ZXComputing Apr-May 1983

A N ARGUS SPECIALIST PUBLICATION
APRIL/MAY 83
$3.75 £1.85
Britain's Biggest MagaizM

O v e r 1 2 0 p a g e s o f j m
i n f o r m a t i o n a n d ^ ^ B
p r o g r a m s f o r ^ ^
z x S p e c t r u m , X - ~ * , s •• * # 'f- j 7
z x 8 i a n d n r i m ^ - ^
C o m p u t e r s
•Games, educational
and business
programs
• Much more on
machine code ^ ^ ^
•Check the ^
options
in our «»«-«—
Z X Sp4>Otru«ii
software
lists
HJMMI «»" '
- - - 3 - rrn
* fH « fHtW 4NMO 'Ptv VKfTO
• News, • • Hi • • Hi
views and • • fli M M H i • t
c V
r G V I G W S SJIST t «. "
on all
that's new
•Special
feature - a guide to Spectrum add-ons
J I
1 w J
si h • ^ i k
A fast and furious arcade action game for the

ZX Spectrum. Orbiter is written entirety in m/c
code with full arcade features including scan- r_ t
ners. reverse, hyper-space, continuous scor-
w
ing, sound effects and humanoids.
Survival is the name of the game in this exciting

scramble-type arcade game. Fast machine
code action with full arcade features.
l i f 1
MUNCHER
Fruiteatingmonsterbeatingmazemunching Soar through the stars in this exciting new

creaturecrunchingghostchasingfastamazing space ship simulation. This new, advanced ver-
Muncher! Fast machine code. maze, race sion of Startrek uses the full colour and sound
I and chase game facilities of the Spectrum microcomputer.
ZX 8 1 Arcade Action List ZX - Spectrum Software

ZX 81 Compiler • £5.95 Orbiter • £5.95
Muncher (ZX 81) • £4.95 Ground Attack • £5.95
Asteroids • £4.95 Starship Enterprise • £5.95
Invaders • £3.95 Muncher
•
• £5-95
Alien-dropout £3.95
Startrek • £3.95
I enclose a cheque/PO for £
Graphic Golf • £3.95 Please send me as indicated.
Name
Address
GENEROUS DEALER
DISCOUNTS AVAILABLE Send to: SILVERSOFT LTD.
20 Orange Street
London WC2H 7ED
PROGRAMMERS. Tired of working for nothing, send your programs to SILVERSOFT for a speedy reply.
i
I !
•I ;
Make much
fi
'Compatible software f r o m - 1
1 ' Abbex Abersoft Axis
Silversoft Quicksilva
more ofyour
New Generation Software/ v-
DK "Ironies and more!! / I,
ZX Spectrum / ZX81
ZXcomputer!
F O R O N E JOYSTICK AND
INTERFACE MODULE
BUILT, T E S T E D & READY FOR USE
* N O S O L D E R I N G , interface m o d u l e plugs i n t o rear
c o n n e c t o r b e t w e e n ZX and R a m Pack, Printer etc.
* NO S P E C I A L P R O G R A M M I N G , Joystick I simulates
cursor m o v e m e n t keys 5 t o 8 t h r o u g h interface m o d u l e .
* I M M E D I A T E L Y C O M P A T I B L E WITH A L L S O F T W A R E
using the a r r o w keys for m o v e m e n t . More memory for your ZX81J
* TWO J O Y S T I C K S c o n n e c t via o n e interface module.
ZX-PANDA.
* EIGHT DIRECTION, SELF CENTRALISING ACTION
with integral ' F I R E ' b u t t o n .
The uniquely expandable 16K RAM pack
* F R E E ' V I D E O G R A F F I T I ' program & full instructions. The professionally produced 16K RAM Pack
IMPORTANT: Use will not invalidate your Sinclair guarantee. that is expandable to 32K simply by
plugging-in our expansion module.
FROM: MR/MRS/MISS
Start with 16K . . . expand later to 32K!
ADDRESS
Solidly built, attractively cased to fit
perfectly on to a ZX81 without wobble!
Includes LEO power indicator.
SEND C.W.O. To: A.G.F. H A R D W A R E , Dept, 2XC
26 Van Gogh Plact. Bognor Regis, West Sussex PQ22 9BY The RAM pack that won't become
QTY ITEM I T E M PRICE TOTAL redundant when you want more than 16K!
JOYSTICK 7.54
INTERFACE M O D U L E 15.96 16K Expandable RAM £32.95
ZX Spectrum Q Z X 8 1 QPiease tick FINAL TOTAL
16K Expansion Module £19.95
More sound from your ZX Spectrum!

Echo
Not only more sound, but better sound and a wide range of
other facilities!
Control Volume, and adjust tone of sound!
Load and Save without switching leads!
Audible cue facility for tape programs!
DIN compatibility!
No additional power supply needed!.
Attractively cased - looks good
- SOUNDS GOOD!
Only £23.50
r To: SlonKhip Electronics, Unit 9, The Bioot Industrial Estate. Dtadbrook Lane,
Aldershot, Hants, Telephone: (0252) 311760.
Please forward me the lollo«inf products:
All prices lie inclusive of VAT, Post I Packing (or U.K. deliveries (weiseas add 15%)
Name
Addiess
STONECHIP
EDUCATIONAL, SPECTACULAR A N D LOTS OF FUN
- SFND SAE FOR FULL DESCRIPTION S DETAILS OF
SPECTRUM APPLICATION SOFTWARE.
ELECTRONICS
This great program is available now for £11.95 ( V A T and P+P "more ways to make more of
-J
included). Access & Barclaycard welcome. Dealer enquiries invited.
KUMA COMPUTERS LTD., 11 York Road, Maidenhead, Berks. ^ your computer"
^Tgtephone^Q628)ji0822 Telex 849462
J
DEALER ENQUIRIES WELCOME Delivery appro*Udays
ZX C O M P U T I N G APRIL/MAY 1983
1
s- /
7
ZX Computing Deputy Editor: Roger Munford Origination and design by M M Design ft Print,
Volume One Advertising Manager: Jelf Raggett 1 4 5 Charing Cross Road, London W C 2 H OEE.
Number Six Divisional Advertising Manager: Beverley McNeill
April/May 1 9 8 3 Managing Editor: Ron Harris Published by Argus Specialist Publications Ltd.
CONTENTS
Managing Director: T J Connell 1 4 5 Charing Cross Road, London W C 2 H OEE
Letters 8 H A d d i n g o n Your HNews

Is someone out there having the same Spectrum 27 All the news from Sinclair Research, the
problems as you? What does everyone latest software and hardware
If you thought the ZX Spectrum was an announcements. Read it here first.
think of the latest software on the
'all-singing, all dancing' micro, just wait
market? Has anyone found anything
until you see it in action with some of the
about their machine that you haven't
found on yours? This is the place to
peripherals available. You'll almost Club Corner 58
believe a micro can fly.
look. . . A n o t h e r s e l e c t i o n of user clubs
dedicated to the Sinclair computers,
Better Sheepdog Trial eager for your attention and support.
Programming . . .13 Not so much of a trial, but Guy Morgan

definitely assumed you'd enjoy a tactical Battleships 60
Robert Speel has a new book out this game when he wrote this program on his
month called 'Better Programming on ZX81. Anchors away. Spectrum at the ready
your Spectrum and Z X 8 V . We present a and it's off to sea. A splendid adaptation
of the classic old favourite, from Jeff
sneak preview.
Machine Code Hamilton.
Air Raid 1 8 ™ T u t o r
4 0
Stand up all those who don't understand
Stock Control 65
Have an explosive time on your Z X 8 1
machine code. Well, don't just stand Keep your business stock in order with
with this program written for us by
there — sit down and read this article! this fine program written by Neil
Stephen Ormrod.
Streeter. Although written for the ZX81,
there are notes on conversion to the
Sinclair s o f t w a r e For H F A CUP Spectrum.
Your '81 24 It's on the road to Wembley with this fun
Nick Pearce checks out the latest listing from GL Maynard for you and your
Bookshelf
software titles from the Sinclair stable. Spectrum. Patrick Cain dons his reading glasses and
Do they come up to scratch? pores over a n o t h e r selection of
computer books for your library.
The Learning
Process . .08 The Art of
An educational package which
Programmin
comprises a book and a cassette as part
the 1K ZX81J
of the learning process? James Waish
takes a look and reports back with his
impressions.
Machine Code colour
Graphics 74
Clocking On
Robert Erskine takes on the challenging
Got the inclination? Then, just type this subject of creating colour graphics on his
into your Spectrum and thanks to Ben Spectrum using machine code — not for
Rimmer, you'll soon have the time. those of a nervous disposition!
J
383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 4
ZX Computing 15 published bi-monthly on the fourth Friday of the month. Distributed by: Argus Press Sales & Distribution Ltd 1 2 - 1 8 Paul Street. London EC2A
4JS. 0 1 24 7 8 2 3 3 . Printed by: Henry Garnet) Ltd.. Rotherham
The contents of this publication including all articles, designs, plans, drawings and programs and all copyright and other intellectual property rights therein belong
to Argus Specialist Publications Ltd. All rights conferred by the Law of Copyright and other intellectual property rights and by virtue of international copyright con-
ventions are specifically reserved to Argus Specialist Publications Ltd. Any reproduction requires the prior written consent of Argus Specialist Publications Ltd
Argus Specialist Publications Ltd 1 9 8 3
The Hobbit 76Hspectramon — Mastering Machine

You've read the book, and seen the part one 88 Code On Your
film. . . now play the computer game
on your ZX Spectrum, Phil Garrett takes The first part of a feature by Simon Spectrum 118
us on a guided tour of Middle Earth. Goodwin in which he explains the
workings of his incredible diassembler This issue, Toni shows you how to make
listing for the 48K Spectrum, music on your Spectrum using machine
code.
On Target 92 Software
Timothy Panell presents a double bill of Selection . . . . . .122
programs for your Z X 8 1 .
A comprehensive guide to the software
market for the Z X 8 1 and Spectrum
Asteroids A h e a d . 9 1M computers. Complete with details of
price, etc, you'll also find a list of
Watch out for the asteroids as you steer supplier's addresses.
your spaceship through deepest space.
A program for your Spectrum by Clyde
Bish.
user Character
set 98
Horsing About . . . 79 Define a whole new set of characters on
Andrew Haslem saddles up his Z X 8 0 your Z X 8 1 , w i t h a little bit of help from
with this horse-race game. David Mold, of course.
ZX-CESIL 2 —
Your chance to win a library of books for part one . .104
your Spectrum library. All you have to do
is to tell us where the authors are. . . John Miller begins his adaptation of the Machine -
educational computer language, CESIL 2. Specifications . . 1 3 3
into The Fourth _mi _ , __ „ „ A reference guide to the Sinclair range of
Dimension 8 3 H N u m b e r Tumbler 108 products. It's all here.
If you thought that three dimensions Watch those numbers tumble in this ZX Computing is constantly on- the look-out for
were enough for a computer game, then game of chance from Mark Berke. well written articles and programs If you think
that your efforts meet our standards, please feel
join Phil Garratt as he delves into the free to submit your work to us for consideration.
fourth dimension. Circuit S k e t c h . . . 1 1 1 Alt submitted material should be typed if possi-
ble; handwritten work will be considered, hut
please use your neatest handwriting Any pro-
The perfect program for the electronic
Adding interest To hobbyist. An electrifying listing for your
grams submitted should be listed, a cassette of
your program alone will not be considered. AH pro-
Your Programs — Spectrum written by GL Maynard. grams must come complete with a full explanation
of the operation and. where relevant, the struc-
part one 84 ture: Spectrum programs should be accompanied
it's All A C a m e . . . 1 1 4 wilh a cassette of the program (which will be
returned) as well as the listing
Tim Hartnell, programming author All submissions wilt be acknowledged and any
extraordinaire, begins a two-part feature James Walsh compares a selection oi published work will be paid for at competitive
on how to make your programs that bit t h e latest a r c a d e - s t y l e software rates All work for consideration should be sent to
the Deputy Editor at our Charing Cross Road
more interesting. packages for the ZX Spectrum. address.

M.C. LOTHLORIEN
a prophecy with hindsight for all SINCLAIR owners
BEWARE THE IDES OF MARCH!

ROMAN EMPIRE The prophecy might be a bit lale. but then it did not help
Julius Caesar anyway! Late or not it is never too late to discover the
challenge of Roman Empire, our largest selling Spectrum game. It will test
your generalship as you build your armies, and fight campaigns in your
attempt to conquer armies in provinces of the Roman Empire. This
challenging game takes full account of troop morale, fighting efficiencies,
leadership ability etc. Three levels of play giving many hours of satisfaction.
You may find you were born a mere 2000 years too late' SPECTRUM 16K
ZX 81 16K. also DRAGON 32.
T Y R A N T OF A T H E N S SAMURAI WARRIOR P E L O P O N N E S I A N WAR

(ZX81 and Spectrum) (ZX81 and Spectrum) (ZX 81 only)
Can you survive long enough to turn Athens How would you have tared as a Samurai in Set during the great war between Athens
into the most leared stale in the Mediter- 13th Century J a p a n ' Face challenges from (you) and Sparta You must use all your
ranean"> Tram troops, build warships, fight other Samurai, give aid to villages and resist resources of troops, warships and
battles by land and sea againsl hostile attacks by groups of marauding bandits 7 diplomats and your struggle to gain the
Greek States and the vast Persian Empire levels of play, a most fascinating game Are alliance of the other neutral stales, before
Many more features in this, our best selling you a survivor or will you commit ritual (he final battle Three levels of play, instruc-
game (Dragon version available) suicide? (Dragon version available) tions contain map of Greece for reference
Also available WARLORD tor ZX 81 16K (and DRAGON) set m 13th Century Japan
All games contain comprehensive playing instructions and they play differently at each level
(where applicable) and on each occasion. All ZX 81 need 16K Ram. All Spectrum will run on
16 or 48K. PRICES: SPECTRUM £5.50 ZX 81 £4.50 (DRAGON £6.95)
ACCESS NO OR CHEQUES AND PO'S PLEASE MADE PAYABLE TO:
M.C. LOTHORIEN
Dept Z1, 4 Granby Road, Cheadle Hulme, Cheadle, Cheshire SK8 6LS. E3
NOWOTNIK PUZZLE KNIGHT'S QUEST
For either the 16K Spectrum or A full-blooded adventure for

I6K ZX81, this is an original the 48K Spectrum using split-
challenge for anyone. The screen graphic pictures and
screen becomes the playing a scrolling text window. You
board for this addictive puzzle. must find Merlin's lost treasure,
Machine coded for smooth and battling elves, scorpions, drag-
instant responses, it offers four ons; rescue a princess from the
levels of difficulty. The com- evil Wizard of Trill - it goes on
puter breaks and shuffles a and on! Over 120 locations plus
two-by-two coloured square - a full English command line
have you the skill and mental scanner, machine coded for
agility to restore it? "Very fast recognition. Truly state-of-
addictive" - Z X Computing the-art! Also available for the
Feb/March I983. 16K ZX81.
ZX SPECTRUM ZX81
Knight's Quest (48K) £5.95 Knight' Quest (16K) £4.95
Nowotnik Puzzle (16K) £4.95 Nowotnik Puzzle & Other Diversions (16K) £5.00
ZX8I Adventure Tape (3 full 16K games) £5.00
Dept F F R E E P O S T EM463 (No stamp required)

PHIPPS ASSOCIATES 99 East St, Epsom, Surrey KT17 1BR.
Telephone 03727-21215. 24hr phone service.
Prices include postage (outside Europe add £1.00) per item.
383IZX C O M P U T I N G A P R I L / M A Y 1983 6
J
SPECTRUM ADVENTURES
SPECTRUM VALLEY
Choose y o u r character type carefully Barbarians recover quickly but their magtc doesn't come easily. A
Wizard? Slow on the draw and slow to mature but live long enough and grow wise enough and your lightning
bolts are almost unstoppable .
Spectrum Valley is a real-time game of adventure and survival. You may choose one ol five character types
to be your personal 'extension of self' to battle and put your wits against a number of monsters. Find treasure,
fight a Thunder-Lizard in the arid deserts of the Valley, conquer a Kraken in the lakes surrounding the dread
Temples of Y'Nagioth or cauterise a Wraith in the Black Tower. In fact.live out the fantasies you've only dared
dream about. BUT BEWARE more die than live to tell the tale!
ONL Y £11.45 ALL INCLUSIVE!
ADVENTURE SERIES No 1
THE WHITE BARROWS - Program approximately 8K
Somewhere amid this maze of burial chambers lurks an Evil Sorcerer whom you need to trap. Trouble is, he's
protected by Trolls. Dwarves, Serpents and the occasional Dragon or two 1 Your magic staff will block the tunnel
to prevent him escaping unless, that is, he outwits you.
A real brain twister. White Barrows requires both brains and brawn from its players. It's no good just hacking
your way through the Barrows and hoping to fall over the Sorcerer. Eventually you'll meet a Dragon — and they
don't hack easily! You'll need all your cunning and strength to survive this one tor long.
ONL Y £6 50 ALL INCL USIVE!
CONQUERING EVEREST - Program approximately 11K

So. you think climbing mountains is all about scrambling over rocks? This superb piece of programming will
soon change all that1
You are in charge of an expedition comprising 18 climbers. 34 Sherpas and 40 Porters. There is food, tents
and equipment for all, including the oxygen you'll need as you near the summit. Trouble is. it all starts at ihe
BOTTOM of the mountain and you have to get it all to the TOP! Each route upward must be forced and any
camp you make must be properly supplied, otherwise the expedition members will retreat down the mountain.
The monsters in this game are avalanches, starvation, storms and worst of all, bad planning! A real thinking
person's adveniure, Everest will test your skill and forward planning to the limit.
ONLY £6.50 ALL INCLUSIVE!
OR BOTH MASSIVE ADVENTURES FOR £11.45 ALL INCLUSIVE!
ADVENTURE SERIES No 2
CELLS & SERPENTS - Approximately 11K
More monsters lhan you ever thought could fit behind yor keyboard. Wander the hills in search of gold and glory
but be very, very careful where you tread" There are things here that make your wildest nightmares look like
Julie Andrews. Fancy meeting a Mind Flayer for example? Or shaking hands with an Asmodeus maybe? (You'
only do that once!) Treasure is here to be found.. the hard way'
See how good you really are at Adventure with this practically unsurvivable fantasy Not for the faint of heart
or the slow of sword.
ONL Y £6 50 ALL INCLUSIVEI
STOCKMARKET - Approximately 11K

There are other ways of making money than bashing Trolls on the head, Try this one for a change. Contend with
a fluctuating economy, tax investigations, bullish opponents, impatient bank managers and consortium
takeovers as you try to make your first million.
It is decidedly difficult and definitely compulsive A must for all those aspiring financial wizards, both young
and old Easy to play bul harder to beat than a Dragon Up to six players can join in too.
ONL Y £6 50 ALL INCL USIVE!
OR BOTH GAMES FOR £11.45 ALL INCLUSIVE!
A l l tapes available f o r
S p e c t r u m 48K
I Please send me . tape(s) of ."]

J (state which tape is required}.
I I enclose my cheque/postal Order/International Money Order (delete as necessary)
for. (made payable to ASP Ltd)
or Debit my Access/Barclaycard (delete as necessary).
Please use BLOCK CAPITALS
Name ( M r / M s l
Address.
Postcode
Signature Date
Pleaseâllow 2J jia^s for_delivery_ J
ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1 9 8 3 l
J
WELCOME
machine code on your Spectrum you'd just like to supplement

w i t h some hints on making your pocket money, get writing!
music. Also, Mark Wenham It is vital, though, that all the pro-
delves deep into the mysterious grams you send to us are totally
world of machine code to bring original, and not 'borrowed' or
us an easier method of making 'adapted' from other magazines
sense of certain instructions. or books. {When Tim Hartnell
As usual, our reviewers have was sitting in the Editor's chair,
been up to their necks in the he even received 'original' con-
latest software and publications tributions he himself had written
for the Z X 8 1 and ZX Spectrum, for his o w n books!)
and their reports are included Any kind of program (busi-
within these pages. Also, turn to ness, domestic, educational, or
the news pages for what's new just fun) will be welcomed, but
in software, hardware and com- particularly those which use ZX
puter clubland. BASIC in clever and efficient
ways, or those which employ
Speciality of the certain routines which can be re-
house used in other programs.
Program listings are vital,
This issue contains a couple of along with a clear explanation of
special features which I hope h o w t h e p r o g r a m is con-
will prove useful in your assess- structed, what it does and what
ment of the ZX market. the user can expect to see once
The first is a brief guide to the program is RUN (a screen
hardware add-ons for the ZX dump is particularly valuable in
Spectrum. In this feature, our this respect). When submitting
review team takes a quick look Spectrum programs, it is very
at the various pieces of hard- i m p o r t a n t t o r e m e m b e r to
ware, complete w i t h details of enclose a cassette of the pro-
operation and ease of installa- gram as well as the listing, as
tion. Although, it had been in- this will allow us to check the
itially planned to include key- program before publication.
boards in this feature, there was
so much hardware available that Lastly...
to do the keyboards justice, w e
will be looking at them in detail in I wish you many hours of enjoy-
Hello there, glad you could join that the standard set so far has a forthcoming issue. ment with this magazine. And
me for another ZX Computing, been very high. This is more w i t h that, it's now time for you
Our other special feature this
as usual stacked with informa- than borne out by programs to switch on your computer
issue is the Software selection.
tion for your Sinclair computer. such as Circuit sketch by G L system and get down to the
In what must be one of the most
In this, our sixth issue, there Maynard and Battleships by Jeff serious business of making the
comprehensive guides to ZX
is the usual mix of programs for Hamilton. most of your micro with ZX
software, you will find the titles,
your S p e c t r u m , Z X 8 1 and I am also pleased to include Computing.
n a m e s of t h e p u b l i s h e r s ,
Z X 8 0 , covering a wide range of the first part of a t w o part article amount of memory required to
interests such as business, called Spectramon. This article run each program, and the price Roger Munford
domestic, educational, games introduces you to Simon Good- of the package. There is also a
and utilities. There are also ar- win's incredible disassembler list of the supplier's addresses
ticles and programs specifically program for the ZX Spectrum, so that you can make further en-
written to help the beginner the full listing of which will ap- quiries.
master the art of programming, pear in the next issue.
and others to further develop the Of course, that's not to say Contributions
skills of the experienced Sinclair that the quality of ZX81 pro-
user. grams has in any way dimini- We are always on the lookout
shed. We are including some for good programs and articles
Inside information strong programs for this com- for future issues of ZX Com-
puter including Stock control, a puting, and where better to look
Before you start flicking through fine business listing written by than to our o w n readers. If,
the pages of this magazine to Neil S t r e e t e r , w h i c h c o u l d w h e n reading t h r o u g h t h e
savour the contents, let me first b e n e f i t any c o m p a n y ; and magazine, you think you can
whet your appetite. Sheepdog trial by Guy Morgan write programs as well, or better
As more of you are flexing and Air raid by Stephen Ormrod than, our present contributors,
your programming skills on your for a bit of fun. then let's hear from you.
Spectrums, so more of you are And for all those would-be All c o n t r i b u t i o n s are, of
sending in your programs for machine code masters, Toni course, paid for at very com-
possible publication in ZX Com- Baker continues her excellent petitive rates. So, if you've got
puting. And I'm happy to say series on getting to grips with your eye on a new ZX add-on or
1983 ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983
]
WELCOME
1
2
L E T
L E T
F $ = "
X = 1 0 0
" Anyone for
1 0 D I M ft ( 9 ) bridge?
ik) F- O R Z = 1 T O 9
3 0 L E T fl=IMT ( R N D * 9 > + I I wonder if any of your readers
4-0 I F Z = 1 T H E N G O T O 3 0 could help me with a Z X 8 1 pro-
5 0 F O R U = 1 T O Z - l gramming problem?
6 0 I F ft[J)= ft T H E N G O T O 3 0 I am in the process of writing
"70 N E X T U a bridge program which will
oiZ> LET R (Z.I = R allow the player to bid and play a
Sound advice 9
9
0
5
M E X T
L E T
Z
B = 0
game of bridge against the com-
puter. The problem arises as
Dear ZX Computing, 9 7 P R I N T P T S . S ;
follows.
With regard to our program, 1 0 0 F O R 3 = 1 T O 9
1 1 0 P R I N T ft(51:
It is easy enough to instruct
Time-Gate, for the 4 8 K ZX the computer that if four people
1 2 0 N E X T 3
Spectrum, w e have had a play, say, the 2, 3, 4 and 5 of
_ 3 0 P R I N T
number of enquiries from cus- 7VV-XNT- Spades in a given trick, the 5 will
tomers telling us that the pro- i O S P R I N T " E N T E R N U M B E R T O R E V E win because it is the highest.
gram crashes once LOADed. :SE . M O U E ' ' ; B + 1 What is much harder is to
This may well be a fault on the 20"? P R I N T P T 1 0 1 0 ; " organise matters so that if the
ZX Spectrum and the way it a 1 0 I N P U T J players play the Jack. Queen,
deals with sound in machine 2 1 5 P R I N T P T 0 King and Ace of a certain suit
code routines, rather than any (represented by J, Q, K and A),
fault with our software. 2 2 0 I F J < 1 OR U > 9 T H E N G O T O I t
the Ace will win the hand. In the
Thus, w i t h each copy of 2 6 0 L E T K = ( J + l , 2
language of Sinclair, seniority of
2 7 0 F O R Z = 1 T O K
Time-Gate, we are including the letters are in alphabetical order;
2 6 0 L E T R =R i Z I
following paragraph as part of thus, Q is greater than K, K is
2 3 5 L E T fi(Z)=fl(J+l-Z3
the instructions: 2 3 7 L E T R I J t l - Z ) = P greater than J, and J is greater
£ 9 0 N E X T Z than A.
'The programs should RUN
automatically once LOADed. If 2 9 5 L E T B = B + 1 What is required is a machine
the p r o g r a m L O A D s t h e n
30.0 F O R Z = 1 T O 9 code routine which will re-
3 1 0 I F P i Z i < >Z T H E N G O T O 9 7 arrange the alphabet in such a
crashes, then your Spectrum 3 2 0 N E X T Z
may be at fault and should be way that A is greater than K, K is
3 2 5 P R I N T ft T 6 .. 6 :
returned to Sinclair Research for greater than Q, and Q is greater
3 3 0 r f t I N T h T * to . 0 .""" I T " i u D K "V O i l ? than J. Because the 10 is the on-
examination. If this is the case, 5 ; MOVeS
the crash will usually occur im- ly card with t w o digits, this also
3 3 1 I F B = X T H E N G 0 3 U B 6 0 0
mediately, but on some 3 3 2 I F B >X T H E N P R I N T P T 1 0 , 0 ; "
needs to use a separate letter
machines, problems may only 5 h D L J C K " ( w i t h suitable seniority) to
appear when they warm up. 3 3 5 I F B = X T H E N P R I N T 0 , 0 ; " L denote it.
This problem will not generally Q U E S T S C O R E " , . . . F $ , X , 1 $ .X If anyone is able to help me
show up on programs written in 3 3 6 I F B < X T H E N G O S U E 5 0 0 w i t h this problem, I would be
BASIC or small machine code 3 3 7 I F B < = X T H E N P R I N T P T 0 , 0 ; ' most grateful. There are, of
programs which lack sound.'
_ Q U E S T S C O R E " . . . , F $ . X course, many ways around this
3 3 6 I F B <X T H E N P R I N T P T 0 , 0 ; " L problem other than re-arranging
Yours faithfully, D U E S T S C O R E " . . . . F $ . X the alphabet, but they take up
3 3 9 P R I N T P T 2 0 . 0 : " P R E S S ft N Y K L rather a lot of memory space —
Quicksilva, : T O S T A R T ftGPIN"
can anyone help?
34-Ci P R U S E 4-E4-
92 Northam Road, Yours faithfully,
34.1 P R I N T P T 6 . 6 ; " ** ; P
Southampton. T 3 . 0 : "
S02 OPB " ; P T 1 0 , 0 ; " R Wheen,
3 5 0 P R I N T P T 20.'.©.;" London W 1 1 .
3 6 © G O T O 1 0
5 0 0 P R I N T
5 0 5 L E T X = B
5 1 © P R I N T " Y O U R S C O R E I S T H E L O
vJEST " " P L E P 3 E E N T E R Y O U R N A M E "
5 2 © I N P U T F $ •
5 3 © C L S
54-0 R E T U R N
S 0 0 P R I N T
6 1 0 P R I N T Y O U R S C O R E I S T H E S P
Extra, extra i"1 E P S " ; F $ . P L E P S E E N T E R Y O U R N P
Dear ZX Computing. 6 2 0 I N P U T 1 $
I have followed up your modi- 6 3 0 C L S
fication ideas for the game
'Swappo' as published in the
64-© R E T U R N Checkers cheating
first issue of ZX Computing. The program listing of the Dear ZX Computing,
Here is a program listing of the original S w a p p o game plus
I've only had my Z X 8 1 for three
original program plus my modifi- Mark's modifications.
weeks now, but as soon as I
Cittinn* bought my 16K RAM Pack I
My lowest score for this game tried your 'Corner checkers' pro-
is 6. gram in the October/November
Yours faithfully. issue of ZX Computing.
I decided to sit down and
write some additional lines to
Mark Colson,
prevent anyone cheating. Here
Horncastle, is an explanation of what the
Lines. program does.
983 ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1 9 8 3
J
WELCOME
Line 7 0 6 2 — Only allows you covered in small rapidly moving Line 14 should have read: printed onto the screen, fol-
to move one of dots. Twice I returned the RAM lowed by the message 'H out of
14 LET Y = Y + (2 = V A L " 1 " ) -
your pieces, and pack to the shop where I bought memory, 0 : 1 ' . If the program
only to an empty it and each time got the same (X = V A L " 0 " )
does LOAD, it may crash with a
square. picture. Hope this has been of help. similar message when it is being
Line 7 0 6 5 — Allows moves of Eventually I rang up Memo- Yours faithfully, RUN. Machine code programs
one square only. tech in Oxford and spoke to a usually leave the Spectrum with
Line 7 0 6 6 — Prohibits moves 'Technical Adviser' who told me Laurence Buckley. the system variable RAMtop set
of more than t w o that the strange display was due County Cork, to a relatively low value. Even
squares. to a redesign by Sinclair Re- Ireland. after pressing New and Enter,
Line 7 0 7 6 — Only allows search in November 1 9 8 2 . He the machine still believes that it
moves of t w o then told me to send my RAM is a 10K or 12K Spectrum.
squares if they pack back to Memotech and The simplest solution is to
are legitimate they would modify it to work turn off the power to the ZX
'capture' moves. with the new ZX81 s. Spectrum after RUNning your
Line 7 1 9 9 - Necessary to I just wonder how many peo- Chess, Space Invaders or Gulp-
return from the ple have had a Z X 8 1 for Christ- man programs. When you turn
subroutine, but mas which was built after Nov- the machine back on. the com-
delete line 7 9 0 0 . ember 1 9 8 2 and are having the puter will once more have 16K
same problem. I think Memo- or 48K of available memory.
Here is my additional program. t e c h should say s o m e t h i n g Alternatively, use CLEAR
about this incompatibility thus 3 2 5 9 9 or CLEAR 6 5 3 6 7 to
7062 IF A(A) < > H O R A ( B ) stopping people like me from reset RAMtop, depending, of
< > E THEN GOTO spending a fortune on transport course, whether you have a 16K
7200 fares to get one that works. or 48K ZX Spectrum respective-
7 0 6 4 LET Q = A B S ( A - B ) Yours faithfully, ly-
7 0 6 5 IF Q = 9 OR Q = 11 This problem may well cause
THEN GOTO 7 0 7 0 G Shackleford. users to believe that a cassette
7 0 6 6 IF Q > 2 2 THEN GOTO Eastcote. or perfectly satisfactory soft-
7200 Middlesex. ware product is faulty, ideally,
7 0 7 6 IF Q > 1 1 AND A there should be a warning notice
((A + B)/2)< > C THEN • / had word with a spokesper- on c o m m e r c i a l l y available
GOTO 7 2 0 0 son from Memotech as soon as / machine code programs poin-
7 1 9 9 RETURN received this letter and was told And again... ting out that after their use, the
7 2 0 0 PRINT AT 0,6; that the problem with the ZX Spectrum will be left with
"CHEAT" Dear ZX Computing,
redesigned ZX81 and temporary amnesia.
7 2 1 0 PAUSE 1 0 0 May I draw attention to an ap-
Memotech RAM packs has now Yours faithfully,
7 2 2 0 PRINT AT 0 . 0 ; " NOW parent mistake in an article in the
been overcome. Memotech
TRY A LEGAL MOVE" Dec/Jan issue of ZX Computing.
would like to offer their Jeff Warrren,
7 2 3 0 PAUSE 1 0 0 apologies for the inconvenience On page 1 0 6 , during an arti-
cle on board garnet, my Z X 8 1 Calpac Computer Software.
7 2 4 0 PRINT AT to any of their customers and
0,0;" would suggest that any RAM does not seem to realise it has
7250 GOTO 7 0 1 0 packs in need of modification lost a piece unless I insert a line
should be sent directly to their such as:
T h a n k s for an entertaining offices. The address to send
magazine. your RAM pack to, should it be 7 1 3 2 LET A I M 0 * ( A 1 + 8 1 )/2) +
Yours faithfully, incompatible to your ZX81, is: (A2 + B2J/2) = CODE" "
Stephen Green, Memotech Ltd,

Lenwade, Witney, Everything else now seems to
Norfolk. Oxon OX8 68X. work OK.
Yours faithfully, Fantasy island
B W Youngs, Dear ZX Computing,
Stonesfield, I must inform you of my suc-
Oxford. cess! After only four days of
playing 'Fantasy Games' (or
more particularly, side t w o of
the cassette from Psion Soft-
ware — Sorcerer's Island), I ac-
tually managed to get o f f the
island.
As I played the game more, I
Redesign required * seemed to lose the urge to get
off the island and acquired a
I Dear ZX Computing, need to explore and map the
I I think you may find the follow-

ing interesting. Out of memory
area instead. I have met the
Dwarf King and the Grand
I recently bought a ZX81
and, after about a week, I
error Sorcerer, and explored the
Dwarf's underground kingdom
splashed out yet more cash on The bugs are Dear ZX Computing, and the Sorcerer's castle (situ-
what I thought was the best
looking RAM pack, the Memo-
biting... Could y o u please tell your
readers about a problem which
ated to the left and right of the
lake respectively).) have achiev-
tech model. After a number of Dear ZX Computing. can arise after using a machine ed the rank of master-bone
' phone calls, I found one in West I would like to advice you of an code program on the ZX Spec- grade t w o (which is higher than
Ealing and I went and bought it. error in your Oct/Nov 1 9 8 2 trum. grade one) mainly by fighting to
I got home, powered up the issue of ZX Computing. One of If you attempt to LOAD a get cash, bribing and resting fre-
micro with the new RAM pack, the lines of 'Ground to Air reasonably long program im- quently (which gives you back
and all I got was a picture Missile' on page 4 1 was wrong. mediately afterwards, the title is the valuable 10 life points you
10 383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983

WELCOME
in. fol- these 'primitive' measures.
H out of Yours faithfully,
irogram
1 with a R A and S J Hodge,
is being Belgravia.
ograms London.
im with
Itop set
Even
Enter,
t that it
m.
i is to
the ZX
g your
r Gulp
>u turn The winner...
e com- Dear ZX Computing,
ie 16K I felt I had to put pen to paper
ory after I read Nick Pearce's review
;LEAR of Bomber', a software
I67 to cassette from Psion.
ng. of In his review, Nick Pearce
>a 16K said that 'it is probably im-
ective- possible to completely obliterate
the city'. Well, my record is
1 , 0 1 0 points, which means that
I have destroyed nearly five
cities.
And, better than that, my
brother is unmatchable with an
unbelievable score of 2 , 6 3 2
which is nearly 13 cities des-
troyed. All these scores were
achieved at speed nine. Our
record for speed three is 5 8 8 .
Yours faithfully,
lose every time you move). names of these items may seem M y Z X 8 1 has been much ex-
I found the game very absor- wierd and have little meaning, panded, and the + 1 2 V is Narinder Sahota,
bing, and, as I probably spent but the right items are important needed for the RAM. The ZX Warley,
more time on the game than and the names can provide system I now have has become Birmingham.
your reviewer, Nick Pearce, can useful hints as to their use. Also, very complex and t would like to
I offer the following hint: when watch out for the Balrog, the avoid the need to dismantle and Spectrum
you leave the Dwarf's kingdom,
ask for information!
King of Dwarves and the Grand
Sorcerer. They are not what
install yet another regulator. I
have written to Sinclair Re-
suggestions
I think that more information they seem and if treated in the search w i t h this question but as Dear ZX Computing,
on the inlay card of the tape right way can become invalua- yet have had no reply. I would I'd like to take this opportunity
would have been welcome as I ble allies — however, treat them much appreciate some help, as I to suggest a couple of couple of
found most of the game had t o wrong and you will find them am not happy using the printer tips and ideas for the ZX Spect-
be Earned by trial and error. formidable foes. until I am sure it will do no harm. trum.
Next time, Psion, more detail Last of all, you may travel Your faithfully, The Spectrum can write to
on the fantasy games, please. over the areas marked out as files (or so the manual says) and
Yours faithfully, water given the right assistance, K Graham, indeed, w i t h o u t the Micro-
and when you come across the Blackpool, drives. that statements
John Shiali, Ornate Golden Door, you are Lanes. PRINT #, etc, can still be used.
London N19. fairly near the exit. For example, try PRINT #2;
I feel that knowledge of the " Fred". You will see that chan-
above few points should assist A touch of the nel 2 is the top half of the screen.
Fantasy island ll any weary, frustrated adven- wobbles? Now try PRINT #3;(state-
turer in leaving the island ment) or LIST #3;(line number)
Dear ZX Computing, without giving away too much. Dear ZX Computing, and you will see that the channel
I have just this evening read a Thank you, Psion, for your Having bought a ZX81 w i t h 3 is the printer. Thus, the t w o
review of Psion's Fantasy 'Fantasy Games', — I thor- 1 6K RAM Pack for my 10 year examples are equivalent to
Games cassette in your maga- oughly enjoyed myself. old daughter six months ago. LPRINT(statement) and LLIST
zine. I found the review well- Yours faithfully, We have both suffered growing (line number).
written and I would like to re- annoyance and frustration with Finaly, channels 0 and 1 (the
assure anyone who may have Michael Carroll, 'wobble' and program crashes. same channel as far as I can tell)
doubts about escaping from Wexford, Hearty laughter ensued on is the bottom half of the screen.
'Sorcerer's Island' that it is in- Ireland. reading the various suggested Thus, PRINT f* 1 .(statement)
deed possible. # •
remedies in last month's edition prints a statement to the bottom
I would not like to give away
the secrets of this work of art
Printer problem of ZX Computing.
Opening the RAM Pack and
half of the screen.
I hope you and your readers
but for those in despair, I would Dear ZX Computing, prising the circuit boards apart! find this information useful.
like to offer a number of tips Could any of your readers assist Skilled usage of 3 / 1 6 " hard- Yours faithfully,
without giving the game away. me w i t h a problem. Can the board!
First, watch out for what you Z X 8 1 Printer be used with a The price of 2 0 t h Century John Miller,
are carrying and anything that + 12V and + 5V supply instead technology! Farlington,
s you you may come across. The of the + 9V and + 5V supply? However we still intend to try Portsmouth.
1983 ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 11

'7TL00KS NICE BUT WHAT
THE HELL CANI DO WITH IT?" TO SHOOT DOWN
Every ZX SPECTRUM Printn'Ptotter Jotter has 100 pages of flnety
printed screen grids.
50 for the high resolution screen. SO for the normal character
THE THING FROM MARS?"
screen. Do you suffer from a minct-boggling mass of programmed keys?
with these at your disposal you can plan practically any graphics print- DO you write programs that use different keys to perform various
out to program Into your computer functions? if so, we have just the thing for your zx SPECTRUM .
The high-resolution PLOT grid shows every one of the 45.060 pixetsl A pack of Prtnrn'Ptotter Keyboard Overlays
Every one printed. Every one with its co-ordinate numbers. This gives Just write the function or functions under each key you program and
you enormous graphics power to DRAW, PLOT, CIRCLE, PLOT OVER and so
on In any position or screen building up graphic drawings, charts, maps Of course there s lots of more uses you will find for our OVERLAYS, user
... In fact anything without the complications of guesswork, Integer defined characters, keyboard scanners, mathematical programs,
out of range, or wrongly positioned pixel colours which change PRlNTed business uses—to name Just a few.
INK characters!
There's TEH OVERLAYS to a pack—so you can program with Impunity)
The normal character PRINT grids on the other hand will allow you to And they fit perfectly onto your standard zx SPECTRUM KEYBOARD.
be specific about PRINT AT, TAB. PRINT OVER, SCREENS and INK/ PAPER in Each OVERLAY is pn nted with the cursor movement key directions and
direct coordination with PLOT... you see every page Is printed on high there s room for program name etc.
quality tracing paper ideal to overlay on to Illustrations and copy
or coordinate.
And there* another bonus, because each page contains 24 user-
definable grids—2400 per pad!
with 50 pages of PLOT grids, 50 pages at PRINT grids 2400 user-
definable grids, a set of colour pens, a printed PIXEL RULER and our
Special Offer of demo programs. ITS THE BEST VALUE IN ZX GRAPHICS
PROGRAMMING.
"ZX&1 GRAPHICS BETTER

THAN SQUIGGLES AND BLOBS?"
Disappointed with ZXB1 Graphics? Perhaps you haven t explored the
vast possibilities.
why not invest In a ZX81 JOTTER, FILM and our guide ZX81 Graphics
programming made easy ?
The JOTTER is a 100 page pad of PRINT grids and PLOT grids with ail
numbered coordinates. The FILM is a reusable matt transparent
polyester version of the grids which can be drawn-on and used again...
ideal for overlaying and copying
The 24 page fun colour guide will show you how to use the JOTTER and
FILM to produce perfect low resolution graphics on your ZX&11
So stop squiggiing. Get a set nowl
"WHERE CAN IGETTHEM?' ZX SPECTRUM JOTTER @> £9 95 each

ZX SPECTRUM KEYBOARD OVE PLAYS C2 95 per pac k
ZX SPECTRUM DEMO CASSETTE @ 9Sp each
Post n o w or call at o n e of o u r r e t a i l e r s ! ZX81 JOTTER PADS SOeach
Post t o Print n P l o t t e r Products. 19 B o r o u g h ZX81 FILMS @E2 25 each
H i g h St., L o n d o n SE1 9SE ZX81 GRAPHICSPROGRAVMsNG GUIDE §>£isoeacn
ZX PRINTER PAPER £10 9S per five rolls
Name
Remittance enclosed Please bill my Access
Barciavcara Visa MasrercardNo YOU can see a n d o u y most of o u r p r o d u c t s at
Address: w H Smith (Computer Stores)
Buffer Micro i s t r e a t h a m i
Microwareaeicesten
Please note Price auoteo include VAT p&pfor Dennvs Bookshops i London ECi i
personal Computer services iDarwen lancsi
UK deliveries. Teiford Electronics & c o m p u t i n g i s n n n a m
Overseas order please add 25 : • for additional Georges Bookshop (Bristol)
Surface Man
L
12 ZX C O M P U T I N G A P R I L / M A Y 1983
Better
strength up to your maximum.
A s u c c e s s f u l hit on the
Notes on the
enemy lowers his strength by listing
one permanently. The enemy This is rather a long game which
strikes you in exactly the same occupies nearly all of the basic
way. This means that fighting 16K Spectrum. Due to the large
consists of rushing up to your n u m b e r s of u s e r - d e f i n e d
opponent, hitting at him a few graphics, the use of CHR$ 1 4 4 ,
times, then retiring to recover etc. has been dropped, and
f r o m your exhaustion. It is graphics characters are used in
essential that you keep an eye the listings. AH capita! letters in-
on your o w n strength to know side quotes should be graphic
when to retreat. Gradually, your letters, ie, you must go into
m a x i m u m s t r e n g t h w i l l be graphics mode, then press the
depleted (and so, hopefully, will letter. If you forget one or t w o ,
your opponent's) until one or the you may see knights charging
programming other, w i t h a strength of three or

less, cannot strike properly.
Death for the weaker usually
follows quickly.
around on the backs of ABC
creatures. If this occurs, BREAK
the program, find the letter, and
replace it w i t h a graphic letter.
A book entitled 'Better

Programming For Your
Lines Action
10 GOSUB start routine, buy weapons and set up
Spectrum And ZX8T hit 100-1 10
user-defined graphics.
Basic'charge on horseback'routine. Graphics ABC
the bookshops last and LKJ are the horses, DEF/GHI and ONM/RQP
are alternate sets of legs to give a galloping effect.
month. Here we give you In lines 1 0 0 and 1 3 0 , the underline character is us-
ed (Symbol Shift 0) as the point of a lance, US and
a sneak preview of two 1 60
TU are the rest of the lance and the knight.
Gives a simulation of the sound of horses' hooves,
of the programs 1 70
which sounds very good when amplified.
Deals w i t h a possible crash between the t w o
featured in this new 1 80
knights.
Checks if the knights are about to go off screen.
publication written by 200 910 Cope with what happens when the knights meet
on horseback.
Robert Speel. 200-240 Is the actual hit, strengths of opponents being
calculated to take in armour, !ance-type and
shields.
Although the t w o programs your knight. You have 100 gold 500-540 Show the left knight falling off.
featured here are both essential- coins to spend, which means 600-840 Show the right knight falling off.
ly games programs, the book you cannot have the heaviest ar- 800-840 Check if a knight has fallen off at the end of a run.
also contains several more mour and lance and the best 900-910 Deal w i t h turning at the end of a run when neither
serious programs. The text weapons too. knight is knocked off his horse.
begins with a look at Spectrum A mace is the strongest at- 1000-1040 Turn horses round at end of run when one man is
colour and sound, with chapters tacking weapon, a sword the down; and dismounts other knight.
on user-defined characters and weakest. However, a sword is 1100-1430 Foot-fighting loop.
the use of high resolution useful in defence as well as at- 1 100 PRINTs t w o knights w i t h correct weapons.
graphics. tack, whereas an axe or mace is 1120 Moves your knight.
Program examples are pro- not. 1130 Moves opponent's knight, including automatic
vided throughout and all the Once you have chosen your retreat when strength below 3.
techniques utilized within the weapons, the enemy's choice is 1 200-1 2 6 0 Your knight hits opponent if in range.
longer programs are explained a n n o u n c e d . The f i g h t t h e n 1 300-1 3 2 0 Enemy hits you. Your hits and your opponent's de-
within the text. Programs are in- begins. pend for their success on the strength of hit (1 -4),
cluded for both the Spectrum At first, the knights joust on the weapon's attack value (1-3), its defence value
and the ZX81, with a useful horseback until one knight is if it is a sword, armour and shields, if any, together
chapter on converting programs knocked off his horse. Apart w i t h a random attack value. When all these are ad-
for the ZX81 so that they will from your choice of lance and ar ded, the hit is judged successful or unsuccessful.
run on the Spectrum. mour, you have no control over 1330-1340 If your current strength is larger than your max-
The following t w o programs the jousting. Once one knight is imum strength, then let current strength = max-
are good examples of the type of unhorsed, the other will dis- imum strength.
programming material included mount and the fight continues 1400-1430 If knights are a distance apart, then they can
within Robert Speel's new book on foot. gradually recover to their current maximum
— Knight Flight has been written You attack the opponent strength
for the 16K ZX Spectrum and knight by moving near to him us- 4000-4010 You die.
Alien Descender requires 2.5K ing the keys 5 and 8 to move. 4500-4510 Enemy dies
to run on a ZX81. You 'hit' by pressing one of the 7000-7280 Start of game. You choose your weapons and ar-
keys 1, 2, 3 or 4 — the number mour, from list giving prices. Note improper entries
determining the strength of hit. will be ignored.
Knight flight Each time you hit, your strength, 7320-7460 Enemy chooses weapons. Either enemy chooses
This game involves a fight bet- shown at the bottom left of the to have a strong attack or a strong defence.
ween two knights. screen goes d o w n by that 8000-8 500 DRAW castle in background and start fight.
You control a white knight, n u m b e r . If y o u r s t r e n g t h 9000-91 30 DATA for user-defined graphics used for knights,
and the computer has a black reaches zero, you die. By mov- horses and weapons.
knight. At the start, you have to ing away from the enemy, you
select armour and weapons for can gradually recover your

S P E C T R U M / Z X 8 1 GAMES
fLTLTUT rLTLTLTj 2 0 0 L E T fld=letINT < R N D * 8 ) - a f - ( 3

r = 2 ) - I N T F R N D * 8 > : L E T e d = l a + I N T
i p j i n I h_n_n_rl ru-Lnn (RNDtd) - e r - ( e r = 2 ) - I N T (RNDJ-4.)
2 1 0 I F 3 d < = 0 R N D e d < = 0 T H E N G O
Q hj-LTLn Q 0 h j u i r 0 r o 100
2 2 0 I F a d > 0 R N D e d > 0 T H E N G O T O
S 0 0 + 1 O 0 * ( a d > e d )
2 3 0 I F a d > 0 T H E N G O T O 8 0 0
2 4 0 GO TO S00
5 0 0 P R I N T R T y - l , x -4.; " T / \ " : B E
E P . 1 . 5 0 : B E E P . 1 , 3 0
5 1 0 P R I N T R T y - 1 , x - 4 ; " B E E P
"LTLTLn rLTLTLT . 1 . 2 0 : B E E P . 1 . 10
"LTLTLT n_n_TLn 5 2 0 R E S T O R E 91 0 0 ; F O R f = 0 T O 1 :
njTLTLT
F O R 3 = 0 T O 7 : R E R D a : P O K E U S R
C H R 4 1 8 3 + g . 3 : N E X T g . P R I N T RT y
0 "LTLTLT 0 f ^ Q -LTLTUi 0 + 1 , X -8 + f ; C H R $ 1 8 3 ; . N E X T f
5 3 0 P R I N T " " ; RT y t x + 3 ; "
- ; R T 9*
y , 2 8 - x ; "
4r
8 4 - 0 L E T X —X-1 L E T e x = x t 9 : L E T
y ='j - a : L E T d h =e . L E T era = e f a - I N T (
R N D * 6J - 1 : L E T S e = S - e - 8 : G O T O 1 0 0
8 0 0 P R I N T R T y - l , x ; : B E E P
rLTLTLP . 1 , 5 0 ; B E E P . 1 , 3 0
u x o n nn_H nn_n 6 1 0 P R I N T R T U - l , x ; " B
E E P . 1 , 5 0 : B E E P . 1 , 3 0
r u u TX
CL_£ mi l 0
u K-TLTLTI 0 8 2 © I N K 7 . R E S T O R E 9 1 0 0 ; F O R f =
0 T O 1 : F O R 9 = 0 T O 7 : R E R D 3 ; P O
K E U S R C H R $ 1 8 2 + 9 . a N E X T 9 : P R I
N T R T y + 1 , X + 4 + f ; C H R $ 1 8 2 ; . N E X T
f
r
8 3 0 P R I N T R T y + l , X - 4 ; "
•• »«
f t - J R T y . x + 3 , " B T W . 2 8 - X ;
- f
8 4 0 L E T x - x - l : L E T e . X = X + 9 : L E T
= y - 1 ; L E T e h = 0 ; L E T a £rt = a ill - I N T >
R N D * 4 ) : L E T S 3 = S a - 5 : G O T O 1 0 0
18 20
8 0 0 I F £ h = l R N D a h = 1 T H E N G O T O
"LTLTLTj rLTLTLT 900
pJTJUl 8 1 0 L E T X = 2 0 ; L E T e x = 1 0 : L E T y =
[ u u m h u r r m y + 1
8 2 0 I F e h = 1 T H E N L E T X = 5
n
D i-LTLTir "LTLTLrl Q
Q Q
8 3 0 I F a h = 1 T H E N L E T e x = 2 5
8 4 0 G O T O 1 0 0 0
9 0 0 P R I N T R T U - 1 . X ; " " ; R T y -
1 2 8 —x ' " •>
9 1 0 LET X = 2 8 ; L E T y = 1 0 : L E T dC =
a C : : L E T a C = e C : L E T e c = d f : G O T O
100
e
You d i e .
1 0 0 0 P R I N T R T y - 1 , 0 ; " " ; T A B 3 1 ; "
I N K 7 R T >-1,0; " L K J " , I N K O ; T
Some sample screen dumps from the program. Knight Flight. R B 2 3 ; - R E C - ; I N K 7 , f l T y + 1 , 0 ; " O
W M " ; I N K 0 ; R T u + 1 , 2 8 ; " G H I "
1 0 1 0 F O R f = l T O 2 : P R I N T R T y - f ,
1 R E M K n i g h t F i q h t 0 ; " " ; R T y - f , 2 7 ; " " ; N E X T
2 R E M © S . R o b e r t S p e e I 1 9 8 2 f
1 0 2 0 R E S T O R E 9 0 8 0 ; F O R f = 1 T O 2 :
1 0 P f t P E R 4- B O R D E R 4 : CLS GO F O R q = 0 T O 7 ; R E R D a : P O K E U S P
>UB 7COG) C H R $ ( 1 4 3 + f ) N E X T Q: N E X T f
1 0 3 0 R E S T O R E 9 1 0 0 : F O R f = 3 T O 1 2
I P O I N K e c : I F e h = l T H E N P R I N T : F O R 9 = 0 T O 7 . R E R D a . P O K E U S R
FiT y - 1 . x - 1 ; " U S " C H R $ ( l < l 3 + f ) + 9 , 3 : N E X T Q : N E X T
l i e P R I N T S T y , x ; " 9 B C I F X f
= I N T f X / 2 ) T H E N P R I N T R T u + l , X j " 1 0 4 0 P R I N T R T < 4 + 1 , 5 ; "
D E F "
1 2 0 I F X / 2 0 I N T l X / 2 ) T H E N P R I N
T R T g + i , x ; " G H I •• 1100 P R I N T I N K 0 ; R T y , e x v $ ; "R "
1 3 © I N K a c ; I F a h = 1 T H E N P R I N T ; R T y + 1 , e x ; " E I N K 7 , R T y , x - 1
R T U - 1 , 2 9 - X ; T U *1 ; B" ; w $ ; R T y + J L , x - l ; " F
14-0 P R I N T R T U , 2 8 - X ; " L K J " : I F 1110 I F e x >X + 2 T H E N P R I N T R T
X / 2 = 1 N T ( X / 2 ) T H E N P R I N T R T y + 1 , x - 1 ; " •* ; R T y , x + 3 ; " "
2 8 - X . " O N M " 1120 L E T x =X + ( I N K E Y $ = " 8 " > - ( I N K E V
15(3 I F X / 2 0 I N T (X s 2 ) T H E N P R I N $ = " S " ) + CX < 6 > - (X > 25 J : L E T X=X - IX >
T R T y + i , 2 8 - x ; " R O P " ex -23
1 8 0 L E T X = X - 1 : B E E P . 0 0 3 . 1 0 ; P R 1 1 3 0 LET ex =£X +SGN ( - ( S X > X t l RND
U S E 2 : B E E P . 0 0 3 , 5 : P R U S E 3 : B E E R N D < . 5 ) + ( e x < 5 ) - ( e x > 2 5 ) + ( R N D < . 3 )
P . 0 0 3 , © : P R U S E 5 + r s e <3 R N D e x < 2 5 ) .1 : I F e x - x > 2 T H
1 7 0 I F X = 1 8 R N D e c = 7 T H E N G O T O E N G O T O 1 4 0 0
200
I S O I F X < 2 T H E N G O T O 8 0 0 1 2 0 0 L E T a $ = I N K E Y $ ; I F a $ < " 1 " O R
1 9 0 G O T O 1 0 0 3 $ > " 4 " T H E N L E T 3 $ = " 0 "
L
S P E C T R U M / Z X 8 1 GAMES
1210 LET e i = I N T ( R N D J l ) +• 1 : I F se 7 3 6 0 CLS : PRINT " " Y O U f o p p o n e n

<62 T H E N L E T e Z = S e - l t c h o o s e s . - " ' '
122G I F Sc <3 T H E N L E T 6 2 = 0 7 3 7 0 GO T O 74-00 + I N T lRND*2) *50
1230 I F a $ = " 0 " T H E N GC T O 1300
124-0 L E T S3=Sa -URL a $ : I F S 3 < 1 T 7400 PRINT " D e f e n c e : M e d i u ft a r » o
HEN GO T O 4-000 u r fit l a c K : Heavy l a n c e and a
1260 I F URL a$+W3f (RNDJ7) + l > e z + e ru a c e . "
S +G « - - 1 + ( w e = 1 J T H E N L E T e £ j = e » - l 74-10 LET e r =2: LET e s = 0 : LET we =
1260 IF t a < 1 T H E N GO T O 45P0 3 LET I e —3 LET V $ = " ! ' * : GO T O 3
1300 6EEP .03/4-5: LET Sfi=Se-eZ 000
1310 IF e i t w e t I N T ( R N D f 3 ) >U R L 3 $
-t-s h + a r + lwa =1) THEN LET a w = a m - l 74-50 PRINT " D e f e n c e : Heavy arraou
1320 IF a a < l THEN GO T O 4.000 r and s h i e l d R t t a c K : Medium I
1330 I F sa>aia THEN LET s a = a n a nee and s w o r d . "
134.0 IF se>eft) THEN LET Se=ei» 74-60 LET e r =2 LET e s = l : LET WC =
1 LE T 1E = 2 LET V$ = " G "
14-00 PRIN" PT 2 0 , 0 ; s a ; " **, R T 2 0 , 3 0 0 0 PRINT ' ' { P r e s s ENTER to St
2 0 ; s e , " " I F e x - x < 3 T H E N GO TO
a r t ) ": PRUSE 0: CLS
1100 8010 PLOT 0 , 1 2 0 DRftU 2 5 0 , 0 : PLO
14-10 FOR f - 1 TO 2: IF s a < am THEN T 0 . 120: DRRU 0 30;
f
GO S U B 6 5 0 0
LET £ d : s a + l : NEXT DRRIJ 0 , - 2 0 GO SUB 6 5 0 0 DR
14-20 IF s e <eit) THEN LET se = s e + 1 RU 0 , 3 0 GO SUB 3 5 0 0
1430 GO T O 1100 ©030 DRRU 0 , - 1 0 GO SUB 6 5 0 0 DP
RU 0, 1 0 : GO SUB 6 5 0 0
4 . 0 0 0 P P I N T INK 0; RT y , x ; " DRRU 0 , - 3 0
; "FL " ; I N K
3 0 4 - 0 GO S U B B500 OR
y f R T Y + x , X ; *• C D INK RU 0 .20 GO SUB 6 5 0 0 : DRRU 0 - 3 0
0; " E " 9 0 5 0 DRRU 0 . 1 0
PLOT 1 1 5 , 1 2 0 DR
4 0 1 0
T O P
P R I N T PT 2 0 , 0 ; " Y O U d i e . " : S R U 20 , 0 , - P I ; DRRU 0, - 1 0
S0fc>0 F O R f = 1 5 TO 2 3 0 S T E P 70 PL
4.500 P R I N T I N K 7; R T y , x ; " B * ' ; u $ or r , 1 3 0 : DRPU 5 , 0 D R R U 0 , 7 DR
RU -S , 0 , P I : DRRU 0 - 7 : NEXT f G
; "
•I
" ; P T y + 1 , x ; " F " ; INK 0; "CD
O T O 0000
4-510 PRINT RT 2 0 , 2 0 ; "He d i e s . " :
STOP 6 5 0 0 FOR f = l TO 3 : DRRU 0 , 5 : DRR
U 5 , 0 : DRRU O , - S : DRRU 5 , 0 : NEXT
f : D R R U 0 ,, 5 : : D
L 'R
MR U 5 ., 0 : : D
MW L -Rk R
mUw C0 , , --
'000 PR I N " K H i Q h t F i Q h t 5 RETURN
7350 RRNDOMIZE : LET a h - 1 LET e '30 0 0 DPTP 1 , I © . 1 5 , 2 3 , 3 1 . 5 9 , 5 1 . 3 3
h =1 : LET X =26: LET U =10 , 236 6 1 , 1 9H , 2 5 5 , 2 5 5 . 2 5 5 , 2 5 5 , 2 5 5 ,
"7060 LET Ca s h = 1 0 0 . L E T 5 h = 0 LET 0, 12 ,224- , 24-0 , 24.6 , 24-4 , 24-3 , 2 2 4
ac=0 . LET e c = 7 9 0 1 0 DRTR 3 , 6 , 6 , 6 , 4 , 3 , 0 . 0 , 2 5 5 , 2 2
~7 . 1 2 0 , 0 , 0 , 1 9 2 , 1 9 2 , 1 1 2 , 5 6 , 6
7100 PRINT ' " ( l ) C h a i n - m a i l c o s t
, 4 , 2
s» • 4 . 0 c o i n s , (23 p l a t e -«> a i I 5 0 .
2 0 2 0 5htr 1 , 1 , 0 , 1 , 3 , 2 , 6 . 0 , 2 5 4 , 2 4
e , 1 92 . 1 2 6 , 1 , 2 , 2 , 0 , 2 2 4 - , 1 9 2 , 6 4 , 1 2 6
y - 7 1 1 0 PRINT ' " ( l ) L i 9 h t l a n c e s c . 0 0 , 0 / 0
ost 10 (2) » e d i ufla l a n c e s 2 0 " ' " 9030 DRTR 1 2 6 . 8 0 . 24-0 , 2 3 2 . 2 4 8 , 2 2 0
(3) heavy l a n c e s 3 0 . " , 204. , 1 3 2 , S 5 , 1 8 8 , 2 5 3 , 2 5 5 , 2 5 5 , 2 5 5 ,
7120 PRINT ' " ( 1 ) 5 w o r d s c o s t 2 0 " 2 5 5 ,2 5 5
' " (23 axes 2 0 (3? ID a c e s 3 0 . 9 0 4 . 0 D R T R 0 , 11 , 7 , 1 5 , 3 1 , 4 7 , 2 0 7 , 7 , 1
S h i e l d s 2 0 . " 26 , 1 • 8 1 3 , i 26 ., 1 9 2 , 6 4 , 9 6 , 0 , 1 2 7 , 3 1 ,
7 1 3 0 FOR f = 1 TO 2 1 : FOR g =0 TO 7 3 , 1 , L 2 6 , 6 4 - , 6 44. , 0 , 7 , 3 , 2 , 1 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0
. RERD a : POKE USR CHR$ Cf+143) +
Q .a : NEXT Q : NEXT f
9050 DRTR 1 9 2 , 9 6 , 1 6 , 1 6 , 3 2 , 1 9 2 , 0 ,
7200 PRINT RT 2 1 , 0 ; " U h a t a r m o u r 0 .255 . 199 . 1 .0 , 0 .0 , e , 0 , 3 , 3 , 14- , 2 6 ,
do y o u b u y ? " : LET a$=INKEY$; I F 1 5 , 3 2 . 6 4 , 9 6
3$<"1" OR a $ > " 2 " T HE N G O T C 7 2 0 0 9 0 6 0 DRTR 1 2 0 , 2 4 - 6 , 1 1 2 , 5 6 , 4 - 0 , 2 4 - 6 ,
7210 BEEP . 5 , 0 . LET ar=URL a$. L 214- . 1 1 6 , 3 0 , 3 1 , 1 4 - , 2 6 , 2 0 , 111 , 1 0 7 , 4
ET C a s h - C a S h - 3 0 - 1 0 *a r 3 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 0 , 2 5 5 , 2 5 5
7220 PRINT RT 2 1 , 0 , " U h a t l a n c e d
o you buy? " : LET a$=INKEY$: I F 9 1 0 0 DRTR 0 . 0 . 3 2 . 6 3 , 0 , 7 1 , 1 2 0 , 0 , 3
a $ <"1" OR a $ > " 3 " T HE N G O T O 7 2 2 0 , 4- , 9 , 2 5 1 , 2 5 5 , 2 4 8 , 6 , 2 4 0
7230 BEEP . 5 , 0 : LET i a =URL a $: L 9 1 1 0 DRTR 6 0 , 6 0 , 6 0 , 6 0 , 5 4 - , 3 4 - , 3 4 - , 1
ET c a s h = c a s h - 1 0 * l a 0 2 , 6 0 . 6 0 . 6 0 , 6 0 , 1 0 8 , 6 8 , 6 8 , 54-
724-0 P R I N T RT 2 1 , 0 , "Wh 3 t o t h e r W 9 1 2 0 DfiTR 0 . 6 4 . 3 2 . 1 6 , 1 0 . 4 , 1 0 , 3 , 0
capon do y o u b u y ? " : LET a $ = INKEY , 0 , 4 8 , 1 1 2 , 7 2 , S', 4 , 3 , 1 6 , 2 4 , 6 0 , 2 4 , 1
$: IF a $ <" 1 " OR a $ > " 3 " T H E N GO T 6 , 8 , 4 , 3
D 7240 9 1 3 0 DPTR 0 . 2 , 4 , 8 , 6 0 , 3 2 , 8 0 , 1 9 2 , 0
- i 7250 BEEP . 5 , 0 : LET wa=UflL a$: L , 0 , 1 2 , 1 4 , 1 8 , 1 6 , 3 2 , 1 9 2 , 6 , 2 4 , 6 0 , 2 4
ET w $=CHR$ (152+waJ : I F c a s h - 2 0 - , 1 6 . 3 2 , 6 4 , 1 9 2
, £ 10*Ch>a=3>-;0 THEN GO T O 724.0 9 1 4 0 RETURN
7260 LET c a s h = c a s h -1 0 - 1 0 * (wa=3? :
IF c a s h < 2 0 THEN GD TO 7300 "LTLTLn rurj
Ln_n
7270 PRINT
s h i e l d ?
RT
(y s n )
2 1 , 0 ; "Do
" : LET
you buy
a $ = I N K E Y $
a p_n_ru~] !"Ln_rLn
AND a $< > " n " THEN GO
:
TO
IF a $ <> " y "
7270 Q H-TLNJI Q G krurr D
7260 BEEP . 5 , 0 : LET cash = c a s h - 2 0 n
* 13 $ - " u " } : LET s h = ta $ = " y " i
7320 LET s a = 2 5 : LET se =20 L E T f

W= 2 5 : LET e » = 2 0
383 I ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 15

/ /
/ /
SPECTRUM/ZX81 GAMES
Alien descender To d e s t r o y a w h o l e d e p t h 1 R E M HLltN DESCENDER
One lonely alien survived the at-

charge, the alien must be cen- 2 RcM COPY'R XGHT
tred exactly above it. "3. R O B E R T SPEEL
tack on Earth and landed in the The object is to survive as 1 0 L_E~ HI
Pacific Ocean. It began to sink long as possible. 2 0 LET P = 10
d o w n a narrow gorge in the 3 0 i_ET GO = 0
Use keys 5 and 8 to move left P S = "
depth of the sea. H o w long can 4-0 LET
and right respectively and 6 to 50 P 5 = C
you, controlling the alien, keep it shoot at the area directly below
alive and avoid crashing into the £>0 L£T X -7
the alien's feet. At the end, 70 RfiND
rocky walls of the gorge? w h e n your alien is destroyed,
The alien has one weapon
w h i c h can destroy a n y t h i n g
your score (number of goes sur-
vived) is given, along w i t h the
100 FOR F = 0 TO 7
110 PRINT RT F F , "8$$"; TPS 2 7 - F ;
directly below its feet. But this current 'highscore'. You are
does not protect its ' w i n g s ' . then offered another game. 1 2 0 NEXT F
Every n o w and again, trails of Remember that as the alien is 1 3 0 FOR F = 8 TO 2 1
bombs are launched from below under water, its reactions are 1 4 0 PRINT PT F Y 7/ ; TPS 1 9 ;
(inverse asterisks!. These can be rather sluggish. It moves half a
* i
d e s t r o y e d by t h e a l i e n ' s second or so after you press the 1 5 0 NEXT F

weapon, or avoided. If they hit m o v e m e n t key. If y o u hold
the alien, it is destroyed. There 2 0 0 PRINT PT S 1 , X ; "1
d o w n a key too long, the alien
are also larger depth charges, 2 1 0 LET X = X + I N T (RND*3) - 1 - F X = 1 5
may well blunder onto one wall
shaped like this: ) + <X=0>
of the gorge. Naturally, as the 2 2 0 PRINT PT 0 . P . " _ ",FLT I . P :
alien descends, the gorge gets "USB*", PT 2 , P; " , HT 3 , P ;
gradually narrower. 2 3 0 LET L=PEEK (PEEK 1 6 3 9 8 + 2 5 6 4
DEPTH BOMB
CHFIRGE PEEK 16399.)
24-0 LET L=L+PEEK FL+PEEK 1 6 3 9 8 +
Lines Action 2 5 6 *PEEK 1 6 3 9 9 )
10 6 0 Variables. HI = highscore; A = X co-ordinate of 2 5 0 LET L =L + P E E K 12+PEEK 1 8 3 9 8 +
alien; G O - g o e s ; A $ = space between walls of 2 5 6 * P E E K 1 6 3 9 9 )
gorge: RS = co-ordinate of bomb, if any; X = X co- 2 6 0 LET L =L + P E E K (3-J-PEEK 1 6 3 9 8 +
ordinate of left side of gorge. 2 5 6 * P E E K 1 6 3 9 9 )
100-1 50 Print converging walls to straight gorge, so that the 2 7 0 IF L >0 PND L < > 2 3 6 THEN GOTO
10PI0
alien cannot escape to left or right of gorge.
200 Beginning of main loop. Prints left side of gorge,
LET P= P + 1 I N K E Y $ S " B " ) - ( I N K E Y
space length A$ (initially 10 squares, gradually $ = 11
5 )
decreases) then right-hand side of gorge. ' 3 1 0 LET GO-GO+I
210 Changes X by 1 or not all. This makes the gorge zig- 3 2 0 IF R N D < . 0 2 5 PND LEN TH
zag from side to side randomly. £M L E T (2 TO >
220 Prints alien. Note that his arms stretch up w h e n you 3 3 0 IF RND 0 THEN LET RS =RS +RND
all spaces or newline characters) then GOTO end of
program. 410 LET R S =sRS +• f R N D < # 1 )
300 Changes X co-ordinate of alien according to key 425? i r R5>LEN P $ * X THEN LET wS
pressed. Note that putting this line here gives the 0
delayed reaction to commands, 4 3 0 IF RS >0 THEN PRINT PT 2 1 , R S
310 Increases goes survived. ' ' E3"
320 Occasionally decreases A $ , ie, makes the gorge ' 5 0 0 SCROLL
narrower. Note that the minimum size still may let
6 0 0 IF INKEY $ = "6" THEN PRINT PT
the alien through. Alter this as desired. If LEN A $ is 3 , P + 1 I •'= = " ; P T 3 J F L + 1 ; "MMM" / P T 3 , P
larger, then it is easier. + 1 " " "
330 Occasionally prints depth charge on bottom line. 6 1 0 GOTO 2 0 0
As the frequency depends on LEN A S, more depth
charges appear as the gorge gets narrower. 1 0
0 0 FOR F =1 TO 1 0
Change this line to make depth charges more or 1 0
1 0 PRINT PT 0 , P , ";PT 1,P;
less frequent as desired. " I
H M " ; P T 2 • P; " A "
400-430 If there is a bomb trail, increase RS randomly and 1 0
2 0 PRINT PT 0 , P , " ; P T 1 , P ; "
print a new bomb. Start a new bomb trail if " ; PT 2 , P ; "
RND . 1. (Change this to make bombs more or 1 0 3 0 NEXT F
less frequent, or perhaps dependent on LEN A$.)
If bombs too far right, stop bomb trail. If bomb trail 1 0 5 0 PRINT PT 2 0 , 0 ; " Y O U R SCORE I
started, print current bomb. Note that as bombs 5 " ; GO
may be s h o w n to the left of the gorge, some ad- 1 0 6 0 IF GO >H I THEN LET HI=GO
vance warning is given. If you do not wish bombs 1 0 7 0 P R I N T PT 2 1 , 2 ; "HISC.ORE =
HI
o u t s i d e the g o r g e , c h a n g e line 4 3 0 to:
1CS0 FOR F =1 TO 2 0 0
4 3 0 IF R S > L E N A$ THEN, etc 1 O 9 0 NEXT F
1 1 ^ 0 CLS
500 Scrolls up screen to give idea that alien is moving 1 1 1 0 PRINT "RNOTHER GHHE? ( Y / N ) '
downwards. 3 1 2 0 IF INKEY $ ="Y" THEN GOTO 2 0
600 If 6 key pressed, blows up anything directly 1 1 3 0 IF INKEY $ = "N" THEN STOP
beneath feet of alien. Note that this does not pro- 1 2 1 0 GOTO 1 1 2 0
tect the whole underside of the alien, just the mid
die squares. 'Better Programming For Your For further details of this
610 Re-does main loop. Spectrum And ZX81', written publication, get in touch with
1000-1 2 1 0 Alien destroyed, made to flash on and off, score by Robert Speel, is priced at Fontana Paperbacks, 14 St
and 'highscore' printed. Screen cleared and new €2.95 for 284 pages. James's Place, London SW1A
game offered. ISBN 0 00 636610 4 IPS.

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(New Generation) £5 95 (Melbourne House) £14 95
< } * > T A M Y N E W g a m e W l t ' 1 s t u n n i n 9 9 ra P hlcs Shoot the
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SCRAMBLE Pilot your ship thro" 26 zones up down, brake thrust smart
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U C J I M 1 I t L L / L the famous arcade game Full arcade (16K ZX81 version Over 100K loads in 7 parts £7 50)
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Post to SOFTWARE SUPERMARKET. 87 Howard s Lane London. SW15 6NU
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C C P A D r One of the best and most original games ive have paper and quote this number: ZX1) Mailorder Only
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\ s \ S d J V l \ S i J instruction manual first) Protect your 9ships against
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Z X 8 1 CAME
Air raid
Run for cover — here comes

a smashing program from
Stephen Ormrod of Bury.
Your skycraft slowly 'circles' unopposed and steal one of your
In this program, S t e p h e n has
t a k e n t r o u b l e to i n c o r p o r a t e Plain sailing? the sea harbour — you travel bombs.
m o v i n g graphics, simple rules When you first RUN the pro- across the screen from right to Periodically, an enemy 'plane
a n d a n emphasis on strategy gram, the Score Advance Table left, and when you disappear on will fly across the screen from
rather t h a n relying on Lady Luck. will appear on the screen. From the left-hand side you miracu- left to right, moving twice as
Indeed, it took s e v e n versions of this you will be able to see that lously appear on the right-hand quickly as their naval col-
the p r o g r a m b e f o r e S t e p h e n ships are more valuable fin terms side again. The white speck in leagues. They are not trying to
w a s happy e n o u g h t o send it to of how many points are scored! the centre of your skycraft in- reach the landing stage, their ob-
us! to destroy than 'planes. The air- dicates that you have a bomb on ject is to get between you and
The rules of the game are craft are not easy to hit — but board. the ships, thus blocking your
quite simple. You begin the there is no penalty for allowing a Ships will appear on the left- bomb. There will only ever be
game with 3 0 bombs for your 'plane to escape your fire. hand side of the screen and one ship or one 'plane visible on
the screen at any time, but a
\
skycraft and you can release a After pressing the 'S' key, slowly move toward the landing
bomb by pressing t h e ' O ' key. the score table is erased and you stage. As you move across the 'plane and a ship may be seen
Your aim is to hit all the enemy should get your finger over the screen in your skycraft, you together.
ships and 'planes you can within ' 0 ' key — this is the only control must decide when to release
the restriction of how many key used in the game. Your am- your bomb in order to destroy
bombs you have. If a ship munition will appear as a series the ship. If you manage to score A shot in the dark
reaches the landing stage before of 'grated railings' at the top of a direct hit on the ship, you will One of the problems you will en-
you can destroy it you will lose the screen. The sea will appear be rewarded with the ship being counter is judging w h e n to
one of your valuable bombs, and at the bottom of the screen with swallowed up by the mysterious release your bombs so that they
you are further restricted by only a landing stage in the bottom deep. However, if you miss the will destroy the ships. One tactic
being able to fire one bomb at a right-hand corner. You are posi- ship, the bomb will explode you could employ is the 'shot in
time (if there is a bomb still on tioned in a skycraft, sited just harmlessly in the sea and the the dark' option in which you.
screen, you will not be allowed below your ammunition dump at ship will dock at the landing release a bomb before a ship has
to fire another). the top of the screen. stage, its troops will disembark yet come onto the screen. But
18 ZX COMPUTING APRIL1 MAY 1983
m
ZX81 CAME
remember, you have only 3 0 Space, Inverse Space, Graphic made up of 3 1 Graphic As and bomb is loaded
bombs, so it's best to make E" H Sm ., one Inverse Space. aboard your air-
them count. E$ and F$ are alternating craft.
B$ is used to represent the air- Graphic As and Graphic Ds en- YU - P o s i t i o n of
When you have used up your
craft and is comprised of the ding in an Inverse Space. Note waves on the sea.
30 bombs, the display will scroll
upwards so that the 'sea' ends following: that E$ and F$ run in antiphase PO - Position of last
up at the top of the screen. The B$ - "Graphic 7, Graphic 7, and alternate in subroutines in ammunition in the
score you have achieved during Graphic 6, Graphic E " lines 7 0 0 0 and 7 0 2 0 to make dump.
the game is then displayed, the wave like motion of the sea. A M M — The number of
followed by the top highest Battleships are held in C$ and Lines 2 0 0 - 2 7 0 represent the bombs left (plus
scores of the day. The sea will are made up as below: 'core' of the program. The rest one).
then begin rolling again and the of t h e l i s t i n g c o m p r i s e s a X — The horizontal
C$(11 — " 2 Spaces, Graphic 3, number of routines which are
ZX81 will wait for you to press position of t+ie sky-
Graphic 5, 2 Spaces" called from time to time from the
'0' signifying that you would like craft.
C$(2) - " 2 Spaces, Graphic 8, main program. Try working out
another game. Y — The horizontal
Graphic 5, 2 Spaces" what does what.
To help you decipher the pro- line of the falling
C${3) - "Graphic Y, Graphic6,
gram listing, perhaps the follow- Here is a list of variables used bomb.
Graphic Q, Graphic W , Graphic
ing would be useful. The ships in the program to help you work AS — The controlling
6, Graphic T "
and aircraft are held in string ar- out how the program works. variable for what
C$(4) "Space, Graphic R, 2
rays, A$, B$ and C$. Cruisers, will appear on the
Inverse Spaces, Graphic E,
represented by A $ , are gener- Array V(6) — The six best screen next.
Space"
ated as follows: scores. L Control variable
The ammunition dump is gener- Array V(3) — Whether or not a in loops.
AS(1> - "Space, Graphic 8, ated in line 1 3 4 and comprises 'plane or ship is N — Control variable
Graphic 4, Space" 3 0 Graphic Qs. The string array, visible. in loops.
A$(2) - "Space, Graphic 8, D$, is your skycraft and is SC — Player's score. SB Individual score
Graphic 5, Space" shown in line 1 3 5 as an Inverse F — Flag controlling awarded for hitting
A$(3) - "Graphic R, Inverse Dot and a Space. Line 150 is whether or not a a ship or 'plane.

ZX81 CAME
RMMO:30 i60 LET RMM=31
ICtO GOSUE lOOO
195 P R I N T RT 19.31,
?0O GOSUE 7000
210 GG3UB 1110
i20 I F I N K E Y $ = " © ** RND F =© THE N
•?o5ue l s o o
233 IF INT (RNDfE)=Q HEN G05UE
- 15GOSUB
240 FOR N = 1 T O 3
L50 I F U f N ) «>© T H E N GOSUE
iN*250)
26© NEXT N
2 7 © I F F w 0 T H E N GOSUE 3500
2 7 5 GOTO 2 0 0
1 0 0 0 P R I N T RT 0,0;"ftMMO:',RMM-1
1© RETURN
iC2© P R I N T R T 0 . 2©.; " S C O R E : " . S C
RETURN
11© LET XsX-1
1 1 1 5 P R I N T RT 2 , 0 , C . H R $ 0
1120 I F X = - 1 THEN LET X =26
i ' i S O P P I N T RT 2 , X ; D $
1 1 4 © RETURN ' ."
15©© LET F=2
15 0 2 P R I N T RT 1 , P C ; " "
ftl^ftlD 1503 L E T P O = P O - 1
15©5 LET RMM=RMM-1
SCORE RDURNCE TABLE: I 5 © 7 GOSUE 100©
1510 LET D*= ® "
5 0 / 1 0 0 , 1 5 0 OR 200 1 r i s LET Y=X
- - ENEMY" R I R C R R F T — 152G RETURN
2 O © 0 L E T RS = I N T tRND * 3 ) + 1
2003 I F RS = 3 RND U < 1 < > © OR R S = 1
1 0 0 , 2 0 0 OR 300 R N D U ( 3 ) <>© T H E N R E T U R N
- - BATTLE5HIP 2O05 I F U(fiS) =0 THEN LET U(R5> =2
a s l o RETURN
cl£50
5(1) P R I N T RT 1 7 , U < l i - 1 . ; C H P $ © ; f t
2 0 0 , 4 - 0 0 OR 600 c'2bO
- - TROOPS CARRIER 2i P R I N T T R B U ( 1) - 1; CHR$ 0.;fiS(
2 2 7 © P R I N T T R 8 U T If - 1 ; C H R * 0,R$F
PRESS "S" TO STRRT 31
2 2 6 0 L E T U ( l i =U ( 1 ) + 1
2290 I F U t l ) <29 THEN RETURN
2 3 0 © LET U(1)=©
Some sample screen dumps from the program. £ 3 1 © P R I N T RT 1 7 . 2 5
£ 3 2 0 P R I N T T P S 2 5 .' "
P R I N T T R 5 2S'; "
2 3 3 5 GOSUS 3000
2 3 4 © RETURN
2 5 0 © P R I N T RT 1© , U ( 2 > - 2 ; "
: TJ.K*
f t ! VI i. 2 5 1 0 L E T U ( 2 ) =U ( 2 ) +S
-to •I L O U 2 ^ 2 © I F U C 2) <29 THEN RETURN
so :' I N U 3 i 2 5 3 0 L E T U < 2 ) =©
^.-. t . E T YU = 2 0 2 5 4 0 P R I N T RT 10,26,"
sc=e 2 5 5 © RETURN
T_ C.T F = © 2 7 5 0 P R I N T R T 1 6 , . U ( 3 i - 1 , C H R $ ©.; C
DIM R$ ( 3 , i 4 ) $ < 1)
90 LET H $ ' 1 ; = " 2 ' 6 © P R I N T T R 6 U <3> - 1 ; CHP.$ O , C $ i
sr L E T H$(S) = 2
ICC LE" H i (3; : 2770 PRINT THE UI33 -1,CHP$ © , C $T
105 LET 5 $ = 3>
110 DIM C $ ! 4 . 5 ? 2 76© PRINT THB U (3) - l ; CHR$ ©, C * <
115 LET C $ H I = 4- /
±20 L E T c s ( 2 :< = 279© L E T U ( 3 't = U i 3 >
125 LET- C 5 (3." = 2600 I F U ( 3 ) <27 THEN RETURN
130 LET C$ '4 i = 2610 LET U(3:«=0
133 G O sue S0CO 2520 P R I N T RT 16,26;
134 P R I N T RT 1 0. 2630 FOR N = 1 T O 3
Sc 4 0 P R I N T T R 6 26.. '
LET D$= 265© NEXT N
136 LET PG = 5'3 300© FOR L = 1 6 T O 1 STEP -1
G05UB I ©2© 3* 0ti 0 2 PRINT RT L . 3 1 . ; " S ' , PT L +1.. OL
LET K=SO
IF IM1) o O PRINT RT O 3004 NEXT L
: = * • . U (1.1 OO05 F O P L = 3 0 T O PO STEP - 1
PRINT RT 2 3 0 O 6 P R I N T R T 1 , L ; FI "
3307 NEXT L
300 8 LET PO=PO-1
3O10 LET RMM=RMM-I
30 20 GOSUE 100©
3022 FOP L = P 0 + 1 TO
20 383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 20

ZX81 CAME
3023 P R I N T RT 1 .. l_ ." " J ' 5185 P R I N T RT 1 9 , U ( 3 ' - i , U $
3025 NEXT L 3190 P R I N T RT 19,U(3),3E
3028 P R I N T P T 1., 3 1 ; ' 52O0 LET SC=SCf5B
§027 FOP L = 2 T O 19 5220 GOSUB 1020
i ° P R I N T PIT L . . 3 1 . ; ' J ' HT - x 5 225 GOSUB 750O
5230 P R I N T RT 1 9 . U i j t , "
3330 NEXT L 555-3S LET F=0
303S I P HMM = 1 MEN G O T O 9 0 0 0 524.0 LET U (3; = 0
RETURN 3250 GuT'J 359©
3500 LET F=F+1 6 5SC FOR N = 1 TO 5
O -r-
3 5 0 5 P R I N T RT F . V 6960 NEXT N
3 5 10 F R I N T RT F — 1 Y , C H P $ 0 7000 P R I N T RT Y U , C .. E £
3520 IF 5 = 1 0 T H E N G O T O 4.00O 7 0 10 RETURN
3530 I F F <19 THEN RETURN 7020 P R I N T PT Y U , C , r ?
354-0 I F U ( l ) < >0 T H E N GOTO 4 - 5 0 0 703© RETURN
3 5 5 0 I F U ( 3 ) < >© T H E N GOTO 5000 7500 FOP N = 1 TC 15
3 5 5 5 I F PO = - 1 T H E N GOTO S 0 0 0 7510 GOSUB 7000
3560 I F F = 19 THEN RETURN 7520 GOSUB 7020
357© I F V V >>2266 T H E N P R I N T P T 22 ©
©, Y - 7530 NEXT N
4 "SPLASH" "^4.0 RETURN
3 5 6 0 I F Y < 2 7 T H E N P R I N T RT 2 0 , Y ; 6000 PRINT TPB 1 0 . " H I R P.P XL
"SPLASH" SO 1 0 PRINT TPB lO, " . =
3 5 9 0 LET D$ = " 8a 0 2 0 PRINT " S C O R E PDUwNCE T P B L E :
3 5 9 5 I F PO = - 1 T H E N GOTO 9000 $
3 6 0 0 LET F =0 5030 PRINT „ _ ..

3610 RETURN 5(332 P R I N T B $ ; T P B 10;"5©,100,15G
4000 FOP. N = - 2 T O 1 OP 200"
4.010 I F Y —U ( 2 > +N T H E N GO t O 4 1 0 © S034- P R I N T T P B ENEMY RIRCF
4 0 2 0 NEXT N PFT
4030 RETURN 3036 PRINT
4 1 0 0 FOR N = 1 T O 15 804-0 FOP N = 1 TO A
4 1 0 5 P R I N T RT l O , U ( 2 ) - 2 ; B O Of-I T 605© PRINT C$(N)
4 1 1 0 P R I N T RT 10,,LK2;< - 2 ; B O O N " S 0 6 C NEXT N
4 1 3 0 NEXT N 3 0 7 0 P R I N T PT S , 1 0 ; " 1 0 0 . 2 0 © OR 3
4-140 L E T S B = I N T (RND*4-+ 1 ) * 5 0 0 0 " " .
4 150 P R I N T PT 1 0 . U ( 2 ) - 2 ; S B , ; 8 0 8 011 P R I N T P T 3 , 9 . . " - - BfiTTLESHIP
4 160 L E T S C = S C + S B
4 1 7 0 GOSUB 1020 8085 PR I N T P T 12., 0 .
4 1 8 0 P R I N T RT I©.. U ( 2 > - 2 , 8090 FOR N = 1 TO 3
4 1 8 5 LET U C 2 ) =0 8100 PRINT P$(N>
4 1 9 3 GOTO 3 5 9 0 8110 NEXT N
4 5 0 0 FOR N = - 1 T O 2 8 1 2 0 PRINT PT 13 >10 ; "200 4.00 OR
4 5 1 0 I F Y = U (. 1> THEN GOTO 4-600 6 0 0 "
4 5 2 0 NEXT N 8 1 2 5 PRINT PT 1 4 , 7 ; " - - TROOPS CP
4 5 3 0 GOTO 3 5 6 © RRIER - - "
4 6 0 0 LET Ut=" 6 1 3 0 PRINT RT 1 7 , 6 ; " P R E S S »«S""
4 6 1 0 P R I N T PT 1?7 , U ( i i - 1 ; u$ TO 1 S T P R T "
4 5 2 0 GOSUB 7020 814.0 I F I N K E Y $ < > " S " T H E N GOTO 81
464.0 P R I N T P T 1 S . U t i ) -l.;P$«13 4-0
4650 PRINT TPE U 11) - 1, P $ (2) 8 1 5 0 CLS
4.660 GOSUB 6 9 5 0 8 1 6 0 RETURN
4 - 5 7 0 P R I N T PT IB , u a ) - 1 ; U$ 9 0 0 0 P R I N T PT 5 , © ; " O U T OF P M H U N I
4-580 P R I N T T P B U ( i ) - i; H $ (1) T ION"
4 6 5 5 GOSUB 6 9 5 0 9 0 0 5 FOR L = 1 TO 5 ©
4 6 9 0 GOSUB 7 0 2 0 9 0 1 © NEXT L
4 6 9 5 P R I N T PT 19 U ( 1 ) - 1 , U $ 9 0 1 5 FOR L = 1 TO 20
4703 LET 5 5 = I N T ( R N D * 5 + 1J 9 0 2 0 SCROLL
4-705 P R I N T P T 19 U ( L ) , : S B 9 0 2 5 NEXT L
4710 LET 5C = S C f 5 f 9 0 3 0 PRINT PT 3J 0 ; "YOUR S C O R E UP
A r—>
•*• J. A CGOSUB 1020 S " " SC
d-720 GOSUB 7500 9 0 4 . 0 LET YU = 0
4 7 3 0 P R I N T PT 1 9 , U f 1) 9 0 5 0 F O R N = 1 T O 6_
4 7 4 0 L E T U ( 1) = 0 9 0 6 0 I F S C >U(N) THEN GOTO 9300
4 7 4 5 LET F =0 9 0 7 0 NEXT N
4 7 5 0 GOTO 3 5 9 0 9 0 8 0 PRINT PT 5 . 0 . "TODPY""S S I X -
5 0 0 0 FOR N = - l TO 4 OF - T H E - B E S T : "
5 0 1 0 I F Y = U ( 3 ) +N T H E N GOTO 5100 9 0 9 0 F O R N = 1 TO G
NEXT N 9 1 0 0 PRINT PT N + 6 , . 5 ; N , U (N)
5 0 3 0 GOTO 3 5 6 0
5100 LET U $ = " •SL20 P R I N T N R T 1 4 , 0 ; "PRESS
5 1 0 1 P R I N T PT 16 U ( 3 - 1 ; U $ TO P L P Y P I R RPIO"
5 102 GOSUB 7 O 2 0 •3 1 3 0 G O S U E 7 0 0 0
5 1 1 0 P R I N T PT 17 U ; 3 ) - i , c $ ; i ) 9 140 GOSUB 7 0 2 0
5 1 1 5 P R I N T T P S U 3 )} - 1 ; C $ ( 2 ) 9 150 IF I N K E Y $ < : > " © " T H E N GOTO 9 1
5120 P R I N T TPB U 3 / - 1; C $ i 3 ) 30
5 1 3 0 GOSUB 6 9 5 0 916© FPST
5 1 4 0 P R I N T RT 1 7 , U ( W — J- < 9 1 7 0 CLS
5 1 5 0 1 P R I N T T P B U i 3)> - 1 , C $ ( 1 ) 9 1 8 0 GOTO 4-0
ere•— P R I N T T P B
c•—• 1-*..—' U(3 - 1 C $ (2 > 9 3 0 0 F O P L —6 TO N + L S T E P - 1
5 1 5 7 GOSUB 5 9 5 © 9 3 1 0 LET U(L)=U(L-1J
5 1 6 0 GOSUB 7 0 2 0 9320 NEXT L
5 1 6 5 P R I N T PT IB , U ( 3 ; - 1 : u $ 9 3 3 0 LET U(N)=5C
5170 PRINT TPB U ( 3 > - 1 ; C $ i l ) 934-0 PRINT PT N + 6 , 1 3 . " < WELL DON
5 1 7 5 GOSUB E >"
S I S O LET SB = I N T i R N D * 3 + l ) * 10© 935© GOTO 9 0 8 0
ZX COMPUTING APRILMAY 1983 21

THE NEW SPECTRUM EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE
ZX 81 (16K) AND SPECTRUM
' A D D - O N ' INTERMEDIATE ENGLISH 1

{ZX 81 and 16K Spectrum):—
Meaings 1. Meanings 2. Parts of
NOW WITH ADDITIONAL Speech. Proverbs, Similes.
Anagrams
SWITCH-TYPE INTERMEDIATE ENGLISH 2
{ZX81 and 16K Spectrum):—
JOYSTICK PORT INTERMEDIATE MATHS 1
clioms Opposites 1. Oppos tes 2
Group Terms Odd Word Out.
,U {ZX 81 and 46K Spectrum):—
Long Multiplication Long Division
Spellings
Highest Common Factor Lowes!
PLUS Common MuHip<e Fracnons i
(• & -> Fractions 2 (" 4 - )
VAT INTERMEDIATE MATHS 2
{ZX 81 and 48K Spectrum):—
Areas Perimeters Simpte
Equations Perceniages.Sets. Venn
Diagrams
O LEVEL MATHS REVISION
(ZX 81);—
COMPLETE your SPECTRUM with our Multi-purpose t teach and test program plus two
Sound Generator and Joystick-port Board!! With one programs using generated
questions from me O' level
low-cost purchase you can obtain the following syllabus
outstanding improvements to your ZX SPECTRUM:
O" LEVEL FRENCH REVISION
THREE CHANNEL sound effects. PROGRAM three (ZX 8 1 ) : -
3 teach and tesi Grammar
independent sounds with music, gun shots, PRIMARY ARITHMETIC programs, plus 3 comprehensive
explosions etc. (ZX 81 and 16K Spectrum):— Vocabulary programs
AMPLIFICATION of the standard sound output. Add Subtract Multiply and Divide
TWO ports for Potentiometer Joysticks; Numbers are in large s>2e type r P
*>M«Hy
ONE port for Switch-type Joystick. Entry ol answet with units first AHTHH.ETIC
EDUCATIONAL QUIZ
| The 'ADD-ON' uses the amazing AY-3-8910 SOUND (ZX 81):—
Chip, which gives you an enormous range of sound 4 programs lor the family Queslions
effects. The output and volume of each channel can on General Knowledge, Reasoning
be separately controlled, with gun shots, explosions, English and Maths All questions
drums etc., produced under the 'sound envelope'. use RND function
MOST IMPORTANT TO NOTE — the CHIP is £4 95 per cassette, or send sae (or catalogue to:—
Xl
processor independent.' This means that sounds can
continue to be produced without any noticeable ROSE CASSETTES,
effect on the speed of your program!! 148 W i d n e y L a n e . Solihull, West Midlands B91 3 L H .
The 'ADD-ON' contains its own speaker and amplifier Programmers - W e are looking for good ZX educational software
O chip and is supplied with a cassette containing sound
demonstration routines and some sample sounds.
The ADD-ON' simply plugs straight onto the back of
| your SPECTRUM. No soldering is required
Z X 81 & 16 K
COMPLETE YOUR SPECTRUM NOW!! T H E TOMB OF . WW,
r
DRACULA!
JOYSTICKS (POTENTIOMETER TYPE)
KIT (incl case) each £5 35 VAT BUILT each £6 75 VAT
COWBOY SHOOT OUT
{Machine Codel £3 95 * VAT k \
Full feature, TWO PLAYER, cowboy shooting
game. Hide behind the cactus plants and movir
chuck wagons until they are shot away. Shoot
iJD HORROR ADVENTURE GAME,
your opponent and avoid getting hit yourself. Occupying over 13 V4 K of memory, a superb 3D graphics
The second player can be the computer, but adventure game for the ZX81 with 16K RAM, f o r only
you set its skill Irom 10 levels. Excellent
colour graphics and sound
£3.95! Enter Dracula's tomb at 30 minutes to sunsent
... w a n d e r through the tomb's pre-mapped 300 vaults
CABMAN (Machine Code I £3 95 • VAT
You are the owner of a fleet of yellow taxis. in search of the fabled Vampire's Treasure . . . p i c k up
A rival firm competes with you, trying to steal valuable silver stakes and use them to defend yourself
your tares and run you off the road, if they can. against the lurking horrors ... ghouls, zombies, pits of
Ten skill levelsdetermme the number of opposing taxis, the primaeval slime ... See them all on the ZX81's plan of
speed at which they drive and the amount you earn per complet
lourney MAXIMISE your earnings before you lose your enlire the tomb . . . when it will let you! T a k e a chance on a
fleet This program is FIRST CUV"* Mystery Vault ... if your darel And all the time the
minutes are ticking by to sunset ... when Dracula rises
from his coffin and comes after y o u ! EaCH of the
infinite levels of the tomb has its own 300 vaults ... go
as deep as you like, the Prince of Darnkess will seek you
out in his blood-lust! W A R N I N G : people of an
MACHINE CODE PROGRAMMERS - exceptionally nervous disposition should play this game
ACS SOFTWARE
ASSEMBLER NOW ONLY £5 95 VAT only during the hours of daylight! Special facility
DISASSEMBLER NOW ONLY £4 95 VAT enables a game in progress to be saved on tape so you
BOOKS can continue it whenever your choose.
LARGE RANGE FOR SPECTRUM AND ZX81
•i^HI S T O P P R E S S : C o l o u r s o u n d version n o w available for
VKA NOTE We slock (and market! PROGRAM POWER 48K S p e c t r u m £4.95 mc p&p
SOFTWARE for (he BBC. ACORN, SPECTRUM and
0RAG0N 32 Send S A E for appropriate catalogue Price of only £3.95 includes ready-to-load cassette with
All program$ are now available al sit good dealers or library case and inlay, full instructions, postage and
d-rect from MICROPOWER LTD packing. Order today! Money refunded if not delighted!
Depl ZC* Please add S5p WRITTEN ANY PROGRAMS'
8 8a REGENT STREET, Send cash, P.O. or cheque to:
CHAPEL ALLERTON order P & P WE PAY 20% ROYALTIES
LEEDS LS7 4PE - VAT at 15% FOR ORAGON, SPECTRUM
Tel 10532) 683186 or 696343 BBC PROGRAMS M O V I E D R O M E V I D E O DEPT. ZC4
®®@©®®@Q0©QG®
19 Leighton A v e n u e . Pinner H A 5 3 B W .
22 383IZX C O M P U T I N G A P R I L / M A Y 1983 22
/ p
fg&MCC"*
MEMBERSHIP INCLUDES: 20% OFF FIRST TAPE
15% OFF NEXT THREE TAPES. 10% OFF ALL FUTURE TAPES AS MEMBER
* Special offers during membership • Forthcoming free offers
* Occasional very special hardware offers * Regular Newsletter and Lists
* Only the best software by the most respected houses stocked
Z X 8 1 • SPECTRUM . DRAGON 32 . ORIC 1 • JUPITER ACE . B.B.C.
TWO SCHEMES
* MAIL ORDER MEMBERSHIP: £8.00 • SHOP MEMBERSHIP: £5.00 • OPTIONAL LIFE MEMBERSHIP £5.00 EXTRA
* SPECIAL SCHEMES FOR 15-YEARS-OLD AND UNDER * O.A.P.S * UNEMPLOYED
TELEPHONE ACCESS/BARCLAYCARD/ViSA ACCEPTED OR S.A.E. FOR FULL DETAILS.
FREE DRAW FOR JUPITER ACE COMPUTER ON APRIL 30th FOR ALL MEMBERS!
You know us! We are genuine! Full refund of fee if not satisfied
when membership details arrive or anytime in first six months if ) ' 'THE FRIENDLY
genuioe complaint is not resolved within 30 days. ^ Pop-in to the shop and have a'chat about
5 ST. PETERS LANE, LEICESTER. TEL: 0533 29023 J ^ t h e C l u b lf wish ~ no Obligation.
y
At last there's a really cheap
NOW. A ZX81
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ZX81's only real bug: its keyboard.
The Filesixty Buttonset offers
PUSH-BUTTON
• A full-travel calculator type
\ Mdhr sure til- iirv'".J' ""ibaain i\ rl- >i
moving keyboard lor only £9.95. ji*Kt*i> Ifw! .KIt*l<*vs (uncUHi
• Installed in seconds.The peel
KEYBOARD
off adhesive backing means you
just register into position and
press. ? The Buttompl is iri piji
• No messy labels, dismantling t>y se1! uarti
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or soldering.
• 3 groups of colour keys to
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• Precision moulded in ABS
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trasting legends tor maximum
legibility.
Allow up to 28 days for delivery
Orders to Filesixty Ltd.. FREEPOST.
ZX 81 London W9 2BR. J And p'ac (• • i vntrall) • «n yvw ItHl
IE bii Cm Cheques/PO made payable to Filesixty Ltd 1
Please send me (qty.) Butlonset(s) at £9 9b eat! |
- I (including VAT and P&P)
I Total I HMThi
a m m m m m a • Name
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I; I 3 I TV
IA
L_
I

SOFTWARE REVIEWS
Sinclair
ture 'the computer acts as your I found very quickly. Once that
p u p p e t and c o n t r o l s y o u r happens in an adventure I quit
senses'. Plenty of imagination, and start again, making sure
software
patience, and some lateral think- from then on that I stay well
ing are necessary if you are to clear of the maze at all times!
succeed. An adventure is a In Ship of Doom {Adventure
game w i t h an object — to enter a C), your ship, whilst on a recon-
for your '81

castle, rescue a princess from naissance f l i g h t , has been
the clutches of an evil wizard, drawn by a Graviton Beam onto
and escape with her to safety, an alien cruiser. Your aim is to
for example. free your ship by pressing the
You move from one location control button in the main com-
to another and there are objects puter room. You commence in
Our intrepid
along the way, some of which your ship, and begin by moving
should be collected as you will into the airlock of the alien
need them later on. Hazards of cruiser. This is a long adventure
reviewer, Nick one sort or another abound, and

you will need to overcome them
w i t h some 4 0 locations — a
radio r o o m , r o b o t f a c t o r y ,
Pearce, inspects
all. Each location is described by weaponry, cold room, galactic
X PM ON P. H O U M T R I M PLÊPU
the new range of

TQ T H E NORTH T H E R E I S P : . . 1 = F
E X I T S A R E DQIJN, E A S T PNC WEST
J. CRN P L SO S E E :
software from the

P P I E C E CP S H R R P INT
rELL '-1E i.'-H^T TG DC-
P I C K UP r INT
Sinclair stable. I C P NT
E L L ME UfHpT
r TO ~n
3 E T FiJ I N T
CK , . .
T E L L ME UHPT TO DO
GO N O R T H
I C P N T CO I N THPT DIRECTION
n £ UMAT "TU DO
Z X 8 1 A sample screen dump from Planet of Death.
the computer, and you instruct it bar, an android conversion room

S S t T O F D f c t f H w i t h short phrases such as 'Go
East', 'Get knife', 'Use torch',
to name a f e w .
There are also about 4 0 ob-
etc. The computer then provides jects including a sonic
an appropriate response such as s c r e w d r i v e r , infra-red spec-
a new location description, 'I tacles, even a body frozen in ice
can't' or quite often 'I don't and a beautiful android girl. I
understand'. It is a good idea to w o n ' t go into too much detail
make a map as you proceed to over what can be done with her,
stand any chance at all of retrac- suffice to say that she is pro-
ing your steps to safety. grammed for satisfaction —
All the Artie adventures are some parts of this adventure are
written in machine code and are definitely for adults only.
very fast; response to com- There is the odd spelling slip
mands is practically instan- in my copy of the program, (ex-
taneous. They each have an im- its becomes exitw in the log
pressively large vocabulary of room, for example), but nothing
over 1 0 0 words. The programs is seriously wrong. In some
are long, and take 5 Vi minutes places the program is surprising-
(Adventure A) to 7 minutes ly flexible, it accepts both the in-
(Adventure D) to LOAD. structions 'turn' and 'rotate', for
example, although some other
Forbibben Planet c o m m a n d s h a v e t o be in-
furiatingly precise. In all the Ar-
Planet of Death {Adventure A) tie adventures you can speed up
has about 2 0 locations and a data entry, by typing 'N' for
I
known formerly as Adventures similar number of objects. You North and *Y' for yes, for exam-
Planet Of Death, A, C and D) for marketing by are stranded on an alien planet, ple.
i Ship Of Doom, and Sinclair as part of their fast ex- and the object is to escape by All the Artie adventures are
panding software range. finding your space ship which
Adventure island For the benefit of readers has been captured and disabled.
extremely absorbing. They can
also be very frustrating; it is
— Artie Computing new to computer adventures, a You really are in a strange possible to spend a whole even-
Ltd brief explanation of this type of
role playing game will not go
world of the imagination. There ing stuck in one small area of the
are caves, a prison, a lift (but the game unable to solve a problem
Firstly for this month's Z X 8 1 amiss. An adventure is a game in buttons are rather high, and that will allow you to move fur-
software review, some adven- which you explore strange new where does it go?), guards and ther. However, some time later
tures from Artie. Three of Artie's worlds with your computer in green men, and much more and after giving up all hope of
adventures have been given at- the comfort of your o w n home. besides. There is also a maze, a c o m p l e t i n g t h e g a m e , the
tractive boxes and more in- As the introduction to the Artie feature common to many answer will hit you in a flash of
t e r e s t i n g t i t l e s (they were games puts it, during an adven- adventures and which, as usuat. inspiration and you can move on
24 ZX COMPUTING APRIL'MAY 1983
L
SOFTWARE REVIEWS
— until you reach another seem- the shortest, w i t h the fewest
ingly intractable problem a f e w locations and objects but will
locations later. A n adventure nevertheless provide many
can take days to complete! hours of enjoyment. The quality
Both Adventures C and D are of software for the Z X 8 1 is con-
very long and incorporate a stantly improving, and at the
cassette routine w i t h which a s a m e t i m e p r i c e s a r e , if
partly completed game can be anything, falling. Some readers
SAVEd, and LOADed at a later might feel these Artie cassettes
date — a v e r y n e c e s s a r y are still a l i t t l e e x p e n s i v e ;
feature. h o w e v e r , there can be little
doubt that they are very good
adventures indeed.
I SPY...
Artie Adventures A, C and D
So absorbing were the previous cost £5, £7 and £8 respective-
t w o a d v e n t u r e s t h a t t h e ly, and are available from Artie
deadline for this issue dawned Computing Ltd, 396 James
before I had managed to com- Reckitt Avenue, Hull, HU8 OJA,
plete Artie's final adventure — or through Sinclair Research Ltd
Espionage Island {DJ, so I am (see below).
afraid much of it remains un-
charted for the present. On the
basis of the part I have so far ex-
Reversi
plored, I am confident that it will — Mine of
prove an excellent game. Information
Perhaps in another edition of
this magazine I will be able to Reversi is a late nineteenth cen-
give away a few of its secrets. tury board game. Mine of Infor-
For the present, the plot is as mation's computer version also
follows. goes under the name 'Othello'
The intrepid adventurer is (as readers of the letter pages of
sent on a reconnaissance mis- this magazine will no doubt
sion to observe an enemy island; r e c a l l ) .
there is a s e c r e t h i d d e n It is a game of skill between
somewhere on this island w h i c h t w o players using a draught change the start position. Using
9 which takes a very long time
must be discovered. Unfor- board. Counters, black on one this latter facility you can select
indeed. Harder levels of play
tunately. your plane has to be side and w h i t e on the other, are for yourself a f e w advantageous
take longer as the computer
abandoned when one of its used. A move is made by placing positions the corners, for ex-
looks further ahead and so has
engines is hit by enemy fire. The a counter on a vacant square ample — to give yourself a
more possibilities to evaluate. I
a d v e n t u r e b e g i n s in t h e next to an opponent's counter, chance against the computer!
w a s s o m e w h a t disconcerted
aeroplane and leads into the and each move must result in For the novice, the sample game
w h e n I first tried level 9, the
heart of the enemy stronghold, the 'capture' of an opponent's is v e r y u s e f u l f o r g a i n i n g
screen goes blank and after
from which you must eventually piece — a capture is made by familiarity w i t h the rules and
trapping a counter showing the l e a r n i n g s o m e t h i n g of t h e waiting for a while nothing hap-
return to safety. This is a very pened and I thought the program
difficult game, only to be at- opponent's colour (or a line of strategy behind the game. You
had crashed. It would be nice if
tempted by the experienced such counters) between the can go forwards and backwards
the board was displayed,
adventurer. Even getting out of new counter and one showing through the sample game so
perhaps w i t h some reassuring
the aeroplane and safely onto your o w n colour already on the that the effect of each move can
message such as 'wait please, I
the island is a problem — or at board. The game ends w h e n be c l e a r l y s e e n .
am thinking', whilst the com-
least I found it so — and I haven't neither player can make a cap- The board is displayed on the
puter evaluates its next move.
yet managed to get much fur- ture. The winner is the player screen w i t h the square co-
A t least you can then ponder
ther f o r w a r d . w i t h the largest number of ordinates (A to H on the horizon-
your following move.
tal axis, 1 to 8 on the vertical
The hardest levels really take
I RM I N RN R I R C R R F T scale), d i s p l a y e d a l o n g the
far too long between moves for
THERE NO O B U I O U S EXIT board edges. White and black
IN RLSO SEE pieces are denoted by ' 0 ' and a sensible game to be played. In
A PRRflCHUTE UIT H R CORD 'inverse O' respectively. The any case, levels 1, 2 and 3 are
H DOS" = L E ' - I F P display includes the current hard enough for even a good
T E L L ME U H P T T O DO score and the co-ordinates of player. If you can beat it at level
GET PRRRCHUTE the last move. After each move, 4 you must have played this
OK . . t h e c o m p u t e r ' f l a s h e s ' the game before, to beat it at level 5
T E L L ME U H R T T O DO pieces c a p t u r e d for a f e w you must be very good indeed!
O P E N DOCJ5 seconds — a nice touch. The cassette is recorded on
THE DOOR O P E N S . P U L L I N G RW W*J I both sides, and the game takes
UTTH A R U S H Or RIR
YOU F L U N G E T H R O U G H THE RIR NO Cheating! about three minutes to load. It is
w r i t t e n a l m o s t e n t i r e l y in
AND M A K E A L R P C E RED ME
The computer checks that the machine code. Well-written in-
t'OU OERO
DO Y O U W I S H T O T R Y R G R T r-i t chosen moves are valid. Each structions, complete w i t h some
R N S U E R Y E S OR NO time it is your turn to move, you hints on tactics and strategy, are
A sample screen dump from Espionage Island can call up various game options included in the package. Reversi
— change level of play, replay is a very sophisticated program,
All the Artie adventures seem counters showing their colour. last move, change sides, pass, easy to use and enjoyable to
to be from the same original Now to MOI's game. After or return t o BASIC. There are play. It is probably the best
master program, but I d o n ' t LO ADing the cassette, a menu is nine levels of play, the response 'Othello' program for the Z X 8 1
think that once you've mastered displayed and you can choose to at levels 1 and 2 is practically in- on the market, and will certainly
one, the others will be a doddle. play a game against an oppo- stantaneous; levels 4, 5 and 6 improve the play of both begin-
Each is original in content, and nent, a game against the com- take about three, 10 and 4 0 ners and more experienced ^
challenging. Planet of Death is puter, a 'sample' game, or to seconds respectively, up to level players alike. ^

SOFTWARE REVIEWS
slowest speed to easy, there are As well as jumping forwards
SEVERS I five levels of play to choose from across the river, frogs can jump
Lc'JEL 1 P 3 r.
w D F G H and these can be selected at the backwards and left and right
5 CORE start of each game. along the top of the boats
o u o O O o O o O Super Glooper is written in (although they c a n n o t jump
3 16
0 -t IJ 2 •3A ®
j-> o
machine code. It is a short pro- from the back of one boat to the
gram and takes only 8 0 seconds front of another coming along
t o load. If you have already got behind). Apart from the last
LAST HOvc G & W 6
yy 0 0 vSl w
one of the many versions of Pac- frogs, where some manoeuver-
3 SI 5 O a ® 3 O a S O C7 Man n o w on the market for your ing is sometimes necessary to
O H2 2 X 8 1 , you will probably not be get to a still vacant jetty, I found I
± C K3 Hi o s o -i- very interested in this game. If tended to use the forward keys
13 ~ r G MOVE r—-w not, you may well find it a useful only.
-
o o & o A o o o a d d i t i o n t o y o u r library of Again, this is a machine code
- * REPLAY games. Not a particularly in- game and the program is quite
o o o •J 0 o o o o 2 spired game, but competent and short taking about 1 Vi minutes
1-BRCKUPRD w e l l - w r i t t e n , and quite good to load. Movement is smooth
2"> F O P v J P O D <
i s. o n O o o o tSi o .V fun. and the game is pretty well idiot
3 1 P L P Y ON proof. There are nine levels of
p c D E F G H
The board and score table of the game,
B
Reversi.
Jump to it p l a y , harder g a m e s h a v i n g
faster moving boats, A league
I also found Frogs, on the B side, table that can record the scores
Super Glooper shield you get 5 0 points. It is
profitable to chase the aliens —
an enjoyable game. It is similar of u p t o e i g h t p l a y e r s is
— Psion once y o u have a shield, of
t o 'Frogger', the basic idea being
simple but quite effective.
displayed at the end of each
game, so a competition bet-
course — since you get an in- The screen displays a river ween players can be held.
I am sure readers will not need
credible 1 , 6 0 0 points if you w i t h t w o banks, one at the top
reminding that six Psion soft- This is the sort of game that
catch all four aliens w i t h one of the screen and the other at the
ware cassettes were reviewed requires a lot of concentration. It
shield. Of course, shields do not b o t t o m . On the river are nine
in the Oct/Nov 1 9 8 2 issue of w o u l d probably make a very
last for long, and catching more lanes of boats, w i t h boats in ad-
this magazine. Super Glooper is g o o d a l t e r n a t i v e t o the
than even one alien is not an jacent lanes travelling in op-
a cassette from the same stable, breathaliser test — a drink or
easy task. posite directions, left to right
and like the other Psion software t w o and I would imagine that it
and right t o left across the
is also marketed by Sinclair.
The cassette contains t w o
Hang on... screen. (The screen looks rather
would become well nigh im-
possible to get any frogs across
games and on the A side is the ti- like a bird's eye view d o w n on a as the moving boats just form a
A nice feature of this game is a
tle game, Super Glooper. It is, I very busy m o t o r w a y ) . blurr in front of your eyes.
pause facility. If you get in a
suppose, really a ' P a c - M a n ' fluster — w i t h an alien close by, Eight frogs wait on the lower Frogs is not a complicated
type game in reverse. Instead of you might suddenly be unable to bank and the object is to help game, but it is well-written,
rushing around a maze eating find the right keys to get away t h e m each in turn across the works well and is enjoyable. At
food pills or whatever, in this from him — you can pause, or river to five jetties on the upper C4.95 for the t w o games, this
one you 'paint' each square of freeze, the game while y o u com- bank. They must jump f r o m boat cassette represents reasonable
the maze as you go over it. pose yourself. However, I found to boat, if any land in the river or value for money.
miss a jetty they are lost. Points
are scored for each frog that Reversi costs C 7.95 and Super
successfully crosses the river. Glooper costs €4.95. All the
T w o factors make this game cassettes featured in this review
more difficult: there is a time are marketed by Sinclair
limit for e a c h game ( 1 0 0 Research and are a vailable from:
seconds); and once a jetty has Sinclair Research Ltd, Stanhope
been reached by a frog, that jet- Road. Camberley, Surrey and
ty cannot be used again in that selected branches of WH Smith
game. Whilst the jetties Ltd.
'downstream' of the last lane of
boats are relatively easy t o
reach, those farthest upstream
are much more difficult to land
on.
The score board for the Frogs game
There are, of c o u r s e , four Psion's choice of control keys

aliens w h o roam the maze, and rather difficult to get used to.
the object is to paint the whole Keys 1 t o 5 move you up, for ex-
maze before they catch and ample, whereas I would rather
destroy you. You have four lives be able to use any of the keys in
per game. In each of the four the top row for up. This is, of
corners of the maze is a shield, course, very m u c h a matter of
and if you can reach one of these personal preference, other
you may catch one, or more, of players might well by quite con-
the aliens. tent w i t h Psion's layout.
For each square in the maze If you manage to completely
that is painted, a score of 1 0 paint a maze, more difficult
points is given, and for each mazes appear. If you find the
26
SPECTRUM HARDWARE
Adding on realise the potential you hold in

your hands. Over the next few
niscent of those employed by
the Atari computer. As can be
your
pages you will hopefully see fur- seen in the photograph, they are
ther applications for you and very solid with an easy-to-gnp
your computer to explore. stick made of hard rubber-like
substance. The joysticks at first
Spectrum
Joystick interface seemed a little stiff, but with use
could be manipulated with preci-
module sion. The red firing button was
— ACF Hardware easy to use when moving the
stick and always fired when you
The AGF joystick interface, a wanted it to.
version of which is also available The joystick interface and
for the Z X 8 1 , has been de- joysticks come complete with
Our review team take a signed to connect to the back of instructions and a short piece on
the Spectrum via the rear edge using the joysticks in your own
brief look at some of the connector. There is also an ex- programs. The hardware is also
tension edge connector allow- c o v e r e d by a three m o n t h
hardware add-ons for ing further devices to be added. guarantee for the joystick and
The interface is built solidly but 1 2 months cover for the inter-
the zx Spectrum. is not completely closed off. The face.
connection to the read edge The first commercial pro-
connector is good, and can be gram written for t w o players
easily removed w i t h o u t too using the AGF joystick arrange-
Now that the ZX Spectrum has c u r r e n t l y a v a i l a b l e on t h e
much worry of it falling apart in ment is soon to be available from
well and truly established itself market but rather give you a
your hands. Silversoft. AGF are also selec-
on the micro market, it is amply flavour of the technology you
supported by a wealth of hard- can a d d o n t o y o u r Spectrum. As The special feature of the ting other programs for use with
ware add-ons. Most of these joysticks are an obvious favour AGF interface is that it includes their joysticks.
peripheral devices have been ite, these have been covered in an enable switch which makes The cost of one joystick and
manufactured by the people some d e t a i l w h e r e a s R A M the keys of the Spectrum inoper- interface module is £ 2 3 . 5 0 and
who supported the ZX81, but packs are fairly standard and so ative excepting the 2, W, S, Z, comes complete with a free de-
just as the Spectrum has at- have only been briefly touched 9, 0, L and Symbol Shift keys. m o n s t r a t i o n program, Video
tracted new users with its pro on. Also included in this section There is room for t w o joysticks, Graffiti. Extra joysticks are
wess, so too has it attracted a area number of quite specialised and t h e p o s i t i o n s for t h e priced at £ 7 . 4 5 each. For fur-
new foliowtng from the add-on add-ons like sound units and a joysticks are both clearly mark- ther details of these devices
manufacturers. digital tracer. ed. contact AGF Hardware, 26 Van
In this brief guide, we have If you o w n a Spectrum, you Moving onto the joysticks Gogh Place, Bognor Regis, West
not tried to cover all the devices will no doubt have begun to themselves, they are very remi- Sussex P 0 2 2 9BY,
Joysticks The joystick interface module from

AGF Hardware, complete with Atari-style
joysticks.
ZX COMPUTING APRILMAY 1 9 8 3 27
I
SPECTRUM HARDWARE
The Spectrum Provision is made for t w o joy- The joystick board from
Add-on sticks to be fitted to the Add-on
and are available from Micro
Interceptor Micro's offering
facilities for two Atari-style
— Micro Power Power as kits. The joysticks, joysticks.
once constructed, are easy to
The Micro Power Add-on is a hold and the stick is easy to
board which fits onto the edge manipulate. Connection to the
connector at the rear of the ZX Add-on is via a quite flimsy con-
Spectrum. This connection is nection, but this seemed to hold
good and solid, but when you up reasonably well during the
want to remove it you get the review period.
feeling that you are going to pull
The cost of the Add-on board
off some of the components as
is £ 1 9 . 5 0 + VAT and comes
well! (However, it must be said
complete w i t h full instructions
that the Add-on board remained
for use. The joystick kits are
intact throughout the review.)
priced at £ 3 . 9 5 + VAT. For fur-
The Add-on board is claimed
ther details of these products
to give users three advantages-
get in touch w i t h Micro Power,
Looking at them in order, the
8 / 8 A Regent Street, Chape!
first is that it provides three
Allerton, Leeds LS7 4PE.
channel sound effects via the
popular A Y - 3 - 8 9 1 0 chip from
General I n s t r u m e n t s . This Joystick board
sound generator allows you to — mtercepter
control sound, accessing
various sound effects by the use
Micro's
of BASIC within the program By This interface board is designed
this method, you can easily in- to connect a standard Atari-type
troduce simple effects such as a joystick to the ZX Spectrum.
gun-shot within a program 9 I
The board itself is not boxed
the presence of the speaker on and felt very fragile when plug-
the board makes this quite ef- ged into the back of the Spec-
fective. trum. There is also room at the
Utilising the 2 W amplifier and rear of the board to interface fur-
loudspeaker built into the Add- ther add-ons should you so
on is easily done by plugging the desire. T w o positions are avail-
attached jack plug into the ear- able for you to insert joysticks,
phone socket of the Add-on to and although the connection did demonstration cassette is in- The cost of the joystick is
amplify the output of the sound not seem at all strong, the joy- c l u d e d in t h e package for £ 1 5 . 9 5 . For further details of
chip. You can also plug the jack sticks worked adequately. demonstration of the joystick, this product write to Interceptor
plug into the MIC socket at the Instructions are provided for once connected. The supplied Micro's. Lindon House, The
back of the Spectrum to amplify the user to check that the inter- software demonstrates various Green, Tadley, Hants.
the output of the computer's face board is working up to the programming methods includ-
BEEP commands. s t a n d a r d s r e q u i r e d , and a ing machine code and control Competition
over sound and screen move-
ment.
pro-joystick
Interceptor Micro's offer any — Kempston Micro
users their help with converting Electronics
any software that you may
already o w n so that it will The Kempston joystick is a very
operate with the joystick board, solid looking device. Housed in
and are currently offering to black plastic, the joystick has a
market any software produced thick stick with a bulbous handle
written using the board. which makes it very easy to grip.
There are t w o firing buttons,
each brightly coloured red, sup-
' • • O T * »*
The Spectrum Add-on from

Micro Power — connected in the
photograph to amplify the
computer's BEEP commands.

SPECTRUM HARDWARE
Once you have completed its joysticks from the board in-
The solid looking Competition manufacture, there are also a volved some fairly vigourous
pro joystick from Kemps ton
Micro Electronics. number of programming sug- manoeuvering as well, which
gestions which can be utilised to did not feel very confident.
test the unit. Provision is made The joysticks supplied with
for t w o joysticks, and although the sample were fairly sturdy
the DIN plugs are used for a good and held up well in operation.
connection, the board did not The feel of them was a little
feel very safe whilst the connec- floppy, but they nevertheless
t i o n s were made. Removing the worked adequately. The firing
button, emphasised in bright
red, operated whenever it was
posedly for left or right handed

players (Heaven forbid that soft-
Analogue input
ware games become so com- device
plex that you have to choose — Midwich
between the type of laser you
blast the aliens with!). This interface is once again not
The joystick comes complete boxed. Good connections are
with a boxed interface which made when the board is plugged
easily plugs in and out of the rear into the Spectrum, but there
edge connector of the Spec- were fears (unfounded as it hap-
trum. It does not, however, pens) when it had to be re-
have any facility for any other moved. The Midwich interface
add-on to be fitted once the joy- lies horizontal out of
stick is in position. the back of
The joystick operation is eas-
ily programmed for in BASIC or
machine code, and full instruc-
tions plus a number of demon-
stration programs are provided
for you to get the hang of it. At^
the time of writing,
the Kemp-
The Analogue input device

complete with joystick from
Midwich Computer Company.
UlUlUlUlUHUliili
Ur>p
ston joystick was compatible
with at least five games on the
market, including those from
Quicksilva, Softek, Abbex and
New Generation.
Operation of the joystick was the Spectrum, rather than ver
a bit stiff at first, but once you tical like the rest of the review leeded without any worries.
get used to it, skillful manipula- samples, and there were the The cost of the analogue in-
tion was possible. nagging fears of the 'RAM pack put interface is £ 2 2 . 9 5 and
The cost of the Kempston wobble syndrome' happening all each joystick is priced at £ 7 . 9 9 .
joystick is £25. Further details over again. For further details of Midwich
on this device are available from The interface board is avail- products contact Midwich
Kempston Micro Electronics, able from Midwich as a kit, and Computer Company Ltd, Rick-
180A Bedford Road, Kemp- as such comes complete with inghall House, Rickinghall, Suf-
ston, Bedford MK42 8BL. full instructions for assembly. folk IP22 1HH.
383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1 9 8 3 29

SPECTRUM HARDWARE
Sound and The Chatterbox

speech synthesis unit
vision
from William Stuart
Systems.
Big Ears
— William Stuart
Systems
Originally d e s i g n e d for the
UK 1 0 1 and Superboard. the Big
Ears speech recognition system
is n o w available for most leading ZONX
micros including the ZX Spec- — Bi-Pak
trum.
Housed in a sturdy box, the
Semiconductors
Big Ears system consists of a Originally d e s i g n e d for the
microphone, pre-amplifier, Z X 8 1 , Bi-Pak have n o w releas-
analogue frequency filters and ed an adaptor so that the
digital interface. You are also Z O N X - 8 1 can n o w be utilised
supplied w i t h a software w i t h the Spectrum.
package allowing you to Self-contained in a strong
become acquainted w i t h what Stuart Systems Ltd, 4 4 Bedford hardware to be added on. plastic box, the unit easily plugs
y o u soon find is a very complex The speech output from the into the rear of the Spectrum for-
Gardens, London W 8 7EH.
piece of technology. The pro- unit is of quite high standard and ming a good connection. There
gram w i t h the system has four is certainly fun to play w i t h . By is a manual control for the
modes. Learn, Test, Demo or POKEing various codes, it is volume, the sound produced be-
Save. All the modes are fairly
self-explanatory, and the demo Chatterbox possible to build up words by
their basic sounds. It sounds
ing clear and within a reasonable
volume range.
explains all should y o u require
comprehensive details,
— William Stuart fairly easy, but it can take quite Using the unit, via simple
Using the equipment, you
Systems some time to find exactly the BASIC c o m m a n d s included
right sounds you need before within a piece of software, a
can allow the Spectrum to learn Chatterbox uses a novel method anyone can recognise what you wide range of sound effects can
a w o r d , you can then test that of forming speech - it does not are trying to say. It is a trium- be produced by the three chan-
the computer understands and contain a fixed vocabulary, but phant moment though, when nel plus noise chip housed
recognizes that word, and then rather depends on the building your Chatterbox finally puts within the unit. Thus, depending
save the program together w i t h up of individual s o u n d s (or together its first w o r d . on various statements within a
it^ new expanded vocabulary. phonemes) under program con- program, the pitches and
The unit comes complete
During the review period, we trol. w i t h a list of codes with which to volumes of three channels and
had the Big Ears programmed to The Chatterbox itself is a nice experiment w i t h and use as overall attack/decay envelope
recognise nearly e v e r y o n e ' s solid box w i t h a speaker unit building blocks, as well as some can be manipulated. And what
name in the office. And this it did built into the front. The output program examples of how to that means is that you can get
quite successfully, except for from the speaker is clear and set utilise the device within your quite realistic sound of explo-
the name 'Helen' w h i c h it seem- at a reasonable volume. There is programs. sions, helicopters, bells, etc.
ed t o 'recognize' every time it also a speaker output at the back The Chatterbox is priced at There is an interface at the
w a s n ' t quite sure! of the unit, as well as an audio £ 4 9 or £ 3 9 as a DIY kit. For fur- rear of the device which means
Complete with full instruc- output w h i c h could be played ther details c o n t a c t William that you could add other devices
tions for use, the Big Ears through your hi-fi. The Chatter- Stuart Systems Ltd, 4 4 Bedford on the back of the Spectrum at
speech recognition system is box is connected to the rear Gardens, London W 8 7EH. the same time as your ZONX.
priced at £ 4 9 . For further details edge connector of the Spectrum
of this device, contact William and provides room for additional
The Big Bars speech recognition

system interface from William
Stuart Systems.
s p e e c h
. pecoG^r
SVS
i
si"
T.
30
SPECTRUM HARDWARE
Graphics
Complete with a very com-
prehensive manual with tried
and tested software examples,
the ZOISIX is priced at £ 3 2 . 7 5 .
For more information contact 8i-
Pak Semiconductors. The Mak-
ings, 63A High Street, Ware,
Herts SGI 2 9AG.
S-Pack Digital tracer

— DCP Micro- — RD Laboratories
developments
The device from RD
This is another product which Laboratories must be singled out
first cut its teeth on the Z X 8 1 . as special if only for its cheap
Plugging this unit into the back price — this sort of technology
The ZONX81 speech
of the Spectrum, you can make peck complete with has normally only been available
the S-Pack work wonders in interface for use on for up-market computers.
seconds. With a few simple key the ZX Spectrum from The Digital Tracer comes
presses, it announces 'This is Bi Pak Semiconductors. complete with an instruction
S Digitalker' (which is what it used booklet, a tracing sheet and a
to be called!). template which is used for align-
The unit comes supplied with ment. The cassette supplied
a total v o c a b u l a r y of 7 1 with the package includes four
phrases, numbers or letters. programs which can be used in-
They at first sight do not seem dividually or MERGEd and used
very inspiring, but at closer in- together. Using the programs
spection, they all seem to be you can plot individual points,
fairly useful. Should you get draw lines, alter the background
bored with these sounds, DCP and foreground colours, shading
have three other Word Packs areas enclosed by the tracer,
which are supplied as ROMs and printing and editing of text on
just need to be allowed for in screen. Thus, you could, using
your programming for inclusion the Digital Tracer, transfer a pic-
in a new program. These Word ture or diagram to the screen,
simple Packs are priced at £ 1 4 . 9 5 further develop it using the
luded each, so check out that you are editing facilities, and then SAVE
3re, a interested in the complete voc- the screen to tape.
ts can abulary before looking t o o In practice, however, the
chan- closely at the unit. digital tracer is a little tricky to
>used The S-Pack is housed in a use. As you draw using the
:ndmg black box with a good edge con- tracer, a crosshair target comes
thin a nector and an expansion con- up on the screen, and by skillful
and nector should you wish to hang manipulation, very accurate
s and anything else on the back. drawing can be accomplished.
elope The S-Pack, complete with However, when you start trying
what Word Pack 1, is priced at to fill in areas of the screen, or
in get £49.95. Further details are adding fine detail to your draw-
jxplo- available from DCP Microdevel- The S-Pack from DCP ing, it does get a bit awkward.
IC. opments Ltd, 2 Station Close, Microde velopments. Since the software is written in
it the Lingwood, Norwich NR1 3 4AX. BASIC, rather than machine
leans code, it would seem fair to lay
ivices the blame for any of the tracer's
j m at shortcomings at the software's
door.
O t h e r p r o g r a m s on t h e
cassette include a co-ordinates
program which can be used to
move an origin and x and y co-
ordinates around the screen.
Another program allows you to
draw at a fast speed with the
tracer, with the computer plot-
ting the points at a slower rate.
And the last prog'ram is used to
define user characters, but is not
intended for use with the tracer.
All in all, a useful device
which faithfully reproduces the
drawing action on screen. The
Digital Tracer is available at
£ 4 9 . 9 5 . For more detailsonthis
product contact RD Laborator-
ies, Unit 20. Court Road In-
dustrial Estate, Cum Barn,
The Digital Tracer unit from RD Gwent NP44 3AS.
Laboratories.
31
Extra,
a BUS connector which has all
the necessary data, power and
decoded address lines to add
extra
more peripherals.
Cased in a smart looking unit,
the Interspec package comes
complete with detailed instruc-
tions on how to get the most out
of the unit, backed with hard-
ware and software examples.
32K RAM Priced at £ 3 9 . 9 5 , you can
— JRS Software find out more about the Inter-
spec unit and its control appli-
The 32K RAM option for the c a t i o n s f r o m DCP M i c r o -
16K Spectrum is offered in t w o developments Ltd, 2 Station
forms, one for each issue of the Close, L i n g w o o d , N o r w i c h
ZX Spectrum. NR13 4 A X .
The first issue can be up-
graded to 4 8 K using a RAM
board which is fitted inside the
Spectrum. Installation is easily
done and requires no soldering,
just some very careful fitting.
The retaining screws in the base
of the Spectrum are undone
and, by carefully lifting up the
cover, the board can be placed
over and firmly pushed into the
place indicated in the instruc-
tions that come with the RAM
board. Once in place, the Spec-
trum is closed up and operates
as a 48K machine.
Perhaps a better w a y of
upgrading can be done as in the
method employed in the second
issue of the Spectrum. Here you
are supplied with 12 ICS, all
clearly marked with a letter. A,
B. C, D or E. Using the diagram
supplied, you carefully undo
your Spectrum and position the
lCs as shown in the accompany-
ing documentation. Once fitted,
the Spectrum can be put back
together again and you have a
48K machine.
Both methods of upgrading
were easy to accomplish and
both proved effective during the
period they were tested for
review.
The 32K RAM board for the
first issue ZX Spectrum is priced
at £ 4 2 . 5 0 and the 32K ICs for
the second issue Spectrum cost
£ 4 2 . 5 0 . For further details con-
tact JRS Software, 19 Wayside
Avenue, Worthing BN1 3 3JU.
interspec
— DC P Micro-
developments
This one unit provides virtually
the complete interface package
that anyone would want on their
computer.
For the dedicated program-
mer, you'll find an eight bit TTL
input port, an eight-bit TTL out-
put p o r t , an eight channel
analogue to digital converter,
four high current relay outputs
and four switch inputs. Also, fit-
ted to the rear of the Interspec is
32
SPECTRUM HARDWARE
Settling The Spectrum

workstation from
down?
Peter Furlong
Products in action
Spectrum T w o s w i t c h e s c a n be
workstation attached to the unit (although
only one switch is shown in the
— Peter Furlong r e v i e w s a m p l e ) , an o n / o f f
Products switch for the Spectrum and a
LOAD/SAVE switch catering for
If you're going to settle d o w n the bizarre s w i t c h i n g leads
with your Spectrum and you s i t u a t i o n on the S p e c t r u m .
want security, then this may be These are both counted as ex-
what you're looking for — it tras and are priced at £ 3 . 0 0
makes the Spectrum into a very e a c h , b u t are e x t r e m e r y
smart looking system. necessary for best operation. An
Constructed from durable alloy base is also available for
ABS plastic, the workstation the unit, at the additional price of
would certainly stand up to a fair £ 3 . 5 0 . which comes complete
amount of punishment. The with rubber feet for grip.
Spectrum fits into the slot built The PSU is hidden inside the
into the front of the unit, and the main body of the unit above
trailing wires (to the TV, PSU, which sits the TV or monitor.
printer, etc) are to be slotted The plinth is raised slightly pro-
through small holes cut into the viding a good angle of view for
plastic frame. This operation is the user. (Should the TV over-
actually more difficult than it hang the workstation, Peter
may at first seem, especially as Furlong Products are working on
you are required to do some an extention bracket to over-
quite tricky soldering to attach come this problem). A matching
the speaker connections to the stackable unit for the ZX Micro-
Spectrum. (The speaker is drives will soon also be available
available as an extra for £ 3 . 5 0 . ) to match this unit.
The cost of the Spectrum

workstation is £ 1 6 . 0 0 plus
£ 2 . 0 0 postage. Further infor- has been designed to allow for
mation is obtainable from Peter all that you would need to carry
Furlong Products, Unit F, South around with you, including room
Coast Road Industrial Estate, for the m u c h heralded ZX
Peacehaven, East Sussex BN9 M i c r o d r i v e s . Each piece of
8NA. equipment is held securely in
shock absorbant foam, with the
Spectrum custom individual devices connected up
case under the foam for good connec-
tion.
— Computex cases Should you have the oppor-
And if you have settled down to tunity to power up your Spec-
just using a Spectrum, how trum system, you can simply
about a case to carry all your unhinge the lid of the custom
c o m p u t i n g bits and pieces case and begin work. The top of
around t o w n in. the lid includes a number of
wallets for papers and books,
Aimed at the business user
with smaller compartments for
w i t h t h e t y p i c a l business-
pens, c a s s e t t e s , etc. Con-
person's case, the custom case
structed from ABS plastic, the
cases are certainly strongly built
Full to bursting!
and provide a very useful, if lux-
The Spectrum urious, addition to the family of
custom case from Spectrum peripherals.
Computet< Cases. The Spectrum custom case
cost £ 3 4 . 9 5 . For further details
contact Computex Cases, Stan-
hope Road, Camberley, Surrey
GU15 3PS.
33
JOIN ^
THE
USERS'
CLUB
Make the most of your Spectrum or 2X81 by
joining the country's strongest and most
enthusiastic users' club-the National ZX Users'
Stylish case fits neatly between ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ W
Club.
Z X 8 1 and Ram pack of 8K or more
2 5 6 * 192 pixels
When you join us, we'll send you our 'new members welcome Hi res display file independent of old display file
pack" with 30 programs (15 for the ZX81,15 for the Spectrum),
plus the first issue of our value-packed club magazine Very fast and powerful graphics commands as extensions
INTERFACE. ot Sinclair basic S L O W / FAST CLS C O P Y PRINT PLOT
all extended to hi res
Inside INTERFACE as well as at least six programs for your
ZX81 or Spectrum, you'll find letters from members as they 114 PLOT m o d e s including:
share tips and ideas, and sound off on a variety of subjects
(such as you-know-who's appalling delivery times record), a Points a n d various line t y p e s
list of local ZX clubs, and special offers from software houses T e x t u r e d triangle fill
and book publishers-special offers just for members. Absolute a n d relative c o - o r d i n a t e s
If you're having problems with your computer, w e have Line d r a w i n g to points off s c r e e n
experts on tap to try and help you. If you want to start a local
users' club, we'll give you publicity, and let you buy books at a M i x e d text a n d graphics including PRINT at graphics
special discount for your club members. cursor.
If you're not a club m e m b e r , you're missing out o n making the
most of your micro (and try saying that ten times quickly!) User d e f i n e d graphics for space invaders e t c
C o m e on in and join us, the water's fine. It's €9.50 for a year's
INTERFACE, and we'll send you a sample issue for £1.00 S c r e e n C O P Y to printer
Extensive manual excellent for school and home use and

Run by T i m Hartnell, the National ZX Users' Club is a resource
full guarantee
just waiting to be tapped. Come on and start tapping.
Arcade games available soon 1
National ZX Users' Club.
Dept. ZC
44-46 Earls Court Road,
r Post to - Notting Dale Technology Centre (Ltd)
T F L (ZX 81)
i
London. W 8 6EJ 189 Freston Road ^v
London W10 6TH (01-969 8942)
OK, Tim, you've convinced m e : Please send me board(s) « £32 00 each
i
+ £4 80 VAT plus 75p P&P
( > Send m e m y 'new members' welcome pack' plus m y first I enclose Cheque/P O for
issue of INTERFACE and keep those INTERFACES coming Or I wish to pay by Access'barclay Card/Visa
i
for the next year. I enclose £9.50 (UK), £12.50 (Europe)
Card Number
( ) Just send me a sample of INTERFACE. I enclose £1.00
Name and Address (PRINT)
I have I ) a ZX81 ( ) a Spectrum
i Name 4
Name Address
Address i
Credit card holder's signature
ZX COMPUTING APRILMAY 1983 34

{UOiySTEpS J N If E ^ L
J U S T T H R E E O F T H E AMAZING NEW M A C H I N E C O D E G A M E S F R O M SOFTEK
FOR T H E ZX S P E C T R U M
M<»?STEpS IfE^L Joust

U it w a s n ' t a c t u a l t y a n i g h t m a r e , t h e n it c e r t a i n l y
seemed like o n e . . , t r a p p e d in Hell with t h e all - I t s t a k e n America by s t o r m - now i t s a v a i l a b l e
consuming flames below me b e i n g c h a s e d by v a m p i r e for y o u r ZX S p e c t r u m ! In t h i s amazing new a r c a d e
m o n s t e r s t h r o u g h a mad m a t e of l a d d e r s a n d p l a t f o r m s . game you r i d e an o s t r i c h a n d J o u s t with t h e D a r k
But i h a d Holy Power on my s i d e , a n d a h a m m e r w h i c h Lords on t h e i r b u z z a r d s in a f a n t a s y land w h e r e
could magically c r e a t e h o l e s - t h e o n l y way t o kill a n y t h i n g c a n h a p p e n - » n d it u s u a l l y d o e s . You
t h e s e c r a z y m o n s t e r s s e e m e d t o b e to make t h e m fall c o n t r o l y o u r m o u n t s w i n g - f l a p a n d d i r e c t i o n of
to a lower l e v e l ! But j u s t t h e n , t h e Mad Monk s e n t f l i g h t in t h i s fast a n d f u r i o u s game of w i t s .
his Ghouls a f t e r m e . . . A n y ZX S p e c t r u m . Any ZX S p e c t r u m - Available v e r y s o o n !
MILLIPEDE Dragon's lair

Willi t h e Millipede seemed i n d e s t r u c t a b l e ; a s soon a s I
shot a p a r t of h e r , t h e r e s t of h e r j u s t k e p t on c o m i n g ! 1 t h o u g h t it would b e e a s y . . . e x p l o r e t h e D r a g o n ' s
But I was f a s t e r , s h e w o u l d n ' t g e l t o m e . . . j u s t t h e n L a i r , f i n d t h e l e g e n d a r y C r y s t a l of p o w e r a n d b e
Sid t h e S p i d e r a p p e a l e d c a u s i n g me t o s w e r v e a n d lose g o n e b e f o r e h e k n e w of what w a s h a p p e n i n g . More
my aim. And w h a t ' s t h i s ! ? ? S c o r p i t h e S c o r p i o n d i v e fool I , f o r h e w a s t h e r e all r i g h t w a i t i n g f o r m e ,
bombing, me with h e r i n d e s t r u c t a b l e f l e a s w h i c h l e a v e a n d t h a t imp which followed me e v e r y w h e r e with
more of t h o s e b l a s t e d m u s h r o o m s t o spoil my aim! no o t h e r s e e m i n g p u r p o s e t h a n t o s t e a l my c o m p a s s
Quite t h e most d e l e c t a b l e v e r s i o n of t h e a r c a d e f a v o u r i t e w i t h o u t w h i c h I w a s well a n d t r u e l y l o s t !
for a n y ZX S p e c t r u m . T h e u l t i m a t e M a z e - A d v e n t u r e game f o r t h e 48K S p c c t r u m
COSMIC SWARM
OK, I a c c e p t t h a t I'm t o blame, I w a s w a r n e d a g a i n s t T h e y s w o o p , t h e y d i v e , t h e y t u r n f i g u r e s of e i g h t ,
e n t e r i n g t h e P r o x ima C e n i a u r i S c c t o r w i t h o u t a n e s c o r t . T h e most a m a z i n g H i - R e s s h o o t - e m - u p a r c a d e t y p e
And now I'm in t h e midst of a s w a r m of alien e g g - l i k e game t o come o u t in a g e s ! C a n y o u s u r v i v e ? A n y
forms, collision s e e m i n g imminent I f i r e , t h e y b r e a k o p e n ZX S p e c t r u m .
revealling s t r a n g e alien t y p e s w h i c h f l y wildly a r o u n d .
1 fire again a s if my life d e p e n d e d u p o n it - t h e n t w o
of t h e forms f u s e i n t o a s i n g l e m u t a n t w h i c h c h a s e s m e !
One of t h e most o r i g i n a l s h o o t - e m - u p s p a c c g a m e s to
a p p e a r . Any ZX S p e c t r u m . We're not o n l y f a m o u s f o r o u r g a m e s . . . Write
f o r Details of S o f s y s . c o n s i s t i n g of a U s e r D e f i n a b l e
Key p r o g r a m , o u r Sofcom C o m p i l e r , o u r Sofmon
ALL GAMES £ 5 . 9 5 Disassembler, o u r Sofsem Assembler a n d o u r u n i q u e
SOTTEK.
S o f k i t s 1 4 2 u t i l i t y a n d g r a p h i c s k i t s . You'll b e
amazed, t h e y a r c inovative a n d easily t h e best available!
3 8 9 CROXTED ROAD LONDON

SOFTWARE

Z X 8 1 CAME
Round up your sheep with this

trial
program for your 16K ZX81 from
Guy Morgan of Mid-Glamorgan.
The object of this game is to wandering out of the pen as table direction. the game, neither the dog or
round up a number of sheep in others are being rounded up. The dog is allowed three sheep are allowed to jump the
the shortest possible time. You You move the sheep by plac- moves between sheep moves; fence or wall of the pen.
are given the choice of how ing the dog near to the sheep this can be increased if required
many sheep (between one and using the cursor keys, so that it by changing line 7 1 0 . The game It's a dog's life
six) you would like to round up; will move directly away from the ends when the dog has rounded The dog and sheep are POKEd
one sheep is fairly easy, but if dog. However, if you move too up the sheep and is standing onto the screen and the previous
you choose to round up six close to the sheep, you may find guard at the gate of the pen and positions of the characters are
sheep you will find it very time that the sheep will panic and are the dog's three moves have blanked by POKEing with zero.
c o n s u m i n g as t h e y k e e p liable to move in an unpredic- been completed. At any stage of The POKE numbers are calcu-
36 ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983
L
ZX81 CAME
lated as offsets using the ordinates, so routines to convert placed at the beginning of the in lines 7 0 7 to 7 0 9 and updated
number held in the system to these are included; they are program for the same reason. by the subroutine at line 2 0 1 0 ,
variable D-FILE as a base point. located at the beginning of the The positions of the sheep in makes use of the FRAMES
The checks on the relation- program to speed up the opera- terms of the POKE offsets are system variable. Lines 9 0 0 0
ship between sheep and dog are tion. The routine to generate held in the array, S(NS). and 9 0 1 0 are the usual ZX81
made in terms of x and y co- random sheep moves is also The timer, which is initialised self RUN routine.
1 REM * irtSHEEPDOG T R I P L * i # 6 10
<3 R E M *3 0 POKE UD+U,o
10 PRINT RT 0 ^ 1 0 ; " S H E E P D O G T R I 40 LET DeUD
SL" 00 REM * * *STRRT * * *
20 PRINT RT 2 , 0 , " Y O U HRY CHOOS 07 LET S=Q
£ HOU MANY S H E E P T P " ; " R O U N D UP. OS POKE 1 6 4 3 6 . 2 5 5
NO M O R E T H R N 6 . I F " , " Y O U GET TOO 0Q POKE 1 6 4 3 7 , 2 5 5
CLOSE TO R S H E E P IT "WILL PAN 10 FOR N = 1 T O 3
I C RND I F Y O U R R E T O O " , " F A R RURY 15 LET D1=D
oHEEP U I L L UflNDER RT "."RRNDOM. 20 INKEY
tl It
T H E N GOTO £0
tft-W
II II
SO INKEY ' THEN LET D =D +
55 P R I N T "MOUE DOG L I I T H T H E CU
RSOR KEYS. .."TO USE R TURN IJITHO '4-0 IF I N K E Y $ ="5" ' THEN LET D=D -
UT MOVING" "THE DOG P R E S S RNY OT
HER K E Y . " 750 INKEY $ = • THEN LET D=D +
30 PRINT RT 13,13: "PRESS RNY KE 33 3
V TO PLRY." 760 INKEY * ="7* ' THEN LET D =D -
40 IF INKEY $ —" T H E N GOTO 40 33
50 CLS 7 70 IF PEEK ( U + D J o ® THEN LET D
9 0 GOTO 300 = D1
1 0 0 REM * * * C O N U . TO CO-ORDS*** 750 POKE U+D1.0
110 LET YS = I N T (Z/3'3) + 1 790 POKE U+D.S
1 2 0 L E T X.S= ( Z - ( Y S - 1 > * 3 3 ) 800 NEXT N
130 RETURN 810 REM ***MOUE SHEEP***
1 4 0 REM * * * D O G CO-ORDS*** 815 GOSUB 140
150 LET Y D = I N T fD y33> + 1 R20 FOR N = 1 T O NS
160 LET X D = ( D - ( Y D — 1 > *33.v 830 LET Z = INT (SIN) )
170 RETURN 335 GOSUB 1O0
I S O REM * * * R R N D O M MOUE*** 84.0 IF RBS ( X S - X D > .>3 O R H B S (YS
190 LET X S = X S + 1 - I N T (RND*3) -v'D) ; 3 T H E N GOTO 1S0
2 0 0 L E T Y S =Y S + 1 — I N T (RND*3) 64.3 IF RBS ( X S - X D . l <2 R N D R B S <Y
£ 1 0 GOTO 865 S - Y D ) <2 T H E N GOTO 18C
2 2 0 REM * * * C O N U . TO POKE N O . * * * 845 IF XS)XD THEN LET XS=XS+1
230 LET US =XS + 3 3 * l'YS-1) 850 IF XS < XD T H E N L E T X5 = X S - 1
240 RETURN 655 IF YS:YD THEN LET YS=YS+1
3 0 0 REM * * * N G . OF S H E E P * * * 860 IF Y S ( Y D THEN LET YS=YS-1
310 PRINT "HOU MRNY S H E E P DO YD 865 GOSUB 220
U URNT " . " T O ROUND UP?" 870 IF PEEK (U+US) <>0 THEN GOTO
315 INPUT NS 900
320 I F N S > 0 RND N S < 7 T H E N GOTO 875 POKE U + S ( N ) .0
340 880 POKE U+US.20
325 PRINT "SORRY, MORE T H R N 0 885 LET S ( N ) = US
RND L E S S " HRN 7" 900 NEXT N
3 3 0 GOTO 315 910 REM * * * R L L I N PEN7 * * *
340 PRINT . . N S ; " I S OKRY 915 LET P=0
3 4 5 FOR N = i TO 10O 920 FOR N = 3 4 5 TO 34-7
346 NEXT N 925 IF PEEK (U+NA=20 THEN LET P
350 CLS =P + 1
3 5 5 REM * * * I N X T I R L I Z E * * * 930 IF PEEK (U+N+33)=20 THEN LE
3&0 D I M SCNS> T P=P+ 1
4 1 0 REM * * * P E N * * * 935 IF P = N S T H E N GOTO 1030
420 PRINT RT 9 . 1 3 ; " ! 940 NEXT N
430 PRINT RT 1 0 , 1 3 ; 94-3 GOSUB 2010
440 PRINT RT 1 1 , 1 3 ; 94-5 GOTO 71©
450 PRINT
4-60 REM
RT 1 2 , 1 3 ;
* * * F E N C E * * *
l _ l 1000
1010
REM * * * E N D OF GRME * * *
GOSUB 2010
4 7 0 FOR N = 0 T O 31 1022 GOTO 1040
4S0 PRINT R T 0 , N . R T 2 1 , N. 1025 REM ***DOG IN GRTE ? * * *
It •
1030 IF PEEK ( U + 3 1 3 ) = 8 THEN GOTO
490 NEXT N 1000
50O FOR N = 0 T O 2 1 1035 GOTO 710
510 RT N,31. 104.0 LET T M a I N T ( 5 / 6 0 )
PRINT RT N . 0 . 1045
1050 L E T T S = I N T (S-TM+60)
520 NEXT N PRINT RT 1 8 , 1 ; N S ; " SHEEP I N
530 REM * * ^ G E N E R A T E SHEEP*** " : TM; " MIN";
log or
535
5397
LET U=PEEK 1639S+256*PEEK 1 1055 I F TM < >1 THEM PRINT s";
1060 PRINT RT I S , I S ; " RND TS; "
ip the 540
550
FOR N = 1 T O
LET US = I N T
NS
(RND*7£4.,1
sees
1070 STOP
560 I F PEEK (U+LISJ<>0 THEN GOTO 2010 LET S=5+ (256* l 255-PEEK 1643
550 7.i + P E E K 1 6 4 3 6 ) / S O
'OKEd
570
5S0
POKE
LET
U+US.20
S(N)=US
2020 POKE 16437., 25 5
ivious 2030 POKE 1 6 4 3 6 . 2 5 5
590 NEXT N 2040 RETURN
rs are 6O0 REM * * * P L R C E DOG*** ^000 SRUE "5HEEPDO B"
i zero, 610 LET UD = I N T (RND*724) 9010 GOTO 1
calcu- 620 I F PEEK JUD+U) <>0 THEN GOTO
"1983 ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 37

Sinclair ZX Spect
16Kor 48K RAM...
full-size moving-
key keyboard...
colour and sound...
high-resolution
graphics...
From only
£125!First, there was the world-beating
Sinclair ZX80. The first personal computer
for under £100.
Then, the ZX81. With up to 16K RAM Ready to use today,
available, and the ZX Printer. Giving more
easy to expand tomorrow Key features of the
power and more flexibility. Together,
they've sold over 500,000 so far, to make Your ZX Spectrum comes with a mains
Sinclair ZX Spectrum
Sinclair world leaders in personal adaptor and all the necessary leads to * Full colour - 8 colours each for
computing. And the ZX81 remains the connect to most cassette recorders foreground, background and border
ideal low-cost introduction to computing. and TVs (colour or black and white). plus flashing and brightness-intensih
Now there's the ZX Spectrum! With Employing Sinclair BASIC (now used control. jrr
up to 48K of RAM. A full-size moving-key in over 500,000 computers worldwide) • Sound - BEEP command with variabilis
keyboard. Vivid colour and sound. High- the ZX Spectrum comes complete with pitch and duration. |C
resolution graphics. And a low price that's two manuals which together represent a
unrivalled. detailed course in BASIC programming • Massive RAM-16Kor48K
ia
Whether you're a beginner or a competent • Full-size moving-key keyboard - all o i
Professional power- programmer, you'll find them both of im- keys at normal typewriter pitch, with =c
personal computer price! mense help. Depending on your computer repeat facility on each key. ;p<
The ZX Spectrum incorporates all
the proven features of the ZX81. But its
new 16K BASIC ROM dramatically
experience, you'll quickly be moving
into the colourful world of ZX Spectrum
professional-level computing.
There's no need to stop there. The
• High-resolution-256 dots
horizontally x 192 vertically, each
individually addressable for true high-
i)
increases your computing power ZX Printer-available n o w - is fully resolution graphics. Un
You have access to a range of 8 compatible with the ZX Spectrum. And • ASCII character set - with upper- and
colours forforeground, background and later this year there will be Microdrives for lower-case characters.
border, together with a sound generator massive amounts of extra on-line storage, :oi
and high-resolution graphics. plus an RS232 /network interface board. • Teletext-compatible - user software : 0 i
You have the facility to support can generate 40 characters per line j r j
separate data files or other settings.
You have a choice of storage capa- • High speed LOAD & SAVE -16K in 100™
cities (governed by the amount of RAM). seconds via cassette, with VERIFY & P*
16K of RAM (which you can uprate later MERGE for programs and separate
to 48K of RAM) or a massive 48K of RAM. data files
Yet the price of the Spectrum 16K
is an amazing £125! Even the popular
48K version costs only £175!
> Sinclair 16K extended BASIC-
incorporating unique 'one-touch'
E
You may decide to begin with the keyword entry, syntax check, and
16K version. If so. you can still return it later report codes. a
for an upgrade. The cost? Around £60. _Te
The ZX Printer- The ZX Microdrive -
available now coming soon
Designed exclusively for use with the The new Microdrives, designed
Sinclair ZX range of computers, the especially for theZX Spectrum, are set to
printer offers ZX Spectrum owners the full change the face of personal computing
ASCII character set - including lower-case by providing mass on-line storage
characters and high-resolution graphics. Each Microdrive can hold up to 100K
A special feature is COPY which bytes using a single interchangeable
prints out exactly what is on the whole TV storage medium
idi a l - ^ M t m i t e & ^ I M f oi
ters per second, with 32 characters 3.5 seconds. And you'll be able to connect
per line and 9 tines per vertical inch. up to 8 Microdrives to your Spectrum via
The ZX Printer connects to the rear of theZX Expansion Module.
your ZX Spectrum A roll of paper (65ft A remarkable breakthrough at a
long and 4in wide) is supplied, along with remarkable price The Microdrives will be
full instructions. Further supplies of paper available in the early part of 1983 for
are available in packs of five rolls. around £50.
How to order your ZX Spectrum

BY PHONE-Access, Barclaycardor Access or Trustcard.
'X Spectrum software on Trustcard holders can call 01-200 0200 for EITHER WAY- please allow up to 28
personal attention 24 hours a day, every days for delivery. And there's a 14-day
m issettes-available now day. BY FREEPOST-use the no-stamp money-back option, of course. We want
needed coupon below. You can pay by you to be satisfied beyond doubt-and we
>r The Spectrum software library is
cheque, postal order, Barclaycard, have no doubt that you will be
border, growing every day. Subjects include
ntensity
games, education, and business/
household management. Flight
To: Sinclair Research, FREEPOST, Camberley, Surrey, GU15 3BR, Order
Simulation...Chess. Planetoids...
variable History ..Inventions...VU-CALC . VU-3D Qty Item Code Item Price Total
. Club Record Controller... there is £ £
something for everyone. And they all
Sinclair ZX Spectrum -16K RAM version 100 125.00
make full use of the Spectrum's colour,
d - all sound, and graphics capabilities You'll Sinclair ZX Spectrum-48K RAM version 101 175.00
h, w i t h receive a detailed catalogue with your Sinclair ZX Printer 27 59.95
Spectrum Printer paper (pack of 5 rolls) 16 11.95
Postage and packing: orders under £100 28 2.95
ich ZX Expansion Module orders over £100 29 4.95
This module incorporates the three Total £
ue h i g h - functions of Microdrive controller, local Please tick if you require a VAT receipt
area network, and RS232 interface. *l enclose a cheque/postal order payable to Sinclair Research Ltd for £
er-and Connect it to your Spectrum and you can
•Please charge to my Access/Barclaycard/Trustcard account no.
control up to eight Microdrives,
tware communicate with other computers, and "Please delete/complete
I
irline drive a wide range of printers. as applicable
The potential is enormous, and the
< in 100 module will be available in the early part PLEASE PRINT
*IFY& of 1983 for around £30
Name: Mr/Mrs/Miss I i I i i i i i i i i i i
irate
Address i | | | i i i i i i i i
iindaii-
I i I i i
I I I I I I I I I i l i i i i i i i i i i i
ch' I I I I I I I I I i i i ZXC90J |
i I l I i
ind Sinclair Research Ltd, Stanhope Road,
Camberley, Surrey GU15 3PS.
l:
F R E E P O S T - n o s t a m p needed. P r i c e s a p p l y t o U K only. Export prices on application
Tel: Cambertey (0276) 685311.
MACHINE CODE
Machine
code
tutor
This program is aimed at those
who, like myself, get tired of
writing out strings of 1 s and Os
in order to work out the effect
of certain machine code in-
structions. The program is
menu driven and covers 2 5 in-
structions. These are:
ADC A,X CPL RRC A

ADD A,X DAA SLA A
SBC A,X RLA SRA A
AUB A,X RRA SRL A
AND X RLCA NEG
OR X RRCA RLD
XOR X RL A RRD
DEC A RR A
INC A RLC A
Inputs can be made in binary,

decimal and Hex; outputs are
expressed in the same way.
The program shows all flags
(some instructions do not af
feet certain flags, hence the in-
clusion of both RRCA and RRC
A, etc). The results of the last
instruction may be carried for-
ward to the next instruction,
and the flags register is saved
and restored between instruc-
tions allowing the sequence of
instructions to be 'executed'.
Using it
Once you have the machine
code tutor (MCT) program up
and running, the menu is
printed on the screen. Then,
enter the letter corresponding
to the instruction you would
like to see. When the next pro-
mpt, A = , appears, enter any
number between O and 2 5 5 .
The same applies for the pro-
mpts, X = and <HU = .
For binary and Hex inputs,
the input strings should start
with a B' or an 'H' respectively
followed by at least t w o digits
(see Appendix A of the Sinclair
manual for a list of the legal Hex
numbers). Binary numbers may
be any combination of 1s and
Os; it should be noted that only
the first eight digits of these will
be used by the program, ie B01
will equate to OOOOOOOI and
B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 will equate to
00000000.
The flags used in the pro-
gram are as follows:
40 ZX COMPUTING APRIUMAY 1983

MACHINE CODE
S - Sign. LD HL, (VARS)
16532 2A1040
z — Zero.
— - Not used.
3E47 LD A, 71d (71 = B$)
H — Half carry.
EDB1 CPIR Look for B$
P — Parity/overflow RET PO if not found
EO
N — Subtract. LD A, (HL) get length of string
7E
C — Carry. CP08
FE08
To get t h e p r o g r a m running, 3802 JR C + 2
simply enter and RUN the 3E08 LD A , 0 8 IF LEN B$ > 8, ignore B$(9 TO)
loader program. Then, delete 47 LD B.A
lines 10-130 {high numbers 5F LD E, A
first) and enter line 10 of MCT. 23 INC HL
In line 10 is not listed in Com- 23 INC HL Move to start of string
mand mode, try the following: E5 PUSH HL Save it
7E LOOP LD A, (HL)
LIST 10 D61C SUB 2 8 d Strip ZX " 0 " (try PRINT B$
POKE 1 6 4 1 9 . 1 0 77 LD (HL),A after binary input)
23 INC HL
and then CONTINUE. 10F9 DJNZ LOOP From 1 st eight (or less) CHR$
The variables used in the E1 POP HL Get start of string
programs are: 43 LD B,E 1st eight CHR$ of B$ are now
05 DEC 8 CHR$ 0 or CHR$ 1
A$ - Input (and decimal 7E LD A,(HL)
output) string. 17 LOOP 2 RLA 4 Move these 'bits' into
8S - Is equal to A$ (2 TO) if 23 INC HL a register
A$ is binary. 86 ADD A,(HL)
C$ - Hex codes of machine 10FB DJNZ LOOP 2
code instructions. 4F LD C.A (B = 0)
- Hex codes of second C9 RET
byte of t w o byte
instructions. The machine code listing for binary to decimal.
1$ - Mnemonic for C$
and/or E$.
OS - Hex output string.
Z$ * TR$ of the last output 16570 217C40 LD HL, 1 6 5 0 8
A - VAL A$. 4E LD C,(HL) Get flags from last result
OF - Start of the display file. C5 PUSH BC and
L - Menu number (code F1 POP AF put them in the flags register
A$ - 37) of the current 2B DEC HL ( 1 6 5 0 7 = " (HL)" I
instruction. 3E00 LD A , 0 0 — 16578
W - Pointer (to find 1$ in 00 NOP 1 6579
the display file). 00 NOP 1 6580
F5 PUSH AF
Here is a list of addresses which C1 POP BC
can be PEEKed. INC HL
23
PEEK 16507 - IHL). 71 LD (HLI,C Save flags for next time
PEEK 16508 - Flags 48 LD C,B
register. 0600 LD B,00
PEEK -16579 — First byte of C9 RET
a machine code •
instruction. The machine code listing for instruction.

PEEK 16580 — Second byte
of a machine
code instruction 16589 21D840 LD HL, 1 6 6 0 0 Start of B$ in loader program
(or second 7E LOOP LD A,(HL) Get character
operand — FEFF CP FF If "COPY"
X,(HL)). C8 RETZ then return
PEEK 16578 - D7 RST10 else PRINT CHR$
Accumulator. 23 INC HL
PEEK 16515 — VAL A$ 18F8 JR LOOP
(decimal to 16600 INSTRUCTIONS ARE
binary).
Here is a list of the entry points The machine code listing for print.
to the various routines:
USR 16514 - Decimal to
binary. Lines 1 9 0 - 2 0 0 Binary input. 1 REM 31 7 CHR$,PEEK 1 6 8 3 0 = CODE OF LAST CHR$
USR16532 — Binary to Lines 3 0 0 - 4 3 0 Print menu - 10 LET X = 1 6 5 1 4
decimal. input choice. 20 LET A$ = " 1 E00 0 6 0 8 CB1 3 3 8 0 4 3EIC 1 8 0 2 3E1D
USR 16570 — Carry out Lines 3 8 0 - 4 0 0 Get D7 10F3 C9 2 A 1 0 4 0 3E47 EDB1 E07E FE08 3 8 0 2
instruction. mnemonic. 3E08 4 7 5 F 2 3 2 3 E5 7E D61C 77 2 3 10F9 El 4 3 0 5
USR16589 — Print menu, Lines 4 8 0 - 6 6 0 Input 7E 17 2 3 86 10FB 4F C 9 "
And finally. here is a break- operands and 30 LET A$ = A$ + " 2 1 7 C 4 0 4E C5 F1 2B 3E00 0 0
er down of the MCT program, print them. 0 0 F 5 CT 2 3 71 4 8 0 6 0 0 C9 2 1 D 8 4 0 7E FEFF C8 D7
Lines 100-290 Input Carry out 23 1 8 F 8 "
subroutine. instructions 33 REM LEN A$ = 172
Lines 110-150 Idiot proofing. and prints the 40 FOR F = 1 to LEN A$-1 STEP 2
Line 170 Hex input. result. 50 POKE X, 1 6 * CODE A$(F) + CODE A $ ( F + 1) - 4 7 6

I
MACHINE CODE
120 IF A $ = " S " THEN LET A$ = Z$
1 3 0 IF A$ < " A " AND AS (LEN AS) < " A " THEN GOTO
1 0 0 + 1 2 0 * (VAL A$ < 2 5 6 }
1 4 0 IF AS (1) < > " H " AND A${1) < > " B " THEN GOTC
100
150 IF LEN A$ < 3 OR AS (1 + (LEN AS > 21) > " F " OR
A$ {LEN A $ I > " F " THEN GOTO 100
160 IF AS < " H " THEN GOTO 1 9 0
170 LET A = 16 * CODE AS (2) + CODE AS (3) - 4 7 6
180 GOTO 2 3 0
190 LET BS = AS (2 TO)
200 LET A USR 1 6 5 3 2
210 GO TO 2 3 0
220 LET A = VAL AS
230 LET AS = STRSA
240 LET QS = CHRS (INT(A/1 6) + 28) + CHRS (A 16 *
INT (A/16) + 28) + " ( H ] "
250 LET AS - " 0 0 " (TO (A < 10) + (A < 100)) + AS
260 POKE 1 6 5 1 5 . A
270 RAND USR 1 6 5 1 4
280 PRINT " = * ; AS; " = " ; QS
290 RETURN
300 LET OF - PEEK 1 6 3 9 6 + 2 5 6 * PEEK 1 6 3 9 7
310 LET ES - " 1 7 IF 0 7 OF 27 2F 3F 4 4 6F 6 7 "
320 RAND USR 1 6 5 8 9
325 PRINT,, " ENTER A - Y"
330 INPUT AS
340 IF AS < " A " OR AS > " Y " THEN GOTO 3 3 0
350 LET L = CODE AS 37
360 LET W = 1 + L - 1 3 » (AS " M' )
370 LET D F = DF + 3 + 3 3 * W 10 * (AS > " M " l
380 FOR F = 1 TO LEN IS
390 LET IS = CHRS PEEK (DF + F - 11
400 NEXT F
410 LET W = L * 2 - 1
420 IF AS > 'O" THEN LET ES = ES (W 3 0 TO W -
29)
430 CLS
440 PRINT IS; " , X " (TO 2 * (AS < "E")>; " = " CS (W
TO W + 1); ES (TO 2 * (AS > " 0 " ) ) ; " [H] "
It can take the genius of Pythagorus, and the patience of Job, to 450 POKE 1 6 5 7 9 , 16 * CODE CS(W) + CODE CS (W +
succeed with machine code 1) - 4 7 6
460 POKE 1 6 5 8 0 , (16 * CODE ES + CODE ES (2) - 476)
* (AS > " O " )
470 PRINT AT 1 5, 0 ; " TO USE LAST RESULT ENTER S " . "
START BINARY WITH B HEX WITH H"
480 PRINT AT 4, 2; " A = " ;
60 LET X = X + 1 490 GOSUB 1 0 0
70 NEXT F 500 POKE 1 6 5 7 8 , A
80 LET B S = "INSTRUCTIONS ARE: * * A)ADC A,X 510 IF L > 7 THEN GOTO 5 5 0
N)RLCA * B) ADD A,X OIRRCA * C) SBC 520 PRINT " X =
A,X P)RL A * Dl SUB A,X Q)RR A * E) 530 GOSUB100
AND X R1RLC A * F) OR X S) 540 POKE 1 6 5 8 0 , A
RRC A * G) XOR X T) SLA A * H) DEC 550 IF L < 2 4 THEN GOTO 5 9 0
A U) SRA A * I) INC A V) 560 PRINT " (HL) = " ;
SRL A * J) CPL W) NEG » K) DAA 570 GOSUB100
X) RLD * L) RLA Y) RRD * M l 580 POKE 1 6 5 0 7 , A
RRA COPY" 590 LET A = USR 1 6 5 7 0
88 REM LEN B$ = 2 3 1 600 PRINT AT 7, 0; A =";
90 FOR F = 1 TO LEN B$ 610 GOSUB 2 3 0
100 POKE X. CODE B$ (F) 620 LET Z $ = AS
110 IF B$ (F) = " * " THEN POKE X, 11 8 630 IF L 24 THEN GOTO 6 6 5
120 LET X = X + 1 640 LET A = PEEK 1 6 5 0 7
130 NEXT F 650 PRINT " (HL) = " ;
660 GOSUB 2 3 0
665 PRINT,, "FLAGS SZ - H - PNC"
Machine code loader program
670 PRINT "
675 POKE 1 6 5 1 5 , PEEK 1 6 5 0 8
00 REM DO NOT CHANGE PRINT STATEMENTS: 680 RAND USR 1 6 5 1 4
280/480/520/560 685 IF PEEK 1 6 5 0 8 > 1 2 8 THEN PRINT " (A = " ; V A L
10 DIM I$(5) Z$ - 2 5 6 ; " I "
20 LET Z$ = " 0 " 690 PRINT AT 1 9 , 0 ; " ANY KEY TO CONTINUE", " € TO
30 LET CS = "CE C6 DE D6 E6 F6 EE 3D 3C 2F 27 17 IF STOP"
0 7 OF CB CB CB CB CB CB CB ED ED ED" 695 IF INKEYS = " " THEN GOTO 6 9 5
35 POKE 1 6 5 0 8 . 0 700 CLS
40 GO TO 3 0 0 705 GOTO 3 0 0
1 0 0 INPUT A$
1 1 0 IF AS < " 0 " THEN GOTO 1 0 0 Machine code tutor IMCT) program.
42 ZX COMPUTING APRIL MAY 1983

I
I
48K SPECTRUM
Ship of the Line

48K version features the chance to send out boarding panes, to build up
prize money, to take intelligence tests and to bribe your way up tie
admiralty ladderi This greatly extended version of Ship of me Line really
makes the most of your extra memory £6.50
16K z x a i
Bargain Bytes Cassette One
Deep Sea Adventure * Bank Account * Underground Adventure'
Depthcharge * Hangman * Loan Calculator * Codetxeaker * Foreign
48K SPECTRUM
Currency Calculator A genu.ne barqam'
Super Eight interesting programs for just £5.00
Spy 16K z x a i
An exciting espionage adventure
in which you follow the villain's trail
Bargain Bytes Cassette Two
through complex puzzles, coded messages Stock Market Game * Seafaring Adventure * Jackpot * O X O ' Financial
and 3 - 0 mazes With different solutions every Model * Ski Run * General Knowledge Quiz * Copycat
game Super Spy will keep you entertained for Too many programs to desribe for only £5.00
weeks' Full save' routine £6.50 Ideal as a ZX8I Starter Packi
48K SPECTRUM
48K SPECTRUM Multl Function Cash Controller
Everest Ascent If you want to make your machine work for you, this is an ideal
program
Stake your claim to the Top of the World in this gripping vertical adventure Cash Controller has four basic functions; it keeps your Bank Account in
m wnich you aim to conquer the 29.141' summit of the world's highest order, it looks after your Home Budgeting, it calculates loan interest
peak and repayments, and finally it checks your mortgage for you In
Struggle from base camp to base camp in defiance of all the obstacles addition, it only lets you into the program by means of your own secret
which man and nature can throw at you' Survive intense cold as you password which you personally choose Once you've allocated
watch out for avalanches, thin ice and. of course, abominable snowmen I budget headings, any transactions you put through the Bank
Cope with wayward Sherpas and cross bottomless crevasses but Account will automatically be taken into account on your
remember to warch your oxygen supply IA game of skill, cunning, bravery budgets
and daring for those with a head for heights' £6.50. Usrng a Sinclair printer, hard copy statements can be
produced running from any date to any date, much
more versatile than your regular bank statement' This
48 K SPECTRUM program has been carefully crash-proofed to
Transylvanian Tower prevent a minor error from scrambling the existing
data, and comes with clear on-screen
A spine-chilling adventure with spectacular 3-D graphics instructions plus full printed notes to help you
Can you rid the world of Count Dracula before he on your way. Finally, it holds up to 200 bank
introduces you to the dark world of the living dead? Horror transactions and fills up most of the
film addicts will know most of rhe moves, but we've also memory of your 48K Spectrum £10.00
added a few of our own I Can you discover the mystery of
the turret and escape with its treasures?
Enter via the dungeons and work your way up to the ter-
nfying topi Find objects to nelp you whilst exploring the Despatch within 48 Hours
S00 rooms - all «n exciting 3-D detail - but watch out for the Guaranteed.
bats All tapes despatched by
Give your Spectrum a bite of the action nowi First Class Post.
includes full save routine for use during the daylight
hours! £6.50
Now available from selected branches of

W.H Smith & Son Lid
16K SPECTRUM
Ship of the Line
An Adventurous Management Game
Command a 17th Century sailing snip win victories for Britain
juggle your supplies, manpower and ammunition .
re •••'essly battle your way up the ranks and finally achieve
promotion to First Sea Lord, but beware it won't be easyl
Encounter and engage enemy fleets survive sunstroke, v /
fever and famine endure fire, fog and thirst then
when you think you've done well rush back to Port >. J" v" o «
for promotion" With full colour, ship graphics and
sound £4.95
For credit card orders

please ring 0628 21107
' A* / / / / &
^ Jr ' / •

m*m
SPECTRUM GAME
-
i
i
j
m
Get on the road to Wembley

with this football simulation
written by GL Maynard.
This program was written to whole program has been enter- and their respective classes. line 2 4 5 admits these 4 4 teams
provide as realistic a simulation ed into the computer by typing When the game has been to round three.
as possible of football's biggest RUN 8 0 0 0 . Lines 8 0 0 0 to successfully LOADed, the pro- Lines 4 5 0 to 5 1 0 make sure
annual spectacle. 91 4 0 comprise the team input gram will stop to allow the user that the results of the games
The 1 2 4 teams entering the routine; the user is asked to IN- to type RAND, followed by reflect the classes of the teams.
competition are allotted classes PUT the team names, followed GOTO 50. This ensures that the The draws for each round are
from one to six; one being for by the class of the team. It must same draws do not crop up made in lines 2 6 6 to 3 0 0 . Lines
Division One, t w o for Division be noted that the First Division again and again (which tends to 5 5 0 to 7 5 0 comprise the
Two, and so on; classes five and teams must be typed in first, happen if RAND is incorporated r o u t i n e w h i c h c h e c k s for
six are reserved for amateurs. followed by the Division T w o into the program). replays, and then plays them.
The 9 2 football league teams teams, and so on. Below is a list of the variables
are compulsory lot the competi- Once all the teams have been used in the program and a brief
tion, but the amateur teams may typed in, lines 8 0 0 0 to 9 1 4 0 Match of the day explanation of their function.
be chosen by the user. can be deleted and the program The rounds are drawn, displayed
SAVEd. For this, try typing in and played one by one. Lines a —Loop variable.
1 5 0 to 2 1 0 ensure that First a$ — A r r a y ; dimensioned
on the ball SAVE " f . a . c u p " LINE 4 0 ; this
will allow the program to RUN and Second Division teams are (1 24, 14) - Team names
The teams, together with their automatically without obliterat- excluded from the first t w o of up to 14 characters,
classes, can be typed in once the ing the names of all the teams rounds of the competition, while c — A r r a y ; dimensioned

1
SPECTRUM CAME
430 PRINT "ROUND ";R*
(124) — Team classes, r —The round number, 435 BEEP .2,4; BEEP . 1 5 , 1
one to six. s —The number of teams 440 REM S C O R E S 3T S C O R E PRINTOUT
Array; d i m e n s i o n e d in a round, r o u t i n e
(124) — If d is equal to u —Loop variable, 4 5 0 F O R 3 = 1 T O S —1 S T E P 2
zero then the team is out t —If the value of t is equal 455 BEEP . 1 . - 1 : BEEP . 1 , - 3
or excluded; if d is equal to to zero then there are no 460 INPUT INK 7; PRPER 2; FLRSH
one then the team is replays. I;"ENTER FOR N E X T RESULT"; LINE
through or admitted to the home —The possible magni- i $
next round; and if d is tude of the home team's 4-70 LET
equal to t w o then the score as read from the 475 DRTR - 5 , 9 . 1 , 1 . 6 , - 4 , 7 . 2 , 2 , 0 5
game must be replayed. , - 3 , 6 . 2 , 2 . 4 5 , - 2 , 4 . 7 , 3 . 1 . - 1 , A . 3 5 ,
DATA in line 4 7 5 . 3 . 4 . 35.4. 1,1.4,4.2", 2 , 3 . 5 , 4 .
- A r r a y ; dimensioned away —The possible magni- 4 , 3 , 3 . 2 , 5 . 0 5 . 4 . 3 . (35 , 5 . 2 , 5 . 2 , ( 3 S 7
(124) - Selected ran- tude of the away team's
domly in the draw. Also score as read from the D-30 RESTORE 475
allows the draw to be DATA in line 4 7 5 . 490 FDR U=1 TO 11 RERD DI FF,H O
made. fh <£ . a w a u
f - T h e away team score. When the program is in use, the IF d i F F=Di f THEN L E T E=INT
dif — The d i f f e r e n c e in player will have to wait for a few ( R N D JRHOHII) : L E T F=INT (RND *AWAY3
classes of the t w o teams seconds while the draw is made GO T O 580
playing. at the beginning of each round. 5 1 0 NEXT U
DIFF — The d i f f e r e n c e in Then, as the user presses Enter, 553 REM r e p l a y s
560 IF D(E(A))A8 THEN RETURN
classes as read from the a new score will be displayed on 600 PRINT A $ (E (A J I ";A$TE IA
DATA in line 4 7 5 . the screen. 1) > ; " "; F
6 1 0 I F E > F THEN LET DIE ( a ) > = 1
620 IF F >£ T H E N L E T D IS ( 3 + 1 J 3 = 1
630 I F E = F THEN LET DFE i A > 3 =2
10 REM F . R . CUP GRME 64-0 N E X T A
3 0 REM P R E L I M I N A R I E S 650 LET T =0
40 CLS ; P R I N T RT IB,©; T YPE R 660 FOR A =1 TO S - L STEP 2
FIND THEN G O T O 5 8 " ; STOP 670 IF d ( E l a ) ) = 2 THEN L E T T =T + 1
SO P O K E 2 3 6 0 9 . 6 0 : B O R D E R 4-: IN 680 NEXT 3
K 7: PRPER 3 : BRIGHT 0 690 IF T = 0 T H E N GO T O 850
150 REM E X C L U D E DIVS. 1-2 6 9 5 PRU3E 150
IS© CLS : FOR 3 = 1 TO 124 7O0 CLS
190 L E T D ( A ) = 0 713 PRINT "REPLAYS"
200 I F C ( 3 ) = 4 OR C ( A ) = 5 OR C (A 3 BEEP . 1 5 , - 2 . BEEP . 1 , 0
=6 T H E N L E T D SAI = 1 715 EEEP BEEP 3,1: BEEP
210 NEXT A . 15,2 . 4
2 1 5 REM » A I N YAI»E LOOP 7 2 0 FOR 3 = 1 TO S - L STEP 2
730 IF D ( E T A ) ) I > 2 T H E N GO T O 31
2 2 0 FOR R = 1 T O 8
221 BORDER INT (RND*O3: INK INT
74.0 IF d (T ( 3 3 3 = 2 THEN GO SUB 4-6
(RND*8) : PRPER 9
222 BEEP .1,3; BEEP .2.2: BEEP 0
750 I F D (E ( 3 ) ) = 2 T H E N PRINT
.2,1: BEEP . 2 , 0 F; " " : 3 $ ( E (A ) ) ; " " ; E BE
E(A +1)>
224 I F R = © T H E N P R I N T F L A S H I1' ; EP .05,3: BEEP . 1 . - 5 . 4 5
INK I N T ; PRPER S ; A T 17,(3 7 5 5 RI :M S E T f L 3 S AFTEI' WATCH
; " T h e fins L RFRAW js. ABOUT TO T>E 7 6 0 L I : T D ( T (A J ) = 0 : L E r 6 "it i d + ' i >
»3DS": GO T O 230 3 =0
225 P R I N T F L R S H 1; INK INT (RND 7S0 IF E > f T H E N L E T D (E (3 ) 3 = 1
*8J ; P R P E R 9 ; R T 1 7 , 0 ; " T H E DRAW F 790 IF f > e THEN LET D F A + 13 3 = I
OR ROUND " ; R ; " IS ABOUT TOBE »AD 600 IF f = E T H E N L E T D (E (3 3 3 =2
e" 8 1 3 NEXT A
230 IF R=L OR J-=2 THEN LET S =80 820 IF T < >0 T H E N P R U S E 100
/R 84-0 GO T O 650
235 IF J >2 THEN LET £=64V(2T(F- 342 PRLISE 150
3) ) 843 CLS
240 I F I < >3 T H E N GO TO 266 850 BEEP .1,2: BEEP 2 , -5 NEXT
242 REM 3 D « I t I S T & 2ND DIV TE r
ass
860FOR 3 = - 2 0 TO 3 0 ; BEEP .02,3
245 FOR A = L T O 4 4 ; LET D (AJ = 1 : NEXT A
NEXT A
260 8 7 0 FOR 3 = 3 3 TO -25 BEEP 015
R E M DI" 3NI 3: NEXT 3
266 FOR 3 = 1 T O S
270 LET E ( A ) = I N T IRNDS124)+1 333 INPUT FI.3SH 1; "ENTER FOR N E
280 I F D T E ( A > ) = 0 T H E N GO T O 2 7 0 » YAIAE"; LINE I$>; GO T O 40
2 9 0 L E T D FE F A .1 A = 0 7 9 O 0 R E M TEAIII A N D CLASS INPUT R O
360 NEXT 3
310 CLS S000 DIM A $ ( 1 2 4 , 1 4 3 ; DIM C ( 1 2 4 3
315 I F R=O T H E N P R I N T "FINAL DR DIM D ( 1 2 4 ) : D I M E (124-3
RU" ; GO T O 34-0 9 0 0 0 FOR A =1 TO 124
320 P R I N T "DRAW FOR ROUND "; R' 9070 CLS
3 3 0 REM P R I N T O U T OF DRAW 9060 PRINT RT 0 0,"TEAM ";A
350 FOR 3 = 1 T O S - L STEP 2 9090 INPUT AT 2 0;"NO MORE T H A N
390 P R I N T INK INT (RND*S); PAPE 14 CHARACTERS"; LINE A $(A)
R 9 910O CLS
A I ( E (A) ) ; " V " , A $ ( E ( A + I ) )
395 BEEP 0 5 . 2 . 4-S 9110 PRINT RT 0 0;"GIUE CLASS 1 -
400 NEXT A 6 " ; AT 2 , 0 ; " 1 - 2 D I U . 1 " ' ' ; " 3 : D
410 PRUSE 989 I• i V^ ./ 2* "»•' i l ' 4 : D I U . 3 " ' ' ; " 5 : DIM.4
420 CLS t O AMATEUR"
425 I F ;"=8 T H E N PRINT "F . A . CUR 9120 PRINT AT 16,7;3$(33
FINAL : RT TJEMBLEV"*' GO T O 4 9130 INPUT C (a 3
35 9 1 4 0 NEXT A
ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1 9 8 3 45
At Meitf
we realise the potest
M E M O P A K 1 6 K Fmbuse iiiM setting
our on the road 10realcimpuiing, this pack
transforms the ZX81 from a toy to a powerful
Computer. Data storage, extended programming
and complex displays become feasible.
For even greater capacity, memory packs can
he added together 16- 16K or 16»*2K
The MEMOPAK J2K and the MEMOPAK
64K offer large memories at evonomical prices.
MEMOPAK Centronics l/F

The BASIC commands LPRINT, LLIST and
COPY are used to print on any CENTRONICS
type pnniei. All ASCII characters ait generated
and translation takes place autoauikaDy within
16K: £29.90 I the Reverse capitals give lower case

Additional facilities allow high resolution printing
32K: £49.95 £39.90

incVAT
64K: £79.00
inclusive of VAT
It all adds up to an efficient,

modular computer system
T h e Memotech approach to microcomputing is to take to the Memopak 16K or even to the Sinclair 16K RAM pack.
the well-proven and popular ZX81 as the heart of a modular 2) T h e HRG firmware allows commonly used constructions
system. This small computer houses the powerful Z80A (such as scrolling, shading and labelling graphs), to be called
processing unit and acts as the central processor module by a few simple commands. 3) T h e Centronics I/F converts
through which the Memopaks operate. ZX81 character codes into ASCII and extends the print line to
Memotech has a reputation for professional quality, the width of the printer, still using the L L I S T , L P R I N T and
producing units which are designed to fit perfectly, to look COPY commands.
well-balanced, and to work efficiently and reliably. As one example, a system with 16K of memory and
The modular approach gives ZX81 owners the freedom to Memocalc is all that is required to perform the same
design the system they really need. Furthermore, the sophisticated numerical projections as a computer at 10 times
intercompatibility of the modules ensures that later additions the price. T h e problem may be as complicated as a cash flow
will click straight in, to give you a system that grows with your or production schedule, or as simple as household accounts or
ambitions and abilities. pocket money budgeting. If your bank manager wants to see a
T o ensure that your expectations are realised, care is taken cash flow, then a single print instruction to the Centronics LF
at every stage to design features into the system to anticipate will give a printout which is more than acceptable.
your needs. For example: T h e example system which is shown, on the other hand, I
1) Memories are cumulative e.g. 16K and 32K can be added would satisfy the needs of someone who wanted to enter data
How it all fits together Y o u can see from (he diagrams how various
M c m o t e c h Sinclair units can be combined.
• • M M M W M W e g — ' . " . I "MB"

n otech,
ii tial o f y o u r Z X 8 1
M E M O C A L C The screen display behaves
as i'w indow' on a large sheet of paper on
which a table of numbers is kud out. Tbe
rrjximmn sue ol the table is determined by ibe
memory capacity, and with a MEMOPAK WK
a table of up to "000 numbers with up lo 250
rows or 99 columns can be specified. Each
location in the table can be either a number
which is keyed in or a formula which generates
a number
£ 2 9 . 9 0 i n c VAT
M E M O P A K H R G rhis pack breaks

dow n the constraints imposed by operating at
the ZXftl character level and allow s high
definition displays to be generated. All 24S * 192
individual piiek can be controlkd using simple
commands, and the built in software enables
the user to work interactively al the dot. line,
character. Mock and page levels Scrolling.
Hashing and animation are all here.
MEMOTECH KEYBOARD
The Memotech plug-in Keyboard plus boiler
pac k takes the ritort out of data entry for ZX81
usen The Keyboard has a light professional
touch and is boused in an elegant aluminium
case. The simple plug-in system means that you
jack. are Dot obliged to open up your ZX81. use a
>ns soldering iron or invalidate sour /XSI
warranty.
lied £ 4 9 . 9 5 i n c VAT
rts
ne to
and
KEYBOARD BUFFER PAK

mes Tbe Buffer Pak performs a "housekeeping"
low function for the Keyboard, interfacing directly
,ts or with the port at the back of your 2X81.
see a
via a light-touch keyboard, construct and label graphs, and
:s I / F
then copy the screen to an 80-column printer. Only 16K. of To: Memotech Limited. Witney Ox on, O X 8 6 8 X
memory is shown here but with additional memory, more than Tel Witney 2 9 7 7 . Telex 8 3 3 7 2 Memtec G
ind, Please send me the following Memoiech products
one video page can be stored. Up to 7 pages can be displayed
lata Please add £2 00
in rapid succession to give animated displays. per item to cover
Looking forward, Memotech will continue to back the post and packing
ZX81 through 1983 with fast storage devices, pressure sensitive I enclose a cheque P O tor
electronic drawing boards and more software packs including a or please debit my Access^Bamaycard account number
Wordprocessor, an RS232 Interface and a Z80 Assembler.
Signature Date
MEMOTECH PRODUCTS ARE
AVAILABLE FROM MAJOR BRANCHES N a m e and Address
OF W.H.SMITH AND JOHN MENZIES

SOFTWARE REVIEW
The One by one

Selling a cassette with a book is
not completely new (though
very few people have done it) Music allows you to compose
learning
and it is a great asset to most and play your own tunes using
users, as the idea of typing long t h e s c r e e n as a piece of
programs in is often daunting manuscript paper. Positioning of
and mistakes can easily occur. the note is done by moving a
process
Quite surprisingly the so-called yellow cursor up and down the
'manual' could quite easily be stave. Other operations can also
sold on its own as a complete be done via the keyboard and are
book because of the compre- displayed on the screen. A cou-
hensive way in which' it is set ple of limitations are that no note
out. shorter than a quaver is allowed,
Here are a couple of impor- and there is only one length of
James Walsh studies the tant examples of just how rest, but apart from that it is
t h o r o u g h Microl have been great fun to use.
new software package when preparing this package. Sentences can only be describ-
Because many of the programs ed as a 'fun' program which
from Microl for your z x use data as part of the program, generates random sentences on
instructions have been given so the screen from an internal
Spectrum.
that you can expand upon these grammar and vocabulary.
if you have a 48K machine. Atlas draws three maps on the
Also, where i n f o r m a t i o n is screen: the British Isles, Europe
Within a matter of months of the with the manual attempts to im- stored in arrays, they have ar- and the World. Though this is
launch of the Spectrum the prove your programming skills ranged for the arrays to be auto- quite fun, they are far from ac-
market had been invaded by (if that is what you want to do}. matically dimensioned to suit curate.
books on BASIC programming, The Microl package is an ex- the memory size of the Spec- Star Atlas holds 26 constella-
written by everyone from soft- cellent way of introducing so- trum in use. tions on file, which you can
ware houses to large publishing meone to computers without
companies. It is not for me to necessarily baffling them with
comment disfavourably on the jargon. For each of the programs D I G I T A L PUFFBRLLS
content of these books, partly there are three sections in the
as I cannot profess to having manual:
read them all, and because there Nine digital p u f f b a l l s have
have been no signs that they are escaped from the bio-engineering
The instructions — which con- Laboratory. You must destroy
not doing their job. But what tain clear and precise directions the* as q u i c K l y as you can.
has, up until now, been forgot- for the use of the programs.
ten is that not everybody just The discussion — which takes Y o u c a n r u n t h e m o v e r if y o u h i t
wants to know how to write pro- you through the structure and t h e m in n u m e r i c a l o r d e r , A N D
grams on the Spectrum, and yet interesting points of the pro- w i thou t crossing your own
they would probably soon get gram, without actually trying to t r a c k s . T i m e is v e r y short!
bored with only playing games. teach you to be able to copy the
So this is what the Use And program line by line. Any jargon Be w a r e the electric fence...
Learn book and tape from Microl that is used is very carefully and
is trying to remedy. 5 = 4 - : 6 = 1 : 7 = t : 8=-*
c l e a r l y e x p l a i n e d . This is
The 2 5 BASIC programs in something that a lot of books fail Choose difficulty level M > M ) I I M >
that if you want to look more
Spectrum, and in conjunction closely at the program, you can.
I
9
> < « <44 «
6
i >
An explosive end to the game. Puff ball.
Though the programs on the either call up as you would do in

cassette are not world beating, a reference book, or it can
in that you would not expect to display an unnamed constella-
buy them individually, due to the tion for you to identify.
way in which they have been Convert converts numbers bet-
structured and the things that ween decimal, binary and hexi-
they do, they are not only in- decimal. This is a well-designed
teresting for a newcomer but and useful program though it
also likely to be re-used as time gets rather inaccurate when you
25 BASIC PROGRAMS goes on in conjunction with try to convert really enormous
W48K CASS6TTE SYSTEM other programs, and to aid pro- numbers.
grammers in other projects. To Clock shows the time on the
do justice to each individual pro- screen. Boring on its own, but
gram rather than the book as a could be integrated into another
w h o l e , I shall give a brief program and serves well as a
description of each one. demonstration.

SOFTWARE REVIEW
This is a random p i e chart U o r K bo y.
T h i s prooraffi a s s u m e £ t h a i y o u
are f a m i l i a r w i t h the concept
of u s e r - d e f i n e d g r a p h i c s (see
c h a p t e r i<v of t h e m a n u a l ) .
1 i tern n
i tern n 2 uork box draw* 3 -grid w h i c h y o u
3 i tern tt 3 use to design u o u r o w n f• u m b o L s
4- i tern n d-
5 i teat u 5 Q c u r s o r - \ - c a n be m o v e d
6 i ten 3 6 a r o u n d t h e g r i d . T o b l a c k in a
i tew it- t s q u a r e , p r e s s © ( w h i c h h a s the
8 i te» It 6 sror o BLACK a b o v e 3 . T o w h i t e n a
s q u a r e , p r e s s 7. To move the
cursor, use X (up), M (down), J
C l e f t ) , a n d K ( f i g h t ) , TO e n d
editing, press 5PRCE.
Press any keu when you are ready
1o s t a r t . . .
Th i s rando chart
tea a
•• •
• •
-50 O 30 •••
•• • •
Two random charts from the Graph Drawing Routines program.
Computer Terms Glossary h o l d s use in your o w n programs, and

the explanations for a range of w i t h the built-in timing routine
the most-used computer terms. you can compare their different
It is easy to use and particularly speeds. HO<JE: I=up M=down J = ( e f t K= r i g h t
useful to the newcomer. Binsesrch is a g o o d binary ED XT: 7=white 0 =blacK SPfiCE=end
Tapefile is a v e r y s i m p l e search routine.
Database-type of p r o g r a m Text Editor allows you to
which can be used to catalogue manipulate text on the screen
any kind of cassette. either by keyboard instruction or
Puffball is a simple but fairly ad- 2..
via a string which has already
dictive game in which you have been entered into the program. r>q T fi 24-0, 1 6 , 3 2 , 8 1 , 1 3 3 , 2 4 - 4 - , I d , 17
to race against time to destroy Screen Designer a l l o w s y o u t o
Making 'ZX' into a user-defined graphic, the Work box way.
the nine 'digital puffballs' in the make screen layout easily onto
correct order. the screen and juggle t h e m
useful for any program in which Parachute is a simple game
you are going to use UDGs. This designed to appeal to the
program is often invaluable as an younger age group. The idea is
aid to better graphics w o r k . to jump out of an aeroplane and
Graph D r a w i n g Routines c o m - open your parachute at the right
prises three programs w h i c h time to hit the target. . . Fun!
have the same general struc- Codebreaker is a game in which
ture; they are: Pie Chart, Bar you have to decipher a encoded
Chart and Graph. These are message. Not the most exciting
another three programs which game, but the large vocabulary
are likely to be useful and not on- makes up for it.
ly within the confines of com-
puter programming.
in Memory Map Monitor is o n l y Conclusion
sn really a one-line program which
a- allows you to test to see how Use And Learn is a very profes-
it- much memory you have left. sionally produced package. It
Through this is an eaSy routine does the job set out very well
(i-
for a resonably experienced pro- and is fantastic value for money,
)d grammer to write, it would not especially for somebody w h o
it x axis be so for the beginner. either w a n t s to further their pro-
>u A random graph from the Graph Drawing Routines program. RAM Test checks that all the gramming or just w a n t s to know
is memory used by the BASIC is what a computer can do and not
Tank is again simple, but is far around before the computer working OK. necessarily how.
ie from easy and is particularly ad- turns it into a finished PRINT Addictive Addition is a p r o g r a m A t £ 9 . 9 5 , this is very highly
it dictive. statement. to test your basic arithmetic r e c o m m e n d e d i n d e e d , ft is
>r Sorts is comprised of three dif- Workbox is a useful program to skills; not really that addictive, available f r o m : TEMPUS, 3 8
a ferent types of sorting programs aid the design of user defined but what do you expect from Burleigh Street, Cambridge CB1
which have been arranged for characters, w h i c h is likely to be maths? 1DG
-T
Push your Sinclair to the limit
ZX81/SPECTRUM UTILITIES NEW LOW PRICE *
ARCADE GAMES
TOOLKIT
Nine powerful new (unctions <of
your ZX61 (including re-number
C
lines {goto, gosub), program merge,
siring finding and replacement £5.95
^ GAMES
—_« ZX INVASION FORCE
•rTc\N (2X81) SPEC BUG O ONLY £5.95 for ZX81
Use your skill 1o fire through A 3 0 m 1 machine code tool and disassembler and £6.95 for SPECTRUM
the energy band to destroy lor your ZX Spectrum £6.95 INCA CURSE iAdventure B)
the menacing alien ship — ZX BUG In a jungle clearing you come across an
£3.95 A 30 in 1 machine code tool and disassembler ancient Inca temple Your mission to enter.
— T ^ V l N j SPEC INVADERS for your ZX81 £6.95 collect the treasure and escape alive But
M C Y J - - SPECGOBBLEMAN beware" Includes a cassette save routine
These exciting high- SHIP OF DOOM Âdventure C)
speed classic games Improve your machine You are unavoidably drawn to an alien cruiser.
incorporate hi-resoiutiongraphics and
sound to bring you the best tn arcade
code programs with this Can you reach the control room and (ree
yourself? Or will they get you first? Includes
action at only £ 4 . 9 5 each (16/48K) new 48K Spectrum a cassette save routine
ESPIONAGE ISLAND (Adventure D)
SPEC FROG 5/SHOWDOWN Assembler While on a reconnaisance mission your plane
loses control and you are forced to land
1 6 / 4 8 K
Just released by Artie, this new professional

toC-TJU
< >
Hop across the dangerous quality assembler is also available for 16K Can you survive and escape with the island's
road avoiding the lethal cars, ZX81 and features:— hidden secret?
then lorries. Go back to the * Word processor-like text editor • High-
PLANET OF DEATHiAfl,«mureA)16/48K
wild west for a gunfight battle amongst speed, versatile two-pass mnemonic
assembler with labels and detailed error- You find yourself stranded on an inhabited
cacti and wagons. Features include trapping, Will assemble to any address. alien planet. Can you reach your ship and
western music. £4.95 « Essential support facilities such as escape?
NAMTIR RAIDERS (ZX81) memory edit, register inspect/modily and
"•TlCXftl SP®®**- Q u i c k action search (or de bugging. • Full output 10
ZX-printor • Memory status
ZX FORTH
W w j J J I - - arcade game with four report and comprehensive v r q Q c S u p p l e d on cassette
separate groups of attackers. user-manual wr*UT L J . J U with editor cassette,
£3.95 user manuals and keyboard overlay ZX Forth
ZX81& SPECTRUM
combines the simplicity of basic with the
GobtXeman also available lor 2X81 at E3 95 speed of machine code now €14 95
THE ULTIMATE ADVENTURE FOR THE

SPECTRUM/2X81 ft* only C9 95
SPECTRUM A
MICRO CHESS GREAT
The only Chess program lor a 16K or 4flK Spectrum
CHESS
Allows all legal moves, castelling. en-passant
and pawn promotion
GAME FOR
Options to play black'or white Sets YOUR ZX81
board m any position Full colour
and graphics display OR SPECTRUM' •SPECTRUM
ONLY CHESS 48 K
ZX CHESSI
Very popular machine code prog ram, with si*
levels of play and an analysis oplion Available
lorZXBl £6.50
ZX CHESS II
A new improved version, with a faster response
AVAILABLE time, seven levels of play, analysis opiion and in
FROMARTIC \ y j addition a recommended moveoplion £9.95
Your eccentric latr>er
has ie1l you 110.000 in his will tn order lo claim your Z X 1 K CHESS —
windlall you must solve twelve clues and flam An incredible game featured 0 ° _
access to a bank account in which the money has in 1K for only £2.95 — —
actually been deposited Be the first to crack the SPECTRUM
puttie and the prite is yours1 Plus you will win two
tickets to the cily of the secret KRAKIT ,M <auil INVASION SPECTRUM
FORCE
location The Prize money is increased weekly A
telephone number will be supplied so you have the
opportunity to tind Out lust how much you could win This incredible program talks you
A pooular arcade (same (Of 16* or 4flK Spectrum through your game
DON'T MISS Fires through the fo»ce tieid to destroy the
menacing alien ship Sounds e a s y ' 1 Two levels ot
It tells you its move recommenos a move and
comams a range ot facetious comments The game
YOUR CHANCE TO WIN plav — normal or suicidal Pull colour Sound and
hi res graphics
is based on the highly successful ZX Chess 11 and
is offered at the Christmas oiler price ot C9.9S
A FORTUNE! NOW ONLY £4.95 TTTfTftTYTTrTTTTYTYTTYTTTTTTTTY
SPECTRUM CHESS now only £9.45
ALWAYS AHEAD WITH 2X81 /SPECTRUM SOFTWARE To Affc Computing Ltd 396 James fieckitt Avenue
Hull N Humbe'rside. HU80JA
Cheques 4 P O made payable to Artie Computing Limited Dealer enquiries we.come • • • •

I
' Please supply
Please state wheêr your order isforZXfit orSpeclrum SendSAE (8<n * 9m| lc> catalogue |
awns
ISIil&SIZ
ARTIC COMPUTING LTD.
• J 396 JAMES RECKITT AVENUE,
K J HULL, N. HUMBERSIDE,
Cheque tor total amount enclosed
Name
Address
ZX4
50 383IZX C O M P U T I N G APRIL/MAY 1983 50

locking
SPECTRUM DOMESTIC
on
3 R E M " T I M E "
1© L E T a = 0
3 © L E T b = 0
3 0 L E T C = ©
You'll never be late with

4-0 L E T d = 0
5 0 L E T e = 1 — * 1
*
: " ; d ; e ;
this program by thirteen

6 0 P R I N T A T 1 1 , 1 2 , e ;
" : b . s
' 7 0 L E T a = a + 1
year old Ben Rimmer of © 0

a = 0
XF a = 1 0 T H E N L E T b ^ b 4 1 . L E T
Eye, Suffolk.
1 0 0 I F b = 6 R N D a = 0 T H E N L E T c = c
• 1 : L E T b = 0
1 1 © X F C = 1 0 T H E N L E T d --d + 2 . L E T
C = 0
This p r o g r a m h a s b e e n w r i t t e n t h e P A U S E i n s t r u c t i o n , as t h e y 1 3 0 XF d = 6 R N D C = 0 T H E N L E T e = e
for the ZX S p e c t r u m a n d s i m u - do not w o r k fast enough. + 1 : L E T d = 0
lates a d i g i t a l c l o c k . T h e l i s t i n g The digital clock produced 1 5 0 I F S = 1 3 T H E N L E T e = i
will not o p e r a t e o n a Z X 8 1 o r should be accurate to w i t h i n 1 5 5 P R U S E 4 - 5 . 5
Z X 8 0 , e v e n if y o u d o r e m o v e one second an hour, 1 5 0 GO T O 6 0
DESKTOP CONSOLE FOR ZX SPECTRUM/ZX81
T V / M o n i t o r stand r e m o v a b l e for access to add-ons, wiring etc.

Professional desktop c o n s o l e lor t h e ZX S p e c l r u m / Z X 8 1 II raises
a n d tills the T V / M o n i t o r lo minimise eyestrain holds in place the
YOUR M I S S I O N ZX printer. RAM p a c k s ( a n d other a d d - o n s ) , power supoiy l a p e
recorder, ZX M i c r o d r i v e a n d hides most of t h e wiring Provides
To penetrate the Witches Defences. Enter
her Cavern and Destroy her wicked Heart storage s p a c e for c a s s e t i e s
O p t i o n a l : T w o built-in illuminated power s w i t c h e s
THE W I T C H E S DEFENCES Date.

STALAGMITES AND STALACTITES which grow acioss your path.
Blast away ihrough w i t h your Lazer Cannon tbui beware - a surpr.se YOUR NAME AND ADDRESS (in Capua' Letters please,.
ism store fore you!).
VOLCANOES to get cast al .o I yo.i can' an ever increasing
amount ol white hoi Larva to avoid the closer you get to the witches
cavern.
VAMPIRE BATS t i a t c ^ng io your ship, ma- ng your contro % sluggish
and finally iif you are not carefu l dragging you down to your
destruction.
CAVE-INS should you hit the side of the cave with your Lazer Cannon Description Item Total
Qty
or Bomb, part of me rool will cave in on you — the greater the Price
landslides to avoid each timef.
THE NEARER you ge: to the Witches Cavern, the more of her Defences Console lor ZX Spectrum. ZX81 €3095
she will throw at you at once. Should you survive an of them (highly
unlikely! then you must contend with the Witch herself Avoid being
Power Switch for Tape Recorder C300
turned to stone by her spells while attempting to destroy her wicked
Heart!. £300
Power Switch tor ZX Spectrum ZX8I
* 1 or 2 Players
•Written entirely in Machine Code * Mystery Score positions to bomb Sub Total
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T R U M . A P P L E II. C P / M •« —
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fWARE ((48K)
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PART i ()0f Everybody tô now lo parti I'ART It imtirofoi oniftusiasls the a' . parti employee details very easy right up to the last minute Can also compute
t MO* youi system should 9 How a tapo iccordor n e w gross pay & deductions from net pay)
2 Choosma a tapa recorde* 10 Computer ?asseit«r interface *aveto
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7 Loaang (j'tfiCuil IJFIOS seconds, prints values ot stock Program loads m one mmute. data in less
8 Use'ui aecesswics than three)
Puce C3 15 mcl postage. £ 2 90 irom bookshops Or ask for it at your horary

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Tel: 01-485 1059 Telex: 22870
52 383IZX C O M P U T I N G APRIL/MAY 1983 52

Spectrum launch
SINCLAIR NEWS
in the States
Time*, the company that
manufactures the TS1000 (ZX81
in cartridges, games or otherwise,
in the States, it is thought that
to you and me) are soon to the TS2000 will also incorporate a
launch the American equivalent port which will accept 4K — 32K
to the ZX Spectrum. ROM cartridges.
Designated the TS2000, it is The price of the new machines
basically an upgrade of the British are to be somewhere in the
machine, ie with some of the region of $150 and $200 for the
bugs ironed out! The ROM 16K and 48K models respectively.
incorporated in the TS2000 is The TS1000 has also been
similar to the one we have alt reduced in price recently so that
come to know and love, but has it now compares to the British
been adapted for a number of price for the machine.
changes to Sinclair BASIC. For Incidentally, reports are that the
instance, it is reputed that the TS1Q00 has cornered over a
commands, ATTN, ACS and quarter of the USA's home
ASN have been removed, and an computer market.
AUTO line numbering, a The TS2000 is also to be
RENUMbering and line deletion launched with the TS2040, a
function, and other editing new, larger printer which also
features have been inserted to utilises a thermal print
replace them. mechanism.
Due to the popularity of plug-
ROM Shopping for

a Spectrum
with a With sales of the ZX Spectrum
now approaching 200,000,
Sinclair Research have decided to
Managing Director, "We have
sold nearlv 200.000, mail order
and retail, Spectrums in the last
view
name a number of new nine months, and by Easter
distributors for their computer. expect to be selling 12,000 15.000
Reports of W H Smiths selling Spectrums per week".
in the region of several thousand Current reports from Sinclair
devices a week have sponsored Research suggest tht production
Sinclair into nominating Boots, figures are in the region of 50,000
Curry's, Debenhams and their Spectrums being manufactured
subsidiaries, and John Menzies as each month and 60.000 ZX81s.
main distributors. Smaller retailers This is matched by sales figures
such as John Lewis, House of for the ZX81 being around 30,000
Fraser, Rank Zerox and others per month in the UK; this figure
For all of you who have trouble 12 hours of hands-on
will be supplied with Spectrum by is expected to rise over the
coping with the complexities of programming. The lecturer, Harry
Prism Micro Products, Sinclair's coming months.
the Sinclair BASIC manual, there Siddall, has been teaching for 20
has been set up a programming years, several of which have been own distributors. "Overall, we believe we can
weekend in the wilds of the involved in computing science. This move has obviously been maintain a 60% volume share of
Severn Valley. Emphasis for the courses is approved to consolidate the 1983's much enlarged (home
The computei courses are held placed on learning through Spectrum's position in the home computer) market" added Nigel
at the Gainsborough House enjoyment, and one look at the computer market. Said Nigel Searle.
Hotel, and can accommodate a hotel's facilities will certainly echo Searle, Sinclair Research's
maximum of 20 people. The the enjoyment theme. The cost of
sessions are based on the 2X81 the course is £55.00, which
and assume no previous includes all food, accommodation
knowledge of computing. and VAT. The weekend
Although aimed at people over 16 programming courses are Clive Sinclair has been up to per share.
years of age, children can attend scheduled to run thoroughout some financial 'wheeler dealing' Last year, Sinclair Research
as long as they are accompanied April and May. of late which has made him £13.6 showed a profit of more than
by their parents. For more details, contact the million the richer — possibly £8.8 million on a turnover of
Beginning at 6.45 on the Managing Director of allowing him to further his electric £27.62 million. This year fin the
Friday evening, the course runs Gainsborough House Hotel, car project. year ending on March 31stl, it is
right the way through to Sunday Bewdley Hill, Kidderminster, The 400,000 shares 110% of expected that the company will
afternoon. During this period you Worcestershire DY11 6BS or Clive's 95% holdingl were sold to announce profits of around £14
should be able to squeeze in over 'phone him on 0562 754041. large financial institutions at £34 million.

HARDWARE NEWS
Looking sharp Spectrum

Upgrades
If you're tired of looking at the which can be used for defining 22mm) and resides between the
graphics available on your ZX81, your own characters (which can RAM Pack and the computer; If you own an Issue 2 Spectrum
then the new High Resolution be any size and shape), drawing ihere is no need for any (which you can easily identify by
Graphics Pack from Digital lines, plotting complex functins, additional power pack or the large chip in a socket in line
Integration may be just what and a complete lower case soldering for operation. with the '9' key, visible in the rear
you've been looking for, character set for word The unit is priced at £38.95, expansion cutout), you may like
This new accessory gives your processing. although there is the opportunity to know that you can upgrade
ZX81 a full 256 by 192 pixel The pack is fully compatible for schools to arrange for a your 16K memory to 48K for as
display, with full dynamic control with the ZX81 Printer, and comes discount. For more details get in little as C24.50.
of every pixel in BASIC. A 2K with a comprehensive handbook touch with Digital Integration, Sounds too good to be true
EPROM contains the Hi-Res illustrating how you can get the 22 Ash Church Road, Ash, — but that's something you'll
BASIC monitor offering a range most out of the device. The Hi- Aldershot, Hants GU12 6LX. have to take up with Fountain
of powerful commands, such as Res Graphics Pack is housed in a Computers Ltd, Darvill Road,
PAGE, PLOT and SCROLL, slim case (150mm by 80mm by Ropley, Alresford, Hants S024
OBW.
Should you enquire for further i
details of the 32K upgrade kit,
you might also like to to ask
about their instructional sheet
concerning the display of the ZX
Spectrum, both 16K and 48K
models.
The A4 sheet, priced at CI.00, I
provides instructions for
optimising the display quality of
u * o u the Spectrum, simply by
adjusting internal controls. Such
o * u *
f faults as yellowish whites, the
_
U * u LI 'Venetian blind' effect and
wobbling characters are dealt
with, complete with detailed
illustrations.
Loosing
The instructions are very
comprehensive and should inspire I
confidence in even the most
nervous user who might want to I
delve inside their Spectrum. Of
course, should you decide to find I
your grip
out more about their upgrade kit I
and eventually buy one, then
they'll give you these display
hints free!
If you're forever chasing your and shipment takes approximately

ZX81 across the table as you type five weeks.
in your latest programming Further information is
masterpiece, here's a cheap and obtainable from Stream
effective way of pinning the Computers, PO Box 113, Ajax,
computer down. Ontario L1S 3C5, Canada.
The Stabilizer Pad from
Stream Computers, although
designed for the TS/1000.
accommodates the ZX81
perfectly. Made of a strong
rubbery substance, the Stabilizer
Pad eliminates sliding and
movement and, by holding the
RAM Pack securely, also prevents
program loss. The computer is
also held in a forward position
making typing much easier.
Its manufacturers are currently
trying to find a UK distributor,
but until they do you can still
order one direct from Stream
Computers. Priced at £4.50
(which includes first class
postage), the round trip of order

Between the
HARDWARE NEWS
lines
A parallel Centronics interface, ZX
LPRINT, is now available for use
the standards of professional
word processing.
interface; commands are used to
switch off the Sinclair character
commands do not need extra
software, all that is needed is the
with the ZX Spectrum, The unit itself, measuring set at times when you wish to interface plugged into ihe
Plugging directly into the rear 70mm by 65mm by 25mm, can utilise the capabilities of the computer.)
connector of the Spectrum, the convert the output to produce printer's full character set. Priced at around £30.00, you
ZX LPRINT translates LPRINT Sinclair tokens, ie SCREEN $, A COPY command will dump can find out further information
and LLIST output into parallel RANDOMIZE, etc. Printers which the complete screen to a high on this product from Euroelec-
Centronics format. This means require special control characters resolution graphics printer; COPY tronics, Zlin House, Oakfield
that any number of characters from the range 128 to 255 to software to go with the interface Street, Cheltenham, Glos GL50
Iwithin the capabilities of the access some of their functions is supplied on a separate 2UJ.
printer used) can be printed to can also be used with this new cassette. (LPRINT and LLIST
On your desk
A desk console has been
announced from TTL which will
for the 9V power supply
ON/OFF, LED indicator for the
stacking pillars and a soft PVC
dust cover are also available from
£42.18 and is available from
Traffic Technology Ltd, PO Box
hold everything you should need PSU are also included in the TTL. 2, Warminster. Wiltshire BA12
to make the most of your device. Optional extras such as The desk console is priced at 7QX.
Spectrum.
Constructed from strong ABS
plastic, the unit has a detachable
base cover and non-slip feet. The
console weighs 1.5kg and
measures 555mm by 370mm by
50mm.
Provision is made for the unit
to accommodate a power supply,
•
a Sinclair Printer, an RS232
interface, joystick control, two
Microdrives, a cassette recorder
and a selection of cassettes,
pencils, etc. There is a switch
panel with a three position slide
switch for SAVE/RUN -
LIST/LOAD VERIFY (earthing
unused inputs to cassette
recorder and computer). A switch

SOFTWARE NEWS
Off the shelf

Quicksilva have released a new doubled up or added to so that
range of games for the ZX81 they fit in with Quicksilva's
and ZX Spectrum. pricing structure.
Six new packages are Among the new Quicksilva
available for the 16K ZX81, (n6e Pixel) software is Trader,
three of which are Quicksilva which is now supplied in a box
original games. The first is with a comprehensive booklet
called Croaka Crawla and is a describing the background to
version of the famous frog the game and an original Trader
hopping game with special story from Mark Eyles; Sub-
features such as flies, Space Striker and Zor; and
crocodiles, sinking turtles, logs Star-Quest and Encounter.
and progressively difficult attack Trader, Sub-Space Striker and
waves. Zor, and Star Quest and
The second new game is Encounter are priced at £9.95,
called Muchees and (yes, you've £3.95 and £3.95 respectively.
guessed it) it is a version of the For the 48K Spectrum comes
pill-eating game featuring a new game called Mined Out
ghosts, power pills, side doors, With not an alien in sight,
fruit and, of course, the lovable Mined-Out features nine levels
munchees. The third package is of minefield to struggle across,
called Galaxians, but also with various damsels in distress
includes a game called Gloops. to worry over and other weird
The main program on this
cassette, Galaxians, is an
and wonderful things, such as
Bill the Worm, Tricky Mine,
Quicksilva
implementation of the classic Bugs and the Mine Spreaders.
arcade game, with two different Mined-Out is available at the
types of Galaxian. However, price of £4.95.
perhaps the best part of this On a more serious note,
game is that you are able to under the proud boast 'Now the
tailor the game to suit your own sun never sets on Quicksilva', it
particular tastes in terms of seems they have established
speed, firing rate and the distributors throughout most of
number of Galaxians. (Now you the world (and the bits they
need not spend your first 30 haven't yet tied up should be so
games of Galaxian trying to beat in the near future, so they
10 points!) assure me). So, if you're
Croaka Crawla, Munchees, reading this in a foreign clime
and Galaxians are priced at and fancy getting your 'gaming
£3.95, £3.95 and £4.95 fingers' around the latest
respectively. Quicksilva software, write to
Quicksilva have also taken them at 92 Northam Road,
over the marketing of the range Southampton S02 OPB.
of Pixel games for the 16K Telephone enquiries can be
ZX81. Now re-packaged with made on 0703 20169.
new covers, the titles have been
Good health
A series of six cassettes
LISPing on your
Spectrum
An interpreter for the artificial code subroutines; incorporates
IX 82
1
designed to educate and intelligence research language, 16-bit signed integer arithmetic;
advise on a comprehensive LISP, is now available for the has full error checking,
range of medical topics is now ZX Spectrum, Suitable for compacting garbage collector
available for the 1 6K Z X 8 1 . U HOME DOCTOR |h students learning LISP, the and full property list
The six cassettes cover the SERIES package should also be of implementation.
following range of subjects: !. Basic M e d i c i n e interest to hobbyists eager to The LISP package includes a
Basic Medicine, Mainly for ^ 'n'bf Ot Wsrr»oo Colomor> learn an alternative language to 4.5K machine code interpreter
Programs by lolTm«ad C o n ^ ' f i
Women, Mainly for Men, All BASIC and gain an insight into and a 2.6K initialised property
About Children. How Healthy HOMI DOCTOR «BI(% C artificial intelligence. list. Ideally requiring 48K of
Are You? — A Home ZX 81 TBOIK M*dkin* 30 The LISP interpreter features memory, the program will run in
Screening Program, and 101 Thr ZX SI Home Oo<tor S*rl»t over 50 pre-defined functions; it 16K.
Home Nursing Tips. Each allows iteration via PROGN and Complete with a
cassette contains an average WHILE functions; incorporates demonstration program and a
of 1 8 individual programs, LOAD, SAVE and VERIFY programmer's manual, the LISP
each packed with advice and functions as well as an LPRINT interpreter is priced at £15.00.
information listed by sympton diagnosis, the urgency with function to output to the To learn more about the
or health topic. According to which the user should seek printer. The interpreter also interpreter, send for details from
how the user responds to medical help and, where allows a variable number of Serious Software, 7 Woodside
each question, various advice appropriate, the form of home parameters to user-defined Road, Bickley, Bromley, Kent
is given as to possible treatment to be employed. functions; supports machine BR1 2ES.

SOFTWARE NEWS
TRADER TRILOGY
A grand program
Holdco have announced an all those who have the first
adventure game package part after May 31, 1983.
called The Secret of Designed to operate on the
Tamworth Manor in which you 1 6K 2X81, Holdno claim that
get the chance to win the first cassette of clues will
£1,000. be more than enough to keep
The story so far is that you busy until May.
William Tamworth buried the Somewhere in your travels
Tamworth fortune somewhere to solve the puzzle (yes, you
near Tamworth Manor during do actually have to get out of
the English Civil War. After doors for this one) you may
Tamworth Manor was razed to find a number of clues or
the ground and William met unexpected help to aid you in
with a particularly horrible your quest.
death, only Charles Tamworth, It's no use asking Holdco
an elderly descendent, for any information about the
suspects that the money is money lall they'll tell you is
still in its original burial place. that the treasure is buried
So, after much research into somewhere in the Home
ZX8J J6K GAME the family archives, he solves
the secret and as he has no
Counties) but they will
certainly be happy to tell you
rhe ultimate graph* adv*nt«
J
need of the money (?) decides more about the package.
to leave it to whoever can So, for more details on The
SUBSPACE
solve the t w o riddles he has Secret of Tamworth Manor,
STARCHIEST left. contact Holdco Ltd, 1 4 Britton
STRIKER
The first part of the Street, London EC1M 5NQ or
cassette adventure is available 'phone 0 1 - 2 5 1 3 0 9 0 . The
now, and the second part of price of the package is
The %X' factor

the puzzle will be sent out to £14.95.
A new software package is Thus, the user is able to

now available from C.C.S. for optimise the decisions to be
the 16K ZX81 and Spectrum made concerning the business.
called Modeller X. Priced at £8.00, further
Modeller X is a user friendly information can be obtained
financial modeller program from C.C.S., 14 Langton
ZX81 16K GAME 2X81 16K GAME which could prove a valuable Way, London SE3 7TL. You
VSpwrt^hM^nrr-- rtuf* MvJ Di* assett to a small business couid also ask about the new
CNCOUNTEft l(J
concern. The program is menu range of financial modellers
PIXEL PIXEL driven and allows the user to
assess the sensitivity of
currently being developed
which are planned to assist in
changes in the market forces estimating cash flow, credit
to the effectiveness of control and the more detailed
salespeople and advertising in aspects of marketing and
For the under 8's relation to the elasticity of

demand and pricing policy.
production.
Rose Cassettes have released a throughout the program are

new cassette aimed at teaching asked, such as 'Do you need to
the basics of arithmetic to the borrow one?' and 'What shall I
under 8's. bring forward?', to aid the user
Called Arithmetic for the in decisions.
or under 8';., the program is For each sum correctly
designed to be run on a 16K answered, the features of a
2X81. The package comprises balloon face are built up; in
four programs: Add, Subtract, much the same way, if a sum is
Multiply and Divide. Each incorrectly answered a feature
program (except Divide) allows of the balloon's face is erased.
for the entry of units in a strict When all the features of the
n in order, all numbers being printed face are complete, the balloon
in a large size so that children takes off {with the help of a
can easily recognise them. machine code routine or two!).
3 Each program has three The maths package is priced
SP levels of difficulty: units only, at £4.50. For more details of this
tens and units, and hundreds, and the rest of their large range
tens and units. Obviously, as of educational software, get in
om the child becomes more touch with Rose Cassettes, 148
le confident with numbers, you Widney Lane, Solihull, West
t can progress through these Midlands B91 3LH,
levels. Appropriate questions
ZX COMPUTING APRIL, MAY 1983

If you run, or are a member of, Chairman, Club meets every Tuesday or business user. Within this
a user club which caters for the Rue Abbe De L'Epeestraat, 14, night from 6 . 0 0 p m at the scope, all kinds of people are
Sinclair user, why not get your 1 2 0 0 Brussels, Three Lamps, top floor. Castle welcome — whether you want
group on the map by writing to Belgium. Square, Swansea. For further to play games, write
us at: details of the club's activities, educational software, or simply
you can write to me at the indulge an interest in the
Club Corner. Aylesbury zx address given below or 'phone subject.
ZX Computing,
1 4 5 Charing C r o s s Road,
Computer Club me on Swansea 2 0 3 8 1 1
Yours faithfully,
The initial plan is to see if
there is sufficient interest (I
L o n d o n W C 2 H OEE. have every confidence that
Dear ZX Computing, SC Morris, there will be!) to take the idea
All you have to do is to send us I have enclosed the latest issue Acting Secretary, forward. If there is the
a letter w i t h details of your club of our club magazine, and am 9 YrGorlan, response, an inaugral meeting
(times of meetings, addresses writing to remind your readers Killay, will be arranged, and we will
of who to contact, etcl and w h o live in our local area that Swansea. hopefully get ourselves
we'll do the rest. If you publish they would be more than affiliated to the Association of
a newsletter or club magazine, welcome at our club, London Computer Clubs.
w e ' d very much like to see that We have weekly meetings Lambeth So, if anyone is interested in
too. at Quarrendon School every Computer Club helping to get the club
And if you don't see a club Friday at 7 . 3 0 p m , and we also together, contact me at the
in your area, w h y not start one have a monthly meeting on the address given below.
up by writing to ZX Computing first Wednesday of each month Dear ZX Computing, Yours faithfully,
and seeing if any like-minded at 7 . 3 0 p m at Aylesbury Our club is being formed from
enthusiasts wish to join you. College. For further details of the local inhabitants of Robert Baker,
these meetings, you could Lambeth. Its aim is to promote 54 Brixton Road,
always 'phone me on the use of computers in London SW9 6BS
Lambeth by the home, school
Belgian National Aylesbury 6 3 0 8 6 7 .
The club membership fee is
Sinclair Club C5.00 per annum, and each The dub magazines of
member receives a copy of our the A ylesbury ZX
Dear ZX Computing, monthly newsletter. Computer Club and the
From January 1, 1 9 8 3 , the Yours faithfully, Belgian National Sinclair
Club.
Sinclair Club of Belgium
becomes a national club. David Nowotnik,
Thanks to the help of some Aylesbury ZX Computer Club.
handicapped members, we are
able to publish a multi-language
club magazine. Indeed, in Swansea
Belgium, it is difficult to find a Computer Club
job unless you have a working
knowledge of Flemish, French,
English and, if possible, Dear ZX Computing,
German. So. members of our The Swansea Computer Club
club not only learn all about the has now been in existance for
Sinclair computers, but are also about six months and
motivated to learn foreign considering how young the
languages! club is, w e have had a very
The club is very much a encouraging response.
non-profit organisation, with (Perhaps you saw our stand at
positive social aims. For the the January Microshow in
record, the correct title for the Swansea.)
club is: ASBL 'B.D.M.A.' VZW, An aim of the club is to
The Belgian National Sinclair organise lessons for beginners
Club. in BASIC, and we hope to start
Should any of your readers this course in the near future.
require further information, Anybody with an interest in
they may contact me at the computing will be welcomed to
address given below. our club, although you do not
Yours faithfully, have to o w n your o w n micro to
be a memeber.
P Glenisson, The Swansea Computer
58
ANDREW HEWSONS BOOKS
29BEST PROGRAMS FOR THE SPECTRUM
lor the 40 BEST M A C H I N E CODE R O U T I N E S FOR T H E
ZX SPECTRUM
j
Mr H E L P L I N E the man ZX SPECTRUM £5.95
w h o answers your Z X by Andrew Hevsison and John Hardman.
W T H i X f t A N ATO RY TE XT queries in his column in
Sindair User, the author of Section A : Throe chapters explaining what you need to know about
wv: - "t" H I N T S & TIPS FOR THE Z 8 0 machine code o n the Spectrum.
Z X 8 0 and H I N T S & T I P S * How to load and save machine code,
F O R T H E Z X 8 1 now * How to use the system variables.
presents: * How memory is organised.
* 2 0 original programs for * How program lines are stored.
you to load into your * How to use the stack, the display, the attribute files.
Spectrum, * H o w to call R O M routines — where they are and what they do.
* The structure of Z 8 0 code - plus a valuable glossary.
* 20 interesting programs
for you to enjoy and learn Section 8 : 4 0 routines including,
from. * Scroll up, d o w n , side to side by pixel or by character.
* 2 0 great programs to * Search and replace, token swap, string search.
teach you about fixed and * Rotate character, invert character horizontally and vertically.
NETT variable length records. * Line remember - including GOSUBs, G O T O s , R U N etc.
' S - j J ' '-.PRICE binary searches, bubble AM routines are relocatable (except 'line remember')
•£5.95 sorts, graphic displays
AMDflfVl HtWSON * and m u c h -much more • This book teaches the beginner all he needs to know in a simple,
easy-to-learn form and its an invaluable reference work for the
Program titles include:
expert too!
Machine Code Editor — Write, m o d i f y , extend and load machine
code using this all-basic program. No need to use an Assembler
when you have this program.
NIGHTFLITE FOR Z X S P E C T R U M £5.95
Index File — Learn about fixed length records, save numeric and
string information, add to, sort, m o d i f y , delete and print your
records. Idea! as a computer based filing system.
Duckshoot - Learn bow to manipulate the attributes file and have

fun at the same time.
Graphix — Construct up to 2 1 0 graphics characters with the full

on-screen editing facilities, enhance and modify them and recall
them later to build a detailed display to save o n cassette.
Spiromama - A program to stretch your artistic talents, imagination
and ingenuity. Draws a limitless variety of curves and spirals.
Plus: F O O T 8 A L L , D I G I T I S E R , D I A R Y and many more.

Available through Computer Bookshops and W . H . S M I T H .
Fly your own a.'call <rom Take olt to l a n j m g via

RETAILERS n a v g a u o n * i beacons ov«r m o u n t a i n s
deta to Irtiding inurnment
u i m g • fu*v
system
Z80 OP CODES £1 45 We are continually on the look out for "You
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ar« the Mot ol
ano
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A mîf «o» 9*0 *»p*r-«nc«<] P'QQffTMYl*' must . u y o u i M i l l a n d | u < j g m « n i to ft* y o u ' aitcr»lt
Th* r*<*0«**t I 4 f f t 600 n o new outlets. If you are interested in accuratelyov*> th«r>
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m«e*int :DM ifHfriKtiOAt d«<*mji aô hetM•t-mr «r.tn stocking the items advertised here, write - jiway 'Haiarus aftmountains ano cots nvir.us
• ••-*o' l 'i:t f 0© C o d * t s>^c<>n<iry aryj
' ' " S f u m e n t i Art.f>c-s- H o r u o n N o n D i r e c v o n e B e a c o n
COU '^fiK'.m SvPP' •<* « • prol«Cfiw* *«|l«l to us for our irade rates. V « f 0mn,a<f»ctional B a n g * Instrument Lanj.ng S v > t * m
" R e a d o u t s Gear r » c < - 5 p » : D*tenee Measuring
URGENT Equ p m e ^ t Ven.cal S p e e d R P M ar-d h e a d i n g ' V i s u a l

d>K>»v Ol runway on approach '5 Mcoes ''or Tan of!
We require high quality Spectrum and !0 A „ t 0 D i l 0 t l»n<J.rg» •
PILOT Z X 8 1 Dragon software. Good royalties paid.
£5.95
Essentially the same as Nightf lite but Send your samples today for fast
without the hi res graphics. evaluation.
PUCKMAN Z X 8 1 QUANTITY PRODUCT COST

£5.95
All action display. Best score to date,
scour the maze for food, dodge the
ghost, eat a strawberry and attack the
ghosts.
HINTS& TIPS FOR T H E Z X 8 1 TOTAL
£3.95
Available by direct mail order or through NAME
computer bookshops and W.H. Smith. itiicch capitals p i e a w l
ADDRESS
J
THE PROGRAMS
The programs advertised here are Mv Access Bf ciayca'ONo 1*
available from computer bookshops w i t h
a software stand, and many independent Stgneu
Post r. HEWSON CONSULTANTS OEPT 60A St M A R Y S STREET W ALLIN 3 F O R D OXONOXIOOEL
micro-computer shops. T E L 10491. 36307
r SPECTRUM CAME
Command your
own fleet with
this program by
Jeff Hamilton
of Gillingham.
This program has been written
to allow users to challenge their
Spectrum computer to the age-
old classroom game of Battle-
ships.
When you have the game
RUNning, you will be asked to
INPUT the direction of your
ships and the starting square.
The Spectrum will automatically
z
set your ships on the grid. Once,
a battleship (four squares), two «
>
o
cruisers (three squares) and
OC
three destroyers (two squares) a>
have been set up, the Spectrum
decides who should begin the
game. O
>
The Spectrum's moves are yi
a>
calculated in lines 1 0 0 0 to t
1 0 8 0 ; a random square is 3
O
chosen to fire at unless the o
Spectrum has just scored a hit X
on your fleet. If it has just re
achieved damage to one of your
ships, it will continue to fire at
the surrounding squares until it
has sunk the vessel. o
JC
In the navy a
2
Once the Spectrum has selected o>
o
a square to fire at, it is up to the
user to respond w i t h either a'M' s
JZ
for a miss or an 'H' for a direct CL
hit. There is no routine in the
program to counteract the user
lying to the computer, but there
is no reason w h y a simple
routine could not be written to
stop any 'innocent' cheating.
When it is the user's turn,
simply INPUT the co-ordinates,
for example, 'F7' for the grid
reference F7, and the result will
be displayed on the screen as a
miss or as a hit with accompany-
ing BEEP. It might be an idea to
make a mental note as to which
squares you have already fired
at, as the computer will not tell
you if you have already had a go
at a certain grid reference.
60
SPECTRUM CAME
on 0
34, 1
2;.
3
4|.
5
6
S
91. . . . J • - - 9
RBCDEFGHIJ RBCDEFGHIJ
er
1>
a : : ; :
3i. . . .
<13...
5 D . CC You have two grids to the left, The game is well under way I
5 6 . . . the computer has a grid on the Your shots are displayed on the
7 B . . . right. In this example, the top left grid, the computer 's on
S player has just entered a battle the top right grid. Oh. by the
3 . i i i ship and a cruiser onto the grid. way, the Spectrum s just hit
your battleship. . .
s are
0 to
re is
1 the
a hit
just
'your
ire at
ntil it
50 GO S U B S000: REM ** RULES * 710 INPUT D%: I P LEN D$<>2 THEN

* GO T O 710
10© GO S U B 5 0 0 0 ; REM ** INITIAL 715 LET B*«0$(1): LET C^VAL D$<
I5E VARIABLES ** 2 )
• GO S U B 5 3 0 0 : REH * * S 7 2 0 LET DECODE B » - 6 4
r r UP BOARD * # 725 I F ( C < 0 OR C ) 9 J OR C D < 1 OR
1 2 0 GO S U B 6 5 0 0 : REM * * S E T UP D >10) T H E N GO T O 710
3RD SOUARE 730 LET U=D; LET N«C+1
1 3 0 GO S U B 5 4 - 0 0 ; REM ** HIDE SM 740 LET U«M(N,U)
IPS * * 750 I E H ( N / U ) <>14-3 T H E N L E T HIT
1 3 6 LET Z - I N T (RN0*2) ; IE Z=1 T 5 = H I T J + 1
HEN GO TO 1 5 0 770 PRINT INK 2 ; R T C,D;CHR* U:
1 4 0 GO TO 7 0 0 : REM PLAYER GO IF U>100 THEN LET U=U-100
I * 775 BEEP » 0 5 , *J — 4 0
150 GO TO 1 0 0 0 ; REM SPECTRUM 780 I F H T T 5 - 1 6 T H E N GO T O 4000
GO #* 790 GO T O 150
700 PRINT RT 1 4 , 1 4 ; PRPER 1; IN 1000 I F LB =0 AND L C c Q AND L D * 0 T ^
K ?; "YOUR GO" H E N GO S U B 1 5 0 0 ~

SPECTRUM GAME
1010 IF L B s l OR LC=1 OR LD=1 THE 1950 LET L Z D » 2 : GO T O 1990
N CO SUB 1600 1960 LET LZ = L 2 # 1
X F L B > 1 OR LC > 1 THEN CO SUB 1965 LET X = X - 1 : LET Y = Y - 1
1970 I F L ( X , Y ) < > 4 - 6 T H E N GO TO 15
1030 INPUT H$; I F NOT H < = " H " R N D 8 0
N O T M $ s " M " T H E N GO T O 1030 1975 LET LZD * 3 : GO T O 1 9 9 0
1 0 4 - 0 I F M $ = " H " T H E N GO S U B 1S50 1960 LET LZeLZ+1
i 060 I F H $ c " H " T H E N GO S U B 158® 1965 L E T Y —Y # 2 : L E T L Z D * 4 -
1 M ® P R I N T I N K 2 , RT X - 4 , Y + 9 ; CHR 5 1990 GO S U B 1520
U: I F U > 1 0 0 THEN LET UU=U-100 1995 RETURN
1061 I F U < 1 0 0 THEN LET JJ=J 2000 I F L Z D * 1 T H E N GO S U B 2050
^ S S ZRI£Fr ; I N V E R S E X; INK 1 ; F 2010 I F L Z D > 2 THEN LET X=X + 1
LRSH 0 ; R T X+7,Y-3,CHR» J 2020 I F L Z D - 3 T H E N GO S U B 2060
1063 I F \J > 1 0 0 T H E N P R I N T ; XNVER 2030 I F LZD»4. THEN LET Y*Y#1
SE 0 ; INK 1 , FLRSH 0 , R T X#7,Y-3; 204-0 GO S U B 1 5 2 0 : RETURN
CHR* J 2050 I F L B ~ 2 OR L C * 2 T H E N GO S U E
1064. BEEP •05 , JJ -40 2110
1 0 6 5 LET L(X,Y)aJ 2060 IF LB«3 THEN GO SUB 23O0
1 0 7 0 I F H R T S « 1 6 T H E N GO T O 4 - 0 2 0 2070 RETURN
1 0 6 0 GO T O 14-0 2060 IF LB=2 OR LC-2 THEN GO SUE
1 5 0 0 LET X *INT ( R N D # 1 0 ) #4.; L E T V 2160
* INT ( R N D # 1 0 ) >4. 2090 I F L B = 3 T H E N GO T O 2 4 . 0 0
1 5 1 0 I F L ( X , Y ) < > 4 - 6 T H E N GO T O 15 2100 RETURN
00 2110
T
IF C L B « 2 OR L C = 2 ) RND L Y « 1
1 5 1 5 I F L < X # 1 , Y ) < >4-6 RND L(X,Y-1 HEN L E T X =X # 3 : RETURN
> < > 4 . 6 R N D L I X - 1 , Y > < >4-6 R N D L f X , Y
• 1 ) < > 4 - 6 T H E N GO T O 1500 2:120 LET X=X-1
1 5 2 0 LET YRaY#61 2 1 3 0 I F X = 3 T H E N GO T O 2150
1 5 3 0 P R I N T RT 1 4 . , 14., PRPER 2 ; I N 214-0 I F L f X , Y > = 4 . 6 T H E N L E T LY =LY
K 7 ; " M Y CO " ; C H R * YR,X-4 - 1: RETURN
1 5 3 5 PRINT ; BRIGHT 1; INK 1 ; FL .-150 I F L B = 2 OR L C - 2 T H E N L E T X =
R S H 1 ; R T X # 7 , Y - 3 ; •"?•• * -*-3 • RETURN
154.0 RETURN 2160 IF ( L B = 2 OR L C = 2 ) RND L Y = 1
1 5 5 0 LET J«14-3 THEN LET Y - Y + 3 . RETURN
1560 I F L B « 1 OR L C - « 1 OR L D « 1 THE 2 1 7 0 LET Y=Y-1
N LET LZ«LZ#1 2180 I F Y = 3 T H E N GO T O 2200
1570 RETURN 2190 I F L ( X , Y > =4-6 T H E N L E T L Y =LV
1 5 6 0 P R I N T RT 1 6 , 1 4 - ; P R P E R 4.; IN 1 : RETURN
K 7 ; " B , C OR D ? " 2200 I F L B = 2 OR L C = 2 T H E N L E T Y-
1 5 9 0 INPUT N t ; FOR N = 1 TO 9 ; P R I V +3: RETURN
NT RT 1 6 , N + 1 3 ; PRPER 7; INK 7;CH 2300 I F LR = 1 T H E N L E T X=X+4-: RET
RS 3 2 ; : NEXT N URN
1 6 0 0 LET HRTS»HRTS#i 2 3 1 0 LET X = X - 1
1610 I F N » - : " B " T H E N GO S U B ITS® 2320 I F X = 3 T H E N L E T X «X #4.; RETU
1620 I F N $ = " C " T H E N GO S U B 1700 RN
1630 I F N $ = " D " T H E N GO S U B 1650 2330 I F L f X , Y ) <>4-6 THEN L E T X=X +
164.0 RETURN 2. RETURN
1 6 5 0 L E T wl«CODE " D" 234.0 I F L ( X , Y J =4.6 THEN L E T L R = 1 :
1660 LET LDxLD + 1 RETURN
1670 I F L D « 2 THEN LET LZ=0 2 4 - 0 0 I F LR e 1 T H E N L E T Y = Y # 4 . ; RET
1660 I F L D « 2 THEN LET LD*0 URN
1 6 9 0 RETURN 24-10 LET YcY-1
1 7 0 0 LET J.CODE "C" 2 4 - 2 0 I F Y =3 THEN LET Y * Y # 4 ; RETU
1 7 1 0 LET LCsLC+1 R N
1720 I F LC = 3 THEN LET L Z = 0 . LET 2 4 . 3 0 I F L ( X , Y ) < > 4 - 6 THEN LET YcY +
LY«0 2: RETURN
1730 I F LC = 3 THEN LET LC=0 24-4.0 I F L ( X , Y ) = 4 . 6 T H E N L E T L R = 1 :
174.0 RETURN RETURN
1750 LET J=CDDE "B" 4 - 0 0 0 P R I N T R T 1 6 , 1 4 - ; " Y O U WON" ; G
1 7 6 0 L E T LB =LB + 1 O TO 4-04-0
1770 IF LB=4 THEN LET LZ=0 LET 4 . 0 2 0 P R I N T RT 1 6 , 1 4 - ; " I WON " : G
LY =0 LET L R =0 O T O 4 O 4 . 0
1780 I F L B =4- T H E N L E T LB«=0 4.04.0 P R I N T R T 1 8 , 1 4 ; " R G R I N ? CY/N
179© RETURN
1800 I F t L B = 1 OR L C * i ) RND L7»£? 4-050 INPUT Y$
THEN IF «L i X - 2 , Y ) < > 4 . 6 R N D L f X + l . 4 . 0 5 5 I F N O T Y » = r " Y " T H E N GO T O 4 0
Y > < > 4-6) OR i*L ( X - i , Y> < > 4 - 6 R N D L ( X 7 0
+ 2 , V > < >4.6 ) T H E N L E T Y =Y - 1 : LET L 4060 I F Y S = " Y " THEN RUN
Z-2: GO T O 1970 4 - 0 7 0 P R I N T R T 2 1 , 1 4 ; "OK B Y E " ; GO
1810 IF ( L B = 1 OR L C s l ) RND L Z = 1 TO 9000
"THEN I F L f X + 3 , Y > < >4-6 T H E N L E T X = 5 0 0 0 REH # # I N I T I R L I S E ##
X +l ; LET Y = Y - 1 ; LET LZ«2: GO T O 5 0 1 0 POKE 2 3 6 0 9 , 1 0 0
1970 5 0 2 0 DIH L ( 1 6 , 1 6 )
1850 IF LZ=0 T H E N GO T O 1 6 9 0 S 0 2 5 DIH H(10,10)
1860 IF L Z =1 T H E N GO T O 1 9 3 0 5 0 2 7 F O R N - l TO 1 0 : F O R U = 1 TO' i
Ok
1 870 IF LZ=2 T H E N GO T O 1 9 6 5
1880 IF LZ=3 T H E N GO T O 1 9 8 S 5 0 2 8 LET h ( N / U ) =14-3
1 8 9 0 LET X =X'-1 5 0 3 0 NEXT U; NEXT N
1900 I F L f X , Y ) < > 4 - 6 T H E N GO T O 19 =.035 RRNDOHIZE
£ 0 5 0 4 0 L ET H I T S =0: LET HftTS=0
GO T O 1990 5 0 5 0 L E T L B - 0 ; L E T L C = 0: L E T LD=
1910 LET L 2 D » 1 : 0 : L E T L Z « 0 : L E T L R = 0 : L E T LZD=0
1920 LET LZ=LZ#1 5 0 7 0 L E T L X = 0 : L E T L Y = 0 : L E T XX =
1930 LET X»X#2 0 : L E T L R » r 0
1 9 4 . 0 I F L ( X , Y ) < > 4 - 6 T H E N GO T O 19 5 0 8 0 FOR X t l TO 3 : FOR Y « 1 TO 3
60

SPECTRUM GAME
5 0 9 O L E T L (X , Y ) « * 1 0 0 : N E X T Y ; N E X
T X 6 i s 6 P R ^ f f ^ ^ A P E N ; I N K N + 2 ; A T
5 1 0 0 F O R X s d T O 1 3 : P O P Y«4- T O 1 1 1 , 8 ; " m h U U
6 1 9 0 r r R\ jI i Nn Ti
P ;i rP- A
n rP :tE R
n l "»,
N ; I aNi iKr \ N + 2 ; A T
12/©; • • • m mm-
• ' it
S i 1 0 L E T L (X , Y ) » 4 6 : N E X T Y . NE - 1 9 5 P R I N T ; P A P E R N + l ; I IN K N + 3 ;
X P T 1 4 , 4 ;
5 1 2 0 F O R X =14- T O 1 6 ; F O R Y = 14- T •_
16 6 2 0 0 N E X T N - N E X T Y
5130 LPT L IX/V) NEXT V ; NE'». © 2 1 0 P A U S E 6 0
T X: R E T U R N 6 2 2 0 P R I N T ; P A P E R 1; I N K 7 ; F L A
630® REM * * S E T U P B O A R D i i S H 1 ; A T 1 6 , © ; " A L U A Y 5 E N T E R L E T T E
5 3 1 0 FOR T O 9 R A N D N U H B E R T H E N P R E S S
5 3 2 0 P R I N T I N K 1 ; A ; P f i P E R 6 , I N K E N T E R
M
" . J P H P E P 7 ; " " ; P 6 2 3 0 P A U S E 6 0 : GO S U B © 4 0 0
HPER 6 ; " " ; I N K 1 ; P w P E 6 2 4 0 P A U S E 4E4. : GO S U B 6 4 1 0
ft 7 ; A 6 2 5 0 P R I N T , P A P E R 3 ; I N K 6 ; F L P
5 3 3 0 N E X T R S H 0 ; A T 1 6 , 0 / F I R S T S E T UP
534.0 P R I N T I N K l j " R B C D E F G H I J P •3RD S Q U A R E BY I N P L H T I N G O N E
P C D C r G H I U " B A T T L E S H I P ( 4 S O U A R E S ) T U O C P
5 3 6 0 FOR A « 0 T O 9 U I S E R S f 3 S O S ) A N D T H R E E D E S T R O Y
5 3 6 0 P R I N T I N K 1 ; A ; P A P E R 6 ; I N h E R S ( 2 S O S ) "
2; N E X T R 6 2 6 0 P A U S E 6 0 : GO S U B 6 4 0 0
5 3 7 0 " P L O T ' 6 ] © : GO S U P 5 J 9 5 6 2 7 0 P A U S E 4-E4-: GO S U B 6 4 1 0
53©0 P L O T © , 9 f t : GO S U B S 3 Q 5 6 2 6 0 PRINT ; P A P E R 1; I N K 7 ; A T 1
5 3 9 0 P L O T 104-/ 9 © : GO S U B 5 3 9 ? . R " U H E N I T I S Y O U R GO ( T O P L E
ETURN F T ) I N P U T Y O U R G U E S S
5 3 9 5 D R R U I N K 2 ; 7 9 / © : D P A U INK 2 ON T H E S P E C T R U H S GO ( T O P R
, 0 . 7 9 : D R R U I N K 2 ; - 7 9 , 0 ; D R R U I N IGHT.i I N P U T - M - I F M I S 5 ; - H - I F H I T : I
K 2 ; 0 , - 7 9 : R E T U R N F H I T Y O U U I L L BE P S K E D U H I C H 6
5 4 0 0 REM H I D E © H I P © H I P
54-10 L E T RB * © ; GO © U B 5 © 0 0 : F O P 6 2 9 0 P A U S E 6 0 ; GO S U B 6 4 0 0
P * 1 T O 4- 6 3 0 0 P A U S E 4.E4-: GO S U B 6 4 1 0 . R E T
54.20 L E T M ( N . U ) " C O D E " 8 " U R N
54.30 GO S U B 6 6 4 . 0 : N E X T P
544-0 FOR E « 1 T O 2 64-0O P R I N T FLASH 1 , AT 2 1 , 8 , "PP
5 4 5 0 L E T A B » 7 : GO © U B 5 © 0 0 ; GO 5> ESS ENTER": RETURN
UB 5 6 7 0 : I F A = 1 T H E N GO T O B 4 B P 64-10 PRINT F L A S H 0 ; AT 2 1 , 8 , "
54-60 F O R P = 1 T O 3 " : R E T U R N
5 4 7 0 L E T M ( N , U ) « C O D E " C " 6 5 0 0 R E M * * S E T UP 3 R D S Q U A R E * *
54-80 GO S U B 5 6 4 - 0 : N E X T P : N E X T E 5 5 1 0 L E T X $ = " B A T T L E S H I P (4-) "
5 4 9 0 F O R E e l T O 3 6 5 2 0 L E T D F = 6 : L E T J = 6 6
5 5 0 0 L E T A B » B : GO © U B © 6 * 0 : GO © 6 5 3 0 L E T X = 4 : GO S U B 6 7 0 0
UB 5 7 0 0 : I F A » 1 T H E N GO T O © 5 0 0 6 5 4 0 L E T X $ = " C R U I S E R ( 3 ) "
5 5 1 0 FOR P * 1 T O 2 6 5 5 0 L E T D F = 7 : L E T J r 6 7 - L E T X = 3
5 5 2 0 L E T H ( N , U ) w C O D E " D " 6 5 6 0 GO S U B 6 7 0 0 : GO S U B 6 7 0 0
5530 GO S U B 5 6 4 - 0 : N E X T P : N E X T E 6 5 7 0 L E T X $ - " D E S T R O Y E R ( 2 ) "
5 5 4 0 R E T U R N 6 5 8 0 L E T D F —3 : L E T J » 6 8 : L E T X = 2
5 6 0 0 L E T R = 0 : L E T A A - I N T < R N D * 2 ) 6 5 9 0 GO S U B 6 7 0 0 : GO S U B 6 7 0 0 : G
5 6 1 0 I F A A = 0 T H E N L E T N * I N T f R N D C S U B 6 7 0 0 : R E T U R N
* R B ) + 1 : L E T U « I N T ( R N D * 1 0 ) - H 6 6 0 0 P R I N T A T 1 4 , 1 7 , " " ; A T 1
5 6 2 0 I F PR = 1 T H E N L E T N * I N T CRND 5 , 1 5 ; " " ; A T 1 6 , 1 5 ; "
* 10) + 1 : L E T U - I N T ( R N D * A B ) + 1 ; A T 1 7 , 1 8 , " " ; A T 1 3 , 1 3 ; "
II
5 6 3 0 R E T U R N
5 6 4 0 I F RR = 0 T H E N L E T N « N + 1 6 6 01 R E T U R N
5 6 5 0 I F RR * 1 T H E N L E T U « U + 1 6 6 3
0 I F BR = 1 T H E N L E T C - C + l
5 6 6 0 R E T U R N 6 6 4
0 I F B R - 2 T H E N L E T D =D • 1
5 6 7 0 I F RR = 0 T H E N I F M ( N , U ) < > 1 4 3 6 6 5
0 R E T U R N
OR h f N + 1 , U > < > 1 4 - 3 OR M ( N + £ , W ) < > 1 6 7 ©0 P R I N T R T 1 4 , 1 7 , I N K 3 ; " I N P U
43 T H E N L E T A « 1 T " ;
A T 1 5 , 1 5 ; " 1 F O R N / S " ; A T 1 6 , 1 5
5 6 6 0 I F AA = 1 T H E N I F H ( N , U > < > 1 4 3 , " 2 F O R E / U
OR H < N , U + 1 ) < > 1 4 - 3 OR H ( N , U + 2 ) < > 1 6 7 1
0 I N P U T B R ; I F B R < 1 OR B R > 2 T
43 T H E N L E T A « 1 NEN G O T O 6 7 1 0
6 7 2 0 I F B R = 1 T H E N L E T D D « D F ; L E T
570P I F RR = 0 T H E N I F H (N , U j < > 1 4 3
DE = 9
OR H CN + 1 , L U < > 1 4 3 T H E N L E T A » 1
5 7 1 0 I F RRsrl T H E N I F M ( N , U ) < > 1 4 3 6 7 3 0 I F B R = 2 T H E N L E T D D « 9 : L E T
D E = D F
OR M ( N , U + 1 ) < >14-3 T H E N L E T R = 1
6 7 4 - 0 P R I N T A T 1 4 , 1 7 ; I N K 4 ; " E N T E
5 7 2 0 R E T U R N
R " ; A T 1 5 , 1 5 ; " S T A R T I N G " ; A T 1 6 , 1 5
•5000 FOR Y = 1 T O 7 : B O R D E R Y : F O R
; " S Q U A R E " , A T 1 7 , 1 © ; " F O R " ; A T 1
T O 4 : B E E P . 0 0 5 , N + Y
6 1 3 • x $
5100 P R I N T ; P A P E R N ; I N K N + 2 ; R T
6 7 5 0 ' I N P U T A $ : I F L E M A $ < > 2 T H E N
GO T O 6 7 5 0
6110'PHBT ; ?NK ffB
f . P T 6 7 6 0 L E T B % = A $ ( 1 ) : L E T C = U A L A $ <
3 5 • ••
6120' PRINT ?NK !L ; AT
2 )
6 7 7 0 L E T D = C O D E B * - 6 5
6 7 8 0 I F C < 0 OR O D D T H E N GO T O ©
6 l i § ' P R W T , PPAf lP?ELR N; I N K N + S / R T
5 , 5 ; • • • • •
6 7 9 0 I F D <0 OR D >DE T H E N GO T O 6
&140 P R I N T ; P A P E R
6,5, -mm 7
6
5
6
0
0 0 GO S U B 6 6 0 0
61 50 P
> R !l N 1 ; * P A P E R NJ
6 8 1 0 F O R F * 1 T O X
8 , 8 ;
6 8 2 0 P R I N T A T C + 1 1 , D + 1 ; I N K 2 ; C H
51 60 P R T N T ; * p f ? P E R N ;
R t J
9 8; " I I I I I I I
6 8 3 0 GO S U B 6 6 3 0 : N E X T F.- R E T U R N
61 ^©' P R I N T ; P A P E R N ; I N K N + 2 ; A T

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disassembled and its function clearly explained Great care is also taken to ensure
the reader understands how all the routines within the R O M interact with each other
T h e book also explains every aspect of the Spectrum's software operation in detail
and makes all functions and entry points available for use in your o w n programs a n d
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NEW RELEASE:! Sped rum Hardware Manual
An essential aid for every Spectrum user, giving an easy to
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SPECTRUM
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T h e book also includes practical hardware projects and tips
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Ufldaritandins Tour Spectrum Over the Spectrum Spectrum Machine language f a r

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Z X 8 1 / S P E C T R U M DOMESTIC
control
Keep efficient control
of your stock ^ - T T V cz ^^ slbIL
with this Q-" 2 - : ' •
splendid program
written by
Neil streeter
of Hastings.
This program for the 1 6K ZX81

allows the handling of stock
control files.
Each file set up will deal with
up to 100 stock items and will
tell you which items require re-
ordering. The program itself'is
menu driven and offers nine
main options: you may enter or
delete stock; enter the amount
re-ordered; delete files or enter of a certain kind. For example, sub-code of another item. For ward and the listing self ex-
new items; save the file; or print one file could deal with food example, if you enter a code, planatory, and can be converted
out a list of all stock items and stock, another with sundries, food, and there already exists a to run on the ZX Spectrum with
suppliers via the printer. and a further file could deal with code of this name, the computer minimal alterations.
The subroutine for each op- stock for the office. In this way, will return the first found. First, alter the number in line
tion appears starting at line it would be possible to have as However, the entry of the new 100 to 50 for the 16K Spec-
number 1000 multiplied by the many stock items as you wish items routine will tell you if a trum and 2 5 0 for the 48K Spec-
option number. These are called on file. A further program could code already exists, so this trum. Then, delete all the lines
in line 390 by GOTO 1 0 0 0 * 1, then be written, by the more en- should not cause any problem. with FAST or SLOW in them.
where I is the option chosen. thusiastic of you, to index the Finally, you may wish to change
The option to save a file
under a file name allows the
files and what they contain.
As a last note, the product
Spectrum all the upper case messages to
lower case, but this is not ab-
facility to run several files, reference code should be unique conversion solutely necessary.
where each file contains stock to each item and should not be a The program is fairly straightfor-
30O PRINT TRE "7. PRINT ITEMS

ki LET E Z*« T ES?ER PRODUCT RCT^R TO RE-ORDER."
cNCE C O D E . " 310 PRINT TRB 2.,"©. SRUE STOCK
100 L E T NO=1©0 FILE."
110 D I M R$(NO,32) 315 PRINT TRB 2 ; " 9 . PRINT RLL R
112 D I M S $ < NO , 3 2 ) EF. CODES"JTRB 5J"RND SUPPLIERS.
115 D I M R <. 1 0 0 . 4->
2 0 0 SLOW 320 PRINT 'CHOOSE OPTION <1-9
2 1 0 P R I N T TFTB 9 , " S T O C K COHFTROL .
THB M^^MMMMM- 330 PRINT TRB 9,
220 P R I N T "OPTIONS:
230 P R I N T 34-0 I F IHKEY $ < >" " T H E N G O T O 34-0
240 P R I N T T R B 2 , " 1 . ENTER NEU S 350 IF INKEY$="" T H E N GOTO 350
TOCK I T E M . " 3 6 0 L E T Q% = I N K E Y $
250 P R I N T T R B 2.; " 2 . P R I N T ITEM 370 IF 0$<"1" OR 0 $ > " 9 " T H E N GO
DETAILS. " TO 2 4 - 3
260 P R I N T TRB 2 j "3 . DELETE OLD 3 8 0 L E T I = U R L O *
STOCK I T E M . " 390 GOTO 1000*1
270 P R I N T TRE. 2 ; "4- . ENTER REMO^ 1000 C L S
ED S T O C K . " 1010 PRINT Z$
280 P R I N T TH6 A.; " 5 . ENTER STOCK 1020 INPUT B$
ON O R D E R . " 1025 FRST
290 P R I N T THB 2 F "6 . ENTER; STOCK 1030 FOR 1=1 TO NO
RECEIUED . "

1 0 4 0 x r T O L E N E.$> = B $ T H E N 2170 PRINT S $ ( I )

GOTO 1 0 8 Q 2 1 3 0 P R I N T j, , "PRESS » » c w " FOR CO
-i.050 IF Ft $ I I ^ 1 TO 4)=" T rttri P Y , ANY OTHER KEY FOR M E N U . "
GOTO 1 I P C 2 1 9 0 I F I N K E Y * < > " " THEN GOTO 2 1 «
Ô-rO NEXT I 0
5 L O U 2200 I F I N K E Y $ = " " THEN GOTO 2 2 0 0
i-07O P R I N T , "NO MEMORY L E F T . " 2210 I F INKEY $ = " C " THEN COPY
1075 P R I N T , , " P R E S S ANY KEY TO P 2220 CLS
ETLIRN TO M E N U . " 2230 GOTO 2 0 0
1 0 7 6 I F INKEY $ < > " " THEN GOTO 1 0 7 3 O 0 0 C L S
R 30 10 P R I N T Z$
1 0 7 7 I F TNKEY $ = " " THEN GOTO 1077 ->028 I N P U T B %
10 "7 S G L 5 3025 FAST
1079 GOTO 2 10 - 1 030 FOR 1 = 1 TO NO
1O30 SLOW 304-0 I F A * C I , TO LEN B $ ) = B * THEN
1065 PRINT ,. "STOCK ITEM ftLLREfit GOTO 3 0 7 0
V EXISTS." 3050 NEXT I
I 0 9 Q GOTO 1 0 7 5 3055 SLOU
1X00 SLOU 3060 GOTO 2 0 7 0
3 0 7©
1102 PRINT KB " B * 3 0 6 0
S L O U
P R I N T , , " P R E S S ••"£>»» TO DEL
1110 LET A $ ( 1 . 1 = 6 $ ETE . ANOTHER KEY TO RETURN TO
1120 P R I N T . . . " E N T E R AMOUNT I N ST THE
OCK . " 3 0 6 1 IF I M K E V $ < .1 " " ThtN GOTO 306
1 1 3 0 INPUT fl(I,l)
114.0 I F fiil, 1) <0 THEN GOTO 1 1 3 ® 3 0 3 2 IF INKEY$ = " " THEN GOTO 3 0 3 2
1150 PRINT " B ";R(I.l) 30 a 3 I F I N K E Y $ = " D 1 THEN GOTO 306
11S® P R I N T , " E N T E R A M O U N T ON OR .3
OER . " 3034. CLS
1 1 7 0 INPUT A ( I , 2 > 3065 GOT u 2 0 0
1130 I F fl(I,2)<0 THEN GOTO 1 1 7 0 3063 FftST
11*0 PRINT " B "J R H j 2 ) 3039 FOR J = I + 1 TO NO
12G0 P R I N T , , " E N T E R , R E - O R D E R L E V :G90 LET H $ I J - l ) = f t $ ( J )
3 1 00 LET S i ( J - l ) = S i (J'j
1210 INPUT ft(1,3) — J. \-> F O R K - I T O 4-
1 2 2 0 I F R ' I ,, 3) < Q THEN GOTO 1 2 1 0 3 1 2 0 L ET ft i U - 1 K = A ( U , K >
1 2 3 0 P R I N T " O B " ; R { I . 3) 3 1 3 0 NEXT K
J.24 0 P R I N T .. , ENTER R E - O R D E R OUR NEXT .J
- • 1 * 0
N T m - . " 3 150 NEXT K
1230 INPUT A ( I .4 ) 3 1 6 0 P R I N T j , "PRODUCT D E L E T E D . "
1 2 6 0 I F R ( I . , 4 . j <0 THEN GOTO 1 3 5 0 3 1 6 5 SLOW
1270 PRINT " H " ; A ( 1 , 4 ) 3 1 7 0 GOTO 1 0 7 5
TRIL5?"INT " " E n T E R S U P P L I E R S DE 4 0 0 0 CLS
•4-010 P R I N T Z$
1 2 9 0 INPUT 5 $ ( I ) 4.02O INPUT &$
1 3 0 0 I F 5 $ ( I , TO 4 - ' = " " THFN •iuSfl I F £ * = " ' THEN GOTO 4 0 5 0
GOTO 1 2 9 0 m t , < 4 0 3 5 FftST
131© P R I N T S $ ( I ) 404-0 FOR 1 = 1 TO NO
4050 I F ft$(I, TO LEN E $ ) = B * THEN
iul®(YRORTN>?"RNY FURTHE* IT .GOTO 4 0 9 0
1330 I F INKEY $<>"*' THEN GOTO 133 4.060 NEXT I
0 4-065 SLOU
134-0 I F INKEY $ = " " THEN GOTO 134-0 4 0 7 0 GOTO 2 0 7 0
1350 LET Y $ = INKEY $ * O 9 0 SLOU
1 3 5 5 I F Y * = " Y " OR Y $ = " N " THEN CL -4-091 P R I N T . , E*
-4-092 P R I N T "TOTAL ST OCK = " ; A ( I > 1)
1360 I F VJ. = " Y " THEN GOTO 1000 4-ft ( I . 2 )
1370 I F _ Y $ = " N " THEN GOTO 2 0 0 4-095 P R I N T , , "ENTER AMOUNT RCMOU
1 3 6 0 GOTO 1 3 3 0 ED FROM S T O C K . "
5000 CLS 4 100 INPUT A
.5010 P R I N T 2 * •3-110 I F R < 0 THEN GOTO 4-100
2 0 2 0 INPUT B$
2 0 3 0 I F B * = " " THEN GOTO 2 0 2 0 ^ iTIWMTT• ~ T H n T T
O E N P R I W T
"
2 0 3 5 FftST *TOCK I S NOT YET A U A I L A B L E T
204-0 FOR 1 = 1 TO NO
2 0 5 0 I F A $ ( I , TO LEN E $ ) = B $ THEN eA'J^JfL*** fiND A ( 1 , 2) >0 TH
n , , " R U R I T I M Q DELIVERY
GOTO 2 0 6 0
2 0 6 0 NEXT I 4-113 I F ft i I . 1) +• A ( I , 2 ) CM THEN PPI
r ^ g c e >_Qt.J
NT , ."ORDER " ; ABS (A ( 1 , 1 ) + A ( I , 3 <
2070 P R I N T j , " P R O D U C T DOES NOT E -ft ) * " OF • —"
XIST ON F I L E . " 4-114 P R I N T .. , A * ( I )
2075 GOTO 1 0 7 5 4 119 I F A ( I , 1) - A < 0 THEN GOTO 414
2030 CLS 0
2035 SLOU 4.120 LET A ( 1 . 1) =A ( I , 1) - A
2090 P R I N T "PRODUCT D E T A I L S : - " •4.130 P R I N T "flB " , A
2100 PRINT , , R f ( I ) 4 1 4 0 P R I N T . . / ' A N Y FURTHER STOCK
2110 P R I N T , , " P H Y S I C A L STOCK •EMOUED ( Y / N ) 7 "
fl (I., l ) 4.150 I F INKEY$< > " " THEN GOTO 41S
2120 PRINT "QUANTITY ON ORDER
h • I , 2 i 4160 IF INKEY $ = ' THEN GOTO 4160
2130 PRINT "TOTAL STOCK 4170 IF I N K E Y $ = " Y " THEN GOTO 400
ft i I .. 1) -fft ( I 2 ) 0
214-0 P R I N T "RE-ORDER LEUEL 4-175 CLS
ft(1,3) -4-130 GOTO 2 0 0
2150 PRINT "RE-ORDER QUANTITY •5000 CLS
ft(1,4) -.0 10 P R I N T 2 $
2160 PRINT "SUPPLIER: 5 0 2 0 INPUT 5 $
66 ZX COMPUTING APRIL. MAY 1983

- 0 20 I F &; =' THEN GOTO S03O 6O40 IF B $ = " " THEN GOTO 6 0 5 0
5040 FR5T 604-5 PRINT "BQ " ; B f
5050 FOR 1 = 1 TO NO 6060 PRINT , , " S T A R T TAPE REORDER
5360 IF A $ ( I . TO L E N E$J =E $ THEN AND PRESS ANYKEY TO SAUE FILE."
GOTO 5100 807® IF INKEY $ < > " " THEN GOTO 807
5070 NEXT I a
5050 5LOU 3080 IF INKEY$ = " " THEN GOTO 8080
5050 GOTO 2070 •5090 SAUE B$
5100 SLOW •3100 CLS
5113 PR I N T j . Eft : 1 1 9 P R I N T " F I L E B $
5120 PRINT . ,. " E N T E R AMOUNT ON OR 6115 PRINT
OER . " •5120 GOTO 2 0 0
5130 I N P U T A 9000 FAST
5140 I F A < 0 T H E N GOTO 5130 9005 LPRINT "STOCK/SUPPLIERS LIS
515® P R I N T ESS
5160 L E T FI(I,2)
FOR 1=1 TO NO
5170 P R I N T ,,"ANY MORE STOCK ON 9020 IF A $ (I.. TO 6 I = " THE
ORDER (Y,'N)7" GOTO '.00
^160 I F INKEY $ < >"" T H E N GOTO 516 LPRINT
^0: LPRINT "STOCK REF. CODE."
5190 IF INKEY$ = " " THEN GOTO 5 1 5 0 ROIO LPRINT H $ ( I )
5230 IF INKEY$ — " Y " THEN GOTO 5 0 0 D«050 LPRINT "SUPPLIER."
2O60 LPRINT S $ (I)
=>210 CLS 90 70 NEXT I
5220 GOTO 2 0 0 55O0 CL.S
60OO CLS ^505 SLOU
5010 P R I N T 2 $ 9 5 1I? GOTO 20©
5020 INPUT 6 $
5030 I F 5 * = " " THEN GOTO 6QS0
604® FAST
5050 FOR 1 = 1 TO NO _ TIJCK CONTROL .
5060 I F A $ ( I . . TO LEN B * ) = B $ THEN
GOTO 6 1 0 0 OPTIONS:-
5070 NEXT I
5080 SLOU 1. ENTER NEU STOCK I T E M .
5090 GOTO £ 0 7 0 2. P R I N T ITEM D E T A I L S .
BIOS PRINT , .. B$ 3. DELETE OLD STOCK I T E M .
6110 P R I N T , , " E N T E R AMOUNT R E C E I 4. ENTER REMOUED STOCK.
UED. "
5 . E N T E R S T O C K ON ORDEK.
5120 INPUT A S .
7.
E N T E R
PRINT
S T O C K
ITEMS
R E C E I V E D .
TO RE —ORDER »
5130 LET fl(I,lJ = f i ( I . l ) tfl A. SAVE STOCK FILE.
5140 L E T A < I , 2 ) =A ( I .2 T -A 9. P R I N T ALL R E F . CODES
BL-R-O I F A < 1 . 2 J <Q T H E N LET A I.Z..Z. AND S U P P L I E R S .
=0
6160 P R I N T "|3B ";A CHOOSE OPTION C 1 - 9 J .
0170 P R I N T . ANY FURTHER STOCK
RECEIUED (Y ,-N J "
6160 IF INKEY$ < ; " " THEN GOTO SIS ENTER PRODUCT REFERENCE CODE.
FOOD ..'STOCK 02300
6190 I F INKEY $ = " " THEN GOTO 6 1 9 0
62O0 IF INKEY $ =" Y " THEN GOTO 600 ENTER AMOUNT IN STOCK.
y
5210 CLS 23
-•220 GOTO 200 TER RMOUN7 OM O R D E R .
.J "000 FAST J.
7005 LPRINT "PRODUCTS REQUIRING
(U RE -ORDER ING . " ZNTER R E - O R D E R LE'JEL .
7010 LPRINT —
7015 LET A =0 ZLNTER RE-ORDER QUANTITY.
7020 FOR 1 = 1 TO NO 2 0
7030 I F A * * I , TO 6) =" THE
N GOTO 7 5 0 0 ENTER SUPPLIERS DETAILS
H 7040 I F A i I .. 1 i tI s h ;A iI . £ THE B . BARTON. LTD.
•w N UOTO 7 2 0 0
7045 LET A = 1 AMY FURTHER NEU ITEMS <Y OR N>?
7050 LPRINT
7060 LPRINT "PRODUCT: - " PRODUCT D E T A I L S . -
7070 LPRINT A $ { I )
706O LPRINT " S U P P L I E R : FOOD/STOCK C230D
7090 LPRINT S $ ( I )
7100 LPRINT " R E - O R D E R QTY. ; A ( I PHYSICAL STOCK ; 23
Q U A N T I T Y ON O R D E R : 4-3
7110 LPRINT " T O T A L S T O C K ••
R E - O R D E R L C O E L 1 £
7200 N E X T I R E - O R D E R Q U A N T I T Y : 2 0
7500 C L S
7505 I F A = 0 T H E N LPRINT NONE."
SUPPLIER:-
0 7510 S L O U 5 . BARTON. LTD.
•0 7520 GOTO 200
3000 C L S PRESS " C " FOR COPY, ANY OTHER
AA^RA PR-XNT T A B e .: " S R O E J S T O C K f XL, KEY FOR MENU.
U •
P R O O y C T ^ E Q U I R I N ^ E ^ R D E R I ^
3020 PPINT ,^ E N T E R F I L E N A M E . "
•3030 INPUT B$ Example outputs from the program.
383 I ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1 9 8 3 67

BOOK REVIEWS
Bookshelf The Art Of

In the early chapters, Mr
Sinclair (no relation to the ob-
vious) introduces the RAM, the Programming The
ROM, the MPU and with clear 16K ZX81
examples describes the relation- — SM Gee and
Patrick Cain takes a long, ship between them. Subse-
quent chapters take task with M Jones
hard look at the latest binary and hexadecimal nota-
tion, introduce assembly
Adding memory to a computer
adds to the power and potential
publications for your zx language and examine the use of

registers. Each section is fully
of the computer. Efficient use of
the new potential often requires
library. highlighted by worked examples

that require and assume minimal
more advanced approaches to
programming. M James and SM
previous knowledge. Finally, Gee. authors of 'The Art Of Pro-
through the introduction of flow gramming the 1K Z X 8 1 ' , have
Introducing The 1 3 5 pages and seven diagrams, simple machine code written a follow-on book, not
Spectrum Machine appendices set out to give an ex- routines are developed. surprisingly called T h e Art Of
Code tensive, if not always detailed,
introduction to machine code
Throughout, the book is,
where possible, jargon free, the
Programming The 16K ZX81',
which looks at the enlarged
— lan Sinclair and the operations and func- text is always conscious that it scope of the ' 8 1 with a RAM
If you have only recently un- tions of the bits that lie below is aimed at newcomers and its pack and at p r o g r a m m i n g
packed your Spectrum then take the keyboard. The book will not, strength is that it never attempts techniques beyond those re-
heed; enjoy what you are doing and does not attempt to, turn to go too far into this confusing quired for the unexpanded
and the power a command of the reader into a competant subject too soon. However, machine.
BASIC gives you, and for a while machine code programmer, but where it is deficient is in the A l t h o u g h t h e Z X 8 1 has
steer clear of machine code. On that is not a shortcoming, it is number of final machine code many functions available, its
the other hand, if you are already designed to introduce machine program examples that are in- capability is greatly hampered
familiar w i t h Spectrum BASIC code to beginners (such is the cluded; but since a number of by its lack of memory. Similarly,
and are seeking to increase the nature and extent of the subject recommendations for further if your only user experience has
p o w e r and s p e e d of y o u r that no one book is sufficient to reading are made this is not such been w i t h a 1 K machine, your
m a c h i n e by p r o g r a m m i n g offer complete knowledge), a great problem. o w n programming ability may
directly in machine code then Whether it is your intention to be e q u a l l y r e s t r i c t e d . The
'Introducing Spectrum Machine become a master of machine authors have attempted to in-
Code' by lan Sinclair is a handy code or simply to make some crease the reader's skill in pro-
companion to have. sense of more advanced BASIC gramming now that the extra
programs, if you are well ac- memory has provided the oppor-
quanted w i t h BASIC then this tunity, a task which I think they
book will make your understan- have successfully met in this
ding of the Spectrum, and most pocket-sized edition.
other micros, far deeper.
/»HILMAY 1983
BOOK REVIEWS
Chapter one is an unnec- OK, how about starting from on it, there were a number of in- All t h i n g s c o n s i d e r e d if
essary justification for writing the beginning, 'The Art of Pro- teresting observations he came money is short and the manual is
the book and a wishy washy gramming the 1K Z X 8 1 ' is writ- up with. used in conjunction with this
commentary on the printer and ten by M James and SM Gee, Though the book was written book, then it would make a quite
RAM pack. Chapter t w o looks at and published by Bernard Babani for the complete novice, rather reasonable combination. JW
what extra memory the RAM Ltd. It is a thin volume of about much was presumed as far as
pack gives, what is stored 8 5 pages with a printer listing on previous experience was con- The Art Of Programming The IK
where and how to manipulate the front and the preface written cerned. Though some of the 2X81, published by Bernard
these memory locations for bet- on the back! The first thing you functions such as RAND were Babani, is written by M James
ter effect. Three utility programs come to inside the book is an ex- well explained, some functions and SM Gee and is priced at
Memory Use, Variable Use and panded version of what is writ- were not looked into in enough £1.95.
Line Remember are included in ten on the back cover. The con- detail, and gave cause for con- ISBN 0 85934 084 8
the following chapter to provide tents of the book are split UD into cern when it came to the pro-
the necessary knowledge and eight chapter headings: Making grams themselves.
assistance in putting larger pro- the most of your ZX81 (I seem Though the programs were The spectrum
grams together and subse-
quently into operation. In the
t o have heard that phrase
somewhere before); Random-
quite good, they were in some
ways too good and lost the
Companion
fourth chapter, there is an in- ness; Graphics; Moving reader, leaving him with major — Bob Maunder
terlude from the more serious graphics; PEEK and POKE; A doubts. Poor explanations were 'The ZX Spectrum Companion'
applications providing four good Sense of Time; Strings and given for some of the programs, by Bob Maunder is in design
Quality games programs. 'Depth Words; and finally. Hints and which meant that the reader similar to many other games
Charge' a missile and target tips. was often left with the feeling books published for the
game exemplifies p r a c t i c a l It is basically aimed at the that they did not, in fact, work! Spectrum. Many attempt to
methods for moving graphics owners of XZ81s who have I was quite amused by one o f f e r b o t h e x c i t i n g and
characters around the screen. mastered the basic operations comment in the first chapter ex- educational games that make
The others draw to notice of plugging it in and turning it on, plaining how the ZX81 is the full use of the Spectrum's
techniques like screen PEEKing but have had limited success successor to Sinclair's first capabilities and at the same time
andPQKEing, scrolling and pag w i t h the manual itself. A hand-held computer, the ZX80. aim to teach by a proliferation of
ed graphics, with simple ex- frightened yelp from the dog as t have heard the Sinclair Z X 8 0 methods the art of program
planations of where they might he hurriedly ducked to avoid a being called many a name, but writing. Boasts that are fulfilled
be put to good use. Understan- hurtling copy of the ZX manual never 'hand-held'!!! to varying degrees! With Mr
ding fancy techniques may be reminded me of the ideal person Though the book sets out Maunder's background as an
fine, but it is certainly of little use
to read the book, (no, not the quite admirably, it leaves some educationalist, it is natural that
unless you know how to incor- dog, he's more into Hi-res gaps, and, in fact, goes too far his book should lean more to
porate them into your o w n pro- graphics) — my younger brother too fast. Maybe with a little instruction.
grams. Thankfully, this wide who had always been keen to more time and twice as many The book begins by laying
ranging little book has taken this learn but had found the Sinclair pages, it could turn out to be a d o w n a 'good programming
too into consideration and later manual the major stumbling b e t t e r b o o k . But t i m e is practice' for designing Spect-
pages deal with designing larger block. Well, I thought, at least something that we do have, as rum games that takes the reader
programs. this book is a little thinner and already they have lost much of step by step from conceiving or
Equally well dealt with is stor- less likely to knock the dog un- their market in Britain with the translating an idea to a final
ing and recalling data from tape concious, so how about giving it introduction of the Spectrum. listing. To a beginner, any
and methods for improving the a try. After some long, quiet lessons on program writing by a
range of the printer. Finally, to evenings and many a mile of senior lecturer in Computer
whet your appetite further after printer paper with 'BMX'printed Science has got to be worthy of
putting the RAM pack to good notice. Has he been able to
use, there is a chapter that in- t r a n s l a t e his undoubted
troduces machine code. The in- knowledge effectively to print?
formation about f o r m a t t i n g Bob Maunder and I both feel
machine code routines is small that he has. From his early
but as a guide to just what is e n q u i r i e s a b o u t w h a t the
capable with machine code on a qualities of a good game are to
ZX81, it is complete. methods for translating the final
ideas into BASIC, the
The Art Of Programming The description at each methodical
16K ZX81 is published by Ber- stage is detailed and clear.
nard Babani, written by SM Gee Crystalising the idea - how the
and M Jones, costs £2.50 and game will start, what the play is
as a guide to the larger '81 it is expected to do, what will the
an excellent compliment. 110 GOTO 90 screen look like; s t e p w i s e
ISO LET
ISBN 0 85934 089 9 130 refinement of the program
1 4 0, « , TT O
O R
Q method and writing the basic
150 program are planned at each
160
The Art Of 170
180
stage before approaching the
computer better for getting
Programming The 190
? rid of bugs than D.D.T. Not then
l 00
1K2X81 10
L-CT H-0
3 too great a surprise to discover
-Mike James and 30 Si "GUESS that each of the 21 programs are
fc=T K =0 well structured, mindful of
SM cee
A review by James « I
R 1
TO LEN A* memory and an example to all of
us of the way programs ought to
Walsh be written.
Fading it difficult to do anything To be found with each of the
worthwhile in 1K RAM? Could programs is an account of its
this be the answer (well, it is purpose, an entry of the method
cheaper than a 16K RAM pack) VTO S i " used to create it and notes of
- at £1.95 what have you got e x p l a n a t i o n ; indeed each ^
to lose? includes an example of the ^

BOOK REVIEWS
guideline laid d o w n at the 2 0 , randomly selected between fortunate truth that good com- metal hook is guided along a
beginning of the book. one and 8 0 . The player is given puter programmers were not wire without allowing them to
Where unfortunately the pro- £ 2 0 pounds and has to bet this necessarily good inventors of come into contact and hence
grams have not followed the ex- on his choice. The game con- games. Why else w i t h so many cause a buzzer to sound. 'Spec-
ample of the guidelines has been tinues until the player runs out of game programs produced trum Invaders' was repetitive
in observing the qualities of a money or dies of boredom. In should 'Invaders', 'Asteroids' and tame, w i t h no battlements
good game. I found few of the fairness 'Sink the Ship', 'Simon' and their variants still be as to defend or hide behind and no
programs in the book to be par- and 'Dead Ducks' are worthy of popular? bonus points on offer. Of the
t i c u l a r l y g o o d ones. Seven mention. Of the others, the best Each of the 21 programs are others, 'Mirror Tile', a tile puzzle
categories of games are to be were those games which had well written and while lengthy w i t h an infinite number of solu-
found, number games, word been adapted from favourites are still within the range of the tions and 'Captive The Quark']
games, board, simulation, dice, such as 'Blackjack', 'Solitaire' 1 6K Spectrum. Each too has have been transformed sue ]
card and grid games. None of and ' C o n c e n t r a t i o n ' ; unfor- been dumped from PRINT to en- cessfulty to Spectrum and were
these, w i t h perhaps the excep- t u n a t e l y t h e y have gained sure no listing errors, and by probably the best.
tion of the simulation games, nothing in their translation to substituting for the ZX printer a T h r o u g h o u t , the graphics
seemed to make much of the computer, and frankly I would clearly legible printout has been were of a good standard and the
scope that the graphics on board rather play the originals attained. sound is used to great effect, no J
the Spectrum provide. While anytime. Accompanying texts include more so than in 'Spectrum!
both the sound and graphics a structure of the subroutines Ledger' — a simulation horse
were used in nearly all of the As a teaching manual on how to used, typing tips, each of which race that starts w i t h the com-!
games, their effect or applica- write games programs. The remind the user to look out for puter playing the tune Camp-
tion was not terribly impressive Spectrum Games Companion is the same things and equally t o w n Races. Unfortunately, the I
and certainly not utilised to their published by Linsac, written by w o r t h l e s s suggestions for game deteriorates somewhat j
full. The screen images and Bob Maunder and costs £5.95. future developments. 'Save the after this with the player asked I
sounds produced appeared to ISBN 0 907211 02 X Whale', for example, a program to bet on a race of five horses,
me to be more of an after- running to four pages in length The result is totally random and [
thought used because it was ex- might be altered by "adding a requires no skill. For entertat-f
pected, and not integral to the waterspout to the whale that nent value the game, like the I
programs themselves. w a s printed at every other player, is a loser.
m o v e " , personally I preferred to
'Save the Effort'. The Spectrum Book Of Games a 1
Of the games themselves, I written b y Mike James, SMGet
enjoyed 'Mighty Missiles' and and Kay Ewbank, published by
'Bobsleigh', both variations on Granada Publishing, contains I
old favourites, and a new one 2 1 programs and costs £5.95. |
called 'Guideline', a develop- ISBN 0 246 12047 9
ment of the game in which a
ft
The essence of many of the The Spectrum
games seemed to be number Book Of Games
m a n i p u l a t i o n , like the t y p e
which were available on
— M James, SM Gee
previous generation computers, and K Ewbank
before the development of user ' T h e S p e c t r u m B o o k Of
graphics. 'Money Match' is one Games', a clearly printed well
of this type, based on the labelled compendium of game
American casino game Keno, it programs by three authors, M
s JAMES
M.GEEANn>KA\
requires the player t o guess J a m e s , SM Gee and Kay
eight numbers from a series of Ewbank, is a witness to the un-
70
i
BOOK REVIEWS
Microchips with manner of true discussion the
v i e w s of many sides of society
Everything were represented. Each of the
- Edited by Paul meetings had specific subjects
Sieghart to debate: 'I.T. Doom or Boom',
'The Third World', 'Indepen-
As the user of a microcomputer, dence or Dependence', 'Work
youare in contact w i t h the latest and/or Leisure?', 'Privacy: A
technology. Growing side by Free or Secret State?', 'The
side with the microcomputer is Mass Media: Diversity or Stan-
something infinitely larger. Both dardization?'; each is given a
owe their e x i s t e n c e t o the chapter of the book. Those of-
microchip. C o u p l e d t o t h e fering the views reflect a variety
advancements in communica- of interests; Shirley Williams
tions, the microchip is responsi- and Christopher Price, b o t h
ble for Information Technology M.P.s; Mike Cooley and Clive
(I T.). I.T. is so significant that Jenkins, both Trade Unionists.
(he Government called 1 9 8 2 Also included were Brenda Mad-
the Year o f Information dox representing e c o n o m i s t s
Technology, it prompted en- and Dr John Dawson represen-
quiries and discussions from all t i n g the medical profession. tists to welcome their n e w f o u n d be asked of I.T., the speakers
corners of Great Britain. I.T. is so David Fairbairn and Jonathan baby; but the consequences of bring a depth of understanding
significant that it will sooner Gershinny f r o m the field of I.T. are so far reaching that the beyond most of us, a wealth of
rather than later affect you. It is science and others w h o were views of all of the contributors specialist knowledge and a deal
also the subject of a new book considered or consider are w o r t h taking notice of. of forethought. Those questions
published to question I.T. themselves to be concerned suf- Is it as it is claimed to be 'an will remain unanswered well in-
'Micro-Chips W i t h Every- ficiently to voice their opinion unusually powerful opportunity t o the future but that is no
thing' is not a book of detail or in- are also represented. And, as to reduce the gap between the reason for not asking them in
struction, rather it is one of the books preface rightly points developed . . and the develop- the first place. I.T. is likely to,
discussion. More accurately of o u t , I.T. is the c o n c e r n of ing world' or wilt it 'increase in- whatever you do, affect you; it
live discussions that took place everyone and not the preserve equalities between the First and is w o r t h y of your concern.
during t.T. year at the invitation of those in power or those at Third World Countries?' Can w e
of the Institute of Contemporary play w i t h user ports behind dark 'use it for welfare to create jobs'
Arts. The subject discussed at doors. or will it 'deny human beings any Micro-Chips With Everything, is
each of the meetings was I.T.'s Of course, politicians can be f o r m of self expression and edited by Paul Sieghart, publish-
consequences: The Social and relied upon to give their political reduce them to an appendage of ed by Cornedia and costs
Political Implications of Informa- play, conservationalists can be the machine?', fn answering the C 3.95.
tion Technology, and in the expected to cry wolf and scien- many questions that continue to ISBN 0 906890 32 2
ZX Computing Software
Typing Traumas?
If you're tired of typing, w h y not
give your fingers a rest and let
zx utility 1 Please send me. .copy(s) Please send me. .copy(s7|
of ZX Games 1. of ZX Utility 1.
ASP Software take the strain. Spectramon — A Spectrum I am enclosing my (delete as necessary)
ASP Software n o w proudly monitor for the 4 8 K Spectrum. cheque/postal order/international Money
boast two software packages This program will print or display Orderfor C
selected from within the pages the contents of ROM or RAM in (made payable to ASP Ltd)
of ZX Computing. numeric, character or assembly Off
language form. Addresses may Debit my Access/Barclaycard*
be entered in decimal or hexa- (* delete as necessary)
m
decimal, and the user may select
zx Games 1 the base used for output.
Spectrum Breakout — You have Each tape is tried and tested,

Please use BLOCK CAPITALS and include post codes.
five chances to demolish the and w o u l d be a welcome addi-
multi-coloured wall. tion to your software library.
N A M E (Mr, Ms)
Defending Your Spectrum — Both tapes are now available
Defend the Earth from the in- at £ 5 . 9 9 each inclusive of V A T
ADDRESS
vading aliens. and postage and packing. To ob-
tain one of these tapes, simply
Drainpipes — A Spectrum adap- fill in the form and return it to the
tation of the classic mechanical following address:
arcade game. POSTCODE
Spectrum Maze — All you have ASP Software, Signature . .
to do is to get out of the maze as ASP Ltd,
Quickly as you can. Sounds 1 4 5 Charing Cross Road, Date
easy,..
London W C 2 H OEE. L

TASWORD
"Very good value and great fun to use."
"Unreservedly recommended."
Popular Computing Weekly 19 8 8 2 - 2X81 Tasword
N o w y o u r S p e c t r u m b e c o m e s a w o r d processor with
T A S W O R D . Alt the f e a t u r e s of the Z X 8 1 T a s w o r d plus m a n y £1 DEMONSTRATION CASSETTE
extras. D e s i g n e d to fully utilise the capacity a n d capabilities of S e e for yourself w h a t T A S W O R D can do. S e n d just £1 for a
y o u r 4 8 K S p e c t r u m . M o r e t h a n 6K of m a c h i n e code, a Basic d e m o n s t r a t i o n cassette. This cassette contains the T A S W O R D
p r o g r a m , a n d a m a n u a l , to give y o u a u s a b l e a n d p o w e r f u l p r o g r a m (with s o m e facilities inhibited) a n d a text file w h i c h
package. describes and d e m o n s t r a t e s t h e p e r f o r m a n c e a n d features of
U s e T A S W O R D to p r o d u c e y o u r letters, essays, papers, T A S W O R D . A voucher is i n c l u d e d w h i c h gives y o u 5 0 p off t h e
records, lists, a n d for a l m o s t any task that requires the written price of T a s w o r d .
word.
W h e t h e r y o u h a v e serious applications or s i m p l y w a n t to
learn a b o u t w o r d processing, T A S W O R D m a k e s it easy and
enjoyable. TASMAN SOFTWARE
T A S W O R D TUTOR 17 HARTLEY CRESCENT LEEDS LS6 2LL
"an eloquent demonstration of Tasword's uses"
W e s e n d y o u a m a n u a l a n d a cassette. T h e cassette contains
T A S W O R D a n d T A S W O R D T U T O R . This teaches you w o r d
processing using T A S W O R D .
ZX81 TASWORD
T a s w o r d for the Z X 8 1 (16K) is still available at £6 50. N o
d e m o n s t r a t i o n cassette a v a i l a b l e but s e n d 5 0 p (refundable
against your subsequent purchase of Z X 8 1 T a s w o r d l for a
£ 7 . 9 5 f u l l y i n c l u s i v e mail o r d e r p r i c e copy of t h e m a n u a l
J
SOUND with SINCLAIR Destroyers
IMMCT
f w Scsnand •
1 6 & 4 8K
SOFTWEAR
cow MMy H t * n tx I
C«*al
ZX
Fa
Spectrum
E
MAKE AMAZING SOUND EFFECTS New and original arcade gome in r t a l lime. Written m high
WITH YOUR ZX 81. tpeed machine cod* with h i - r<> graphics, lull colour and
sound i l l t d i . T i i l your skill ogoinsi the a w e s o m e ona
TIMEX Sinclair 1000 v a r y i n g f i r e p o w e r of t h » d i f f e r e n t w a v e s of 'he
or SPECTRUM octroy.,,. Hi9h score saved. £ 6"SO
THE ZON X
£25.95
inclpip & VAT
• The ZON SOUND UNIT is completely sett-contained and especially 48K ZX Spectrum
des^ned (or uiC with the ZX 81 TimEX Sinclair 1000 and Spectrum
Computers l! |ust tH-jgs in — up demanding or soldering First f u e l i l y slat Ireh game in r e a l time with h l - r e s
• N o power pack, tetter e s loads o ' other emras * graphics pi u l t o n t l o n i on screen display o ' g o l a x y map_
• M a n u a l V o l u m e C o n t r o l o n p a n e l — ample v o l u m e I r o m ouilt->o loud- Ion* »«»#• sialuos report.
speatt'f
• Standard Sinclair — 16K Rampacti or printer c a n b e plugged > n i o / O N x
Ovor twenty lonondi with fvll colour ond
S o u n d Unit witMjut a'tecrmg normal computer operatior s o u n d effects.
f
• Huge range ot possible sounds tor Games Mus>c Helicopters So-Fi. this g a m * p r e v i d e i a r e a l challengt
Space invaders Enp'wons Gun-shOi» Or>*ns. Ptanes Lasers Organs
Beits Tunes Oords. etc or whatever you dev>se' (or rhe ZX Spectrum game playei.
• 8 t u i l octaves U s e s 3 - C h a n n e l s o u n d c n i p giving programme control Ot
p i l c h vo!.,"ie ot l o n e s a n d n o s e .i w i n e n v e l o p e contro
• EaSity a d d e d to existing g a m e s or programmes us*ng a low simple

BASIC lines or machine codO
• No memory addresses used — IO mapped
F U L L Instructions with m a n y e i a m p l t s of h o w to o b t a i n e t l e c t t a n d
the p r o g r a m m e s , s u p p l i e d . Fully g u a r a n t e e d British M a d e .
'Encepi wilt) Spectrum you need ifte Spectrum £<fension Board

Otdor 1V0 SEt PRICE £6 80 inc. VAT
rr-i Payment may tx- made by Cheque P O
G to No 368 7006 Pos'a Order Of Credit
Card
Export orders • Ban- C h e q u e Interna
tional M o n e y O r d e r U S • or f Stoning
BI-PAK^' ACCKS A VISA 0CC«p'«C

Mng 0920 3W2 tor
immedkne oeipoith
72 Z X C O M P U T I N G A P R I L . MAY 1983
ZX 81 SOFTWARE
FROM EASTERN SOFTWARE
The following cassettes are now available lor the I6KZX81
PONTOON
The computer acts as banker Cat- vou overcome the odds win1
FRUIT MACHINE . 111-' . • : • i .•.
eicerese'flea-st'Cscroc-fi display and random hold Probably ol any *mr-.ing l.ne
COCOilOnd! 10 the pay out
DRAUGHTS 1, .1 tf - - • • v.i .t- • r... . ^ .11 : •:
I M U t t ATTACK The missiles move randomly towards earth you musl destroy
Ihem Deioii! they land Scow points 'oi each HI: K»< points il THS-, .• •• oicts
EDUCATIONAL C A S S E T T E S (16K)
TAPE 1 (Suitable lor * lo S year old*) •, 1
v'Suai osctirrxiaton 2 Counting objects 3 Ordering of heahts
Tape 2 (Suitable lor 5 lo 6 year old*) 1 Counting ipre-addiion/subtraction activity)
2 Wait less than 3 Completion ol mathematical statements 4 Word substitution
Tape } (Suitable tor fi lo 7 year oldi) ' t.' P- -
3 Comprehension
Al 49C-S arc apprommate Details on 1*><? contenss ol each program and instructions tor
a^'ing ! r * programs [for tun variety) arc supoifedwith each edwcat<onal cassette
' WANTED * Top prices paid 'or original programs Write lor further details
r To: E A S T E R N S O F T W A R E . D E P T Z X C . P.O. BOX 169.
H I G H W O R T H , S W I N D O N SN6 7ES.
J Cheques.' PO's payable to "Eastern Software" P & P 40p lor each order
All Four G a m e s O n l y £ 4 . 9 5 Tick Box •
All Three Educationa P a c k a g e s O n l y £4.95 Tick Box •
| Piease send mo by relurn
Item Price No.
Pontoon Ct 95 NAME
Draughts £1 9 5
M-ssi:e Allacx ADDRESS
£i 95
Fruit Machine C1 95
Educaton Tape 1 £2 49
Education Tape 2 £2 49
Education Tape 3 £2 49
Lmsac's ZX Companion series has received excellent press

reviews
o nvt
"Far and away the best" — Your Computer
£S 9 5
Thoughtfully written, detailed and illustrated with
meaningful programs outstandingly useful" - EZUG
I T h e S p e c t r u m G a m e s C o m p a n i o n ' is the latest addition

to the series and is aimed at the games player and
programmer alike Twenty one games designed specifically
for the ZX Speclrum are included, with clear instructions on
eniry and play. Each program is explained fully with
complete details on how it is designed and written.
Introductory chapters show how to set up and use the
Spectrum and how to create your own games. Later
sections cover number games, word games, board games,
simulation games, dice games, card games and grid games
If you want to enjoy your ZX Spectrum and learn its secrets
at the same time then this is the book for you!
Bob Maunder is c&authcw of The ZX80 Companion and author of

The ZX81 Companion He is a Senior Lecturer in Computer
Science at Teesside Polytechnic, holds an MSc degree in Computer
Science, and is a Member of the British Computer Society.
T h e S p e c t r u m G a m e s C o m p a n i o n is available from good

book shops, or send f 5 95 to:
LINSAC, ( ) 68 B a r k e r Road. M i d d l e s b r o u g h ,
C l e v e l a n d TS5 5ES
L Postage IS free within the UK add ft for Europe or f? 50
B o b Maunder I outside Europe
ISBN 0 907211 02 X
SPECTRUM UTILITY
Machine code
colour graphics
Robert Erskine shows you how
The program incorporates a
routine which calculates which
of the three screen zones the
to speed up your colour current character will occupy

and selects the corresponding
graphics on the zx Spectrum.

display addresses accordingly.
This ensures that if the graphic
crosses a border between zones
then the relative positions of the
Although Spectrum BASIC is age can be printed anywhere, in You will then be asked to input characters are maintained.
fairly fast, there are many occa- spite of the peculiar design of each of the displacements bet-
sions when it is not nearly fast the Sinclair display file. w e e n the characters. These The sky's the limit
enough; particularly when you Line 9 0 of Demo holds the refer to attribute file displace-
There is no limit to the size of the
need to print large or multiple im- machine code data of Grafprint ments so that one square to the
data file which can be used by
ages to the screen. and line 1 0 0 holds the data for right = 1, one square below =
Grafprint, other than the size of
The most efficient way of the graphic. 3 2 , and so on. You may then sit
your machine's memory, and if
solving this problem is to use The Grafprint program is back and hum a little tune for a
files are built up section by sec-
machine code routines to do the designed to be loaded from ad- few seconds whilst Grafcode
tion, there is no limit to the dif-
job, for the speed of the Spec- dress 3 2 3 0 0 to address 3 2 4 1 1 translates your handiwork into a
ferent shapes you can store. I
trum's microprocessor is such and therefore RAMtop should be sequential data file which can be
Having used 21 user defined
that several graphics, or even at 3 2 2 9 9 or less. The first eight accessed by Grafprint.
graphics in a picture you can
the entire screen, can be printed convert it to data using Graf- I
in a small fraction of a second. code, store it temporarily on I
Although there is a routine in the tape and continue with a new I
ROM which enables you to do set of graphics, bringing the I
this (using an RST 10 instruc- whole lot together in one file |
tion! the process can be rather w h e n y o u have finished. I
long winded unless each Graphics involving circles and I
character in the graphic follows other shapes can equally be I
the previous one on the screen. stored.
Furthermore, since this routine If y o u i n t e n d t o move I
draws its graphics symbols from graphics rapidly around the I
existing memory, you will bytes are used as temporary Having loaded Grafprint and screen using Grafprint, it will be |
always be confined to using the pigeon holes by the main pro- prepared your data file, the next n e c e s s a r y t o e r a s e each I
standard character set and user gram, which starts at 3 2 3 0 8 . step is to load the start address preceding image before printing I
defined graphics. Although Grafprint can be mov- of the data file into 3 2 3 0 2 / 3 the next. One way of doing this I
What would be ideal would ed elsewhere in memory, it con- and the attribute address of the is to use a machine code I
be a program which enables you tains references to these first chosen screen location into equivalent of PRINT OVER, say I
to 'read' every byte of your most eight bytes and these would 3 2 3 0 0 / 1 . Obviously in a mov- by holding a blank graphic of the I
complex graphic masterpieces therefore have to be changed. ing g r a p h i c s p r o g r a m , t h i s same size and shape as the I
and store them away in RAM for would be done in machine code. original and using Grafprint to I
Grafcode is a BASIC program
instant recall to any position on To print the graphic to the print it over the top. In some I
which generates data files of
the screen. The t w o programs in screen, simply enter the com- cases, it will be sufficient to |
graphics for Grafprint. To use it,
this article, Grafcode and Graf- mand RANDOMIZE USR clear the screen between each I
first create your graphic image
print, are designed to do exactly 32308. printing because the speed of |
(or t e x t ) a n y w h e r e on the
that. Grafprint works by moving a machine code is such that the il-
screen, preferably from the top
left-hand corner where you can pointer around the attributes file lusion of continuous action wiH
Dynamic duo find the start address easily. The of the Spectrum and loading the be maintained. Screen clearing
Grafprint is a machine code pro- image may be created in the nor- a t t r i b u t e s of t h e c u r r e n t can be achieved by filling all the
gram which builds up a graphic mal way, using BASIC colour c h a r a c t e r i n t o an address, display file addresses with zeros
image on the screen, including c o m m a n d s , user d e f i n e d followed by the corresponding and all the attribute addresses
attributes, from a data file held in graphics and so on. Then, when eight display file bytes for each with an appropriate code. If the
memory. It can either be called it is ready, activate Grafcode by character. The data file which it background to your moving
from within a BASIC program or entering the command GO TO reads is formatted so that each graphics is complex and you
incorporated in a larger machine 9 6 0 0 . On no account RUN the character is represented by 10 don't wish to clear it between
code program where it can be program or your splendid new bytes. The first byte holds the moves, you can store a com-
u s e d t o g r e a t e r e f f e c t in handiwork will disappear displacement between the cur- plete copy of the screen above
generating laser fire or swoop- without trace. rent character and the one RAMtop using a block move
ing aliens. before, the second holds the at- routine in machine code and
The Demo program illus- What's in store? tributes code and the remaining reprint it to the screen between
eight hold the graphic image. moves by means of a similar
trates Grafprint at work, printing You will then be prompted to in-
The data for the first character in routine. Since this technique
a large green moon lander at the put the address from which you
a graphic also uses 10 bytes but uses up nearly seven thousand
top left of the screen. By altering want the graphics data to be
i n s t e a d of s t a r t i n g w i t h a bytes of RAM it is hardly worth
lines 2 0 and 3 0 which hold the stored, the first attribute ad-
displacement value, it holds the contemplating on a 16K Spec-
low and high byte values of the dress currently occupied by the
total number of characters in the trum, unless the rest of your pro-
first attribute position on the graphic and the number of
graphic. gram is entirely in machine code.
screen, you will see that the im- character squares in the graphic.

SPECTRUM UTILITY
8
Enter as a direct command:
R R N D O M I Z E U S R 3 2 3 0 8
The moon lander graphic printed when the Demo program is RUN.
1 REM DEMO crafprint disassembled
1® CL.ERR 3 2 2 9 9 Haar Hex code
20 POKE 3 2 3 0 0 , 0 7E2C
30 POKE 3 2 3 0 1 , © 8 7E2D
oo Mneumonie
40 POKE 3 2 3 0 2 > 1 5 6 58
50 POKE 3 2 3 0 3 , 1 2 6 7E2E 9C
60 FOR x = 3 2 3 0 8 TO 3 2 4 5 1 7E2F 7E
70 READ b y t e . POKE x > b y t e 7E30 000000
80 NEXT x 7E33 00
9 0 D A T R 4 - 2 , 4 6 , 1 2 6 , 2 3 5 , 4 - 2 , 4 4 , 1 2 7E34 2A2E7E
t ^ A f ^ A 4 ® ' 1 2 6
' ' 2 6 , 1 1 9 , 2 1 3 , 3 4 , 7E37 EB ° HL, (7E2Eh)
7E38 2A2C7E * DE.HL
I I ' 5 J' ' ' 1 7 *0 > 2 4 ' 1 6 7 <237 * 7E3B
7E3C
1A •J HL,(7E2Ch)
32307E i A,(DE)
1 3 7 , 8 2 , 5 6 , 1 1 , 4 2 , 5 0 , 1 2 6 , 1 7 , 0 7E3F 13 > (7E30h|,A
, 1 7 , 1 6 7 , 2 3 7 , 8 2 , 2 4 , 9 , 4 2 , 5 0 , 1 2 6 , 1 7 7E40 1A C OE
ig , 1 0 , 1 6 7 , 2 3 7 , 8 2 , £ ® 9 , 1 9 , 6 8 , 2 6 , 1 7E41 77 ' A,(DE)
1 9
' 2 4
' 2 4 7
' 4 2
' 5 0
' 1 2 6 7E42 D5 c u (HL).A
7E43 22327E 'SH OE
' a ® J 7 9
' 9 * 2 4 ' 7E46 EB !7E32h),HL
B 1
f o 7- 7 D 3 2 ^ t ' f ^ £ 3 ' 1 2 7 ' 2 2 5 1 2 5 5 , 2 5 7E47 0E,HL
A j £ A | ' 3 1 a 1 a 6 0 , 2 5 2 , 2 5 4 , 1 3 5 , 2 5 5 21FF58
7E4A HL,58FFh
, ^ 5 5 , 2 5 4 , 2 5 2 , 2 4 8 , 3 1 , 6 ® , , 24-, 4 © , A7
7E4B D A A
ED52
t A ? 4 1 2 8 , 1 , 6 0 , 2 4 0 , 2 4 , 1 7E4D HL,DE
380B
.110 P R I N T RT 2 0 , 0 , " E n t e r
, 1 , 1 , 1
as a d 7E4F
2A327E C, + OBh
7E52
ZC* L4R C S25SS* " ^
: ; 2 1
' ®' " R R N D ° M 1 7E55
110018
A7
HL,(7E32h)
DE, 1 8 0 0 h
The listing of the Demo program. 7E56 5
A,A
ED52
7E58
1 REM GRRFCODE 7E5A
1820 HL,DE
9600 PRINT RT 2 1 , 0 , E n t e r d a t a s ED5B327E + 20h
tart" 7E5E
21FF59 OE,(7E32h)
9605 INPUT d a t a - LET d a t =d a t a 7E61
A7 HL,59FFh
9610 P R I N T RT 2 1 , 0 ; " E n te r first 7E62
ED52 A,A
att a d d r e s s " 7E64
380B HL,DE
9615 INPUT a t t 7E66
2A327E C. + OBh
9520 P R I N T RT 2 1 , 0, How many cha 7E69
110011 HL,(7E32h)
ratters in g r a p h i £ '> " 7E6C A7 DE, 1 1 0 0 h
9625 INPUT C h a r ; D I M d ( 1) ; I F C h 7E6D A, A
ar > 1 THEN D I M d ( c h a r - 1 ) 7E6F
ED52
9630 POKE d a t a , c h a r : LET d a t a = d a 7E71
1809 HL.DE
ta + 1 2A327E + 09h
9632 I F c h a r = 1 THEN GO TO 9 6 5 5 7E74 11OOOA HL,(7E32h)
9635 FOR x = l TO c h a r - 1 7E77 A7 DE.OAOOh
9637 P R I N T RT 2 1 , 0 , ".. 7E78 ED52 A,A
7E7A HL,DE
9 6 4 . 0 PRINT RT 2 1 , 0 ; " D i s p L a c e » e n t 7E7B
D1
'i . . 11v ^ M 13 DE
, A , 7E7C
9645 INPUT d ( x ) 0608 DE
7E7E B,08h
3650 NEXT x 7E7F
1A
9655 FOR x = l TO c h a r 7E80
77 A,(DE)
9660 POKE d a t a , P E E K att 05 (HL),A
9665 I F a t t < 2 2 7 8 4 THEN GO TO 969 7E81 2804 B
S 7E83 24 2, + 0 4 h
9670 I F att<23040 THEN GO TO 968 7E84 13 H
5 7E85 18F7 DE
9675 LET by t e =a t t - 2 5 8 0 7E87 2A327E - 09h
9680 GO TO 9 7 0 0 7E8A 3A307E HL.F7E32HJ
9685 LET b y t e t t - 4 3 5 2 7E8D 0601 A,(7E30h)
9690 GO TO 9 7 0 0 7E8F B,0lh
9695 LET b y t e = a t t - 5 1 4 4 7E90
90
9700 LET count=0 7E91
C8 A,B
9705 LET d a t a = d a t a + l 7E94
32307E Z
9710 POKE d a t a , P E E K byte 7E95
13 (7E30h),A
9715 LET c o u n t = c o u n t + l 7E96
1A DE
9720 I F c o u n t = 8 THEN GO TO 9735 0600 A,(DE)
9725 LET b y t e = b y t e + 2 5 6
7E98
4F B,OOh
973® GO TO 9 7 0 5 7E99
09 C,A
9735 LET d a t a = d a t a + l 7E9A
18A3 HL.BC
9740 I F x < c h a r THEN POKE d a t a , d (
7E9C
0138F0 -5Dh
x) BC,F038h
9745 IF x < char THEN LET a 1 1 x a 1 1 + Control Bytes
d (x>
9750 LET d a t a d a t a + 1
9755 NEXT x
9760 PRINT RT 2 1 , 0 ; " D o n e - f rom
dat
9765 STOP
The listing of the Grafcode program.

[SOFTWARE REVIEW!
The Hobftit
possible, in fact to such an ex- the famous wizard, Gandalf the
tent that a copy of the book is Grey, who is usually not far
supplied with the program in away.
order to provide additional clues. The program is written in
Also part of the package is a 16 4 0 K of machine code and data,
page book of i n s t r u c t i o n s , so it takes about four minutes to
Phil Carratt, after a brief although if you find the prospect
of digesting them not to your lik-
load. While you are waiting, you
have an impressive picture to
sojourn in Middle Earth, ing, there's nothing to stop you
rushing headlong into the enter-
look at of Smaug and the Lonely
Mountain which contains his
takes time off to tell us prise. After all. that's what Bilbo
did! The instruction book is well-
lair. The program starts by draw-
ing a colour picture of Bilbo's
what he found there. structured and clearly laid out,
although disappointingly lacking
nice bright hobbit-hole, com- i
plete with round green door and
in hints! wooden chest waiting to be
filled w i t h dragon's plunder.
The Hobbit some Tolkein fans dissect the Enter the dragon The use of graphics is one of
the features which makes The
books for allegorical meaning,
- Melbourne never intended by the author. So The game is set in Middle Earth Hobbit special. The adventure
House it takes a brave group of people during its Third Age, when it contains something like 8 0 loc-
to set out on an 18 month was inhabited by all manner of ations, of which no less than 30
Once upon a time, a young pro- adventure to re-write The Hob- creatures, long before the world are illustrated. The graphics are
fessor, bored to distraction with bit as a c o m p u t e r g a m e . was overrun by Man. You take based on drawings commis-
marking School Certificate ex- Fortunately for 48K Spectrum the role of Bilbo, the hobbit of sioned from the artist Kent Rees.
am papers, wrote on a blank owners, the team at Melbourne the title, and your task is to steal and while none of them are quite j
sheet of paper 'In a hole in the House have managed it, and in treasure from a dragon, 'a most as elaborate as the picture of
ground there lived a hobbit'. pretty good style too. specially greedy, strong and Smaug, they do contain a re-
That was over fifty years ago, You may wonder how it wicked worm called Smaug'. In markable amount of detail. Bv
and at the time neither the pro- could have taken 18 months, the book. Bilbo has 13 dwarves using special techniques, each I
fessor, J R R Tolkien, nor anyone when the Spectrum has been to help him get there and (hope- p i c t u r e is s t o r e d in only I
else had any idea what a hobbit available for less than a year. fully) back again, but in the pro 3 , 0 0 0 - 4 , 0 0 0 b y t e s . The
was. Eventually the story was The answer is that the program gram you have just one compa- outline is drawn very quickly,
told, and ever since, The Hobbit was originally being developed nion, Thorin Oakenshield. He is but the filling in w i t h colour is I
has been one of the most on a TRS-80, but was converted an ' e n o r m o u s l y i m p o r t a n t done line by line and so does I
popular and best loved to the Spectrum in order to make dwarf' not least because w e are take a few seconds. It can be I
children's books. Its popularity use of high resolution colour warned that if he gets killed, slightly tedious when the same I
and that of The Lord of the Rings graphics. The plot of the adven- Bilbo is most unlikely to survive. picture keeps being re-drawn, I
which followed, is matched only ture has been designed to follow Along the way you will meet but this is only a minor drawback I
by the seriousness w i t h which the original book as closely as elves, wolves and ores as well as as the addition of graphics as I

SOFTWARE REVIEW!
i in
ata,
sto
you
i to
lely
his
3W-
to's
and
be
i Of
The
ure
oc-
30
are
-ris-
es,
jite
of
re-
By
Jch
ily
he
fly,
r is
>es
be
me
vn,
ick
as
Some sample screen illustrations from the program, The Hobbrt

good as these adds a w h o l e n e w ' c o m m u n i c a t i o n w i n d o w ' in yet developed on any micro. tempt to cross the enchanted
dimension to the a d v e n t u r e . which you type your commands You can enter quite long river by saying 'Cross', the pro-
and if the computer doesn't sentences, such as 'Attack the gram says 'You cross', but
Picture this understand or cannot carry out
your request, a message is dis-
warg carefully with the knife' when you look around you find
and 'Pick up the rope and that you are, in fact, still stuck
Once you have admired the pret- played here. The lower display is sword'. More than one sentence on the original side.
ty picture, pressing any key made up of standard 3 2 char- can even be entered, up to a
gives the written description of acters per line capitals. Some
keys have special meanings —
maximum of 128 characters.
The authors claim a vocabulary
Cries for help.
the location. This also has some
special features. Firstly, the '?' means repeat the command, of more than 5 0 0 words, which Several special commands are
screen is split into t w o 'win- 5, 6, 7 and 8 can be used to is extraordinarily large. Vet, also available. 'Print' copies
dows', the top 17 lines being move West, South, North and despite the size it is very quick, everything in the upper, nar-
used for the illustrations, the East, 0 deletes the last character although the system is not rative window to the printer.
narrative descriptions and res- entered and Shift 0 deletes the perfect. For example 'light' is a The graphics displays are not
ponses from the various char- whole line. command common to many copied, which is perhaps just as
acters. This is in upper and lower Commands are entered using adventures, and is accepted in well as it would slow d o w n the
case, and by redefining the char- what the authors have named The Hobbrt, although nothing game if they were, and also the
acter set. the output is displayed Inglish, which they claim is the happens and the curious black and white result wouldn't
with 42 characters per line. The most sophisticated natural message 'You light' is do justice to the c o l o u r f u l
bottom 5 lines make up the language recognition program displayed. Similarly, if you at- designs. Your commands are
77 ZX COMPUTING APRIL. MAY 1 9 8 3

[SOFTWARE REVIEW]
not sent to the printer, so you drastically rewrote the book by uncharacteristically indecisive- that the staff on the Sinclair
cannot necessarily use the out- killing me off and sending me ly, by continually giving and stand (when not selling hun-
put to follow an earlier path. back to the start. 'Help' is a very then taking back a curious map. dreds of Spectrums) have been
Still, Bilbo is meant to be fond of useful command, and will quite Also, Thorin seems to either deeply engrossed in playing The
making and reading maps! 'No- often give a hint as to the way wait, enter, say 'Hurry up' or Hobbit rather than any of the
print' turns the printer o f f . out of your latest predicament. start singing about gold, ap- d o z e n s of o t h e r programs
'Save' saves your current posi- Two other features of The parently at random. available on their stand. The fact
tion on tape; just the necessary Hobbit that the authors are very that they had neither solved nor
data is saved, so it only takes 3 0
seconds. The program doesn't
proud of are 'Animtalk' and A wizard game tired of this program says quite a
'Animaction*. The first allows lot! It is certainly a marvellous
use the standard ROM routine, you to speak to anyone present Despite having only explored game, which should set the
and I found that the tape posi- so, for example, you can enter little more than an eighth of standard for future Spectrum
tion was important as starting 'Say to Thorin "examine the 'Wilderland', I have seen nine adventures. However, in spite
too early gave a tape loading er m a p ' " , and he will either res- graphic locations and picked up of the excellent graphics and
ror. The data saved can also be pond or say 'No', depending on which I assume will have some packaging, I feel that C14.95 is
verified before continuing, and his mood. 'Animaction' refers to purpose. ! haven't yet found a a rather high price for a program
is reentered w i t h 'Load'. the fact that all the animals and way into the roots of the Misty which is clearly going to sell
'Score' tells you how far into individuals have an independent Mountains, but I hope I will as I many thousands of copies.
the adventure you have delved, character and will be moving greatly look forward to the riddle
based on the percentage of the around and making decisions on contest with Gollum (inciden-
locations you have discovered. I their own, without waiting for tally the riddles are different to The Hobbit is available from
never managed to get very far at you to do anything. So far about the ones in the book, not surpri- Melbourne House, 131
all before a troll, warg, or some the only animaction I have singly!). At a couple o f recent Trafalgar Road, London SE10'
other unidentified creature witnessed is Gandalf behaving micro exhibitions I have noticed and branches of WH Smith.

ZX80 CAME
You begin this game with £ 1 0 0
rn your pocket, and each time
you make a bet on a horse, your
stake money is set at £ 1 0 . If
your horse is not first past the
post, you lose your money.
However, if you're lucky and
your choice wins, you will be
credited w i t h a random amount
up to £ 5 0 .
Should you run out of cash,
the game will halt and you will be
told how many races you bet on.
The program will also ask you if
you would like to have another
game.
For some idea of how many
races you can bet on, Andrew
managed 6 0 races before he ran
out of cash. Can you do better?
Bet you can't guess

which horse will
30 LET K = O
40 PRINT " HORSING
win the race in

ABOUT"
50 PRINT
this program for ^ 60 FOR 1= 1 TO 5

your ZX80 written! 70
80
PRINT
NEXT I
by Andrew Hasle 90 LET M = 1 0 0
of Walsall.
100 P R I N T " HIT N/L TO
PR'OCEED"
110 LFjT K = K + 1
120 I'.MPUT A$
130 CLS
140 IF M < 10 THEN GO
TO 3 2 0
1 50 LET Z = RND(6)
160 PRINT " WHICH HO'RSE
DO YOU WANT TO
BET ON (1 TO 6 ) "
170 PRINT " Y O U HAVE
£";M
180 INPUT S
190 IF S = 1 AND Z = t
THEN GO TO 2 7 0
200 IF S = 2 AND Z = 2 4
THEN GO TO 2 7 0 /
210 IF S = 3 AND Z = 3
THEN GO TO 2 7 0
220 IF S = 4 AND Z =• 4
THEN GO TO ' ^ 7 0
230 IF S = 5 A N r j z = 5
THEN GO TO 2 7 0
240 IE S = o AND Z = 6
T H F N GO TO 2 7 0
250 LcT M = M - 10
260 GO TO 1 0 0
270 PRINT " Y O U W O N "
280 LET G = RNDi50)
290 l.ET M = M + G
300 PRINT YOU HAVE
£";M
31.0 GO TO 1 0 0
3 2 0 PRINT " Y O U HAVE NO
MORE MONEY"
3 3 0 PRINT " Y O U HAVE
LOST IN " ;K;" BETS" >1
3 4 0 PRINT " A G A I N ? "
3 5 0 INPUT A$ >H
3 6 0 CLS
3 7 0 IF A $ = "YES" THEN /
GO TO 10
3 8 0 STOP /I
Photograph courtesy of Transcontinental' /r
:
j(rn Productions (London) Ltd.
79
CHAMPIONSHIP CARNELL SOFTWARE
WIN A FABULOUS wings

HOLIDAY FOR 2 TO FLORIDA.
VISIT THE AMAZING NEW
EPCOT CENTRE
V o l c a n i c D u n g e o n , the addictive adventure. People have
been k n o w n to venture into its maze of caverns to rescue the
Princess Edora again and again. If you are one of them, or
wish to be, then you could find yourself lying on a sun-
d r e n c h e d b e a c h in M i a m i f o r a w e e k . F o l l o w e d b y a
f u r t h e r w e e k a t O r l a n d o , visiting D i s n e y W o r l d and
E p c o t . So what d o you have to do for all this? J u s t be t h e
best V o l c a n i c D u n g e o n player in t h e U K , t h a t ' s all! Ten
finalists will battle it out in the championship at the London
Computer Fair, Earl's Court, in June 1983. B u t f i r s t you
m u s t p r o v e y o u are w o r t h y .
Volcanic Dungeon is available on the 16K ZX 81, 48K

S p e c t r u m a n d D r a g o n 32. A n entry f o r m is supplied with
every game. {Anyone w h o already owns the original ZX
version can enter by sending a SAE for an entry form.)"
Order y o u r c o p y N O W from C A R N E L L S O F T W A R E , 4
S t a u n t o n Road, S l o u g h , B e r k s . O n l y £5.00 including
P&P, A l s o a v a i l a b l e f r o m g o o d m i c r o c o m p u t e r stores.
J he 'Judges' decision is final and no correspondence will be

'entered into. AH business associates of Carnell Software,
and their relatives, are disqualified from entry. A copy of the
rules of the Volcanic Dungeon championship will be
supplied with the entry form.
COMPETITION
Competition The prize

The winner will receive the
Rules
This competition is open to all
UK and Northern Ireland readers
Competition
following titles to add to their of ZX C o m p u t i n g e x c e p t
library: employees of Argus Specialist
Publications Ltd, their printers
Spectrum Machine Language and distributors, employees of
For The Absolute Beginner... the publishers of the books to be
Edited by William Tang. awarded as the prize, or anyone
Games ZX Computers Play... else associated with the com-
Tim Hartnell. petition.
The Spectrum Pocket Book... As long as the correct coupon is
Trevor Toms. used for each entry, there is no
Games To Play On Your limit to the number of entries.
Spectrum... A l l e n t r i e s m u s t have t h e
win a complete library Martin Wren-Hilton.

Programming Your ZX
number of shared letters written
on the outer flap of the envel-
for your zx Spectrum. Spectrum...

Tim Hartnell and Dilwyn Jones.
ope. Entries w i t h o u t this
number will not be accepted.
The Spectrum Programmer... All entries must be postmarked
S M Gee. before May 3 1 , 1 9 8 3 .
Thinking caps off, it's time to Once you have found the Learning To Use The ZX The prize will be awarded to the
relax and enjoy this easy-to- missing names, draw a circle Spectrum Computer... first correct entry picked at ran-
enter competition in which you around them and fill in the form Robin Bradbeer. dom.
could win a complete library of below with your name and ad- Understanding Your No correspondence w i l l be
books for your ZX Spectrum. dress. Before you package the Spectrum... entered into w i t h regard to the
No doubt, you've all seen letter off to the address given, Dr lan Logan. results and it is a condition of en-
wordsquares before, but for the please count the number of 6 0 Games And Applications try that the Deputy Editor's deci-
sake of anyone who has not, all shared letters, ie a letter which For The ZX Spectrum... sion is accepted as final.
you have to do is to find the appears in at least t w o names, David Harwood. The winner will be notified by
missing words in amongst the and write this number on the The Spectrum Handbook... post and the results will be pub-
jumble of letters. Sounds easy... back of the envelope. Tim Langdell. lished in a future issue of ZX
until you try it that isl The words The winner of the competi- Exploring Spectrum BASIC.., Computing.
hidden in this wordsquare are tion will be the first correctly Mike Lord. Address your answers to:
the names of the authors (and completed wordsquare picked The ZX Spectrum Explored... ZX Competition,
editor) of the books to be given at random from a hat. Tim Hartnell. 1 4 5 Charing Cross Road,
away as the prize. London W C 2 H OEE.
A Z R N A G 0 L N A I R D R
E M T L T R E V 0 R T 0 M S
T A 0 T M S A N S R 0 B S T
0 R L L E D G N A L M I T V
S T G E T M P 0 T N L N 0 s
N t S N R S E Y T S K B N Y
L N E V A M I K E L 0 R D E
A W N A G T L A U R A A M R
R R 0 H L R M D R C N D T W
E E J A Y J W A 0 T I B L A
0 N N M S H L T I X V E P T
W H Y W M 0 H C R L G E 0 S
S I W s G R K L S A L R S R
D L L L E N T R A H M I T V
A T I C E S T R E U P N W A
V 0 D 0 0 w R A H D I V A D
K N L s E A 0 M L Z T S T T
ZX COMPUTING COMPETITION
Name .
Address
Postcode

ZX Workstations.. Great games
for Spectrum&ZX81 for your *
I
•
prices(Cs.incVWn
Spectrum 16
ZX81 15
Spectrum
Postage 2
from
Extra4
> II 7 »1 r 1 M > I t h e , e a d e r s
Power switch 3
a
"oy base lilJjljJ !> D ^ J in ZX games
speaker | j
These stylish plinths,

tn tough moulded ABS, will raise and tilt the TV for better
viewing, and angle the computer for easier typing.
Sorcerer's Castle
The power supply is fixed underneath. The printer can be
used w i t h the Spectrum version, the RAM with the '81',
and the cassette player w i t h both. Fulldetails f r o m :
Peter Furlong Products. Unit5c. South Coast Rd Ind. Estate, Takes you into a world of magic a n d
Peacehaven. Sussex BN9 8NA. Tel (07914) 81637 mystery. Graphical position a n d a host
of options with this exciting adventure
g a m e for t h e 4 8 K S p e c t r u m £5.50
Scramble
High-speed a r c a d e g a m e - the fastest
available. Thrust, altitude, fire a n d bomb __ „
controls-For 16K or 4 8 K Spectrum. Eu.uU
Masterchess
T e n levels of play + c h a n g e sides or
level in mid-game + set board to any tort*©
realP\ a v -
position + scrolling history + displays er
your moves a n d computer's + copy
display & history to printer any time
+ save g a m e at any point + r e c o m m e n d
move option -f plays all legal moves
+ indicates illegal moves + C h e s s Clock
;v; I L W J O i i v
on reverse. A powerful, adventurous and
£6.95
ZX8I • ZX SPECTRUM « And for your ZX81:
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D R A G O N 32-VIC 2 0 - B B C Scramble • Frogs * PaintMaze * ZX Chess * Breakout

• S p a c e I n v a d e r s * A s t e r o i d s * T e m p e s t * 1K G a m e s -
The very best mail order items available pack • D e b u g
"over the counter" All supplied on cassette with library case 13.95 (ZX Chess £6.50}
Games, Keyboards, Serious Programs, Rams, Write lor lull details of the Mikro-Gen range of programs and add-ons.
available from local stockists or direct from the manufacturers (please make
Books, Peripherals and much, much more! cheques/PO s payable to Mikro-Gen and add 40p post & packingi
Suppliers of Software to Smclav
AlliliJ D^J
FAST M A I L ORDER SERVICE PHONE 01-769 2887
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310 STREATHAM HIGH ROAD. LONDON SW16
Dept Z X . 24 A g a r C r e s c e n t Bracknell Berks R G 1 2 2BK
Tel Bracknell {0344) 2 7 3 1 7
L
82 Z X C O M P U T I N G A P R I L / M A Y 1983
ISOFTWARE REVIEW
1
into the
6 and 7 for left and right, 8 and 9 carry out repairs, you have to
for up and down. Zero fires the jump to a sector with a planet
and knock out any aliens. Then
fourth
lasers. The program comes w i t h
a little keyboard overlay to help pressing 'P' causes a landing,
you remember them, but before also accompanied by very in
long the keys are memorised g e n i o u s g r a p h i c s . All your
systems are then restored to
dimension
and then the overlay tends to get
in the way rather than help. 'green' status; however, this
The bottom third of the TV does result in the unfortunate
display is your instrument panel. planet's destruction. Perhaps
To the left is the long range they would have been better off
scanner which shows all 18 sec- under the Squarm! 'H' suspends
tors. Alien ships are marked as a the game and 'S' restarts it, and
A review of the new 4-D

short line, and a planet, where 'Shift Space' aborts the current
you can have repairs done, is run.
adventure from
shown as a cross. The display is The game progresses by
very small indeed, and some knocking out as many aliens as
Quicksilva, with Phil

people w i t h ropey TVs (or possible, f i n d i n g the Time-
eyesight!) may have some diffi- Gates, stepping back through
Garratt at the helm.

culty. In the centre of the con time to year zero, then finding
sole display is the message the Squarm home planet and fir-
system, which flashes up details ing your Meson Ram to destroy
about damage sustained and it. The game can be played on 5
H f S C D n T R D t
other information as the game levels, and at the higher levels
THE 5 H I P 5 i n S T R U D I E n T FIRE D I U I ClSrFI progresses. To the right is the the time steps get smaller, and
IHTO F O U R s s c T i o n s . target computer display, which as each earlier galaxy has more
consists of four horizontal lines and more aliens, the game gets
1. . T H E i.Dnt2 n n n m s a n n n E N each w i t h a marker on it and is progressively harder.
only active w h e n there are
enemy ships in the area. The IS that all!!
first t w o lines are the vertical
and h o r i z o n t a l t r a c k i n g in- The biggest fault with Time-
dicators and when you have Gate is undoubtedly the scoring
P R C S : T I steered Void-Runner 1 so that system. Several times I battled
- 1 B V J i D K f l 1 iSJL. L I ! i the markers are in the middle, my w a y through hordes of
© n u i C H B a v n aliens, eventually to destroy the
y o u are r i g h t b e h i n d t h e
i s A a Squarm home base, to find I had
'baddie'. The third indicator
gives the closing speed and the scored between 10 and 4 0
SHCttS T H E ( A S E C T D R f t , fourth, the distance between points! I queried this with Quick-
fina T H E I R C D r i T E f l T S * you and the target. The enemy silva, and they said that the
* CROSS S H D t t S H P L f l f l B T • are scattered randomly within score is based more on your skill
R SHORT L i n e C H O W S H L I E n the sector, and you can have factor, ie how quickly and effi-
quite a long wait before they ap- ciently you knock out the aliens,
pear on the upper display. rather than how many. I was
Three dimensions were not sectors, one of which contains told that the best tactics were to
enough for the latest addition to the Time-Gate which your ship stay at warp 1 (the slowest)
Quicksilva's l o n g l i n e of
machine code arcade games.
will automatically pass through Set the controls... while in a sector chasing and
fighting aliens, only using warp
provided there are no enemy
Time-Gate involves travelling ships in the sector. Knocking out The last console instruments are 5 for the jump to the next sector,
backwards through the fourth the enemy ships is the central the status indicators for shields, and putting off repairs for as
dimension, time itself. We are part of the game which all the weapons, engines, etc. They long as possible.
told that the two thousand year rest has been tacked onto. The start off green and go steadily The program comes in two
old interstellar Empire founded top t w o thirds of the TV display darker as the s y s t e m s are 34K parts. The first gives you
by Earth was happily going the are u s e d f o r t h e t h r e e - damaged, until they turn blue the scenario and rules, and goes
way of ail empires, that is into dimensional view of space, and which means that that function through the cockpit display and
decline, w h e n t h e S q u a r m as you steer your craft, the stars is knocked out. When you take a function keys. The program has
turned up. They are a race of in- swirl round according to your hit, the damage seems to be provision for the use of a Kemp
secloid reptiles, and before long movement. allocated randomly to one of the ston joystick, and has informa-
they had taken over the entire When ships appear they various systems, so if you're tion about how to link in other
Empire, except for a few planets weave in every direction, diving unlucky all the damage may be makes. The second lot of 34K is
centred on the Earth. nearer and further away, all the done to just one system, and if it the program proper. The docu-
The Temporal Brotherhod de- time firing pot shots at you. You takes another hit after the in- mentation is rather lacking —
cide to overthrow the Squarm, have to manoeuvre your craft dicator has turned blue, your you have to note d o w n the con-
but instead of doing the decent until the enemy is in line w i t h ship is destroyed. trol keys yourself, no infor-
thing and fighting it out man to your t w o lasers, which fire from The rest of the control keys mation is given about scoring,
man (or rather man to reptile}, either side converging into the are as follows — 1 to 5 control and nowhere is it mentioned
they hit on a sneaky trick. They centre. I found it best to try to your warp speed, and you can that you can LOAD the second
dig out the two thousand year line up the alien along one or tell when you go faster because part (the game proper) without
old Void-Runner 1, a trans-dim- other of the beams rather than the stars rush by, and the going through the instructions.
ensional space ship, and give try to hit it at the narrow point engines, which make a constant Still, graphics are what arcade
you the mission of travelling where the beams meet. Unless hissing sound, go to a higher games are all about, and Time-
back through time via the Time- you get a lucky shot, it will pitch. To jump to a different sec- Gate certainly has great
Gate until you can destroy the usually take four hits to knock tor, you press 'L' until the graphics. At £ 6 . 9 5 (48K Spec-
Squarm's home planet before out the opposition, and you can flashing indicator on the long trum only), another winner for
they ever left it. tell when a hit has registered range scanner is over the sector Quicksilva.
because the enemy ship you require, and then press 'J'.
The Empire strikes changes colour. You then make your jump, ac- Time-gave is available from
back An unusual arrangement of companied by some impressive Quicksilva, 92 Northam Road,
The galaxy is made up of 18 keys are used for movement — sound and visual effects. To Southampton, Hants S02 OPB
PROGRAMMING SKILLS
Adding interest
to your programs
part one
in this two-part feature, Tim
Hartnell describes the genesis
of a simple idea for a program
through to a full-blown,
arcade-style game on your z x i
Spectrum.
Once you've been using your pressing the '?' key and you overhead, press the 'F' key to
Spectrum for a while, you may move yourself left using the ' 5 ' fire your patented anti-duck
find that while it is relatively key and right using the ' 8 ' key missile. The number after the
easy to get some sort of pro- (moving in the direction of the words 'SHOTS LEFT* (in the
gram up and running, it is not arrows on those keys). top right-hand corner of the
so simple to turn that program Although there is no time screen) will drop, and if you
into something you'd be proud limit on this program (so, you have been a c c u r a t e , t h e
to show your friends. In this ar don't have to shoot the ducks number after the w o r d
t i d e (to be continued in the in a specified time) there is a 'SCORE' in the top left-hand
next issue of ZX Computing), limit on the number of shots corner of the screen will rise.
I ' l l e x p l a i n h o w a simple you can fire. In all the versions Note, by the way, that I
framework can be 'dressed up' of this game in this part of the have deliberately used explicit
w i t h sound, colour and user- article, you'll see the program names for the variables within
defined graphics. starts with a limit of 1 5 shots. this program. That is, the
In the last, most complex ver- variable name for the score is
Out for a duck sion, you will have 5 0 shots.
T h e n u m b e r of s h o t s is
'SCORE'; for shots left it is
'SHOTS'; for your position
We're going to take a simple deliberately kept low in the d o w n the screen, 'DOWN';
program — Duck shoot — and first version, so you are not
gradually elaborate it, showing able to get a high score just by
how adding things such as leaving your finger on the JF'
s o u n d and colour, border key and waiting for the ducks
f l a s h e s and u s e r - d e f i n e d to fly into the line of fire. Look
graphics can add a great deal now at Program 1. Type it
of interest to your programs. carefully into your Spectrum
At the end of this two-part and type RUN, then press
feature, I'll give you four more Enter and you should get the
suggestions to apply if you game underway.
wish to keep improving and You'll see the letters which
elaborating the program I am are held in A$ (see line 40)
going outline. moving across near the top of
The program we're going to the screen. You (the X') will
use as the core of our develop- be in about the middle of the
ment work is a fairly standard screen w h e n the program
'Duck shoot' listing, in which starts. You can, as I mentioned
little objects fly across the a few moments ago, move
screen, and you have to try and yourself back and forth using
shoot them down. In the first the ' 5 ' and ' 8 ' keys to get
version of the program, the lit- yourself into the position
tle objects are letters chosen at which you think gives you the
random and you are the letter best possible chance. When
' X ' . You fire at the "ducks' by you judge a 'duck' is directly
84
1
PROGRAMMING SKILLS
and for your position across ning, A $ ( 1 ) . The string is re- If line 9 0 discovers that choose a colour at random bet-
the screen, the variable name printed, over and over again, A $ (ACROSS) is anything but a ween black and yellow, so that
is 'ACROSS'. Even though it as the program RUNs by line space, you have hit a duck, so each time A$ (the ducks) is
takes a little longer to type long 70) in the same position at 7 , 0 the computer continues work- reprinted, it will occur in a dif-
variable names into a program (eight lines d o w n and starting ing t h r o u g h the line. The ferent colour! As you'll see
and (of course) they use up hard in the left-hand margin). v a r i a b l e . S C O R E , is in- when the program is RUNning,
more memory than do shorter Because the string is, in effect, crementd by 5 7 , and finally in the change occurs so rapidly
names, running out of memory b e i n g ' s h i f t e d a l o n g ' one line 9 0 , that element of A$ is the ducks appear to
is rarely a problem on rhe ZX character at a time before it is set to a blank, so the 'duck' shimmer.Though it takes the
Spectrum, and the advantages re-printed, the elements in the disappears. S p e c t r u m an a p p r e c i a b l e
of using explicit names to keep string appear to move Now all this takes some number of nanoseconds to
the purpose of various parts of smoothly along. Using strings time to explain, but you'll find generate a random number,
thelisting clear w a y outweighs in this w a y is one of the the computer does it apparent- the effect on the speed of the
the extra time it takes to type simplest w a y s there is t o ly instantaneously. You press program appears to be nil. (You
them in. If, for example, you create smoothly moving ' F \ the score increases by 57 are probably aware that, in
were writing a program like graphics on the Spectrum. (if you're a good shot), the m o v i n g graphics programs,
(his and you decided that it The string handling also number of shots left drops by everything you get the com-
would be better if the ' X ' was makes it very simple to cause one, and the duck disappears. puter to do — from making an
printed slightly further d o w n the shot duck to disappear You'll see (line 110) that the IF/THEN decision, adding t w o
the screen, you would not from the sky. As the string is program continues until you numbers together, or raising
have to search through the 3 2 c h a r a c t e r s l o n g , each run out of shots; the game then one to the power of the other,
program to work out which Character 'slot' can be reffer- terminates. Take a note of to generating a random
variable held your ' d o w n ' co- red to by following A $ w i t h a your score at this point, and number — takes time, and the
ordinate. If you have used ex- number in brackets. That is, see if you can beat it in subse- more you get the computer to
plicit names as in this case, you A $ ( 1 ) is the first element of quent runs. do before each subsequent
would find it very easy to the string, A $ 12) is the second frame of a moving graphics
locate the variable you were program is printed, the more
looking for.
one, and so on, until A$ (32)
is the very last spot within
'A I'orange? slowly the graphics will move,
the string. and the more jerky they will ap-
Once you have this program
Disappearing running to your satisfaction,
pear.)
ducks? and you have a pretty good The last change w e ' v e
made is in line 1 0 0 , where
idea of h o w it works, modify it
RUN the program a f e w times, to read like Program 2. (You do FLASH is used to make sure
then return to this magazine not have to NEW the com- the actual number of the score,
for the first part of our discus- puter). Just compare the pro- and t h e n u m b e r of s h o t s
sion on it. Note the Caps Lock gram you have in your Spec- left, flash off and on, but the
must be engaged, as INKEY $ trum, line by line, w i t h the rest of the line does not. This is
is searching for an input of a listing of Program 2 and make w h y there are so many FLASH
capital 'F' to fire. any changes you need to (ad- 0 and FLASH 1 commands in
Line 40 defines the string ding a complete new line 1 5, that line. Leave any one of
variable, A$, as a long series of Look at line 9 0 . When the and modifying certain others). them out and the effect is ruin-
letters and spaces. The letters computer comes across an ed, as you can easily see by
When you RUN this, you'll
can be anything you like; don't IF/THEN statement, it checks deleting one of them and re-
see an immediate and quite
feel you need to copy mine. to see if it finds that it is not RUNning the program.
striking improvement. Colour
Theimportant thing, however, true, then it moves along to the certainly adds a lot to any pro-
is that the s t r i n g is 3 2
characters long. Y o u can
n e x t line in t h e p r o g r a m , g r a m o n t h e S p e c t r u m . Line 1 5 Looping the loop
without bothering to carry out sets the PAPER (that is, the
cheik this by RUNning the pro- any further instructions which background) colour to white Apart from the colour changes
gram briefly, stopping it w i t h may be on the same line. If the (PAPER colour 7); turns the w e ' v e discussed, the program
Break, then typing in as a direct computer finds, at the start of BRIGHT c o n t r o l ( w h i c h af- is the same as the first listing.
command: line 9 0 , that INKEY$ does not fects, in this case, the entire However, you can see that the
equal F (that is, you are not screen); clears the screen so f e w changes w e have in-
PRINT LEN A $ pressing the 'F' key) then it that the PAPER and BRIGHT troduced have improved it
proceeds to line 1 0 0 , missing are activated (you could not considerably. We'll now con-
(you'll find LEN in green above all the information and instruc- see them over all the screen tinue w i t h the improvements,
the K key, and — as you know tions which follow the IF IN- unless you had included the by adding some sound, and
- you get the words above the KEY$ = " F " line. If, however, CLS command); and finally, getting the BORDER (the area
keys by pressing d o w n both y o u are pressing 'F' when the sets the INK colour (the colour around the picture, or PAPER,
Caps Shift and Symbol Shift at Spectrum gets to line 9 0 , it in which the computer prints area) to flash when a duck is
once, then touching the key). continues working through the on the PAPER) t o red (INK col- shot.
If your string is the correct line and d e c r e m e n t s the our 2). Enter Program 3, RUN it to
length. PRINT LEN A $, follow- v a r i a b l e , S H O T S , by one. Even if w e did not take the d e c i m a t e a f e w f l o c k s of
ed by Enter will give you the Then, it hits another IF/THEN p r o g r a m any f u r t h e r , w e ducks, then return t o the
answer 32. condition, w h i c h makes use of would still have a significant magazine for a discussion on
The appearance of move- the ability of the Sinclair BASIC improvement on the first ver- the program.
ment which is given to the to isolate any element of a str- sion. You w o u l d have the The new lines are 25 and
ducks is created by use of i n g i n s t a n t l y . It l o o k s as score, shots left, ducks and 3 5 which use the BEEP com-
Sinclair B A S I C ' S s t r i n g - A$(ACR0SS>. The ' X ' which the ' X ' all printed in red on a mand to create t w o 'loops' of
handling commands, w h i c h is you is printed at ACROSS bright white background, sound before the program gets
allow for a technique called (actually, as you see in line 8 0 , which is far more interesting underway. As you know, the
'sfcing'. The vital line for the a three-element string, w i t h a than just plain old black and BEEP c o m m a n d has t w o
movement is line 1 3 0 , w h i c h space either side of the ' X ' , is white. parameters (and parameters
resets A $ equal to all of the str- printed at ACROSS minus one,
However, we want to add are the numbers, or
rtg without its first character which has the effect of printing
t w o more commands to the 'arguments' which follow a
-that is, LET A $ = A $(2 TO) the ' X ' at the position referred
program which will alter the command t o set its limits). The
- and then adds to the very to by the variable ACROSS, so
display for the better. These first number after BEEP defines
end of it the character of the A $ ( A C R 0 S S ) lies d i r e c t l y
are in lines 7 0 and 1 0 0 . In line the duration of the sound, and
stnng which was at the begin- above you.
7 0 , the 'INK R N D * 6 ' is used to the second one its pitch.
PROGRAMMING SKILLS
10 REM DUCK SHOOT Program 1
Line 2 5 is a loop, using 'G' gram and hold your finger on 2 0 LET SCORE =0
as the control variable. The 'F' — you'll hear the tone 3 0 LET SHOTS = I S
loop runs from one to 20, and s t e a d i l y decrease till the 4.0 LET A $ = " Z A B DK SL DP G
each value of G is used in the 'THAT'S THE END OF THE PD FGG G
second part of line 2 5 to create GAME' message appears. 5 0 LET ACROSS=15
a tone, which — because G is The next part of line 90, as 5 0 LET DOUN = 14-
increasing — rises rapidly. The you know, checks to see if 7 0 P R I N T RT 7 , 0 ; A $
duration parameter is set at your shot has hit anything • *
S0 P R I N T RT D O U N , R C R O S S - l ; " X
. 0 0 8 w h i c h is about the (that is, it checks to see if that
shortest sound I've found can particular element of the string
3 0 I P I N K E Y $ = " F " THEN L E T SHOT
be heard clearly. Line 35 pro
S=5HOT5-l: I F A$ (RCROSS) < > " "
A $ is not equal to a space), and EN LET SCORE =SCORE + 5 7 : L E T A$(flC
duces another loop, this time if it finds that it is not a space ROSS) —'1 ••
counting downwards. You'll (that is, that a 'duck' is there 100 P R I N T RT 0 , 0 ; " S C O R E : '^SCOR
discover that different STEP and had just that instant been E . "SHOTS L E F T : ";SHOTS;"
sizes produce quite different shot), the computer — as well 110 I F SHOTS <1 THEN P R I N T RT 10
types of loop effects, and you as increasing your score by 57 .0 : " THRT ' S THE END OF THE GAM
may well wish to change the BEEPs again, with a tone E": STOP
STEP size in both this line and which, although different to 120 LET RCROSS =ACROSS + I INKEY$ =
in line 25. the first one in the line, is 3"> - ( I N K E Y $ = " 5 " J
related to the number of shots 130 LET R $ = R 5 ( 2 TO > + A $ f l >
14.0 GO TO 7 0
10 REM DUCK SHOOT Program 2
I S PAPER 7 : BRIGHT CLS : IN
3
2 0 LET SCORE =0
3 0 LET SHOT S = 15
4-0 LET A $ = "ZftB DK SL DF G
'D FGG G
5 0 LET RCROSS = 15
6 0 LET DOUN = 14-
70 P R I N T RT 7 , 0 ; INK R N D * 6 ; R $
6
p •
0 P^
R I N T RT DOUN , RCROSS — 1 ; INK
I P I N K £ Y $ = " F " THEN LETT SHOT
5=SHOTS-1; I P R $ I R C R O S S ) < > " " TH
These t w o loops, however, left. This means that if you EN LET S C O R E = S C O R E + 5 7 : LET A$(fiC
are little more than 'window have a successful shot, you'll ROSS * =" "
dressing , designed to produce hear first the tone (which falls 1O0 P R I N T RT 0 , 0 ; I N V E R S E 1;"SC
a good starting effect. The with each shot fired) from the ORE; " ; PLRSH 1; SCORE; PLRSH 0 , "
other BEEPs used, by contrast, first part of line 90, followed SHOTS L E F T : " ; FLRSH 1; SHOTS; FL
^ S H 0 ; "
are related to other things hap- by a tone (which rises as the 110 I P 5HOTS <1 THEN P R I N T RT 10
pening within the program SHOTS variable is ,0;" T H R T ' S THE END OP THE GflM
when it is RUNning. You'll see decremented) which signals E": STOP
that a BEEP line has been add- that a duck has been shot. And 120 LET ACROSS =RCRQ5S + ( I N K E Y J s "
ed at the end of line 70. This if you're not quick in taking e*') - t INKEY |f = " 5 " )
takes the CODE (the number your finger off the 'trigger', 130 LET A » = A $ < 2 TO ) + R $ ( l )
which the computer uses to you'll hear a third one, or even 14-0 GO TO 7 0
refer to the character being more. 10 REM DUCK SHOOT Program 3
printed, so PRINT CHR$ 65 The final part of line 90, 15 PAPER 7 : BRIGHT 1: CLS : IN
produces the letter 'A', whose which changes the BORDER K
CODE is 65) of the first ele- colour four times, is — of 2 0 LET SCORE = 0
ment of the string A$ (that is course — only triggered if 25 FOR G = 1 TO 2 0 ; EEEP . 0 0 8 , &;
the element which is the fur- you've downed a duck. It has NEXT G
thest to the left) and creates a the effect of the BORDER 30 LET SHOTS = 15
tone from this. The effect of flashing very quickly in ran- 35 r OR G =50 TO >0 STEP - 2 : BEz
this is to produce a short 'beep' domly chosen colours, then
P .00S.G NEXT G
just before a duck disappears 4-0 LET R $ = " 2 f l 5 DK SL DF G
off the screen to the left.
reverting to white. The delay FD FGG G
caused by including this flash 5 0 LET RCROSS = I S
You'll see another BEEP is very short, and gives good 6 0 LET DOUN =14-
command at the end of line 8 0 . visual feedback to back up the 70 P R I N T RT 7 , 0 ; INK RND-5-6;
This one is sounded every time feedback from the BEEP to tell BEEP . 0 0 3 , ( C O D E A $ )
the p r o g r a m c y c l e s and, you that y o u ' v e bagged 3 0 P R I N T RT D O U N , R C R O S S - l ; INK
b e c a u s e as t h e v a r i a b l e another duck. 2;" X BEEP .008,RCROSS
ACROSS gets bigger the pitch 90 I F INKEY $ = " F " THEN LET SHOT
of the note gets higher, you'll What's for o = S H O T 5 - 1 . BEEP . 0 5 , 3 * S H O T S : IF
find that moving your X' seconds? M$(flCROSS) <>" " THEN LET SCORE =S
CORE+57: BEEP . 0 5 , 5 0 - S H O T S : LET
across the screen to the right In the second part of this A$CACROSS3= " BORDER RND+7: BO
will produce a constantly feature, I will be introducing RDER RND 4-7 ; BORDER R N D * 7 : BORDER
higher tone; moving it to the the concept of the user- 7
left will lower the tone. defined graphic and how to 100 P R I N T AT 0 , 0 ; INVERSE 1; "SC
simply incorporate them into ORE: PLASH 1 ; SCORE; FLASH id,"
Trigger happy your programs. &HOTS L E F T : " ; FLASH 1 ; SHOTS; FL
Perhaps the most interesting I will be introducing two
ASH 0 . "
new and updated versions of
110 "IF SHOTS <1 THEN P R I N T RT 10
sounds are in line 90. Firstly, ,0;" THRT *S THE END OF THE GftH
you get a BEEP, which is the Duck s h o o t program, E " : STOP
related to the number of shots which will include user-defined 120 LET ACROSS=ACROSS+(INKEY$="
you have left, every time you graphics as well as more than 3"> - ( INKEY % = " 5 " )
touch 'F', whether you hit one line of ducks! Join me next 130 LET A $ = A $ ( 2 TO ) + R $ ( 1 )
anything or not. RUN the pro- issue. . , 14-0 GO TO 7 0

HAVEN HARDWARE
ZX PRODUCTS & JUPITER ACE
SAE for details 4 Asby Road, Asby. Workington, Cumbria C A M 4RR.
Prices include VAT and P & P.
Some of the products are also available from the following agents:
THE BUFFER SHOP, 374A STREATHAM HIGH ROAD. LONDON SW16
MICROWARE. 5 ST PETER'S LANE, LEICESTER.
TRADE ENQUIRIES WELCOME

ZX80 & ZX81 H A R D W A R E ZX SPECTRUM SOFTWARE C A S S E T T E S
Fruit Machine Colour graphic representations of fruits
Repeating Key Module
Including HOLD and GAMBLE £4 95
KIT £3.95 BUILT £5 95
(As reviewed by Popular Computing Weekly)
Solitaire
Inverse Video Module
Alpha-Numeric move entry £4 95
KIT £2.95 BUILT £4 50
(As reviewed by Popular Computing Weekly) Patience
Keyboard Beeper Module
KIT £6.95 BUILT £8 50 The popular card game (cheat proof) £5 95
Keyboard Entry Module Mancala

KIT £2.95 BUILT £4 95
The African Logo Game. £5.95
input/Output Port
KIT £10.95 BUILT £14 95 REPULSER
(Can be used with 16K RAM and printer without Repel the alien invasion
NEW JUPITER £4.95
ACE I N P U T / O U T P U T PORT
motherboard) KIT £14 95 BUILT £19 95
Programmable Character Generator

KIT £17 95 BUILT £24 95
3K Memory Expansion /
BUILT for only £12 00 BOOKS

The most reliable memory expansion available Cambridge Collection
r
(30 ZX81 Programmes) £4 95
Full-Size Keyboard with Repeat Key - The first of its kind
Built version plugs in. KIT £19 95 BUILT £24.95 C a m b r i d g e Colour Collection
(20 Spectrum Programmes) £6 95
ZX Edge Connector
23-Way Long gold plated pins £2 95 Cassette for Spectrum Programmes
ZX Spectrum version £3 50 £295
Fed up with your ZX81 Programmes? We will pay £2.00 for any ARTIC, B U G - B Y T E , O U I C K S I L V A Programmes.
NB. These MUST be the original cassettes w i t h instructions.
We will also make offers for secondhand computers and hardware.
WE ALSO STOCK A LARGE RANGE OF RESISTORS, CAPACITORS, ETC.
Access Card Orders Accepted

Ring 094 686 627
(24 hr. ANSAPHONE) A
A
e<
H
STOP PRESS!! JUPITER A C T T E G ^ " ™
ZX SPtCTRUM input/output port. The kit £11.95. Built £15.95. Plugs onto the back of the
spectrum doesn't require motherboard. (Uses BASIC in and out commands).
•
3 383IZX COMPUTING A P R I L / M A Y 1983 87
SPECTRUM UTILITY
part one
Simon
HSptcmm
•
Goodwin
of
CfiM 1UO* WHIT!
• •i m
• m OMMOl •» <wo O o o o
1 1 1 • • •
9
Hereford 1 8 M
unveils an
excellent >
program
for the 48K
Spectrum. CCT/moj
If you've ever wondered how meant that programs written to would explain the operation re- Monitoring the
your ZX Spectrum works, Spec- run on an 8 0 8 0 would also run quired in detail. In theory, that
tramon (the Spectrum monitor) on a Z 8 0 without changes. New gave Zilog plenty of possible situation
will make it easy for you to find programs could then be written numbers — 2 5 2 (using the re- If all this sounds very com-
out. This program will print or using the added facilities of the maining one-byte values) plus plicated you've probably realis-
display the contents of ROM or Z 8 0 . That was how many early 1 , 0 2 4 ( 4 ' 2561 if they were to ed why a monitor is a useful pro-
RAM in numeric, character or Z 8 0 programs were produced. use all of the possible two-byte gram — Spectramon will auto-
assembly language form. Ad- The BASIC interpreter used on instructions. In practice, they matically convert sequences like
dresses may be entered in the TRS-80. for instance, is only used 6 9 4 of the 1 , 2 7 6 'EDH 7BH 3DH 5CH' into the
decimal or hexadecimal, and the substantially an 8 0 8 0 program possibilities, but that's still a mnemonic, LD SP, (23613).
user may select the base used even though the TRS-80 has a very large number of instruc- The EDH told Spectramon that it
for output. Z 8 0 processor. Only the display tions for an 8-bit computer! was a miscellaneous Z80 add-
Spectramon will run on a and keyboard routines contain If you consult Fig. 5, you will on instruction (EDH is 237
48K Spectrum with or without a Z 8 0 instructions since they see the standard Z 8 0 mnem- decimal). The 7BH corresponds
printer. The disassembler option were the last to be written. onics listed. The prefix byte 2 0 3 to LD SP, (some address), and
has been written with the fail- Sinclair BASIC is written us- is used to generate add-on in- the 3DH 5CH corresponds to
ings of Z X 8 0 and ZX81 pro- ing the full features of the Z 8 0 structions for 'bitwise' opera- the value 2 3 6 1 3 . To check
grams in mind — unlike other processor. Zilog added instructions — instructions which that, convert 3DH and 5CH to
published listings it will handle tions to handle fast moving and manipulate or test binary digits. decimal then add the first result
all 6 9 4 standard Z 8 0 instruc- searching of tables in memory, The prefix byte, 2 2 1 , indicates to the second (multiplied by
tion codes, using the standard extra registers (internal storage) that the next instruction is an 2 5 6 ) . It's an awful lot simpler to
mnemonic names and formats and instructions to icnrease the 8 0 8 0 one, w h i c h would use let the computer puzzle that out
devised by Zilog, the firm which number of things that could be register pair HL but must now than it is to work it out for every
designed the Z 8 0 processor us- done with the original 8 0 8 0 use r e g i s t e r IX instead. instruction by hand.
ed in the Spectrum. registers. They wanted to more Likewise, the prefix, 2 5 3 , in- Of course, you may think
than double the number of dicates that IV should replace HL that LD SP, ( 2 3 6 1 3 ) , is just as
possible instructions, but there in the next instruction. If HL was baffling as EDH 7BH 3DH 5CH
Z80 instructions was a problem — Intel had in brackets in the old 8 0 8 0 in- - in which case, you'll have to
The Z 8 0 instruction set is the decided to use a single byte (8 struction (as in LD a, (HL)) then learn a little about Z 8 0 machine
most complicated of any 8 bit bits) to store the instruction- the Z 8 0 version allows an offset c o d e b e f o r e Spectramon |
microcomputer. The Z 8 0 pro- numbers for the 8 0 8 0 , and to be applied to IX or IY before becomes useful to you. Before
cessor was designed by a group m o s t of t h e 2 5 6 possible use this is specified in an extra you can investigate the ROM ol
of people who left Intel, the firm numbers were already in use. byte after the end of the 8 0 8 0 a computer, you do need to
which makes the 8 0 8 0 pro- Zilog got around this by giv- instruction. Finally, the prefix u n d e r s t a n d t h e computer
cessor, to set up Zilog. The Z 8 0 ing four instruction numbers 2 3 7 is used to indicate that the language in which it was written
will execute any of the instruc- special meanings — instructions instruction following is one of a — assembler, in most cases. ID
tions of an 8 0 8 0 , plus a large w i t h one of those numbers group of miscellaneous Z 8 0 SP, ( 2 3 6 1 3 ) is an assembler lor
number of extra ones 'tacked would carry out a certain 'class' add-ons. 'assembly l a n g u a g e ' or'
on' by Zilog. This approach of operation, and the next byte 'machine code') command. If

SPECTRUM UTILITY
you don't understand
assembler, please don't throw
using the program COMMRNDS
this article away! It will take you Spectramon takes about 15 • R e t u r n to zx BRSIC.
no longer to learn assembler seconds to set itself up when
than it did to learn BASIC (it first RUN. During this time, it is D < a d d r e s s D i s a s s e m b l e P r o g r a m
should be just as much fun tool building a table of instruction
and you can come back to Spec- codes for the disassembler, and M o d d r e s s N u m e r i c d u m p m e m o r y
tramon when you know more. once that is complete, the menu
In fact, the instruction LD SP, of c o m m a n d s will appear. Figure R < a d d r e s s > R 3 C I 1 n & h . d i s p l a y
123613) has a very simple pur- 1 shows this display.
pose — it tells the computer to To quit from the monitor, p Printer option (now ON)
put the number in address type 'Q' followed by Enter. This
23613 into the register called returns you to ZX BASIC. If you 3 Base selection (now HEX?
SP'. If you consult the Spec- Fig. 1. The various options offered by Spectramon.
wish to disassemble a program
trum manual you will find out in RAM or ROM, then you should 307E 21D0FE LD HL.FED0H
that 2 3 6 1 3 is the 'address of type 'D' followed immediately 0031 0D DEC C
item on machine stack to be us- by the address at which you 0032 C8 RET Z
ed as error return', which tells want to start. Addresses may be 0083 FE10 CP 13H
you that the instruction is part of e n t e r e d to S p e c t r a m o n tn 0065 DS RET C
the ROM error-handler. Using a decimal or Hex — if you want to 0086 FE18 CP 18H
disassembled listing and the disassemble from address 1 2 6 0083 3F CCF
table of 'System variables' in (decimal!, you could type D 1 2 6 0089 D8 RET C
chapter 25 of the manual, you or D007EH or D7EH leading 008R 23 INC HL
can trace your way through the 003B FE16 CP 16H
zeros are optional — and if you 008D 3801 XJR C.0090H
ROM, finding out what each enter more than four Hex digits, 008F 23 INC HL
section does. only the last four will be con- 0090 37 •3 C P
0091 225D5C LD (5CSDH),HL
0094 C9 RET
0095 BF CP R
0096 52 LD D .D
0097 4E LD C.(HL)
; 8 BIT 0098 C4.494E CRLL NZ.4E49H
0096 4-B
DATA B U S
LD C .E
009C 45 LD B .L
DAI A BUS Fig 2. The first screenful! of data you get, should you type in D126.
CONTROL
0 0 9 6 H 5 2 4 E C 4 4 9 4 F4 6 .-L5 5 Q
0 0 9 E H P 4 5 0 C 9 4 5 C E 5 0 4 F 4 9
0 0 R 6 H 4 E D 4 5 3 4 3 5 2 4 5 4 5 4 E
INST INTERNAL DATA BUS
NEC 5 0 f t E H P 4 4 1 5 d. 5 4 D 2 4 1 D 4 5 4
0 0 B 6 H 4 1 5 6 4 1 4 r
ft 4 4 3 4 F
u 0 0 e E H d-4
c a
C 5 5T> 4 1 C C JLC U-5 C F
11 0 0 C 6 H 5 3 4 9 CE 4 3 4 F D3 5 4 4 1
CTUANO CPU O 0 C E H C E 4 1 5 3 C E 4 1 4 3 D 3 4 1
SYSTfV 0 0 O 6 H 5 4 C E 4 C C E 45 5 3 DO 4 9
CONTROL 5 3
SIGNALS 0 0 D E H 4 E D 4 5 3 5 1 D2 4 7 C E
0 0 E 6 H 4 1 4 2 D 3 5 0 45 4 5 CB 4 9
0 0 E E H C E 5 5 5 3 D2 53 5 4 5 2 ft 4
0 0 F 6 H 4 3 4 3 5 2 ft 4 4E 4 F D 4 4 2
0 0 F E H 4 9 C E 4 F D 2 4 1 4 E C 4 3 C
0 1 0 B H BD 3 E B D 3 C BE 4C- 4 9 4 E
0 1 0 E H C 5 5 4 4 8 4 5 C E 5 4 C F 5 3
0 1 1 6 H 5 4 4 5 D 0 4 4 4 5 4 6 2 0 4 6
0 1 1 E H C E 4 3 4 1 D 4 4 5 4-F 5 2 4 D
0 1 2 6 H 4 1 D 4 4 D 4 F 5 6 C 5 4 5 5 2
0 1 2 E H 4 1 5 3 C 5 4 F 5 3 4 5 4 E 2 0
,•:/>; y 4 F 5 3 4 5 2 0 ft 3
0 1 3 6 H ft 3 4 3 4 C
Fig. 3. The first screenful! output to the printer from N150
» , A *
.v ' - t i t - * ' tJK. tlvi£ A' . * r
e i 0 9 6 H R N D T N K t E Y t P T F W r O I
W x V' V" 0 0 R 6 H N T S C R E E N S f l T T R f l T T
0 0 B 6 H A B U f l L J C O D E U H L L E N
0 0 C 6 H S I N C O S T f t N R S N f t C S f t
O 0 D 6 H T N L N E X P I N T 5 0 R 5 G N
0 O E 6 H O B 5 P E E K I N U S R S T R 4
0 0 F 6 H C H R $ N O T 5 T N O P R N D <
0 1 O 6 H = ) = < > L I N E T H E N T D S
ik
0 1 1 6 H T E P D E F F N C f l T F Q R H
as 0 1 2 6 H ftTNOUEERftSCOPEH
:H 0 1 3 6 H 8 C L O S E J t M E R G E V E P
to 0 1 4 6 H I F Y B E E P C I R C L E I N K
le 0 1 5 6 H P R P E R F L m S H B P I G H T
>n 0 1 6 6 H I M U E R 5 E O U E R O U T L P
re 0 1 7 6 H R I N T L L I S T S T O P R 6 P >
of 0 3 . 8 6 H D D m f l R E S T O R E N E i . l B /
to 0 1 9 6 H O P D E R C O N T I N U E D I H
it 0 1 R 6 H R F M F O R G O T O G O S U
tn 0 1 B 6 H B I N P U T L C ' R D L 1 5 T L E /
D 0 1 C 6 H T P R U 5 E N E X T P O K E P R
0 1 D 6 H I N T P L O T R ' J N S f t U E R f t /
or
Fig 4. The output from the first page of data from the command,
>r
A 150.
If

SPECTRUM UTILITY
sidered. If a meaningless ad-
Hex 2 8 0 Assembler - after CB - after ED Hex Z 8 0 Assembler - after CB - after ED
dress is typed (such as D, DFF,
D1 2 3 4 5 6 or D-1) then the com- 00 nop rlc b 4A Id c.d bit l.d adc hl.be
mand will be ignored. 01 Id bc.NN rlc c 4B Id c.e bit l.e td bc.(NN)
The disassembler displays 02 Id (bc).a rlc d 4C kJ c.h bit l , h
the contents of memory one 03 inc be rlc e 4D Id c.l b«t 1,1 reti
screenfull (21 lines) at a time. 04 inc b rlc h 4E Id c.(hl) bn 1 (hi)
Figure 2 shows a disassembly of 05 dec b rlc 1 4F Id c.a bn l.a Id r.a
the first screenfull of the Spec- 06 Id b.N rlc (hi) 50 kJ d.b bit 2,b in d.(c)
trum ROM. The left-hand col- 07 rtca rlc a 51 id d.c bit 2,e out (c).d
umn shows the address of the 08 ex af.af' rrc b 52 Id d.d bit 2,d sbc hl.de
instruction. It is followed on the 09 add ht.be rrc C 53 Id d.e bit 2.e Id (NN).de
same line by a hexadecimal OA Id a.(be) rrc d 54 Id d.h bit 2,h
representation of the instruc- 0B dec be rrc e 55 Id d.l bit 2.1
tion, and then the assembly oc mc c rrc h 56 Id d.(hl) bit 2,(hl) im 1
language text. After 21 lines 00 dec c rrc 1 57 Id d.a bit 2.a Id a.<
have been displayed, the pro- 0E Id c.N rrc (hi) 58 Id e.b bit 3.b in e.(c)
mpt 'More? (Enter - No}' will ap- OF rrca rrc a 59 Id e x bil 3.c out (c),e
pear. Press any alphabetic or 10 djnz DIS rl b 5A Id e.d bit 3.d adc hl.de
numeric key and the listing will 11 Id do.NN rl c 5B kJ e.e bit 3.e td de.(NN)
continue on a new screen. Press 12 Id IdeJ.a rid 5C Id e.h bit 3.h
the Enter key to return to the 13 inc de rl e 5D Id e.l bit 3.I
menu. 14 >nc d rl h 5E id e.lhi) bit 3.(hl) im 2
After each line is displayed, 15 dec d rl 1 5F Id e.a bit 3.a Id 3.r
the program checks to see 16 Id d N M (hi) 60 Id h.b bit 4.b in h.(cl
whether or not a key has been 17 Ma rl a 61 Id h.c bit 4,c out (c).h
pressed. The Space key pauses IB jr DIS rr b 62 Id h.d bit 4,d sbc hi, hi
the display, which will continue 19 add hl.de rr c 63 Id h.e bit 4.c Id (NN),hl
when any alphanumeric key is 1A Id a.(de) rr d 64 Id h.h bit 4.h
pressed. The Enter key causes 18 dec de rr e 65 id h,l t>1 4,1
disassembly to cease and the tc inc e rr h 66 id h.(hl) bit 4,(h!)
menu is displayed. ID dec e rr 1 67 Id h.a bn 4,a rrd
IE Id e.N rr (hi) 68 Id l.b bit 5.b in l,lc)
Magic numbers? IF rra rr a 69 Id l.c bit 5,c out (C).l
20 jr nz.DIS sia b 6A Id l.d bit 5.d adc hl.hl
The third option allows display
21 Id hl.NN sla c 6B Id l.e bit 5.e Id hl.(NN)
of the numeric contents of
m e m o r y . A l t h o u g h the dis- 22 Id (NN).hi sla d 6C Id l,h bit 5.h
assembler does this, it only lists 23 inc hi sla e 60 id 1,1 bit 5.1
24 <nc h sla h b.l 5.(hi)
between one and four bytes per 6E Id l.(hl)
25 dec h sla 1 bit 5.a rtd
line (depending upon the in- 6F Id l.a
struction), The N command 26 Id h,N sta (hi) 70 Id (hl).b bit 6.b in f.lc]
allows eight bytes to be listed on 27 daa sla a 71 id IhD.c bit 6.c
each line of the display. A start 28 jr z.DIS sra b 72 Id (hl).d bit 6.d sbc hl.sp
address may be specified in Hex 29 add hl.hl sra c 73 Id (hl).e bit 6,e Id INNj.sp
or decimal, just asforthe D com- 2A Id hl.(NN) sra d 74 Id (hl).h bit 6.h
mand. 2B dec hi sra e 75 Id (hl),l bit 6.1
The N command is useful for 2C inc 1 sra h 76 halt bit 6,(hl)
displaying the contents of tables 2D dec l sra 1 77 Id (hl).a bit 6.a
used by a program or the ROM. 2E Id I.N sra (hi) 78 Id a.b bit 7.b in a.(c)
Type 'N1 5 0 ' to see the Spec- 2F cpl sra a 79 Id a.c bit 7.c out (c).a
trum reserved-word table. That 30 jr nc.DIS 7A Id a.d bit 7.d adc hl.sp
is where ZX BASIC stores the 31 Id sp.NN 7B id a.e tut 7,e Id sp.(NN)
spellings of w o r d s such as 32 Id (NN).a 7C Id a.h bit 7.h
PRINT and RETURN. The words 33 mc sp 7D Id a.l bit 7.1
are stored in a modified version 34 inc (hi) 7E Id a.(hi) bit 7.(hll
of ASCII code the last letter of 35 dec (hi) 7F Id a, a bit 7.a
each word has 1 28 I80H) add- 36 Id (hl).N 80 add a.b res O.b
ed to it, to make it easy for the 37 scf 81 add a.c res O.c
ROM routine w h i c h displays 38 ir c.DIS srl b 82 add a.d res O.d
words to find where each one 39 add hl.sp srl c res 0 e
83 add a.e
starts and ends. 3A W a.INN) srl d res O.h
84 add a.h
If you found the numeric 3B dec sp srl e add a.l res 0.1
85
representation of the BASIC 3C inc a srt h add a.(hi) res O.(hl)
86
words rather hard to follow, you 3D dec a srl 1 87 add a. a res O.a
can use the command A1 5 0 to 3E id a.N $rl (hi) 88 adc a.b res 1.b
display the reserved word table 3F ccf srl a 89 adc a.c res l.c
in character form. The com- 40 id b.b bit Ob in b,(c> 8A adc a.d res Vd
mand uses 7-bit ASCII values, 41 out (c).b
id b.c bit O.c 8B adc a.e res l.e
so that letters w i t h 128 added
42 Id b.d bit Od sbc hl.be 8C adc a.h res l.h
to their code still print out cor-
43 td b.e bn O.e Id (NNl.bc 80 adc a.l res 1,1
rectly. To avoid changing col-
44 id b.h bn O.h neg 8E adc a.lhl) res 1,(hll
ours or moving the cursor unex
45 id b.l tul 0.1 retn 8F adc a.a res l.a
p e c t e d l y , the ASCII o u t p u t
46 Id b.lhl) bit O.(hl) im 0 90 sub b fes 2.b
routine displays control
47 Id b.a bit O.a id >.a 91 sub c res 2.c
characters (those with a code
less than 321 as full stops. 48 Id c.b bn l.b m c,(c) 92 sub d res 2.d
You can use the Space and 49 Id c,c bit l.c out (c),c 93 sub e res 2,e
Enter keys to control listings

SPECTRUM UTILITY
quently the LPRINT statement is
Hex Z 8 0 Assembler - after CB - af Hex Z 8 0 Assembler - after CB — after ED much slower than COPY — the
94 sub h res 2.h DO ret nc set 2.b printer must rev up and slow
95 sub l res 2.1 Dt pop de set 2,c d o w n 21 times (once for each
96 sub (hii res 2.(hl( 02 jp nc.NN set 2.d line) instead of just once. In fact,
97 sub a res 2,a 03 out (Nl.a set 2.e the printer always outputs the
98 sbc at) res 3.b D4 call nc.NN set 2.h last line of a group at half speed,
99 sbc a.c res 3.C 05 push de set 2.1 to make sure that everything
9A sbc a.d res 3.d D6 sub N Spr 2,(hi) falls in the correct place when it
98 sbc a.e res 3.e 07 rst 16 set 2.a stops. As far as it is concerned
9C sbc a.h res 3.h 08 ret c set 3,b each LPRINT is the last line of a
9D sbc a.l res 3.1 09 exx set 3,c group (when there's less than
9E sbc a.(hl| res 3.<hl| OA IP c.NN set 3.d 3 3 characters being printed).
9F sbc a.a res 3.a OB m a.lNl set 3,e
AO and b res 4,b Idi DC call c NN set 3.h Base choice
A1 and c res 4.c Cpl DO prefixes instruc- set 3,1 The final option allows the user
A2 and d res 4,d ini tions usmg ix to select the base in which
A3 arid e res 4.e OUll DE sbc a.N set 3.(hl) numbers are output by the pro-
A4 and h res 4,h DF rst 24 set 3. a gram. Sometimes it is useful to
A5 and 1 res 4.1 £0 ret po set 4.b have numbers printed in decimal
A6 and (hi) res 4,(hi) E1 pop ht set 4,c (for example, when refering to
A7 and a res 4,a £2 IP po.NN set c.d addresses mentioned in the
A8 xor b res 5.b idd E3 ex (sp).ht set 4.e Spectrum manual) and some-
A9 xor c res 5.C cpd E4 call po.NN set 4,h times hexadecimal is more con-
AA xor d res 5.d md E5 push hi set 4,1 venient (when displaying ad-
A8 xor e res 5,e outd £6 and N set 4,(hll dress tables or working out jump
AC nor h res 5.h E7 rst 32 set 4.d offsets). Type the command 'B'
AD xor 1 res 5.1 £8 ret pe set 5.b to change the output base.
AE xor (hi) res 5 (hi) E9 IP Ihl) set 5,c When you first run Spectramon
AF xor a res 5.a EA IP pe NN set 5,d it will be Hex (hence the display
30 or b res 6.b Idtr E8 ex de.hl set 5.e 'B Base selection (Now = HEX)')
81 or c res 6.c Cpir EC call pe.NN set 5.h but you can switch it to decimal
32 or d res 6.d imr ED set 5.1 w i t h the B command. If you
83 or e res 6,e otir EE xor N set 5.(hlt wish to re-select Hex output
B4 or h EF rst 40 set 5.3 later you can 'toggle' back by
res 6.n
BS or 1 FQ ret p set 6.b typing B' again.
res 6.1
36 or (hit res 6.ihi) Fl pop at set 6.c If an unknown command is
37 or a res 6.a F2 IP p.NN set 6.d entered, Spectramon will ignore
38 cp b Iddr F3 <J| set 6.e it. If it is called upon to show the
res 7.t>
39 cp c F4 call p.NN set 6,h c o n t e n t s of n o n - e x i s t e n t
res 7,c Cptlr
BA cp d F5 push af set 6.1 memory (past address 6 5 5 3 5 )
res 7,d mdr
B8 F6 or N set 6.lht)
it will display the message 'End
cp e res 7,e Otd'
F7 rst 48
of M e m o r y ' . If the end of
BC cp h res 7,h set 6, a
F8 ret m
memory is encountered while
8D cp 1 res 7.( set 7.b
F9
the program is half-way through
BE cp lhl> res 7.(hit Id sp.ht set 7.c
processing a line of numbers or
BF cp a res 7.3 FA IP m.NN set 7,d
ASCII characters, it will fill the
CO ret n i set O.b F8 ei set 7.e
rest of the line w i t h zeros or
C1 pop be set O.c FC call m.NN set 7.h spaces.
C2 |p nz.NN set Q.d FD prefixes mstruc- set 7,1
If you have t o stop the
C3 IP NN set G.e t ons us^ng y
monitor for any reason by typing
C4 call n?,NN set O.h FE Cp N set 7,(hl)
Break (perhaps because your
CS push be set 0,1 FF rst 56 set 7.a
desk has melted from under the
C6 add a K set O.lhl) computer or the ZX printer is
C7 rst 0 set Q.a strangling itself I you can re-start
C8 ret i set l . b Spectramon by entering GO TO
C9 ret set l.c 2 0 0 after the panic is over. So
CA Fig. 5. The complete Spectrum Hex codes with
IP z.NN set 1,d long as you've not typed LOAD,
their corresponding assembly language
CB set l .e
mnemonics. As certain Z80 instructions are com CLEAR or NEW in the meantime,
CC call z.NN set l.h pounds starting with CBh or FDh. the two right- the menu will appear immediate-
CD call NN set 1.1 hand columns give these. These tables have been ly (without the 1 5 second wait
CE adc a.N set 1.(hl) reprinted from Appendix A of the Sinclair Spec- for table set-up) and the current
Cf rst 8 set l.a trum manual. base (Hex or decimal) will be
preserved.
output by commands N and A, f o l l o w e d by Enter and the generated. In fact, it deliberately
just as y o u w o u l d f o r a message will become 'P Printer avoids using the LPRINT state- The next b y t e . . .
disassembly. Every 21 lines the option (Now ONI'. If you then ment to send each line to the The second part of this article,
'More? (Enter = No|' message display memory contents (using printer. Instead it uses COPY, complete w i t h program listing
will appear before a new screen A, N or Dl the information will be the ZX BASIC command which for Spectramon, will be publish-
is started. sent to the printer as well as the sends all of the text on the ed in the June/July issue of ZX
The final t w o commands television, Once you've finished screen to the printer. That's Computing. In the meantime, if
don't output anything printing, press Enter to stop the because it is almost twice as you can't wait to try out Spec-
themselves, but they do change display and then use the com- fast to build up a full screenf ull of tramon for yourself, a tape of
the outpui which the others mand P to switch the printer op- data and then print it using the program is now available
generate. When you first RUN tion off again. COPY than it is to use LPRINT from ASP Software priced at
Spectramon, the message 'P Notice that the printer routine for each line as it is generated. € 5 . 9 9 . For more details, check
Printer option (Now ONI' ap- does not output any lines until The printer can't stop and out the advertisement
pears. Type the command 'P' an entire screen-full has been start very quickly and conse- elsewhere in this issue.
Target star is given by the star turning
to inverse video. The program
ground-based missile launcher
with which you can fire missiles
The game can be altered so
that the missile rises at a faster
W h e n RUN, this program ends if you fail to hit a star. at oncoming alien attackers. rate. This is done by changing
displays a target and a ran You set the difficulty of the You can move your missile line 1 50 to read:
domly placed star near the cen- game yourself at the beginning launcher using the 'N' key to go
tre of the screen. You must of the game; if you input a right and the 'M' key to go left. 1 5 0 IF B < = 19 THEN LET
then, using the 'N' key to move value below 15, the game is The 'Z' key is used to launch B = B-2
left and the ' M ' key to move very hard indeed! The difficulty the missile. You can cheat by
right, position the target so that is calculated in the FOR...TO holding the 'Z' key d o w n all the If you make this change, you
the star is in the middle of it. loop in line 50. time as you move, but this will should also alter line 70 to read:
Pressing the 'X' key will then show up at the end of the game
fire at the star. Missile launcher when the number of shots you 70 IF B < = 0 THEN LET
Confirmation of a hit on the In this program, you control a took is displayed. B = 20

ZX81 CAME
5 LET S = 0 5 PRINT "INPUT DIFFICULTY"
10 L E T X = 15 6 INPUT D
20 LET Z = 0 7 CLS
30 LET V - 0 10 LET S=0
40 LET B =20 20 LET X = 10
50 P R I N T AT B , X ; " i " 30 L E T Y = 10
60 P R I N T RT B + 1 "»% " 4-0 LET U = INT (RND*28J
70 I P B =0 THEN L E T B = 2 0 50 FOR T = 1 TO D
30 P R I N T RT Y , Z - I ; ' V W V 60 P R I N T RT X.. Y ; " I " ; RT X + 4 , Y
90 LET Z = Z + 1 ^g
I
. M
" ; R•«T X + 2 , Y + 2 ; "
_
- " ; RT X * 2 , Y
100 I F Z = 3 1 THEN L E T Y = Y * 5
110 I F Z = 3 1 THEN L E T Z = 0 1 0 0 L E T Y =Y + ( I N K E Y $ = "M "J - ( I M K E Y
120 I F I N K E Y $ = " N " THEN L E T X=X- $="N")
1 1 2 0 I F I N K E Y * = " X " RND Y + 2 = U + 1 T
130 IF IMKEY$="M" THEN LET X =X + HEN GOTO 1 6 0
l' 1 3 0 P R I N T RT 12,U;"*"
140 IF INKEY $ = " Z " THEN LET B=19 14-0 NEXT T _ „ ^
145 IF INKEY$="Z" THEN LET S=S + 1 5 0 P R I N T RT 0 , 1 0 ; " Y O U H I T ";S
1SS STOP
150 I F B < = 1 9 THEN L E T B = B ~ 1 1 6 0 P R I N T RT 12,U;"B"
160 I F Y = 2 0 RND Z =X THEN GOTO 2 1 7 0 LET S =3 + 1
90 1 3 0 PRUSE 5 0
170 I F X = Z RND B + 1=Y THEN GOTO 1 3 5 CLS
300 1 9 0 GOTO 2 0
180 CLS
190 GOTO SO
290 P R I N T RT 1 0 , 6 ; " B L I E W S HRUE
LANDED" YOU HIT 3
293 STOP
300 P R I N T RT 1 0 . 0 , " YOU H I T T H
E RLIEN I N " ; S , " SHOTS"
I
_ *
A sample screen dump from
the program, Target I
A FONTANA ORIGINAL
BETTER PROGRAMMING FOR YOUR
SPECTRUM
AND ZX81
S. ROBERT SPEEL
Consultant Editor:Tim Hartnell
*Over 4 0 programs, ranging ^Special features include PEEK
from the simple to the complex. and POKE, String Arrays and Low
and High-resolution Graphics.
* Includes highly original new
games such as Hero Maker, * Only £ 2 . 9 5
Alien Descender, Vapours on
Available from all good bookshops as well as from
Venus, Asteroid Belt and Fontana Books. Cash Sales Dept.. G.P.O. Box 29,
3-D Maze. Douglas, Isle of Man. British Isles. (Add lOp for
postage in U.K.)
SPECTRUM CAME
Asteroids ahead
Steer your spacecraft clear of
the asteriods in this exciting
game from Mr Bish of Exeter.
There you are, a lonely used in this program for the the yellow spacecraft should be The program is also equipped
spaceship floating through asteroids, the energy screen, noted; SCREEN $ (x,y> would with a routine to give your score jc
space, w h e n suddenly your the spacecraft and the explo- not work w i t h user defined and the best score achieved,
peace is shattered by a swarm of sions. They are set during the in- graphics. and there is also a best-ever 1
asteroids bearing d o w n on you itial display, thus not causing an Line 4 6 0 , which goes to score w i t h the initials of the ah
at a great rate of knots. You can embarrassing pause during the itself, is used to prevent a STOP player w h o managed to build up
manoeuver your craft left using game. message from spoiling the ap- that score. To operate the best- i
the ' 5 ' key or right w i t h the ' 8 ' Logic lines have been used pearance of the screen. Press ever score option, enter: C
*
key. You also possess an energy within the program. The most the Break key to stop the vicious LET e = 0
field w h i c h you can use to well-known example of these circle. 5
as a command, and then SAVE >
deflect asteroids you cannot are present in line 50, but you It should also be noted that
avoid, but beware of running out may like to study the less using: >
the capital letters within quotes >
of energy — the energy field has popular conditional GOTO used in lines 6 2 , 1 0 0 and 4 0 0 are GOTO 4 3 0
only a limited strength and a in line 4 0 5 . Also, the use of user defined graphics and as The program, when LOADed, J
short range. ATTR to detect the presence of such should be entered in will GOTO line 1 and execute J
User defined graphics have been a white asteroid in the path of Graphics mode. itself, complete with variables.

SPECTRUM CAME
1 B O R D E R l i P A P E R 1: C L S : I N st S c o r e = " ; b ' ' " Best ever Scor
K 7: P R I N T R T e> , C ; T L R 3 H I j " R 5 T C e = " ; : P R I N T PLRSH 1 ; e ; " by ";n$
ROJDS RHERDf": PRU&E 1 0 0 ; PRINT POR n = 1 TO 1 5 0 : NEXT n : PRIM
FLRSH 0 . ; ' ' " s t e e r y o u r s p a c e c r a f T PLRSH 0 ; " P r e s s p to p L a y as
t t h r o o 9 h t h e s w a r m or" a s t e r o i a i n " •* " s t o s st v e " •* '' "
ds P r e s s 5 f o r L e i t o r e f o r f to f i n i s h " : PRUSE 0 : GO
R i g h t . P r e s s 0 t o a c t i v a t e y o TO 15 RND I N K E Y $ = " p " ) + ( 4 3 0 RND I
ur c r a f t ' s E n e r g y S c r e e n t o d e s t r N K E Y $ = " S " ) ^->450 RND I H K E Y * ="»*">
oy a s t d / o i d s y o u • c a n n o t a 4 3 0 5 H U E " a s t e r o i d s " LINE 1
vo i d e u t 6 E U R R E - t h e S c r e e n 450 PRINT * ' ' ' « Thank you for
has o n l y a s h o r t r a n g e a n d y o u h a playing. 'Bye"
ve o n l y 5 e n e r g y u n i t s l e f t " ' - ' * 4 6 0 GO TO 4 6 0
You r c r a f t w i l l d i s i n t e g r a t e 9 0 2 0 RESTORE 9 0 7 0 : FOR i» = 1 TO 2 1
a f t e r 5 h i t s ( u » i n g s = 1 , b o d y = 2 ) " " 9 0 3 0 RERD p $
H O U L O N G C R N Y O U 5 U R U I U E ? " ; 9 0 4 0 POR n =0 TO 7
GO S U B 9 0 0 0 : P R I N T * " P r e 9 0 5 0 RERD a : POKE USR p $ + n , a
ss 6 t o s t a r t " : P R U S E 0 : L E T b = 0 9 0 6 0 NEXT n : NEXT to: RETURN
1 0 I N K 0 : C L S ; L E T t = 0 : L E T p 9 0 6 5 BORDER 1 : P h P E R 1 : CLS : IN
=5 L E T 1 = 1 5 : L E T L l - l : L E T f = 6 K 7: GO TO 2
5 0 P O K E 2 3 6 9 2 , 2 5 5 : L E T I = I + ( I N 9 0 7 0 DRTR " a " , 6 2 . 3 3 , 2 5 5 , 1 2 9 , 1 2 9 ,
KEY$ = " Q " R N D L < 2 9 ) - ( I N K E Y $ = " 5 " R 6 5 .. 3 7 2 6
ND I >0 ) : I P I N K E Y $ = " 0 " T H E N L E T 9 0 3 0 DRTR "b",112,146,136,65,129
f = f - l ; I P f > 0 T H E N P R I N T R T 3 , 1 , 129.94.32
INK 6 j " P O R " : GO T O 6 4 9 0 9 0 DRTR " c " . 0 . 0 , 2 4 3 6 . 3 6 . 5 6 y 0 ,
6 2 I P I N K E Y i a - p " T H E N L E T f = / -
1: I P
5., " P O R "
f >0 T H E N P R I N T R T 3 , i ; HsiK
9100 DRTR "d",0,0,43,40,43,32,0,
0
64- I P R T T R ( 8 , U 2 i a l 5 OR R T T R 9110 DhTH "€",0,24,40,40, 16.-0,0,
( 8 , 1 ) = 1 5 T H E N L E T p =p - 1 0
6 6 I P R T T R ( 8 , 1 + 1 . 1 = 1 5 T H E N L E T 9 1 2 0 DRTR i " , 1 1 2 , 1 3 6 , 1 3 6 , 6 3 , 4-0 ,
P-P - 2 43,0,0
6 7 I P p < l T H E N GO T O 4 0 0 9 130 DRTR g " , 0 , 0 . 0 . 5 6 , 44 , 16 , 0 .. 0
100 P R I N T R T 7 , 1 1 ; " " , R T 2 1 , 3 9 1 4 0 DhTA h",O,0,30,16,34,34,23
1,."": P R I N T : P R I N T R T 7 , L ; I N K 2 , 0
6 , " S " , I N U E R S E l ; p > I N V E R S E 0 ; " T 9 150 DRTR "i",94,177,130,223,34,
6 5 , t-6 , c-0
M
: L E T t = t 1 ; L E T 11 = 1: P R I N T R T
21.. R N D * 3 1 ; I N K 7 ; C H R $ ( R N D f l l + l 9 1 6 0 DRTR "j",B,52,65,66,34,17,1
44-) , R T 2 1 , . R N D * 3 1 ; C H R $ l R N D * 1 1 + 1 4 4 . O
4) : GO T u 5 0 9 1 7 0 DhTR "k ** , 9 6 , 1 4 4 , 1 4 4 , 1 1 6 , 1 0 ,
4 0 0 F O R n = 1 T O 3 : P R I N T R T 6 , 1 1 49,65,126
, " ", R T 7 / 1 1 ; I N K 2 ; " M " ; R T 8 9 1 6 0 DRTR "I62,65,242,9,247,13
, 1 1 ; " " : P R U S E 2: P R I N T R T 6 , 1 6 . 144 . 3 6
1; I N K 6 ; " OC"U " ; R T 7 , H i " N N " ; R T 9 1 9 0 DRTR a>" , 1 4 5 , 3 2 , 1 6 , 7 , 2 4 4 , 3 ,
6 , 1 1 ; " P O R " : P R U S E 2 ; N E X T n : P O R 74,137
n = 6 T O 6 : P R I N T R T n , 1 1 ; " 9 2 0 0 DRTR n",100,24,196,0,222,0
NEXT n
. 2 4 . 1 0 2
4-02 C L S : I F b < t — 2 3 T H E N L E T b = 9210 DRTR "<>",0,4,34,18,1,65,50,
t —13
4 0 3 I N K 7 : I P e < b T H E N L E T e = b : 9220 DRTR "p",9,50,66,1,16,34,4,
P R I N T RT 6 , 0 , " Y O U h a v e b e a t e n t O
he b e s t e v e r s c o r e . E n t e r t h e 9 2 3 0 DRTR "s",0,6,170,42,73,65,1
HRLL OF F « « E " " " P r s s s t h e t w a i e 37,137
I t e r s o f y o u r i n i t i a l s " ; L E T n 9 2 4 0 GRTR •• C " , 144 , 76 , 34 , 1 2 3 , 7 2 , 6
$ = *•": POR n = 1 T O 2 . P R U S E 0 : L E T 3 , 3 2 10
n $ = n t> + I N K E Y $ + " . " : N E X T n : GL 5 9 2 5 0 DRTfi "s",0,3,15,15,120,200,
4 0 5 P R I N T ; *• S c o r e = " ; t - 1 3 , " B e 255,56
9 2 oO DATH "t",O,192,2 40,240,30,1
9 . 2 5 5 . 2 6
9 2 7 0 DRTR "u",0,32,63,72,123,36,
7 6 , 144
Art example of the graphics from the

program.
k
Xj
tj -J
1 Q
.•v.
o
<v-" ib
o c*

HILTON COMPUTER V & H COMPUTER SERVICES
SERVICES LIMITED PRESENTS
T h e renowned P E R S O N A L B A N K I N G SPECTRUM SPECTACULAR

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And what programs! New games! Old games'
Maintain p e r m a n e n t r e c o r d s and fully d e t a i l e d
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Business programs (like invoicing and sales ledger),
* A L L c h e q u e b o o k t r a n s a c t i o n s and bank r e c e i p t s word processor, machine code routines, graphics.
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A U T O M A T I C A L L Y P R O C E S S E D (monthly,
All in SPECTRUM SPECTACULAR the new book
q u a r t e r l y , s i x - m o n t h l y o r annually A N D for set by Roger Valentine.
number of payments) SPECTACULAR VALUE AT £4.95
In addition the ability t o s c a r c h . l o c a t e , d e l e t e o r c o r r e c t
p r e v i o u s e n t r i e s . List bv c a t e g o r y facility is included. By the same author:—
Additional B A N K R E C O N C I L I A T I O N module
a v a i l a b l e . ( D r a g o n version s o o n ) t o a u t o m a t i c a l l y WHAT CAN I DO WITH 1K (ZX81) £4.95
match vour Bank Statement to vour P E R S O N A L WHAT CAN I DO WITH 16K? (ZX81) £4.95
B A N K I N G S Y S T E M account." DRAGON EXTRAVAGANZA {Dragon 32) . £4.95
Full instructions included and G U A R A N T E E D after
sales maintenance provided.
PBS Z X 81 £8.95 ( 1 6 K | • Z X S P E C T R U M £9.95 V & H COMPUTER SERVICES
( 4 8 K ) • D R A G O N £ 9 . 9 5 < J2K> 182c KINGSTON ROAD,
REC (for use with above) £5.00
STAINES, MIDDX.
ORDER (specifying lor which machine) by POST from TEL: STAINES 58041
Hilton Computer Services Limited Dept i zx >
Business users please note: Our PAYROLL program is now
14 Avalon Road. Orpington, Kent BR6 9AX
available for ZX61. SPECTRUM, PET, BBC and KONTRON Please
OR1 at the POST OFFICE using TRANSCASH ACCOUNT 302 9557
write for details or send £2 00 lor comprehensive manual.
* YOUR PBS IS NEVER OUT OF DATE *
HRCTWm w ^ a r i '
The affordable FORTH]
F O R T H : A fui implementation of this very last running
I® | 'language Ideal for writing fast moving arcade type games
n
g j | Allows the full colour and sound facilities of the Spectrum [19.95
to be used Future Microdrive enhancements will be made
available 48K Spectrum only
CHESS 1.4: 10 Levels m / c Graphic screen display

16K ZX81 only
INVADERS: Very last m / c action Includes mystery

ship and increasingly difficult screens 16K ZX81 only
M A Z E M A N : A fast aclion m / c game thai re-

produces the spirit ol ihe original The Spectrum
version includes excellent graphics and sound.
J6K ZX81 & 16/48K Spectrum
A D V E N T U R E 1: Based on the original game

by Crowlher this game was the start of the
f 1 ;
f 1 1
ZX81
Adventure craze Reviewed Sinclair Userlss2
Features Save Game routine as the game can 8,95
(•« 1
9.95 1
literally take months to complete 16K ZX81 &
48K Spectrum V 1 1
ABERSOFT
7 MAES AFALLEN, BOW ST, DYFED,SY24 5BA
ZX C O M P U T I N G APRIL/MAY 1983
96
SPECTRUM ZX81
16/48 16K
AWARI ADVENTURE
* T h e ancient African game of logic. It takes 2 minutes to * Over 200 places to explore in this machine code game
leam the rules but far longer to master the tactics. using advanced data compression techniques.
* Select the 'Goat-herd1 level of play and it's an addictive * JMo random elements - you will need skill, cunning and a
game for children (8 + ) that exercises their minds-not sense of humour as you explore caves, forest and castles.
their laser fingers.
* Evade ruthless pursuers and overcome a host of obstacles.
* Select the 'Witch-doctor' level and it's a threat to your
sanitv. We haven't beaten it and we wrote it! * Multiple word commands and single letter abbreviations!
£1000 IN PRIZES
FANTASTIC VOYAGE Buy both A wan and Adventure and enter
the 'Foilkade Challenge' competition.
(ZX81 16K ONLY) Details with cassette or send SAE.
This real-time graphics simulation set inside the human
body was written by a lecturer in anatomy. You are injected ALL GAMES £5.95 EACH, 2 FOR £9.95,
into the blood stream in your miniature submarine. Navi- 3 FOR £13.95 (ANY MIX) INCLUSIVE
gate the arteries, veins and heart to the brain, where a blood
clot must be destroyed. Features a real vascular map. You
will be attacked by lymphocytes which must be destroyed FOILKADE LTD
using arcade game type graphics. Everything you do uses
up precious energy. Three display formats - a lateral and
DEPT ZX1
frontal body scan plus blood vessel name, a close-up scan 66 LITTLEDEAN, YATE
and a laser-sight for fighting lymphocytes. BRISTOL BS17 4UQ
16K ZX81
C . C i S . MANAGEMENT GAMES Spectrum
DALLAS AIRLINE
a game o l o*i o * i 3 ) o r a i > o n a n s i o x o n n t a i i o n n C a n y o u c o m p e t e with British A i r w a y s ' Y o u
Te*as Decisions a t e 'eouirwJ o n purchasing m u s t d e o o e o n i n e n u m b e r or aircraft t o
"•r.-->s . i s It' r » - ; : * c « n e n ; a n d u s e • '<• t i < n q o p e r a t e w h e t h e r TO D u y o r c h a r t e r a n d t h e
ngs a n dt h e b u d d i n g o t p J a l t o r m s andpipeirnos levels of stating a n d m a i n t e n a n c e Problems
C a n y o ulake-over t h e Ewing Empire in wi ty o u encountered are tan demands stt-kes
be takon-ove- in t ^ o attempt' c a n c e l l e d flights t r a c k s a n c aircraft c r a s h e s
AUTOCHEF PRINT SHOP

A s M D Of a C a i o - m g C o m p a n y y i > u m u s t n e g o You o w n a small p u n t i n g company a n d are
• H!« t o ' l e a s e s -it;;: :ie o n m e n u p r i c e s , l e v e l ol r e q u i r e d i o d e c . i c o n ia> t h e n u m b e r a n o t y p e ot
/.ages advertising a n d dividends Each y e a ' staff y o u <3mploy a n d w h e n lo increase or
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r r a d c t o r e s i g n <f y o u a r e n o t s u c c c s s t u i T h e r e you siock ( e l t h e «veek -n A h i c n work is
a r e 3 levels o l difficulty scheduled idi Ihequotation tore a c h There are
3 s c a l e s o t O'flicuity
FARMER a large wheat ( a r m Decisions a r e

required o n * n e n t o plant ungate t er t i l i z e s p t a y a n d h a r v e s t y o u r l a r d
EXCI LLENT ROYALTtES
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IPSWICH 8'ainA.jvt M.cioi'lia ?-» Dc.v ••i<rt>t
ZX81 UTILITY
user character
per case. Numbers entered as in-
verse video will actually be
p r i n t e d as n o r m a l video
n u m b e r s , w h e r e a s if any
numbers are entered as normal
video, they will be printed as the
extra characters which have I
been defined for them.
Extra,extra
Print upper and lower case
If you have entered your own
characters, having answered i
characters with your ZX81 with

'Y' to the prompt:
DO YOU W A N T TO ENTER I
this clever program written by

YOUR O W N USER-DEFINED [
CHARACTERS? ( Y O R N )
David Mold of Cheshunt. then they can be obtained by f

t y p i n g in the graphics cor-
responding to the Sinclair codes
1 to 10 (for details check out [
Appendix A of the Sinclair ZX81 I
manual). For example, CHRS 1 I
corresponds to the first user- E
definable graphic.
Character definition should 1
only be attempted if you under- I
stand the way that a characters I
made up from binary numbers I
(eight for each character). These I
numbers must then be trans- I
lated into decimal to be typed i n - 1
t o the p r o g r a m . The extra |
graphics characters, along with I
the number that has to be I
entered to produce them is I
shown in Fig. 1.
Line by line
Before typing in or re-LOADing
this program from tape, it is irn- I
' :: V. .
portant that you enter the |
following t w o lines (each follow- [
ed by Newline) as direct com- I
mands:
POKE 1 6 3 8 9 , 1 2 4
NEW
in order to reserve space above I

•• •
RAMtop for the LPRINT routine I
which is copied out from the I
ROM in lines 10 to 50.
Here follows a brief break- I
d o w n of the structure of the pro- I
gram.
Lines 1 0 0 to 1 7 0 copy from the

ROM into the array S, all the
codes for Sinclair's characters,
from ' 0 ' to 'Z' (normal video).
Lines 2 0 0 to 2 7 0 copy from the
ROM into the array U, all the ex-
tra Sinclair symbols, such as' *',
etc. These will then be ob-
Similar in nature to the user w i t h the prompt; prompt: tainable directly when the pro-
definable graphics program by gram is in use.
Chris Callender which appeared NOW ENTER THE CODES FOR ENTER TEXT TO BE LPRINTED Lines 3 0 0 to 3 7 0 allow the user
in the August/September issue THE SPECTRUM CHARACTER USING NEW CHARACTER SET to enter the codes for the lower
of ZX Computing, this program SET case characters into the array U.
is rather more flexible in that it At this stage, you simply enter (These codes are shown in Fig.
will store a character set of up to Simply type in the codes given what y o u w o u l d like to be 1). Every other line of this prin-
9 9 characters and enable them for the lower case characters printed in upper and lower case. tout has the codes to be entered,
to be LPRINTed simply by enter- (like on the Spectrum), and Any letters you enter as nor- separated by 7 ' to represent
ing a string (X$). these will be placed in the mal video will be printed in lower Newline, and above each set of.
Once you have entered the array, U. case. Any letters entered as in- codes is the number that should
program, you will be greeted You will now be given the verse video will be printed as up- appear at the top of the screen

Z X 8 1 UTILITY
when these codes are to be 9 9 9 0 to 9 9 9 9 ) . When all the ar- 0 / 0 / 8 4 -'34 / 8 4 / 8 4 / 4 0 . ' 0 / 6 1
entered (and represent the rays have been entered, lines 0/0 ,'63/40/16/40/63/0 62
codes' positions in the array U). 1 0 0 to 5 0 0 can be deleted. Line 0 / 0 / 6 6 -'66 .'66 . 6 2 . 2.- 6 0 / 6 3
Lines 4 0 0 to 4 8 0 allow you to 1 should then be changed to 0 / 0 '12.; - S y 16 .'32. 1 2 4 / 0 /
define y o u r o w n g r a p h i c s read 1 SAVE " C h a r a c t e r s " . Fig 1 The codes for the lower case characters to be entered into the
characters, and enter them in Connect up your cassette, start array, U.
decimal form. it recording, then enter GOTO 1
Lines 5 0 0 to 7 0 0 allow you to as a direct command. Do not use 1 S A V E •CHRRA.rrEPfl' 1
enter whatever you wish to be RUN or the arrays will be wiped. 5 FRST
printed using the new character Make sure that all DIM state- 10 FOR 1=0 TO 112
set, and then looks up the codes ments have been erased. The
20 POKE 3 X '44 + 1 , PEEK / 216.2
for these characters in the ap- program, when LOADed, will 30 NEXT X
propriate arrays, mapping them begin straight a w a y , w h i c h
40 POKE 31800,63
avoids the danger of the user
50 POKE 31557,201
into the array A, for LPRINTing 1 0 0 r.TM <r, . r?:
using the s u b r o u t i n e f r o m typing RUN instead of GOTO to 110 LET X=7903
Sinclair's printer manual (lines begin. 1 2 0 F O R S * T4"5 *"-£>
1 3 0 FOP. P = 1 T O §
1 4 0 L E T 5 (N , P ) = P E E K IXfP.5
26 150 NEXT P
2 5 5 / 0 . ' ' 0 / © / © / © / © .• © / 160 LET X =X+6
29 170 NEXT N
0 / 1 6 / 1 6 / 1 6 / 1 6 SQs l • 200 DIM U163.6)
30 205 LET X =7767
6 0 / 6 6 / 1 5 3 / 1 6 5 y 1 6 5 / 1 5 3 y 64- y 6*3 y 210 FOR N=ll TO 27
31 220 FOR P=1 T O ©
0 / 3 6 y 1 2 6 y 3 e* y 3 6 / 1 2 t v > ' 3 f \ •• 230 LET UtN.Pi =PEEK IXfPJ
32 240 NEXT P
1 6 / 5 6 / 3 5 / 1 4 6 . . ' 1 6 / 1 6 / 1 6 / 1 6 , . ' 250 LET X=X*6
33 260 NEXT N
0 / 9 8 / 1 0 0 y 3 y 1 6 / 3 3 y 7 0 / £ V •• 270 GOTO 500
34 3 0 0 P R I N T R T 0 , ©.; " > N O U E N T E R T H
0 / 4 . 3 / 7 2 / 5 ^ / 7 6 / 7 2 / 5 4 / 0 / E CODES FOR T H E SPECTRUM CHRR
35 RCTER SET"
0 / 8 / 8 / 1 6 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 . . ' 310 FOR N =2B T O 6 3
36 3 2 0 PRINT RT 3.0;N
0 / 1 2 O / 3 6 / 3 6 / 3 6 / 3 S / 36/«^.- 330 FOR P = 1 T O ' 8
37 3 4 0 PRINT RT 4.0,P
6 0 / 6 6 / 1 5 3 / 1 6 1 / 1 6 1 . . ' 1 5 3 . . ' 6 6 . ' f i , \ ' 350 INPUT U(N^P)
33 360 NEXT P
0 / 0 / 6 0 / 2 / 6 2 / 6 6 / 6 2 / VJ / 370 NEXT N
39 4 00 CLS
0/64-/64- / 1 2 4 / t 6 / 6 6 . . ' 1 2 4 . ' 0 / 410 PRINT ">DO YOU U«NT TO
40 R YOUR OUN U S E R - C C r I N E D C H A R M T
0 / 0 / 6 0 /64,.'t'4/6-l-..'t«k*..,k'..' ER? <Y OP N 1 "
41 4 20 I N PL? R i
0 / 2 / 2 / 6 2 / 6 6 / 6 6 / 6 2 / ? / 425 I F fi$="N" THEN GOTO 5 0 0
42 4 3 0 FOR U=1 TO 10
0 / 0 / 6 0 / 6 6 / J W / 6 4 . . ' 6 2 / S » / 4.40 P R I N T HT 3 . 0 ; N
43 4 5 0 FOP TO' 6
0 / 1 2 / 1 6 / 5 6 / 1 6 / 1 6 / 1 & / © / 4 6 0 PRIJ-JT RT 4 , © . P
44. 4 8 5 INPUT LMN.PJ
0 / 0 Z 6 0 / 6 6 / 6 6 y e a / 2 . - 6 © y 4 70 MEXT P
45 4 8 0 NEXT N
/e 0/64. / 6 4 / 1 2 0 / 6 6 / 6 8 / 6 B / P . / 5 0 0 CLS
le
46 5 0 5 SLOU
le 0 / 1 6 / 0 / 4 6 / 1 6 / 1 6 / 5 6 / 0 S 51Q P R I N T "ENTER TEXT TO EE LPR
47 INTED USING NEU CHRPRCTEP SET : "
k- 0 / 4 / 0 / 1 2 / 4 / 4 / 6 8 / 5 5 Z 5 2 0 INPUT X$
o 46 522 F f i S T
0 / 3 2 / 4 0 Z 4 6 / 4 8 / 4 0 / 3 6 0 / 5 2 5 C- Zl: R 3 2 . 5 !
49 5 3 0 FuR X = 1 t d
0 / 3 2 / 3 2 / 3 2 / ' 3 2 .- 3 2 / 2 4 © / 540 IF X l l X / s " " THEN GOTO 7 0 0
50 5 5 0 I F LOLL X S l X / >127 THfcN GOTO
0 / 0 / 1 0 4 / 6 4 / 6 4 / 6 4 , 6 4 , ' 0 / 600
B.
51 560 FOR Y = 1 TO 6
0 / 0 / 1 2 0 / 6 S / 6 6 . ' 6 6 6 6 / © / 570 LET R tX .Y> =13 iCODE XV 4X* V i
ie 52 560 NEXT Y
K-
t 0 /0 / 5 6 / 6 6 .' 6 6 .' 6 6 .- 5 6 S 590 GOTO 70G
53 60O F O R Y s l TO S
10 LET fl i X . V i = 5 ( C O D E X X> -155
f
b- 0 / 0 / 1 2 0 / 6 3 / 6 3 / 1 2 0 .•* 6 4 / 6 4 . •' 6
3- 54 Y)
0 / 0 / 6 0 ' 6 8 / 6 3 . • • 6 0 . - ' 4 . / 620NEXT V
3r 55 700NEXT X
0 / 0 / 2 8 / 3 2 ..'32, • ' 3 2 / 3 2 / 0 . . ' 9 9 9 0 FOR U = 1 TO 32
I 55 9 9 9 1 FUR K - 1 TO G
0 / 0 / 6 0 , ' 6 4 / 5 6 y 4 y 1 2 0 / 0 , ' 9 9 9 2 POKE 32255+-K<-6f ( d - 1 ) K>
J-
57 9 9 9 3 NEXT K
l- 0 / 3 £ /' 1 1 2 / 3 2 3 2 3 2 . . ' 2 4 . 0 . •• 9 9 9 4 NEXT J
J. 53 9 9 9 5 FOR H = 0 TO 3 1
rt 0 / 0 / 6 8 / 6 S / 6 3 / 6 3 / S 6 / 0 / 9 9 9 6 POKE 1 6 4 4 4 f H . H
)f 59 9 9 9 7 NEXT H
d 0 / 0 / 6 8 y 6 3 / 4 0 . - 4 0 , . ' J 6 . . ' 0 •* 9 9 9 3 LET HPPINT=USR 3 1 7 4 4
n 60 9 9 9 9 GOTO 5 0 0

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Any enquiries concerning Routines to take print lines direcl from screen
Lower case letters even on a ZX81'
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SPECTRUM EDUCATION
ZX-CESIL 2 - part one

John Miller has taken a quick
break from his A-levels to
prepare us a splendid
implementation of the
educational computer language
for your z x Spectrum.
Those people studying for ' 0 ' Which mode (1 or 2|? lis List the CESIL pro-
gram.
Types of argument
level or 'CSE' Computer Studies
at school, more than likely have In reply, enter 1 or 2. new Re initiate program
to learn the language CESIL Mode 1 means output to same as stopping the a - The argument required is:
(Computer Education in Schools screen only and mode 2 means program and entering (i) Space, any whole
RUN 1. number between
Interactive Language) which o u t p u t to both screen and
ter Stop the interpreter - 3 2 7 6 8 and + 32768.
supports 14 program printer. The Spectrum's screen — terminate. or (ii) Space, a ; any integer
statements as standard and a BORDER state depends upon * Start CESIL entry.
handful of c o m m a n d s . The the current mode: between 1 and 99.
language I chose to implement When using 'cha' or 'del', the eg (i) loa - 2
CESIL in was ZX Spectrum Green for Mode 1 (ii) add a5
first parameter is the line to be
BASIC - with 48K RAM. (The Yellow for Mode 2 edited (del followed by Enter
use of a ZX Printer is optional.) b - The argument required is:
f o l l o w e d by 5 f o l l o w e d by
T y p e in t h e program When the message 'C?' is out- Space, 'I' , any integer 1
Enter, will delete the fifth line).
(carefully?) and then enter the put, you are required to enter a to 99.
When '?' is output, you are
command: CESIL command: eg jiz 110
required to enter a CESIL line.
Labelled lines are 11 to I99 and
RUN 1 C O M M A N D NOTES store locations are designated c The argument required is:
beg Execute the CESIL a1 to a 9 9 (positive constants Space, quote, any alpha-
T w o pages of introduction will program, do not require ' + '). Please note numeric text of length 1
be displayed, then you will see cha Change a CESIL line, that 'I' means 'label'. to 22, close quote.
the prompt: del Delete a CESIL line. eg pri "Hello there!"
L
104 ZX COMPUTING APfllL'MAY 1983
mode may be achieved by press- Illegal use of argument
INSTRUCTION PURPOSE ARGUMENT TYPE ing the space key as long as it error.
is unshifted! Space missing error.
add Addition a Label missing error.
div Division a Labelled lines Illegal operand.
hal Halt execution n Number out of range
in Input from data n (i) Labels - 11 to 19 error.
jin Jump if negative b The format is I, n. Space, Space, Ixi) Location missing.
J u m p if zero b instruction + argument, (xii) Invalid location.
jum Jump b eg 11 lin (xiii) Missing quote error,
kin Input from keyboard n (xivl Invalid text error.
lin Start new line n A l s o , a r g u m e n t s s h o u l d be (xv) What?
loa Load a number a preceded by a single space, in (xvi) Statement as command
mul Multiplication a turn preceded by the instruc- error.
out Output n tion. (xvii) No more program room.
pri Print c To SAVE the ZX-CESIL 2 pro- (xviii) Data invalid.
sto Store d gram, type in the following: (xix) First 2 0 items of data
sub Subtraction a only accepted.
$ Comments e SAVE " c e s i l " LINE 4 4 5 0 (xx) No hal instruction.
(xxi) Last line reached or hal
The program, w i t h all variables, executed.
uses approximately 18K. W i t h (xxii) Called label does not
d - The argument required is: following changes to the BASIC the screen, printer buffer, etc, exist.
Space, a, any number 1 program (x = the number in- this expands to 2 5 . 9 K (xxiii) Arithmetic overflow.
to 9 9 (integer), stead of 1 0 0 — maximum value
eg sto a 8 6 = 255). Errors
e - The argument required is: 2 0 . . . : DIM p$ (x,25):
Z X - C E S I L 2 g e n e r a t e s error Part two...
messages for various user er-
Any alpha numeric text Due to the length of this listing, it
rors. The possible error/report
of length 1 to 2 3 . 1 3 8 0 FOR x = 1 TO x was decided to run the article
messages are:
eg : This is a comment 2 0 3 0 FOR z = V A L i$ + over t w o issues. The second
1 TO* (i) Data all used. part of this feature will contain
n - No argument required. 3 7 1 0 If last l n < ( x + 1) (ii) List complete. the remainder of the listing, as
THEN GO TO (iii) Illegal label error. well as some screen dumps of
All instructions are standard, ex 3750 (iv) Instruction does not ex- t h e p r o g r a m in a c t i o n . Our
cept 'kin', which is the same as 4 1 8 0 FOR c = 1 TO x ist. apologies for the inconvenience
BASIC'S INPUT number. The in- During CESIL2 execution or (v> Command as statement and our hope that you find it
struction 'in' is the same as CESIL2 listing (lis), command error. worth the wait.
BASIC'S READ. All arithmetic is
calculated solely using the ac-
cumulator.
In order to exit from CESIL 2
entry, enter:
%
As a line, you will then be asked

to enter the data string in the
form:
n1,n2, n 3 , . . . n x , *
nl = item 1
n2 = item 2 . . . /
nx = last item
eg. 1,2, 3, 5 , 7 . 9 , *
(Note the comma before the * I
For no data, just enter an

asterisk. (Also, only the first 2 0
items will be accepted.)
To change t h e d a t a for
another RUN of the same pro-
gram:
PROMPT ENTER
C? *
? %
Data? data string
Also, if after entering and ex-

ecuting a CESIL program, entry
mode is again initiated and the ' I
lines will be added to the end of
the previous lines. The number >i
of program lines available is 1 0 0
i Ithat's my limit — not the Spec- /
tium's).
To change the m a x i m u m /}
number of lines, make the

SPECTRUM EDUCATION
10 REM t up v a r i a b l e s etc. 5 6 0 CLS : PRINT • T h e cosHands s
DIM a$(99,2J. DIM CJi£0,3): u p p o r t e d a r e :
D I M d » C 2 0 , 2 : > : D I M J S O l ) ; D I M k 5 7 0 P R I N T " b e g , c h a , d e I I i s , n e »
* ( 2 5 » : DIM 1>(S9) :
D I M p * (100.. 2 5 , t e r , K s t a r t "
> : D I M C (FIOJ ; D I M I (20» 580 PRINT p r o g r a m e n t r y t e r '
3 0 D R T R " a d d ' M l 0 0 / ' b t 9 " / l / ' C h r e t u r n s y o u t o B A S I C ) "
a" , 2 0 0 , " d e r , . , 2 0 1 / ' d i v M 1 0 l / , h a l 5 9 0 P R I N T " T h e s t a t e m e n t s s u p p
•' 1002.. " i n " . 1 0 0 3 , " J i n " . 1 3 0 0 / ' j i o r t e d a r e ' : "
z * ,1301. jUtt " , 1302.. " X i n " , 1 0 0 4 , * I 6 0 0 P R I N T a d d , d i v , h a L , i n , j i n ,
i n" , 1 0 0 s lis " I O 3 " . 1 1 0 2 , "ttU I J l Z , J U I i k1 i1 n1 ) ,
1 1 0 3 " n e w " , 7 / , o u t " , 1 & 0 3 , " p r i " .. PRINT " t i n , i o d / » u l ^ o u t , p r i
1 4 - 0 0 . " £ t o " , 1500 s u b " , 1104
4-0 FOR C = 1 TO 20 t?20 PR I N f comment m a m e r ) "
5 0 READ C $ ( C C ( C) 630 PRINT See t e x t f o r e x p lan
6 0 NEXT c a t i on o f ail t h e s e a. r u l e s 1
7 0 LET b * = '• " : L E T ,xp OS =0 o be o b e y e d . "
7 5 FOR C =1 T O 2 0 ; REftD L t c > N 640 PRINT ' " f i l l n u m b e r s are int
EXT C egers b e t w e e n - 3 2 7 6 7 a n d -f-32767 t
3 0 FOR C =1 TO 9 9 ; L E T l $ ( C . i =CM inclusive)
R$ 0 ; NEXT C 650 PRINT S t o r e 1 o c a ions a r e
9 0 LET a c c = 0 a l t o a 9 9 I a be i s a r e 1 1 t o 19
1 0 0 LET mode = 1
1 1 0 DRTfi 720,4150,2120,19SO,760 100 CEalL Lines m a y
330.. 1 9 4 0 , 1900', 1 B 6 0 , Q30 . =>70 . 6 6 0 P R I N T
1 3 5 0 1 0 1 0 , 1 0 5 0 , 10 93 , l l l p , 1 1 5 0 , lef be
6 7 0
s t o r e d . "
P R I N T R T F L R 5 M 1; I N
4-0 , 1 3 1 0 1 , 1 0 ,
K 1 ; " P r e s s a n u k e y "
1 2 0 LET W $ =" " 6 6 0 I F I N K E Y $ = " THEN G O TO 6 8 0
130 L E T cn = 0 6 9 0 C L S
14© LET c I i n e = 0 7 0 0 P R I N T "Ule I c o w e t o 2 X - " ; INK
150 L E T dp =0 0 ; " C E S I L " ; I N K l ; " 2 " ; I N K '0, €
160 LET y J . H i 1 l e r "
170 L E T r $ - C M R $ 13 7 I O GO T O CfiiOde
175 REM L i n e n u m b e r s f o r s u b s , 7 1 5 REM L i n e s 7 2 0 - 2 2 5 0 a r e the
180 L E T l a t e l t n =4.370 i m p l e m e n t a t i o n S / f t £
1 9 0 LET t e x t p r i n t = 3 3 3 0 7 2 0 REM tfttadd
200 L E T cmode =34(50 7 3 0 GO S U B f e t c h n o
210 LET
220 LET if ne Ct ch he nCoK == 33 02 72 00 7 4 0
7 5 0
L E T
GO T O
a c c = a c c + 2
o v e r a o - w
2 3 0 LET o v e r f 1 c«w = 3 1 6 0 7 6 0 R E M « « d i v
2 4 0 LET n e x t = 4 3 0 0 7 7 0 GO S U B f e t c h n o
2 5 0 LET b r e a k =330© 7 3 0 I F N O T 2 T H E N GO T O 3 1 9 0
2 5 0 LET S ' j n c h e c K = 2 2 5 0 7 9 0 L E T a c c s I U T l a c c / z )
2 7 0 LET e r r o r = 3 0 2 0 6 0 0 GO T O n e x t
2 3 0 LET i n p u t
£ 9 0 LET X X = 0 = 3 4 1 0
3 1 0 R E M 8 Oh a I
? 2 0 GO T O 4 3 4 0
2 9 5 REM F l a g s 3 3 0 REM tJftin
3 0 0 LET v a l i d = 0 3 4 0 I F d p 0 LET w $ = " D a t a a l l
GO To
u s e a . " +1- 5
s e e
3 6 0 GO S U B t e x t p r i n t
3 2 5 REM & a n c r a v a r 1 ab 1e s 3 7 3 GO T O crcode
3 3 0 LET 2 = 0 3 3 0
3 4 0 LET n = 0 F
L E T
d ± ( d p . 2 )
2 = C O D E d $ I d p , '1 J # 2 5 6 + C O D
3 5 0 LET c =0
3 6 0 LET X = 0
3 9 0 I F 2 >32767 THEN LET 2-2-655
3 6
3 7 0 LET
3 3 0 LET i 5 - " "
9 0 0 LET ACC=2
3 9 0 LET n * = " "
9 1 0 L E T d p = d p + l
9 2 0
4 0 0 LET l a s t i n = 1 GO TO n e x t
410 LET i t e n = 0 93 O REH FOUKIN
4 2 0 L E T l i t m =0 9 4 0 GO T»UB I N P U T
4 3 0 L E T t » s •• " 9 5 0 L E T a c C = U f t L i $
4 4 0 REM b = 0 9 6 0 GO TO next
4 5 0 BORDER tttlEnd i n 1 11 a l i s a t i o n A 7 0 R E M ttttlin
L5 2 INK 0 . PAPER 7 9 8 0 L E T IIIJ = R J
460 9 9 0 GO S U B t e x t P r i n t
P R I N T INK 2 ; ZX - 1000 GO T O n e x t
* INK 0 ; " C E S I L " ; INK 1 ; " 2 " j 0 1
0 R E M ttttloa
4
0 PRINT " 1020 GO S U B f e t c h n o
1 3 3 0 LET BCC=Z
430 PRINT ' ' T h i s p r o g r a m allows 1O4 0 GO T O NEXT
the u s e r to 1 0 5 0 REM »»MUI
490 PRINT ' " s p e a k to the comput 1060 GO SUB f e t c h n o
e r i n ".; INK 1.; " C E S I L " ; INK 0;". 1 3 7 3 L E T a c c = a c c * z
1 0 3 3 GO T O o v e r f l o w
500 PRINT '"The v e r s i o n of OESI 1 0 9 0 REM ttttnew
L used is" 1 .100 RUN 10
5 1 0 P R I N T ' INK 2.; " 2 X - " ; INK 0 : 1 1 ± 0 R E M TTTTOUT
" CESIL".; INK 1.; " 2 . 4 " ; INK 0 ; " 1 120 LE T W$=" " + S T R $ A CC
i s u n i que to the " 1 1 3 0 GO S U B t e x t p r i n t
520 PRINT ' " S i n c l a i r ZX Spectru 1 1 4 0 GO T O n e x t
m with 16K" 1 I S O R E M i t n p r i
530 PRINT " B f i S I C i n ROM a n d 4 6 1 1 5 5 R E M F i n d t e x t , isolate and
K PFIM." o u t p u t i t .
540 PRINT RT 2 1 , 1 0 ; FLASH Xj IN 1 1 6 0 L E T w $ =p $ ( c l i n e , T u
K 1 : " P r e s s a n y k e y " 1 1 7 0 F O R C = 1 TO 2 3
5 5 0 I F I N K E Y j c " " THEN GO T O 550 1 I S O I F U $ ( C:« = r $ T H E N L E T w$=u>$<

•
SPECTRUM EDUCATION
1 3 0 0 NEXT x
T O C> 1 8 0 5 REM O u t p u t data s t r i n g
1 1 9 0 I F LEN THL!-t GO TO 1210
12GO NEXT C 1310 LET w$~t$+r$*r*
.12 1 0 LET TO L E N w $ -1) 1 3 2 0 GO SUB textprint
1 2 2 0 G O SUB textprint 1 8 3 0 L E T w$ = " L i £ l comp l e t e " + r $
1 2 3 0 G O TO n e x t 134.0 GO SUB textprint
1240 REM tttJStO 1 6 5 0 GO TO cmode
1250 LET z=CODE p$lcline 3 j 1 8 6 0 RE M t t n j u m
12e£J 1-IFT 3 C C 2 = £ I C C 1 8 7 0 GO SUB labelfn
127© I F a c c 2 < 0 THEN L E T a c c a = a c c 1 8 3 0 LET c 11 n e = z - 1
2t6S536 1 8 9 0 Gu TO n e x t
1280 L E T a $ (2 1 ) =CHR$ I N T (3CC2/ 1 9 0 0 REM ttttjiz
256) 1 9 1 0 GO SUB L a b e l f n
LET a $ ( z . 2 ) - C H R » INT (acca- 192© I F a C C = 0 THEN LET cunesz-l
<2S6*INT lac C 2 / 2 5 6 ) ) J 1 9 3 0 GO TO n e x t
1300 GO TO n e x t 194-0 REM ttttjin
131(3 REM Bttsub 1 9 5 0 GO SUB labelfn
1320 GO SUB felchno .1950 I F a C C < 0 THEN L E T c l i n e = z - 1
1330 LET acc=acc-z 1 9 7 0 GO TO n e x t
1 3 4 0 GO TO o v e r f l o w 1 9 3 0 REM » 8 d e l
1350 REM ttttlis 1 9 9 0 LET ut$ = "lJhi ch l i n e ? +r $
1355 REM S t a r t a new p a g e 2 0 0 0 GO SUB textprint
1 3 6 0 LET X P C S = £ ) 2 0 1 0 GO SUB i n p u t
1 3 7 0 CLS 2 0 2 0 I F URL i i < l OR URL i $ > l a s t I
1380 FOR x = i TO 1 0 0 r, THEN GO TO 2 0 1 0
1390 XF P $! ( X J, £ J < > " ; ' TMEN GO TO 2 0 2 5 REM S h i f t a I l i i n e s f o l l o w -
1430 REM N o t a c o m m e n t ? i n g t h a t d e l e ted d o w n l
1 4 0 0 L E T w * = P $ <x + r $ 2 0 3 0 FOR Z =URL i $ + l TO 1 0 0
1410 GO SUB textprint 204-0 L E T p $ ( Z - l ) = p $ l Z >
1430 GO TO 1 7 9 0 2 0 5 0 NEXT Z
1430 I F p $ (X .. 1) " THEM GO T O 1 2 0 6 0 L E T l as t I n = l as t I n - 1
4665: REM R l a b e l l e d line? 2 0 6 5 REM fid J u s t label di c t i o n a r y
1440 L E T M $ = " l " + S T R $ CODE p $ ( X ) 2 0 7 0 FOR Z = 1 TO 9 9
1450 GO SUB textprint 2 0 B 0 I F CODE l * ( Z > = U R L THEN L.
1460 I F x s l a s t l n THEN GO T O 1610 ET I $ ( Z ) = C H R * 0
: REM E n d o f program? 2 0 9 0 I F CODE l $ ( z ) >l'RL i % THEN
1465 R E M W o r k o u t i n s t r u c t i o n ET I S ( 2 ) = C H R $ (CODE l$(Z) 13
2 1 0 0 NEXT Z
1470 L E T n =C (CODE P * ( X ^ 2 ) ) 2110 GO T O CftiOde
14S0 LET n = I N T ( I N T (n - ( I N T ( n / i
2 1 2 0 REM ttttcha
£3) * l e 3 ) ) / 1 0 0 ) LET w $ = " C h a n g e line?' + r $
1490 LET x p o s s i 2 1 3 0
4 0 GO SUB textprint
1 5 t 2 > 0 LET w$ = C $ ( C O D E p $ ( X ^ 2 i ) 2 3
1510 GO SUB GO SUB i n p u t
textprint 2 1 5 0
2160 I F URL i $ < 1 OR UfiL i $ > l a s t l
1520 I F n < > 4 THEN GO TO 1610 n THEN GO TO 2 1 5 0
1525 REM I s P r i . 2 1 7 0 LET w $ = " C h a n g e line
1530 L E T i $ =p > (x 3 T O ) • i $+'
+ r $
1540 LET w^-s." " " " t o ? '
1550 FOR 2 = 1 TO 2 3 2130 GO SUB textprint
1560 I F i $ ( Z ) = r $ TMEN L E T i $ (Z ) 2190 I N P U T L I N E J$
i< it || u 2200 L E T X = U R L i $
1570 NEXT Z 221© GO SUB s y n c h e c k
1580 LET w$=w$ + i $ + r $ 2220 I F b a d T H E N GO TO 2 1 7 0
1590 GO SUB textprint 2230 LET P 5 (X J =K$: REM S t o r e new
16(3(3 GO TO 1 7 9 0 2 2 4 - 0 I F l a b T H E N L E T
l i n e .
l $ ( l a b J = CHR
1610 I F n < >0 THEN GO TO 1 6 5 0 £ x ; R E H l a b = l m e a n s l a b e l l e d
1615 REM I s h a l , i n . X i n l i n o r l i n e .
ou t . 2250 GO T O c m o d e
1620 LET w $ = r $ 2260 R E M 8 8 s y n c h e c k
1630 GO SUB textprint 2 2 7 0 D I M H $ ( 2 5 )
1640 GO TO 1 7 9 0 2 2 7 5 R E M R e s e t f l a g s
1650 I F n < > l THEN GO TO 1 7 2 0 £ 2 8 0 L E T b a d = 0
1655 REM I S add,diV,loa y »u I o r 2 2 9 0 L E T 1 a b = 0
S U b ,
2 3 0 0 I F L E N „iS;<3 T H E N GO T O 24-6©
16tj\3 LET w $ =p jfc ( x 3 ) 2 3 0 5 R E M I f l i n e has a valid Lab
1670 LET X —CODE P $ ( > : . 4 ) > 2 5 6 + C O D C e 1 t h e n 2 3 3 0
p $ (X 5 )
168(3 I f z >32767 THEN LET Z =Z - 6 5 ! 2 3 1 0 I F R N D
36 A N D J $ ( 2 j < = " 9 " R N D ( j $ ( 3 ) > ^ " 0 "
1690 LET " + w i + 5TF(Ji z + r $ R N D J | ( 3 ) < a " 9 " O R J * ( 3 ) = J T H E
i7(3C5 GO SUB textprint N GO T O 2 3 3 0
1710 GO TO 1 7 9 0 2 3 2 © GO T O 2 3 9 0
1720 I F n < > 3 THEN GO TO 1 7 6 0 2 3 3 0 L E T L a b = U P L J $ ( 2 T O 3 )
1725 REM I s J i n ^ J i z o r Jum. 2 3 4 - 0 I F 1 a b < 1 OR l a b > 9 9 T H E N GO
173© LET w $ = " l " f S T R $ CODE p $ ( X T O 2 3 8 0 . R E M L a b e l i n v a l i d
3) +f $ 2 3 5 0 L E T k $ ( 1 ) = C H R $ l a b
1740 GO SUB textprint 2 3 6 0 L E T J»=J$(S T O )
1750 GO TO 1 7 9 0 2 3 7 0 GO T O 2 3 9 0
1760 I F r> < y& T H E N GO TO 1 7 9 0 /
1755 REM I S STO
1770 LET w s = " a + S T R $ C O D E P $ ( X To be continued... /
3) + r $ /
i760 G O SUB textprint The remainder of this listing will be included in the June/July issue of
1730 G O S U B b r e - a if. ZX Computing.
/

ZX81 CAME
Your number's up with Written for the unexpended

Z X 8 1 , this program is a version
2
35
LET CR = V A L " 1 0 "
LET CR = CR - VAL" 1"
this program from Mark of the old favourite 'Fruit

machine'. However, in this pro-
37
38
PRINT "SCORE TABLE-
PRINT
Burke from County gram, instead of designs, bars,

apples, etc, you use numbers.
40 PRINT " 5 - -
POINTS"
=2
Wexford, Ireland. At the beginning of the

game, you have 10 points in
50 PRINT " 2 EQUAL
NUMBERS TOGETHER
credit. These are displayed on a = 3 POINTS"
small score table on the screen. 60 PRINT " A L L THREE THE
When you touch any key, the SAME - 6 POINTS-
game starts and three numbers 80 PRINT
are displayed. If you get any PRINT "CREDITS =
t w o numbers the same beside 85 " "CR
each other, you are awarded LET X = INT{RND # VAL
three points; if you get all three 86 "10")
numbers the same you will be LET Y = INT(RND * VAL
awarded the maximum of six 87 "10")
points. Should you get the LET Z = INT(RND * VAL
number 5 in the first position, 88 "10")
you get a bonus score of t w o PRINT " • • • • • • • •
points. 90
The number of credit points PRINT \ - X ; " B *;Y;
you have decreases by one 94 w m * 2 *"
point for each turn. The game PRINT" • • • • • • • •
ends when your credit rating 96 • • • • • • • • "
reaches zero. As there is limited IF X = VAL " 5 " AND
memory left over, I was unable 98 Y < > X THEN LET
to include a 'hold' feature, but CR = CR + VAL" 2 "
I'm sure that those of you w i t h IF X = Y AND Y = Z
99
extra memory will be able to THEN LET
write a quick routine to make CR = CR + V A L " 6 "
up for my omission. IF X = Y AND Z < > X OR
100
X < > Y AND Y = Z THEN
LET CR = CR + V A L " 3 *
IF CR = PI - PI THEN
105
GOTO V A L " 1 3 0 "
107 PRINT "TOUCH ANY
KEY"
110 PAUSE 4E4
115 CLS
120 GOTO V A L " 3 5 "
130 PRINT "FINISHED NO
CREDITS LEFT"
s
I ' * //<£' '
? ,r ///;>••.
Note that the message 'SCORE

TABLE' in line 37 should be in in-
verse video for maximum effect.

Manchester Home Computer Show
#
MIDLAND HOTEL
April 21/22/23
Your diary dates are: Sponsored jointly by:
Brighton May Personal Computing Today
Birmingham June ZX Computing
Nottingham September Computing Today
Newcastle October Home Computing Weekly
Cardiff December Personal Software
At the Home Computer Shows will be a complete cross section of the

hardware and software available to the home user. The emphasis is on the
lower end of the price bracket with computers from £50-£400.
If you are interested in computers and what they can do for you then come
along to our COMPUTER ADVICE CENTRE: experts will be on hand to
give you impartial advice on equipment available.
Try out the machines in our own demonstration area and see programs
running covering educational, games and small business applications.
There is a COMPETITION at every show to:
WIN TWO COMPUTERS.
Win a computer for yourself as well as one for the school of your choice:
free entry form with advance tickets. Also available at the show with the
show catalogue. /
/
ADMISSION £2.00 (CHILDREN UNDER 8 & O.A.P s EREE)

AND IF YOU'RE A PARTY OF 20 OR MORE, THERE'S A 25<?o /
DISCOUNT /
Thursday 21 April '83 (12am-7pm) J f ^

Friday 22 April '83 (10am-6pm) #
Saturday 23 April '83 (10am-6pm)
The Manchester Home Computer Show rV vcP V*
Midland Hotel. (Opposite Town Hall). ^ ^v.
For advance tickets send cheque/postal order to: ^tp

ASP Exhibitions r v
Argus Specialist Publications / ^ J^
145 Charing Cross Rd, ' ^ ^
London WC2H OEE / ^ r
Tel: 01-437-1002 /
/
f
/
ZX SPECTRUM Ef ZX81 AVAILABLE NOW FOR SPECTRUM*
EDUCATIONAL SOFTWARE
(Hnibersttp &ofttoare
S p e c t r u m Junior Education £5 50
LIBRARY OF ADVANCED MATH/STAT/ECON
Use your Spectrum to help your children with their school worts,
This cassette contains eight attractive, easy-to-use programs tor
the 7 to 11 age group. TAPE 1 :MATRIX OPERATIONS S P E C T R U M E6 9 5 , 2 * 8 1 CS 8 5
Side A Inversion, multiplication, addition, subtraction and scalar multiplication of
Topics include English comprehension, spellings, homophones, matrices and vectors within one single program A n / out put can in turn b« used as the input
of the next operation without te-typing
junior science, maths and history. Side B Determinants o' square matrices
* Entering your own questions and answers allows you to adapt
TAPE 2 : POLYNOMIALS SPECTRUM £6.95, 2X81 £5.95
two of these programs for exercises in any subject area. Side A Includes quadratic equations ias degree 2 polynomials! and S e w l o n - R a p M o n and
* Moving colour graphics and sound are extensively used to halt-interval search methods few higher d e g r e e polynomials. Computes the roots with S
digits ol precision
improve motivation.
Side B You c a n plot polynomials in any mteivalarvd examine t h e * roots, extremum points
* Use the "draw" program to produce pictures, maps and
TAPE 3: INTEGRATION S P E C T R U M CB.95. 2 X 8 1 E5.95
diagrams.
Side A . Integration oI functions by Simpson's and f a p e t o i d a i rules Also compute* the
Suitable for the 16K or 48K Spectrum. Program notes are area enclosed by two functions
supplied. Side 6 Plot of integrals Integration c a n be visualised on the screen
TAPE 4 : REGRESSION S P E C T R U M C7.es, ZXfit £6 95
O l e v e l Chemistry ( C D £6.60
Side A A highly developed multivariate regression progiam featuring Log/Ln option on
This cassette contains four clearly presented revision/lutonal each variable [thus allowing exponential and geometric regressions), standard errors, t-
programs. The subject matter has been carefully structured to cover slalatica. F'StatiStic. degree* ol freedom, Durt>n Watso" statistic, interpolation
the most important aspects of: Side B Plot ol bivanat* regressions You can see how your computer draws a best-fitting
line on a set ol numbered data points
* Elements, compounds and mixtures TAPE 5: LINEAR PROGRAMMING S P E C T R U M £ 7 . 9 5 . ZX81 £0.95
* Structure, bonding and properties. Side A A user friendly optimisation program capable of handling all sorts of linear
programming problems (any combination o < < . = . > , constraints and x, > , x i < 0 , - a < i i < o
* Redox, electrolysis and the activity series. sign constraints) Features the cannonical equivalent ol the primal, values ot slack
* Acids, bases and salts variables a n d t h * dual
Side B Solutions of simultaneous equations
48K Spectrum and 16K ZX81 versions of the cassette are available.
Please specify which you require
• PLEASE SEND US S.A.E. FOR THE WIDE RANGE OF
SCIENTIFIC SOFTWARE' AVAILABLE TO ORDER
Professional Computer Assisted Learning materials from:
• Cheques payable to. • All Incl prices lor first class P S P
CALPAC COMPUTER SOFTWARE UNIVERSITY SOFTWARE
108 H e r m i t a g e W o o d s C r e s c e n t , St J o h n s , 4S/C Sloane Street • D e l i v e r y w i t h i n a w e e k of r e c e i p t
London SW1X 9 L U
W o k i n g , S u r r e y G U 2 1 1UF. Tapes 1 5 Spectrum C35
Overseas orders £6 50 ($11,601 per cassette; includes AIRMAIL * 1 6 K o r 4 8 K Spectrum, 16K2X81 2X81 £30
postage.
DON'T MISS THIS

INCREDIBLE OFFER !
50 GAMES
£995
EXPLORING S P E C T R U M BASIC
C o m p l e m e n t s t h e S i n c l a i r m a n u a l by SO GAMES I on cassette for all
the fol lowing>
e x p l a n a t i o n s of B A S I C programming UAH IXtH
I i a A r i J,; - A ,
techniques supported by over 50 full games I ( wSiOd c»t Tien "OC*HLAUNC*
I l LTSXX .4NT.1 U WOTOHWA* »"ii TS
& serious programs. 19"! pages. £4.95 I Mîii m - I One I MUD I l K I XX• V* L,l CB' D»S~
THE EXPLORERS G U I D E TO THE 2X81 I -A . A ' - . ' UVIIW,I»II|1 vaci 5i*»cn •BOPPKE o . f .
The book for the ZX81 enthusiast. 152 pages I1 tUmi 'AfiCx 1 uS « J *\
ilHll
I
, .I A. I yuis-'-<•">> DOwl T A W A CORN A TOM
of games, application and utility programs plus ItOOGUS vxiri i . i IXXhCNUlt
I <ii\-CM1N HTHIMt icrwcn ..I
m u c h useful i n f o r m a t i o n o n machine language 11" 1
I
IHIU"
HHTHUDIH
HIGH AIM
TMt fO«l
t.CHAXiCI
OU3B
and hardware. "Immediate and lasting value" II THIS 'C! ,M ( «NO
DRAGON
(P.C.W.). £ 4 9 5
ATARI \K
postage met to u.k
Available from leading bookshops and OffOf R DIRECT ro S H A R P
c o m p u t e r stores, or direct from Timedata (U.K f
J UTS. OR1C-1
P&P free, overseas customers add £1.50 per ro Bo. ss
MEW BR AIM
HARROGATE
item for surface mail). NORTH YORKSHIRE
HGJ ! U Z
ZX81 LYNX
TIMEDATA Ltd. Dept. G
cut &
18 Memmellt. Lalndon. Basildon. EIMI. SS1S 6ED PLtASf SFMDMf ,
^lililEDAiA^S
, Tel.: (0268) 418121 ' CHEQUE ENCLOSED. VALUE
NAME
now
AOORtSS
POSTCODE G/221
110
110 383IZX C O M P U T I N G APRIL/MAY 1983
SPECTRUM DOMESTIC!
Here's a program from GL

Maynard of Gosport for those of
you who fancy a spot of
electronic circuit training.
This incredible program will
allow Spectrum users to make
full use of their machine's high
resolution graphics to form
d i a g r a m s of e l e c t r o n i c ap-
paratus and either SAVE the
results on tape or PRINT them
out on the ZX Printer. An exam-
ple of the resolution possible
with this listing is shown in Fig.
1, an outdated radio circuit.
Drawing on
experience
When RUN, the user will be ask-
ed to type in the numbers corres-
ponding to the INK and PAPER
colours required. An initial point
will also be asked for; this is the
point from which the sketch is to
begin from.
The drawing of the circuit
can then begin. To draw the
components, the key corres-
ponding to the first letter of the
component should be pressed.
The following represents a list of
components included in the pro-
gram:
Non-polarised capacitor —'c'

Variable capacitor —'c'
Electrolytic capacitor —'c'
Fixed resistor — V
Variable resistor — Y
PNP transistor — 't'
Diode — 'd'
Inductor — 'i'
Switch — 's'
Battery - 'b'
Fuse — 'f'
Other components could easily

be added should you require
them.
Once you have pressed a cer-
tain key, the computer requires
other information as to the
nature ot the component. For

SPECTRUM DOMESTIC
example, information must be row position and terminate
given as to whether it is to be at the right or top end.
drawn vertically or horizontally;
whether it should be drawn from The current plotting position is
the positive or negative end; always displayed; if you want to R 1 R2 URj_rjQ5_ - 9 U
whether a resistor is variable or draw accurately or PRINT in
fixed, etc. Once a component component numbers or values
has been drawn, you can draw at a later stage, you would be
the interlinking lines using the wise to note d o w n the position
cursor keys, ' 5 ' , ' 6 ' , ' 7 ' and ' 8 ' of each component. PFcfT Lf 1 ce
to draw a line left, d o w n , up or UC2 ? C4 I
You may not draw off the
right respectively. The com-
screen; you will be stopped by
puter will automatically allow
t h e c o n t e n t s of l i n e 6 4 .
you to start drawing from the
However, you are allowed to
other side of the component, or
change the plotting position by
in the case of a transistor, from
pressing the 'p' key and stating
the collector.
the co-ordinates of the new U C 1
position. The variable screen is
Going up set to zero if further drawing will
Components may be d r a w n result in the line going off the
horizontally or vertically (except screen.
the transistor), but the following Once the circuit has been
rules must be noted: completed, you can press the
Break key and, using PRINT, S I •?•
1 - Horizontal components are mark in any additional script on-
drawn left to right. to the diagram. Should you wish Fig. 1. An example of the resolution available with this program. This circuit
2 - Vertical components are to SAVE the program, try using sketch is of an outdated radio circuit.
drawn from the bottom to the following:
the top.
3 - If you are drawing from left SAVE " c i r c u i t s " LINE 2
to right, the component
must be horizontal. This will allow the program to
4 - T r a n s i s t o r s are d r a w n RUN automatically when re- X REM C I R C U I T _ D I A G R A M SKETCH
horizontal, beginning at the LOADed, 2 INPUT "paper?";paper;"inK?"
base and ending up at the Should the thought of play- jink. INPUT RT "initial plot
collector. ing around w i t h electronic cir- position? x -";x;" Y- ";y
5 Variable components are cuits scare you to death, try us- 3 GO SUB 3 0 0 0
drawn from the central ar- ing it as a simple sketchpad.
4 P H P E R paper: CLi? : INK i n k
5 PL- OT x , y
6 LET s c r e e n - 1
S PRINT HT 0 , 0 ; 0 ; " ,
10 LET =" "
U **<="3" THEN
*5t THEN
G§0TRE!TORE 55: FOR Z = 1 TO l g :
READ L<$;1': I F THEN GO TO U
1 1 DRTR " f " j 6 5 0 0 * " b '* , 5 5 0 0 , "S " j
3000," i " ,3S00,"P"j1000, ^13, C
72300,"r",2500,"t",3000,"d",4030
If THEN GO TO 34
R y = 0 ^ _ _ , _
: G O • O 1 0
3 5 L E T x - X + a
6 7 L E T y=y+fc>
6 3 P R I N T O V E R 0 ; RT 0 , 0 ;
6 9 P R I N T O U E R 0 ; RT 0,0;x;
; y
7 3 D R R U a , b
75 LET s c r e e n = l
30 GO TO 10
230 DRTR - 1 , 0
300 DATA 0 , - 1
4 0 3 D n r f l 0 , 1
530 C'HTH 1,0 '
100O INPUT "X - co—ordinate*?";x
1005 INPUT "V - c o - o r d i n a t e " , ! /
1010 PLOT X , y : GO TO 10
2005 INPUT "b or V " ; k $ : GO SUB 8
0 0 3
2 0 0 ^ INPUT " e l e c t r o l y t i c ? <V/N) "
•^s GO SUB 3 0 0 0 : I F Z $ = " y " THEN
'GO T 0 2100
2 0 1 0 INPUT " v a r i a b l e ? fY/N) ";z$:
ZX COMPUTING APRIL. MAY 1983

112
SPECTRUM DOMESTIC!
GO SUB 8000: I F Z$=""y" THEN GO ,10: DRRU 1 , 0 : DRRU 0 , - 1 0 : DRRU
TO 2 0 5 0 0,3: DRRU 4 , - 4 : DRRU - 4 , 4 : DRRU
£015 I F K $ = " h " THEN DRRU 0 , 8 : DR 1,0: DRRU - 1 , 0 : DRRU 0 , - 1 : DRRU
hU 0 , - 1 6 . LET X =X +6 : LET y =y - B : 0,1: DRRU 0 , 2 : DRRU 6 , 4 : LET X =X
PLOT X , y ; DRRU 0 , 1 6 : DRAW 0 , - 8 : + 10. LET y = y + 4 : GO TO 1 0
LET y = y + 3 : G O T O 1 0
2 0 2 0 I Ffc.$ = " v " THEN DRRU - 8 , 0 : D 3 5 0 0 INPUT *'h o r V " , Z 4 GO SUB 8
000
RRU 1 6 , 0 : LET y = y + 6 : LET x = X + 8 :
PLOT X,y: DRRU - 1 6 , 0 : DRRU 8 , 0 : 3 5 1 0 I F z $ = " h " THEN DRRU 2 , 0 : D *
LET X = X - 8 : G O T O 1 0 RU 7 , 0 , P I : DRRU - 2 , 0 : DRRU 7 , O , F
£ 0 5 O I F K $="h " T H E N PLOT X - 4 , y - Q I: DRRU - 2 , 0 : DRRU 7 , 0 , P I : DRRU
2,0: LET x = x + 2 1 : GO TO 1 0
o 0,-2: DRRU © , 3 5 2 0 I F z $ = " v " THEN DRRU 0 , 2 : DR
DRRU 2,0: PLOT x , y
. i.-O 1 O 2 0 1 5 £AZ'p1: D R D R R U 0,7.P
I: DRRU 0 , - 2 : DRRU 0 , 7 , P I : DRRU
a . J
- 2 , 0 : PRfllJ a , 0,2: LET y = y +21. GO T O 1 0
0: DRflU 0,-2: DRRU 0,2: PLOT X , y 4 0 0 0 INPUT " h o r V ? " , Z * : GO SUB
GO TO 2020 8000
2 1 0 0
$:
I N P U T " p o so r
G O S U B8000-
n e9 g f i r s t ^ ' - r
f i r s t . , Z 4010 INPLT RT 0 , 0 ; " c a t h o d e (c) o
2 1 1 0 I F k $ =" v " R N D7 t - " n f t e ' < -rupki 0 0 0
first?";
(aJ GO SUB 6
DRAW 3.. O: DRAW -I6*S~ DRRU 5 1 4320 I F = RND k $ = " c " THEN D
D R j ™ 1 6 , 0 : D R R U 0 7 1 3 :
PLOT RRU 0 , 6 : DRRU 0 , - 1 2 . DRRU 0 , 6 : D
•* : DRRU 0 , 12 : DRRU - 7 , - 6
V DRAW l e i © : D R R w ' S t 6 : DRRU 0 , - 6 : LET X=X+7:
L'HHW -8,0. LET y=y+9; GO T O
4000 I F 2$ h *• RND = THEN r.
2120 I F k$="v" RND :t="NPA" THFW PRU 0 6 DRRU 3 , - 1 2 . DRRU 7 , 6 f-
DRRU 3 , 0 . DRRU - 1 6 7 I - DRRU 0 1 RRU -7,6: DRRLi 7 , - 6 - DRRU 0 , 6 : Z-
DRRU 1 6 , 0 . DRAW 0 , 1 : DRRU - 1 6 f 0 WRU C ,- 1 2 DkhW 0 , 6 : LET .X =X + 7 •
GO T O 1 C
4 3 4 0 _ I F r S =" V " H N D k i= " THEN

R R U 6 , 0 . D R R U - 1 2 , 0
2130 i F kt ="h" RND 2t="Po«" THFKI R R U — 6 , 7 : D R R U 1 2 , 0 :
D R R U 6 , 0 . C
D R R U -t^, - 7
D R R U 6 , 7 : D R R U - 6 , 0 L E T y =y + 7
GO T O 1 0
4 O 5 0 I F z $ = " V " R N D T H E N L-
AO. L'HHW 0,8: LET x=x+9; GO TO 1
R H U 6 , 0 : D R R U - 1 2 , 0 . D R R U 6 7 . r
KHW 6 , - 7 . D R R U - 6 , 7 : D R H U -6 , O
D R R U 1 2 , 0 : DRHU - 6 , 0 : L E T y =y +"
£140 IF = RND 2 J = " n e g " THEN GO T O 1 0
DRRU 0,3- DRRU 0 , - 1 6 : DRRU 1 , 0 : 5 5 0 0 I N P L T " h o r v " ;z -
DRRU 0 , 1 6 : DRRU 1 , 0 : DRRU 0 , - 1 6 0 0 0
GO S U B 6
- P L £ I X +6 , y : DRRU 0 , 8 : DRRU 0 , - 5 5 1 0 I N P U T " p o s o r r> e c f 1r s t k *
D R P U DRRU I 3 GO S U B 8 0 0 0
>0: DRRU 3 , 0 : DRRU 0 , - 3 : LET x = X 5 5 2 0 I F z $ =" v " R N D X$=" P O S " T H E N
• 9: GO TO 1 0 D R R U - 7 , 0 : D R R U 1 4 , 0 : P L O T
2500 I N P U T " h o r GO SUE 3 : D R R U 3 , 0 : D R R U - 6 , 0 . D R R U 3", O
CO00 5 5 3 1 T 0
^
2 5 0 5 I N P U T " v a r i a b l e ? ( Y / N ) " J 2 i
: GO S U B 3 0 0 0
2506 I F z $ = " y " THEN GO TO 2 7 0 0
2510 I F THEN DRRU 0 , 4 : D P 1 0
fiW 1 3 , 0 : DRRU - 8 : DRRW -18,0: 5 5 4 0 I F z * = ' h " R N D XS="P0S" THEN
DRRU 0,7: DRRU 0.-14- PLOT X
R5SH C>RRU 0 , - 4 : DRRU 1 8 , 0 : y: DRRU 0,3. DRAW' 0 , - f t : D R A W 3
DPRU 0 , ^ - : L E T X =X + 1 8 . GO T O 1 0 • LET x=x+3: GO TO 1 0
5 5 ^ 0 I F r j=" h " R N T : fc* = . . n p a . . T H F m
ffiLS' C'RPU ' 0 • DRRU 0 , - 1 8 : r > 1 1 ,t.
t.»HHW f t 3 :
r>n.n 1 -I" v*
D R R U 0-,-c-: P L O T x
I M E N
u
DRAW 4 , £ : L E T y = y + 1 8 : GO TO i e : DRAM 0 , - 7 : DRRU 0 , 1 4 . D R R U 0 ' -
270O I F k THEN DRRU - 3 , 3 : D 7; L E TX = X ^ 3 : GO T O 1 0
RmU 3 , - 3 : DRRU - 3 , - 3 - DftRU 3 3 I N P L H " h o r V ? " J * J : G O S U B
8000
C-010 I F k5 ="h" THEN DRRU 14,7; L
LET ^Z. 1 !; , 0 : DRRU 3 , 0 : ET x=X+14: PLOT x,y. GOT O 10
2720 y «
I yF+ 8 : =L E T Tx H= Ex N+ 3 :DROLi
GO T O 1 0
l F T
6 0 2 0 I F k $ = " v " THEN DRRU 7 , 1 4 : L
ET y = y + 1 4 : PLOT x , y . GO TO 1 0
R58K £ ' 3 ; DRAW £ " - 3 : DRAW - 3 •
DRRU 8 , 0 : DRRU - 1 6 , 0 : DRRU 0 * 6 : 650O INPUT " h O C V 7 " ; k $ : GO SUB E
2 0 0
DRAW 1 6 , 0 : DRRU 0 , i g D&AU S j l i
10 S 5 1 0 I F K S = " h " THEN DRRU © , 4 : DR
k
3Ol 0
l O INPUT L
" pEn p
T yo
= yr + 3 n: p nG" O
; 2Tt O 1 0 RU 0 , - 6 : DRRU 1 , 0 : DRRU 0 , 6 : DRfi
" p n GO S
UB S 0 0 0
U 1,0: DRRU 0 , - 3 : DRRU 1 . 0 ; DRRU
= THEN CIRCLE X+6 0,6: DRRU 1 0 . 0 : DRRU 0 . - S : DRRU
PLOT X , u • DRRU 2,0: DRRU O — 10 t0• DRRU 1 0 , O : DRRU 0 , 4 : L E T
X —X+13: GO T O 10
6 5 2 0 I F k S = " v " THEN DRRU 4 , 0 ; DR /
0 RU - 8 , 0 ; DRRU 0 , 1 : DRRU 3 , 0 DRR

U 0,1: DRRU - 8 , 0 ; DRRU 0 " l 7 ' D R R U /
3,0: DRRU 0 , 1 0 : DRRU - 3 ^ 0 . DRRU
+10; LET y=y +4: GO T O 10 0,-10: DRRU 0 , 1 0 ; DRRU 4 , 0 L E T /
y=y+13; GO TO 10 /
U2T U =, , P N P " J H E N C I R C L E X +6 8 0 0 0 FOR Z = 1 T O 7 : NEXT Z : RETUR
,Y , 3 > P L O T X , Y ; DRHU 2 , 0 DRRU 0
, 5 : PRHU 0 , - 1 0 ; DRRU 1 , 0 : DRRU 0 N
/
ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1 9 8 3
' f t /
irs all a
I SOFTWARE REVIEWS
Games form the major portion of they invented the home com-
the software available for the puter . . . But w e all know that
game...
Spectrum, so there is likely to be that is wrong . . . E.T. invented
a pretty good choice available. them, that's what he wanted to
But as w i t h any market, there is phone home about!
the good and the bad. Though it Back to the serious stuff now
is not difficult to differentiate and as the old saying goes:
when you're playing them on a When you have seen one Pac-
computer, when they are star- Man, you have seen 'em all. As
ing at you from the pages of a far as Gobbleman is concerned,
glossy computer magazine, or this view holds true. Visually, it
sitting on the shelves of W.H. is very similar indeed to the
James Walsh looks at Smiths, then the choice is far

more difficult. There are now the
original, w i t h the same features
such as pills, etc, but a slightly
some of the latest and

established producers of top better maze, in that it is bigger.
q u a l i t y s o f t w a r e , s u c h as Overall, it is quite a pleasing
greatest software for

Quicksilva and Artie, w h o can display, except for t w o annoy-
be relied upon to bring out good ing points: the words 'ARTIC
s o f t w a r e . H o w e v e r , various Computing' pulsating at you all
your Spectrum.
new companies are now coming the time you are playing certain-
into the market w i t h new and ly does become irritating, and
often exciting programs, some also when the ghosts eat you,
of them having the financial instead of a decent explosion or
backing to compete with the a picture of a Gobbled Man {get
Quicksilvas of this world and the it?), it simply runs through part
market is definitely opening up of the character set at that point
at an alarming rate. For these — surely they could not have
reasons I am delighted to have been that short of memory ? The
new packages from one of my speed of the response is very
favourites, Artie, a new com- good, and the tempo of the
pany, Imagine, and Computer game has been well-selected -
Rental Limited. it has to be when there is only
one level of play! The ghosts are
highly intelligent, and actually
Cobbleman — remember to run away from you
Artie Computing when you have just eaten a pill.
Have you guessed what this title U n f o r t u n a t e l y , they are the
really means? Yes, it is Artie's same speed as you, so they are
version of the well-known 'Pac- rather difficult to catch up with
Man' game. Pac-Man is so well at times, which seems rather il-
known now, that in a few years logical.
time it will probably be thought As far as being a Pac-Man
of as part of computer heritage: copy it is good, so it is great for
. . . !n the beginning there were the Pac-Man enthusiast. But
Space Invaders and Pac-Man, where it loses out is in that it is
but the poor boys and girls totally unadventurous. For ex-
couldn't afford 2 0 p a game, so ample, the Acornsoft version for
114 ZX COMPUTING APfllL/MAY 1983

SOFTWARE REVIEWS!
the BBC adds extra functions, glide back d o w n again when you instructions could have been though it did load, and first go
and Gulpman from Campbell release the pressure. You also mildly improved upon. But at and all! The first screen of the
Systems Ltd actually expands have t w o Plasma Disruptors in- only £ 5 . 5 0 , it is fantastic value game asks you what sort of
on the game w i t h variable stead of the one meagre gun for money. Imagine also offer an punter you are . . . o u t for fun to
speeds and tempo, and an enor- that is found in more basic ver- unconditional lifetime guarantee deadly serious. Having pressed
mous n u m b e r of d i f f e r e n t sions. The functions of the — if an Imagine s o f t w a r e t h e key I w a s p l e a s a n t l y
mazes, plus a new laser feature. keyboard have been laid out product ever fails to load first surprised to see a well designed
So, if you are looking for a near very nicely — on the bottom row time, simply return to Imagine and colourful display fold out on
perfect copy of the original Pac- each key is either move (eft or for on immediate free to the screen. It included a very
Man then Gobbleman is definite- right; all the keys on the second replacement. Can't say fairer good picture of 'honest Clive',
ly worth considering, but for row are thrust and all the keys on than that, can you? Imagine also the bookmaker, which, though
something more challenging I the third row are fire, whilst publicise the fact they they will it is not three-dimensional still
would recommend Gulpman. pressing a key on the top row normally depatch all orders by came over very well. A nice
causes the game to HOLD. first class post within 24 hours extra touch is a horse trotting
Gobbleman is available at The first thing that happens is of receipt. across the top of the screen just
£4.95 from Artie Computing, that a high-resolution picture of Though this may not be the above 'honest Clive', {I wonder
396 James Reckitt Avenue, the Imagine logo drifts d o w n the ultimate game (they may be still what Uncle Clive would think?).
Hull HU8 OJA. screen before the name Arcadia working on it), it makes nearly all When everybody has placed
is drawn. It will then ask you to other invaders type 'shoot 'em their bets (the game can
Gulpman is available at £5.95 press any key to start and you up' games look like mere childs- accomodate anything from 1 to
from Campbell Systems Ltd, 15 are then thrust straight into the play. Arcadia must rank in the 5 players) the race begins. . .
Rous Road, Buckhurst Hill, game itself. The idea of the top three arcade games on the Instead of just having the
Essex. game is to survive the particular market for the Spectrum, horses galloping across the
race of aliens long enough for All I say to the arcade games screen, which they do do very
the counter in the top left of the
Arcadia screen to reach zero. This usual-
fans is that Arcadia is well worth
the E 5 . 5 0 (I'd buy it just to
well, the race course is also seen
to be moving past them, hence
— imagine ly entails killing off just enough w a t c h t h e g r a p h i c s ) , and making the track rather longer.
Software to keep yourself safe when the beware their next game . . One of the many nice touches is
the fact that you can see little
If you had told me back in late
people standing at the side of
November that a company call-
the track, and when you come
ed Imagine had come up w i t h an
near to the finish the grandstand
amazing new game, then my
comes into view. The graphics,
reaction would probably have
though not particularly fast or
been 'Who?'. By the time that
r e c o r d - b r e a k i n g , are w e l l
this review is published, Imagine
designed and nicely arranged.
should be competing more than
Sound has also been used
favourably w i t h giants such as
reasonably well. Though this
Quicksitva for the t i t l e of
game seems to have been writ-
creators of the 'ultimate game'.
ten almost entirely in BASIC, it
The three wise men of Imagine,
has been structured to allow for
DH Lawson, Eugene Evans and
reasonably good speed. Who
Mark Butler, obviously don't
wants race horses that are so
believe in coming quietly onto
fast that you can't see them
the market — but w i t h the
anyway? It might have been a
advertising campaign that they
little more exciting if there had
have recently launched, they
been fences so that the horses
can only be described as having
might fall, but it is still great fun.
exploded o n t o the m a r k e t !
When the program is running the
Sometimes when you see a real-
ly amazing advert, you wonder
display is so arranged that it is /
difficult to miss.
whether the s o f t w a r e can counter gets near zero and the Schizoids. Though at the time of
possibly be as good as it claims, Computer Rentals Ltd seem
but in this case, they may well
aliens become suicidal. If you kill writing I have not seen a copy, I
to be relatively new to the home /
them all off, a new wave of the have been assured that we will
be justified. Imagine can be computer software market, but
same race appears, whilst if you be more than a little surprised by
quoted as saying that they have obviously have reasonably good
survive long enough a new race its contents.
only one real aim — to be the financial backing to place their
of aliens attacks you. The dif-
BEST!!! At the moment they good sized adverts. They also
ferent sets of alien are quite 'Arcadia' is available from
seem to be going about it in ex- supply a program called Galactic
bizarre and amazing. They range Imagine Software, Mason Build-
actly the right way. Patrol for the 1 6K ZX81, some
from defender-like characters, ings, Exchange Street East, other games for the Spectrum,
To describe accurately a to seagulls, to little space men, Liverpool, Merseyside L2 3PN. plus a few for the Dragon 32. If
game which relies on some of to pulsating blobs and
their other games are as good as
the best t w o - d i m e n s i o n a l
graphics around is far from easy,
asteroids. . . the list goes on.
The graphics are amazingly
Derby Day — Derby Day then they would
but the wording used in the smooth and precise, with an ex- Computer Rentals definitely be w o r t h thinking
about.
advert is quite apt: 'The fastest, tensive use of colour and sound. I have to admit that when I first
meanest, most addictive shoot The game has a highest score saw the title of this program I So, to conclude, it can be said
'em up game y o u ' v e ever display though you can't type didn't exactly jump for joy; in that the programmer has done a
desired!' Arcadia, which is writ- your o w n name in, which is a fact, the thought of looking at good job, especially considering
ten totally in machine code, and shame. But remember that most another horse race program the subject matter, and they
will fit in both the 16K and 48K of the really amazing games, decidedly made my heart sink. have come up with a pretty good
versions of the Spectrum, is, if such as Time-Gate, only fit into Surely anybody can make three value-for-money cassette for ?
j you break it down, really a third the 48K machire, whilst Ar- blobs race from one side of the the person who wants a quieter
generation invaders. The basic cadia will run in the 16K or screen to the other? life than defending the world /
idea is the same in that you gain 48K . . . a feat in itself. from aliens.
When I had recovered, I /
points by killing off the aliens, decided to take a risk and load it 'Derby Day' is available at
but you can also blast yourself Arcade addict up. Derby Day takes well over €6.95 from Computer Rentals /
! off from the bottom of the Arcadia is highly addictive and the standard 16K of memory, so Ltd, 140 Whitechapel Road,
screen and then let yourself very well presented, though the it took a little while to load. London E1. /
/ / / / / /
I X Y<HJlt IIHill
STIWET SIKH'S From Warp
A m Lift-off into
Factor Eight
HI-STAK
by r
A t Addictive Games 1* '83 with
for SPECTRUM 48K • makes your computing easier, faster
AND ZX8116K more reliable, less exhausting and simply
- VERSION mofe enjoyable
fl^Tlus superb game is ROW available from branches ol • angles youf computer neatly to the
correct ergonomic position for the most ZX81
W . H. S M I T H and BOOTS T H E C H E M I S T .
Manage your own team in this exciting game of skill which
eflicieni keyboard operation SPECTRUM
vividly captures the drama and excitement ol real football
• provides exlra ventilation lor hot ZX81 s VIC20
and Spectrums
FEATURESINCLUDE: • instantly applied
TRS80
• 4 DIVISIONS • F A CUP * PROMOTION & RELEGATION *
• Styled lor 83. adds That professional look NEW BRAIN
* TRANSFER MARKET * TEAM SELECTION *
• SAVE GAME FACILITY * * * AND MUCH MORE I * • * to your set up JUPITER ACE
W H A T THE M E S S S A Y A B O U T IT —
• precision injection moulded in quality
ABS. non scratch - non slip base
Etc.
• W YOU hav, atwuyt n w i M u nwugf < f H l W I IHn. FOOTBALL
MANAGE R. from Adthctrra C«n«, II for you tha V*nim is « M tor
m football tmnabc but thm molt rntarmiunff tlung for irj nil IA* 3-D
vaptuci DMIF to craat* tha goalmouth K M N tha ( M I L >1 * WINNER O r d e r f o r m . Please send m e HI-STAK set(s) (at £ 3 9 5 per
SINCLAIR USER FEBRUARY I S83
set) I enclose c h e q u e / P 0 for
I Atthough 1 m no groat football Ini, t raalty arôyad playing thrt gam*
— ancaMant uta it mada of colour and utar daftnad graphrct Thagama
II rary logically put togathar, to that tha daralopmant of ttratagy and N a m e
tactics hat a raal affac t for amampfm. on* of my taamt got through to
rha fourth round ot tha f A Cup mhara it mat baa tan by a tacond
dtvttron tIda Thrt uptat moral* and maant that our promotion bid Address
fatfad Par haps I thould hay* grran up tha f A Cup run and hold soma
good ptayart bach tha pottrbdrtiat arm andlatj Brian Clough had
hattar match outt
ZX COMPUTING FEB MARCH I IB 3
Post code
ilHHIHMII mo** tut ><M|0I*'*C >nort ncti
•uHiimcaoiiiai I O" (HI i n t l R U H I I I ( I M / I I I 1*1 ( i n
i M H O t C D w r v n a i Nb>if,
lUtRmHKIO^lim IMIISUW VllllOH To W a r p Factor Eight. Dept ZXC
U K ( I I I HIVKII W d u l To Oid#i wid Chtqm PO p i u l * io
|H| IMnilllllHt*l>«.iaMl» u n i i i v l u v i t Dw lie ro l u l l ! 6 P e l h a m Road. Braughing. W a r e . Herts S G 1 1 2 Q U
oa*ttoa IVII it.di
**o OIHI • GOOO commit • IWM m*u it*ri commit*
SUPERB SPECTRUM SOFTWARE

QUALITY THAT LEADS THE FIELD!
D E R B Y D A Y tor ihe 48K Spectrum . . . O N L Y £5.95 inc P & P THE ORB or the 48K S P E C T R U M O N L Y £5.95
Gambling on any horse in the tietd up to 5 players can lay bets with Quite simply THE ORB brings the world ot Dungeons and Dragons
Honest Clive Spectrum the bookmaker as the horses circle in the to your Spectrum You must find the Orb and it's Base and Studs so
parade ring Will Clive keep that smile 7 Watch the race begin as the that the Kingdom c a n bloom again Choose your rote, as a Wizard
tape lifts and marvel at the amazingly realistic 3 D perspective Mercenary or Philosopher etc With a mmadof monsters, excellent
animation as the riders jockey for position S e e Ihe horses and sound and graphics, real time battles and a complex and evil land
riders tn lull flight as ihey pass Spectators (no pun intended) and which will only give up the orb after hours or most likely days, ol
into ihe home straight past the stands Hold your breath at the s ow enthralling play Save facility provided for Survivors needing food
motion finish Sound and Colour is used lo it's fullest in this 44K of or sleep
superb programming Not recommended lor compulsive
gamblers
R E S C U E lor the 48K S P E C T R U M O N L Y £5.95

How c a n we Summarize in a short ad. an adventure game that
needs a Special Program to detail its Rules 1 Very. VERY simply, you J A C K P O T for the 48K S P E C T R U M O N L Y £4.95
must find the Map and Radio then plot your route and monitor A complete simulation of a popular fruit machine, using definable
patrols as they scour the 4Q+ locations you are travelling through It graphics to the tullesl It contains a complete introduction lo the
you have the right equipment you can cross into Secret terriiory in rules of it's H O L D N U D G E . GAMBLE and FEATURE BOX with
search of Ihe Castle and the imprisoned Princes. II you manage to animated demo Memory mapped reels, simultaneous revolution,
find it and gam entrance there are many traits and tests If you staggered slop, animated bet and payout, payout board and
manage lo Imd Ihe Princess you must still relurn to base with her realistic sound eltecl recreate Ihe original A must and a wallet
Utilises all ihe Spectrum's facilities and takes hours lo play saver lor any Fruit machine buff
ALL PRICES INCLUDE VAT & P&P. DEALER ENQUIRIES WELCOME
MAIL ORDER FROM: COMPUTER RENTALS LTD.,

140 W H I T E C H A P E L RD., L O N D O N E1. Tel: 01-247 9004
116 ZX C O M P U T I N G A P R I L . MAY 1983
P. F. L. SPECTRUM DUST COVERS
H I G H QUALITY PROGRAMS TO HELP
High quality — Washable £1.95
YOUR CHILD LEARN * Also available for other Computers *
P F i is currently testing a new series of educational software and
the first programs are now available for sale to run on Commodore FLEXIBLE FLAT RIBBON CABLE
and Sinclair micro computers. T h e software is specifically
designed ro provide controlled drill and practice,- in graded 5 way or 8 way to suit ZX8I & Spcctrum
exercises for children aged 7 - 1 1 in the following subjects
* Specify length required *
English
Arithmetic
T-SHIRTS £3.50 SWEATSHIRTS £7.50. Black w o re<J SINCLAIR ZX81
Verba! Reasoning
Of while with black ZX SPECTRUM • rainbow
Reading and Spelling
Terrifictiandairbfushed multi-coloured designs t M A MiCROADDtCT or
(with special consideration for remedial problems) MICROCOMPUTERS TAKE YOU 'NTO ANOTHER WORLD agams!
space scene T-shirts C4 50 sweatshirts C9 00
Each program has been especially designed by highly qualified,
Specify size required 24 to 44
experienced educationalists and written by professional pro-
grammers Trials have demonstrated that these programs really ZX LOADING AID tor ZX80 ZX8I or ZX Spectrum i please specify
Removes guesswork Irom adiusting volume p ugs m between computer &
stimulate children's enthusiasm and do help them to realise their tape recorder red • green LEDs on — optimum voiutrie set red LED lontyl
academic potential They will be of great value to parents and on — volume too low: yellow LEO on — volume loo high CI! 95 includes
teachers for normal, advanced and remedial training and also for instructions Push button to reset K cursor Cl extra Earphone & SKT to
ihose preparing children for Common Entrance/Independent nonilor Voice Overs £1.50 extra
School Entry examinations ZXS1 KEYBOARD BLEEPER p-oviOc-s feedback fussing from totich
sensitive keyboard cheaply — easy installation All 210 characters bleep in
For further details please write to PFL at the address below, stating slow S fast modes No soldering required — all connections plug-in Fits
inside case under keyboard or ZX81 PCB No trailing wires —also suits most
whether you are a parent or teacher, the type of computer available tuii size keyboards available tor ZX81 C9 95 includes illustrated instructions
and in which subiects you are interested On off switch CI 50 extra
• All prices include P & P • S e n d s.a.e. for further details •

PROGRAMS FOR LEARNING,
Dept. ZX,
4 Stanley Road, FULCRUM PRODUCTS oept b
East Sheen, 14 Steep Lane. Findon, West Sussex BN14 0UF
London SW14 7DZ. Tel: Findon (090 671) 2750
Tel: 01-878 6498
THE CHEAPEST KNOWN RAMPACKS

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ZX C O M P U T I N G A P R I L / M A Y 1983 117
/ / /
MACHINE CODE
Mastering machine
code on your spectrum
— part a
gram which goes w i t h it.
Following in her This is called Cathy's Pro-

gram, the original version of
series, Toni Baker

which appeared in my book
Mastering Machine Code On
Your Z X 8 1 and was written for
author of
the Sinclair Z X 8 1 . This new up-
dated version, however, is writ-
t e n for the ZX Spectrum.
'Mastering Although its basic structure is

the same, the individual pans
Machine Code on
have needed to be entirely re-
written.
The purpose of the program
yourzx8r,
is to turn the Spectrum key-
board into a musical one, so that
each key produces a different
transforms your note, and continues to produce

it for as long as the key is held
Spectrum into a
down. The diagram in Fig. 2a
s h o w s w h i c h key produces
which note; there are two oc-
musical machine.
taves, with the lower t w o rows
producing notes from middle C
upwards, and the upper two
rows the next octave above
this. The program is entirely in
machine code and once set in
motion will continue to run until
you break out by pressing Break
(Caps Shift and Space) as nor-
mal.
New wave music

A small amount of explanation is
required before the listing will
make sense, and so the first
thing I ought to do is explain the
principle by which notes are pro-
duced on the Spectrum. The
most important instruction is
Long, long ago in a galaxy far. far off by the ZX Printer telling them the ZX81 (for this was a long OUT (FE),A. The Spectrum can
away, great battles were waged to the nearest penny how much time ago) had meaning in the only produce one type of sound
between the humanoids and the tax they can fiddle before they fields of art and music and — that is, one type of waveform
space invaders, the spaceships get caught, or staring for hours culture. A program, it was sug- — essentially, a square wave or
and the asteroids. This world at the bland bar-charts and gested, could be viewed as a a rectangular wave. A square
was brought to your attention friendly graphs plotting current work of art, w i t h the program- wave is a wave which at any ins-
w i t h the coming of the video age profit returns against the popu- mer being the artist. If this were tant in time may be either at
— first in arcades, and now in larity of 'Crossroads'. After all, so then most of the programs HIGH potential or at LOW poten-
home computers like the Spec- computers weren't designed for we see around us are functional tial; it may never be at an inter-
trum. In the comfort of your o w n playing games or were they? — analagous to chairs or tables mediate potential.
home you can gently soothe — they were not, in general, Here's what the instruction
away all your frustrations by kill- beautiful analagous to a pain- OUT (FE),A does: suppose A
ing untold millions of malevolent Strumming your ting or a piece of music. It is to contains the (binary) number
aliens, fighting w i t h mystical
dragons to rescue beautiful
Spectrum this friend that 1 dedicate this ar- 'xxxnxgrb; (each letter repre-
ticle and, in particular, the pro- sents a binary digit). The xs are
princes from evil wizards, or Then one day, as I sat drinking
testing your intelligence with coffee and chatting away to my b: 0 = switch the blue gun off, 1 = switch the blue gun on.
maze games and mastermind fellow compatriots, wishing I r: 0 = switch the red gun off, 1 = switch the red gun on.
puzzles. After all — what else could play the guitar as well as g: O = switch the green gun off, 1 = switch the green gun on.
are computers for? they, a friend introduced me to a n; 0 = switch the note generator to LOW potential.
In another sector of the new c o n c e p t . M a y b e com- 1 = switch the note generator to HIGH potential.
galaxy l a y - a c c o u n t a n t s and puters have a purpose in life Fig. 1. A breakdown of the individual
businessfoik ponder over the beyond simple sport and tatters of A in the instruction, OUT (FE),A.
strings of figures being reeled science. Surely computers like

T 1
MACHINE CODE
for our purposes effectively
meaningless, but the other tet-
ters:n, g, r and b are quite impor-
tant. They s w i t c h hardware
devices on and off (see Fig 1).
Bits 2, 1 and O then control
the overall colour output to the
screen. (In practice it is only the
BORDER colours which may be
changed in this way — the
screen colours are controlled by
the attribute bytes).
The principle of creating
music then is to create a square
wave. The procedure for doing
this is 'short delay/OUT (FE), xx
x l x x x x / s h o r t delay/OUT (FE),
xxxOxxxx/repeat for as many
cycles as required'. Note that
doing this will automatically
change the BORDER colour. If
you wish to avoid this then you
must slightly modify the pro-
cedure to 'short delay/OUT
( F E ) , x x x O x b b b / s h o r t delay/
OUT (FEI.xxxOxbbb/repeat for
as many cycles as required'
where bbb represents the cur-
rent BORDER colour number in
binary.
On that note...
Before w e look at the finished
program, I'd like to introduce
you to one of the subroutines in
the ROM. The subroutine is call-
ed KEY SCAN, and its effect is
on the Spectrum a C D Q Q C D Q D Q G D C D D to determine which keys, if any,
produces which note? are currently depressed. You
There a two ocraves,
can use the subroutine simply by
the bottom two rows
producing notes above the instruction CALL
middle C and the top KEY__SCAN (CD8E02). The
two rows producing the machine code registers will all be
wiped out by the subroutine so,
next octave above that.
INote that the J G D G D a C D G D G D n a a if you wish to preserve them,
sharp (ft notes you must PUSH them onto the
stack and then POP them on
return. Register DE will contain
t h e f i n a l o u t p u t of t h e
subroutine as shown in Fig. 3.
GD GD CD B S GO (Z) ED CD ED % 2b. The codes, Also, in the case of t w o or more

and how they are keys being pressed simultan-
allocated on the eously, the zero flag will be
keys of the RESET. In all other cases, the
EE ~IT\ | OP | | | | O? | | PA | ] U | [ IA | | ?? | Spectrum zero flag will be SET.
The key codes mentioned in
the above description are in all
EDEDE3EDEDEDEDE3EDED cases a number between 0 0 and
2 7. A different number is return-
ed for each key. The codes
EDEDEDGDGDGDEDEDEDGEI
themselves are listed in Fig. 2b
you can see for yourselves that
the keys are covered in what at
first glance seems to be a very
strange order.
There is one final point I have
Fig. 3. The contents of the register. OE. to make before w e can turn the
SITUATION VALUE OF DE Spectrum into a musical instru-
ment. Little things called Inter-
No key at all FFFF
rupts. Fifty times a second, the
Caps Shift only FF27 >
Spectrum hardware sends a lit-
Symbol Shift only FF18 /
tle pulse d o w n one of the pins
Both Shifts together 2718
connected to the Z 8 0 chip.
Any key without Shift FFaa, where aa is the key code of the key concerned. When this happens, one of the
Any key w i t h Caps Shift 27aa, where aa is the key code of the key concerned, following sequences of things
Any key with Symbol Shift 1 8aa, where aa is the key code of the key concerned, will happen, depending upon a
Any two keys together aabb, where aa and bb are the key codes concerned. previously unheard of flag called
the (IFF 1 Interrupt Flip/Flop one) B
* / / / / / /
MACHINE CODE
(The people who name these
things must have some sense of
humour!!:
If IFF1 = 0 then: do nothing.

If IFF 1 = 1 t h e n : Stack all
registers onto the machine
stack;
CALL 0 0 3 8 is executed - this
does the following:
increment the system variable
FRAMES;
scan the keyboard, updating the
system variables KSTATE and
LAST K.
POP all registers from the stack
and carry on as before.
The normal state of the flat IFF1

is one, so that all programs,
9E93464B NOTES G G# G + F + # Keys B, H, Y and 6. machine code or BASIC, are
0050A9B4 F+ F# F Keys 5, T, G and V. slowed d o w n because the sub-
8A813D42 A A# A + G + #Keys N, J, U and 7. routine at 0 0 3 8 is executed 50
5C5600C1 D+ 4E+ - E Keys 4, R, F and C, times a second without our
78003539 B - B + A + # Keys M, K , I and 8. knowledge or consent. With
6962CFDD C+ D+ D# D Keys 3, E, D and X. regard to music, it means the ex
70003200 C+ # — C+ +— Keys Symbol Shift, L, 0 and 9. act timing w e require in order to
0070ECFD C+ C# C Keys 2, W, S and Z. produce square waves of the
00000000 — _ _ — Keys Space, Enter, P and 0 . right wavelength will be totally
00000000 — — — —
Keys 1, Q. A and Caps Shift. wrong since we shall have no
idea as to whether or when the
00 SOUND NOP This subroutine causes a interrupt routine will be carried
00 NOP very short delay — the exact out in any given cycle. In order to
00 NOP timing of which is determined overcome this problem, it is
10FB DJNZSOUND by 'B'. before sounding necessary to reset IFF1 to zero
D3FE OUT (FE),A a pulse. so that the above sequence of
C9 RET events will not be carried out.
The instruction Dl (Disable Inter-
call here: rupts) is equivalent to saying
3A485C START LD A,(BORDCR Bits 5, 4 and 3 contain the LET IFF 1 = 0 , and so this, then,
BORDER colour. is the instruction w e need.
1F RRA When the Spectrum, in nor-
1F RRA mal use, waits for a key to be
1F RRA pressed, what is really happen-
E607 AND 0 7 A: BORDER colour. ing is that it is waiting for
F610 OR 10 A: BORDER colour but with K STATE to change. Note that
bit 4 set. this can only happen if IFF 1 - 1,
4F LDC.A C: BORDER colour + bit 4 set. for otherwise the subroutine at
F3 Dl Disable Interrupts. 0 0 3 8 will never be called and
C5 LOOP PUSH BC Preserve the value of C. the Spectrum will just sit there
CD8E02 CALL KEY SCAN Scan the keyboard. waiting forever, while the poor
CI POP BC Restore the value of C. old user can do nothing but
212027 LD H L . 2 7 2 0 HL: the key value for 'Caps gnash teeth and throw bricks at
Shift Space'. the television. In order to pre-
A7 AND A Reset carry flag. vent this from happening El,
ED 5 2 SBC HL,DE Compare key pressed (if any) (Enable I n t e r r u p t s or LET
with 'Caps Shift Space'. IFF 1 = 1 > must be executed
281B J R Z , EXIT Exit program if desired. before returning to BASIC. Any
7B LD A,E A: = key code (ignoring Shifts). machine code program which
3C INC A runs while the interrupts are
28EF JRZ.LOOP Loop if no key pressed. disabled may only scan the key-
AF XOR A A: zero. board by using IN ,(FE} instruc-
57 LD D.A DE: key code ignoring Shifts. tions, or by CALLing
21 notes LD HL,NOTES KEY SCAN, not by examining
19 ADD HL,DE Point HL to note value in table. K STATE or LAST K.
46 LD B,(HL» B: note value.
Figure 4, then, is the final
B8 CP B Compare B w i t h zero.
result: Cathy's Program for the
28E5 JRZ,LOOP Loop if no note on that key.
Spectrum. Despite its lengthy
79 LD A,C A: border colour (bit 4 : 1 ) .
appearance, it is actually quite
C5 PUSH BC Preserve the value of B,
short and doesn't take very long
CDsound CALL SOUND Generate first half cycle.
to feed in at all. To all musicians
C1 POP BC Restore the value of B.
out there — behold your new in-
E607 AND 0 7 A: BORDER colour (bit 4: 0).
strument!
CDsound CALL SOUND Generate second half cycle.
18D8 JR LOOP Repeat sequence. In my next article I shall con-
FB EXIT El Enable Interrupts. tinue on the theme of creativity,
C9 RET End of routine. b u t w i t h a t t e n t i o n turned
toward the visual, rather than
Fig. 4. Cathy's program. the audial.

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Wf Masterfile-16
1 T K W W / I 1 1 for 16K Spectrum owners
We have produced a subset version of MASTERFILE called MASTERFILE 16
It has most of the features of big MASTERFILE. with 7 predefined report
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useful 4500 bytes of file space. MASTERFILE and MASTERFILE 16 are fully
'file compatible' and will happily process each other's files, so that 16K owners
who upgrade to 48K can use their old files immediately Complete with 12 page
manual, priced at Cfi.95
PLEASE REMEMBER TO STATE CLEARLY WHICH VERSION OF
MASTERFILE YOU REQUIRE.
as- GULPM W game of Ihe' man' variety

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of |0ystick control "An extraordinarily good program" raves Boris Allan for
Popular Computing Weekly We think you will agree €5 95
for
16KZX81 QULP2 almosi identical spec to GULPMAN
16 64K ZX81 THE FAST ONE is the predecessor to
MASTERFILE and is in use all over the world now Specification is very similar
lo MASTERFILE £ 1 ? 0 0
Campbell Systems, Dept (zx),

15, R o u s R o a d , B u c k h u r s t H i l l ,
Essex, I G 9 6BL, England.
Telephone: 0 1 - 5 0 4 0589 SUBS PACE STRIKER STARCHIEST
W t h y o u r deadfy Antimat W i t h t h e h e l p of your on-
torpedoes, y o u unleashhavoe b o a r d c o m p u t e r , y o u seek
Battle of Britain
in t h e F e d e r a t i o n space lanes a h a b i t a b l e p l a n e t amidst t h e
a n d tiy to dive back t o t h e perils o f d e e p s p a c e .
safety o f stibspace, f a s t
+ ZOR -? B a t t l e o f t h e + E N C O U N T E R - I n this
A strategic Wargame for the 48K Spectrum robots R g f - adventure, you are snatched
rhi« a r h n o - and the space
O n e d a y in s u m m e r , 1 9 4 0 R e p o r t s a r e c o m i n g in o l e n e m y b o m b e r
squadrons crossing the English coast, largel unknown
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c o m m a n d to intercept the i n c o m i n g Ihreat' features like C r e a t e . A m e n d . Save. V i e w Set
B r u s h a n d e n e m y squadron m o v e m e n t s are plotted on a superb H A R V E S T E R A c u t - t h r o a t s t r a t e g y g , i m e for 2 t o 4 players

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F e a t u r e s v a r i a b l e d i f f i c u l t y l e v e l s full c o n t r o l of s q u a d r o n
movements, r a n d o m l y selected targets a n d b o m b e r routes lor
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ZX-81 G A M E S
Trader ZX-81 + 16KRAM £995 •
S u b s p a c e Striker + Z o r ZX-81 + I6K R A M £395 •
48K Strategic Starquest + Encounter ZX-81 + 16K R A M E3 9 5 •
Wargame VIC20 G A M E S
Trader VIC 20 + I6K RAM £14 95 •
£7 95 •
Subspace Striker + Z o r VIC 20 + I6K RAM •
Starquest + E n c o u n t e r VIC20 + I6K RAM £795
only £5.95 Pixel P o w e r VIC 20 + 16K RAM £7.95 a
•
VIC 20 + 16K RAM £7 95
(inc. p&p) Harvester + Brainstorm
Please s e n d m e t h e g a m e s as t i c k e d
Total c h e q u e / P O enclosed
>
C h e q u e p a y a b l e t o OUICKSILVA
Name /
Address /
/
/
73 T h e B r o a d w a y , G r a n t c h e s t e r , C a m b r i d g e C B 3 9NQ
ZX C O M P U T I N G A P R I L / M A Y 1983
L_ _J
f
•
SOFTWARE CHECKLIST
Software
AM-ZXFILE U Amersham Software 16K £4.00
AM ZXMON U Amersham Software 16K £6.00
Anthmatic Teasers E Hard & Soft 3K £3 95
Around Europe in 80hrs G S W Hessel 16K £4.25
selection
Art b Fun G A Parsons 16K £4 95
Assembler U Artie 16K f 6 95
Asset Stripper G Buffer 16K £4.50
Asteroids G Quicksilva 16K £5 50
Asteroids G Mikro Gen 16K £3.95
Asteroids G Siiversoft 16K £3 95
Asteroids G The Software Farm 16K £5.95
Astro Sled G Arcadia 16K £1.99
if you're looking for

Astro Invaders G John Prince 16K £3 65
Atoms E AVC Software 1 6K £3 00
software for your

Autochef D Cases Computer
Simulations 16K £5.00
Sinclair computer, check

Avenger G Abacus Electronics 16K £4.95
Awari G Foilkade 16K £5 95
Awan G Understanding 16K £5.95
out our comprehensive Bagatelle

Bank Account
G
B
Cambell Systems
Transform
IK
16K
£4.00
£8 75
checklists first! Bargain Bytes 1 G Richard Shepherd 16K £5.00

Bargain Bytes 2 G Richard Shepherd 16K £5.00
Battleships,'Kami Ka*i Drive G V&H Computer 16K £3 50
The trouble w i t h owning a ZX81 the listings, you will find a list of
computer is that you are in- all the companies mentioned,
variably spoilt for choice when it complete with an address at
c o m e s to s o f t w a r e . Look which further enquiries may be
through any computer magazine made.
and y o u w i l l f i n d y o u r s e l f Happy hunting!
floundering is a sea of software
titles. Apologies
In this special feature, w e
have gathered together a com- If you supply software cassettes
prehensive selection of titles and you do not find your pro-
currently available on the ducts mentioned in these lists,
market. To help you further, you please write to ZX Computing,
will also find the type of pro- marked for the special attention
gram, either game (G), business of the Deputy Editor, and when
, Domestic (D), Utility (U), or it comes round to updating this
Educational (E), the company feature for inclusion in a future
you should contact and the price issue, w e will be able to include
of the cassette. At the back of your software titles.
_ G Buffer 16K £4.50
ZX81
Battle of Britain
g 0% MM • A Beam Analysis B Hilderbay 16K £25.00
5 1 i
im f• w
m i
L W WW a • Beamscan
Bearings
8
E
Hilderbay
Bryant S-'W
1 6K
16K
£25 00
£1 87
Biology 1 E AVC Software 16K £300
1K Chess Artie IK £2 9 5 Biology 2 £ AVC Software 16K £3 00
IK Fun Learning E A Parsons IK £3.95 Breakout G Anglo American 16K £4.50
1K Games Pack G Attic IK £6.00 Breakout G Bug Byte IK £3.50
IK Maths E Mr Purves IK £3 5 0 Breakout G J K Greye IK £1.95
1K Super Trio G Software Masters IK £7 9 6 Breakout G Mikro Gen 16K £3.95
1 6K Fun Learning E A Parsons 16K £4.95 Brick-Stop G R & R Software 16K £3 75
16K Games G Serious S 'W 16K £595 Bridge G ZX SAS 16K £6 50
16K Maths E Mr Purves 16K £3.50 Bomber G Mikro Gen 16K £3 95
3 0 Defender G J K G'eye 16K £4.95 Budget Et Address Book D Mr Purves 16K £4.00
3-D Labyrinth G dK'tronics 16K £3 9 5 Budget Programs (21 B Hiiderbay 1 6K £17.00
3-D Monster Maie G J K Greye 16K £4 95 Bumper 7 G Software Masters IK £4.95
5 0 1 K Programs G/U/E Educare IK £5 95 Business Bank Account B Transform 16K £8.75
ADVENT G Work Force 16K £5 95 Business Model Modeller X 0 Cases Computer
Accounts D Personal Software Simulations 16K £800
Services 16K £4 95 Business Peck B Transform 16K £25.00
Action Games G A Parsons 16K £4.95 Can Of Worms G Automata 16K £5 00
Adventure G Foilkade 16K £5 95 Cassette 1 G Orwm Software IK £3.80
Adventure G Abersoft 16K £8 9 5 Cassette 2 G Orwin Software 1K £5.00
Adveniure G Anglo American 16K £6.00 Cassette 3 G Orwin Software 16K £5.00
Adventure A G Artie 16K £5.95 Cassette 4 G Orwin Software 16K f 5.00
Adventure B G Artie 16K £5 9 5 ZX Scramble
Adventure C G Artie 16K £5 9 5 Gunfight
Adventure 1 G Abersoft 1 6K £9 95 Invaders
Adventure 1 G 0 J Moody 16K £5 0 0 Galaxy Invaders
Adventure 2 G D J Moody 1 6K £5.00 Snakebite
Adventure 3 G D J Moody 1 6K £5 0 0 Fungaloids
Adveniure 4 G D J Moody 16K £5 0 0 Life
Adveniure In Time G Work Force 16K £8.00 3D Tic Tac Toe
Airline G Cases Computer Cassette G2 G Psion 16K £4.95
Simulations 16K £5.00 Feet/Metres Conversion
Angle E AVC Software 1 6K £3.00 Rings Round Saturn
Aladdin E Bryants S/W 16K £1.87 Secret Code
Alien Dropout G Siiversoft 16K £3.95 Mind Boggling
AM AZON U Amersham Software 16K f 8 00 Stlvelte
AM ZXEDIT U Amersham Software 16K £4 0 0 Memory (Educ)
122 ZX COMPUTING APRILMAY 1983

SOFTWARE CHECKLIST
>0 Cassette G3 G Psion 16K £4.95 Chess tl Special G Artie 16K £45.00
>0 Train Race City G Macronics 16K €5.95
95 Challenge Claws E Bryants S W 16K £1.87
!5 Secret Message Compiler u SHversoft 1 6K £5 9 5
>6 Mmd That Meteor Compound E AVC Software 16K £3.00
»5 Character Doodle Cornpufile 0 Jaysoft 16K £4 95
>0 Currency Conversion Computerwme D Compulerwine 16K €7.95
>0 Cassette G4 G Psion 16K £4 9 5 Computer Count ZX B Buffer 16K £7.95
>5 Down Under Condition Red G Work Force 16K £3 95
>5 Submarines Conflict G Mortoch Games 16K £9 SO
lb Doodling With Graphics Constellation G Anglo American 16K £8 0 0
19 Invisible Invader Counter G Buffer 16K £5.50
15 Reactions Crag of Doom G Micromor 16K £4 99
to Petrol Conversion Critical Path Analysis B Hilderbay 16K £15.00
Cassette G5 G Psion 16K £4,95 Croaka Crawla G Quicksilva 16K £3 95
Martam Knockout Crystal Ball D Hard & Soft IK £ 3 95
Graffiti Cursor Input U Serious S W IK £2 95
Find the Mate
Labryinth
Drop a Brick
Continental (Educi
Cassette G6 G Psion 16K £4 95
Galatic Invasion
Journey into Danger
Create
Nine Hole Golf
Solitaire
Daylight Robbery
Cassette G7 G Ps<on 16K £4 95
Race Track
Chase
Nim
Tower of Hanoi
Docking (he Spaceship
Golf
Fascinating Tower ot
Hanoi (problem I
Cassette G8 G Psion 16K £4 95
Tower Trail DCoder u Personal Software
Blank Services 16K £5 95
Cassette G9 G Psion 16K £6 95 Dallas G Cases Computer
Bio Rhythms Simulations 16K £5 0 0
Your Bio-Rhythms Damsel & the Beast G Anglo American 16K £6 5 0
Cassette G 1 0 G Psion 1 6K £5.95 Damsel & the Beast G Big Byte 16K £6.50
Backgammon Database 8 Gemini 16K £7.50
Cassette G11 G Psion 16K £6,95 Data Base B Mr Purves 16K £10.00
Chess Data Base U Cambeii Systems 16K £10.00
Cassette G12 G Psion 8K £4 75 Data File Graphics U V&H Computer 16K f 2.50
Perilous Swamp Death Isle G Buffer 16K £4.50
Sorceror's Island Death Star Attack G Palanttr 16K £5 0 0
Cassette G13 G Psion 1 6K €3 9 5 Debug U Mikro Gen 16K £3.95
Space Raiders Defender G Quicksilva 16K £5.50
Bomber Deflex G dK'tronics 16K £3 95
Cassette G14 G Psion 16K £5 95 Dictator G Anglo American 16K £9 0 0
Flight Simulation Dictator G Bug Byte 16K £9 0 0
Diggles Kitchen D Micro Computer 16K £4 9 9
Diygles Kitchen Vol 1 D Micro Computer 16K €4 9 9
Diggles Kitchen Vol 2 D Micro Computer 16K £4 9 9
Diggles Kitchen Vol 3 D Micro Computer 16K £4.99
Diggle's Wine Cellar D Micro Computer 16K £4 9 9
Do Not Pass Go G Work Force 16K £6 95
Double Breakout G Buffer IK €6.00
Dragon Mate Life G Software Masters 16K £6 95
Educational Qui; E Rose Cassettes 16K £4 5 0
Electricity E AVC Software 16K £3 0 0
Electronics E Spectre 16K £5 95
Encounter G Pixel 16K £5 5 0
Espionage Island G Artie 16K £5.95
Fantastic Voyage G Foilkade 16K £5 95
Fast Life G dK'tronics 16K £3.96
Fighter Pilot G Digital Integration 16K £4.45
Financial Manager B Hiiderbay 16K €8 0 0
Football Manager B Addiciive Games 16K €7.95
Football Pools G Hartland 16K €5.95
Football Records G Micromor 16K £4 99
Forces E AVC Software 16K £3.00
Forensic E AVC Software 16K £3.00
Forth Compiler U AMiC 16K €35.00
Catacombs G J K Greye 16K £4.95 Fortress. Pontoon G V&H Computer 1 6K £3.50
Catalogue E Bryants S. W 16K £1.87 Fortune Telling G Butronics 16K £5.00
Centipede G Llamasoft 16K €1.95 French E AVC Software 16K £3.00
Centipede G dK'tronics 16K £4 95 Frogs G Mikro Gen 16K £3.95
Centipede (Graphics) G dK'ironies I6K £4 9 5 Frogger G DJL Software 16K £5 9 5
Champions Quiz E Rose Cassettes 16K £4.50 GB Ltd G S W Hessei 16K £5.25
Character Predictor D Hard 6 Soft IK £3.95 GCE Maths E Rose Cassettes 16K £4 50
Chass G Mikcro Gen 16K £6 5 0 Galactic Patrol G Computer Rentals 16K £4.95
Chess Board G Hard & Soft IK £3.95 Galaxian G Artie 16K £3.95
Galaxians G Quicksilva 16K £4.95
-
Chess 1,4 G Abersoft 16K £8.95
ZX COMPUTING A P R I L M A Y 1 9 8 3 • *. 123
/ / / / /
SOFTWARE CHECKLIST
Galaxy Conflict G Martech Games 1 6K £9.50
Galaxy Warrior.'Star Trek G Artie 16K £6.50
Game Of Cricket G Micromor 16K £4.00
Games G Artie IK £6.00
Games 1 G C Tech 16K £5.00
Games Pack G Mikro Gen IK £3.95
Games Pack 1 G Silversoft 16K £3 9 5
Games Tape G Crystal Computing 1K £4 9 5
Gamestape 1 G J K Greye IK £3.96
Gamestape 2 G J K Greve 16K £3.95
General Knowledge E A Parsons 16K £4 95
Geography E Psion 1 6K £ 6 95
Geography E AVC Software 16K £3.00
Ghost Hunt G Personal Software
Services 16K £3.95
Gold G Hitderbay 16K £6.00
Gobbleman G Artie 16K £3.95
Gobblers G The Software Farm 16K £5 95
Grail G Severn Software 16K £4.45
Graph £ AVC Software 16K £3.00
Graphic Golf G Silversoft 16K £3.95
Golf G R 8 R Software 16K £3 75
Gospel Stories E Bryants S.'W 16K £1.87
Grapix 2 U Nick Godwin 1 6K £6.99 Krazy Kong G Personal Software
Greatest Games VI G Work Force 16K £5 0 0 Services 16K £3.95
Greedy Gulch G Phipps Associates 16K £5 0 0 Labryinth G Axis 16K £5.95
Gulp Cambell Systems 16K £4 0 0 Labryinth G Soltware Masters 16K £5.95
G
Gulp 2 G Cambell Systems 1 6K language Dictionary U Hewson J6K £3.75
£4.75
Hangman G Nick Godwin 16K £2.99 Life G Artie 2K £300
Hedgehog & Co Buffer Line Renumber U Hewson 16K £4.95
G VK £3.00
High Res Graphics G Macronics 16K £4.00 Linear Programming E University Software 16K £6.95
History E Psion 16K £ 6 95 Love and Death G Automata IK £5,00
Home Doctor 1 D Eastmead 16K £6.75 MCoder U Personal Software
Home Doctor 2 D Eastmead Services 16K £7.95
16K £6.75
Home Doctor 3 0 Eastmead V6K £6 75 Machine Code Monitor
Home Doctor 4 D Eastmead 16K £6.75 Disassembler U Mikro Gen 16K £3.95
Home Doctor 6 D Eastmead 16K £6.75 Machine Code Test Tool U Oxford Computer
Home Doctor 6 D Eastmead 16K £6.75 Publishing 16K £9 95
Horse Racing G 16K Madame ZX81 D AVC Software 1 6K £3.00
Butronics £12.00
House of Gnomes Magic Cube G Cambell Systems 16K £4.00
G Anglo American 16K £7.00
Human Biology 1 E AVC Software 16K £3.00 Magic Mountain G Phipps Associates 16K £5.00
Human Biology 2 E AVC Software 16K £3 0 0 Man Page G Newsoft 16K £400
Hunt G Amba 16K £4 95 Master Maths IV E Buffer 16K £5.00
Inca Curse G Artie 16K £5.95 Master Maths V E Buffer 16K £5.00
Income Tax D ZX SAS 16K £6 5 0 Master Mind G Hard & Soft 3K £3 95
Index. Retrieval System D ZX SAS 16K Mathematics E Psion 16K £6 95
£4 5 0
Inheritance G S W Hessel 16K £4.25 Maths E A Parsons 16K £4 95
Integration E 16K Maths E 2XSAS 16K £8.00
University Software £5.95
Intermediate English 1 E £4 5 0 Maths Pack E Artie 4K £11 00
Rose Cassettes 16K
Intermediate English 2 E Rose Cassettes 16K £4 5 0 Matrix Operations E UNiversity Soltware 16K £5 95
Intermediate Maths 1 E Rose Cassettes 16K £4 5 0 Matrix Planner B Buffer 16K £6.00
Intermediate Maths 2 E Rose Cassettes 16K £4.50 Maze Drag Race G Personal Software
Invaders G Silversoft 16K Services 16K £3.95
£3.95
Invaders G Anglo American 16K Mazeman G Abersolt 16K £4.45
£4 0 0
Invaders G Bug Byte 16K £4 0 0 Mazogs G Bug Byte 16K £10 00
Invaders G Quicksilva 16K £5.50 Merchant ot Venus G Crystal Computing 16K £6 95
Invaders G Abersolt 16K £4 4 5 Minefield G R & R Software 16K £3 75
Invasion Force G Artie 16K £3.95 Mines of Moria G Severn Software 16K £4 95
Inventions before 1 8 5 0 E Psion 16K Mines of Saturn G Saturn Developments 16K £7.50
£6 95
JD Arcades G Computer Rentals 16K Mini Space Invaders G Hewson IK £3.95
£4.95
Junior English 1 E Rose Cassettes 16K £4.50 Mission Impossible G Buffer 16K £4 50
Junior English II E Rose Cassettes 16K £4 50 Monitor And Disassembler U Crystal Computing 16K £8 95
Junior Maths 1 E Rose Cassettes 16K £4 50 Mortgage D ZX SAS 16K £5.00
Junior Maths 2 £ Rose Cassettes 16K £4.50 Multifile U Anglo American 16K £17 50
Kingdom of Nam G Buffer 16K Munchees G Quicksilva 16K £3.95
£4.50
Knockout Whist G Anglo American 16K Muncher G Silversoft 16K £4.95
£4 0 0
KRAKIT G Artie 16K £9 95 Music & Composers E Psion 16K £695
Music Breakout/Invaders G Macronics 1K £7 95
Namitar Raiders G Artie 16K £3 95
Nasty Invaders G Giltrole 16K £4.95
Nasty Mountain G Giluole 1 6K £4.95
Naval Blockade G Hewson 16K £5 95
Night Gunner G Digital Integration 16K £4 95
Nightmare Park G Software Masters 16K £6.95
Novelists & Authors E Psion 16K £6 95
Nowotnik. Demolition
& Tenpin G Phipps Associates 16K £5 00
Numerics E Spectre 16K £5 95
Numerology G Carnell 16K £4.50
Odd One Out G Nick Godwin 16K £1.50
Office B Nick Godwin 16K £4 99
O Level Chemistry E Calpac 16K £5 50
0 Level French E Rose Cassettes 16K £4.50
0 Level Maths Revision E Rose Cassettes 16K £4.50
On Your Marks E Computatutor 16K £3 95
Optimax B Hilderbay 16K £40.00
Oracle's Cove G Buffer 16K £6.95
Pamtmaze G Mikro Gen 1 6K £3.95
Passwords G Giltrole 16K £3.95

SOFTWARE CHECKLIST
Payroll B Hilderbay 16K £25 0 0 Star Quest G Buffer 16K £5 50
Payroll B V & H Computer 16K £11.50 Starquest.'Encounter G Quicksilva 16K £3.95
Payroll/Com Analysis B V & H Computer 16K £12.65 Star Socker G Watson 16K £5.95
Peloponnenesian War G MCLothlonan 16K £4.50 Startrek G Gemini Software 16K £4.95
Personal Accounting Startrek G Silversoft 16K £3.95
Utility Ledger D Jaysoft 16K £4 95 Star Trek G Buffer 16K £4.50
Personal Banking System D Hilton 16K £9.95 Star Trek G Bug Byte 1 6K £5.00
Personnel Record System B Computator 1 6K £9.95 Star Trek G Macronics 16K £3.95
PEP U R & R Software 4K £5 95 Star Trek G SHversoft 16K £3.95
Pharaoh's Tomb G Phipps Associates >6K C6.00 Star Trok G Abersoft 1 GK £4 9 5
Ptiipps Adventures 1 G Phipps Associates 16K £5.00 Statistics B Hewson IK £3.75
Phys Prob E AVC Software 16K £3.00 Statistics E Severn Software 16K £6.45
Pilot G Hewson 16K £5.95 Stock Book B A Parsons 16K £9.95
Pimania G Automata 16K £8.00 Stock Control B Hilderbay 16K £25.00
Planet Defender G John Prince S ' W 16K £3.65 StOCktaker B D C Roberts 16K £6 5 0
Planet Lander G Hewson IK £3.75 Subspace Striker Zor G Quicksilva 16K £3.95
Planet of Death G Artie 16K £5 9 5 Super Breakout G Esseniial S W 1K £6.00
Plotter U Nick Godwin 16K £4 9 9 Super Glooper. Frogs G Sinclair Research 16K £4 9 5
Poets & Playwrites E Psion 16K £6.95 Super Invasion G Buffer IK £6 0 0
Polynomial E University Software 16K £5.95
Primary Arithmetic E Rose Cassettes 16K £4.50
Print Shot D Cases Computer
Privateer G MC Lothlorian 16K £4.50
Program Merge
Program Pack I
Program Pack I
B
G
U
ACS
Bug Byte
Anglo American
16K
1K
16K
£5.50
£3.50
£3.50
VUFILE
Program Pack II G Bug Byte 16K £4 5 0
Program Pack II U Anglo American 16K £3.50 KKatBM tfiUtt,^
Program Pack III G Bug Byte 1K £3.50
Program Pack IV G Bug Byte 16K £4.50
Program Pack V G Bug Byte 16K £4.50 "i'jii
Program Pack IV G Bug Byte 16K £4.50 I'TTIV
Program Store B ACS 16K £5.50
Program Store Toolkit B ACS 16K £5.50 •.Wl'iO rlliuH!
Programmer's Toolkit U Hewson 16K £6.50
Puck man G Hewson 16K £5 9 5
Purchase Day Book D Transform 16K £8 75 I THI m i l WITH i OK U M
Purchase Ledger D ZXSAS 16K £10.00
Purchase Ledger B Transform 16K £8 75
Purchase Ledger B Transform 32K £10.75 Supei Invasion G Essential S W IK £6 00
OS Asteroids G Quicksilva 4K £3.95 Super Mumpus G Silversoft 16K £3.95
QS Defenders G Quicksilva 4K £3.95 Super Programs I
QS Invadors G Quicksilva BK £3.95 Pints/Litres Conversion
QS Scramble G Quicksilva 4K £3.95 Invasion from Jupiter
Quarterly Analysis D Transform 16K £4.75 Skittles
Regression E University Software 16K £6 95 Magic Square
Renumber Delete U Workforce 16K £4 9 5 Doodle
Retail Accounting D ZXSAS 16K £10.00 Kim
Return To Earth G Saturn Developments 16K £7 5 0 Liquid Capacity G Psion 16K £4.95
Revamped Chess G Micro Gen 16K £6.50 Super Scramble G The Software Farm 16K £5.96
fteversi G Abersoft 16K £4 95 Super Wumpus G Silversoft 16K £3.95
Reversi G Sinclair Research 16K £6.95 SZX TSA U Saxon 16K £6 95
Revise Chemistry E Buffer 16K £7.50 SZX DBMS U Saxon 16K £4 9 5
Revise Maths E Buffer 16K £550 Tables E A V C Software 16K £3.00
Revise Physics E Buffer 16K £7.50 Tables Test E Bryants S. W 16K £1.87
Roman Empire G MC Lothlorian 16K £4.50 Taipen G Jaysoft 1 6K £4.95
Sales Day Book D Transform 16K £8.75 Tarot E V & H Computer 16K £2.50
Sales Ledger D ZXSAS 16K £10.00 Tasword D Tasman 16K £6 50
Sales Ledger B Transform 16K £8.75 Tempest G Mikro Gen 16K £3.95
Sales Ledger B Transform 32K £10.75 Ten Exciting Games G Buffer 1K £6.00
Samurai Warriors G MC Lothlorian 16K £4.50 Test Pack E Mr Purves 16K £7.50
Sargon Chess G Hilderbay 16K £22.50 The Bible G Automata IK £5.00
Scramble G Mikro Gen 16K £3 95 The Collector's Pack D Psion 16K £9 95
Scramble G Quicksilva 4K £5.50 The Fast One B Cambell Systems 16K £12.00
Screenkit 1 B Picturesque 16K £4.95 The Plug Record Recorder D Psion 16K £9.95
Secret Valley G Newsoft 16K £6 5 0 The War Game G AVC Software 16K £3.00
Secret of Tenworlh Manor G Hilderbay 16K £14.95 Thro' the wall/Scramble G Sinclair Research 16K £4 95
Share Portfolio D ZXSAS 16K £6.50 Time Bandits G Newsofl 16K £4,50
Ship Of Doom G Artie 16K £5.95 Time Ledger 8 Hilderbay 16K £15.00
Shop Window B Cambell Systems 16K £7.00 Tomb Of Dracula G Moviedrome 16K £3.95
Similes E AVC Software 16K £3.00 Toolkit U Artie 16K £5.95
Snap G Hard & Soft 3K £3.95 Toolkit U Sinclair Research 16K £5 9 5
Snapper G Severn Software 16K £3.75 Trader G Quicksilva 16K £9.95
Sorcerer's Castle G Micro Gen 16K £3.95 Trader Jack G Work Force 16K £5 95
Sorcery G Saxon 16K £3.95 Trap G Arriba 16K £4 9 5
Spaê Fighter G Arcadia 16K £1.99 Tyrant Of Athens G MC Lothlonan 16K £4 5 0
Space Intruders G Hewson 4K £5 9 5 UFO G Amba 16K £4 95
Space Invaders G Mikro Gen 16K £3.95 Very Next Mountain G Gilrole 16K £6.95
Space Invaders . G Macronics 16K £4 9 5 Video Index B Video Software 16K £9 95
Space Invaders G Macronics IK £3.95 Video add B Video Software 16K £5.95
Space Invaders G dK'tronics 16K £4,95 Videogtaph E Video Software 16K £5.95
Space Invaders.'Planetoids G Software Masters 16K £6.95 Videomap E Video Software 16K £5.95
Space Trek G Work Force 16K £5.00 Videoplan B Video Software 16K £5.95
Space Trek G Buffer 16K £8.00 Videoview D Video Software 16K £5.95
Spellbound E Transform 16K £3.75 Volcanic Dungeon G Carnell 16K £4 50
Spelling E Psion 16K £6.95 Vucak: B Psion 16K £7.95
Star Fighter G R & R Software 16K £3.75 Vufile B Psion 16K £7.95
SOFTWARE CHECKLIST
Warlord G MC Lothorian 16K £4.50 Business Bank Account B Transform 16 48K £8.75
What can 1 do with IK D V£tH Computer IK £4 9 5 Business Model Modeller X B Cases Computer
Winged Avenger G Work Force 16K £4 5 0 Simulations 16K £8 00
Wordfit G RAM Writer 16K £5.00 Business Pack B Transform 16 48K £25.00
Word 11* U Nick Godwin 16K £2.50 Breaker G Wizard 48K £3 50
Wordpack E Wida Software 16K £19.00 Cabman G Micro Power 16K £3 95
Wordsearch-Clock Calendar 0 V£»H Computer 16K £3.50 Centipede G dK'tronics 16 48K £4.96
X-Men G Amba 16K £4 9 5 Chess G Artie 48K £9.45
ZX Bomber G Micro Gen 16K £3.95 City G Docimodus 48K £8.00
ZX Broakout G Micro Gen I6K £3.95 Club Record Collector D ICL 48K £9 95
ZX Bug G Arlic 16K £6.95 Collector's Pack D ICL 48K £9.96
ZX Chess G Artie 1K £2 9 5 Colossal Adventure G Level 9 48K £990
ZX Chess G Mikro Gen 16K £3.95 Commercial Accounts 0 Gemini 1 6.48K £19.95
ZX Chess 1 G Artie 16K £6.50 Compiler U Softek 48K £14.95
ZX Chess II G Artie 1 6K £13.00 Compufile 0 Jaysott 16 48K £4 95
ZX Forth U Artie 16K £35.00 Conflict G Martech Games 48K £9 50
ZX Graphical Chess G Artie 16K £13.00 Cosmos G Abbex Electronics 16K £4.95
ZX Othello G Buffer 16K £6 95 Count down E AVC Software 16K £3 00
ZX Remload U Picturesque 16K £6 95 Crevasse Hotfoot G Microsphere 16K £4.95
ZX Scramble G Micro Gen 16K £3.95 Dallas G Cases Computer
ZX Sidepnnt U Microsphere 16K £4.95 Simulations 16K £5.00
ZX Space Invaders G Micro Gen 16K £3 9 5 Database D Buffer 16K £4.60
ZX Too! Kit U Bug Byte 16K £6 0 0 Data Base U Gemini 16 48K £19.95
ZX81 Chess G Soltware Masters 16K £6.90 Derby Oay G Computer Rentals 48K £5.95
ZXAS B Bug Byte 16K £5.00 Digital X-Word Compiler G N Darwood 16K £6.00
ZXDB B Bug Byte 16K £6 5 0 Dragon Adventure G Level 9 48K £9 90
ZXMC B Picturesque 16K £6.50 Editor/Assembler U Picturesque 16 48K £8 50
Zac-Men G Macronics 16K £3 9 5 Educational Qui/ E Rose Cassettes 48K £4 50
Zombie Sword of Peace G Artie 16K £6 50 Electronics E Spectre 48K £5 95
Zombies G R Ef R Software 16K £3 75 English Literature E ICL 16K £6.96
ZOR G Pizzel 16K £5.50 Escape G New Generation S W 1 6K £4.95
ZOR G Pixel 16K £5.50 Espionage Island G Artie 48K f 6 95
Zuckman G OJL Software 16K £5.95 ETX G Abbex Electronics 16K £5 95
Everest Ascent G Richard Shephe'd 1 6/48K £6 50
Evolution G Microsphere 48K £6.96
Faust's Folly G Abbex Elecnonics 16K £5.95
V# MA - A Figaro II D Saxon 48K £14 95
^r * w wJ V III* Football Manager G Addictive Games 48K £7.95
M i My v
m 3 LPw ™H L L i u • •
Football Pools
Fortune
G
D
Hartland
AVC Software
48K
16K
£5 95
£3.00
French E AVC Software 16K £3.00
Galaxian G Artie 16K £3.95
C A T
l U C rL l IIJ
ll111
Frog Showdown G Artie 16 48K £4.95
w a w • m' a I " Frogger

Fruita
G
G
A&F Software
Wizard
48K
48K
£7 00
£6.50
Galaxy Conflict G Martech Games 48K £9.50
Galleons G Wizard 48K £5.00
Game of Logic E N Darwood 16K £800
3D Mazenture G Softek 48K £3.96

3D Tan* G dK'tronies 16/48K C4.95
3D Tunnel G New Generation 16 48K £4.95
Adventure G Foilkade 16/48K £5.95
Adventure G Abersott 48K £9.95
Adventure 1 G D J Moody 16K £5.00
Adveniure 2 G D J Moody 16K £5.00
Adventure 3 G O J Moody 16K £5.00
Adventure 4 G O J Moody 16K £5.00
Adveniure Quest G Level 9 48K £9.90
Airline G Cases Computer
Alien G Spectre Soft 16K £3.95
Alien Command G Microware 16K £4.75
Angles E AVC Sofiware 16K £3.00
Arcade Pack 1 G Ohmega Electronics 16K £4 82
Arcadia G Imagine Software 16 48K £5.50
Aspect Assembler U Bug-Byte 16.48K £9.00
Assembler U Artie 16K £995
Assembler Disassembler U Hewson 16 48K £8.95
Associative Database Games 4 G ICL 16K £4.95
System D Docimodus 16K £15.00 Games Pack 1 G Abacus Electronics 16K £4 95
Asteroids G Abbex Electronics 16K £5 9 5 Geography 1 E ICL 16K £6.9S
Astro Scramble G C Tech 1 6 48K £2 95 Gobbleman G Artie 16K £3 95
Atoms G Cornhill 16K £5-50 Gold G Hilderbay 48K £8 00
Audio Sonics U Work Force 16 48K £4 9 9 Golf G R&R Soltware 16K £3 7 5
Autochef D Cases Computer Gorfian G C Tech 16/48K £5.00
Simulations 16K £5 0 0 Grail G Severn Soltware 1 6.48K £4 95
Avenger G Abacus Elecironics 16K £4.95 Graph E AVC Software 16K £3.00
Awan G Foilkade 16-48K £5.95 Graph U Spectre Soft 16K £4 95
Backgammon G Mtcrdware 16K £5.00 Graphics Creator U Llamasoft 16K £2.95
Battle Of Britain G M S 48K £5 9 6 Great Britain Ltd G S W Hessef 48K £14.39
Bit. Byte Rotation U Cornhill 16K £4 50 Ground Attack G Siiversoft 16.48K £5.95
Biorhythms D ICL 16K £6.95 Ground Force Zero G Titan 16 48K £500
Black Crystal G Carnell Software 48K £7.50 Gufpman G Cambell Systems 16K £5 95
Bridge G ZX SAS 16.'48K £6 50 Hangman G Spectie Soft 16K £4.95
Bomber G Llamasoft 16K £2.96 Hangperson E AVC Software 16K £3.00

SOFTWARE CHECKLIST
Harrier G Abbex Electronics 16K £5. 9S
Headbanger G Llamasoft 48K £4.95
High Noon G Abbex Electronics 16K £5 95
History ' E ICL 16K £695
Home Accounts D Gemmi 16 48K CI 9 95
Horace Goes Skiing G Psion 16 48K 5 95
Hungry Horace G Psion 16 48K £5.95
tnca Curse G Artie 48K £6.95
Income Tax D ZX SAS 16 48K £6.50
Index Retrieval System D ZX SAS 16.48K £4.50
Infrared U ACS Software 16 48K £6.75
Inheritance G S W Hessei S/W 48K £5 95
Intermediate English 1 E Rose Cassettes 16K £4.50
Intermediate English 2 E Rose Cassettes 48K £4.50
Intermediate Maths 1 E Rose Cassettes 48K £4 5 0
Intermediate Maths 2 E Rose Cassettes 48K £4.50
Invaders G Artie 16/48K £4.95
Invasion G Abbex Electronics 16K £5.95
Inventions 1 E ICL 16K £6.95
Jackpot G Computer Rentals 48K £5.95
Jackpot Fruit Machine
Submarine Attack G Richard Shepperd 48K £4 9 5
Junior Education 6 Calpac 16 48K £5 5 0 Penetrator G Melbourne House 48K £6.95
KRAKIT G Artie 16K £9 9 5 Personal Accounting Utility 16/
Krajy Kong,-Panic Island G C Tech 16 48K £5.00 Ledger 0 Jaysoft 48K f 895
L-Game G Quicksilva 16K £3 95 Personal Banking System D Hilton 48K £9 95
Learning E AVC Software 16K £3.00 Phantasmagraphics D Saxon 16 48K £6.95
Pharoah's Tomb G Software For All 48K £6 95
Physprob E AVC Sofiware 16K £3.00
Pilot G Hewson 16K £5 95
Pimania G Automata 48K £10.00
Planet Of Death G Artie 16 48K £6.95
Primary Arithmetic E Ross Cassettes 48K £4 50
Print Shot G Cases Computer
Programmer's Dieam u Work Force 16 4SK £6 9 5
Programmer's Toolkit U JRS Software 16 48K £5 95
Programs From Spectrum
Machine Language Book G/U Melbourne House 16K £5 95
Purchase Day Book B Transform 16'48K £8 75
Purchase Ledger 0 ZX SAS 16 48K £10.00
Quarterly Analysis B Transform 16 48K £4 75
Renumber Delete u Work Force 16 48K £4 95
Rescue G Computer Rentals 48K £5 95
Retail Accounting O ZX SAS 16 48K £10.00
Reverst G Sinclair Research 16K £7 95
Reversi G Snectre Soft 16K £4 95
Roman Empire G M C Lothlonan 16.48K £5 50
Rox III D Llamasoft 16K £2 95
Sales Day Book B Transform 16 48K £8.75
Sales Ledger 0 ZX SAS 16 48K £10.00
Samurai Warriors G M C Lothlorian 16 48K £5.50
Schizoids G Imagine Software 16.48K £5.50
Machine Code Test Tool U Oxford Computer 16/ £4 95
Scramble G Work Force 16.48K
Publishing 48K £9.95 16'48K £5.50
Scramble G Mikro Gen
Vagic Cards G Corn hill 16K £3 5 0
Shaken But Not Stirred G Richard Shepherd 48K £6.50
Mailing List 0 Gemini 1 6 48K £19.95
Ship Of Doom G Artie 48K £6 95
Masterchess G Mikro Gen 48K £6 9 5
Ship Of The Line G Richard Shepherd 16.48K £6 5 0
Masterfite D Cambell Systems 48K £15.00 16K £4 95
Snackman G Amba Software
Maths E ZX SAS 16 48K £8.00
Softtime D Softek 1 6 48K £395
Maiing G Spectre Soft 16K £4 95
Sorcerer's Castle G Mikro Gen 48K £5 50
Mazeman G Abersoft 16K £4 95
Space Intruders G Qutcksilva 16K £4 95
Meteor Storm G Quicksilva 16K £4 95 £4 95
Space Raiders G Psion 16'48K
Meteroids G Softek 16.48K £4.95
SPDE D Cambell Systems 16K £5 95
Meteroids G dK'tronics 16 48K £4.95
Mined out G Quicksilva 48K £4 95
Speakeasy u Quicksilva 48K £4 95
Mines Of Moria G Severn Software 48K £5 95
Spec Bug u Artie 16 48K £6.95
Spectral Invaders G Bug Byte 16K £5 0 0
Mines Of Saturn/Return 16 £5.00
Spectrec G Paianur 48K
To Earth G Saturn Developments 48K £7 50
Spectres G Bug-Byte 16 48K £8.00
Monitor U Picturesque 16 48K £7 50
Spectrum Games G JRS Software 16K £4.95
Monitor and Disassembler u Crystal Computing 16 48K £8 95
Mortgage 0 ZX SAS 16.48K £5 00
Multi Function Cash
Controller 0 Richard Shepherd 48K £10.00
Munchcr G Silversoft 16 48K £5 95
Music 1 0 ICL 16K £6 95
Night flight G Hewson 16 48K £5 9 5
Numerics E Spectre 48K £5 95
0 Level Chemistry E Calpac 48K £5.50
Qmmcalc 0 Microsphere 48K £9 9 5
Orb G Impact Software 48K £5 0 0
Orbiter G Silversoft 16 48K £5.95
Namiiar Raiders G Artie 16K £3.95
Over The Spectrum No. 1 G/U Melbourne House 16K £5 95
Over The Spectrum No 2 G/U Melbourne House 16K £5.95
Parity E N Oar wood 16K £6 0 0
Pascal 4 U Hisoft 48K £25
Pastimes 2 G ICL 16K £4.95
Payroll B Hilderbay 48K £25
* * / / / / / /
SOFTWARE CHECKLIST
Spectrum Zap Abeisofi.
ZX Reactor 16K C8.50 j m CIOEvc B O f T w a n t 7 Maes Atallen,
G ASP Software Bow Street.
Spectsound D POQ Software 16K €5 9 6 Oyfed
Spookyman G Abbex Electronics 16K €4 9 5 SY24 5BA.
Starfighter G Impact Software 16K £5 0 0
Starship Enterprise G Silversoft 48K £5 9 6 DEFENDER Addictive Games.
PO Bo* 270.
Startrek G Gemmi Software 48K £5 9 5 Conriibuirow,
Fuller Micro 16K Milion Keynes.
Star Trek G £6.50 MK14 7NE.
Star Trek G Impact Soltware 16K £5.00
Star Trek G RErR Software 48K £4 9 5 Amba Sohwaie.
Statistics D Severn Software 16 48K £6 95 Free post.
Cambridge
Stock Control D Gemini 16f48K £19.95 CB3 JBR
Stock Control 0 Hilderbay 48K £25 / • ^
Storm-Fighters G John Prince 16 48K £4 95
f / C x -
Sub Track
Superdeflex
G
D
Amba Soltware
Llamasoft
16K
48K
£4.95
£4 9 5
/ / \ \
GAMESTAPE S
Super Giooper Frogs G Sinclair Research 16K £4.95
Igr t«K ZXSt
Superpack 1 D Video Software 48K £7.00
Superplan D Video Software 48K £12.00
Tables E A V C Software 16K £3.00
Taipen G Jaysoft 16 4 8 K £4.95
Tasword D Tasman 48K £7.95
The Chess Player G Quicksilva 48K £6.95 ACS Soltwaie.
The Hobbit G Melbourne House 48K £14.95 7 Lidgett Ciescent
Roundhay,
The Orb G Computer Rentals 48K £4.95 Leeds
The Quest G Impact Software 48K £5.00
The Valley ASP Software 48K £11.45 AbF Soltwaic.
G 10 Witpshife Avenue
The Zolan Adventure G Softek 16K £4.95 Longsight.
Thro' the wall. Scramble G Sinclair Research 16K £4.95 Manchester
Time-Gate G Quicksilva 48K £6.95
ASP Soltware,
Toolkit U Sinclair Research 16K £5.95 ASP l i d .
Transylvanian Tower G Richard Shepherd 48K £6.50 14 5 ChBTing Cross Road.
Treasure Hunt G Amba Software 16K £4 95 London WC2H OEE
Triplet G Wizard 48K £5.50 AVC Soltware.
PO Bon 416,
Harboine.
ifminghi
Birmingham,
B 17 9TT
Abacus Electronics.
1 86 Si Helen's Avenue.
Swansea.
West Glamorgan
Abbe* Electiomcs,
20 Ashley Court,
Great Nonhway.
London NW4
iU&JU-DiJ
Amersharn So'twaic.
long Root,
r lervines Road
Ameisham,
Bucks,
HP6 SHS.
Anglo American Software.

1 38a Stiatlwd Court,
Sparkhitl,
Birmincjhnni
Arcadia Sottwaie.
Fieepost.
Software ftx your Sinclair Swansea.
Turtle E AVC Software 16K £3.00 SA3 4 77.
Tyrant ol Athens G M C Lothlorian 16/ Aitic Computing,
48K £5.60 396 James Heckit! Avenue
Ultraviolet U ACS Software 16/ Hull.
48K £7.50 vrotfM IWH HU80-IA
User Defined Graphics U Cornhill I6K £1.50 inmftv jJuOHM CJKVT Automata Ltd.
Video Pack D C Tech 16/ 65a Osborne Road.
sviirunco^-tuv Portsmouth.
48K £5.00 POS SLR
Vu 3-D D Sinclair Research 48K £9.95
Viewpoint U ACS Soltware 16/ Axis.
71 Biockl>eld Avenue.
48K £6.50 Loughborough.
Voice Chess G Artie 16/ Leicester,
48K £9.95 LEI 1 3LN
Vu-Calc D Psion 16/ Bryants Soltware.
48K £8 95 I The Hollies.
Winged Avenger G Work Force 16K £4.50 Chalcroli Lane.
North Berstead.
Wordprocess B Spectre Soft 16K £4.95 Bogrtor Regis.
Zeus Assembler U Crystal Computing 48K £8.95 West Sussex.
ZX Forth U Artie 48K £29.95 P021 55X.
ZX Games 1 G ASP Software 16K £5.99
Buffer Micro Shop
ZX Sidepnnt U Microsphere 16K £4 9 5 StOStrratham High Road.
ZX Utility 1 U ASP Software 48K £5.99 London SW16
128 Z X C O M P U T I N G APfllL/MAY 1 9 8 3
1
SOFTWARE CHECKLIST
Bug Byte DJL Software. Gemini Software. ICL.

98 100 The Albany. 9 tweed Close. 36 Badminton Road. Putney Bndge.
Old Hall Street. Swindon. Leicester London
Liverpool. Wilts. Lt4 7R0
SN2 3PU. Imagine Soltware.
Bu1ronic& Co. Masons Building.
\ Da'wood. Giitrole Ltd. Exchange Stieet Ea9t.
•14 46 Earl s Court Road. PO Bo* 50.
London W8 6EJ Half acres. Liverpool.
Stroud, Rugby. Merseysidc
Petersfield. Warks. 12 3P*J
C Tech. CV21 4DH
184 Market Street. Hampshire
Impact Software.
Hyde. Nick Godwin, 70 Redford Avenue
Cheshire Digital Integration, 4 Huikur Crescent. Edinburgh.
22 Ash Church Road. Eyemouth, EH 13 OBW
Calpac Computer Software. Ash. Berwickshire.
1 08 Hermitage Wood* Crescent. Aldershot. TO 14 5AP Jayso't.
St Johns, Hants. 22 Dane Acres.
Woking. GUI 2 6LX
Surrey.
JK Greye Software,
1 6 Park Snoot.
Bishop's Stortford
Herts
/
GU21 1UF dK'tronics. Bath.
23Susse> Road. Avon, JRS Softwaie,
Got lesion.
Cambeil System*.
Rous Road. Great Yarmouth
Norfolk.
BAt 2TE 1 9 Wayside Avenue.
Wonhing. /
Suckhu'st Hill Hard £i Solt. Sussex.
Esse*. 85 Snowden Avenue, HN1 3 3JU
IG9 6BL OocimoduS. Hillingdon.
161 Walm«isley Road. Middlesex, Level 9 Computing,
Came" Software. Bury. UB10 0SE 229 Hughonden Road.
4 Staunion Road. Lancashire. High Wycombe.
Slough. BL9 5DE Hartland Software. Bucks
SL2 INT 8 Penjance Place llamasoft Softwa'e.
Eastmead Computer Systems. London W11 4PA. 49 Mount Pleasant.
Cases Computer Simulations. Eastmead House, Tod ley.
1 4 Lang ton Way Lyon W a y . 5 Hessel Software. Hants.
London SE3 7TI Cambcrley. I 5 Lytham Court. RG26 68N
Surrey. Caidwell Crescent.
Computatutor, GU16 5EZ. Sunmnghill, MC Lothlonan.
3 Thalia Close. Berkshire 4 Gtanby Road.
Greenwich. Educate. Cheadie Hume.
SE10 4Â 139a Sloan® S u e d Cheadle.
London SW1X 9AY Hewson Consultants. Cheshie.
Computerwinr. 7 Gtaham Close. SK8 6LS
3 labumam Way Essential Software. Blew bury.
4 7 Brunswick Centre. Oxon MS.
EtwaH.
London WC1. 73 The Broadway,
Dei by
Hiklerbay Ltd, Grantchestei.
Foilkade Ltd, Sr'10 Parkway. Cambridge.
Computet Rentals l t d .
66 Littledean. Regents Paik. CB3 9NQ
140Whitechapel Road,
London E1 Yate. London NW1 7AA.
Bristol, Macronics
BS1 7 4UQ. Hilton Computet Services. 26 Spieis Close.
Comhill Services. Knowle.
2 Penrith Way, 1 4 Avalon Road.
Orpinglon, Solihull,
Aylesbury. Fuller Micro Systems, West Midlands.
Bucks. The ZX Centre. Kent.
BR6 9AX B93 9ES.
HP21 7JZ. Sweeting Street.
Liverpool 2
HiSOft. Mattech Games.
Crystal Computing. 9 Oillmghorough Road.
50 Chartes Close Gemini Functional Soltware Specialists. 60 Hallam Moor.
Lidon, Eastbourne.
Wroxham. 9 Salterton Road. East Sussex,
Norwich. Exmouth. Swndon.
Wiltshire BN20 8LY
NR1 2 8TU. Devon
ZX COMPUTING APRIL,'MAY 1 9 8 3 129
/ /
SOFTWARE CHECKLIST
M e l b o u r n e H o u s e Publishers. O i w m Soltware. D C Roberts. Spectre S o f t ,
1 3 1 Trafalgar Road 2 6 B r o w n l o w Road 1 0 7 a Royal George Road. Ounelm C o t t a g e
Greenwich. WHlesden. Burgess Hill. M a l t m a n s Lane
London SE 1 0 . London N W 1 0 Sussex Gerrards Cross.
S L 9 BRS
Micro Computer Software O x f o r d Computer Publishers. Rose Cassettes.
Unit 0 6 . 1 4 8 W i d n e y Lane T asm a n ,
PO B o * 9 9 ,
Pear industrial Estate. Solihull, 1 7 Hartley Crescent.
Oxford.
Stockport Road. W e s t Midlands. Leeds,
Lower Bredbury. PDQ Software. B91 3LH L S 6 2LL
Stockport. Parsley Rye.
SK6 2Bf Hilders Lan®. Saturn D e v e l o p m e n t s . The S o f t w a r e Farm.
Eden bridge, 3 7 Heoi Duia«s Crmgo Farm.
M i c r o Power kent, Birchgrove. Botonv Bay.
H 8 a Regent Street. Swansea. 1intern,
TN8 6JU
Chapel A Her ton. S A 7 9LT Gwent
Leeds Palentir Programs
L S 7 4PE Brockham, Saxon Computing. Titan Programs.
H y d e Lane, 3 S t Catherines Drive The Computer Palace.
D anbury, LeconliekJ. 4 6 M a r k e t Place,
Essex Beverley. Chipperton,
Humberside Wilts.
A Parsons, S N I 5 3HU
2 3 Coxhill Gardens, Serious S o f t w a r e .
7 W o o d s i d e Road T r a n s f o r m Ltd.
River,
Bickiev. 4 1 Keats House.
Dover,
Bromley. Porchesler M e a d .
Kent
Kent. Beckenham.
Bfll 2ES Kent
Personal S o f t w a r e Services,
4 S 2 S t o n e y S t a n t o n Road,
Coventry
Micromor
1 Elizabeth Close.
Ynysforgan.
SWWMI,
SA6 6RW
Microsphere Computer Services.

7 2 Rosebeny Road.
L o n d o n N 1 0 2LA
Mikro Gen.
2 4 Agar Crescent.
Bracknell.
Berks
DJ Moody.
mzxsi
I Stamhill C o t t a g e s .
Granby Lane.
Bingham
Notts.
NG13 8DH
DC r TD!
C L i KUi i
M o v i e r l ' o m e Video.
1 9 Le.ghton A v e n u e ,
Phipps Associates.
Pinner. Understanding Ltd.
9 9 East Street,
H A 5 3BW The Production Village.
Epsom,
Surrey. 1 0 0 C r i c k l s w o o d Lane
K T 1 7 1EA London N W 2 2 0 b
Picturesque, Severn S o f t w a r e . University S o l t w a r e

6 C o r k s c r e w Hill, S School Crescent. 4 S C Stoane Street,
West Wickham. Lydnoy. London S W 1 X 9 L U
Kent. Glos.
BR4 9BB G L I 5 5TA VErH Computer Services.
1 8 2 C Kingston Road.
Pixel Productions. Richard S h e p h e i d S o f t w a i e . Staines.
3 9 Riplev Gardens. Free post. Middlesex
London W 1 4 8MF Maidenhead
Berks Video Software.
John Prince. SL6 5B¥ Stone Lane.
2 9 Brook A v e n u e , Kinver.
Levenshire. Silver soft, Stourtindge.
Manchester M 1 9 2 0 Orange Street. W e s t Midlands
London W C 2 H 7EO
Psion Ltd. W a t s o n s S o f t w a r e Services.
2 Hunlsworth Mews. Sinclair Research. 1 Ivy C o t t a g e s .
Gloucester Place. Stanhope Road. Long Road W e s t ,
London N W 1 6 D D Camberley. Dedham.
Surrey. Essex
J Purves. G U I 5 3PS C O 7 6EL.
1 2 Stobhill Road.
Gorebndge. Soltek. Wida Soltware.
Midlothian, 3 2 9 C r o x t e d Road. 2 Nicholas Gardens.
E H 2 3 4 Pi., London S E 2 4 London W S SHY
N e w Generation S o f t w a r e
Freepost Quicksilva. S o f t w a r e For All. Wizard S o f t w a r e .
Oldland C o m m o n . 9 2 N o r t h a m Road. 7 2 N o r t h Street. PO Box 2 3 .
Snstol, S o u t h a m p t o n S O 2 OPB Romford, Dunfermline.
BS1 5 6BR Essex File.
RfrR S o l t w a i e . KYI 1 5RW
N e w s o f t Products, 3 4 Bourton Road, Software Masters.
1 2 W h u e b r o o m Road. Gloucester, 3 0 Lincoln Road. W o r k f o r c e Force.
Hemel Hempstead, G L 4 OLE Olton. 1 4 0 Wrlsden A v e n u e
Mart* Birmingham, Luton.
R A M Writer, Beds,
Ohmogo Electronics. 3 V u m b a House. Spectre, LU1 5HR
3 7 Chichester Square. 2 Cedar Gardens, 2 Mull Close.
Carrickfergus. Sutton, Oakley. 2X SAS.
Country Antrim, Surrey. Basingstoke, 4 2 4 6 N e w Broad Street.
SM2 5 0 6 Hants. London E C 2 M 1QY
B T 3 8 BJU.

SPECTRUM
NEWS FROM
Jus; received vour issue 2 Spectrum' No ooi^t m ioofcm<) any
further we have the products vou need a; the prices you expect
32K Memory
SP 48 64K Memory extension
* y extension
(giving total & 48K UpgraOeabie
Upc to SP80J |f/vir>g m a s w r 80K)
Both the SP48 and the SP90 fit inside the Spectrum case, are fully compatible with ail
Sinclair add-ons |ZX Printer RS232 Mcrodrive etc | are very low in power consumption
require no soisoering are easy to fit and remove and carry our fun guarantee
Transfer your ZX81 8ASJC

and machine code programs
ana data onto your
This supert) piece of software enables your Spectrum to LOAD programs from Z x 8 l tapes
and automatically c o n v n s t h r m to Spfctrumew* ready for normal Spectrum SAVEmg
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V n d 1 '• ' FREE 1 ' i is' I •••itc«- «;<!>:'•• - Cm'- 1 ! «•: . - A t * - : Dot« .
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Pl<eS.IVVjOr VAr PlfMM-lick I yOulrqi>'r VAT r«f«C L_i
PlfWirthmf nemdfsc'ipton Quaiwy f u
P&P 45
Outstanding Features
ir"CK3ip<'vv;ljFiPOp*y.»tiiffoEj«lefV*snfiot)cc<sio' TOtAl t _ _
• Super strong nylon and steel construction, built t o last
ISwmp MriM>vM>» AOcyfW
• A total of 8 directions plus 2 large fire buttons.
EAST L O N D O N ROBOTICS — T H E O P T I M U M SOLUTION
• Arcade proven moulded leaf switches ensure incredible reliability.
• C o m p l e t e w i t h self contained boxed interface which simply plugs
into the Spectrum expansion port ( w i t h or without printer).
EDUCATIONAL COMPUTING • Easily programmed in BASIC or M / C .
ZX81
on the These arcade games, designed exclusively for the J o y s t i c k by leading
No comparable software houses, are n o w available for Spectrum:
co/fecfion Time G a m e M/C 48K £6 9S
offers so much Meteroids M/C I6K £4.95
Spooky Man M/C I6K £4 95
strongly torso /it lie
KEmpsron
recommended by Cosmos M/C I6K £4 95
educational Fifty high-quality programs to turn your ZX81
authorities
W a t c h this space for new software!
or Sfpectrum into a powerful educational tool-
Ve,— —
Ana r&u don t even nee<1 to know programming
Thara a/a cJaar Initiuchoni end plant, ot dps
t etfyice OattgnaO to goOayonO anil 4, practice
work
C P F C T R U M Me promo it fining through interaction i (fcecow r-
Includes - MICRO " ELECTRONICS
TORTOISE 180a Bedford Road. Kempston, Bedford MK42 8BL
A smphfied
version of t h e
famous Turtle
programme f I wish to o r d e r |
COOED MISSILE
Quantity Item Price
Combines the
f u n of a r c a d e
games w i t h
learning
Includes many £ 5 - 9 5 only

£ l 00
games paperback 110 pages Post 4 Packing
plus Spectrum iupplenwit
Giaph-ptotter • Histogram • S.mon-speli* SkctcliLuard • Times-table • Sets Total (VAT inclusive)
Senes-quu • XT-coordinates • Count • Eouations • Areas • Guess a V o l w * Cheques/ Postal orders should be made payable t o
Angles • Upstairs Downstairs • Music-notes • See-saw • Wipe-out • Spell Kempston (Micro) Electronics
Temperatuie • Clock • Money • Snake F I A Q p
Name
Mastermind* Mumber shoot • • 26 more l l U U v M K l l
/
| T0 ""^Please send m e copies Educare s 5 0 | Address /
I
139a Sloane
EDUCARE 11 enclose cheque postal order for £
St i ^ a m e
•
(L o n d o n I . . . a Post to K e m p s t o n ( M i c r o ) E l e c t r o n i c s , D e p t Z X C 2
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' e S i
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' / / / / /
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iJatf Sajiitfuitaii Fro^M C ivant mt aulhot
3
T ol lha h«yhlv accla»mari
30 MONSTER VA/f M l
30 01 FEN 01 H
30 TUNNEL 11€K & 48K V«rt*oni on onr t*p«l

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AIDES ARE FOUR "POWER
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ZjIJJ C j j j / j i | j j i
u hllJJt J • M A C H I N E C O D E D FOR FAST A C T I O N
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I I 0 I I I
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i. jS
AN ANNO YINGLY FRUSTRATING G A M E ! F O R ONLY £5.95
FOR 16/H8K SPECTRUt
FSCAPE I r«qUif«toAiv 16Kl

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tO brftmd N#6fet Of lO tM( Otet lh«m to IWOOp S T A Y A L I V E AS L O N G AS POSSIBLE I N O P E N SPACE F I L L E D W I T H F L Y I N G H O C K S
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SINCLAIR USER Puce £4 QR16K-SPECTRun\ O F L I T T L E BITS A N D M A K E S L I F E E V E N W O R S E I
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Orders to: NEW GENERATION SOFTWARE d e p t E E l
THIS GAME IS JUST AS BAD! - AND ONLY £5.95
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AN OFFER FOR REAL MASOCHISTS - BOTH TAPES FOR £9.95
O L D L A N D COMMON, BRISTOL BS15 6BR
MAIL ORDER ONLY-PLEASE MAKE CHEOUE/PO PAYABLE TO
*
Please send s.a.e. with all enquires and for lists of stock- THE SOFTWARE FARM OEPT A
ists. TRADE ENQUIRIES WELCOME AT ADDRESS CRAIGO FARM. BOTANY BAY. T I N T E R N , GWENT
ABOVE.
THE FIRST MIDLANDS REGION SHOP
TO USER STORE"
SPECIALISING IN SINCLAIR COMPUTER
ACCESSORIES AND HOME
COMPUTING GENERALLY.
STOCKING: SINCLAIR ZX81 and SPECTRUM, DRAGON 32, ORIC 1 and

JUPITER ACE. FULL RANGE OF HARDWARE and SOFTWARE.
Possibly the widest range of software available in the Midlands.
BBC software now available!
SPECIAL MICROWAAE'S OWN SOFTWARE FOR THE Z X S P E C T R U M .
ALIEN C O M M A N D 1 6 / 4 8 K SPECTRUM ONLY £ 4 . 7 5
B A C K G A M M O N 1 6 / 4 8 K SPECTRUM ONLY £ 4 . 5 0
YAHTZEE 1 6 / 4 8 K SPECTRUM ONLY £ 4 . 5 0
Please include 50p post & packaging with software orders.
5 ST. PETERS LANE
"^sksSt- LEICESTER
TEL: 0533 29023
Open 9 . 3 0 - 5 . 3 0
Y set j
closed Monday
SENOS A E
FOR FURTHER DETAILS
132 ZX C O M P U T I N G APRIL/MAY 1983

MACHINE
SPECIFICATIONS
ZX80
Immediate mode
The Z X 8 0 will function in the "calculator m o d e " by immed-
iately executing a statement if it is not preceded w i t h a tine
number.
Dimensions Cassette interface
Width 174mm (6.85 in) Works w i t h most domestic cassette recorders. The transfer rate
Depth 2 1 8 m m (8.58 in! is 250 baud using a unique tape-recording format. Other
Height 38 m m (1. 5 in ) systems are not compatible w i t h the ZX80's. The Z X 8 0 also
Weight 300g (10.5oz) SAVEs the variables as well as the program on cassette. There-
fore you can save the data for updating next time the program
Microprocessor/Memory is executed. The Z X 8 0 does not support separate data files. The
Z 8 0 A 3 . 2 5 MHz clock lead supplied w i t h the Z X 8 0 is f i t t e d w i t h 3 . 5 m m jack plugs.
ROM: 4K bytes containing BASIC Expansion bus
A t the rear has 8 data, 16 address, 13 control lines f r o m the
RAM: I K bytes internal, externally expandable to 16K bytes. processor and Ov, 5v, 9-11v, 0 and internal memory control
line. These signals enable y o u to interface the Z X 8 0 to your
Display o w n electronics, PIO, CTC, SIO if you want i/O ports etc.
Power supply
Requires an ordinary domestic black and white colour T V . The The Z X 8 0 requires approximately 4 0 0 m A f r o m 7—11 v DC. It
lead supplied connects between the Z X 8 0 and your T V ' s aerial has its own internal 5v regulator.
socket. The display organisation is 24 lines of 32 characters TV standard
per line showing black characters on a white screen. The Z X 8 0
The Z X 8 0 is designed to work w i t h UHF TVs (channel 36)and
does not connect t o a printer.
is the version required for use in the United Kingdom, The
Programming
Z X 8 0 USA is designed to work w i t h a V H F TV(American
Programs can be entered on the keyboard or loaded f r o m
channel 2. European channel 3) and is the version required for
cassette. The Z X 8 0 has automatic " w r a p r o u n d " so lines of
the American T V system, also for countries w i t h o u t U H F .
program can be any length but not multi-statement lines.
ZX81
Syntax check
The syntax of the entered line is checked character by char-
acter. A syntax error cursor marks the first place the syntax
breaks down if there is an error. Once any errors have been
edited out the syntax error cursor disappears. Only syntax Dimensions
error-free lines of code are accepted by the Z X 8 0 . Width 167mm (6.32 in)
Depth 175mm (6.80 in)
Graphics
Height 40 mm (1.57 in)
Total of 22 graphics symbols giving 48 x 64 pixels resolution
Weight 350 gms (12.15 oz)
consisting of 10 symbols plus space and inverses. Includes
symbols for drawing bar charts. Under control of your BASIC
Microprocessor/Memory
program any character can be printed in reverse field.
Z 8 0 A 3 . 2 5 MHz clock
Editing
ROM: Containing 8K BASIC interpreter
The line edit allows y o u to edit any line of program or input
R A M : I K bytes internal, externally expandable to 16K bytes.
including statement numbers. The edit and cursor control
keys are E D I T , R U B O U T , HOME.
Keyboard
Arithmetic
40 key touch-sensitive membrane. Using function mode and
Arithmetic operators +,—,x, exponentiate. Relational oper-
single press key-word system, this gives the equivalent of 91
ators < , > , = , yielding 0 or — 1. Logical operators A N D OR
keys and also graphics mode allows an additional 20 graphical
NOT yielding boolean result. Relational operators also apply to
and 54 inverse video characters to be entered directly.
strings. Z X 8 0 BASIC uses 16 bit two's complement
Display
arithmetic ( 1 32767 ).
Requires an ordinary domestic black and white or colour T V .
Variables
The aerial lead supplied connects the Z X 8 1 to the TV aerial
Numeric variable names may be any length, must begin w i t h a
socket. The display is organised as 24 lines of 32 characters
letter and consist of alphanumerics. Every character in the name
w i t h black characters on a white background.
is compared thus an i n f i n i t y of unique names is available.
Two mode speeds
String variables may be assigned t o or f r o m , shortened but not
The Z X 8 1 can operate in two software selectable modes • FAST
concatenated. String variable names are AS - ZS. Strings do not
and N O R M A L . FAST is ideal for really high-speed computing.
require a dimension statement and can be any length.
In N O R M A L mode however the Z X 8 1 allows continuously
Arrays have a m a x i m u m dimension of 255 (256 elements} each.
moving, flicker-free animated displays
Array names consist of a single letter A—Z.
Printer
Control variable names in FOR. . . N E X T loops consist of a
single letter A—Z. The 8K ROM will permit instructions ( L P R I N T , LLIST and
Expression evaluator COPY) to drive the Sinclair Z X Printer
The full expression evaluator is called whenever a constant or Programming
variable is encountered d u r i n g program execution. This allows Programs can be entered via the keyboard or loaded from cass-
you t o use expressions in place of constants especially useful in ette. Programs and data can be saved onto cassette so that they
GOTOs, GOSUBs, F O R . . . N E X T etc.
SPECIFICATIONS
are not lost when the Z X 8 1 is turned o f f . Arrays
Syntax check
The syntax of a line of program is checked o n entry. A syntax Arrays may be m u l t i dimensional w i t h subscripts starting at 1.
error cursor marks the first place the syntax breaks d o w n if
there is an error. The syntax error cursor disappears when errors Expression evaluator
have been corrected. Only lines free f r o m syntax errors will be The full expression evaluator is called whenever an expression,
entered into the program. constant or variable is encountered during program execution.
Graphics This powerful feature allows use of expressions in place of
Apart f r o m the 20 graphics characters, space and its inverse, the constants and is especially useful in GOTO, GOSUB etc.
display may also be divided into 64 x 44 pixels, each of which Command mode
may be 'blacked' in or 'whited' out under program control. The Z X 8 1 will execute statements immediately, enabling it to
Editing perform like a calculator.
A line editor allows you to edit any line of program or input, Cassette interface
including program line numbers. Lines may be deleted, in Works using domestic cassette recorders. The transfer rate is
creased or decreased in size. 250 baud and uses a unique recording format not compatible
Arithmetic w i t h other systems. The Z X 8 1 will save the data as well as
Arithmetic operators +, —, x, - , exponentiate. Relational oper the program to avoid the need to re enter the data when the
ators =, < > , > , < , < - , > = , may compare string and arithmetic program is next loaded.,
variables t o yeild 0 (False! or H T r u e ) . Logical operators A N D , Z X 8 1 will search through a tape for the required program).
OR, NOT yield boolean results. The cassette leads supplied have 3.5 m m jack plugs.
Floating-point numbers Expansion port
Numbers are stored in 5 bytes in floating point binary f o r m At the rear, this has the full data, address and control buses
giving a range of 1 3 x 10 " " t o + 7 x 1 0 " a c c u r a t e to 9Vi from the Z 8 0 A CPU as well as O V , +5V, + 9 V , 0 and the mem
decimal digits. ory select lines. These signals enable you to interface the ZX81
Scientific functions to the Sinclair 16K R A M pack and ZX printer.
Natural logs/antilogs; SIN, COS, T A N and their inverses.SQR; Power supply
e*. The ZX81 requires approximately 4 2 0 m A at 7 - 1 I V DC. It has
Variables its o w n internal 5V regulator. The ready assembled Z X 8 1 comes
Numerical: any letter followed by alphanumerics complete w i t h a power supply. The Z X 8 1 kit does not include
String: At to Zi a power supply.
FOR N E X T loops: A - Z (loops may be nested to any TV standard
depth. The Z X 8 1 is designed to work w i t h UHF TVs (channel 36) 625
Numerical arrays: A-Z lines.
String arrays: A* to Z i
ZX SPECTRUM
Dimensions graphics characters. Also functions to yield character at a given
Width 2 3 3 mm position, attribute at a given position (colours, brightness and
Depth 1 4 4 m m flash) and whether a given pixel is set. Text may be written on the
Height 3 0 mm screen on 2 4 lines of 32 characters. Text and graphics may be
freely mixed.
CPU/Memory
Colours
Z 8 0 A microprocessor running at 3 . 5 MHz. 1 6K-byte ROM con-
taining BASIC interpreter and operating system. Foreground and background colours, brightness and flashing are
16K-byte RAM (plus optional 32K-byte RAM on internal expan- set by BASIC INK, PAPER, BRIGHT and FLASH commands. OVER
sion board) or 48K-byte RAM. may also be set, which performs an exclusive — or operation to
overwrite any printing or plotting that is already on the screen. IN-
Keyboard VERSE will give inverse video printing. These six commands may
be set globally to cover all further PRINT, PLOT, DRAW or CIRCLE
40-key keyboard w i t h upper and lower case w i t h capitals lock commands, or locally within these commands to cover only the
feature. All BASIC words obtained by single keys, plus 1 6 graphics results of that command. They may also be set locally to cover text
characters, 2 2 colour control codes and 2 1 user-definable printed by an INPUT statement. Colour-control codes, which may
graphics characters. All keys have auto repeat. be accessed from the keyboard, may be inserted into text or pro-
gram listing, and when displayed will override the globally set col-
Display ours until another control code is encountered. Brightness and
Memory-mapped display of 2 5 6 pixels x 1 9 2 pixels; plus one at- flashing codes may be inserted into program or text, similarly.
tributes byte per character square, defining one of eight Colour-control codes in a program listing have no effect on its ex-
foreground colours, one of eight background colours, normal or execution. Border colour is set by a BORDER command. The eight
tra brightness and flashing or steady. Screen border colour also colours available are black, blue, red, magneta, green, cyan,
settable to one of eight colours. Will drive a PAL UHF colour TV set, yellow and white. All eight colours may be present on the screen at
or black and white set (which will give a scale of grey), on channel once, w i t h some areas flashing and others steady, and any area
36. may be highlighted extra bright.
Sound Screen
Internal loudspeaker can be operated over more than 10 octaves The screen is divided into t w o sections. The top section — normal-
(actually 1 3 0 semitones) via basic BEEP command. Jack sockets ly the first 2 2 lines — displays the program listing or the results of
at the rear of computer allow connections to external amplifier/ program or command execution. The bottom section — normally
speaker. the last 2 lines — shows the command or program line currently be-
ing entered, or the program line currently being edited. It also
Graphics shows the report messages. Full editing facilities of cursor left,
Point, line, circle and arc drawing commands in high-resolution cursor right, insert and delete (with auto-repeat facility) are
graphics. available over this line. The b o t t o m section will expand to accept a
16 pre-defined graphics characters plus 2 1 user-definable current line of up to 2 2 lines.

SPECIFICATIONS
Mathematical Operations And Functions Expression Evaluator

Arithmetic operations of + , x, and raise to a power. A full expression evaluator is called during program execution
Mathematical functions of sine, cosine, tangent and their inverses; whenever an expression, constant or variable is encountered. This
natural logs and exponentials; sign function, absolute value func- allows the use of expressions as arguments to GOTO, GOSUB,
tion, and integer function; square root function, random number etc.
generation, and pi. It also operates on commands allowing the ZX Spectrum to
Numbers are stored as five bytes of floating point binary - giving a operate as a calculator.
range of + 3 x 10 3 9 to + 7 x 10 3 8 accurate to 9'/» decimal digits.
Binary numbers may be entered directly w i t h the BIN function. = , Cassette Interface
> , < , > = , < = and < > may be used to compare string or A tone leader is recorded before the information to overcome the
arithmetic values or variables to yield 0 (false) or 1 (true). Logical automatic recording level fluctuations of some tape recorders, and
operators A N D , OR and NOT yield boolean results but will accept 0 a Schmitt trigger is used to remove noise on playback.
(false) and any number (true). All saved information is started w i t h a header containing informa-
User-definable functions are defined using DEF FN, and called us- tion as to its type, title, length and address information. Program,
ing FN. They may take up t o 2 6 numeric and 2 6 string arguments, screens, blocks of memory, string and character arrays may all be
and may yield string or numeric results. saved separately.
There is a full D A T A mechanism, using the commands READ, Programs, blocks of memory and arrays may be verified after sav-
DATA and RESTORE. ing.
A real-time clock is obtainable. Programs and arrays may be merged f r o m tape to combine them
w i t h the existing contents of memory. Where t w o line numbers or
variables names coincide, the old one is overwritten.
String Operations And Functions Programs may be saved w i t h a line number, where execution will
Strings can be concatenated w i t h + . String variables or values start immediately on loading.
may be compared w i t h = , > , < , > = , < = , < > t o give boolean The cassette interface runs at 1 5 0 0 baud, through t w o 3.5 mm
results. String functions are V A L , V A L $ , STR$ and LEN. CHR$ jack plugs.
and CODE convert numbers to characters and vice versa, using the
ASCII code. A string slicing mechanism exists, using the form a $ (x Expansion Port
TOy).
This has the full data, address and control busses f r o m the Z 8 0 A ,
and is used to interface to the ZX Printer, the RS 2 3 2 and NET inter-
Variable Names faces and the ZX Microdrives. IN and OUT commands give the I/O
Numeric — any string starting w i t h a letter (upper and lower case port equivalents of PEEK and POKE.
are not distinguished between, and spaces are ignored).
String - AS t o Z $ . Z X 8 1 Compatibility
FOR-NEXT loops - A-Z. Z X 8 1 BASIC is essentially a subset of ZX Spectrum BASIC. The
Numeric arrays — A-Z. differences are as follows.
String arrays — AS to Z $ . FAST and SLOW: the ZX Spectrum operates at the speed of the
Simple variables and arrays w i t h the same name are allowed and Z X 8 1 in FAST mode w i t h the steady display of SLOW mode, and
distinguished between. does not include these commands.
SCROLL: the ZX Spectrum scrolls automatically, asking the
operator " s c r o l l ? " every time a screen is filled.
Arrays UNPLOT: the ZX Spectrum can unplot a pixel using PLOT OVER,
Arrays may be multi-dimensional, w i t h subscripts starting at 1. and thus achieves unplot.
String arrays, technically character arrays, may have their last Character set: the ZX Spectrum uses the ASCII character set, as
subscript omitted, yielding a string. opposed t o the Z X 8 1 non-standard set.
ZX COMPUTING APfllLMAY 1 9 8 3 135
• / / / / /
Personal. > The Century Computer
Computer Programming Course
CENTURY The complete guide to programming in Sinclair BASIC
using ZX81 and Spectrum Microcomputers
PETER MORSE IAN A D A M S O N BEN ANREP BRIAN HANCOCK
Sinclair have sold over 600,000 ZX81's
and Spectrums, which means that
somewhere out there are 600,000+
potential programmers.
There are enough books and collections

of programs on the market to help you get
beyond the user manual. The Century
Computer Programming Course aims to
transform any Sinclair owner into a
serious programmer - whether they own
a Spectrum or a ZX81, whether they are
totally new to computing or simply have
ideas in advance of their current
expertise.
Beginning with the elements of BASIC
syntax, The Century Computer
Programming Course takes you right
through to the creation of sophisticated
applications programs. More than 500
pages and 200 programs and routines
makes this a monumental project.
Without it Sinclair owners are likely to
remain games players for the rest of
their computing lives...
Illustrated with line drawings 544pp
£9.95 (paperback) €14.95 (hardback)
Available through your local bookshop
ORDER FORM
To: Department CCI I enclose my cheque/postal order for £
George Philip Services Ltd (Please make your cheque postal order payable to
Arndale Road Wick George Philip)
Littlehampton
West Sussex BN17 7EN Name
Address
Please send me copy copies of THE
CENTURY COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
COURSE at £11.50 per copy (post paid).
(£13.50 post paid for overseas addresses) Please allow up to 28 days for delivery
CENTURY
136
1
ADVERTISEMENT RATES
1. SEMI — DISPLAY or2. LINEAGE
30p per w o r d ( m i n i m u m 15
(min 2 cm) £7 25 per c m words)
4-11 insertions £6-75 per c m Box N u m b e r s £2 50
12 + i n s e r t i o n s £6 25 per c m
C l o s i n g date for the next issue is 21st 2 n d 1983

A l l a d v e r t i s e m e n t s in this s e c t i o n must be prepaid.
A d v e r t i s e m e n t s are a c c e p t e d s u b j e c t to t h e t e r m s a n d c o n d i t i o n s p r i n t e d
o n the a d v e r t i s e m e n t rate c a r d (available o n request)
Send y o u r r e q u i r e m e n t s to A D V E R T I S I N G DEPT . ZX C O M P U T I N G .
145 C H A R I N G C R O S S R O A D , L O N D O N W C 2 H OEE
W O R L D I N F O a d a t a b a s e of information FOOTBALL POOLS PROGRAM

about the m o d e r n w o r l d U s e your S p e c t r u m • Lists out in order of preference the 16 most likely score draws: also the 16 most likely
as a r e f e r e n c e book Wars, poiential wars, l o p homes, draws and aways
men. h u m a n rights, t y p e s of regime, alliance • Picks out the results on the bookmakers FIXED O D D S c o u p o n s that have been given
a n d m u c h m o r e li s a datafile for C a m p b e l l over-generous odds Calculates your expected profn'
S y s t e m s Masterfile for 48K £ 5 or SAE tor • Allows the user to update the tables week by week as the results c o m e in.
details. Also P H O N E A C C O U N T , a pro-
g r a m m e to k e e p track of p h o n e c h a r g e s for This program is available on the ZX81 (16K) and ZX S P E C T R U M (48K only)
several people. C4 Wimsofl, 2 0 B r o o k s i d e For a copy of the program on a quality cassette, plus an mforma'ion leaflet giving a bnel
Road. Wimborne. Dorset B H 2 1 2BL. explanation of the theory send £5 95 to
48K S P E C T R U M MAILIST
HARTLAND SOFTWARE
( D E P T . Z). 8 P E N Z A N C E PLACE. L O N D O N W11 4PA,
120 entries name, address and oiher informa-
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security Add delete modiy display print
ZX81 REPAIR SERVICE
SPECTRUM 16K/48K
mdividuai.'aii entries Professionally executed Hi quality low cos! Arcaae Style games using lull colour
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Price O v e r . C o m p t o n H o u s e . F a r n h a m G U 9 8 B W . CASSETTE 1 8 Run Asti>'jids Defer der
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ONLY £15.95 fully guaranteed - £1.50 p&p CASSETTE 2 A n ASM. • Sjb Hunt Star'r,>
A T T E N T I O N P R O G R A M M E R S . ZX81 16K Please slate tno nature ol pioWem Send chcqm? or Le iys M ^ r fha$e,ar»a Space intruders £5.50
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games programs required Earn 20% gut S " U .1- and * ink Same ONLY ES.50
NEXT C O M P U T E R SYSTEMS
royalties S e n d SAE for full details to, William 88 H a r v e s t R d „ E n g l o f i e l d G r e e n . S u r r e y T W 2 0 OOR.
Young, 4 Kiimartm Lane. Carluke. S c o t l a n d W H Y PAY M O R E F O R L E S S ?
M L 8 5RT. SPECIAL OFFER All 3 tapi'> lllal v 13 programs. ,t!
ONLY £14.95.
Z X 8 1 - 1 6 K Aduii users only Free: c o m p l e t e Send lo: R. BHATTACHARA, DEPT (ZXC).
Z X 8 1 V I D E O I N V E R T E R s a v e s your e y e s p e r s o n a l financial analysis program, Tele- 3 Wensley Close, Harpenden, Herts AL51RZ
i n c r e a s e s s a l e ievei. displays sharp white p h o n e Upper W a r l i n g h a m 2 2 8 0 ( A n s a p h o n e ) .
c h a r a c t e r s o n solid black background
S c r e e n kit £4, built £5 i n c l u d e s VAT a n d P&P
instructions. S e n d c h e q u e / p o s t a l order to D
Frilsch. 6 S t a n d o n Road, Thelwaii, Warrington FIREWORK MUSIC SPECT-A-DRAW
C h e s h i r e W A 4 2HS. * The original Pools Prediction Program lor the
An educations' game for the 16* or 4BK Spectrum
dosignod (o develop speed •« music reading Players 48K Spectrum
learn so read roles in She treble and Cass del while
ZX80/81 N A N O S tney enjoy an attractive game with cciour graphics and A boon for those interested in winning the
"Quick Reference" Cards sound There are 'irework displays as rowatds Out your Pools - Interface December 1982
t'ework Don is blown up by tailing sparks it you re too Program on cassette with instruction
Why wasie time and frustration struggling with slow Pace increases with score lo encourage quick
the books'* This card has it all There is nothing reading laeal for home or school use Oy mus* pegm- manual £4.95
nerj 2 programs on cassette lor 16K Or 48K Spectrum Database Tape (Optional, but coniams data
like it in the world Send £3.50 per card so: icr 3 Sim icir IcK ZX81 v:rs<?n: cost 0"'< £5.00 A:sc on over 6000 matches! £13.50
ELKAN E L E C T R O N I C S (DEPT ZX) available 3 Music Education Software casseties roi 16K
ZX81 iust £12.00 Program and Da:a: ;<se togemcr £17.50
FREEPOST. 11 Bury New Road, Prestwich,
Manchester M25 6LZ or Tel: 061-798 7613. OR SAE FOR DETAILS
SOFTWARE COTTAGE B.S. M c A L L E Y , D E P T Z X ,
(24 hours) 19 Wesllteld Drive. Loughborough, Lelct LEI t 30J.
— other Sinclair items also available — 1 COWLEAZE, CHINNOR, OXON OX94TD.
ZX COMPUTING - CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENT - ORDER FORM

Advertise nationally In these columns to Over 100.000 r e a d e r ! lor only 30p
1. 2. 3. per word ( m i n i m u m charge 15 word*). Simply print your message In the
coupon e n d t e n d with your cheque or postal order m a d * p a y a M e to Argus
4. 5. 6. Specialist Publications Ltd to:
C L A S S I F I E D DEPT. ZX C O M P U T I N G
7. 8. 9. 145 Charing Cross Rd. London W C 2 H OEE.
Tel: 01-437 1002
10. 11. 12,
Name
13. 14. 15. Address
Tel No (Day)
Please place my advert in ZX Computing for months Please i n d i c a t e n u m b e r of insertions r e q u i r e d .
ZX C O M P U T I N G A P R I L / M A Y 1983
• / / / / /
WANTED URGENTLY high quality SAVE TAX' W I T H Y O U R ZX81
S p e c l r u m p r o g r a m s U p to 6 0 % royalties ZX81 (16K) SPECTRUM
TIRED OF GAMES?
Send cassetie and instructions lo R
Put your I6K investment to practical use with a
Bhattacharga. Depl ZXC(C). 3 Wensley
C l o s e H a r p e n d e n . Herts A L 5 1RZ
comprehensive POOLS
I N C O M E TAX C A L C U L A T I O N P R O G R A M
Fully interactive and user-friendly Fast,
PREDICTION
Your computer can ôlp you wm the pools Tost you'
*"*ZX81 VIDSWITCH*** accurate calculations based on offtciai'y-
aoproved algorithm Covers most la* situations
theories on the complex data
THE DATA
INVERSE VIDEO M O D U L E higher rales investment income, wife's • itii f . tba League -••• .>«•,
The Original and still the Best earnings age relief arid much more e Teams, dates and scores ot ovei to000 matches
Cassette and lull instructions £6.95 Annua • Smpk" tor ât
Sharp white characters on completely tuack • Complete * in -"arvr analyse programs
screen (no border) Module is built around an update service. Orders to
ultra-miniature toggle switch a'.towmg switching ECONOMIC SOFTWARE Zyiapf'£7.S0 5y tape £12.50 Access/Barclay
between modes Easybuild Kit £3.95 Built £4.95 16A Broadwater Down. Tunbridge Wells. Kent. SELEC SOFTWARE
N E W MINI KEYBOARD N E W 37 Counciller Lane. C h e a d l e , Cheshire.
41 real moving keys which give audible feed- T E L E P H O N E : 061-428-7425
back when pressed Fits in recess lefi alter peel- S P E C T R U M 32K RAM £24.50
ing oft ZX81 touch keyboard
•Ptug-in *No sodefing ^^^^^^^^ Upgrade your 16K Spectrum to 48K with our
« r lof [if •:: i ; RAM kit Only Ms issue 2 machines. identified by
a large chip in a socket in line tvlh the 9 key
112
50 • , il 25.95
visible through the rear expansion cutout The
REPEAT KEY T W O T O N E KEYBOARD
SIMILAR TO S P E C T R U M BLEEPER kit consists of chips and instructions, and NO
£6.95 U.95 soldering is needed
S P E C T R U M BEEP BOOSTER £ 2 4 . 5 0 incl. V A T a n d P & P
Plug-in £6.95
Z X 8 1 16K S O F T W A R E
Rescue M M Frogs CMS HAPPY WITH YOUR DISPLAY? DIRECTORY OF 700 SUPPLIERS
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IK Gap • 5 PaC- iXludM in-ijao'^: £4.95 Or have you got problems?
SPECTRUM SOFTWARE • Are your whites yellowish? Descriptions sources ol supply and puces oi
Mao Wanna .iem ana g w > 4BK £5.95 • Is every other hrn? a different colour n k e nearly 550 sottwai e program s i .n S sections divided
Scramole (Any Spectrum) £5.50 Venetian b l i n d s ) ' into 30 categories i 2S0 hardware .terns 100
Cosmic Raiders (Any Spectrum) £5.9r • Do your characters wobble'' publications USER CLUB eclats and contacts
Many others available SAE tor tree catalogue (Some character wobble is bound to exist, but <i
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can be reduced)
o-* Ram Pack •••ao : ser (Su': an: and Meats'". K £3.75 special features
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Spectrum to give the best possible results by YOUNG S COMPUTER PUBLICATIONS
B. A. READER. Dept C. 45 Alfred Street,
2 W o o d l j n d Way. G o i t i e M . H * l * t * « d . Essen C 0 9 1TH
Kings heath. Birmingham B14 7HG. adjusting internal controls
Send £1 plus S.A.E. PRICE £3.95
Z X 8 1 16K + full s i z e k e y b o a r d r a s s e t t e s (Sent free if you order the RAM) INCLUDING NEW SUPPLEMENT
i n c l u d i n g I n v a d e r s . C h e s s , Flight S i m u l a n o n
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requires addtiional hardware and software COURSES AVAILABLE ZX81 16K
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£4 0 0
i
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Publications 145 C h a r i n g Cross Road, February 1983 1 5 hours of instruction Irom a r<t ZxSi 16« W.M
LIMITED O V l « A • • 1 * i ' ••* •"J1 <•' i
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inclusive chscc--vvccl' LOAD Ai • î^k irw.iuLliid tT 00
{ m a k e s d u p l i c a t e s of a n y t a p e ) £ 7 . 5 0 s c r e e n S A E roi up io MII h t t
t o o l k i t C 3 . 5 0 B a s i c toolkit C3 5 0 P o w e r Filter GAINSBOROUGH HOUSE HOTEL MICROMOR
Bewdley Hill. Kidderminiter. (0562) 7S4041 1 EhlfttoeVl Clot* YnytforQAA Smrinui SA* BRW
£3.50 M Lamb. 6 Patk Street, S c a r b o r o u g h
AD INDEX
Artie 50 File Sixty, 23 Nottingdale 34

Addictive Games 116 Gibbon JP 96 Print & Plotter 12
Adaptors and Eliminators 00 Hewson 59 Picturesque 72
Audio Computers 139 Haven 87 Phipps 6
Buffer 82 Hilderbray 132 Quicksilva 140/121
Bi Pak 72 Impact 72 Richard Shepherd 43
C.C.S 97 J. K. Greye 102 Rose Cassettes 22
Campbell Systems 121 Kuma 3 Softek 35
Century Publishing 138 Linsac 73 Software Bank 102
Computerlock 51 Lovejoy 100 Stonechip 3
Cascade Software 52 Micropower 22 Silversoft 2
Carnell Software 80 McLotharian 6 Software Farm 51/132
Cheetah Marketing 117 Melbourne House 64 Software Supermarket .....17
Computer Rentals 116 Moviedrome Video 22 Sinclair Research 38/39
Easternsoft 72 Memotech 46-47 Tasword 73
East London Robotics., 131 Microware 23/52 Timedata 110
Educare 131 Microsphere 102 UTS 110
Fulcrum 117 Micro Game Simulations 121 University Computers ....110
Fosberry AG 3 Mikrogen.. 97 V & H 96
Peter Furlong 82 Nimrod 131 Warp Factor 8 116
Foilkade 97 New Generation Software 132
138 Z X C O M P U T I N G A P R I L . M A Y 1983
THE REAL
\
INVESTMENT
NEW: WHAT IS SO
THE X-ROMCARD SPECIAL ABOUT
THE
FOR YOUR ZX81 SPECIAL RAMPACK?
WHAT IS SO SPECIAL ABOUT AUDIO'S IftK SPECIAL RAM PACK? THE BEST GUARANTEE
T H A T YOUR ZX81 WON T BE
T H E S P E C I A L R A M P A C K t l 6 K i is the latest design of us k i n d . following at least J J t v r n similar products It has many uf
the good points of its p r t J e t n s o n , including | » ' k s m i n u i K t u r n l bv Sinclair Research, M e m u i r c h , Hvghyte and OBSOLETE FOR ONLY:
19
E c o a o i c c h to cue a few o f the best known.
W i t h the experience we have gained w i t h memories both lor t h c Z X S I a n d * wide range o f other M i c r o s . « c are also able t o .9S
offer w m t t i d u i i v c new I c a m r c s
T H E CASE T h e S P E C I A L R A M P A C K has been designed l o o v c n i m c the infamous ' w o h b i n g ' problem associated
wit h n u n v other packs, and does not resort to temporary solutions such as V e k t o . B l u t a k , adhesiv e st rip or a huge, unsighi tv
case. It clamps positively to the Z X g l bs means of a special huih tn ridge aided hv a i t u b r i l spring effect in the connection
socket i.see figure 1).
E X P A N S I B I L I T Y : T h e S P E C I A L R A M P A C K is not only compatible w i t h all v>li ware and hardware produced lor the
Z X 81. such as t h e Z X p r i n t e r , but it also has the edge over 01 her packs w i t h its expansibility You will find it interesting that
the keyboard sounder option is already included in the S P E C I A L R A M P A C K it alio has e i p a n s K w r i m . ready t o revet ve
- i n tbe s a n e case — the most advanced add o n ever designed lor the X X III the X R O M C A R D iser figure 2).
including V A T
WHAT DOES THE X-ROM CARD OFFER?

1. T h e X - R O M C A R D has a built i n autostart R O M Programs can be r u n automatically everv time the / X HI u i m i i b r J
on. T h i s w i l l resui) i n a huge increase factor for R O M based software, since all software houses arc currently serv aware o f
copvnghi piracy prnNems
2. T h e X - R O M C A R D has a btuk i n printer interface, necessary if you wish to use a printer other than the X / printer T h i s
is invaluable f o r any serious appfccaiioas. including w o r d processing, where careful prevent anon is uf the utmost
importance
3. T h e X - R O M C A R D has a b u i k in E P R O M burner. 1 his means that you can save Has* or Machine code progiams onto
silicon chips and ptav ihem hack at anv time
4 Y o u may o f course buy the X - R O M C A R D t o use will) other R a n Packs such as the Sinclair Ram Pack. However, when
sou purchase the X R O M C A R D w i t h the S P E C I A L R A M P A C K , you will have the advantage u f luwet cost, greater
reliability and neatness, since the whole system is n i c d y housed w i t h i n a single case.
I N C O N C L U S I O N . T h e S P E C I A L R A M P A C K , is ihe best immediate investment for your Z X HI f h e availability of
the X - R O M C A R D opens i h t wav to new software development such as languages p r o g r a m m i n g and is the guarantee that
fig. 2 vour svstem w i l l never he obsolete
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:
• SPECIAL R A M P A C K :
• Memory capacity; I 6 K bytes.
• Maximum speed: 200 ns access lime.
• Power requirement: Use exclusively Sinclair P S U .
• X-ROMCARD:
• Autostart R O M : 4 K byte, exchange for 8K bytes and software switch possible.
m
Displays memory size, checks for byte " 0 0 " (identifies Z X basic) fti 2000H.
Loads program if found, checks for byic " C 3 " and jumps ( 2 0 0 0 H ) if found.
Checks for presence of R O M in socket n.3 and R O M catalog, displays catalog
if found. Contains also machine code monitor and printer utility.
• Preprogrammed R O M : Caialog available on request. Use only 2732 or 2764 R O M / E P R O M .
• Blank E P R O M : Use only 2764 — 8 K bytes per device — in socket n.3. 3 x 9 V , PP3 size batteries ,
are needed to burn E P R O M . j Z
• Printer c o n n e c t i o n : 16 pin O I L output, use standard IDC ribbon cable. Outputs include
D O lo D 7 , Strobe, Reset, Inputs include No-fauli and Busy.
• Documentation: Schematic diagram included, full listings of Autostart R O M extra
(only for X - R O M C A R D user, £1.50 t large S A E ) / J % S J L
iSSjjS
2 m
AUDIO-COMPUTERS
8 7 B O U R N E M O U T H PARK ROAD,
S O U T H E N D ON S E A _ E S S E X SS5 2JJ
J" ^
WHO ON EARTH
COULD HAVE CONCEIVED
QUICKSILVA SOFTWARE?
• T I M E - G A T E ' ! . ^ T O R N A D O . . .
.* J . HolMs • . . • . by C h e r t e c
T H E U N B E L I E V A B L E B P A C E / T I M E O N L Y A V A I L A B L E F R O M O S I
A D V E N T U R E F R O M Q S ! MDUI- ship js a Tornado. A c r a f t specially de- ,
High speed graphics combined with electrify- signed for use over the Red Planet able to
ing s p a c e adventure make TIME-GATE the m a n o e u v r e fast and effectively in the thirl
g a m e of all games. . * •. atmosphere. N o w the end of Colony VJars is in
Foil the ruling aliens by travelltng back through sight, a final pocket of seething hate has
time and blasting o u t their home planet. Fight" been, located and is a b o u t to be eradicated,
3 D space battles on your journey, seeking the the last clan will shortly fall . . . If the mission
time g a t e s t h a t .lead t o year z e r o and the is successful. . .
salvation of t h e h u m a n race. Features: Full Colour High Res Graphics —
Features: <4D — High speed graphics — S o u n d — Scoring — Ships Attacking — 3
versatile scanning — s t a t u s and battle com- Typ6s of G r o u n d Base — 2 Player Option —
p u t e r s — land & take-off f r p m many planets Increasing S p e e d — High S c o r e — Pro-
— t i m e - t r a v e l . — 5 skill levels —. score & gressive Difficulty — R a n d o m Landscapes —
rating plus free training program. Explosions
SPECTRUM 48K >0 - + JOY
LAXIAN & MAGIC

GLOOPS - r - T
by " B e c k v / . t h n h a i uflfeefr , G o r
G A L A X I A N tilled o n c a p e r•
Dffffne
"^tjV-id — • Yj Powe
ape ^ n o a frofT^ i*p a h o a d o f OLI w i l l b e a b l e
™nc a / p s F e a t u r e s : 1 -,^C3Plb»€s phe Damsels in
C h a r s c t e r Manipulntton: t , M u n c t i e e s — P o w e r Pills - also t r a p p e d in t h f
''"Mirror TlotaC^ — Invert ^ ^ S i d u Doors — Fruit — High F a a t u r e i t S Lc.
— Left -V Flight - U p Score — Sonus Monchy — - High Score -Pi
im
Sj e ' T y p e s V <Jpcreasm^ Speed Difficulty -
Down — Hold — Wipe
nO jjS^nprj i D a m s e l s in Diatreg
Galsxian — Cancel
J r RedafinityVhole Character Detaotor — Sa*a A r e "
sre •
H e t e , . N u r W J t ;Sr
r onBalaxiaris
' SLOOPS!
AlaoJ<^Jf®fc j n C g l o u i ' M o d e
&coenem: dtemples supplied /
Quicfcsilva off^r* t h i s s p e c i a l
v e r a i o n g f th'e / a m o u & l p i H
e a t e r o n t h i s t a p e fGst f o r * "
t h e he» of itt
CHESS PLAYER
by V V ^ ' f " - H i l t o n
S p e e c h & Personal*",
CROAKA CRAWLA
b y J Fi«IO
Save Clint Frog from a SPEAKEASY
m e s s y f a t e Wfcatch o u t f o r by-J Mollis
the relentlessly approach- A d d s t o u r t d ot- s p b a c h t d ,
ing t r u c k s tFiat a r e t i r p d your program
of hedgehogs Look o u t S P E C T R U M 4QK~
for t h e Crocodiles, they
a r e equally F r o g - t j u n g r y l . METEOR-STORM
Features: frogs Lurneft Speech and Arced* A c t l H
— Logs Turtfu« tjfffarent • .• f * E E T i O U M i f c J K j
Cevejp - \ E c g n n g -•*
SPACE INTRUDE '
" i a c o o K s -• S i n k i r t g T u r t i ^ s MvtfsrAfj and Arcade A
- P r o g r e s s i v e D i f f i c u l t l y < Vr • , : c T R U M 1BK
r'Ain
Afct.ack '
^ - I.
Mil nil
i
F o r t h e * Z X B 1 & 1 6 K R g m : .
QS SCRAMBLE QS INVADERS
QS ASTEROIDS QS OEFEMOA
—
wv*
TORNADO NEW! V I C SO + J'S C5 9 5 PLEASE SEND ME THE GAMES AS TICKED
MAOIC W I N D O W NEW I ATARI 4 0 0 / 8 0 0 + J/S CS 9 5
TIME-GATE SPECTRUM <JBK r e 95* NAME
MINEO-OUT NEW! SPECTRUM <J0K E495*
C H E S S PLAYER SPECTRUM 4BK C6 9 5
SPEAKEASY SPECTRUM «4BK C4 9 5 ADDRESS
METEOR S T O R M SPECTRUM 1 SK CA 9 5 '
SPACE INVADERS SPECTRUM 16K C-4 9 5 *
O A L A X I A N & OLOOPS NEW I ZX01 16K ZA 95

CROAKA CRAWLA NEW 1 ZXB1 10K C3 95
MUNCHEES NEW l ZXB1 16K C3 9S
QS S C R A M B L E ZX81 16K C3 95
QS INVADERS ZXQ1 16K E3 9B
QS A S T E R O I D S ZX81 16K £3 95 S E N D O R D E R TOt
QS DEFENOA ZXB1 1BK C3 95 Q U I C K S I L V A . O E P T t M , 8 8N O R T H A M ROAD,
FREE KEYBOARD OVERLAY W I T H T H E S E GAMES S O U T H A M P T O N S 0 2 DPB TELi (0703) 20189
AVAILABLE F R O M B O O T S . W.H. S M I T H S . M E N Z I E S A N D ALtl L E A D I N G C O M P U T E R S T O R E S .

ZXComputing Apr-May 1983

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ZXComputing Apr-May 1983

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A N ARGUS SPECIALIST PUBLICATION

Britain's Biggest MagaizM

A fast and furious arcade action game for the

Survival is the name of the game in this exciting

Fruiteatingmonsterbeatingmazemunching Soar through the stars in this exciting new

ZX 8 1 Arcade Action List ZX - Spectrum Software

More sound from your ZX Spectrum!

Letters 8 H A d d i n g o n Your HNews

Programming . . .13 Not so much of a trial, but Guy Morgan

The Hobbit 76Hspectramon — Mastering Machine

383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 5

BEWARE THE IDES OF MARCH!

T Y R A N T OF A T H E N S SAMURAI WARRIOR P E L O P O N N E S I A N WAR

For either the 16K Spectrum or A full-blooded adventure for

Dept F F R E E P O S T EM463 (No stamp required)

CONQUERING EVEREST - Program approximately 11K

STOCKMARKET - Approximately 11K

I Please send me . tape(s) of ."]

Please use BLOCK CAPITALS

machine code on your Spectrum you'd just like to supplement

1983 ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983

983 ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1 9 8 3

Stephen Green, Memotech Ltd,

I I think you may find the follow-

10 383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983

1983 ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 11

"ZX&1 GRAPHICS BETTER

"WHERE CAN IGETTHEM?' ZX SPECTRUM JOTTER @> £9 95 each

programming other, w i t h a strength of three or

A book entitled 'Better

383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 13

fLTLTUT rLTLTLTj 2 0 0 L E T fld=letINT < R N D * 8 ) - a f - ( 3

14 383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983

1210 LET e i = I N T ( R N D J l ) +• 1 : I F se 7 3 6 0 CLS : PRINT " " Y O U f o p p o n e n

7320 LET s a = 2 5 : LET se =20 L E T f

383 I ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 15

Alien descender To d e s t r o y a w h o l e d e p t h 1 R E M HLltN DESCENDER

One lonely alien survived the at-

d e s t r o y e d by t h e a l i e n ' s second or so after you press the 1 5 0 NEXT F

16 383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983

ZX81 OWNERS! AND EUROPE Add S5pfoi each program £

Run for cover — here comes

18 ZX COMPUTING APRIL1 MAY 1983

383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 19

20 383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 20

3 6 0 0 LET F =0 5030 PRINT „ _ ..

ZX COMPUTING APRILMAY 1983 21

' A D D - O N ' INTERMEDIATE ENGLISH 1

At last there's a really cheap

383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 23

for your '81

reviewer, Nick one sort or another abound, and

the new range of

software from the

the computer, and you instruct it bar, an android conversion room

24 ZX COMPUTING APRIL'MAY 1983

383 I ZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 25

The score board for the Frogs game

There are, of c o u r s e , four Psion's choice of control keys

Adding on realise the potential you hold in

Joysticks The joystick interface module from

The Spectrum Add-on from

28 383IZX COMPUTING APRIL/MAY 1983 28

posedly for left or right handed