausejour<br />
Charlesbourg, Quebec<br />
Foiling Around<br />
I read in THE RAINBOW some while ago<br />
about some person asking about a fix to<br />
stop the cursor from flickering when using<br />
the Hi-Res Interface with CoCo Max III.<br />
<strong>The</strong> response said it was interference from<br />
your TV or monitor that caused this interference<br />
and suggested moving your monitor<br />
and interface further apart. This is o.k. if<br />
you are able to do it, but the way my system<br />
is set up, it's physically impossible.<br />
On a whim, just the other day, I decided<br />
to try to stop some of this interference by<br />
wrapping aluminum foil around my interface<br />
and part of the cables on either side<br />
and, to my surprise, it worked! I found that<br />
by wrapping five or six layers off oil around<br />
the interface, you can stop close to 50 or 60<br />
percent of the interference without moving<br />
anything. I also put a couple layers underneath<br />
my monitor for extra shielding. I<br />
hope this helps many fellow RAINBOW<br />
readers with the same problem.<br />
Duane Doucet<br />
Yar. Co., <strong>No</strong>va Scotia<br />
REVIEWING REVIEWS<br />
Editor:<br />
I want to thank Don Dollberg for his<br />
review of Start OS-9: A Hands-On Guide<br />
to OS-9 Levell/ on the <strong>Color</strong> Computer 3.<br />
We at Kenneth-Leigh Enterprises were<br />
overjoyed at his comments.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Appendix on Compact Disc-Interactive<br />
has been included in the latest edition<br />
(it was included only on the disk in the<br />
First Edition). <strong>The</strong> Second Edition contains<br />
a great deal of new material, forms for<br />
joining the OS-9 Users Group, and a free<br />
DELPHI sign-up offer. <strong>The</strong> book is slightly<br />
smaller to fit better next to the computer.<br />
Purchasers of the First Edition can write<br />
or call Kenneth-Leigh Enterprises for information<br />
on the DELPHI sign-up offer<br />
and on our low-cost upgrade policy to the<br />
Second Edition.<br />
Thanks again to Don Dollberg for his<br />
fine review.<br />
PaulK. Ward<br />
Washington, DC<br />
INFO PLEASE<br />
Editor:<br />
What happened to the Pen Pal section of<br />
the magazine? I'm sure I am not the only<br />
one who noticed it's missing.<br />
THE RAINBOW is more than just information.<br />
It is a club letter to all CoCo users.
I Print#-2,<br />
10 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
Eight Years Strong<br />
B<br />
y now, most of you have had a month to pe ru se o ur Eig hth Anni versary Issue last<br />
month and. for long-time reade rs ofT HE RA INBOW, I know some of you wondered<br />
why my column did not mentio n anything about it. W e ll , the truth is that I was<br />
simply confused abo ut the month for whi ch 1 was writing, thinking the column th at ended<br />
up in 1 ul y's issue was for the 1 une issue . Of course, you reall y don ' t need me te lling you<br />
th at the anni versary is upon a ll of us because it says so o n the cover.<br />
As is done every year. the anni versary issue features a surprise. This year it 's a booklet<br />
of O ne-Liners. (Incidenta ll y. if you mi ssed last month's issue , you can still get the bookl et<br />
from us.) I tho ught the booklet was an appropri ate way to celebrate an anni versary (whic h.<br />
except fo r Br te, may make us the longest continuously-published compute r magazine in<br />
the worl d).<br />
I have always been exceptiona ll y partial to One-Liners, pe rh aps, because they hark<br />
back to the earl y days of the <strong>Color</strong> Computer. when the CoCo came w ith an astonishing<br />
4K of mem ory. By the time the system overhead was accounted fo r. the re was abo ut 2K<br />
fo r program writing. I admit th at 2K is quite a bit mo re th an the average O ne-Line r (or<br />
T wo-Line r), but th e bi g deal in those days was fittin g a usable program in to the avail able<br />
me mo ry.<br />
<strong>No</strong>pe. those 2K spreadsheet programs were not as fancy as the program s we have<br />
today, but l think if you asked anyone to wri te a program th at would do something '" major"<br />
I ike spreadsheetin g, word processing, data communications or the li ke, and required it to<br />
fit in 2K. you would be laughed out of the door. But it was do ne .<br />
When T HE RA INBOW first started , one of the most-often asked questions was wheth er<br />
the owne r's CoCo was working ri ght because the screen sho wed abo ut 2K memory<br />
avail able and the "salesman to ld me it was a 4K machine." That questi on, o f course, was<br />
repeated when Tandy came o ut w ith the "amazin g'' 16K upg rade and the memory<br />
avai I able was some 14K.<br />
Indeed , I remem ber the clay whe n m y local salesman call ed me to say the 16K upgrade<br />
was in , if I wanted it. I sped home, got my CoCo, and sped over to Rad io Shack on my<br />
lunch hour to have a "full -bl own"<strong>Color</strong> Computer. <strong>The</strong> two days ittook to have it in sta ll ed<br />
were among the longest of my I ife!<br />
T he interesting thing is th at I never ran out of mem o ry when I had the 4K CoCo, but<br />
I di d when I got the 16K upgrade . I am sure I simply was m ore careful about w hat I was<br />
writing o n the " little machine ," and fi g ured th e sky was the limit w ith the " bi gger" one.<br />
Of course. I knew a I ittle more about programming by the ti me the upgrade was avai I abl e.<br />
Some earlie r iss ues of T HE RA INBOW had a few interesting debates abo ut programming<br />
structures. But one of the most inte resting debates was the one th at went on in my own<br />
office- whether to com press code in li stings or run it so th at it was easie r to read.<br />
We fin a ll y decided we woul d use the easy-to-read fo rmat for o ur BASIC li sti ngs.<br />
although th at meant we had to reject one o r two programs. In orde r to s imply get them to<br />
fit into the CoCo's memory, the authors would pack the li stings, e liminatin g the spaces<br />
between keywords.<br />
We tho ught an importa nt part of o ur job was to teach o ur reade rs a li ttl e something<br />
about how programs worked, and if it was hard (or, sometimes, a lm ost impossibl e) to read<br />
them . it woul d be diffi cult at best to f ig ure o ut the logic of what the w rite r was try ing to<br />
do. W e have kept that gene t·al philosophy up to the present day.<br />
<strong>The</strong> exception to th at rul e. o f course, is o ur One-Liners (and Two-Line rs). But each is<br />
an exercise in programming skill s, and it reall y isn't hard to fo ll ow a sing le line's logic.<br />
A nd, too. they do remind us o f o ur earl y days with CoCo, where every byte was precio us.<br />
- Lonnie Fa lk
18<br />
Listing 1: KEYSB IN<br />
00<strong>09</strong>0TITLE KYAHEAD . ASM<br />
0<strong>01</strong>00 *************************<br />
0<strong>01</strong>10 * KEYA HE AD *<br />
0<strong>01</strong>20 * MAY BE LOA DED TO ANY *<br />
0<strong>01</strong>30 * LOCATION *<br />
0<strong>01</strong>40 * MUST NOT BE INSTALLED *<br />
0<strong>01</strong>50 * BEFORE REPEAT *<br />
0<strong>01</strong>60 * COCO Ill ONLY *<br />
0<strong>01</strong>70 *************************<br />
0<strong>01</strong><strong>80</strong><br />
0<strong>01</strong>90 * FI RST SECTION<br />
00200 *************************<br />
002 10 * START UP ROU TINE *<br />
00220 * INSTALLS KEYA HEAD IN *<br />
00230 * OPERATING SYSTE M *<br />
00240 *************************<br />
00250 START ORCC #$50<br />
DISABLE INTERRUPTS<br />
0026 0LDD $10D<br />
INTERRUPT JUMP ADDR<br />
00270STD SUBONE,PCR<br />
002<strong>80</strong>LEAY SUPER , PCR ADDR OF SUPER<br />
00290STY $10D SUPER IS NEW INTERRUPT<br />
00295<br />
*E NTRY PO I NT<br />
00300LEAX BUFFER , PCR ADDR OF BUFFER<br />
00310STX WRPTR , PCR INITIALIZE WRITE PNTR<br />
00320STX RDPTR . PCR INITIALIZE READ PNTR<br />
00330LEAX BUFFER+SIZE,PCRADDR OF TOP OF BUFFER<br />
00340STX TOP , PCR ADDR OF TOP INTO TOP<br />
00350LEAX READ , PCR ADDR OF READ ROUTINE<br />
00360STX $A0DA JMP FROM INPUT<br />
00370STX $F781 JMP FROM INPUT H RES<br />
003<strong>80</strong>STX $A569 JMP FROM INKEY<br />
00390LDA #$4F CLRA CODE<br />
00400LDY #SADEB JMP FROM BREAK POLL<br />
00410STA . Y+ INSERT CLRA<br />
00420LDD #$1212 2 NOP ' S<br />
00430STD ,Y INSERT NOP ' S<br />
00440LDD $A000 POLCAT VECTOR<br />
00450STD KEYSUB , PCR<br />
00460STX $A000 READ IS NEW POLCAT<br />
00465<br />
*VECTOR<br />
00470ANDCC #SAF<br />
TURN ON INTERRUPTS<br />
004<strong>80</strong>RTS<br />
BACK TO BASIC<br />
00490<br />
00500 * SECOND SECTION<br />
00510 *************************<br />
00520 * SUPERVISOR *<br />
00530 * CONTROLS TIME *<br />
00540 * DISTRIBUT ION *<br />
00550 *************************<br />
00560 SUPER TST TOGGLE . PCR I.JHO ' S TURN IS IT<br />
00570BNE POLL POLL ' S TURN<br />
005<strong>80</strong>INC TOGGLE . PCR NEXT TIME POLL ' S TURN<br />
00590JMP [SUBO NE. PCR] JUMP TO ORIG INTR<br />
00595 *ROUTINE<br />
00600<br />
00610 *************************<br />
00620 * KEYBOARD POLL *<br />
00630 * USES POLCAT , WHICH HAS*<br />
00640 * BEEN LIFTED OUT OF *<br />
00650 * OPERATING SYSTEM *<br />
00660 *************************<br />
00670 POLL CLR TOGGLE . PCR NEXT TIME ORIG INTR<br />
00675 *RO UTINE<br />
006<strong>80</strong>JSR [KEYS UB,PCR] JUMP TO POLCAT<br />
00690BEO POU T2 NO KEY<br />
00700LDX WR PTR , PCR WRITE POINTER<br />
00710STA . X+ STORE NEW CHARACTER<br />
00720CMPX TOP . PC R TOP OF BUFFER<br />
00730B NE POUT NOT TOP OF BUFFER<br />
00 740LEA X BUFFER , PCR RESET WRPTR TO BOTTOM<br />
00750 POUT STX WRPTR , PCR STORE WRPTR<br />
00760 POUT2 LOA $FF02 CLEAR INTERRUPT<br />
00770RTI RETURN FROM INTERRUPT<br />
007<strong>80</strong><br />
00790 * THIR D SEC TION<br />
THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
If you are using EDTASM, Repeat and<br />
Key Ahead can be merged into one program<br />
(this is best from a performance point of<br />
view). First, delete all lines up to and<br />
including Line 90 in both programs. Make<br />
sure the li stings include all comment and<br />
blank lines. <strong>The</strong>n, use the following command<br />
sequence:<br />
LD REPEAT<br />
LOA KEYAHEAD<br />
N100 . 100<br />
M2210,8300 : 12200 , 1<br />
02200<br />
D6400<br />
D7500<br />
D8200<br />
E2225<br />
50<br />
<strong>The</strong>n change the constant in Line 6300 to<br />
#Sl5, and the constant in Line 7400 to #4 .<br />
This command sequence assumes lines 730<br />
and 840 are included in the REPEAT listing.<br />
BASIC Program<br />
If you are not already familiar with any<br />
of these procedures, or do not have any type<br />
of assembler, use the included BASIC program.<br />
<strong>The</strong> BASIC version of Key Ahead can be<br />
used with a minimum of effort. <strong>No</strong>te that<br />
the line numbers are not consecutive multiples<br />
of ten , as is customary. <strong>The</strong> BASIC<br />
versions of Key Ahead and Repeat can be<br />
merged together so that a ll functions can be<br />
performed by one program, without any<br />
modification. <strong>The</strong> only requirement is to<br />
type in the programs exactly as they are<br />
listed. RE M lines and lines not serving any<br />
purpose are there for a reason. Like the<br />
assembly language versions, Repeat and<br />
Key Ahead can be started separately , but<br />
the repeat speeds will be wrong. So it is best<br />
to merge them. <strong>The</strong> repeat speeds are corrected<br />
when the programs are merged.<br />
Unfortunately, automatic merging can<br />
only be clone with a disk system; but it is<br />
possible to merge manually by noting line<br />
number duplications. Remember that lines<br />
from KEY AHEAD take priority over lines from<br />
RE PEAT. To merge the two programs, Key<br />
Ahead must be saved to disk in ASCII<br />
format (i.e., SA VE " KEY AHE AD" . A). First<br />
load REPEAT , then type MERGE " KEY AHEAD ".<br />
Applications and Caveats<br />
When Repeat and Key Ahead are running<br />
together, the repeat speeds no longer<br />
depend on what type of applications program<br />
is running (BASIC or machine language).<br />
Repeat speeds depend on the delay<br />
constants and the interrupt rate only.<br />
When Key Ahead is running with machine<br />
language application programs with<br />
flashing cursors, many times the cursor
Find the hidden balls with a shooting ray of light<br />
he Black Box, a new twist to the<br />
game of Hide and Seek, requires<br />
skill, logic and luck. In this game<br />
the computer is the hider and you are the<br />
seeker. <strong>The</strong> computer has hidden five balls<br />
within the "black box" (an 8-by-8 grid),<br />
and you must find them.<br />
Your only tool in finding these hidden<br />
balls is a ray oflight that you shoot into the<br />
box. <strong>The</strong> ray of light must follow certain<br />
rules as it travels through the box, and the<br />
presence of the balls affects its path. Upon<br />
shooting the ray of light into the box, you<br />
are shown where the ray exited the box, if<br />
it did actually exit the box. From this information<br />
you must deduce the positions of<br />
the balls within the box. When you think<br />
you have correctly located a ball, you may<br />
mark it on the grid. <strong>The</strong> object of the game<br />
is to gain points by locating the five balls in<br />
the fewest possible moves.<br />
<strong>The</strong> rules governing the movement of<br />
the ray of light inside the box are as follows:<br />
• Barring interference, the ray of light<br />
travels in a straight line and the exit point is<br />
exactly opposite the entry point.<br />
• If the ray scores a direct hit on a ball, it<br />
does not exit the box, but the entry point is<br />
Evan Veal is a student at the College ofWilliam&Maryin<br />
Williamsburg, Virginia.He<br />
is majoring in computer science and his<br />
hobbies include programming on the CoCo<br />
and writing science-fiction short stories.<br />
<strong>The</strong><br />
ack Box<br />
By Evan Veal<br />
marked with a hit marker and a beep is<br />
sounded.<br />
• If the ray of light approaches a ball<br />
from the side (i.e., the ball is in Row 8 and<br />
the Light passes down Row 7) it makes a 90degree<br />
turn away from the ball. This is<br />
called a detour. <strong>The</strong> light is guided by these<br />
three rules and all phenomena observed are<br />
properties of those rules.<br />
A reflection occurs when the light exits<br />
at the same place it entered. This suggests<br />
that either the light was detoured in such a<br />
way as to send it back to its entry point, or<br />
that there is a bal1 in the square immediately<br />
adjacent to the square where entry was<br />
attempted. <strong>The</strong> latter is true due to the third<br />
rule. If the ball is directly adjacent, it triggers<br />
the 90-degree detour before the ray has<br />
had a chance to enter the box. Thus, the<br />
only possible direction fortheray of light is<br />
out of the box.<br />
<strong>The</strong> ray of light can be detoured any<br />
number of times before it exits the box or<br />
hits a baLI. One should note that, under<br />
normal circumstances, the ray of light should<br />
always exit the box or register a hit. However,<br />
certain exotic ball combinations can<br />
cause the ray of light to be trapped in an<br />
infinite loop within the box, neither exiting<br />
nor hitting a ball. This causes the game to<br />
seemingly hang-upafteryou fire a ray. This<br />
occurence is very rare, but if it happens,<br />
press BREAK and run it again.<br />
<strong>The</strong> following diagrams illustrate common<br />
light path patterns in <strong>The</strong> Black Box:<br />
• Figure 1 illustrates a simple detour.
U4NR2U4R5BD8BR4,U8R5ND1L5D8R5U3N<br />
L2D3BR4,U4NU4R5U4D8BR4,R4L2U8NL2<br />
R2BD8BR5,NU3R4U8NL2NR2BD8BR4,U8D<br />
4R2NE4F4BR4,NU8R5BR4,U8F4E4D8BR4<br />
.U8F8NU8 BR4,N R5U8R5D8BR4<br />
50 DIM NUM$(40),L$(15,2),CL(0,10<br />
) ,CC(0,10) , CS(0,10) ,CD (0 ,10) ,GR(<br />
9,9) ,ZX(9) . ZY(9) ,BL(5,2) ,8(10, 2)<br />
, MV$(40,2) ,M(20,2) ,AL$( 26)<br />
60 DATA U8R5D4L5D4BR9,U8R8D8NL8N<br />
H2NF2BR4,U8R5D4L5R1F4BR4,R5U4L5U<br />
4R5BD8BR4.BR3U8NL3R3BD8BR3,NU8R5<br />
NU8BR4,BU8D4F4E4U4BD8BR4,BU8D8E4<br />
F4U8BD8BR4,U2E4U2BL4D2F4D2BR4,BR<br />
3U4NE4NH4D4BR8 ,BU8R8G8R8BR4<br />
70 FOR N=0T<strong>09</strong>:READA.B : ZX( N)=A: ZY<br />
(N) =B: NEXT N<br />
<strong>80</strong> FOR N=1T026:READA$:AL$(N)=A$ :<br />
NEXT N<br />
130 NUM$ ( 1 )= " R4L2U8NG2BR7BD8 ": NU<br />
M$(2)="NR6U4R4U4NL5BR7BD8" : NUM$(<br />
3 )=" R5U4N L2U4N L5BR5BD8 ": NUM$ ( 4 )=<br />
"BR4 U6D2NR2 L4U4BR10BD8 ":N UM$(5)=<br />
"R6U5L4U3R5BR5BD8 "<br />
140 NUM$ ( 6 )= " NU8R5U3 L5BR10BD3 " : N<br />
UM$(7)= "U2E6NL7BR5BD8 " :NUM$(8)= "<br />
NR5U4NR5U4R5D8BR5 ": NUM$(9)= "BU5N<br />
R5U3R5D8BR5 ": NUM$(0)= "N R8U8R8NG8<br />
D8BR5 "<br />
150 FOR N=10T040<br />
160 K$=STR$(N):K1=VAL(MID$(K$ , 2,<br />
1)):K2=VAL(RIGHT$(K$,1))<br />
170 NUM$(N)= NUM$(K1) +NUM$(K2)<br />
1<strong>80</strong> K$= '"'<br />
190 NEXT N<br />
210 PCLS :COLOR2,5:LINEC4.3)-(12,<br />
10),PSET,BF:GET(0,0)-(15,15),CC,<br />
G: CO LO R3. 5: LINE ( 2, 2) - (12, 12) , P S E<br />
T.BF :G ET(0,0)-(15 ,1 5),CD,G<br />
220 PCLS : GET(0 ,0)-(15,15) , CD ,G<br />
230 L$(1 , 1)="3,3 ": L$(1,2)="R10D1<br />
0U 5 N Ll0 D 5 Ll0 U 10 " : L$ ( 2. 1 ) =" 1 , 10" :<br />
L$(2 , 2) ="R1 2H6G6 "<br />
240 L$(3 , 1)="7,2":L$ (3,2)="R4D5R<br />
4D2L4D5L4 U5L4U 2R4U5 ":L$ (4,1)="3,<br />
3" :L$(4 , 2) ="R1 0G10R10 H10 "<br />
250 L$(5,1)="3 ,3": L$(5,2)="R10NG<br />
10D10NH10Ll0U10 ": L$ ( 6,1 )= "BM1, 5"<br />
:L $(6 ,2 )= "R14G7H7C1D5C3R14H7G7 "<br />
260 L$(7,1)= "7, 2":L$(7,2)="D6L3F<br />
5E5L3U6L4 ":L$(8 , 1)="3 , 7": L$(8,2)<br />
="R2U2R2U2R4D2R2D2R2D3L2D2L2D2L4<br />
U2L2U2L2U3 "<br />
270 L$(9,1)= "3 ,3": L$(9,2)= "R10D1<br />
0 Ll0U 10 F 10 " : L $ ( 10. 1 ) =" 3, 3" : L$ ( 10<br />
, 2 )= " R10D10Ll0U10 "<br />
2<strong>80</strong> L$(11,1)="6,7":L$(11,2)= "U 6R<br />
406R4D3N L12L 2D4L8U4L2U3R4 ":L$ (12<br />
,1 )= "7,9":L$(1 2. 2)= "S2U10R4D10F8<br />
L20E8S4 "<br />
290 L$(13.1)="2,1 3":L$(13,2)= "U8<br />
NR4U4R4ND4R8D8N L4D4L4N U4L8 ":L $( 1<br />
4,1)="2,1 4" :L$(14,2)="U12R6ND12R<br />
606NL12D6Ll2 "<br />
28 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
300 L$( 15 ,1 )= "7 ,1 0":L$(15,2)=" U5<br />
H2U1R5D1G2D6R4D4L9U4R4"<br />
310 PMODE3,1:PCLS:SCREEN1,1:COLO<br />
R2 , 5<br />
320 MV=0:P=1:BL=1:M=0:C0=0:MA=0:<br />
TD=0 : SC=5<br />
324 .<br />
325 ' DRAW GAME SCREEN<br />
330 FOR Y=24TO 168 STEP 18:LINE(<br />
86,Y) - (230,Y),PSET:NE XTY<br />
340 FOR X=86TO 230 STEP 18 :LI NE(<br />
X,24)-(X, 168),PSET:NEXT X<br />
350 LINE(81,18)-(235,173 ),PSET,B<br />
:LINE(81,18) -(60,0) ,PSET,BF:Ll NE<br />
( 2 3 5 , 17 3) - ( 2 54, 191) , P SET, B F: LINE<br />
( 2 3 5 , 18) - ( 2 54 , 0) . P SET . B F: LI NE ( 81<br />
, 173)-(60 ,1 91),PSET,BF :LINE(60,0<br />
)-(254,191 ), PSET,B<br />
360 FOR Y=24 TO 168 STEP 18:LINE<br />
(60,Y)-(81,Yl,PSET:LINE(235,Y)-(<br />
254,Y) ,PSET:NEXTY:FOR X=86 T0230<br />
STE P 18:LINECX,0)-(X,18),PSET:L<br />
I NE(X, 173)-(X,191),PSET:NEXTX : PA<br />
INT(203,172),2,2<br />
370 DRAW"BM3,30C2;"+AL$(2)+AL$(1<br />
2)+A L$ ( 1)+AL$(3)+AL$(11)<br />
3<strong>80</strong> DRAW"BM13,46C2;"+AL$(2 )+AL$(<br />
15)+AL$(2 4)<br />
390 LI NE(0,18)-(50,54),PSET,B<br />
400 DRAW"BM6, 1<strong>09</strong>C4;"+AL$(19)+AL$<br />
(15)+AL$(12)+AL$(22)+AL$(5)<br />
405 DRAW"BM8, 132C4;"+AL$(2 )+A L$(<br />
1)+A L$(3)+AL$(11)<br />
410 DRAW"BM10,154C4;"+AL$(1 1)+A L<br />
$(9)+AL$(12)+AL$(12)<br />
414 .<br />
415 ' PLACE BA LL S<br />
420 FOR X=1T 08:FOR Y=1T08 : GR(X,Y<br />
) =0 : N EX TY , X<br />
430 FOR N=1T05<br />
440 X=RND(8) : Y= RND(8)<br />
450 BL(N, 1)=X:B L( N, 2)=Y<br />
460 GR(X,Y)=-1<br />
470 FOR M=1T05<br />
4<strong>80</strong> IF M=N THEN M=5:GOT0500<br />
490 IF (8L(M,1)=8 L(N,1)) AND ( BL<br />
(M,2)=8L(N,2)) THEN GOTO 440<br />
500 NEXT M,N<br />
640 DRAW"BM0,174C2;"+AL$(13)+AL$<br />
(15)+AL$(22)+A L$(5)+AL$(19)+"U2B<br />
U2U2"<br />
644 '<br />
645 ' START POLLING ROUTINE<br />
650 PUT(0,176)-(30,184),CL,PSET<br />
660 DRAW "BM0,18t:2 "+NUM$(MV)<br />
670 X2 =X1:Y2=Yl<br />
6<strong>80</strong> X=JOYSTK (0) : Y=JOYSTK(1)<br />
690 Z=INT(X/7):GOSUB1770:X1=ZX<br />
700 OX=Z<br />
710 Z=INT(Y/7):GOSUB1760:Y1=ZY<br />
720 OY=Z<br />
730 PUTCX2, Y2)-(X2+15, Y2 +15) ,C S,<br />
PSET<br />
740 GET(Xl,Yl)-(X1+15,Yl+15l,CS,
G<br />
750 PUTCX 1, Yl)-(X1+15 , Yl+15),CC ,<br />
PSET<br />
760 A=PEEKC652<strong>80</strong>) : IF A=254 OR A=<br />
126 THEN COLOR1,5 : LIN ECX1,Y1)-(X<br />
1+15,Y1+15) , PSET,BF : CO LOR3,5 : GOT<br />
07<strong>80</strong><br />
770 X2=X1 : Y2=Y1 :GOT06<strong>80</strong><br />
7<strong>80</strong> SOU ND150,2<br />
790 IF OX0 AND OX9 AND OY0<br />
AND OY9 THEN GOT02020<br />
<strong>80</strong>0 IF OX =0 AND OY=0 THEN 2190<br />
810 IF OX=0 AND OY=9 THE N 2190<br />
820 IF OX =9 AND OY=0 THEN 2190<br />
830 IF OX=9 AND OY=9 TH EN 2190<br />
834 '<br />
835 ' SAVE MOVE - CHECK IF REPEA T<br />
840 K$=STR$ (OX)+ " , "+STR$ ( OY)<br />
850 FOR N=0 TO MV<br />
860 IF MV$( N, 1)=K$ THEN 900<br />
870 NEXT N<br />
8<strong>80</strong> MV$CMV,1)=K$<br />
890 GOT<strong>01</strong>000<br />
894 '<br />
895 ' REPEAT MOVE PROCESSING<br />
900 Z=OX : GOSUB1770 : X1=ZX<br />
910 Z=OY : GOS UB1760 : Y1=ZY<br />
920 X$=MV$CN ,0) : GOS UB1940 : X=K1 : Y<br />
=K2<br />
930 L=P<br />
940 P=VAL(M V$(N ,2))<br />
950 IF P=17 THEN P=L : COLOR4,5 : MV<br />
=MV-1 : GOTO 1720<br />
960 IF P=18 THEN P= L: CO LOR3,5 : MV<br />
=MV-1 : GOT<strong>01</strong>530<br />
970 ZP$= "Y"<br />
990 GOTO 1600<br />
994 '<br />
995 ' CONVERT X,Y TO GRAPH I CS LOC<br />
AT IONS<br />
1000 IF X1=62 OR X1=236 THEN GOT<br />
0 1020<br />
1<strong>01</strong>0 IF Y1=1 OR Y1=174 TH EN 1070<br />
1020 IF X1=236 THEN 1050<br />
1030 Y=IN TCY1/18) : X=0<br />
1040 FLG$="X+1 " : GOTO 1120<br />
1050 Y=INTCY1/18) : X=9<br />
1060 FLG$ ="X-1": GOT<strong>01</strong> 120<br />
1070 IF Y1 =174 THEN GOT<strong>01</strong>100<br />
10<strong>80</strong> X=INTCCX1-66) / 18) : Y=0<br />
1<strong>09</strong>0 FLG$= "Y+1 ": GOT0 1120<br />
1100 X=INTCCX1-66)/18) : Y=9<br />
1110 FLG$ ="Y-1 " : GOT<strong>01</strong>120<br />
1114 '<br />
1115 ' PROCESSING OF BEAM PAT H<br />
1120 IF LEFT$(FLG$,1)= "Y" THEN 1<br />
320<br />
1130 IF RIGHT$(FLG$ , 2)= "-1" THEN<br />
GOTO 1230<br />
1140 IF X=9 THEN 15<strong>80</strong><br />
1150 IF GRCX,Y)=-1 THEN 1510<br />
1160 IF Y+1 -1 THEN IF X=0 AND G<br />
30 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
RCX+1,Y-1)=- 1 THEN 15<strong>80</strong><br />
11<strong>80</strong> I F Y- 10 TH EN IF GRCX+1 , Y-<br />
1)=- 1 THEN FL G$="Y+1 " : GO T<strong>01</strong>1 20<br />
1190 IF Y+1 9 THEN IF GR(X+1 , Y+<br />
1)= -1 THEN FLG$= "Y-1": GOT <strong>01</strong> 120<br />
1200 IF GR(X , Y)=- 1 THEN 15 10<br />
12 10 IF X+ 1 10 THE N X=X+1 : GOT <strong>01</strong><br />
120<br />
1220 GOT<strong>01</strong>1 20<br />
1230 IF X=0 TH EN 15<strong>80</strong><br />
1240 IF GR(X,Y)= -1 THEN 1510<br />
1250 IF Y+1< 10 THE N I F X=9 AND G<br />
RCX -1, Y+1)=-1 TH EN 15<strong>80</strong><br />
1260 I F Y-1>- 1 THEN IF X=9 AND G<br />
R(X - 1,Y -1)=-1 THEN 15<strong>80</strong><br />
1270 IF Y-10 THE N IF GR(X -1, Y-<br />
1)=- 1 THEN FL G$= "Y+1": GOT<strong>01</strong> 120<br />
12<strong>80</strong> IF Y+19 THE N IF GRCX -1 , Y+<br />
1)=-1 THEN FLG$= "Y-1 " : GOT<strong>01</strong> 120<br />
1290 I F GR( X, Y)= -1 THEN 1510<br />
1300 IF X- 1-1 TH EN X=X-1 : GOT<strong>01</strong><br />
120<br />
1310 GOT<strong>01</strong>1 20<br />
1320 IF RIGHT $CFLG$ , 2)= "-1 " THEN<br />
GOTO 1420<br />
1330 I F Y=9 THEN 15<strong>80</strong><br />
1340 IF GR(X,Y)= -1 TH EN 1510<br />
1350 IF X+ 1-1 TH EN IF Y=0 AND G<br />
R(X - 1,Y+1)=-1 TH EN 15<strong>80</strong><br />
1370 I F X- 10 THEN IF GRCX-1 , Y+<br />
1)=-1 THEN FLG$= "X+1": GO T<strong>01</strong>120<br />
13<strong>80</strong> IF X+19 THE N I F GRCX+1, Y+<br />
1)= -1 THEN FLG$= "X-1 " : GOT0 1120<br />
1390 IF GR(X ,Y )=-1 TH EN 1510<br />
1400 I F Y+1 10 TH EN Y=Y+1: GOT0 1<br />
120<br />
14 10 GOT<strong>01</strong>1 20<br />
1420 IF Y=0 TH EN 15<strong>80</strong><br />
1430 IF GR(X ,Y )=- 1 TH EN 1510<br />
1440 IF X+1-1 THE N IF Y=9 AND G<br />
R(X- 1,Y-1)=- 1 THEN 15<strong>80</strong><br />
1460 IF X-10 THE N IF GR(X-1,Y <br />
l)=- 1 THEN FL G$= "X+ 1" : GOT0 11 20<br />
1470 IF X+ 19 THEN I F GR(X+ 1,Y -<br />
1)=- 1 THE N FLG$= "X- 1" : GOT0 1120<br />
14<strong>80</strong> IF GR(X , Y)=- 1 THEN 1510<br />
1490 IF Y-1- 1 THEN Y=Y- 1: GOT<strong>01</strong><br />
120<br />
1500 GO T<strong>01</strong>1 20<br />
1504 '<br />
1505 ' *** HIT ***<br />
15 10 COLOR3,5<br />
1520 MV$( MV ,0)=MV$( MV, 1) : MV$(M V,<br />
2)= "18 "<br />
1530 LIN E(X1,Y1)-(X 1+15, Y1+ 15),P<br />
RESE T,B F<br />
1540 LI NEC X1,Yl ) - CX1+ 15, Yl+15), P<br />
SET,B F<br />
1550 GETCX1 , Yl) - (X1+15,Yl+15) , CS<br />
, G
2120 BL=BL+1<br />
2130 GOT06<strong>80</strong><br />
2_40 BL=BL-1<br />
2150 FOR H=N TO 9<br />
2160 B(H , 1l=B(H+1,1) : B(H,2)=B(H+<br />
1, 2)<br />
2170 NEXTH<br />
21<strong>80</strong> GOT06<strong>80</strong><br />
2184 '<br />
2185 ' MENU SELECTION<br />
2190 J1 =JOYSTK(0) :J2=JOYSTK( 1)<br />
2200 IF J242 THEN LINE(0,140)-(<br />
56,159) ,PSET,B<br />
2215 IF (J2>=21) AND (J242 THEN 310<br />
2243 IF (J2>=21) AND (J2- 10 THEN SC=SC -<br />
1<br />
2440 NEXT N<br />
2450 IF SC=0 THEN S0=0:GOT02500<br />
2460 A=SC*100:8=1 -( MV /32) :SO=INT<br />
(A+(B*125))<br />
2494 '<br />
2495 ' DRAW END SCREEN<br />
32 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
2500 LINE(0,95)-(57 ,160 ),PRES ET,<br />
BF<br />
2510 DRAW "BM0,120C2; "+AL$(19)+AL<br />
$(3)+AL$(15)+AL$(18)+AL$(5 )<br />
2520 SO$=STR$(S0)<br />
2530 DRA W"BM3,136C3 "<br />
2540 FOR N=1TOLEN(S0$)<br />
2550 K$=MID$(S0$,N,1l<br />
2560 IF K$= " " THEN 2600<br />
2570 IF K$= "" THE N 2600<br />
25<strong>80</strong> DRAWNUM$(VAL(K$))<br />
2590 K$= ""<br />
2600 KS= "" : NEXT N<br />
2610 LINE(0,15) - (56,55),PRESET , B<br />
F<br />
2620 DRAW "BM6.12C2; "+AL$(16)+AL$<br />
(12)+AL$(1)+A L$(25)<br />
2630 DRAW"BM0,25C2;"+AL$(1 )+AL$(<br />
7)+AL$(1)+A L$(9)+AL$(14)+ "BR4U1B<br />
U2U3R5U4L7D2 "<br />
2640 DRAW "BM9 ,45C2; "+AL$(25)+ "BR<br />
6"+AL$(14)<br />
2650 J1=JOYSTK(0)<br />
2660 IF J132 THEN LINE(25 ,34)-(<br />
3 9 , 48) , P SET , B: LINE ( 6 , 34) - ( 21 , 48)<br />
,PRESET ,B<br />
26<strong>80</strong> IF PEEK(652<strong>80</strong>)=254 OR PEEK(<br />
652<strong>80</strong>)=126 THEN GOT02690 ELSE GO<br />
T02650<br />
2690 IF J1
XC XD YC<br />
-8 16 -8<br />
0 10 -3<br />
-16 32 -16<br />
-4 8 - 4<br />
-2 . 5 5 -2 .5<br />
YO<br />
16<br />
6<br />
32<br />
8<br />
5<br />
Equations<br />
you can have the y point PSET as ( ... ,19 1-<br />
V ,C)-this makes our display a little more<br />
realistic-looking since most graphs are<br />
numbered from low to high as you go up.<br />
Final! y, we' II define all our variables at the<br />
start of the program (so BASIC will have<br />
locations for them immediately), renumber<br />
the program, and combine lines where<br />
possible-to get that extra added speed. If<br />
your computer will handle it, you can also<br />
insert the fast poke (POK E 65495. 0) in the<br />
.,<br />
Table 1<br />
INTC32*CSINCXl *S INCXl+COSCYl*COSCY)) ) AND 3<br />
INTCEXP(X)*CO S( Y)) AND 3<br />
INT(SORCABS(X*X-Y*Y))) AND 3<br />
INTCX*X+Y*Y) x( X:X+Y*Y) -2(X*X -Y*Y)) AND 3<br />
INT((X*X+Y*Y) *( X*X+Y*Y)*(X*X+Y*Y)-<br />
(X*X-Y*Y)*(X*X -Y*Y)) AND 3<br />
first line. <strong>The</strong> final program should look<br />
about like Listing 3.<br />
With the mechanics of the program out<br />
of the way, let's have some fun with it.<br />
Since the equation makes designs, start by<br />
changing it to X* X-Y *Y. What a difference<br />
a sign makes!<br />
Another variation is X*X+2*Y. You can<br />
make the numbe rs cubic powers<br />
X*X*X=Y*Y*Y, but if the value before you<br />
AND it with 3 is too large, you will get a<br />
METRIC INDUSTRIES, INC.<br />
Model1<strong>01</strong><br />
Serial to Parallel Printer Interface<br />
* Works with any COCO<br />
* Compatible with "Centronics" Parallel Input Printers<br />
* Just tum the knob to select any one of 6 baud rates 300-9600<br />
* Comes complete with cables to connect to your printer<br />
and computer<br />
* Can be powered by most printers<br />
Model1 04 Deluxe Interface<br />
with "Modem Switch"<br />
* Same Features as 1<strong>01</strong> Plus<br />
* Built in Serial Port for your Modem or other serial device<br />
* Switch between Serial Output and Parallel Output<br />
* Comes with cables to connect to your computer and printer<br />
* Can be powered by most printers<br />
Model1 05 Serial Switch<br />
* Connects to your COCO to give you 2 switch selectable<br />
Serial Ports<br />
* Comes with a 3 foot cable to connect to your computer<br />
* <strong>No</strong>w you can connect your Printer (or printer interiace)<br />
and your Modem (or other serial device) to your COCO<br />
and flip the switch to use either device<br />
* Does not require power<br />
Cassette Label Printing Program<br />
* New Version 2.1 prints ?lines of information<br />
on Cassette labels<br />
* Comes on Tape with instructions to transfer to disk<br />
* Menu driven, very easy to use<br />
* Save and Load Labels from Tape and Disk<br />
* Uses the features of your printer to print standard,<br />
expanded, and condensed characters<br />
* Automatically Centers Each Line of Text<br />
* Allows editing of label before printing<br />
* Program comes with 24 labels to get you started<br />
* 16K ECB required<br />
Some of the Printers<br />
That Can-<br />
Supply power for the 1<strong>01</strong> and<br />
1 04 are Radio Shack, Star.<br />
Okidata. Brother, Juki, and<br />
Smith Corona.<br />
Some of the Printers<br />
That Cannot -<br />
Supply power for the interiaces<br />
are Epson, Seikosha,<br />
Panasonic, Silver Reed and<br />
NEC. If your printer cannot<br />
supply power to the interiace<br />
you can order your interiace<br />
with the "P" option or you can<br />
supply your own AC adapter.<br />
We recommend the Radio<br />
Shack 273-1431 AC adapter<br />
with a 274-328 connector<br />
adapter.<br />
Write or call for more<br />
information or for technical<br />
assistance.<br />
Ordering Info<br />
Function Call Error. You can only AND a<br />
number if it is between -32768 and +32767.<br />
Another variation is to use SIN and cos.<br />
But since their value is only between -1 and<br />
+I, you must include a multiplier in the<br />
formula, such as I NT ( 32* (S IN ex )+COS (Y))<br />
AND 3. If you use LOG, the starting coordinates<br />
will usually have to be greater than<br />
zero (try to find LOG COl or LOG( -32)).<br />
Another way to vary the display is to keep<br />
the formula the same, but increase or decrease<br />
the distance. Try Listing 3 again, but<br />
use XC= - 16, XD=+32, YC=- 16, YD=+32 . Finally,<br />
you can vary the AND number. Try<br />
using . .. AND 2 in the formula computation.<br />
Table 1 is a list of functions and their<br />
coordinates I've found interesting to graph.<br />
You will find many more on your own.<br />
That's it for <strong>The</strong> Graphics Comer this month.<br />
Next time we'll investigate one-dimensional<br />
arrays and use two ML programs to<br />
create a graphics display that really zips<br />
along.<br />
(Questions or comments concerning this<br />
article may be addressed to the author at<br />
Route 2, Box 216C Mason, WI 54856-<br />
9302. Please enclose an SASE when requesting<br />
a reply.)<br />
*Free Shipping in the<br />
U.S.A. (except AK and HI)<br />
on all orders over $50<br />
* On orders under $50<br />
please add $2.50 for<br />
shipping and handling<br />
* On orders outside the<br />
U.S.A. please write or ca ll<br />
for shipping c harges<br />
Price List<br />
Model1<strong>01</strong><br />
Modei1<strong>01</strong>P<br />
Model104<br />
Modei104P<br />
Model105<br />
35.95<br />
41.95<br />
44.95<br />
51 .95<br />
14.95<br />
Cassette Label Program 6.95<br />
Pin Feed Cassette Labels:<br />
White 3.00/100<br />
4 Pin Din Serial<br />
COCO Cables:<br />
Male/Male 6 foot 4.49<br />
Male/Female 6 foot 4.49<br />
Female/Female 6 foot 4.49<br />
Other Lengths Available.<br />
All items covered by a<br />
1 year warranty<br />
You Can Pay By:<br />
* VISA or MasterCard<br />
* Or send check or money<br />
order payable in U.S. funds<br />
Metric Industries Inc.<br />
P.O. Box 42396<br />
Cincinnati, OH 45242<br />
(513) 677-0796<br />
<strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong> THE RAINBOW 37
DESKTOPH and Epso n-compatible printers.<br />
Your DESKTOPH program w ill have to be<br />
altered to work w ith DRIVERHT or DRIV<br />
E RH E, by merging with it one of four patch<br />
program s - HALTER, HAL TERD , HAL TERE ,<br />
and HAL TERDE - of Listings 3, 4, 5 and 6,<br />
res pective ly . W hich one of the patch programs<br />
you mu st merge w ith DESKTOPH<br />
depend s on what version of th at program<br />
you are using. Prese ntly, there are effectively<br />
four different ve rsions of DESKTOPH .<br />
<strong>The</strong>se different ve rsions are an outgrowth<br />
of sel ling to m any tlESKTOPH use rs a builtin<br />
sc reen dump, enhancements or both. <strong>The</strong><br />
four versions are as follows :<br />
e V ersion I - <strong>The</strong> ori ginal DESKTOPH<br />
w ith 2, I 0 or 19 fonts, w ith or w ithout the<br />
word processor input feature introduced in<br />
<strong>The</strong> Desktop Publisher: A Reprise (September<br />
'88 iss ue of THE RA INBOW).<br />
• V ersion 2 - L ike Version I with the<br />
exception th at a patch program merged<br />
with DESKTOPH gives the 0 command sc reen<br />
clump capabi lities .<br />
• Version3-Like V ersion l , but a patch<br />
program merged w ith DESKTOPH prov ides<br />
so me new command s.<br />
• Version 4-A combinati on ofVersions<br />
2 and 3.<br />
<strong>The</strong> programs HALTER, HAL TERD , HAL <br />
TERE , and HALTERDE are assoc iated w ith<br />
V ersions I , 2, 3 and 4 res pectively, of<br />
DESKTOPH . Each of these patch program s<br />
gives the 0 command of DESKTOPH the<br />
ability to transfer co ntrol to ORIVERHT or<br />
DRIVERHE . Those of you with Epson or<br />
Epson-compatible printers w ill have to<br />
change Line 725 of the patch program<br />
assoc iated w ith your version of DESKTOPH .<br />
ln that line you w ill ha ve to replace DR I v<br />
ERHT with DR!VERHE .<br />
Each patch program ex pand s the powers<br />
of the 0 command further. It adds an<br />
option to the 0 co mmand allowing you to<br />
look at the directory of the disk in Dri ve 0.<br />
For later prinring, you w ill be sav ing eight<br />
or 12 sc ree ns on disk by mea ns of the Save<br />
Screen option of th e 0 command. To keep<br />
trac k of what f iles are already on the disk,<br />
you may occasionally need to use the directory<br />
option of the 0 command. Each patch<br />
program gives DESKTOPH the ability, by<br />
means of the 0 and I commands. to add ress<br />
drives when sav ing and l oad ing sc reen<br />
fi les. If you have more th an one drive, you<br />
may want to save sc reen f iles on a disk in a<br />
drive other than Drive 0. You should then<br />
append to DIR in Line 725 a drive number<br />
1, 2 or 3 correspond ing to th e dri ve you<br />
intend to employ. Some of you hav ing<br />
Version 2 or Version 4 of DESKTOPH may<br />
need to change L ine 725 , by rep lac ing<br />
THENCLS : EXEC&Hl49 w ith the BAS IC com-<br />
mands in the corres ponding part of L ine<br />
725 of your present DESKTOPH . For instance,<br />
many of you using HDUMP10 5 sc reen clump<br />
need to make the replacement:<br />
THENCLS : PRJNT#-2,CHR$(27) : CHR$(20<br />
: EXEC&Hl32A.<br />
When you have typed the patch program<br />
for DESKTOPH and made, if neeclecl , any of<br />
the discussed chan ges in L ine 725 , save it<br />
in ASCII f ormat. For example, to save<br />
HAL TERD in ASCII fo rm at, type :<br />
SAVE " HALTERD " , A and press ENTER.<br />
Baud Rate<br />
1200<br />
2400<br />
4<strong>80</strong>0<br />
9600<br />
Table 1<br />
Value<br />
4 1<br />
18<br />
6 or 7<br />
I<br />
Tomakethenecessarya lterat ionofD ESK <br />
TOPH, do the fo llowing: Get out the disk<br />
containing your version of DESK TOP H and<br />
its font fi les, then make a backup copy of<br />
th e disk. Put away the ori ginal and work<br />
w ith the back up copy. For compatibility<br />
w ith 0 RIVE RHT or OR [ V ERH E, your DES KTO PH<br />
version must have the fi lename DH . <strong>The</strong>refore,<br />
inse rt th e disk co ntaining DESKTO PH in<br />
the dri ve and type: RENAME " DESKTOPH/<br />
BAS " TO '' OH/BAS " and press ENTER . <strong>No</strong>w<br />
enter LOAD " OH " , then insert in the drive the<br />
disk containing the patch program -<br />
HALTER . HALTERED, HAL TERE, or HAL TERDE .<br />
If your patch program is HA L TERDE . for<br />
instance, type: MERGE " HAL TERDE " and press<br />
ENTER . Do similarl y for any one of the<br />
other three patch pmgrams, but w ith its<br />
name instead of HAL TERDE . Finally, insert<br />
the disk containing DH in your drive and<br />
type: SAVE " DH" and press ENTER.<br />
Depend ing on what pri nter you have,<br />
you may have to change some lines of th e<br />
dri ve r program , ORIVERHT or DRIVERHE,<br />
whichever one you will be using. <strong>The</strong> poke<br />
command in Line 5 of eac h of these programs<br />
is employed to set the baud rate of<br />
your particul ar printer. If your prin ter operates<br />
at 600 baud, you need not change Line<br />
S. Otherwise, delete the apos trophe from<br />
L ine 5 and replace the qu estion mark w ith<br />
the va lue assoc iated w ith the baud rate of<br />
your printer. <strong>The</strong>se va lues are gi ven in<br />
T able I . If the control codes for initiating<br />
the <strong>80</strong>0 or 960 dots- per- line graph ics mode<br />
are otherthan 27,20 or 27 , 19, res pectively,<br />
for your DMP printer, you need to change<br />
L ine 740 or 730 of DRI vE RHT , accordingly.<br />
If you have a printer that is Epson-compatible<br />
but not an Epson, you may have to<br />
tailor-make DRI VER HE to fit the needs of<br />
your printer. Tailor-m aking DRIVERHE involves<br />
changing seven DATA statements<br />
containing Epson printer-co ntrol code<br />
sequences. Lines 650 through 670 contain<br />
the control codes for a two-column printout.<br />
Similarl y, lines 720 through 750 hold<br />
control codes needed for three-colu mn<br />
printouts. <strong>The</strong> first DATA value in eac h of th e<br />
lines specifies the number of va lues in the<br />
control code sequence represented by the<br />
remainder of the DATA statement. Lines 650<br />
and 720 are identica l and spec ify the control<br />
code sequence for line spac ing.<br />
For ordinary printing your printer provides<br />
a line spacing of one-sixth inch, which<br />
produces six lines of print per inch. For the<br />
printer graphics modes the line spacing<br />
must be a closer, 7/72 inch. <strong>The</strong> Epson<br />
control code seq uence yielding the required<br />
line spaci ng is 27 . 49 . In lines 650 and 720<br />
the initial value of 2 indicates the following<br />
va lues. 27 ancl 49 represent the control code<br />
sequence. Chec k your printer manual to see<br />
w hether or not 27 . 49 is the control code<br />
sequence for a I ine spac ing of 7/72 inch. If<br />
your printer has a different control code<br />
sequence for that line spac ing, modify I ines<br />
650 and 720 accordingly. If the control<br />
code has three values, for instance, in addition<br />
to changing the control code sequence,<br />
you wi ll have to alter the initial value to 3.<br />
In such a case, the DATA statement would<br />
end with fou r zero values instead of the five<br />
required for the Epson printer. It may be<br />
that your printer automatically adjusts the<br />
line spacing to f it the graphics modes. In<br />
that event, you need to replace the initial<br />
va lue 2 in lines 650 and 720 w ith 0. However,<br />
if your printer does not have automatic<br />
line spacing adjustment and you make<br />
the 0 for 2 substitution, your printout w ill<br />
show noticeable gaps between lines.<br />
BAS IC lines 670 and 740 also dea l with<br />
line spacing. <strong>The</strong>y hold control code sequences<br />
for the return to one-sixth inch I ine<br />
spac ing. T herefore, check your manual for<br />
a 27 , 50 control code sequence, and if needed,<br />
make changes in lines 670 and 740 analogous<br />
to those made for I in es 650 and 720.<br />
Lines 660, 730 and 750 contain the Epson<br />
control code sequences for specifying the<br />
graphics modes. L ines 660 and 750 are<br />
exactl y the same. <strong>The</strong> graphics mode indicated<br />
by each of those two lines is the one<br />
w ith a dot density of960dots per line ( 120<br />
dots per inch). <strong>The</strong> fi rst two values, 192 and<br />
3 indicate a m ax imum of 192+ 3*256=960<br />
clots that are to be printed per line. If your<br />
printer manual has a different control code<br />
sequence for thi s graphics mode, be sure to<br />
change I ines 660 and 750 so th at the codes<br />
specify a maximum of960 dots printed per<br />
line.<br />
Line 730 holds the control seq uence for<br />
<strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong> THE RAINBOW 39
margin s to 0; type t Chronic le; return the<br />
screen to the higher resolution; select the<br />
text font again; make the right-column<br />
margin settings according to Table 4 or 5;<br />
and press ENTER twice. Fill the rest of the<br />
screen and save it as the top-right column.<br />
Because a si ngle-sided 35-track di sk<br />
does not have the capacity to hold more<br />
than eight screen f iles, the screens assoc iated<br />
with the three-column printout must<br />
be recorded on two disks, six screens per<br />
disk. <strong>The</strong> screens representing the top half<br />
of the printout mu st be saved on one di sk<br />
and th ose fo r the bottom half must be on the<br />
other di sk.<br />
Thu s, the two disks must be swapped<br />
five times during the process of generating<br />
and sav ing i2 screens fo r the three-column<br />
printout. In Table 9, the process is illustrated<br />
for a pair of disks associated with a<br />
six or less character fil ename, DUMP .<br />
In D.RIVERHT or DRIVERHE, the two disks<br />
needed fo r a three-column printout need to<br />
be swapped once onl y after the top half of<br />
the page has been printed. Because you<br />
may want to have several copies of the<br />
three-column printout, it is well th at the<br />
di sk swapping has been minimized in the<br />
dri ver programs.<br />
Editors <strong>No</strong>te: <strong>The</strong> patches in listings 3 through 6<br />
are in tokenized f ormat on this month's RAIN<br />
BOW ON TA PE/DISK. In order to use them, you<br />
need to save lhem in ASCI! format on a.fi·esh disk<br />
using the A option of the SAVE command.<br />
l<br />
/<br />
/<br />
\/f <strong>80</strong> .......... 120 530 ........ 120<br />
,.:..J 160 ........ 132 590 ............ 66<br />
260 ·········· 45 660 .. ...... 170<br />
360 ........ 227 END .......... 36<br />
450 .......... 27<br />
Listing 1: DRIVERHT<br />
0 ' COPYRIGH T <strong>1989</strong>, FALSOF T,IN C<br />
5 ' POKE150,?<br />
10 PCLEAR2 : CMP :W IDTH40 : CLS3 :LO CA<br />
TE7 , 2:ATTR0,2 : PRINT"HIGH CAPACIT<br />
Y SCREEN DUMPS ": LOCATE11, 4 : PRINT<br />
" FOR TANDY PRINTERS ": LO CATE11 , 6:<br />
PRINT " BY H. ALLEN CURTIS " : LOCATE<br />
18. 8: A TT R3 , 2: PRIN T" FOR " ; : LOCATE 1<br />
4 , 1l : ATTR7 , 2:P RINT "F ALSOFT , INC "<br />
20 LOCATE13,13:PRINT "COPYRIGHT 1<br />
989 " ; : LOCATE13,14 : ATTR0 . 2 , U: PRIN<br />
T" " ; : ATTR0, 2<br />
30 LOCATE3 , 18 : PRIN T"TY PE 2 OR 3<br />
DEPENDING ON WH ET HER YOU<br />
WANT A 2 OR 3 COLUMN PRINTO UT,<br />
RESPECTIVELY ." ; : LOC ATE 15,14<br />
40 K=1 : C=0 : X=&Hl000 : W$( 0)="12 " :W<br />
$(1)="TRIO " : W$ (2)="1/4 " :W$(3)=" ,<br />
Ml ": M$= "PRESS SPACE TO CONTINUE<br />
" : DIMS$(13J . C( 13 )<br />
50 S$(0)="1F314F8D3027028A<strong>01</strong>8D27<br />
27028A028D2 127028A048D18 27028A08<br />
8D15 " : C(0)=1763<br />
60 S$(1)="27028A l08D0F270 28A208D<br />
<strong>09</strong>27028A408A<strong>80</strong>7EA285308850E684D4<br />
5039 " :C (1)=2617<br />
44 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
Before this arti cle concl udes, be aware<br />
of the fo ll owin g: For a two or more page<br />
continuation of a two- or three-column<br />
printout, use two or more word processor<br />
input fi les. Employing one long word proc-<br />
essorfile is very time-consuming while the<br />
REST file is being derived afterthe filling of<br />
every screen. Each word processor fil e<br />
should terminate at the end of a paragraph.<br />
If REST becomes empty before a screen is<br />
completely filled, position the cursor to the<br />
beginning of the next line. <strong>The</strong>n use the<br />
ASCII fil e option of the I command to fill<br />
the remai nder of the screen and foll o wing<br />
screens with inf<strong>01</strong>mation from the next<br />
word processor f il e.<br />
(Questions or comments concerning thir<br />
article may be addressed to the author at<br />
172 Dennis Drive, Williamsburg, VA 23185.<br />
Please include an SASE when requestin fPl<br />
reply.)<br />
70 S$(2)="C6 <strong>80</strong> D7508DC 0045026FA39<br />
86 1897 528 D3E8D 2D8D358DE933410A 51<br />
26F8 " : C(2)=3227<br />
<strong>80</strong> S$(3)="8D2634408D338DDB33410A<br />
5126 F835 408D1 88 D2A8D CD33410A5126<br />
F88D " : C(3)=2788<br />
90 S$(4)="0A0A5226D0 3939007EA285<br />
338829 1E32C6 28 D75 1398E7071BFFFA2<br />
398E " : C(4) =2969<br />
100 S$(5) ="727320F78E7A7820F28D1<br />
F86128DDC8 DA3C6788D1F1F238DDF C67<br />
88D17" : c ( 5 )=356 0<br />
110 S$(6)="1F238 DDEC6 788D0F8DDD0<br />
F6F39C6FED76FCE400<strong>01</strong>F32398E4000A<br />
6C0A7 " :C(6)=3365<br />
120 S$(7)="<strong>80</strong>A6C0A7<strong>80</strong>5A26F5398DE<br />
517FF6CC6 F08D E8 1F238DA8C6F08DE<strong>01</strong><br />
F238D " : C(7)=4163<br />
130 S$(8)="A7C6F020C78DCC861C17F<br />
F53C6508DCD1F238D8DC6508DC51F238<br />
D8CC6 " :C(8)=3837<br />
140 S$(9)="5020AC8DB117FF388D181<br />
7FF778 D16 17FF798D 1186<strong>01</strong>17FF 29860<br />
DBDA2 " : C(9)=3173<br />
150 S$( 10)="8586 1EBDA 285208C30C9<br />
<strong>01</strong>904FC6A0A7<strong>80</strong>5A26FB39ABCDEFABCD<br />
E FA BCD " : C ( 10) =4121<br />
160 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$ ="" THEN160ELSE<br />
IFK$= "2"THEN2<strong>80</strong>ELSEIFK$ "3"THEN<br />
SOU ND 60 , 3 :GOT<strong>01</strong> 60<br />
170 LO CATE3,1 8 :PR I NTSTRING$(1 20 .<br />
32l : LOCATE10,18 : PRINT"A FEW MOME<br />
NTS PLEASE ";: LOCATE15,14<br />
1<strong>80</strong> FORI=0 T<strong>01</strong>0 : FORJ =lT029 :A$=MIO<br />
$ ( S $ ( I ) . 2 * J - 1 , 2 ) : A=V A L( " & H "+A$ ) :<br />
C= C+A:POKEX,A:X=X+1: NEXT:IF CC(<br />
l)T HEN CLS3 : LOCATE8 , 12:PRINT "1YPI<br />
NG ERROR IN LINE " ;50+10* I : ENDELS<br />
EC=0 : NEXT<br />
190 GOSUB720:GOS UB6<strong>80</strong><br />
200 K$ =INKEY$ :I FK$= "" THEN200 ELSE<br />
IFK$= "N"THEN 500<br />
210 GOS UB690<br />
22 0 K$ =1 NKEY$ : I FK$= " "THEN220<br />
230 GOS UB710
240 LOCATE4 , 1l : PRINT"OF A TRIO 0<br />
F FILES INDICATE THE<br />
LEFT , MIDDLE . AND RIGHT<br />
PARTS OF THE TOP 1/4 OF THE<br />
PRINTOUT . L2. M2,<br />
AND R2 INDICATE TH<br />
E NEXT 114, ETC .<br />
EXC<br />
EPT FOR THE LAST 2<br />
250 LOCATE4 . 17 : PRINT "CHARACTERS,<br />
THE FILENAME OF ALL<br />
FILES MUST BE THE SAME . " : LOCATE<br />
6,20 : PRINTM$ ;<br />
260 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$= "" THEN260<br />
270 GOT0500<br />
2<strong>80</strong> K=2 :W$(0)= "8": W$(1)= "PAIR ": W<br />
$(3)=" ": LOCATE3,18 : PRINTSTRI<br />
NG$(120 , 32) : LOCATE10 , 18 : PRINT "A<br />
FEW MOMENTS PLEASE "; : LOCATE15 , 14<br />
290 S$(0)= "1F314F8D3027028A<strong>01</strong>8D2<br />
727028A028D2127028A048D1B27028A0<br />
88<strong>01</strong>52702 " :C(0)=1<strong>80</strong>4<br />
300 S$(1)="8A108D0F27028A208D<strong>09</strong>2<br />
7028A408A<strong>80</strong>7EA285308850E684D4503<br />
9C6<strong>80</strong>D750 " : CC 1 )=3197<br />
310 S$(2)="8DC0045026FA39861B975<br />
28D2E8D1D8D258DE933410A5126F88D1<br />
68D258DDD " : C(2)=3261<br />
320 S$(3)="33410A5126F8<strong>80</strong>0A0A522<br />
6E039390D7EA2853388151E32C63CD75<br />
1398E7071 ": C(3)=2812<br />
330 S$(4)="BFFFA2398E727320F78D1<br />
B86128DE18DB8C6788D1B8DDC8DE4C67<br />
88Dl38E7A " :C(4)=4284<br />
340 S$(5)="7BBFFFA20F6F39C6FED76<br />
FCE400<strong>01</strong>F32398E4000A6C0A7<strong>80</strong>A6C0A<br />
7<strong>80</strong>5A26F5 " : C(5)=3985<br />
350 S$(6)= "39128DE48D85C6F08DE88<br />
DA98DB1C6F020CB8DD4861C17FF74C65<br />
08DD58D96 " :C(6)=4662<br />
360 S$(7)= "8D9EC65020B88DC117FF6<br />
18D158D918D1186<strong>01</strong>17FF58860DBDA28<br />
5861EBDA2 " :C(7)=3755<br />
370 S$(8)="852<strong>09</strong>E30C9<strong>01</strong>904FC6A0A<br />
7<strong>80</strong>5A26FB39ABCDEFABCDEFABCDEFABC<br />
DEFABCDEF " : C(8)=4960<br />
3<strong>80</strong> FORI=0T08 : FORJ=1T031 : A$=MID$<br />
( S $ ( I ) , 2 * J -1 , 2 ) : A=V A L( " & H "+A$ ) : C<br />
=C+A : POKEX,A : X=X+l : NEXT : IFCC(I<br />
)THENCLS3 : LOCATE8.12 : PRINT "TYPIN<br />
G ERROR IN LINE "; 290+10*I : ENDELS<br />
EC=0 : NEXT<br />
390 GOSUB720 : GOSUB6<strong>80</strong><br />
400 K$=I NKEn : IFK$= "" THEN400ELSE<br />
IFK$= "N"THEN500<br />
410 CLS3 : LOCATE6 ,4: PRINT "YOU SHO<br />
ULD HAVE READY 8 FILES<br />
(SCREEN IMAGES) FOR LOADING .<br />
420 LOCATE6 , 6: PRINT "THE SCREEN I<br />
MAGES OF ONE PAIR OF F<br />
ILES SHOULD CORRESPOND TO<br />
THE TOP FOURTH PART OF THE<br />
PRINTED PAGE. ANOTH<br />
ER PAIR<br />
46 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
430 LOCATE6 , 10 : PRINT "SHOULD CORR<br />
ESPOND TO THE NEXT FOU<br />
RTH PART OF THE PAGE . ETC .": LOCA<br />
TE8 , 20 : PRINTM$ ;<br />
440 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$= "" THEN440<br />
450 CLS3 : LOCATE6 ,4: PRINT "T E LAS<br />
T 2 CHARACTERS OF EACH<br />
FILENAME MUST INDICATE WHERE<br />
THE SCREEN IMAGE IS TO<br />
BE PRINTED . FOR I<br />
NSTANCE, Ll AND R1<br />
ENDING THE FILENAMES<br />
460 LOCATE6,9 : PRINT "OF A PAIR OF<br />
FILES I NDICATE THE<br />
LEFT AND RIGHT PORTIONS<br />
OF THE TOP FOURTH OF THE<br />
PAGE . L2 AND R2 IND<br />
I CA TE<br />
THE NEXT FOU<br />
RTH , ETC . EXCEPT<br />
470 LOCATE6.14 : PRI NT" FOR THE LAS<br />
T 2 CHARACTERS, THE<br />
FILENAMES OF ALL FILES<br />
MUST BE THE SAME ."<br />
4<strong>80</strong> LOCATE8 . 20 : PRINTM$ ;<br />
490 K$= IN KEY$ : IFK$= "" THEN490<br />
500 GOSUB670<br />
510 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$= "" THEN510<br />
520 IFK$= "3"THENPCLEAR4 : ENDELSEI<br />
FK$= "2"THENPC LEAR4 : RUN "DH "ELSEIF<br />
K$ "1"THEN510<br />
530 WIDT H32 : CLS : PRI NT@130 , "ENTER<br />
PART OF FILENAME COMMON TO AL<br />
L FILES . ( I F YOU HAVE MORE<br />
THAN 1 DRIVE. YOU MAY ADORE<br />
SS A DRIVE BY APPENDING A COL<br />
ON FOLLO WED BY THE DRIVE NUMBE<br />
R TO THE FILENAME PART .<br />
540 IFK=1THENCLEAR200 , &H3FFF : K=1<br />
: X(1)=&H1<strong>09</strong>A :X(2)=&Hl0D4 : X(3)=&H<br />
10ED : X(4)=&H1108 ELSECLEAR200 , &H<br />
3FFF : K=2 : X(1)=&H1085 : X(2)=&H10BC<br />
: X(3l=& H10CC :X(4)= &H 10DF<br />
550 L$(1)= "Ll ": L$(2)= " L2 ": L$(3)=<br />
" L3 " : L $ ( 4) =" L 4" : M $ (1 ) =" M 1 " : M $ ( 2 )<br />
="M2 " :M$(3)= "M3 " :M$(4)= "M4 ": R$( 1<br />
) =" R 1 " : R $ ( 2) =" R2 " : R$ ( 3) =" R3 " : R$ (<br />
4)="R4 " :0(1)=0 :0(2)=240 :0(3)=4<strong>80</strong><br />
:0(4)=160 : H=&HFFA2<br />
560 PRINT@326 ," »> " ;: LINEINPUT<br />
F$<br />
570 A=INSTR(1 , F$ ," :" ) : IFA>0THEND<br />
$=RIGHT$ ( F$ , LE N( F$) -A+1) : F$=LEFT<br />
$ ( F $ . A- 1) ELSE D $= ""<br />
5<strong>80</strong> IFK=2T HENFORI=1T04 : POKEH , &H7<br />
0 : POKEH+1 , &H7l : LOADM F$+L$(I)+ "/<br />
HR1 "+D$,0(I) : LOADM F$+l$(l)+" /HR<br />
2"+D$ ,0(I)+8192 : POKEH , &H72 : POKEH<br />
+1, &H73 : LOAD M F$+ R$ (I)+" /HR1 "+D$<br />
, 0 (I) : LOA OM F$+R$ (I)+" / HR2 "+0$ , 0<br />
Cil+8192 : POKEH.& H7A : POKEH+l , &H7B<br />
: EXEC X (I) : NEXT : GOT0660<br />
590 FORI=lT02 : POKEH,&H70 : POKEH+1<br />
, &H7l : LOA DM F$+L$(I)+ "/ HR1 "+0$ ,0
<strong>Color</strong> Computer I, II, III<br />
Free Software for Drive 0 Systems<br />
CoCo Checker ... Test roms, rams, disk drives and & controller printer, keyboard cassette & more.<br />
Tape/Disk Utility .•• Transfers disk to tape and tape to disk.<br />
159' 95 Driveo 179 95 Drive 0 269 95 DriveO& 1<br />
• Full Ht Drive<br />
• Single Case ·<br />
• Double Sided Slim Line Drive<br />
• Case holds 2 slim line drives<br />
• 2 Double Sided Slim Line Drive<br />
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• 2 Drive Cable<br />
• Heavy Duty Power Supply<br />
• 2 Drive Cable<br />
• Heavy Duty Power Supply<br />
• 2 Drive Cable<br />
• Gold plated contacts<br />
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• Controller & Manuals<br />
Other Drive Specials<br />
119 95<br />
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Full Ht Drive ............................ 89 95<br />
Full Ht Drive Ps/Case ........ 129 95<br />
Slim Line Drive ...................... 99 95<br />
Slim Line Drive Ps/Case ... 139 95<br />
2 Slim Drives Ps/Case .... .. 239 95<br />
Disk Controller ...................... 59 95<br />
Single Ps & Case .................... 44 95<br />
Dual 1 /2ht Ps & Case ............. .. 54 '95<br />
Dual Full Ht. Ps & Case ........ 79 95<br />
Disk Controller .. ... .. .. ...... .... . .. 59 95<br />
10 Diskettes 9 95<br />
with free library case ................ ..<br />
Quality Add-On's for Tandy 1000, SX, TX, SL, TL, 3000, 4000<br />
, 1000, 1000A,<br />
Memory Cards<br />
Zucker Memory<br />
• DMA & 512K CALL<br />
Zucker Multifunction<br />
• Serial<br />
• Real Time Clock<br />
• 512K DMA<br />
• Software<br />
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5()8.278-6555<br />
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE<br />
5()8.278-6556<br />
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10 meg<br />
20 meg<br />
30 meg<br />
HARD CARDS<br />
259.95<br />
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1 0 meg kit . . . . . . . . . . . . 249.95<br />
20 meg kit . . . . . . . . . . . . 299.95<br />
30 meg kit . . . . . . . . . . . . 339.95<br />
TANDY 1000<br />
1000, SX, TX,3000,4000<br />
2nd Floppy<br />
360K TEAC $119.95<br />
720K Mitsubishi $99.95<br />
3112'' Mitsubishi $119.95<br />
TOLL FREE ORDER LINE<br />
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HOURS: MON·FRI. 9-6, SAT. 1Q-4 (EST)<br />
HARD DRIVE KITS<br />
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399.95<br />
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Hard Drive<br />
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Will run 1 or 2<br />
Hard Drives<br />
Supports drives up to 120 megabytes<br />
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C.O.D.'S ADD $2.30<br />
MASTER CHARGENISA ADD 3%<br />
1 YEAR WARRANTY UNLESS<br />
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PRICES TERMS CONDITIONS<br />
SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT<br />
NOTICE
4)= "R4 "<br />
530 PRINT@326, "»> " ; : LINEINPUT<br />
F$<br />
540 A= I NSTR( 1, F$ ,": "):I FA>0THEND<br />
$=RIGHT$(F$,LEN(F$) -A+1) : F$=LEFT<br />
$(F$ , A-1)ELSED$= ""<br />
550 IFK=2THENFORI=1T04 : POKE&HFFA<br />
2,&H70 : LOADM F$+L$(I)+ "/HR1 "+D$ :<br />
POKE&HFFA2, &H71 : LOADM F$+L$ (I)+"<br />
/H R2 "+D$:POKE&HFFA2,&H72 : LOADM F<br />
$+R$(I)+ "/HR1 "+D$ : POKE&HFFA2 , &H7<br />
3: LOADM F$+R$(I)+ "/HR2 "+D$ : POKE&<br />
HFFA2 , &H7A : EXEC&H1284 : NEXT : GOT06<br />
30<br />
560 FORI=1T02 : POKE&HFFA2,&H70 : LO<br />
ADM F$+L$(I)+ "/HR1 "+D$ : POKE&HFFA<br />
2,&H71 : LOADM F$+L$(I)+ "/HR2 "+D$ :<br />
POKE&HFFA2,&H72 : LOADM F$+M$(I)+ "<br />
/ HR1 "+D$ : POKE&HFFA2,&H73 : LOADM F<br />
$+M$ CI)+"/HR2 "+D$<br />
570 POKE&HFFA2 , &H7A : LOADM F$+R$(<br />
I)+"/H R1 "+D$ : LOADM F$+R$(I )+ "/HR<br />
2"+D$ ,8192 : EXEC&H1298 : NEXT<br />
5<strong>80</strong> O$=D$ : I FO$= " "TH ENO$= " 0" ELSEO<br />
$=RIGHT$(D$ , 1)<br />
590 CLS : PRINT@194, "INSERT DISK W<br />
ITH SECOND SET OF SCREEN FIL<br />
ES IN DRIVE " ;0$:PRINT@258, "AND<br />
PRESS SPACE. "<br />
600 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$0 " "THEN600<br />
610 FORI=3T04 : POKE&HFFA2,&H70 : LO<br />
ADM F$+L$ (I)+" / HR1 "+D$ : POKE&HFFA<br />
2, &H71 : LOADM F$+L$ (I)+" / HR2 "+D$ :<br />
POKE&HFFA2 , &H72 : LOADM F$+M$(I)+ "<br />
/HR1 "+D$ : POKE&HFFA2,&H73 : LO ADM F<br />
$+M$( I)+ " /HR2 "+D$<br />
620 POKE&HFFA2,&H7A : LOADM F$+R$(<br />
I)+ " / HR1 "+D$ : LOADM F$+R$ ( I )+ " / HR<br />
2"+D$ ,8192 : EXEC&H1298 : NEXT<br />
630 CLEAR200,&H7FFF : GOT0470<br />
640 WIDTH40 : CLS 3: LOCATE10,10:PRI<br />
NT "1 LOAD FOR DUMP ": LOCATE10 , 11 :<br />
PRINT "2 RETURN TO DH " : LOCATE10 , 1<br />
2: PRINT "3 EXIT PROGRAM ": RETURN<br />
Listing 3: HALTER<br />
18 ON ERR GOT07000<br />
25 GOSUB820 : POKE&HFFA 2, &H 70 : SAVE<br />
M"OUT1 " , &H4000 , &H5FFF,&HAC73 : POK<br />
E&HFFA2,&H7l : SAVEM "OUT2 " ,&H4000,<br />
&H5BFF , &HAC 73 : POKE&HFFA2,&H7A : RE<br />
NAME "OUTl/BIN "TOF$+ " /HR1 ": RENAME<br />
"OUT2/BIN "TOF$+ " /HR2 ": DRIVE0 : RET<br />
URN<br />
30 GOSUB820 : RENAMEF$+ "/HR1 "TO " IN<br />
1/BIN ": RENAMEF$+ " /HR2 "TO " IN2/B IN<br />
": POKE&HFFA2,&H70 : LOADM "IN1 ": POK<br />
E&H FFA2 , &H71 : LOADM " I N2": POKE&H FF<br />
A2,&H7A<br />
35 RENAME "INl/BIN "TOF$+ "/ HRl " :RE<br />
52 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
650 DATA 2, 27 ,49 ,0 ,0,0 ,0,0<br />
660 DATA 5, 27 ,42 , 1,1 92 , 3,0 ,0,0,0<br />
670 DATA 2, 27 ,50, 0, 0 ,0 ,0 ,0<br />
6<strong>80</strong> CLS3 : LOCATE3 ,8: PRINT "DO YOU<br />
NEED TO RE VI EW FI LE AND<br />
FIL EN AM E REQUI RE MENTS FO R EXECU<br />
TING THIS SCREEN DUMP? (Y/<br />
N) "; : RET URN<br />
690 CLS3 : LOC ATE6 , 5:P RIN T"YOU SHO<br />
ULD HAVE READ Y "; W$(0) : LOCATE6 , 6<br />
: PR IN T"FILE S (SC RE EN IMAGES) FOR<br />
LOADIN G. THE IMA<br />
GES OF ONE "; W$(1) ; "<br />
OF FI LES SHO ULD CORRES PON D<br />
TO THE TOP " ;W $(2) ;" OF THE<br />
PRINTO UT. ",<br />
700 LOCATE6 , 10 :PR I NT"ANOTH ER ";W<br />
$(1) ; " SHO UL D COR RES PON D<br />
TO THE NEXT "; W$(2); " OF THE P<br />
RIN TOUT, ETC .": LOCATE8 , 20<br />
: PRINT M$;: RETURN<br />
710 CLS3 : LOCATE4 , 6: PRINT "THE LAS<br />
T 2 CHARAC TERS OF EACH<br />
FI LENAM E MU ST I ND ICATE WH ERE<br />
THE SCREEN IMAGE IS TO<br />
BE PRI NTED . FOR E<br />
XAMPLE, Ll ";W $(3) ;" AN<br />
D R1 ENDIN G THE FI LENAMES ": RETUR<br />
N<br />
720 DATA 2, 27 , 49 ,0, 0,0 ,0,0<br />
730 DATA 5, 27 ,4 2,3 , 128 , 7,0,0 ,0,0<br />
740 DATA 2,27,50 ,0 ,0,0,0,0<br />
750 DATA 5, 27 , 42 , 1, 192 , 3,0, 0 ,0,0<br />
760 CLS3 :LOCATE13 ,8: PRI NT"GRAPHI<br />
CS MO DE": LOCATE10 , ll : PRI NT"1: 96<br />
0 DOTS PER LIN E": LO CATE 10 ,13 : PRI<br />
NT"2: 1920 DOTS PER LINE "<br />
770 K$=I NKEY$ : IFK$ ="" THE N770ELS E<br />
I FK$="2"THE NR ETU RNELSEIFK$ "1"T<br />
HENSOU ND 60,10: GOT0 770<br />
7<strong>80</strong> X=X-18 :FORI=0 T<strong>09</strong> : READA : POKEX<br />
+I, A:N EXT : POK E&H1290 , &H29 : POKE&H<br />
129 4, &H28 :R ETU RN<br />
NAME "I N2/B I N"TOF$+ "/HR2 " : DRIVE0 :<br />
RETU RN<br />
170 IF K=21T HENHPUT ( U, T)-( W-1,T+ .<br />
5*D) , 4 : H PU T ( U, T +. 5*D)- ( W -1, T +D) ,<br />
4: L= U: GOT065<br />
17 1 I FK=95 THE NI=2* H+2 :HP UT(L , T) <br />
( L+ 1, T+D), 1: IFL>W* . 5T HENHGETCU , T<br />
) - ( W- I -1 , T +. 5 * D+ . 5 ) , 6 : H PUT ( U+ I , T<br />
) - ( W -1, T +. 5*D+ . 5) , 6: HGET ( U, T + . 5*<br />
D+ 1 . 5 ) - ( W- I -1 , T +D) , 6 : H PUT ( U+ I , T +<br />
. 5*D+1. 5)-( W-1 , T+D) , 6: GOT<strong>01</strong>75<br />
172 IF K=95 THE NHG ET(U +I, T) - (W-1 , T<br />
+. 5*D+ . 5),6 :H PU T(U , T) - (W-1-I , T+ .<br />
5 * D+ . 5 ) , 6 : H GET ( U+ I , T +. 5 * D+ 1 . 5 ) - (<br />
W-1,T+ D) , 6:HPU T(U, T+ . 5* D+1 . 5) - (W<br />
- 1 - I , T +D) , 6
275 IFK$= "0" OR K$= "o"THENCLS : LO<br />
CATE8 ,9:PR I NT "1: SAVE SCREEN ON<br />
DISK ": LOCATE8,10 : PRINT"2 : DIR ": L<br />
OCATE8,11 : PRINT "3: HI C SCREEN D<br />
UMP " : GOT0725<br />
370 INPUT/11 ,D, S: CLOSE/11 :I FD >7 AN<br />
D D11 AND D15T HEND=23<br />
720 END<br />
725 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$= ""THEN72 5E LSE<br />
IFK$= "1"THENGOSUB25 :GOT0230ELSEI<br />
FK$= "2"THENCLS : DIR : PRINT " P<br />
Listing 4: HAL TE RD<br />
18 ON ERR GOT07000<br />
25 GOSUB820 : POKE&HFFA2 , &H70 : SAVE<br />
M"OUTl " ,&H 4000,&H5FFF,&HAC7 3: POK<br />
E&HFFA2 ,&H 71 : SAVEM "OUT2 '' ,&H 4000 ,<br />
&H5BFF,&HAC73 : POKE&HFFA2,&H7A : RE<br />
NAME "OUTl / BIN "TOF$+ " /HR1 " : RENAME<br />
"OUT2/BIN "TOF$+ " /HR2 " : DRIVE0 : RET<br />
URN<br />
30 GOSUB820 : RENAMEF$+ "/ HR1 "TO " IN<br />
1/BIN " : RENAMEF$+ " /HR2 "TO " IN2/BIN<br />
" : POKE&HFFA2 , &H70 : LOADM " I N1 ": POK<br />
E&HFFA2 ,&H71 : LOADM " IN2 " : POKE&HFF<br />
A2 , &H7A<br />
35 RENAME "IN1/BI N"TOF$+ "/HR1 " : RE<br />
NAME " IN2/BIN "TOF$+ " /HR2 ": DRIVE0 :<br />
RETURN<br />
170 IFK=21THE NHPUT(U ,T)-( W-l,T+ .<br />
5 *D ) , 4: H PUT ( U, T+ . 5 *D) - ( W- 1 , T +D) ,<br />
4 : L=U : GOT065<br />
171 I FK=95T HENI =2*H+2 :HPU TCL ,T )<br />
( L + 1 , T+D) , 1 : IF L> W* . 5TH EN H GET ( U, T<br />
) - ( W- I -1 , T+ . 5 * D+ . 5) , 6 : H PUT ( U+ I , T<br />
)-(W -1,T+ . 5*D+ . 5) , 6:HGET(U,T+ . 5*<br />
D+ l . 5 ) - ( W - I -1 , T + D ) , 6 : H PUT ( U + I , T+<br />
. 5*D+1. 5) - (W -1,T+D) , 6:GOT<strong>01</strong> 75<br />
172 IFK=95THE NHG ET(U+I ,T)-(W -1,T<br />
+. 5 * D+ . 5) , 6 : H PUT ( U , T) - C W- 1 - I , T +.<br />
Listing 5: HAL TE RE<br />
18 ON ERR GOT07000<br />
25 GOSUB820 : PO KE&HFFA2 , &H70:SAVE<br />
M"OUT1 " ,&H4000,&H 5FFF,&HAC73 : POK<br />
E&HFFA2 , &H7l : SAVEM "OUT2 " , &1-14000 ,<br />
&H5BFF,&HAC73 : POKE&HFFA2 , &H 7A: RE<br />
NAME "OUTl/BIN "TOF$+ " /HR1 " : RENAME<br />
"OUT 2 I BIN " TO F $+ "I H R2 " : DR IV EO : RET<br />
URN<br />
30 GOSUB820 : RENAMEF$+ "/HR1 "TO " IN<br />
1/BIN ": RENAMEF$+ " / HR 2"TO " IN2/BIN<br />
": POKE&HFFA2 , &H70 : LOADM " I N1 ": POK<br />
E&H FFA2 , &H71 : LOADM " I N2 " : POKE&H FF<br />
A2,&H7A<br />
35 RENAME "IN1/BIN "TOF$+ "/HR1 " : RE<br />
54 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
RESS SPACE TO CONTINUE "ELSEIFK$=<br />
"3"THE NDRI VE0 : RUN "DRIVERHT "ELSES<br />
OUND60 , 3:GOT0230<br />
726 K$=INKEY$ : I FK$= " "THEN726ELSE<br />
230<br />
820 GOSUB485 :CLS:LOCATE12,8 : PRIN<br />
T" FILENAME : " ;: LINEINPUTF$:Z$=RI<br />
GHT$(F$ , 2) : I FASC(Z$)=58THENDR I VE<br />
VALCRIGHT$(Z$,1)) : F$ =LEFT$ (F$ , LE<br />
NCF$)-2) :R ET URN ELSERETURN<br />
7000 IFERLIN=2330 THEN2340<br />
70<strong>01</strong> IFERLI N=50T HE N60<br />
5*D+ . 5), 6: HGET ( U+ I, T +. 5*D+ 1. 5) - (<br />
W-1,T+D) , 6: HPUTCU,T+ . 5*D+1 . 5)-C W<br />
-1 - I , T +D) , 6<br />
275 IF K$ ="0" OR K$= "o"THENCLS : LO<br />
CATE8 , 9: PRINT "1: SCREEN DUMP ": LO<br />
CATE8 ,1 0 :P RINT "2: SAVE SCREEN ON<br />
DI SK " : LOCATE8 , ll :P RI NT" 3: DIR " :<br />
LO CATE8,12 : PRINT"4: HI C SCREEN<br />
DUMP " :GO T0725<br />
370 INPUT/1 1,D, S: CLOSE#1 : IFD >7 AN<br />
D D11 AND D15THEND=23<br />
720 END<br />
725 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$= ""THEN725ELSE<br />
IFK$= "1"THENCLS : EXEC&H1249 : GOT02<br />
30ELSEIFK$= "2"THENGO SUB25 : GOT023<br />
0ELSEIFK$= "3"THENCLS:DIR : PRINT "<br />
PRESS SPACE TO CONTINUE "ELS<br />
EIFK $="4"THENDRI VE0 : RUN "DRIVERHT<br />
"ELSESOUND60 , 3: GOT0230<br />
726 K$=INKEY$ : IFK$= "" THEN 726ELSE<br />
230<br />
820 GOSUB485 :CLS : LOCATE12 ,8: PRIN<br />
T"FILENAME : ";: LINEINPUTF$ : Z$=RI<br />
GHT$(F$ , 2):IFASCCZ$) =58THENDRIVE<br />
VALCRIGHT$(Z$,1)) : F$=LEFT$(F$ , LE<br />
NCF$)-2) : RETURNELSERETURN<br />
7000 IFERLIN=2 33 0THEN2340<br />
70<strong>01</strong> IFERL IN =50T HEN60<br />
NAME" IN2/BIN "TOF$+ " /HR2 " : DRIVEO :<br />
RETURN<br />
170 IFK=21T HENHPUT CU,T)-( W-1 ,T+.<br />
5*D),4 : HPUTCU,T+ . 5*0)-( W-1 , T+D) ,<br />
4 :L=U : GOT065<br />
171 IFK=95 TH ENI=2* H+2 :H PUT(L ,T) <br />
( L+l , T+D) , 1: IFL>W* . 5THENHGETCU, T<br />
) - C W- I - 1 , T +. 5 * D+ . 5) , 6: H PU T ( U+ I , T<br />
) - (W-1,T+ . 5*D+ . 5),6 : HG ETCU,T+ . 5*<br />
D+ 1. 5)- C W-I- 1, T +D) , 6: H PU T ( U+ I , T +<br />
. 5*D+1. 5) - (W -1, T+D) , 6: GOT<strong>01</strong>75<br />
172 IF K=95 THE NHGET CU+I ,T> - CW-1 , T<br />
+ . 5 * D+ . 5 ) , 6 : H PU T ( U , T) - ( W -1 - I , T + .<br />
5 * D+ . 5) , 6: H GET ( U+ I , T +. 5 * D+ 1 . 5) - (<br />
W-1,T+D) , 6: HP UTC U, T+ . 5*D+1 . 5)-(W<br />
- 1 - I , T +D) , 6
A program for timed drills in both<br />
multiplication and division<br />
Time Test<br />
By Mary C. Crooks<br />
ime Test is a new approach to<br />
computer-aided drill on multiplication<br />
and division tables: It is<br />
the way I give my third-grade son twominute<br />
timed tests on the multiplication<br />
or division table he is trying to master.<br />
It duplicates the handwritten test strip<br />
that his teacher gives him in school.<br />
After setting a timer for two minutes, I<br />
give him the strip and a pencil. This testtaking<br />
practice, closely approximating<br />
the actual test, gives him more confidence<br />
than just working on the comput<br />
er using a drill program.<br />
<strong>The</strong> program is short and can be<br />
further shortened by removing the REM<br />
statements (lines I 0 through 29), which<br />
contain credits and explanation. This<br />
saves 548 bytes of memory. As those<br />
REMs state, Time Test creates and sends<br />
to the printer randomly generated<br />
problems testing on the multiplication<br />
or division tables or on a mixture of<br />
Mary Crooks, a busy housewife and<br />
mother of two, has been programming<br />
for about a year and helped to organize<br />
and run the computer center at her sons<br />
elementary school. She holds a degree<br />
in art and enjoys all things creative.<br />
56 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
both (review test).<br />
All you need is a 16 K Extended <strong>Color</strong><br />
BASIC disk or cassette system and print-<br />
Line<br />
30 through I 00<br />
II 0 through 300<br />
340 through 350<br />
390<br />
400 through 430<br />
470<br />
4<strong>80</strong> through 510<br />
550 through 570<br />
610 through 6<strong>80</strong><br />
690 through 750<br />
er. In lines 660 through 670 I use an<br />
Epson MX-<strong>80</strong> to print out the test<br />
strips, utilizing its TAB command to<br />
Function<br />
Reserve memory, dimension array, show title screen<br />
Get keyboard input on chose of test type (Variables X,<br />
A, Y)<br />
Determine type of problem if review (Variable Y)<br />
Specifies multiplication table to test if review (Variable<br />
AA)<br />
Create multiplication problem (Array E$)<br />
Specifies division table to test if review (Variable AA)<br />
Create multiplication problem (Array E$)<br />
Loop counts problems created<br />
Print out problems created (Array E$)<br />
Get keyboard input to end or start again<br />
Table I
was needed for their <strong>TRS</strong>-<strong>80</strong> <strong>Color</strong> Computer.<br />
OS-9 was already established and<br />
running in 68<strong>09</strong> business computers around<br />
the world when it came to CoCo.<br />
In a way, because Microware released<br />
OS-9 for a world of professional programmers<br />
, engineers and developers, it is not<br />
particularly surprising that a dichotomy<br />
resulted - that of the OS-9 users and the<br />
non-OS-9 users.<br />
Over the years, OS-9 and the <strong>Color</strong><br />
Computer have both changed substantially.<br />
Many would say that it is about time some<br />
real applications for OS-9 showed up.<br />
(Actually, as we will discover, the applications<br />
have been there all along; it is more a<br />
problem of who knew about them than a<br />
lack of software). Many say at last we have<br />
some programs running under OS-9 that<br />
make sense and are relatively easy to use.<br />
But there are those who disagree, maintaining<br />
that OS-9 is still too rigorous and<br />
complicated, and that it is designed for the<br />
programmer, not the average user.<br />
Are they right? What makes OS-9 the<br />
most talked-about operating system in the<br />
<strong>Color</strong> Computer Community? What do you<br />
need to run OS-9? In addition to answering<br />
those questions, I'll provide you an extensive<br />
look at applications.<br />
Down to Basics<br />
OS-9 stands for Operating System 9. It<br />
is an operating system, not a language. <strong>The</strong><br />
best way to conceptualize this is that an<br />
operating system gives the computer its<br />
personality-and its arms, legs, eyes, ears<br />
and brain, if you will. It literally tells the<br />
computer what it is, and then connects it to<br />
the outside world, which means you, the<br />
user, and any peripheral equipment, like<br />
printers and disk drives. If you could break<br />
open an operating system to see what makes<br />
it tick, you would see hundreds of short<br />
little programs, all designed to make the<br />
computer store and retrieve information,<br />
organize and sort files, even manage the<br />
system memory.<br />
Without some kind of operating system<br />
under which the applications run, the<br />
computer is nothing but bits of electronic<br />
circuits, metal and plastic. This is where<br />
words you might have come across, like<br />
Kernel, l OMAN, RBFMA N. Pi pe man , tees and<br />
daughter processes, come into play. <strong>The</strong>se<br />
are just a few of the different elements that<br />
make up an operating system like OS-9.<br />
Someone out there is undoubtably saying,<br />
"But you can program in OS-9. Doesn't<br />
that mean it's a language?"<br />
<strong>The</strong> answer to that question is no. OS-9<br />
contains certain commands and utilities<br />
that basically serve to let the user communicate<br />
information within different areas of<br />
the operating system (through a program<br />
called the shell). Programming also refers<br />
to the operating system's command language.<br />
You can program or instruct the<br />
operating system to perform tasks for you<br />
by "talking" to it in its command language.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Art of Mastering OS-9<br />
Mastering any new language, operating<br />
system, sport or musical instrument all<br />
have something in common. <strong>The</strong>y require<br />
study, research, an investment of time for<br />
learning, practice, patience and, above all,<br />
the drive to succeed. OS-9 is no exception.<br />
One reason why OS-9 is so powerful is<br />
its ability to do several tasks simultaneously.<br />
This is called multitasking. In the<br />
world of computers as a whole, this is not so<br />
fantastiC, but for all the CoCo users, this is<br />
quite amazing. OS-9 picks up where the<br />
computer itself leaves off, and not only<br />
gives him or her an ability to do several<br />
tasks simultaneously or concurrently, it<br />
also gives the user the ability to run several<br />
different computers (or terminals) simultaneously.<br />
To some people this may not seem<br />
so important, but for someone who needs to<br />
do several tasks in rapid succession or at the<br />
same time it is extremely important. <strong>The</strong><br />
user who needs to print a document while<br />
editing another or working on a spreadsheet<br />
is a good example. On the CoCo 3,<br />
pressing the SHIFT and BREAK or CTRL-C<br />
keys simultaneously moves a task or procedure<br />
into the background, allowing the user<br />
to continue with another program or job.<br />
Another reason why the operating system<br />
is called powerful is its ability to direct,<br />
redirect and accept files and keyboard input<br />
and output data generated by the computer<br />
to any device the operating system recognizes<br />
(actually, several at once), to derive<br />
<strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong> THE RAINBOW 67
computer-generated data, and use it for<br />
input in another program. This is call ed a<br />
Unified 110 <strong>The</strong>ory. It's a mouthful , but try<br />
and imagine a CoCo as an octopus, with<br />
each arm be ing a printer, modem, keyboard<br />
or screen, hard drive, RAM disk, etc. <strong>The</strong><br />
CoCo interacts with these dev ices simultaneously.<br />
<strong>No</strong>w consider the CoCo running RS<br />
DOS and its own BAS IC language. How<br />
many things can you do at once? Can RS<br />
DOS filter a file to have it completely<br />
changed before being printed or stored on<br />
disk? Can it open eight windows at once?<br />
<strong>No</strong>t li kely. If it can, it cannot perfo rm the<br />
myriad of mul tiprogramm ing tasks OS-9<br />
can. (Few MS-DOS users have reason to be<br />
programming in DOS. MS-DOS, by the<br />
way, is just another D isk Operatin g System,<br />
with a slightly diffe rent orientation<br />
than OS-9, but is remarkably similar in<br />
some respects.)<br />
Actuall y, you need to know very I ittle<br />
about OS-9 to use it extensively. Let's take<br />
a look at some of the differences in OS-9<br />
and what they mean to you, the user.<br />
Years ago, when Rad io Shack in troduced<br />
OS-9 fo r the CoCo, the re was onl y<br />
Level I OS-9. because most of the software<br />
development compute rs and business<br />
computers had only 64K of memory (RAM)<br />
avai !able. New releases of OS-9 were created<br />
by M icro ware as computer tec hnology<br />
progressed. <strong>No</strong>t long after OS-9 Level I<br />
68<br />
T he Kernel: <strong>The</strong> law when it comes to how<br />
things are clone in OS-9. It handles inp ut.<br />
outp ut . memory management - all the bas ic<br />
dec isions nee clecl to keep an operating system<br />
operatin g.<br />
IOMAN : <strong>The</strong> Inp ut/Out put manager. It is<br />
responsible ror traffi c cont ro l, handling all<br />
the req ues ts for inp ut and output from devices<br />
I ike disk dri ves.<br />
Clock: Gives you the time or day. and<br />
handl es all interu pts from the 60-cyc le<br />
powerline to make it seem li ke many things<br />
are happening ar once.<br />
RBF (man): Ma nages all random files and<br />
directory inl"orm ati on on any dev ice rhat<br />
stores informati on in bl ocks of clara .<br />
SC F( man) : Managin g informa tion sent . one<br />
charac ter
74<br />
For the CoCo user, there are really only a few choices when it comes to OS-9, and some of these choices depend on your hardware<br />
setu p; that is, the type of CoCo and peri pheral equipment you have. In fact, if you have a CoCo I or 2, and have 64K of memory, you<br />
are limited to OS-9 Level I.<br />
<strong>The</strong>re are several versions of OS-9 Level l. <strong>The</strong> most widely-known and -u sed by CoCoists are releases 1.00.0 I and 2. 00.0 I. (See<br />
Figure I below for minimum system requirements.) <strong>The</strong> diffe rences between these versions include upgraded graphics capabil ity, hard<br />
drive support, and some " bell s and whistles" that make 0Sr9 Levell a little easier and more convenient to li ve with. In earl y OS-9 clays,<br />
Level I was the only version avail able anywhere for any _computer.<br />
L evel II users must have 128K of RAM to run OS-9, and as you may surmise, this is where the CoCo 3 comes in . <strong>The</strong> CoCo 3 comes<br />
with 128K RAM standard, just enough to support important elements like windows, extended graphics and the M ulti-Vue operating<br />
environment. OS-9 Level II is really "shoe-horned" into the 128K machines, and if you are at all considering becoming a seri ous user,<br />
it is strongly suggested that yo u upgrade to 5 12K. While it is poss ible to operate OS-9 from a single di sk drive, at least one more d ri ve<br />
is strongly suggested for any real use of OS-9 - the bigger the drive the better. If you are making a hobby of OS-9, you will probably<br />
need a hard dri ve before you know it. See Figure I.<br />
Level I Level II Level I Level II<br />
---<br />
Requires 64K RAM YES NOI Confi guration Menu N0 4 YES<br />
Requires 128K RAM NO ,y Es Enhanced Command Set NO YES<br />
Requires CoCo 3 NO YES Self-Booting With<br />
DOS Command YES YES<br />
Supports 7 Windows NO YES<br />
Hi gher Processing Speed NO YES<br />
Utilizes 512K N0 2 YES<br />
Supports 2 Modem Ports N0 4 YES<br />
Advanced Graphics N0 3 YES<br />
Prints at 9600 Baud N0 9 YES<br />
Runs Multi-Vue NO YES<br />
Supports Multiple<br />
One Disk Drive Required YES 8 YES 8 Hi-Res Displays NO YES<br />
Supports Hard Disk N0 4 YES Easy-to-understand<br />
Manuals NO' YES 6<br />
Supports Double-<br />
Sided Disk N0 4 YES Supports Analog<br />
RGB Monitors NO YES 7<br />
Supports 40-Track Disks N0 4 YES<br />
Supports Composite<br />
Supports <strong>80</strong>-Track Drives N0 4 YES Monitors N0 7 YES<br />
Footnotes :<br />
I . OS -9 Level II requires 128K minimum to opera te. 5. Most users wo uld argue that th ese manuals are unders!anclable on ly to a<br />
soft ware engineer with a degree in programmin g. Some might disagree th at<br />
2. Hard ware is available to upg rade to 5 12K. which might then be utili zed the manuals are user-hostile.<br />
by OS-9 in 64K bloc ks.<br />
6. Most use rs agree th at the OS-9 Le ve l l I manuals, while still q ui 1e rigorous,<br />
3. <strong>The</strong>re is some support for advanced graph ics in later versions of OS-9 parti cularl y to the nov ice, are usab le and understandab le to the user, mak ing<br />
Levell such as Levell version 2.00.0 1. T his is limited by th e hard ware or th e manuals to Level II user- understandable, not qui te use r- fri endly.<br />
the CoCo i!Se lf. no1 specifically by OS-9.<br />
7. Hard ware limitati on of CoCo I and 2.<br />
4. Software is available such as SDisk by D.P. Johnson and o1her u1ili1ies<br />
from third pa rt y vendors to suppo rt device dri vers to use other th an sing le- 8. You can run OS-9 on one disk dri ve. but a minimum of two is strongly<br />
sided double-dens i1y 35-lrack dri ves. and other devices such as hard drives. suggested. More serious users will like ly need a hard d ri ve as well.<br />
modem packs, speec h synthesizers. etc. <strong>The</strong>re is some li mited suppon for<br />
more !h an s1anctard support 111 OS-9 Level I Version 2.00.0 I. 9. OS -9 Leve l I Ve rs ion 1.00.0 I prints a1 a maxim um rate of 2400 baud.<br />
0<br />
THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
Figure 1: OS-9 Level I vs. OS-9 Level II
Tandy has ensured this place for the <strong>Color</strong><br />
Computer. <strong>The</strong>y are throwing in all their<br />
support to it, and we know the CoCo will be<br />
around for a long time to come. Of course,<br />
OS-9 users can relax and breathe easier,<br />
because long after the CoCos are gone (if<br />
they ever go), OS-9 wi ll still be there.<br />
A <strong>Rainbow</strong> of <strong>Color</strong>ful Applications<br />
OS-9 is exciting, new, and on the forefront<br />
of what is to come. But what good is<br />
any of that if you can 't get the computer to<br />
work for you? What is needed is the right<br />
tool forthe right job, and with OS-9 you can<br />
be assured of finding exactly what you<br />
need. Word processors, spreadsheets,<br />
communications, databases and high-level<br />
lan guages are all there for the asking.<br />
One of the things that makes OS-9 so<br />
powerful is its ability to use available tools.<br />
That is to say, if someone has already<br />
written a program that plays "<strong>The</strong> Star<br />
Spangled Banner," you do not have to<br />
reinvent the wheel by writing it again for<br />
incorporation into your own patriotic program.<br />
You may be able to utilize the program<br />
like taking a book out of a library.<br />
Another powerful feature ofOS-9 is that<br />
with in a relatively short period of time, a<br />
user can learn how to make his or her own<br />
ideas work with a minimum of programming<br />
effort. For new users, this is not as<br />
important as finding software to get the job<br />
done for you now, not when you have<br />
learned enough to do it yourself.<br />
<strong>The</strong> following is an extensive list of<br />
software applications available to the CoCo<br />
user. <strong>The</strong> list is comprised entirely of products<br />
and companies advertised in THE RAIN<br />
BOW. (Products highly recommended for<br />
new users are preceded by an asterisk.)<br />
Tandy Corporation<br />
OS-9 Levell and OS-9 Level II operating<br />
systems: Tandy has li censed OS-9 from the<br />
original manufacturer, Microware Systems<br />
Corporation. OS-9 runs on 68<strong>09</strong> computers<br />
like the CoCo 1, 2 and 3, and a globespanning<br />
array of other computers, including<br />
the 6<strong>80</strong>00 series computers.<br />
Mufli-Vue: This is an excellent windowing<br />
system designed to take advantage of the<br />
capabilities of OS-9 Level II windows and<br />
the CoCo 3. It has a major shortfall when<br />
used on a 128K system, in that you can keep<br />
only one Lo-Res window open at a time. If<br />
you are serious about Multi-Vue and OS-9,<br />
you must have 5 l2K to get good use of the<br />
program. With a combination of 5 12K RAM<br />
and multiple drives or a hard disk, this is a<br />
great way to use the CoCo to its full poten-<br />
tial, by running a number of different programs<br />
si multaneously in separate windows ·<br />
(see photo below).<br />
OS-9 Development System: This is a series<br />
of software tools, bundled together and<br />
sold as a package called development tools<br />
from Tandy. <strong>The</strong>y are neither the best,<br />
fastest, strongest, nor fullest-featured, but<br />
they can get the job done. <strong>The</strong> system<br />
includes an interactive debugger for testing<br />
programs and accessing the CoCo's memory;<br />
a screen editor (SC RED) for editing text,<br />
but this has too few formatting commands<br />
for use as a serious word processor; and a<br />
Relocating Macro Assembler (RMA), which<br />
functions as a macro assembler and linkage<br />
editor. RMA lets you write, test and then<br />
assemble separate parts of the program.<br />
Utili ties include Mak e, which helps keep<br />
track of programs and files that need to be<br />
updated because of system changes; Touc h,<br />
which updates the modification date of<br />
files; and a virtual disk or RAM disk driver<br />
for high-speed storage in RAM - just<br />
don 't forget to save the information on the<br />
RAM disk before shutting off the system.<br />
Lastly, there is a set of 12 commands for<br />
OS-9 that make life a little easier when programming.<br />
OS-9 Pascal Version 2.0: This high-level,<br />
structured computer language was originally<br />
written to provide simple solutions to<br />
complex problems, and to actually teach<br />
programming. <strong>The</strong> OS-9 version is very<br />
faithful to industry standard, and has a<br />
native source code translator that can run<br />
programs at four to five times the speed of<br />
the compiler using P-code methods. This<br />
version cannot teach you Pascal, but does<br />
include references for learning it. Pascal is<br />
not as popular as C, or some of the other<br />
languages that now make code (programs)<br />
easier to transfer and translate between<br />
computer systems of different types.<br />
OS-9 C Compiler: This is a programmer's<br />
language. It is one of the most popular and<br />
powerful programming languages available<br />
today. It produces programs that are<br />
very easy to move to computer systems of<br />
different types. C works in terrific combination<br />
with the 68<strong>09</strong> (CoCo) and OS-9<br />
(like UNIX), since all three were essentially<br />
made for each other. It is not an<br />
instruction manual, but a reference manual<br />
(not for beginners).<br />
TIS Word, TIS Edit, TIS Spell: This versatile<br />
set of three programs makes a good,<br />
solid word processing trio for everyday<br />
use. <strong>The</strong> heart ofthese three separately sold<br />
programs is TIS Edit (also available under<br />
RS-DOS), which is a screen-editor type<br />
program. Don't expect miracles from this<br />
package, but it can handle the basics well.<br />
Tl S Word is a formatting system that works<br />
on any OS-9 text fi le, a,lthough it is specifically<br />
geared for TIS Edit files. It is a graphically-oriented<br />
program, which shows you<br />
what your printed pages will look like, and<br />
then allows you to print or edit them. It is<br />
interesting, very easy to use, and sophisticated<br />
enough for general purpose everyday<br />
use. TIS Spell also works with any OS-9<br />
text file, and spell-checks it for you. TIS<br />
Spell has a full-featured correction capability<br />
against a 100,000-word master dictionary<br />
and a quick dictionary of more commonly<br />
used words. <strong>The</strong> combination makes<br />
for a relatively fast, effective spell checker.<br />
This program requires a little knowledge<br />
about OS-9 pathnames and command formats.<br />
* DeskMate: This integrated set of programs<br />
for the CoCo 1, 2 or 3 was what all<br />
the rage was about four years ago, when it<br />
was introduced for the CoCo. It was an<br />
instant hit running under OS-9, and turned<br />
the attentions of many users towards OS-9<br />
for the first time. DeskMate is versatile and<br />
easy to learn and use with a mouse and<br />
icons. It has calculator, filer, telecom, text,<br />
paint and spreadsheet programs to work<br />
with. <strong>The</strong>y are all bare bones as far as<br />
programs are concerned, but can make a<br />
good introduction to OS-9, or if your needs<br />
are very simple and straightforward make<br />
for a very easy-to-use little package. Don't<br />
count on any serious text or number crunching<br />
or graphics masterpieces. It does include<br />
an excellent manual, one of the best<br />
for OS-9 applications.<br />
* DeskMate 3: This is a rewrite of Desk<br />
Mate to take advantage of the CoCo 3's<br />
upgraded capabilities.<br />
* Phantomgraph: This package allows the<br />
graphing of data, either input from the<br />
keyboard or from a spreadsheet file (like<br />
DynaCalc). It provides good graphing<br />
capabilities for the CoCo 3, and a good<br />
demonstration of OS-9.<br />
DynaCalc: This is the be all, do all and end<br />
all of OS-9 spreadsheets. Watch out, Lotus<br />
<strong>August</strong><strong>1989</strong> THE RAINBOW 75
1 -2 -3! A comprehensive manual foc uses<br />
on program use, not OS-9. Once the system<br />
is configured and set up correctl y, users<br />
(familiar with spreadsheets) will have no<br />
trouble. <strong>No</strong>vices, be patient, you can learn<br />
thi s more rigorous program wi th some dili <br />
gence. It is a powerful spreadsheet implementation<br />
and well worth obtain ing.<br />
OS-9 Profile: Thi s database management<br />
system is easy to learn and use, parti al<br />
thanks to a well -written manual. It is a<br />
powerful and flexible database management<br />
system for OS-9, li kely to be all the<br />
database most users wi ll ever need. N ine<br />
different types of screen design and numerous<br />
report formats make thi s a versatil e<br />
package.<br />
* Biosphere: A simulation of an ecological<br />
system in a future setting. T hi s is actually a<br />
quite rea li stic, well-designed and elegant<br />
si mulation, with good graphi cs - an excell<br />
ent va lue.<br />
* Korom·s Rift, and Rescue on Fractal us: If<br />
you li ke high-powered graphics, a good<br />
chall enge and fast acti on, these two games<br />
are for you. In Koronis Rift (see photo<br />
above), you are looting hulks full offuturistic<br />
weapons and tools for survival, while<br />
being shot at by nasty guardian saucers. In<br />
Fractalus, you are t1y ing to rescue a clowned<br />
space pi lot in sim ilar peril ous situ ations.<br />
Both are fun arcade-style strategy games,<br />
and are excellent demonstrations of OS-9<br />
Level II (CoCo 3) graphics. Great for beginners,<br />
who want to have fun with OS-9.<br />
* Rogue: Thi s is an im plementation of an<br />
old favorite game. W ith OS-9 Level II<br />
graphi cs it is challenging and enjoyable as<br />
a combin ation maze/dungeon style game.<br />
* Tondv HnmC' Puh/ishC'r: Thi s low-end<br />
desktop pub li shing system from Tandy<br />
would actuall y be very good fo r an introduction<br />
to OS-9 and productivity. Thi s is a<br />
fa irl y simple-to- learn and -use program fo r<br />
creating integrated text and graphi cs<br />
(newsletters) on a page. TH P has a number<br />
of different graphics, fo nts and styles to<br />
work with. It does. however. expect text to<br />
be generated by another editor under OS-9,<br />
76 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
although you can enter text directly into<br />
THP.<br />
<strong>No</strong>te: This is a good sampling of programs<br />
avail able from Tandy, nota complete li st of<br />
OS-9 titles ava il able.<br />
Frank Hogg Laboratory<br />
Scu lptor: <strong>The</strong> most powerful software<br />
system made fo r OS-9. It is a 4GL (Fourth<br />
Generation Language), SQL (System Query<br />
Language) and an appli cati on generator,<br />
database system and programming language.<br />
all ro lled into one. Once you know<br />
it, it is ex tremely easy to use as a programming<br />
language, and you will be abl e to<br />
wri te program in about one-tenth of the<br />
time you could wri te the same thing in C.<br />
Thi s is a very seri ous developme nt system .<br />
It is not for novices. Sculptor runs on a<br />
5 I 2K CoCo 3 with fl oppy dri ves, but a hard<br />
drive is strongly recommended. O n sale for<br />
$ 199.95 ($60 fo r upgrade to Version 1.16).<br />
If you want to pick a language to learn,<br />
Sculptor is it. Programs that run on the<br />
CoCo are directl y transportabl e to PC or<br />
other computers (modified at runtime).<br />
DynaStar/DynaSpe /1: In my opini on, DynaStar<br />
is the best, most seri ous word processor<br />
under OS-9. It is very sim ilar to<br />
Wore/Star in command fo rm at, has pull <br />
down menus and Help screen. A good SOcolu<br />
m n screen (in / w7 or whi chever screen<br />
you want) is easy to insta ll, and you can<br />
format text and use many diverse printers.<br />
Bold, doubl e-strike and unde rline are all<br />
supported with WordStar work-alike<br />
commands. DynaStar ($99.95) has a mail <br />
merge feature, 29 configurable macros, and<br />
edits f il es larger th an memory. <strong>No</strong>w that is<br />
word processing! DynaSpe/1 ($75 or $25<br />
with DynaStar purchase) is a spell checker<br />
fo r DynaStar or any text un der OS-9. It has<br />
a 20,000-word dictionary, which is surpri singly<br />
small , but is genera ll y considered the<br />
best spelling checker fo r the CoCo 3 running<br />
OS-9. Written by Dale Puckett.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Wi::: U nquestionably one of the f inest<br />
OS-9 terminal programs avail abl e. Bill<br />
B rady. the program 's author (a nd ed ito r of<br />
MOTD). is a programming ace when it<br />
comes to OS-9. Thi s program, although<br />
difficul t to install for the nov ice, is most<br />
reward ing in its operation. W indows fo r<br />
dialog, system messages, conference mode,<br />
up/downloads, she ll commands- <strong>The</strong> Wiz<br />
has it all. For the CoCo 3 onl y. $59.95,<br />
incl uding free Wi::Pro d isk.<br />
Inside OS-9 Level II: Thi s authori tative and<br />
compre hensive look inside OS-9 Level II<br />
for the CoCo, by Kevin Darling, is not for<br />
the novice. Thi s 200 plus-page book<br />
($ 19.95), publ ished by FHL, is onl y for<br />
those interested in the bi ts and bytes and<br />
memory registers that actuall y comprise<br />
OS-9 Level II, and how they work to make<br />
the operating system function.<br />
Second City Software<br />
''' Check-<strong>09</strong> M\1 \1 ersion 2.0: T his handy,<br />
easy-to-use, versatile program runs under<br />
Multi-\lue to balance your checkbook. It<br />
works well , is easy to install, and even<br />
inclu des an editor now to enable adjustments<br />
to be made after the fact when needed.<br />
It even incl udes A TM transactions for your<br />
records. Thi s is the first program I have<br />
seen under OS-9 that actually makes doing<br />
financial work fun ($25 .95).<br />
* <strong>The</strong> OS-9 Solution: This easy-to-install<br />
and -run program replaces 20 of the most<br />
commonl y used commands under OS-9<br />
Level I or II. A menu fo rmat a ll ows you to<br />
type onl y the first letter of a command, and<br />
a fil e stack poi nter on the screen points to<br />
the file that the com mand w ill act upon.<br />
Other commands check free d isk space,<br />
format disks, etc. T hi s is a great program<br />
fo r novices because it all ows them to interact<br />
di rectl y with the shell by providing<br />
Help screens and good docume ntation. <strong>The</strong><br />
Solution works under both OS-9 Level I<br />
and Level II, however, in its current release,<br />
some aspects of <strong>The</strong> Solution do not<br />
work under Level II ($24.95).<br />
..<br />
, .. 0 0 • , ' , • } --_ ._ ,_ j ()X X<br />
... _<br />
* Ultimuse Ill (see photo above): Thi s program<br />
is one of the best exam ples I've seen<br />
of what OS-9 Level II can reall y do. <strong>The</strong><br />
program is designed to ed it and play m usic<br />
scores through a MIDI keyboard synthesizer.<br />
It is the only example of a program of<br />
thi s type running under OS-9 th at T have<br />
seen. Ultimuse Ill uses windows and a<br />
mouse for control. <strong>The</strong>re is careful, thorough<br />
documentation, and even a tutori al<br />
fo r the novice user to install the program<br />
quickly and easily. <strong>The</strong> documentation<br />
carefully expl ains all terms, and shows
78<br />
Table 1: Vendors from Microware's OS-9 Sourcebook<br />
Did you think OS-9 was only for the CoCo, and onl y ava il able here at home? Well, think again.<br />
It is also not just the softwa re of which we speak, OS-9 runs on myriads of computer systems, and has numerous versions. <strong>The</strong>re is<br />
OS-9 Level I, II, OS-9/6<strong>80</strong>00, OS-9 Professional, and OS-9 Industri al.<br />
All oft he manu facturers listed under"Hard ware" build OS-9 systems that run exclusively OS-9! Apple computers, the Atari ST series,<br />
even Tandy MS-DOS computers, and any other compatibles can run OS-9 as well , with the installation of a 68<strong>09</strong> or 6<strong>80</strong>00 processor<br />
board. Some computers are designed to run OS-9 and MS-DOS plugs into them, not vice-versa. (For info rmation on the difference<br />
between OS-9 Level II and OS-9 Level I see Figure l.)<br />
Software vendors:<br />
Clearbrook Software Group, Inc.<br />
Box <strong>80</strong>00, Suite 499<br />
Sumas, Washington 98295<br />
604-853-9 11 8<br />
Erina,Seri11a. for system mode debu gging, MSF<br />
(MS-DOS File Transfer) and many other titles<br />
fo r producti vity and soft ware development.<br />
Computer Systems Center<br />
36 Four Seasons Center #332<br />
Chesterfie ld, M I 630 17<br />
3 14-576-5020<br />
DynaCalc fo r OS-9, an excellent , poweJt'ul and<br />
versatile spreadsheet program.<br />
Computer Systems Consultants<br />
1454 Latta La ne N. W.<br />
Conyers, GA 30207<br />
404-483-4570<br />
Super Sleuth. Cmodem, cross assemblers and<br />
debugging simulators fo r app lications, development<br />
and producti vity.<br />
Trend Computer Systems<br />
828-A Dodsworth<br />
Covina, CA 9 1724<br />
8 18-33 1-4 114<br />
CNC: machine shop estimating software.<br />
Specialty Electronics<br />
9<strong>09</strong> <strong>No</strong>rth Cleveland<br />
Eni d. OK 73703<br />
405-233- 1632<br />
Accounrs Pavable.Accoums Receil'able, books.<br />
Southeast Media Div C. P. I.<br />
5900 Cassandra Smith Rd.<br />
Hi xson, TN 37343<br />
6 15-842-4600<br />
Stylograpil/Merge/Spe /1, Sculptor 4GL, Sah·e,<br />
Virtual Terminal, high-level programming languages<br />
and more fo r OS -9.<br />
Plus Five Computer Serv ices<br />
765 Westwood Drive<br />
St. Louis, MO 63 105<br />
3 14-725-9492<br />
MUMPS, a character string manipulation language.<br />
Windrush Micro Systems, Ltd.<br />
Worstead labs<br />
<strong>No</strong>rth Walsham, <strong>No</strong>rfo lk NR28 9SA<br />
England<br />
0692-404086<br />
Screen Editor II I (screen/tex t ediror) and ma ny<br />
other applications.<br />
LLoyd l/0<br />
P.O. Box 3<strong>09</strong>45<br />
Portl and, OR 97230<br />
<strong>80</strong>0-227-3719<br />
CRASMB, CRASMB 16.32 (mnemonic addressing<br />
and mode handling) fo r softwa re development.<br />
THE RAINBOW Augu st <strong>1989</strong><br />
Gimpel Software<br />
3207 Hogarth Lane<br />
Collegevi lle. PA 19426<br />
215-584-426 1<br />
Generic Lint (d iagnostic fac ili ty for the C lan <br />
guage) and other programming too ls.<br />
H. C. Anderson Computer. A/S<br />
Englandsvej 3<strong>80</strong><br />
DK-2770 Kas trup<br />
Denmark<br />
45 1-5:;4-404<br />
Cad FinanceOne (G/L, budgeting, P&L's,etc.).<br />
Hardware Vendors:<br />
AAA Chicago Computer Center<br />
120 Chestnut lane<br />
Wheeling. lL 60<strong>09</strong>0<br />
3 12-459-0450<br />
Elektra-series computers.<br />
Compcontro l B.V.<br />
Stratumsedij k 3 1<br />
Postbus /P.O. Box 193<br />
5600 AD Eindhoven, Holland<br />
3 1-40-1 24955<br />
CCS systems and CC board level CPU, storage,<br />
comm hardware.<br />
Data Comp Div ision C.P.l.<br />
5900 Cassandra Smi th Rd.<br />
H ixson, T N 37343<br />
6 [5-842-4600<br />
Mustang 68K computers.<br />
DEC<br />
8-2-52 Nankohi gas hi<br />
Suminoe-KU, Osaka 559<br />
Japan<br />
0723-37- 11 0 I<br />
SP-series computer fo r software development<br />
and VME (Versa Modul e European) CPU<br />
boards.<br />
EKF Elektroni k GmbH<br />
Weidekamp Str. I A<br />
D-4700 Hamm I<br />
West· Germany<br />
0238 1- 12630<br />
68K computers and board level programmingoriented<br />
prod ucts.<br />
Fairli ght Instrument s<br />
15- 19 Bounda ry Street<br />
R ushcutters Bay, N.S.W 20 11<br />
Australia<br />
(02) 33 1 6333<br />
Fairlight Seri es U CMI for audio and music producti<br />
on.<br />
GESPAC SA<br />
3, Chemin des Aul x<br />
1228 Plan-Les-Ouates. Geneva<br />
Swit zerl and<br />
(22) 713 400<br />
Gescomp software development system and<br />
board level CPUs, 1/0 boards, communications<br />
ports, and more.<br />
H. C. Andersen Computer A/S<br />
Englandsvej 3<strong>80</strong><br />
DK-2770 Kastrup<br />
Denmark<br />
45 I 52 44 04<br />
Dragon 200 OS-9 Level I system.<br />
Matri x<br />
J 203 New Hope Road<br />
Raleigh, N C 27610<br />
(9 19) 833-2000<br />
68<strong>09</strong> and 6<strong>80</strong>00 software developmenr systems<br />
and numerous board level prod ucts.<br />
MJ.l.<br />
Les 3 Fontaines<br />
B.P. 11 0<br />
951 I 0 Cergy Pontoise, France<br />
30 735225<br />
MS-seri es systems and GMl-seri es board level<br />
products.<br />
P EP Modular Computers GmbH<br />
Am Klosterwald 4. 8950 Kaufbeuren<br />
West Germany<br />
0834 1-8 lOOt<br />
68K systems and board level products.<br />
Robcon O Y<br />
P.O. Box 46<br />
SF-0277 J Espoo<br />
Finland<br />
(35<strong>80</strong>) 859 1 I<br />
Board level 68K CPU and l/0 products.<br />
Synt.el Microsystems<br />
Queens Mill Road<br />
Huddersfi elcl HD I 3 PO<br />
England<br />
0484535 10 1<br />
HS6000 Compu ters, board level systems and<br />
controllers.<br />
Windrush Micro Systems<br />
Worstead Labs<br />
<strong>No</strong>rth Walsham, <strong>No</strong>rfolk NR28 9SA<br />
England<br />
0692-404086<br />
Omega computer systems and numerous board<br />
level products.<br />
XYZ Electronics Inc.<br />
RR 12 Box 322<br />
Indianapolis, Indi ana 46236<br />
(3 17) 335-2 128<br />
System 7 Computer for software development,<br />
numerous board levels.<br />
0
any way you choose, and can even completely<br />
generate new fonts. It will do graphics<br />
as well. since the graphics
I Feature<br />
Put another nickel in<br />
<strong>The</strong> Nickelodeon<br />
84 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
By William G. Budenholzer<br />
5 in g along? That's what they wanted<br />
to do. So, after typing a few hundred<br />
OAT A statements, the CoCo was playing<br />
some fam iliar tunes. A touch of CoCo's<br />
colorful low-resolution graphics offered<br />
some visual interest, but it needed more, a<br />
lot more.<br />
[twas difficult to manually compil e the<br />
long li sts of numbers needed for the SOUND<br />
command. It also needed word s. I tried<br />
sav ing notes on tape and the word s were put<br />
on screen to coincide with the notes, but it<br />
wasn't user-friendly. Extended <strong>Color</strong><br />
BAS IC's PLAY command was the inspiration<br />
for a song editor.<br />
<strong>The</strong> graphics develop into a piano resembling<br />
an old upright, with space for the<br />
words, as in a player piano. A one-line<br />
routine centers the words in this space. <strong>The</strong><br />
editor has two modes of operation, the first<br />
mode allows direct entry of the words and<br />
notes using Extended BASIC's PL AY elements.<br />
<strong>The</strong> second mode al lows you to use<br />
the computer's keyboard as a one octave<br />
musical keyboard. Both modes support<br />
vari ous editor functions such as Insert and<br />
Delete.<br />
Overture<br />
To more easil y explain how to use the<br />
editor, first key in the program, then save<br />
and run it. When the mai n menu appears,<br />
press BREAK and type N=30 : GOT0600 . <strong>The</strong>n<br />
press ENTER. This should return you to the<br />
main menu.
,3<strong>80</strong>,490 ,460,470 : IFIN THEN340ELS<br />
E330<br />
230 REM*****INSERT<br />
240 PRINT : INPUT "ENTER LINE #" ;LN<br />
: IFLN=0 THENRETURNELSEFORI=N+1 T<br />
OLN STEP-l :S$(I)=S$(I- 1) : W$(I)=W<br />
$(I-1) : NEXT : N=N+l : INPUT "NOTE , WO<br />
RD " ;S$( LN) , W$( LN) : RE TUR N<br />
250 IN=1 : PRINT : INPUT "ENTER LINE<br />
#"; LN : IFLN=0 THENRETURN<br />
260 FORI=N+1 TOLN STEP-1:S$(I)=S<br />
$ ( I -1 ) : W $ ( I ) =W $('I -1 ) : NEXT : N=N+ 1 :<br />
TN=N :N =L N: GOSUB340 : GOSUB 1<strong>80</strong> :I N=0<br />
: N=TN:RETURN<br />
270 REM*****CHECK<br />
2<strong>80</strong> PRINT : PLAY "V3 1L202T2 ": FORI=1<br />
TON- 1 : P R INTI ; : PRINTS$ ( I ) , W $(I ) :<br />
PLAYS$( I) : NEXT : RET UR N<br />
290 REM*****NE W SONG<br />
300 PRINT : PLAY "L202T2 ": N=1 :0=2 : L<br />
=2 :S$(1) ="": W$(l) ="": RETURN<br />
310 REM*****KEYBOARD EDITOR<br />
320 CLS : POKE282 ,0<br />
330 GOSUB340 : GOT0330<br />
340 F=0 : PRINTN ;" L"L;" O"O:" ?";: GO<br />
SUB510 :I FA$ =" L" THENF=6ELSEIFA$=<br />
"0" THENF=5ELSEIFA$="I" THENF=1E<br />
LSEIFA$ =" 0" THENF=2ELSEIFA$= "C"<br />
THENF=3ELSEIFA$= "N" THE NF=4ELSE I<br />
FA$ ="E" THENF=7ELSEIFA$= "P" THE N<br />
F=8ELSEIFA$= "T" THENF=9<br />
350 IFF THEN220E LSEIFAS< "a" THEN<br />
PRINT : RETURNELSES$=N$(K(ASC(A$)-<br />
96)) : IFS$="" THENPRINT : RETUR NELS<br />
ES$(N)=T$+L$+0$+S$ :P RINTC HR$(8) :<br />
S$(N); : PLAYS$(N) : L$= "" :0$="":T$=<br />
360 INPUT " WORD "; W$(N) : N=N+1:RET<br />
URN<br />
370 REM***** ' L'<br />
3<strong>80</strong> PRINTCHR$(8) ; "L"; : GOS UB510 : I<br />
FA$= "+" THENIFL=1 THENL=2ELSEL=L<br />
*2<br />
390 IFA$= "=" THENIFL>1 THENL= L/2<br />
ELSEL=1<br />
400 IFL>16 THE NL=16<br />
410 L$= " L "+STR$ ( L) : PRI NTL : RET URN<br />
420 PRINTCHR$(8) : "0"; : GOSUB510 : I<br />
FA$= "+" THEN0=0+1 : IF0>5 THENO=S<br />
430 IFA$= "=" THENO=O-l : IF0
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•
I Software<br />
CoCo 3<br />
King's Quest III-<br />
An Animated Adventure Extravaganza<br />
First, the bad news: King's Quest Ill<br />
requires 512K. <strong>No</strong>w that that's out of the<br />
way, let's get to the good stuff! King's<br />
Quest Ill from Sierra On-Line is a graphics<br />
Adventure game that is certain to knock<br />
your socks off! As Gwydion, you are a<br />
young slave boy seeking to free yourself<br />
from the evil wizard Manannan and discover<br />
your true destiny. Along the way you<br />
must battle giant spiders, fmd magical items,<br />
weave spells and defend yourself from a<br />
host of dangerous people and critters.<br />
<strong>No</strong>w this might not sound like anything<br />
new. After all, Adventures have been around<br />
for years. What makes this one so special?<br />
Let's take a look.<br />
<strong>The</strong> graphics in King's Quest Ill are as<br />
90 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
breathtaking as they are extensive. Each<br />
screen conveys not only the contents of<br />
interest in solving the game, but an entire<br />
mood appropriate to the setting. From the<br />
lavishly ornate wizard's bedroom to the<br />
shabby robber's hideout, from the dank<br />
cave of the oracle to the sparkling streams<br />
and waterfalls of the countryside, the meticulous<br />
attention to color and detail succeeds<br />
in drawing you right into the story.<br />
You can almost feel the cool grass of the<br />
forest and the parched sands of the desert.<br />
<strong>The</strong> already excellent graphics are further<br />
enhanced by animation. <strong>The</strong> water in<br />
the waterfall actually falls! Birds and chipmunks<br />
move in the trees, the dog wags its<br />
tail, and the shopkeeper dusts his shelves.<br />
Gwydion, of course, also moves throughout<br />
the story, directed either by arrow keys<br />
or joystick. Some scenes even require a<br />
strong dose of video game skills in order to<br />
maneuver past deadly obstacles.<br />
In many games extensive graphics have<br />
also meant a skimpy game scenario. <strong>The</strong><br />
big advantage of text-only Adventures used<br />
to be their greater complexity and scope. In<br />
King's Quest Ill, though, there are four<br />
major settings: the wizard's house, the<br />
countryside ofL!ewdor, the pirate ship and<br />
the kingdom of Daventry. Each is fraught<br />
with puzzles and perils easily the equal of<br />
other entire games I have played.<br />
Humor is another ingredient no decent<br />
Adventure should be without. But while<br />
some games play everything for·laughs and<br />
get old quickly, King's Quest Ill is delightfully<br />
effective in using humor often enough<br />
to keep the game funny without smothering<br />
you in dumb gags. <strong>The</strong>re is also a nice blend<br />
of visual and descriptive humor. Being<br />
thrown out of the Three Bears' house by
looks at two spec ial moves. castlin g and en<br />
passam capture.<br />
<strong>The</strong> nex t lesson is somewhat more cletai<br />
led. covering chess notati on (fo r record<br />
keeping). demonstrated with ac tual onscreen<br />
moves.<br />
<strong>The</strong> desired resul t. winning. is the aim of<br />
the game as presented in Lesson 4.<br />
An aside: Chess is ve ry often referred to<br />
as a battl e. the board as a batt leground and<br />
the pieces as so ldiers in an army. Hi story<br />
shows that many famous mili tary commanders<br />
and tac ti cians were av id chess<br />
players. <strong>The</strong> development of the game spans<br />
several ce nturies .<br />
Back to the lesson at hand. Lessons 5. 6<br />
and 7 disc uss in some detail. aga in with<br />
grap hi c examp les, va ri ous moves in what<br />
may be descri bed as the openin g, mi cl clle<br />
and clos ing phases of th e ga me. In each<br />
case. we ll -known ploys are give n. Learn to<br />
try out the Sicili an Defense. the Skewe r<br />
Attack and ways to check mate or to at least<br />
sta lemate if yo u are. peri sh the thought,<br />
los ing.<br />
By the time you have studied these<br />
lessons. maybe with a reference manu al<br />
and chessboard at yo ur side. yo u shoul d be<br />
ab le to play yo ur first ga me with either a<br />
hum an opponent or an electroni c one.<br />
Program operation is simple and straightfo<br />
rward . <strong>The</strong>re is no manu al to cling to<br />
becau se th e program is all menu -d ri ven<br />
with onscree n tex t in large. easy-to- read<br />
characters. regardless of monitor type.<br />
I have viewed Chess Made Easy with a·<br />
TV and a Hi-Res monitor capab le of composite.<br />
RGB and monochrome green modes.<br />
It looks good in all modes. even with the<br />
arti fac ts fo und on the telev ision, th ough the<br />
hi gh resolu tion te nds to crowd the graphics<br />
close to the left side of the TV.<br />
A little "quirk" was noted in operati on.<br />
however. that depends on what viewing<br />
mode yo u are in . When you choose a lesson<br />
nu mber. yo u are prompted fo r the type of<br />
monitor. to press C fo r compos ite moni to r/<br />
TV orR fo r RGB.<br />
When C is selected and a lesson is<br />
finished. the program loo ps back to the<br />
main menu; no problem. However. when R<br />
is selected and the lesson compl eted. the<br />
program seems to start a retu rn to the main<br />
menu . bu t then locks up on a bl ank sc reen.<br />
<strong>No</strong> real problem here either if yo u don't<br />
mind enterin g RUN " CHESS . BAS " aga in .<br />
Also, yo u ca n sim ply type and enter any<br />
des ired lessons such as LOAD " LESSON2 " ,<br />
then run , without go ing through the me nu s.<br />
I fo un d CoCo Chess/Ware's program<br />
infom1ati ve, helpful' and quite user-friendly<br />
with a very nominal cos t.<br />
It defi nitely has to improve my standing<br />
in the chess world , wh ich is th at of an<br />
unknown with ranking somewhere between<br />
94 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
never hav ing beaten my sons-in-law and<br />
gloatin g over a coupl e of easy-level computer<br />
chess game win s. Chess Made Easy,<br />
where were yo u when I needed you?<br />
(A ftamonow Soft wa re, 46 Howe St., Milford,<br />
CT 06460, 203-878-3602; $20)<br />
-Jim Franklin<br />
'-s-' coco 1. 2 & 3 I<br />
u <strong>01</strong>-t-w-a-re----'------'<br />
Disk Doctor<br />
Blocking Out<br />
the Bad Sectors<br />
Disk Docror is a disk repair utili ty that<br />
run s with Hyper-I/O on yo ur CoCo I, 2 or<br />
3. requiring at least 64 K of RAM . It is<br />
wri tten in BAS IC and mac hine language and<br />
run s with th e co mm and RU N " DO CT OR " after<br />
Hvper-110 has been loaded. Disk DoC/or is<br />
used to locate and block out defecti ve sectors<br />
on your hard dri ve as we ll as on your<br />
fl oppy disks. We all have experi enced<br />
defec ti ve disks and I/0 errors. Disk Doctor<br />
serves as an effective too l to prevent such<br />
errors. and it is easy to use.<br />
<strong>The</strong> program starts by presenting a colorful<br />
titl e page and then prompting the user<br />
to enter the dev ice name of the di sk to be<br />
checked. If yo u wa nted to check one of<br />
Hyper-I/O's Mass Storage Areas, you would<br />
enter I HOI A. where A is one of the MSAs to<br />
be checked. To check a floppy. yo u wo uld<br />
just enter /DO . <strong>The</strong> computerbeginschecking<br />
all of the sec tors of the spec ified dev ice,<br />
displ ay ing the current track num ber so yo u<br />
know at a glance what the computer is<br />
do ing. lf it finds a defecti ve sector, the<br />
track. sector and granul e are shown onsc<br />
reen.<br />
Because Disk Doctor onl y read s the disk<br />
when checking fo r sector errors. it can be<br />
used on any disks- including th ose with<br />
data on them - but it ca nnot check a disk<br />
that has not been fo rm atted. Once the disk<br />
test is compl ete, yo u are given the option of<br />
blocking out any defecti ve sectors fo un d.<br />
This is clone by mak ing the granul es that<br />
relate to the defective secto rs in the GAT<br />
(Granul e All ocation Ta ble) appear to be<br />
full. Thi s meth od prevents bl ocked-out<br />
secto rs from be ing wri tten to in the future,<br />
and so prevents disk cras hes and flO errors.<br />
As eac h sector is processed yo u wi II see<br />
the granul e num ber followed by one of<br />
three messages:<br />
I. Blocked Out - thi s means that the<br />
program has successfull y blocked out the<br />
defec ti ve sector as we ll as its related granule<br />
on the di sk.<br />
2. Already in Use- thi s means th at the<br />
granul e containing the defective sector<br />
already has data wri tte n in it and, as a result.<br />
cann ot be blocked out.<br />
3. Directory Error - thi s means that<br />
Track 17 has a bad sector and th e compute r<br />
can't block it out. Some salvage proced ures<br />
are desc ri bed in Disk Doctor' s three-page<br />
manu al.<br />
If you I ike, yo u can even generate a hard<br />
copy of the test res ults for each disk checked.<br />
Thi s printout includes the defec ti ve track ,<br />
sector and granule as well as the elate checked<br />
and th e disk name- a handy record that<br />
can be kept fo r reference.<br />
Disk Doctor is a we lcome utility, especiall<br />
y for hard dri ve users with Hyper-I/O.<br />
It does its job quick ly and eas il y and is very<br />
reasonabl y pri ced. Besides, anyone who<br />
li ves in Cocoa Beach must know what he's<br />
doing.<br />
(KB Enterprises, 435 Brightwa ters Dri ve,<br />
Cocoa Beach, FL 32931 , 407-799-3253; $17.95<br />
plus $ 1.50 S/1-1)<br />
- Robert Gray<br />
LHa-fdwa-re------'<br />
HD-1-<br />
Feature-Packed<br />
Hard Drive<br />
Howard Med ical has a package deal for<br />
you if yo u're in the market fo r a hard drive<br />
for yo ur CoCo. Wi th the pri ce of hard<br />
dri ves continuall y com ing clow n, it's a good<br />
time to evalu ate the possibili ty of add ing a<br />
hard dri ve to your CoCo setu p. <strong>The</strong> package<br />
I received consisted of a Seagate ST-<br />
225 20-Meg half-height hard dri ve housed<br />
in a case with power suppl y and fan.<br />
Also included was the XT-RTC hard<br />
dri ve interface made by Burke & Burke.<br />
"RTC" refers to an on- board, quartz crystal,<br />
controlled real- ti me lithium battery<br />
back up clock, whi ch is optiona l. <strong>The</strong> term<br />
"XT" refers to the PC compatibility of the<br />
hard dri ve as we ll as the in terface board.<br />
This fea ture alone, in my opini on, makes<br />
the package an attrac ti ve deal. If yo u were<br />
ever to purchase an MS -DOS compatible<br />
such as a Tandy I 000, you wo uld already<br />
ow n a hard dri ve and interface card th at<br />
plugs directly into it.<br />
<strong>The</strong> XT board plugs in to the CoCo interface<br />
board, and these two boards are housed
difficulty. Even at the lowest level, I had<br />
trouble and pushed my troops too hard. It's<br />
a good thing that thi s is only a game, or I'm<br />
afraid that the good old United States of<br />
America would be populated with lots of<br />
red flags!<br />
(SPORTSware, 1251 S. Reynolds Road, Suite<br />
414, Toledo, OH 43615, 419-389-1515; $21)<br />
1 Software<br />
Nine-Times<br />
An On-Disk<br />
OS-9 Magazine<br />
-David Miller<br />
OS-9 Level II I<br />
OS-9 enthusiasts will be interested to<br />
know that there's a new magazine on disk<br />
devoted to the OS-9 operating system. It's<br />
called Nine-Times, and it's published six<br />
times a year. <strong>The</strong> magazine requires the use<br />
of a CoCo 3, l28K or 512K RAM, and OS-<br />
9 Level II. A joystick or mouse is recommended,<br />
but the program will work with<br />
the keyboard arrow keys using information<br />
provided in the four-page printed<br />
instructions. Nine-Times can also be installed<br />
onto a hard drive if you have one.<br />
Running the magazine is fairly straightforward,<br />
assuming you have some operating<br />
knowledge of OS-9 Level II. 512K<br />
users will find it a lot easier than will l28K<br />
users, who must go through several steps to<br />
make room for Nine-Times.<br />
If you have 512K, all you have to do for<br />
starters is merge the STDFonts and STDPt rs<br />
files contained in the SY S directory on your<br />
OS-9 master disk. You will also have to<br />
load the RunB, SY sea ll and In key modules<br />
from the CMOS directory of your BAS IC<strong>09</strong><br />
config disk. <strong>The</strong>n after loading in any of the<br />
window screens other than the standard 32column<br />
screen, you enter at the prompt:<br />
OS9 : mag. After a few seconds the colorful<br />
Hi-Res main screen of Nine-Times appears.<br />
Nine-Times uses the familiar point-andshoot<br />
technique for selection of its options:<br />
Print Files, Departments, Articles and<br />
Programs. Each selection results in a pulldown<br />
menu with a list of various options<br />
avail able. Selecting Print Files lets you<br />
send text files to a printer if you have one<br />
hooked up. Departments has several files<br />
that tell you all about advertising rates in<br />
the magazine, subscription information,<br />
ordering back issues and similar information.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Articles selection contains various<br />
newsworth y items of interest, as well<br />
as tutorial programming examples. This is<br />
also the section of the magazine in which<br />
98 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
you will find editori al comments. Selecting<br />
Programs results in a li stin g of programs<br />
available in that iss ue of the magazine.<br />
Making a selecti on of a program li sted<br />
gives you a preview of what the program<br />
does and how to execute it, but you have to<br />
run the program outside of the Nin e-Times<br />
magazine environment. I think it would be<br />
a nice feature to be able to run the programs<br />
from within the magazine framework, but,<br />
as it is, you can ex it the magazine to get<br />
back to the OS-9 prompt. Because Nine<br />
Times is memory-resident, you can simply<br />
type r unb ma gaz ine to get back into the<br />
magazine environment. <strong>The</strong> rev iew iss ue<br />
contained an assortment of l 0 ready-to-run<br />
OS-9 utility programs. <strong>The</strong>y all worked<br />
fine and are currently enjoying a spot on my<br />
hard drive.<br />
Nine- Times is just the kind of software<br />
the OS-9 community needs. If OS-9 is to<br />
become a more popular operating environment,<br />
then it must also lend itself to becoming<br />
a little more user-friendly. Nine-Times<br />
is certainly that. <strong>The</strong> on-disk magazine is a<br />
nice idea, and editor Jordan Tsvetkoff is to<br />
be commended for such a well-designed<br />
program.<br />
(JWT Enterprises, 5755 Lockwood Blvd.,<br />
Youngstown, OH 44512, 216-758-7694;<br />
$34.95 per year for six issues)<br />
-Jerry Semones<br />
1 Softwar-e·--_c_oc_o --'-- 1, _2 &_3_,1<br />
Roots-<br />
<strong>The</strong> Basics of<br />
Assem.bly Language<br />
One of the things that keeps most people<br />
from programming in assembly language<br />
is the amount of work it takes to do very<br />
simple tasks. To print "he ll o" on the screen<br />
in BASIC, one merely types PR IN T " HELLO " .<br />
In assembly language, doing the same thing<br />
requires many lines of code. That's why<br />
GSW Software has written Roots. Roots is<br />
an assembly language source code file that<br />
contains over I 00 routines that take care of<br />
everything from disk and cassette I/0 to<br />
reading the joystick ports to clearing the<br />
screen. Most of the routines will work on<br />
any <strong>Color</strong> Computer, but some will work<br />
only on the CoCo 3.<br />
Roots comes on a di sk that contains two<br />
files, ROOTS.ASM and FONT . DAT . <strong>The</strong> file<br />
ROOTS. ASM is an ASCII file containing the<br />
assembly source code. FONT . DA T is a font<br />
file containing a font for printing text on<br />
hi gh-resolution graphics screens. <strong>The</strong>oretically,<br />
the programmer who wants to use<br />
some of the routines from Roots just puts a<br />
line in his program that instructs hi s assembler<br />
to include the ROOTS . ASM source code.<br />
<strong>The</strong>n whenever he wants to use one of the<br />
routines, he sets up the required conditions<br />
and calls the routine with a J SR routine. For<br />
instance, to clear the CoCo 2 text screen to<br />
black, the following two lines are required:<br />
L DA ItO<br />
JSR CLSA<br />
When I program , I use th e C compile r<br />
and RMA under OS-9. However, before I<br />
purchased OS-9, I used <strong>Color</strong> Disk EDTASM<br />
for my assembly language programming.<br />
So, I pulled it off the shelf and shook off the<br />
dust. EDTASM would not load or include<br />
ROOT S. ASM. Every time I tri ed to load it I<br />
would get a bad line number error. I booted<br />
OS-9 and did some checking. As I mentioned<br />
earlier, ROOTS. ASM is a straight ASCII<br />
file. EDTASM has its lines strictly formatted<br />
with line numbers and tab characters.<br />
After deciphering EDTASM's file format, I<br />
wrote a program to convert ROOTS . ASM to<br />
an EDTASM file. Once this was done, the<br />
file loaded and assembled perfectly. I then<br />
set out to write some programs.<br />
I have a natural bent toward graphics, so<br />
I attempted to write a graphics program .<br />
Almost immediately I had problems. It<br />
seems to me that many of the CoCo 3<br />
graphics routines were written specificall y<br />
for a 128K CoCo. Since my CoCo has<br />
512K, this caused problems. <strong>The</strong> routines<br />
would not allow me to set up the graphi cs<br />
screens where I wanted them, and would<br />
only clear them if they were within the 64K<br />
address space of the program. From my<br />
examination of the code, I believe they<br />
would work in 128K, but I had to modify<br />
them so they would do what I wanted them<br />
to do. <strong>The</strong> other routines I tried worked<br />
fine. <strong>The</strong> manual documents them quite<br />
well, so any programmer should be able to<br />
change things to suit hi s own tastes.<br />
I found Roots to be a well-designed<br />
package. <strong>The</strong> 35-page manual provides<br />
complete descriptions of all the routines<br />
and variables used in the source code file,<br />
and also instructions for calling them. I<br />
recommend that the author include an<br />
EDTASM version of the file because I'm<br />
sure many people still use it. Also, the<br />
routines such as LPEEK, LPOKE , LPUT, LGET ,<br />
etc. , should be generali zed to 512K. Aside<br />
from these criticisms, I thought Roots was<br />
very helpful and a great timesaver. If you<br />
plan to program in assembly under Disk<br />
BASIC, this is for you.<br />
(GSW Software, 8345 Glenwood, Overland<br />
Park, KS 66212, 913-341-3411; $25)<br />
-Robert L. Marsa
<strong>The</strong> following products have recently been received by THE RAINBOW, examined<br />
by our magazine staff and issued the <strong>Rainbow</strong> Seal of Certification, your assurance<br />
that we have seen the product and have ascertained that it is what it purports to be.<br />
4-D Chess, a 3-D chess game with a time<br />
element. Users can "time out" their pieces for<br />
strategic effect. Comes on disk for the CoCo 3.<br />
Microcom Software. 2900 Monroe Ave .. Rochester,<br />
NY 14618, (<strong>80</strong>0) 654-5244; $24.95 plus<br />
$3 SIH.<br />
CAR, the "Computerized Auto Record," a program<br />
that sets up a disk file for keeping track of<br />
automobile maintenance and costs. It reminds<br />
users when to change the oil, and rotate the tires,<br />
etc. Requires a CoCo I, 2 or 3 with at least 64K<br />
ECB. E.Z. Friendly, 118 C<strong>01</strong>·/ies Ave ..<br />
Poughkeepsie. NY 126<strong>01</strong> . (9 14) 485-8150; $9.95<br />
plus $1.50 Sl H.<br />
CEBBS, a "CoCo Electronic Bulletin Board<br />
System" that runs on a CoCo 3, requiring an RS-<br />
232 pack, a Multi-Pak or Y -cable, at least one<br />
disk drive, and an auto-answer modem with a<br />
DTR lead. Features compatibility with Hyper-//<br />
0 and includes a 45-page manual. KB Enterprises,<br />
435 Brightwaters Drive. Cocoa Beach,<br />
FL32931, (407) 799-3253; $59.95 plus $/.50S!<br />
H. Also distributed by Microcom Software.<br />
<strong>Color</strong> Schematic Designer, an interactive schematics/CAD<br />
program for the CoCo 3 that features<br />
a workspace larger than the screen, pulldown<br />
menus, three circuit layers and three fonts.<br />
Requires a CoCo 3 and a disk drive. Microcom<br />
Software. 2900 Monroe Ave .. Rochester, NY<br />
14618. (<strong>80</strong>0) 654-5244; $39.95 plus $3 SIH.<br />
Donut Dilemma, an arcade game rewritten to<br />
support the CoCo 3. <strong>The</strong> player must fend off<br />
menacing, bouncing donuts and travel up<br />
through I 0 bakery levels to throw the switch on<br />
"Antonio's Donut Factory." On disk for CoCos<br />
I, 2 and 3. Game Point Soft'>vare. P.O. Box<br />
6907. Burbank. CA 91510, (818) 566-3571.<br />
$ 19 .95.<br />
Extended ADOS-3, a CoCo 3 enhanced DOS<br />
that shares space with ADOS-3 in a !6K EPROM<br />
and adds the following: a 512K RAM disk; a<br />
menu utility for file execution; wildcard COPY<br />
and KILL commands; file dating; key repeat;<br />
block move/copy of BASIC lines; text screen<br />
dumps and more. For 128K/512K CoCo 3s with<br />
ADOS-3. SpectroSystems, !Ill/ N. Kendall<br />
Drive .. Miami, FL 33176. (305) 274-3899;<br />
$39.95 for disk, $64.95 with ADOS-3, $2 SIH.<br />
Font/Icon Editors, a utility disk of icon and<br />
font ed itors for Cer-Comp's Wi1idow software.<br />
Includes JconEdir (for creation and editing of<br />
icons - comes with a set of 16 icons) and<br />
F ontEdit (for creating and editing character<br />
fonts). Comes on disk for the CoCo 3. Requires<br />
Window Master. Cer-Comp, 5566 Ricochet Ave.,<br />
Las Vegas, NV 89110, (702) 452-0632; $19.95<br />
plus $3 S!H.<br />
KJV on Disk #39, the books of James, I Peter,<br />
II Peter, and I, II and III John of the King James<br />
version of the Bible on disk in ASCII files for the<br />
CoCo I, 2 and3. BDS Software. P.O. Box485,<br />
Glenview, IL 60025, (312) 998-1656; $3 SIH.<br />
Master DIR, a directory database program that<br />
lets the user create a master directory file of over<br />
2200 disk directories from as many as 250 disks.<br />
Requires a CoCo 3 and a disk drive.<br />
SPORTSware, 1251 S. Reynolds Road, Suite<br />
414, Toledo. OH 43615, (419) 389-1515; $18.<br />
MC-1 Mini Controller, a floppy disk controller<br />
that works on CoCos I, 2 and 3 with or<br />
without a Multi-Pak. Features a 24/28-pin socket,<br />
a switch for selecting between DOSs if a DOS<br />
pin is installed, and gold-plated edge connectors.<br />
C.R .C. Computers, 11 Boul. des Laurentides.<br />
Laval. Quebec, Canada H7G 2S3, (514) 967-<br />
<strong>01</strong>95; $75.<br />
Omni Utility 2.0, an update of the disk utility<br />
featuring support for multiple drives, capability<br />
for backing up a section of a disk as opposed to<br />
a whole disk at a time, and the ability to compare<br />
two files to see if they are exact duplicates. On<br />
disk for the CoCo 3. GSW Software, 8345 Glenwood,<br />
Overland Park, KS 66212, (9 13) 341-<br />
3411; $20.<br />
Revenge of the Mutant Miners, a version of<br />
the Mutant Miners arcade game written for the<br />
CoCo 3 and a disk drive; joystick required.<br />
Players travel up I 0 levels of mines, using<br />
ladders, transporters and springboards, avoiding<br />
mutants all the while.JR &.IR Softstuff, P.O.<br />
Box 118, Lompoc. CA 93438, (<strong>80</strong>5) 735-3889;<br />
$19.95 plus $3 SIH.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Seventh Link, an epic Adventure in which<br />
the player must guide a party of travellers as they<br />
try to save their homeworld of Elira from destruction.<br />
Features scrolling-screen graphics,<br />
dungeons, sea journeys and battles with monsters.<br />
On disk for the CoCo 3. Oblique Triad, 32<br />
Church St. , Georgetown, Ontario, Canada L7G<br />
2A7, (416) 877-8149; $38 U.S., $48 Cdn.<br />
Slots & Cards, a computerized trip to the gaming<br />
tables of Vegas. Players can try their luck at five<br />
slot machines, four video card games (including<br />
Blackjack and Five-Card Draw) and keno.<br />
Features color graphics and comes in a threedisk<br />
set for CoCos I, 2 and 3. MichTron, 576 S.<br />
Telegraph, Pontiac, M/4<strong>80</strong>53, (313 )334-5700;<br />
$39.95.<br />
Snake Pit, a one- or two-player "wormy"-type<br />
game on disk for CoCos I, 2 and 3. Players try<br />
to block off each other's snake without running<br />
into walls or snake bodies. Game Point Software,<br />
P.O. Box 6907, Burbank, CA 91510,<br />
(818) 566-3571; $19.95.<br />
• SofScrn, an ML text enhancement utility<br />
(40- and SO-column) that lets users design nondestructive<br />
text screens, offering control of the<br />
destructive carriage return and cursor. Users can<br />
print to or erase from screen without clearing<br />
other data. On disk for the CoCo 3. W. Lee<br />
Pearson, P.O. Box 2319, Owensboro, KY 42302,<br />
(502) 684-56<strong>80</strong>; $14.95 plus $2.50 S!H.<br />
Window Master V.2.21, an upgrade of a windowing<br />
environment under Disk BASIC. Features<br />
include support for multiple fonts and up to<br />
31 windows. New features include a revamped<br />
calendar program, graphics demos, and a configuration<br />
program. Requires a 128K or 5l2K<br />
CoCo 3, a disk drive, a Hi-Res Interface, and a<br />
joystick or a mouse. Cer-Comp, Ltd., 5566<br />
Ricochet Ave.,Las Vegas,NV 89110, (702)452-<br />
0632; $69.95 plus $3 SIH.<br />
• First product received from this company<br />
<strong>The</strong> Seal of Cert(fication is open to all manufacturers of products for the Tandy<br />
<strong>Color</strong> Computer, regardless of whether they advertise in THE RAINBOW.<br />
By awarding a Seal, the magazine certifies the program does exist- that we have<br />
examined it and have a sample copy- but this does not constitute any guarantee<br />
of satisfaction. As soon as possible, these hardware or software items will be<br />
forwarded to THE RAINBOW reviewers for evaluation.<br />
-Lauren Willoughby<br />
<strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong> THE RAINBOW 99
VIDE 0 DIGITIZER<br />
T<br />
he Rascon Video Digitizer is a stateof-the-art<br />
image processing system<br />
designed to take advantage of your<br />
<strong>Color</strong> Computer 3's graphic capabilities.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Rascon Video Digitizer connects<br />
easily to any color or black & white video<br />
camera, video recorder or video disc<br />
player and captures images with<br />
precision accuracy.<br />
Why settle for a 256 x 256 image area<br />
when the <strong>Color</strong> Computer can display so<br />
much more? We asked that question<br />
ourselves. Our only answer was to provide<br />
an image area of 640 x 200 and<br />
320 x 200! Say good -bye to those<br />
useless !a-resolution images created by<br />
other digitizers on the market.<br />
Life is not simply black & white, that's why<br />
we added living color to our Digitizer.<br />
<strong>No</strong>w, through the use of advanced<br />
programming techniques, 512K <strong>Color</strong><br />
Computer 3 owners can capture images<br />
from their video camera and display<br />
them in 4<strong>09</strong>6 Super Hi -Resolution<br />
graphics!<br />
FEATURES<br />
Support of 640 x 200 16 Level Grey Images<br />
Support of 640 x 200 4 Level Grey Images<br />
Support of 320 x 200 16 <strong>Color</strong> Images<br />
Support of 4<strong>09</strong>6 Hi-Res <strong>Color</strong> Graphics in 512K mode<br />
Support of Multiple Image Buffers in 512K mode<br />
Control of Contrast & Brightness via Control Knobs<br />
found on Digitizer<br />
Professional. Easy to Use Pop-Up Menu System<br />
Designed Exclusively to Take Advantage of the power<br />
of the <strong>Color</strong> Computer Ill<br />
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Listing 1: ECB Interest Program<br />
100 ' CALCULATE INTEREST IN ECB<br />
110 IN=(18 . 4/12l/100<br />
120 INPUT " LOAN AMOU NT:"; PR<br />
130 PRINT " MD INTR TO PRIN BALAN<br />
CE "<br />
140 PRINT<br />
!50 FOR I=1 TO 24<br />
160 CI=PR*IN<br />
PR=PR+IN-150<br />
1<strong>80</strong> PRINT USING "## ## .# #### .##<br />
iNNNt . !Nt " ; I , C I , 1 50 · C I . P R<br />
190 NEXT<br />
Listing 2: Bubble Sort in ECB<br />
100 ' BUBBLE SORT IN ECB<br />
110 DIM A(l00l<br />
120 FOR ! =0 TO 100<br />
130 INPUT A(!)<br />
140 IF A(!)=0 THEN GOTO 160<br />
150 NEXT I<br />
160 [=[ ·1<br />
170 LS=I-1<br />
1<strong>80</strong> SW=0<br />
190 FOR J=0 TO LS<br />
200 IF A(J)
RAINBOWTECH<br />
OS-9 Level II<br />
OS-9 Makes Big Showing at Chicago<br />
H<br />
igh visibility-If! had to describe<br />
OS-9 at RAINBOWfest Chicago,<br />
those two words would do the job.<br />
This month presents a look at a few of the<br />
rising stars of the OS-9 world who were<br />
there, a discussion of the new products that<br />
were demonstrated, and Maxie, a mouseand<br />
menu-driven icon editor in the Multi<br />
Vue Shell.<br />
Questions and Answers<br />
Kevin Darling and friends presented the<br />
"Overview ofOS-9" session at noon Saturday.<br />
Along with Gary Robinson of Tandy,<br />
James Jones of Microware, Kent Meyers,<br />
Kevin Pease and Paul Ward, Darling<br />
moderated a question and answer session<br />
bar none.<br />
<strong>The</strong> session started with a request for<br />
audience feedback regarding the design of<br />
a possible OS-9 Users Group 68K computer.<br />
Kevin Pease had been working on<br />
the project for several months and needed<br />
to get a feel for the needs of OS-9 users.<br />
Questions included: What do you want?<br />
What applications do you need? Should<br />
this computer run 68<strong>09</strong> software? Do you<br />
want it to use dual68<strong>09</strong>/6<strong>80</strong>00 processors?<br />
What about a 68K computer with a GIME<br />
socket and a DA T that would let you use<br />
two megabytes of memory - and still be<br />
CoCo compatible? <strong>The</strong> audience met the<br />
challenge of his questions.<br />
Most of the audience wanted cheaper<br />
Dale L. Puckett, a freelance writer and<br />
programmer. serves as director-at-large<br />
of the OS-9 Users Group and is a member<br />
of the Computer Press Association. His<br />
username on Delphi is DALEP: on packetradio,<br />
KO!-IYD @ N4QQ ; on GEnie,<br />
D .PUCKETT2; and on CIS, 71446.736.<br />
122 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
By Dale L. Puckett<br />
<strong>Rainbow</strong> Contributing Editor<br />
and easier word processors, spreadsheets,<br />
business software and educational software-<br />
all running under OS-9. <strong>The</strong>y also<br />
were clearly addicted to the CoCo OS-9<br />
CLEAR key.<br />
Why can't I pluck down $300 and buy<br />
an application program that will do something?<br />
Inquiring minds wanted to know.<br />
Word PeJfect and WordStar are being ported<br />
to UNIX. How do we get these programs on<br />
OS-9?<br />
James Jones explained that <strong>80</strong> percent<br />
of Microware' s business is in the controller<br />
market and they don 't have the resources to<br />
support any more business. That's why<br />
they haven't been actively interested in the<br />
personal computer market. Yet, as he reminded<br />
us, OS-9 is the only operating<br />
system NASA trusts to run real-time software<br />
aboard the space shuttle.<br />
Gary Robinson explained that Tandy<br />
buyers don't have time to pursue developers<br />
and encouraged OS-9 users to convince<br />
RS-DOS developers to get on the OS-9<br />
bandwagon- and then take their products<br />
to Tandy.<br />
Paul Ward said he thought we must<br />
attract the developers first, especially the<br />
ones who are young and hungry- people<br />
at companies who already use UNIX. He<br />
thought they would be the easiest to lure<br />
into the OS-9 world and issued a call for all<br />
C programmers to port any and all UNIX<br />
programs into the OS-9 environment. <strong>The</strong><br />
seminar audience responded in kind.<br />
"Give us the tools!" "Fix up the C<br />
compiler!" At this point Gary Robinson<br />
noted that even though the C compiler is<br />
not in stock at Radio Shack stores any<br />
longer, it is available by mail order.<br />
But, that brought up another question<br />
popping up at RAINBOWfest. Will there<br />
be an upgrade for the OS-9 C programming<br />
package? <strong>The</strong> answer, "Probably not." Yet,<br />
with all the interest expressed in Chicago,<br />
maybe someone was listening.<br />
James Jones explained the difference<br />
between the Level I and Level II compilers,<br />
noting that the Level I compiler works<br />
under Level II. He also noted many patches<br />
available on the electronic forums that let<br />
you set up your machine in a number of<br />
different ways.<br />
This mention of OS-9 SIGS on CIS,<br />
DELPHI and GEnie prompted Darling to<br />
repeat a survey. Last year, during our<br />
seminar, Kevin asked the au dience how<br />
many people were active on an electronic<br />
forum. Six hands went up. This year more<br />
than half the audience held up their hands.<br />
Ward then jumped in to point out that<br />
68K C programmers are in big demandearning<br />
$60K per year in some cases. He<br />
gave, as an example, a new fiber optic<br />
experiment for NASA and the University<br />
of Maryland.<br />
Taking a positive note, James Jones<br />
announced a magic number - 515-224-<br />
1929. Jones told the audience they would<br />
be amazed at the programs available for<br />
OS-9 68K.<br />
"You just don't see the ads," Jones said.<br />
"<strong>The</strong> problem is that people just haven't<br />
heard much about recently developed OS-<br />
9 software." Jones encouraged the audience<br />
to get a hold of <strong>The</strong> OS-9 Catalog and<br />
<strong>The</strong> OS-9 Sourcebook. Both publications<br />
are free, from Microware.<br />
Jones told the group he thought CDJ<br />
(Compact Disc Interactive), means a lot to<br />
CoCo OS-9 users because it lets them get<br />
ahead of the learning curve before these<br />
new machines hit the market this Christmas.<br />
He said many opportunities would be<br />
available for people with OS-9 experience.<br />
When the questions turned to problems,<br />
the group discussed the myth of programs<br />
only being 64K long with OS-9. <strong>No</strong>t true!
memory.<br />
Wh at's the nex t step in the evolution of<br />
Multi-Mentt? ·'Multi Tnnls. which lets yo u<br />
create buttons and scroll bars," Alphonso<br />
sa id . "''ll probably add thi s capability to<br />
Multi-Menu. but I may release it as a separate<br />
package you can integrate with Multi<br />
Menu.<br />
" If I make it a se parate package, I'll<br />
inclu de all the things needed to build a<br />
completely mouse-driven inte1face,'' he said,<br />
" including automatic dialog boxes and an<br />
automatic method to open and read or write<br />
to a file selec ted from a I ist of files presented<br />
in a dialog box simi Jar to the Macintosh<br />
standard file dialog."<br />
Alphonso believes there 's a speed problem<br />
with Multi-Vue. noting that the time<br />
required to update the mouse pointer drags<br />
clown the system a bit. But he had n' t seen<br />
the new GShell+ module. whi ch was enhanced<br />
by the OS-9 Users Group.<br />
What else does Alpha Software se ll ?<br />
"Le,·el II T nnls is a group of programs<br />
that does a number of things I' ve always<br />
needed to clo." Alph onso said. " It gives yo u<br />
wild card commands to efficientl y move<br />
files around . <strong>The</strong>re's a set of tree di spl ay<br />
commands that give yo u a visual ass ist<br />
when yo u are tryin g to find a file. You can<br />
li st an entire directory and actuall y break<br />
out any fi le. "<br />
<strong>The</strong> OS-9 Lerel/1 BBS Release 3 .0 is<br />
Alphonso's most popular program. "We<br />
have more than I 00 people using it,'' he<br />
sa id . Ou r users are spread throughout the<br />
country and Canada. We're busy now setting<br />
up a support group fo rthe board. Mike<br />
Camera will take charge of the new service.<br />
<strong>No</strong>t all of hi s customers. are usin g it to<br />
run a pub lic bulletin board. A few are using<br />
it as a pri vate E-Mail system. Some even<br />
use it as a menu to run their own OS-9<br />
app lications.<br />
"Most people reall y li ke it. '' Alphonso<br />
sa id. "Especiall y the people who prefer<br />
OS-9. I' ve had a few people who don ' t<br />
know a lot about OS-9 a1icl have had troubl e<br />
running it. Others said it forced them to run<br />
OS-9."<br />
Did he have to overcome any techni ca l<br />
problems whil e writing it?<br />
''We II . there was the carrier-detec t problem,''<br />
he said. "<strong>The</strong> AC I APAK driver has thi s<br />
capability built in. but it doesn't always<br />
wo rk quite right."<br />
Alphonso wrote a routine th at ki ll s any<br />
process started by the parent if carri er detect<br />
is lost. It also took him a whil e to solve<br />
the baud-rate detection problem. <strong>The</strong> program<br />
now se ts itse lf up fo r 1200-baud<br />
operation and wa its for a use r to press the<br />
ENTER key. Depending on what OS-9 returns.<br />
it sw itches the speed up or down.<br />
Alp honso was able to te ll which direc-<br />
124 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
ti on to sw itch the speed to because one<br />
speed ret urn s an arrow, the other returns a<br />
junk charac ter. He checks thi s character,<br />
then resets and goes. If nothin g happens in<br />
four seconds. he resets and goes back to<br />
1200 baud.<br />
A pub I ic doma in version of Gala tic<br />
Cnnflict . a game first published in THE<br />
RAINBOW in <strong>No</strong>vember, 1986, is now<br />
bundl ed with BBS Release 3 .0. It was translated<br />
to BAS IC<strong>09</strong> by John Sebella and Melvin<br />
Gaskins of Hobart, Indi ana.<br />
Hyper-Tech - Another Rising Star<br />
Keith Alphonso wasn't th e on ly yo ung<br />
man at RAINBOWfest, Chicago determined<br />
to capture a piece of the pie crea ted by OS -<br />
9's increased popularity.<br />
We were also pleased to meet and interview<br />
Eri c Cri chl ow ( HYPERTE on DEL<br />
PHI) and hi s fri end Chester Simpson. Eri c,<br />
17 and Chester, 19, teamed up with Mike<br />
Haa land to form Hyper-Tech in June of<br />
1988. Together, the trio plans to introd uce<br />
several exc iting new OS-9 products in the<br />
near future.<br />
C ri chl ow's labo r of love is Shel/mate, a<br />
$25 program that em ul ates the popular<br />
hands-free fil e management techniques of<br />
the Mac intosh and Ami ga on an OS-9 stage.<br />
It's used to copy, delete, move and rename<br />
f iles. It can also li st files. print them or<br />
di splay pictures from them - even arc and<br />
de-arc them.<br />
"Shel/mate lets yo u perform essentially<br />
every operation you could ever want."<br />
Crichl ow sa id. " It's especiall y handy when<br />
you need to move a large number of files<br />
and want to do it with ve ry few keystrokes<br />
or mouse moves. When I' m through I hope<br />
Shel/mate will have everything Multi-Vue<br />
has built into it-and much more. Besides,<br />
it's my fi rst C program . .. ev,e rythin g I<br />
learn will go into constant upd ates of the<br />
program.<br />
So how did Hyper-Tech get started?<br />
"We felt the <strong>Color</strong> Computer 3 offered<br />
an amazin g amount of potenti al no one was<br />
explorin g under RS-DOS or OS-9,''<br />
Cri chl ow sa id. "We fe lt the on ly way to do<br />
anything to help the CoCo reach its potential<br />
was to write some programs ou rselves."<br />
By thi s tim e, Chester was already proficient<br />
with assembl y language programming<br />
under RS-DOS. Mike and Eri c were<br />
starting to learn C. Cheste1· was already<br />
workin g on graphi cs and animation programs<br />
under RS-DOS.<br />
Chester began to design a graphi cs and<br />
animat ion development system. Mike<br />
started talking to di stri butors and learn ed<br />
there was a big demand for easy an imation<br />
programs. Chester's passion became a major<br />
projec t.<br />
Chester's OS-9 product is so youn g it<br />
doesn't even have a name. An RS -DOS<br />
version already on the market is ca lled<br />
Jnwgemaster. JmagemastN runs on a 128K<br />
system and ed its 64-by-64 pi xel graph ics<br />
images th at can be used to create grap hi cs<br />
images fo r autom ati on sequences.<br />
Eri c and Mike wa nt to do many thin gs .<br />
"Tandy and Microware gave us much power<br />
and opportunity in the OS-9 Level I I windowing<br />
system. Hard ly anyone has clone<br />
anything with it," Crichl ow said. "We wa nt<br />
to do things with Multi-Vue win dows that<br />
most people think are impossible.''<br />
For example?<br />
"Graphics! Me nu s' A clipboard standard,"<br />
Cri chl ow sa id. I' m also attempting<br />
to set up windows yo u can move and resize.<br />
I fi gure it can do it th e same way Multi- Vue<br />
does. If you cli ck on the menu ba r, but not<br />
on a se lec ti on. it will know yo u are ask ing<br />
to move the window."<br />
How will he do it?<br />
'Til dei ni z the window and give yo u a<br />
box the same size as your original window .<br />
<strong>The</strong>n. after yo u move the box and res ize it.<br />
I' II read the parameters of the box aga in and<br />
open a window the size yo u want at the<br />
locati on yo u req ues t. In th e meantime, I<br />
will have saved a buffer wit h all the data<br />
that was in your wi nd ow ori ginall y. After I<br />
crea te the new window. I'll write it back<br />
out aga in.<br />
MVCanvas Promises Speed a nd Ease<br />
MVCam·as is another Hyper-Tech product<br />
that lurks on the immediate horizon. In<br />
fact. it may be available by the time you<br />
read thi s column.<br />
" We plan fo r MVCanms to be j ust as<br />
fun cti onal as any RS-DOS pai nt program<br />
- bar none," Simpson said. " It will also be<br />
just as quick. You' ll be able to access a popup<br />
menu th at hold s all of the draw in g tools<br />
from the menu bar at the top of your sc reen.<br />
Thi s means you' ll have th e entire screen<br />
free fo r yo ur arti sti c masterpiece," he sa id.<br />
"MVCc/17\ 'C/S is an intelligent program.''<br />
Mike grabs a piece of the screen and<br />
holds it in a buffer, then uses a Mulli-Vue<br />
ca ll to make the buffer hi s pointer. Thi s lets<br />
Multi- Vue handle moving the image around<br />
the sc reen.<br />
MVCanms also supports large fonts.<br />
While Mike works on the program , Chester<br />
is creatin g the new fonts- rang in g from 8by-8<br />
to 24-by-32 pixels using lmagemaker.<br />
It was th e impress ive speed of MVCan<br />
,·as that prodded Chester to make the move<br />
to OS-9. To him , speed is everything.<br />
Simpson is presentl y workin g on a graphics<br />
program that can transport im ages back<br />
and forth between RS-DOS an d OS-9 programs.<br />
He hopes to be ab le to save an image<br />
to the OS-9 clip board. transfer it to an RS<br />
DOS disk and then load it into lmagemaker
-or vice versa.<br />
<strong>The</strong> beta version of MVCanvas I received<br />
May 5th had the font capabilities<br />
installed. You could also load and save<br />
clips and manipulate them. It also has an<br />
Undo feature command at the top of its edit<br />
menu. Just think, they told Mike it couldn't<br />
be done.<br />
Hyper-Tech had not yet announced the<br />
price of MVCanvas during RAlNBOWfest.<br />
<strong>The</strong> first people to hear about the new<br />
program will most likely be people who<br />
check into DELPHI or CIS. Hyper-Tech<br />
plans to post a demo there as soon as the<br />
program is ready for release.<br />
After they release Shell mate and MVCanvas,<br />
Eric, Chester and Mike hope to do a lot<br />
with integrated Multi-Vue windows and<br />
graphics packages.<br />
Disto4-in-1 Board with RGB Hard Disk<br />
Chris Rochon's wife, Johanne, gave birth<br />
to a beautiful baby daughter earlier this<br />
year. At RAINBOWfest the couple's<br />
company, CRC Computers, gave birth to<br />
another great OS-9 product.<br />
<strong>The</strong> new 4-in-1 card, designed by RAIN<br />
BOW 's Tony DiStefano is an answer to the<br />
Multi-Pak hater's dream. When you add<br />
this plug-in card to your Disto Super Controller<br />
II, you can throw away your Multi<br />
Pak Interface. With this combination you<br />
have a floppy disk controller that does not<br />
halt the processor when it's reading to or<br />
writing from the disks; a real-time clock; a<br />
Centronics parallel port; an RS-232 p<strong>01</strong>t<br />
able to work with Tandy's AC I APAK drivers;<br />
and a hard disk interface able to communicate<br />
with either an SASI or SCSI disk<br />
controller. You're in business!<br />
I kept my Multi-Pak because I use the<br />
512K RAM disk card, also designed by<br />
DiStefano and sold by CRC. This outboard<br />
RAM disk is indispensable to me when I<br />
am experimenting with a C program or<br />
running the fantastic mouse-/menu-based<br />
word processor, Window Writer, from Owl<br />
Ware.<br />
<strong>The</strong> new 4-in-1 from CRC is fantastic. It<br />
comes with cables designed to plug directly<br />
into your hard disk, as well as your<br />
parallel and serial devices. All its components<br />
are rated at two megahertz, so you no<br />
longer need to slow down your CPU when<br />
you perform 1/0. Yet, the cables aren't all<br />
you receive with CRC's 4-in-1 card. You<br />
also receive OS-9 drivers for the real-time<br />
clock, parallel port, RS-232 port and the<br />
hard disk interface. And not only do the<br />
drivers come in the package, they are easy<br />
to install and work well. All you need to do<br />
to get up and running with this new card is<br />
to OS-9 a new OS9B OOT file, using the<br />
OS9Ge n utility.<br />
But, I expected the best. <strong>The</strong> drivers<br />
were written by Kevin Darling. Despite the<br />
enthusiasm, that' s only half the good news.<br />
Next month, I'll tell you how we're using<br />
the new Disto/CRC 4-in-1 card with a new<br />
SCSI controller, and drivers from Roger<br />
Krupski at RGB Computer Systems. This<br />
combination was made in heaven- especially<br />
for people who want to be able to<br />
reserve a portion of their hard disk drive for<br />
RS-DOS use. But the best thing about this<br />
combination is that it lets you boot automatically<br />
into OS-9 when you turn on the<br />
power. Again, we'll have more about this<br />
combination next month.<br />
Robert Moody's Maxie<br />
Maxie, Robert Moody's deluxe BASIC<strong>09</strong><br />
icon editor described in the July column, is<br />
not included this month because of magazine<br />
space limitations. However, because<br />
we want you to share our enthusiasm, the<br />
28listings that make up Maxie are included<br />
on this month's RAINBOW ON DISK. <strong>The</strong><br />
executable I-code modules, as well as the<br />
source code are also available for downloading<br />
from the RAINBOW ON DISK section<br />
of the DELPHI <strong>Color</strong> Computer/OS-9<br />
Online Forums.<br />
Because Robert Moody wants to share<br />
his bag of tricks with the rest of the <strong>Color</strong><br />
Computer Community, we will print the<br />
BASIC<strong>09</strong> source code for Maxie over the<br />
next three issues so that you can study one<br />
short module at a time. After we've mastered<br />
the pieces, we' ll dig into the main<br />
program and see how Moody brings the<br />
total product together by excercising the<br />
smaller and shorter tools. It's amazing what<br />
people can do once you get them started.<br />
Maxie was born after Moody studied the<br />
listing of our MVShe/llast <strong>August</strong>. It 's an<br />
amazing program. In it you'll find many<br />
secrets to fully exercising the Multi-Vue<br />
menus system, getting the most out of your<br />
CoCo's mouse, and performing magic using<br />
0S-9's GET/ PU T buffers.<br />
TCP-IP for OS-9<br />
We ran into James Jones from Microware<br />
at RAINBOWfest Chicago and he had<br />
good news for amateur radio operators. He<br />
had just received a public domain version<br />
of Phil Kam's TCP-IP implementation from<br />
Peter Dibble. It had been written inC using<br />
the OSK (OS-9 68K) compiler. Peter received<br />
it from a German group, and promised<br />
to send me a copy. I' II try to get it in the<br />
OS-9 Users Group library. When I receive<br />
it, I'll try to put out a note on the packet<br />
radio network also.<br />
That' s it for <strong>August</strong>. I hope you're enjoying<br />
your summer and will join us again<br />
in September for more exciting OS-9 news.<br />
Until then .. . Keep On Hacking!<br />
NEVER BEFOREII<br />
INTRODUCING THE SUPER DISK<br />
Never before has there been a system like the<br />
SUPER DISK and it's companion manual. Here<br />
are it's main features:<br />
THE SNOOPER Examine ALL tracks and sec·<br />
tors of a disk, even those meant to be HIDDEN.<br />
Read, write, copy, auto-search for file starts (even<br />
multiple start addresses). Do quick hex to decimal<br />
conversions. Find SECRET data! Auto-analyze<br />
disks to discover unusual formats, and MORE!<br />
THE PROTECTOR Authors, protect your work!<br />
Use THE PROTECTOR to defeat PIRATES. <strong>The</strong><br />
SECRET methods revealed allow you to create<br />
virtually unlimited protection schemes, including<br />
multiple level protection. Even protect BASIC<br />
programs!<br />
FORMAT PLUS Custom build your own secret<br />
disk format. (Use with THE PROTECTOR)<br />
COPY PLUS Will automatically analyze and copy<br />
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of your disks made with THE PROTECTOR!<br />
THE MANUAL contains instructions to fully utilize<br />
THE SUPER DISK. Also included are facts about<br />
copy protection NEVER BEFORE published.<br />
Learn the untold truth about disk management.<br />
Authors, you've spent days, weeks , months<br />
developing commercial software. Don't Give It<br />
Awayl Protect it!<br />
THE COMPLETE SUPER DISK SYSTEM<br />
$49.00<br />
SPORTSware SUMMER SPECIALS<br />
WARGAME DESIGNER II $24.00<br />
WGD ICON DISK #1 14.00<br />
INVASION NORTH 14.00<br />
ATTACK ON MOSCOW 14.00<br />
ROBOT COMMAND 14.00<br />
DUNGEON WARRIOR 14.00<br />
GHOST HUNTERS 14.00<br />
ORC AMBUSH 14.00<br />
ZULU REVENGE 14.00<br />
DESERT RATS 14.00<br />
FORT APACHE 14.00<br />
TECH WARS 14.00<br />
ROTC 14.00<br />
ISLAND DOMINATION 14.00<br />
MAIL MASTER 10.00<br />
GRIDIRON STRATEGY 19.00<br />
WEEKLY WINNER 2.0 15.00<br />
NEW CATALOG ON DISK 3.00<br />
BLACK GRID 19.00<br />
COC03 WHEEL Revised 4/89 19.00<br />
COC03 HINT 19.00<br />
BIG SCREEN 12.00<br />
FUN PACK Flipped Disk, Pegs, Flags 18.00<br />
CC3 CRAM 12.00<br />
CC3 FLAGS 19.00<br />
MASTER DIR 19.00<br />
PENINSULAR WAR 19.99<br />
THE RUSSIAN CAMPAIGN 19.00<br />
REBELS NORTH 19.00<br />
QUATRA BRAS 19.00<br />
VISA & MASTERCARD accepted<br />
FREE SHIPPING<br />
SPORTSware<br />
1251 S. Reynolds Road, Suite 414<br />
Toledo, Oh1o 43615<br />
{419) 389-1515<br />
<strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong> THE RAINBOW 125
Racksellers<br />
<strong>The</strong>se Fine Stores Carry THE RAINBOW<br />
<strong>The</strong> retail stores listed below carry THE RAINBOW on a regular basis and may have other<br />
products of interest to Tandy <strong>Color</strong> Computer users. We suggest you patronize those in your<br />
area.<br />
AlABAMA FLORIDA KENTUCKY<br />
Birmingham Jefferson News Co.<br />
Little Professor Book Center<br />
Boca Raton<br />
Clearwater<br />
Great American Book Co.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Avid Reader<br />
Hazard<br />
Henderson<br />
Daniel Boone Gulf Mart<br />
Matt's News & Gifts<br />
Brewton<br />
Florence<br />
Greenville<br />
McDowell Electronics<br />
Anderson News Co.<br />
M & B Electronics<br />
Dania<br />
Davie<br />
Ft. Lauderdale<br />
Dania News & Books<br />
Software Plus More<br />
Bob's News & Book-Stare<br />
Hopkinsville<br />
Louisville<br />
Newport<br />
Hobby Shop<br />
Hawley-Cooke Booksellers (2 Locations)<br />
Simon's Castle News<br />
Madison<br />
Montgomery<br />
Tuscaloosa<br />
AlASKA<br />
Foirbcnks<br />
Madison Books<br />
Trade 'N' Books<br />
Turtle's Records & Tapes<br />
Arrow Appliance/Radio Shack<br />
Gainesville<br />
Jacksonville<br />
Merritt Island<br />
<strong>No</strong>rth Miami<br />
Clarks Out of Town News<br />
Paper Chase<br />
Book Co.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Open Door<br />
LOUISIANA<br />
Baton Rouge<br />
Lockport<br />
New Orleans<br />
Monroe<br />
City News Stand<br />
N Doctor/Radio Shack<br />
Sidney's News Stand Uptown<br />
<strong>The</strong> Book Rack<br />
Baker & Baker Booksellers<br />
Beach Almor Bookstore<br />
Panama City Boyd-Ebert Corp. MAINE<br />
ARIZONA Pensacola Anderson News Ca. Bangor Magazines, Inc.<br />
Cottonwood A & W Graphics Co. Pinellas Park Wolfs Newsstand Brockton Voyager Bookstore<br />
Flagstaff<br />
Lake Havasu<br />
City<br />
Phoenix<br />
Sierra Vista<br />
McGaugh's Newsstand<br />
Book <strong>No</strong>ok<br />
Houle Books<br />
Little Professor Book Center<br />
Software, Etc. (2 Locations)<br />
TRI-TEK Computers<br />
Livingston's Books. Inc<br />
South<br />
Pasadena<br />
Starke<br />
Sunrise<br />
Tallahassee<br />
Titusville<br />
Poling Place Bookstore<br />
Record Junction. Inc.<br />
Radio Shack Dealer<br />
Sunny's at Sunset<br />
Anderson News Co.<br />
DuBey's News Center<br />
Computroc<br />
Caribou<br />
Oxford<br />
Sanford<br />
MARYlAND<br />
College Pork<br />
MASSACHUSETTS<br />
Boston<br />
Radio Shack<br />
Books-N-Things<br />
Radio Shack<br />
University Bookstore<br />
Eastern Newsstand<br />
Tempe<br />
Tucson<br />
ARKANSAS<br />
ASU Bookstore<br />
Arizona Small Computer<br />
Books. Etc.<br />
Computer Library<br />
Anderson News Co.<br />
Software. Etc.<br />
GEORGIA<br />
Atlanta<br />
Bremen<br />
Forest Pork<br />
Jesup<br />
Thomasville<br />
Toccoa<br />
Borde(s<br />
Bremen Electronics/Radio Shack<br />
Ellers News Center<br />
Radio Shack<br />
Smokehouse Newsstand<br />
Martin Music Radio Shack<br />
Cambridge<br />
Ipswich<br />
Littleton<br />
Lynn<br />
Swansea<br />
MICHIGAN<br />
Allen Park<br />
Out Of Town News<br />
Ipswich News<br />
Computer Plus<br />
<strong>No</strong>rth Shore News Co.<br />
Newsbreok. Inc.<br />
Book <strong>No</strong>ok. Inc.<br />
Eldorado<br />
Fayetteville<br />
Ft. Smith<br />
Little Rock<br />
Howard's Newstand<br />
Vaughn Electronics/Radio Shack<br />
Hot Off the Press Newsstand<br />
Anderson News Co.<br />
IDAHO<br />
Boise<br />
Moscow<br />
Book Shelf. Inc.<br />
Johnson News Agency<br />
Birmingham<br />
Durand<br />
E. Detroit<br />
Hillsdale<br />
Border's Book Shop<br />
Robbins Electronics<br />
Merit Book Center<br />
Electronics Express/Radio Shack<br />
CALIFORN IA<br />
Berkeley<br />
Buena Park<br />
Canoga Park<br />
Citrus Heights<br />
Hollywood<br />
La Jolla<br />
Los Angeles<br />
Manhattan<br />
Beach<br />
Marysville<br />
Napa<br />
<strong>No</strong>rthridge<br />
Oakland<br />
Rancho<br />
Murieta<br />
Redondo<br />
Beach<br />
Sacramento<br />
San Francisco<br />
lyon Enterprises<br />
Software. Etc.<br />
Software. Etc.<br />
Software Plus<br />
Levity Distributors<br />
Stef-Jen. Inc.<br />
Universal News Agency<br />
Butler & Mayes Booksellers<br />
Center Fold Newsstand<br />
Circus of Books (2 Locations)<br />
Software. Etc.<br />
Software. Etc.<br />
Bookland<br />
Bookends Bookstore<br />
Software. Etc.<br />
DeLauer's News Agency<br />
Software Plus<br />
Software. Etc.<br />
Deibert's Readeramo<br />
Tower Magazine<br />
Booksmith<br />
IlliNOIS<br />
Belleville<br />
Centralia<br />
Champaign<br />
Chicago<br />
Decatur<br />
East Moline<br />
Evanston<br />
Kewanee<br />
Lisle<br />
Lombard<br />
Newton<br />
Paris<br />
Peoria<br />
Springfield<br />
Sunnyland<br />
West Frankfort<br />
Wheeling<br />
Software or Systems<br />
Books & Co .. Inc.<br />
Bookmark<br />
B. Dalton Booksellers<br />
Book Emporium<br />
K-Mart Plaza<br />
<strong>No</strong>rthgate Mall<br />
Book Emporium<br />
<strong>No</strong>rris Center Bookstore<br />
Book Emporium<br />
Book <strong>No</strong>ok<br />
Empire Periodicals<br />
Bill's N Radio Shack<br />
Book Emporium<br />
Book Emporium<br />
Sheridan VIllage<br />
Westlake Shopping Center<br />
Illinois News Service<br />
Book Emporium<br />
Sangamon Center <strong>No</strong>rth<br />
Town & Country Shopping Ctr.<br />
Book Emporium<br />
Paper Place<br />
<strong>No</strong>rth Shore Distributors<br />
Holland<br />
Kalamazoo<br />
lowell<br />
Muskegon<br />
Niles<br />
Perry<br />
Riverview<br />
Roseville<br />
MINNESOTA<br />
Burnsville<br />
Crystal<br />
Edina<br />
Minneapolis<br />
Minnetonka<br />
Roseville<br />
St. Paul<br />
MISSOURI<br />
Farmington<br />
Flat River<br />
Florissant<br />
Jefferson City<br />
Kirksvi lle<br />
St. Louis<br />
Fris News Company<br />
<strong>The</strong> Book Raft<br />
Lowell Electronics<br />
<strong>The</strong> Eight Bit Corner<br />
Michiana News Service<br />
Perry Computers<br />
Riverview Book Store<br />
New Horizons Book Shop<br />
Shinder's Burnsville<br />
Shinder's Cr ;stal Gallery<br />
Shinder's leisure lane<br />
Shinder's (2 Locations)<br />
Shinder's Ridge Square<br />
Shinder's Roseville<br />
Shinder's Annex<br />
Shinder's Maplewood<br />
Shinder's St. Pauls<br />
Ray's N & Radio Shack<br />
Ray's N & Radio Shack<br />
Book Brokers Unlimited<br />
Cowley Distributing<br />
T&R Electronics<br />
Book Emporium<br />
Book works<br />
Castro Kiosk<br />
INDIANA<br />
Angola D & D Electronics<br />
NEBRASKA<br />
Lincoln Nebraska Bookstore<br />
Santa Monica Midnight Special Bookstore Radio Shack<br />
Omaha Nelson News<br />
Software. Etc. Berne White Cottage Electronics<br />
San Jose<br />
Santa Rosa<br />
Stockton<br />
Sunnyvale<br />
Torrance<br />
COLORADO<br />
Aurora<br />
<strong>Color</strong>ado<br />
Springs<br />
Denver<br />
Glenwood<br />
Computer Literacy Bookshops<br />
Sawyer's News. Inc.<br />
Harding Way News<br />
Paperbacks Unlimited<br />
Computer Literacy<br />
El Camino College Bookstore<br />
Aurora Newsstand<br />
Hathaway's<br />
News Gallery<br />
Bloomington<br />
Crawfordsville<br />
Dyer<br />
Franklin<br />
Ft. Wayne<br />
Garrett<br />
Indianapolis<br />
lebanon<br />
Martinsville<br />
Nappanee<br />
Book Corner<br />
Koch's Books<br />
Miles Books<br />
Gallery Book Shop<br />
Michrona News Service<br />
Finn News Agency, Inc.<br />
Boakland. Inc.<br />
Borders Bookshop<br />
Indiana News<br />
Southside News<br />
Gallery Book Shop<br />
Radio Shack<br />
Richards K-40 Electronics<br />
NEVADA<br />
Carson City<br />
Las Vegas<br />
NEW HAMPSHIRE<br />
Manchester<br />
West lebanon<br />
NEW JERSEY<br />
Atlantic City<br />
Cedar Knolls<br />
NEW MEXICO<br />
Bookcellor<br />
Hurley Electronics<br />
Steve's Books & Magazines<br />
Bookwrights<br />
Verhom News Corp.<br />
Atlant:c City News Agency<br />
Village Computer & Software<br />
Springs <strong>The</strong> Book Train<br />
Richmond Voyles News Agency. Inc. Albuquerque Page One Newsstand<br />
Grand<br />
Junction Readmore Book & Magazine IOWA<br />
Santa Fe Downtown Subscription<br />
Longmont<br />
DELAWARE<br />
City Newsstand Davenport<br />
Des Moines<br />
Fairfi eld<br />
Interstate Book Store<br />
Thackery's Books. Inc.<br />
Kremers Books & Glfl s<br />
NEW YORK<br />
Amherst Villac e Green-Buffalo Books<br />
Newark Newark Newsstand<br />
Brockport Lift Bridge Book Shop. Inc.<br />
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA KANSAS Brooklyn Cromland. Inc.<br />
Washington. Hutchinson Crossroads. Inc. Elmira Heights Southern Tier News Co .. Inc.<br />
DC Chronicles Topeka Palmer News. Inc. Fredonia On Line: Computer Access Center<br />
NewsRoom Wellington Dandy's/Radio Shack Dealer Hudson Falls GAWest&Co.<br />
World News. Inc. Wichita Lloyd's Radio Huntington Oscar's Bookshop<br />
126 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong>
NEW YORK (cont'd)<br />
Johnson City<br />
New York<br />
Rochester<br />
Unicorn Electronics<br />
Barnes & <strong>No</strong>ble-Sales Annex<br />
Coliseum Books<br />
Eastern Newsstand<br />
Grand Central Station. Track 37<br />
200 Park Ave .. (Pan Am #1)<br />
55 Water Street<br />
World Trade Center #2<br />
First Stop News<br />
Idle Hours Bookstore<br />
International Smoke Shop<br />
Jonil Smoke<br />
Penn Bock<br />
State News<br />
Walden Bocks<br />
World Wide Media Services<br />
Microcom Software<br />
Village Green<br />
World Wide News<br />
NORTH CAROLINA<br />
Cary<br />
Chapel Hill<br />
News Center in Cary Village<br />
University News & Sundry<br />
Charlotte Newsstand lnt'l<br />
Hickory C' Bocks & Comics<br />
Jacksonville Michele's. Inc.<br />
Kernersville K & S Newsstand<br />
Lexington Martin's News Stand<br />
Marion Boomers Rhythm Center<br />
Winston-Salem K & S Newsstand (3 Locations)<br />
<strong>Rainbow</strong> News Ltd.<br />
OHIO<br />
Akron<br />
Canton<br />
Chardon<br />
Cinc innati<br />
Cleveland<br />
Columbiana<br />
Columbus<br />
Dayton<br />
Dublin<br />
Fairborn<br />
Findley<br />
Lakewooc<br />
Lima<br />
Miamisburg<br />
Parma<br />
Warren<br />
Xenia<br />
Youngstown<br />
OKLAHOMA<br />
Taklequah<br />
Tulso<br />
OREGON<br />
Eugene<br />
Portland<br />
Salem<br />
PENNSYLVANIA<br />
Allentown<br />
Altoona<br />
Bryn Mawr<br />
Feasterville<br />
King of Prussia<br />
Malvern<br />
Reading<br />
Temple<br />
West Chester<br />
York<br />
RHODE ISLAND<br />
Newport<br />
Churchill News & Tobacco<br />
Little Professor Book Center<br />
Thrasher Radio & TV<br />
Cinsoft<br />
Erieview News<br />
Fidelity Sound & Electronics<br />
B5 Software<br />
Micro Center<br />
<strong>The</strong> Newsstand<br />
Bocks & Co.<br />
Wilke News<br />
Wright News & Bocks<br />
Bock Barn<br />
News-Readers<br />
Sandbox Micro Systems<br />
Wilke's University Shoppe<br />
Open Bock<br />
Lakewood International News<br />
Edu-Caterers<br />
Wilke News<br />
Bookmark Newscenter<br />
Book <strong>No</strong>ok. Inc.<br />
Fine Print Bocks<br />
Plaza Bock & Smoke Shop<br />
Thomas Sales. Inc. dba Radio Shack<br />
Steve's Bock Store<br />
Libra Bocks - Bock Mark<br />
Fifth Avenue News<br />
Rich Cigar Store. Inc.<br />
Sixth & Washington News<br />
Capitol News Center<br />
Checkmate Book<br />
Owl Services<br />
Newborn Enterprises<br />
Bryn Mawr News<br />
Global Bocks<br />
Gene's Books<br />
Personal Software<br />
Smith's News & Card Center<br />
Software Corner<br />
Chester County Bock Co.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Computer Center of York<br />
Tollgate Bookstore<br />
Bellevue News<br />
SOUTH CAROLINA<br />
Charleston Hts. Software Haus. Inc.<br />
Clemson Clemson Newsstand<br />
Florence Ray· s # 1<br />
Greenville Palmetto News Co.<br />
Spartanburg Software City<br />
TENNESSEE<br />
Brentwooc<br />
Chattanooga<br />
Knoxville<br />
Memphis<br />
Nashville<br />
Smyrna<br />
Bookworld #5<br />
Anderson News Co.<br />
Guild Books & Periodicals<br />
Anderson News Co.<br />
Davis-Kidd Bookseller<br />
Computer Center<br />
Davis-Kidd Booksellers<br />
Mosko's Place<br />
R.M. Mills Bookstore<br />
Delker Electronics<br />
TEXAS BRITISH COLUMBIA (cont'd)<br />
Big Spring<br />
Desoto<br />
Elgin<br />
Ft. Worth<br />
Hartington<br />
Poncho's News<br />
Maxwell Books<br />
<strong>The</strong> Homing Pigeon<br />
Trinity News<br />
Book Mark<br />
Chilliwack<br />
Coquitlam<br />
Coortenay<br />
Dawson Creek<br />
Golden<br />
Charles Parker<br />
Cody Books LTD<br />
Rick's Music & Stereo<br />
Bell Radio & TV<br />
Toks Home Furnishings<br />
UTAH<br />
Provo Valley Book Center<br />
Langley<br />
Nelson<br />
New West-<br />
Langley Radio Shack<br />
Olive(s Books<br />
VIRGINIA minster Ciady Bocks LTD<br />
Danville K & S Newsstand Parksville Parksville TV<br />
Hampton Benders Penticton D.J.'s<br />
Lynchburg Self Serve Software Four Corner Grocery<br />
<strong>No</strong>rfolk 1-0 Computers Sidney Sidney Electronics<br />
Turn <strong>The</strong> Page Smithers Wall's Home Furniture<br />
Richmond <strong>Vol</strong>ume I Bookstore Squamish Kotyk Electronics<br />
WASHINGTON<br />
Port Angeles<br />
Seattle<br />
Port Book & News<br />
Bulldog News<br />
Vancouver Active Components<br />
Friendlyware Computers<br />
Granville Book Co.<br />
Siliconnections Books LTD<br />
WEST VIRGINIA<br />
Huntington Nick's News<br />
100Mile<br />
House Tip Top Radio & TV<br />
Madison<br />
Parkersburg<br />
South<br />
Charleston<br />
Communications. LTD<br />
Valley News Service<br />
Spring Hill News<br />
MANITOBA<br />
Altona<br />
Lundar<br />
Morden<br />
L.A. Wiebr Ltd.<br />
Goranson Elec.<br />
Central Sound<br />
WISCONSIN <strong>The</strong> Pas Jodi's Sight & Sound<br />
Appleton Badger Periodicals Selkirk G.L. Enns Else.<br />
Cudahy Cudahy News & Hobby Steinback Frey Ent/Radio Shack<br />
Kenosha R.K. News, Inc. Virden Archer Enterprises<br />
Madison<br />
Milwaukee<br />
Waukesha<br />
PicA Book<br />
University Bookstore<br />
Juneau Village Reader<br />
Holt Variety<br />
NEW BRUNSWICK<br />
Moncton Jeffries Enterp rises<br />
Sussex Dewitt Elec.<br />
ARGENTINA<br />
Cordoba Information Telecommunications<br />
NEWFOUNDLAND<br />
Botwooc Seaport Elec.<br />
Carbon ear Slade Realties<br />
AUSTRALIA Labrador City N.P. Investments (Mall Drugs)<br />
Blaxland<br />
Kingsford<br />
Blaxland Computers<br />
Paris Radio Electronics<br />
NOVA SCOTIA<br />
Halifax Atlantic News<br />
CANADA:<br />
ALBERTA<br />
Banff<br />
Bonnyville<br />
Brooks<br />
Calgary<br />
Claresholm<br />
Drayton Valley<br />
Edmonton<br />
Fairview<br />
Fox Creek<br />
Ft. Saskatche -<br />
wan<br />
Banff Radio Shack<br />
Paul Terc ier<br />
Double "D" A.S.C. Radio Shack<br />
Billy's News<br />
Radio Shack Associated Stores<br />
Langard Electronics<br />
CMDMic ro<br />
D. N.R. Furniture & TV<br />
Fox City <strong>Color</strong> & Sound<br />
AS. C. Radio Shack<br />
Ft. Mall Radio Shack. ASC<br />
ONTARIO<br />
Angus<br />
Aurora<br />
Concord<br />
Exceter<br />
Hanover<br />
Huntsville<br />
Kenora<br />
Kingston<br />
Listowel<br />
South River<br />
Toronto<br />
Micro Computer Services<br />
Compu Vision<br />
Ingram Software<br />
J. Macleane & Sons<br />
Modern Appliance Centre<br />
Huntsville Elec.<br />
Donny "B"<br />
T.M. Computers<br />
Modern Appliance Centre<br />
Max TV<br />
Dennis TV<br />
Gordon and Gotch<br />
Grande QUEBEC<br />
Cache <strong>The</strong> Stereo Hut LaSalle Messageries de Presse Benjamin Enr.<br />
Grande Pont. Rouge Boutique Bruno Laroche<br />
Centre<br />
Hinton<br />
lnnisfail<br />
Leduc<br />
Le thbridge<br />
Lloyd minster<br />
Okotoks<br />
Peace River<br />
St. Paul<br />
Ste ttler<br />
Stra t11more<br />
<strong>The</strong> Book <strong>No</strong>ok<br />
Jim Cooper<br />
L& S Stereo<br />
Radio Shack Associated Stores<br />
Datatron<br />
Lloyd Radio Shack<br />
Okotoks Radio Shack<br />
Radio Shack Associated Stores<br />
T avener Software<br />
Walte(s Electronics<br />
Stettler Radio Shack<br />
Wheatland Electronics<br />
SASKATCHEWAN<br />
Assiniboia<br />
Estevan<br />
Moose Jaw<br />
Nipiwan<br />
Regina<br />
Saskatoon<br />
Shell brooke<br />
Tisdale<br />
Unity<br />
Telstar News<br />
Kotyk Electronics<br />
D&S Computer Place<br />
Cornerstone Sound<br />
Regina CoCo Club<br />
Software Supermarket<br />
Everybody's Software Library<br />
Gee. Laberge Radio Shack<br />
Paul's Service<br />
Grant's House of Sound<br />
Taber<br />
West lock<br />
Pynewooc Sight & Sound<br />
Westlock Stereo<br />
YUKON<br />
Whitehorse H & 0 Holdings<br />
Wetaskiwin Radio Shack<br />
BRITISH COLUMBIA JAPAN<br />
Burnaby Compulit Tokyo America Ado. Inc.<br />
Burns Lake<br />
Campbell<br />
River<br />
VT. Video Works<br />
<strong>TRS</strong> Electronics<br />
PUERTO RICO<br />
East Isla Verde <strong>The</strong> <strong>Color</strong> Computer Store<br />
Also available at all B. Dalton Booksellers, and<br />
selected Coles and W. H. Smith in Canada,<br />
Waldenbooks, Pickwick Books, Encore Books,<br />
Barnes & <strong>No</strong>ble, Little Professors, Tower Book &<br />
Records, Krach's & Brentano's, and Community<br />
Newscenters.<br />
<strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong> THE RAINBOW 127
Advertisers Index<br />
We encourage you to patronize our advertisers - all of whom support the Tandy <strong>Color</strong><br />
Computer. We will appreciate your mentioning THE RAINBOW when you contact these firms.<br />
Alpha Products . ............... 21<br />
Alpha Software Technologies ... 95<br />
Burke & Burke ...... .. ... .. .... 35<br />
CRC/ Disto .................... .41<br />
Cer-Comp Ltd .................. 53<br />
<strong>Color</strong>ware . ....... . .. . ......... 19<br />
Computer Island .... . . .... .... 1<strong>01</strong><br />
Computer Plus .... ... . ..... ..... 3<br />
D.P. Johnson ..... .. ...... . .. . 123<br />
Danosoft ... .. . . . .............. 45<br />
Dayton Associates of<br />
W. R. Hall, Inc .............. 97<br />
Dr. Preble's Programs ..... ... . 111<br />
Frank Hogg Laboratories ....... 81<br />
Game Point Software ..... .43, 1<strong>09</strong><br />
Gimmesoft ................... .47<br />
Granite Computer Systems ..... 16<br />
128 THE RAINBOW <strong>August</strong> <strong>1989</strong><br />
HawkSoft, Inc . . . .. .. . . . ...... . 119<br />
Howard Medical .......... 130, IBC<br />
JR & JR Softstuff ............. 119<br />
JWT Enterprises ... .. ...... .. .. 77<br />
Ken-Ton Electronics ... .. ... . . 1<strong>01</strong><br />
Metric Industries ..... ........ . . 37<br />
MichTron ............ ... ..... . BC<br />
Microcom Software .... 7, 9, 11, 13,<br />
15, 17<br />
Microtech Consultants<br />
Inc ... .......... . .. ........ 59<br />
Oblique Triad ..... ...... .. .. .. . 73<br />
Orion Technologies ...... . ... . . 65<br />
Owl-Ware ....... .... . ... 69, 70, 71<br />
Perry Computers . ... ........... 23<br />
Questron .... . .. ..... ... . .. . ... 73<br />
RAINBOWfest ... .... . ... .. . 82, 83<br />
fE Call:<br />
Belinda Kirby<br />
Advertising Representative<br />
(502) 228-4497<br />
o Call:<br />
Kim Vincent<br />
Advertising Representative<br />
(502) 228-4492<br />
<strong>The</strong> Falsoft Building<br />
95<strong>09</strong> U.S. Highway 42<br />
P.O. Box 385<br />
Prospect, KY 40059<br />
FAX (502) 228-5121<br />
<strong>Rainbow</strong> Gift Subscription .. . ... 89<br />
<strong>Rainbow</strong> on Tape & Disk .. , ... IFC<br />
Ru laford Research ..... . ... . ... . 8<br />
SO Enterprises .. ...... ..... . ... 25<br />
Second City Software ......... 129<br />
Simply Better Software ......... 55<br />
Spectrosystems ................ 57<br />
SPORTSware .. . .... . . ........ 125<br />
Sugar Software ................ 51<br />
Sundog Systems .............. 121<br />
T & D Software . . . . . . .. . 29 , 63, 115<br />
Tandy/Radio Shack ... . . ....... 33<br />
Tepco ................ . . ....... 79<br />
Tothian Software ... ......... .. . 34<br />
True Data Products .... . ...... . 49<br />
Vidicom Corporation ... . .. ... . . 77<br />
Zebra Systems ... ......... .. ... 31
20,000,000 Bytes or the equivalent to<br />
125 R.S. 5<strong>01</strong>'s on line are packed into<br />
this hard drive, pre installed and ready<br />
to run . This complete, easy to use<br />
package includes a Seagate· 20 Meg<br />
Hard Drive, a DTC 5150 Controller and<br />
interface: heavy duty case & power<br />
supply, and a 1 year warranty. This 20<br />
meg Hard Drive will also work with<br />
Tandy and IBM clones. Basic driver,<br />
$29.95, lets you access this hard drive<br />
without need for OS-9. New Case with<br />
FAN.<br />
20Meg<br />
HD-2 30 Meg<br />
HD-3 40 Meg<br />
30 Day Money Back Guarantee<br />
Howard Medical's 30-day guarantee<br />
is meant to eliminate the uncertainty<br />
of dealing with a company through<br />
the mail. Once you receive our<br />
hardware, try it out; test it for<br />
compatability. If you're not happy<br />
with it for any reason, return it in 30<br />
days and we'll give your your money<br />
back (less shipping. ) Shipping<br />
charges are for 48 states. APO,<br />
Canada and Puerto Rico orders are<br />
higher.<br />
BF111=====<br />
Howard Medical Computers<br />
1690 N. Elston<br />
Chicago, Illinois 60622<br />
Order Status and Inquiries<br />
312-278-1440<br />
Show Room Ho urs<br />
8:00- 5:00 M-F<br />
10:00- 3:00 Sat.
DISTO DC-7<br />
• Mini Disk Controller for CoCo 1, 2, 3<br />
• Includes RS 1.1. Modifyed to access DS<br />
Drives $75 (2 ship)<br />
RS 1.1 DOS<br />
• ROM Chip for Disk Controller<br />
• Works for CoCo 2 or 3<br />
MICRO WORKS DIGITIZER<br />
• DS-698 <strong>Color</strong> 1.5 Second/Picture $150<br />
• DS-69 B& W 2 Second/Picture $100<br />
YCABLE<br />
WORDPAK-RS<br />
MEMORY<br />
• 512K Bare Board<br />
• Populated 512K & Software<br />
for CoCo 2<br />
Howard Medical Computers<br />
1690 N. Elston<br />
Chicago, Illinois 60622<br />
Order Status and Inquiries<br />
312-278-1440<br />
Master Card • Vi sa •<br />
American Express<br />
C.O.D. • School P.O.'s